CONCRETE ESTIMATIONEstimatingConcrete:SLAB-FOOTING-COLUMN-BEAM-STAIRWhat is Concrete?Concrete is an artificial stone made from the mixture of stone aggregates and sand with the bonding of cement and water as paste. There are 3 types of concrete according to their weight. These are the lightweight concrete, medium stone concrete and heavyweight concrete.Lightweight concrete is used for insulation as low density concrete concrete, and filler over light gage steel floor panels as medium to structural strength concrete.Medium stone concrete is widely known as structural concrete usually used for general construction.Heavyweight concrete is used for shielding from gamma and radiation in nuclear reactors and similar structures.What is Cement?Cement is a powder that is produced from a burned mixture chiefly of clay and limestone. The different types of cement used for construction are:1. ordinary Portland cement2. rapid hardening Portland cement used if the work requires an early achievement of strength3. Portland blast furnace/sulphate is being used in chemical exposure shielding4. low heat Portland cement used for a massive structural section to reduce the heat of hydration.5 Portland pozzolan cement preferred for a slow hardening concrete works6. High alumina cement has a very high rate of strength development compared to the ordinary Portland cement. It is a different chemicalcomposition form that of Portland. It is not advisable to mix it with the other types of cement.The main chemical composition of cement are lime(60-65%), silica (18-25%), alumina (3-8%), ironoxide (0.5-5%), magnesia (2-5%) and sulfur trioxide (1-5%).Basic Principles in Concrete Mixing:1. Water to be used in the concrete mixing shall be clean and free from oils, acids, alkali, organic materials and other substances that may hinder the bonding of concrete and steel, as well as the required strength of concrete.2. Fresh concrete must be workable.3. The hardened concrete must be load-bearing as designed.4. The concrete must be produced economically between the water-cement ratio or aggregate-cement ratio.SlabITEM 1

1.Refer to Foundation PlanThelength of the floor is 7.00m.Thewidth of the floor is 6.00m.Thethickness is 0.10m.Multiply:l x w x t=7.00 x 6.00 x .10= 4.20 cumTable 1.CONCRETE PROPORTION

CLASSMIXTURECEMENT40kg/bagSANDcu.mGRAVELcu.m

Cement : Sand: Gravel

AA1 : 1 : 312.00.501.0

A1 : 2 : 49.00.501.0

B1 : 2 : 57.500.501.0

C1 : 3 : 56.00.501.0

2. Refer toTable 1for concrete mixture.Say, we will use the Class "C" mixture for concrete slab.Multiply:For cement: 4.20 cum x 6.00 = 25.20 bagsFor sand: 4.20 cum x .50 = 2.10 cumFor gravel: 4.20 cum x 1.00 = 4.20 cumITEM 2.Estimating for the Concrete Flooring at the Upper Floor.

Solution:1. Refer toAttic Floor Beam Plan.Thelength of the floor is 7.00m.Thewidth of the floor is 6.00m.Multiply:l x w= 7.00 x 6.00= 42.00 sqm.2. The stair well occupies an area of (3.05m x 2.00m) 6.10 sqm.Subtract:= 42.00 sqm - 6.10sqm= 35.90 sqm.3. Refer toSlab Detail. The thickness of the slab is 0.10m.Multiply: 35.90sq x .10m = 3.59 cum

4. Refer toTable 1for concrete mixture.Say, we will use the Class "B" mixture for concrete slab.Multiply:For cement: 3.59 cum x 7.50 = 26.93 bagsFor sand: 3.59 cum x .50 =1.795 cumFor gravel: 3.59 cum x 1.00 = 3.59 cum

Summary of Concrete for Slab:Cement: = 25.20 + 26.93 = 52.13, say 52 bagsSand: = 2.10 + 1.795 = 3.895, say 4 cumGravel: = 4.20 + 3.59 = 7.79, say 8 cumSummary of Concrete for Slab:Cement: = 25.20 + 26.93 = 52.13, say 52 bagsSand: = 2.10 + 1.795 = 3.895, say 4 cumGravel: = 4.20 + 3.59 = 7.79, say 8 cum

Concrete EstimationFootingITEM 1.Estimating for the Concrete Footing

Solution:1. Refer toFoundation Plan.There are 11 footings for columns.

Based on theCF details, F1 & F2 have the same dimensions.Multiply:= 1.00 x 1.00 x .20= 0.20m x 11 footings.= 2.20 cum

Table 1.CONCRETE PROPORTION

CLASSMIXTURECEMENT40kg/bagSANDcu.mGRAVELcu.m

Cement : Sand: Gravel

AA1 : 1 : 312.00.501.0

A1 : 2 : 49.00.501.0

B1 : 2 : 57.500.501.0

C1 : 3 : 56.00.501.0

2. Refer to Table 1 for concrete mixture.Say, we will use the Class "B" mixture for concrete footing.Multiply:For cement: 2.20 cum x 7.50 = 16.50 bagsFor sand: 2.20 cum x .50 = 1.10 cumFor gravel: 2.20 cum x 1.00 = 2.20 cumSummary of Concrete for Footing:Cement: = 16.50, say 17 bagsSand: =1.10, say 1 cumGravel: = 2.20, say 2.50 cum

ColumnEstimatingConcrete:SLAB-FOOTING-COLUMN-BEAM-STAIRITEM 1.Estimating for the Concrete Columns

