ConcepTest 5.1a Magnetic Force I a) out of the page b) into the page c) downwards d) to the right e) to the left A positive charge enters a uniform magnetic

ConcepTest 5.1a ConcepTest 5.1a Magnetic Force IMagnetic Force I

a) out of the pagea) out of the page

b) into the pageb) into the page

c) downwardsc) downwards

d) to the rightd) to the right

e) to the lefte) to the left

A positive charge enters a A positive charge enters a

uniform magnetic field as uniform magnetic field as

shown. What is the direction shown. What is the direction

of the magnetic force?of the magnetic force?

x x x x x x x x x x x x


x x x x x xx x x x x x

vv

qq

Using the right-hand rule, you can

see that the magnetic force is

directed to the leftto the left. Remember

that the magnetic force must be

perpendicularperpendicular to to BOTHBOTH the the BB field field

and the velocityand the velocity.

ConcepTest 5.1a ConcepTest 5.1a Magnetic Force IMagnetic Force I












x x x x x xx x x x x x

vv

qqFF




d) upwardsd) upwards




x x x x x xx x x x x xvvqq

ConcepTest 5.1b ConcepTest 5.1b Magnetic Force IIMagnetic Force II







directed upwardsupwards. Remember







d) upwardsd) upwards




x x x x x xx x x x x xvvqq

FF

ConcepTest 5.1b ConcepTest 5.1b Magnetic Force IIMagnetic Force II







c) zeroc) zero



vv

qq

ConcepTest 5.1c ConcepTest 5.1c Magnetic Force IIIMagnetic Force III







directed into the pageinto the page. Remember






c) zeroc) zero



vv

qqFF

ConcepTest 5.1c ConcepTest 5.1c Magnetic Force IIIMagnetic Force III





vv

qq



c) zeroc) zero



ConcepTest 5.1d ConcepTest 5.1d Magnetic Force IVMagnetic Force IV





The charge is moving parallel to parallel to

the magnetic fieldthe magnetic field, so it does not it does not

experience any magnetic forceexperience any magnetic force.

Remember that the magnetic force

is given by: F = v B sin() .

vv

qq

FF = 0 = 0



c) zeroc) zero



ConcepTest 5.1d ConcepTest 5.1d Magnetic Force IVMagnetic Force IV





ConcepTest 5.2 ConcepTest 5.2 Atomic BeamsAtomic Beams







1

2

34

A beam of atoms enters A beam of atoms enters

a magnetic field region. a magnetic field region.

What path will the What path will the

atoms follow?atoms follow?

Atoms are neutralneutral objects whose net charge is zerozero.

Thus they do not experience a magnetic force.

ConcepTest 5.2 ConcepTest 5.2 Atomic BeamsAtomic Beams







1

2

34

A beam of atoms enters A beam of atoms enters

a magnetic field region. a magnetic field region.

What path will the What path will the

atoms follow?atoms follow?

Follow-up:Follow-up: What charge would follow path #3? What about path #1? What charge would follow path #3? What about path #1?

ConcepTest 5.3 ConcepTest 5.3 Magnetic FieldMagnetic Field

xx

yy

A proton beam enters into a A proton beam enters into a

magnetic field region as shown magnetic field region as shown

below. What is the direction below. What is the direction

of the magnetic field of the magnetic field BB? ?

a) + a) + yy

b) b) –– yy

c) +c) + x x

d) + d) + zz (out of page) (out of page)

e) e) –– zz (into page) (into page)

The picture shows the force acting

in the ++yy direction direction. Applying the

right-hand rule leads to a B field

that points into the pageinto the page. The B

field must be out of the planeout of the plane

because B B v v and B B F F.

ConcepTest 5.3 ConcepTest 5.3 Magnetic FieldMagnetic Field

xx

yy

A proton beam enters into a A proton beam enters into a

magnetic field region as shown magnetic field region as shown

below. What is the direction below. What is the direction

of the magnetic field of the magnetic field BB? ?

a) + a) + yy

b) b) –– yy

c) + c) + xx

d) + d) + zz (out of page) (out of page)

e) e) –– zz (into page) (into page)

Follow-up:Follow-up: What would happen to a beam of atoms? What would happen to a beam of atoms?

