Conceptual Study and Evaluation of the DTS-Fiber-Optic System as

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Conceptual Study and Evaluation of theDTS-Fiber-Optic System as Monitoring

System of Injection-Production Profiles in

Conventional Reservoirs: A Colombian

Field Application.

R. Dorado



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04/09/2014 21 AÑOS

Introduction

Benefits & Advantages

Historical Cases

Configurations

Candidates Selection

Economic Evaluation

Study Field

Operating Principle

1

2

6

5

3

4

8

7

Conclusions9



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Mature Fields →70% World Production & 75% OOIP Incorporation ↑ 1% RF ≈ 10* 000 Millions BO Reserves+

280 oilfields → RF ≈ 20%

Oil Recovery Factor vs. OOIP in Colombia Fields. Number of fields vs. OOIP in Colombia.

Fuente: SPE 139199



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RTU



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* = This value is taken into account only once (assembly) during the lifetime of the fiber. References:

1= SPE 153809, 2= McKinley Book, 3= SPE 15064, 4= SPE 71676, 5= SPE 154442, 6= IPTC 12343

Parameter

Distributed

Temperature Sensing

(DTS)

Production/Injection

Logging Tools (PLT/ILT)

Radioactive Tracer

Survey (RTS)

Permanent Monitoring Yes⁶ Not Not

High* (Permanent)

Medium (Temporal)

Risk to Staff Low ³ Medium ³ˉ¹ Low ²

Environmental Risk Low ¹ Low ¹ High ²

Accuracy High ¹ Low Medium ²

Risk to Well Low ³ Medium ³ Low ²

6 Hrs (Temporal)

5 Days* (Permanent)

Leak Detection in Pipe Allows Detection⁵ Not Allows Detection Allows Detection ³

Works in Sanded Well Yes ³ Not ³ Yes ²

Data Acquisition Time Real Time ¹

Is required that tool is

removed ²

Is required that

tool is removed ²

Works both in producer &Injector Wells Yes Yes Not, only Injection

Space Required Surface Minimum ³ Wide ³ Minimum ²

Cost LowMedium

Time of Intervention in Well 3 Days³ 2 Days ²

Measure System



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No detect small leaks in pipes(Q< 0.0025 gpm),

ultrasonic leak detection

Injection answer it must be stopped for a TF(tinyección, k, s) →ᾱ Requires processes+

(Hot Water Injection or Hot Slug)

Sensitive to molecular hydrogen High cost DTS measurements mostly qualitative



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EASTERN LLANOS

LOWERMAGDALE

NA

BASIN

Source : ECP .

1957 La Cira (OXY)

1974 Galán

1979 Casabe ECP-SLB

2008 infantas OXY

2008 Yariguí- Cantagallo

Bonanza

Nutria

Proviancia

Llanito

Tisquirama-San Roque

Galán

Casabe Sur

Peñas Blancas

WATERFLOODING

WATER FLOODING PILOT



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FORMATION RESERVOIRSTRATIGRAPHIC

UNIT

BO

B1

B2

B3

C

C1

C2

C3

C3A

C4

C4C

C4B

C4A

C5

C6

CG

CG-B

CG-A

CG1

CG1A

CG2

CG3

CG4

CG5

CG6

CG7

CG8

LA PAZ

SAND BMUGROSA

SAND C

UPPER SAND-CG

SAND-C4

LOWER SAND-CG

Location Column Stratigraphic

Source : ECP



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1943 49 55 61 67 73 79 85 91 97 03 09

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

101

102

103

104

105

10

DATE

Axis 1

Oil Prod Rate (Prod Days ) ( bbl/d ) SRI

Axis 2

Oil Cumulativ e Production ( Mbbl ) SRI

Source : ECP



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Optical

Receiver Display Unit

Signal Proccessing Unit

Directional

Coupler OPTICAL FIBER

T°

Dintance

= Raman Backscattering

Laser

= Láser pulses c/10nsDTS

Unit

Si, Ge-F



04/09/2014 121 AÑOS

04/09/2014 121 AÑOS

Fuente: SPE 94989

JOUL-THOMPSOM:

∆T° →↓P= f(S,K)

Inflow Temperature Analysis Multi-zone Production

Temperature-Oil ProfileTemperature-Gas Profile

T



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USA

MEXICO

NORUEGA

BOLIVIA

CANADA

ARABIA

U.K

INDONESIA

VENEZUELA EGIPTO

RUSIA

CHINA

ALASKA

BRAZIL

ANGOLA

OMÁN

GREENLAND

SUDAN

MALASIA

UCRANIA

AZERBAIJAN

A. EMIRATES INDIA

COLOMBIA

JAPAN

DENMARK



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DTS

Single Ended Double Ended

Temporal Permanent

LEVEL 1

LEVEL 2

Parameter Single Ended Double Ended

Cost

Optical Loss

Configuration

Parameter Permanent Temporal

Skin Detecing

injection Front Optimizing

monitoring of SLA

Rervoir Management

Configuration



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TYAC< 248 ˚F

Q> 400 BOPD

START

IMPLEMENT ADIFFERENT

MONITORINGSYSTEM

MECHANICAL STATE

CANDIDATEWELL

END

T⁰ MOTOR BES < 248 ⁰ F

COMMINGLED PROD.

Yes No

TYAC< 248 ˚F

Q INJ> 3000 BWPD

START

IMPLEMENT ADIFFERENT

MONITORINGSYSTEM

MECHANICAL STATE

CANDIDATEWELL

END

MULTI-LAYER COMPLETION

HIGH VIBRATION



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2 1 M o n t h s

0 M o n t h s

Revenue from Oil Production YR-72, YR-74, YR-87 , YR-99.Case 2: With D.T.S.-F.O.

DTS- F.O. COSTS Well YR-72, YR-74, YR-87 , YR-99

10% Increased Production

2 1 M o n t h s

0 M o n t h s

Revenue from oil production YR-72, YR-74, YR-87 , YR-99.Case 1: WITHOUT D.T.S.-F.O.

↑US$ 244,494



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2 1

M o n t h s

0 M o n t h s

Revenuefrom Oil Production YR-74Case 1: WITH R.T.S.

RTS YR-512 Cost

RTS YR-512 CostRTS YR-512 CostRTS YR-512 Cost RTS YR-512 Cost

RTS YR-510 Cost RTS YR-510 Cost RTS YR-510 Cost RTS YR-510 Cost

Water Flooding Cost

2 1 M o n t h s

0

M o n t h s

Revenue from Oil Prduction YR-74 WellCase 1: With D.T.S.

Water Flooding Cost

DTS Cost for YR-512 Well

DTS Cost for YR-510 Well

↓-U$ 260,410



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Benefits of the DTS-FOS in waterflooding : monitor connectivity,optimize injection rates, breakthrough water, contribution zones,monitor leaks , detect crossflow,

Producer well: Hot spuds

Injector well: Vibration

The main economic beneficial implementation of DTS-FOS system isproducing wells

The suitable information cannot capitalize on economic benefits butcorrective and control measures



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Conceptual Study and Evaluation of the DTS-Fiber-Optic System as