Solution:1. Refer toFoundation Plan.There are 11 columns.Based on theCF details, C1 & C 2 have the same dimensions of .20m x .30m.From the NGL, the depth of a column is (1.00 -0.20) is 0.80m.From theCross Section, the column has the total height up to the Attic Floor Line of 2.80m and from the Attic Floor Line up to RB is 1.00 m.The Total height of a column is ( .80 + 2.80 + 1.00 ) 5.04m.Multiply:= 5.04m x 11 columns x .20 x .30= 3.33 cum2. Refer toTable 1for concrete mixture. Say, we will use the Class "A" mixture for concrete column.Table 1.CONCRETE PROPORTION

CLASSMIXTURECEMENT40kg/bagSANDcu.mGRAVELcu.m

Cement : Sand: Gravel

AA1 : 1 : 312.00.501.0

A1 : 2 : 49.00.501.0

B1 : 2 : 57.500.501.0

C1 : 3 : 56.00.501.0

Multiply:For cement: 3.30 cum x 9.00 = 29.97 bagsFor sand: 3.30 cum x .50 = 1.67 cumFor gravel: 3.30 cum x 1.00 = 3.30 cum

Summary of Concrete for Columns:Cement: = 29.97, say 30 bagsSand: = 1.67, say 2 cumGravel: = 3.30, say 3.50 cum

Concrete EstimationBeamEstimatingConcrete:SLAB-FOOTING-COLUMN-BEAM-STAIRITEM 1.Estimating for the Footing Tie Beams

Solution:1. Refer toFoundation Plan.Solve for the total length of the TB and TBWF only.= 7.00+7.00+6.00+6.00+6.00= 32.00mFrom theTB Detail, we have the dimensions of0.20 x 0.30 m.Multiply:= 32.00m x 0.20 x 0.30= 1.92 cum2. Refer toTable 1for concrete mixture. Say, we will use the Class "B" mixture for concrete beam.Table 1.CONCRETE PROPORTION

CLASSMIXTURECEMENT40kg/bagSANDcu.mGRAVELcu.m

Cement : Sand: Gravel

AA1 : 1 : 312.00.501.0

A1 : 2 : 49.00.501.0

B1 : 2 : 57.500.501.0

C1 : 3 : 56.00.501.0

Multiply:For cement: 1.92 cum x 7.50 = 14.40 bagsFor sand: 1.92 cum x .50 = 1.67 cumFor gravel: 1.92 cum x 1.00 = 3.30 cum

ITEM 2.Estimating for the Concrete Attic Floor Beams

Solution:1. Refer toAttic Floor Beam Plan.Solve for the total length of the FB1 and FB2.= 7.00+7.00+6.00+6.00+6.00+6.00+2.00= 40.00mFrom theFB Detail, we have the dimensions of0.20 x 0.40 m.Multiply:= 40.00m x 0.20 x 0.40= 3.20 cum2. Refer to Table 1 for concrete mixture. Say, we will use the Class "B" mixture for concrete column.Multiply:For cement: 3.20 cum x 7.50 = 24.00 bagsFor sand: 3.20 cum x .50 = 1.60 cumFor gravel: 3.20 cum x 1.00 = 3.20 cumITEM 3.Estimating for the Concrete Roof BeamsSolution:1. Refer toRoof Framing Plan.Solve for the total length of RB.= 7.00+7.00+6.00+6.00= 26.00mFrom theFB Detail, we have the dimensions of 0.20 x 0.40 m.Multiply:= 26.00m x .20 x .40= 2.08 cum2. Refer to Table 1 for concrete mixture. Say, we will use the Class "B" mixture for concrete column.Multiply:For cement: 2.08 cum x 7.50 = 15.60 bagsFor sand: 2.08 cum x .50 = 1.04 cumFor gravel: 2.08 cum x 1.00 = 2.08 cum

Summary of Concrete for Beams:Cement: = 14.40 + 24.00 + 15.60 = 54 bagsSand: = 1.67 + 1.60 + 1.04 = 4.31, say 4.5 cumGravel: = 3.30 +3.20 + 2.08 = 8.58, say 9 cum

Concrete EstimationStair

ITEM 1.Estimating for the Concrete Stair

Solution:1. Refer toStair Detail.Landing: 1.00 x 2.00 x 0.15 m =0.30 cumStringer: 1st flight run: 1.80 1st flight rise: 1.40 stringer length ( (1.802+ 1.402) = 2.28m stringer thickness: .15m stair width : 1.00

Multiply: = 2.28m x 1.00m .15m = 0.342cum For two flights : = 0.342cum x 2 =0.684cumTread and Riser approximate thickness: .18m length of stair: = 2.28m x 2 = 4.56m Compute: (4.56m x .18m)/2 =4.10cumLintel Beam: .10m x .40m length : 1.00m Multiply : = 0.10 x .40 x 1.00 =0.04 cumCompute total volume: = 0.30+ 0.684 + 4.10 + 0.0.4 =5.124 cum2. Refer to Table 1 for concrete mixture. Say, we will use the Class "C" mixture for concrete stair.Table 1.CONCRETE PROPORTION

CLASSMIXTURECEMENT40kg/bagSANDcu.mGRAVELcu.m

Cement : Sand: Gravel

AA1 : 1 : 312.00.501.0

A1 : 2 : 49.00.501.0

B1 : 2 : 57.500.501.0

C1 : 3 : 56.00.501.0

Multiply:For cement: 5.124 cum x 6.00 = 30.71 bagsFor sand: 5.124 cum x .50 = 2.562 cumFor gravel: 5.124 cum x 1.00 = 5.124 cumSummary of Concrete for Stair:Cement: = 30.71, say 31 bagsSand: = 2.562, say 3 cumGravel: = 5.124, say 5 cum