ConcepTest 5.4a ConcepTest 5.4a Mass Spectrometer IMass Spectrometer I

Two particles of the Two particles of the same masssame mass

enter a magnetic field with the enter a magnetic field with the

same speedsame speed and follow the paths and follow the paths

shown. Which particle has the shown. Which particle has the

bigger chargebigger charge? ?

c) both charges are equal

d) impossible to tell from the picture

The relevant equation for us is:

According to this equation, the

bigger the charge, the smaller the radius.

ConcepTest 5.4a ConcepTest 5.4a Mass Spectrometer IMass Spectrometer I

qB

mvR

Two particles of the Two particles of the same masssame mass

enter a magnetic field with the enter a magnetic field with the

same speedsame speed and follow the paths and follow the paths

shown. Which particle has the shown. Which particle has the

bigger chargebigger charge? ?

c) both charges are equal

d) impossible to tell from the picture

Follow-up:Follow-up: What is the sign of the charges in the picture? What is the sign of the charges in the picture?

a) it increasesa) it increases

b) it decreasesb) it decreases

c) it stays the samec) it stays the same

d) depends on the velocity directiond) depends on the velocity direction

e) depends on the e) depends on the BB field direction field direction

A proton enters a uniform A proton enters a uniform

magnetic field that is magnetic field that is

perpendicular to the perpendicular to the

proton’s velocity. What proton’s velocity. What

happens to the happens to the kinetic kinetic

energyenergy of the proton? of the proton?






ConcepTest 5.4b ConcepTest 5.4b Mass Spectrometer IIMass Spectrometer II

The velocity of the proton

changes directiondirection but the

magnitudemagnitude (speed) doesn’t

change. Thus the kinetic kinetic

energy stays the sameenergy stays the same.

a) it increasesa) it increases

b) it decreasesb) it decreases

c) it stays the samec) it stays the same

d) depends on the velocity directiond) depends on the velocity direction

e) depends on the e) depends on the BB field direction field direction

A proton enters a uniform A proton enters a uniform

magnetic field that is magnetic field that is

perpendicular to the perpendicular to the

proton’s velocity. What proton’s velocity. What

happens to the happens to the kinetic kinetic

energyenergy of the proton? of the proton?






ConcepTest 5.4b ConcepTest 5.4b Mass Spectrometer IIMass Spectrometer II

ConcepTest 5.5 ConcepTest 5.5 Velocity SelectorVelocity Selector

What direction would a What direction would a BB field field

have to point for a beam of have to point for a beam of

electronselectrons moving to the right to moving to the right to

go go undeflectedundeflected through a region through a region

where there is a uniform where there is a uniform electric electric

fieldfield pointing vertically upward? pointing vertically upward?

a) up (parallel to a) up (parallel to E E ))

b) down (antiparallel to b) down (antiparallel to E E ))

c) into the pagec) into the page

d) out of the paged) out of the page

e) impossible to accomplishe) impossible to accomplish

electrons

EE

vv

B = ?B = ?

Without a B field, the electrons feel an

electric force downwardsdownwards. In order to

compensate, the magnetic force has to

point upwardsupwards. Using the right-hand

rule and the fact that the electrons are

negatively chargednegatively charged leads to a BB field field

pointing pointing out of the pageout of the page.

ConcepTest 5.5 ConcepTest 5.5 Velocity SelectorVelocity Selector

What direction would a What direction would a BB field field

have to point for a beam of have to point for a beam of

electronselectrons moving to the right to moving to the right to

go go undeflectedundeflected through a region through a region

where there is a uniform where there is a uniform electric electric

fieldfield pointing vertically upward? pointing vertically upward?

a) up (parallel to a) up (parallel to E E ))

b) down (antiparallel to b) down (antiparallel to E E ))

c) into the pagec) into the page

d) out of the paged) out of the page

e) impossible to accomplishe) impossible to accomplish

electrons

EE

vv

B = ?B = ?

ConcepTest 5.6a ConcepTest 5.6a Magnetic Force on a Wire IMagnetic Force on a Wire I

A horizontal wire carries a current A horizontal wire carries a current

and is in a vertical magnetic field. and is in a vertical magnetic field.

What is the direction of the force What is the direction of the force

on the wire? on the wire?

a) lefta) left

b) rightb) right

c) zeroc) zero

d) into the paged) into the page

e) out of the pagee) out of the page

B

I

Using the right-hand rule, we

see that the magnetic force

must point out of the pageout of the page.

Since F must be perpendicular

to both I and B, you should

realize that FF cannot be in the cannot be in the

plane of the page at allplane of the page at all.

ConcepTest 5.6a ConcepTest 5.6a Magnetic Force on a Wire IMagnetic Force on a Wire I



What is the direction of the force on What is the direction of the force on

the wire? the wire?

a) lefta) left

b) rightb) right

c) zeroc) zero



B

I

B

I

a) lefta) left

b) rightb) right

c) zeroc) zero



ConcepTest 5.6b ConcepTest 5.6b Magnetic Force on a Wire IIMagnetic Force on a Wire II



What is the direction of the force What is the direction of the force

on the wire? on the wire?

When the current is parallelparallel to

the magnetic field lines, the force

on the wire is zerozero. B

I

a) lefta) left

b) rightb) right

c) zeroc) zero



ConcepTest 5.6b ConcepTest 5.6b Magnetic Force on a Wire IIMagnetic Force on a Wire II



What is the direction of the force on What is the direction of the force on

the wire? the wire?

ConcepTest 5.7a ConcepTest 5.7a Magnetic Force on a Loop IMagnetic Force on a Loop I

BB

xx

zz

yy

A rectangular current loop is A rectangular current loop is

in a uniform magnetic field. in a uniform magnetic field.

What is the direction of the What is the direction of the

net force on the loop? net force on the loop?

a) + a) + xx

b) + b) + yy

c) zeroc) zero

d) - d) - xx

e) - e) - yy

Using the right-hand rule, we find that

each of the four wire segments will

experience a force outwardsoutwards from the

center of the loop. Thus, the forces

of the opposing segments cancel, so

the net force is zerozero.

ConcepTest 5.7a ConcepTest 5.7a Magnetic Force on a Loop IMagnetic Force on a Loop I

BB

xx

zz

yy

A rectangular current loop is A rectangular current loop is

in a uniform magnetic field. in a uniform magnetic field.


net force on the loop? net force on the loop?

a) + a) + xx

b) + b) + yy

c) zeroc) zero

d) - d) - xx

e) - e) - yy

If there is a current in If there is a current in

the loop in the direction the loop in the direction

shown, the loop will:shown, the loop will:

a) move upa) move up

b) move downb) move down

c) rotate clockwisec) rotate clockwise

d) rotate counterclockwised) rotate counterclockwise

e) both rotate and movee) both rotate and move

N S

NS

B field out of NorthB field out of NorthB field into SouthB field into South

ConcepTest 5.7b ConcepTest 5.7b Magnetic Force on a Loop IIMagnetic Force on a Loop II

Look at the North Pole: here the

magnetic field points to the rightright and

the current points out of the pageout of the page.

The right-hand rule says that the force

must point upup. At the south pole, the

same logic leads to a downwarddownward force.

Thus the loop rotates clockwiseclockwise.

N S

F

F

a) move upa) move up

b) move downb) move down

c) rotate clockwisec) rotate clockwise

d) rotate counterclockwised) rotate counterclockwise

e) both rotate and movee) both rotate and move

If there is a current in If there is a current in

the loop in the direction the loop in the direction

shown, the loop will:shown, the loop will:

ConcepTest 5.7b ConcepTest 5.7b Magnetic Force on a Loop IIMagnetic Force on a Loop II

ConcepTest 5.8a ConcepTest 5.8a Magnetic Field of a Wire IMagnetic Field of a Wire I

Pa

b

c

d

If the currents in these wires have

the same magnitude, but opposite

directions, what is the direction of

the magnetic field at point P?

a) direction aa) direction a

b) direction bb) direction b

c) direction cc) direction c

d) direction dd) direction d

e) the e) the BB field is zero field is zero

Using the right-hand rule, we

can sketch the B fields due

to the two currents. Adding Adding

them up as vectorsthem up as vectors gives a

total magnetic field pointing

downwarddownward.

P

a

b

c

d

ConcepTest 5.8a ConcepTest 5.8a Magnetic Field of a Wire IMagnetic Field of a Wire I

If the currents in these wires have

the same magnitude, but opposite

directions, what is the direction of

the magnetic field at point P?

a) direction aa) direction a

b) direction bb) direction b

c) direction cc) direction c

d) direction dd) direction d

e) the e) the BB field is zero field is zero

Each of the wires in the figures below carry the same current, either into or out of the page. In which case is the magnetic field at the center of the square greatest?

a) arrangement aa) arrangement a

b) arrangement bb) arrangement b

c) arrangement cc) arrangement c

d) same for alld) same for all

a b cB=? B=?B=?

ConcepTest 5.8b ConcepTest 5.8b Magnetic Field of a Wire IIMagnetic Field of a Wire II

a b c

ConcepTest 5.8b ConcepTest 5.8b Magnetic Field of a Wire IIMagnetic Field of a Wire II

Each of the wires in the figures below carry the same current, either into or out of the page. In which case is the magnetic field at the center of the square greatest?

a) arrangement aa) arrangement a

b) arrangement bb) arrangement b

c) arrangement cc) arrangement c

d) same for alld) same for all

ConcepTest 5.9a ConcepTest 5.9a Field and Force IField and Force I

z

y

x

I+q

A positive charge moves parallel A positive charge moves parallel

to a wire. If a current is suddenly to a wire. If a current is suddenly

turned on, which direction will the turned on, which direction will the

force act?force act?

a) + a) + zz (out of page) (out of page)

b) - b) - zz (into page) (into page)

c) + c) + xx

d) - d) - xx

e) - e) - yy

Using the right-hand rule to determine the

magnetic field produced by the wire, we

find that at the position of the charge +q

(to the left of the wire) the B field points points

out of the pageout of the page. Applying the right-hand

rule again for the magnetic force on the

charge, we find that +q experiences a

force in the +x direction+x direction.

ConcepTest 5.9a ConcepTest 5.9a Field and Force IField and Force I

z

y

x

I+q

A positive charge moves parallel A positive charge moves parallel

to a wire. If a current is suddenly to a wire. If a current is suddenly

turned on, which direction will the turned on, which direction will the

force act?force act?

a) + a) + zz (out of page) (out of page)

b) - b) - zz (into page) (into page)

c) + c) + xx

d) - d) - xx

e) - e) - yy

Two straight wires run parallel to Two straight wires run parallel to

each other, each carrying a each other, each carrying a

current in the direction shown current in the direction shown

below. The two wires experience below. The two wires experience

a force in which direction?a force in which direction?

a) toward each othera) toward each other

b) away from each otherb) away from each other

c) there is no forcec) there is no force

ConcepTest 5.9b ConcepTest 5.9b Field and Force IIField and Force II

The current in each wire produces a magnetic

field that is felt by the current of the other

wire. Using the right-hand rule, we find that

each wire experiences a force toward the

other wire (i.e., an attractive forceattractive force) when the

currents are parallelcurrents are parallel (as shown).

ConcepTest 5.9b ConcepTest 5.9b Field and Force IIField and Force II

Two straight wires run parallel to Two straight wires run parallel to

each other, each carrying a each other, each carrying a

current in the direction shown current in the direction shown

below. The two wires experience below. The two wires experience

a force in which direction?a force in which direction?

a) toward each othera) toward each other

b) away from each otherb) away from each other

c) there is no forcec) there is no force

Follow-up:Follow-up: What happens when What happens when one of the currents is turned off?one of the currents is turned off?

ConcepTest 5.10 ConcepTest 5.10 Current LoopCurrent Loop

P

I


magnetic field at the center magnetic field at the center

(point P) of the square loop (point P) of the square loop

of current?of current?

a) lefta) left

b) rightb) right

c) zeroc) zero



Use the right-hand rule for each

wire segment to find that each

segment has its B field pointing

out of the pageout of the page at point P.

ConcepTest 5.10 ConcepTest 5.10 Current LoopCurrent Loop

P

I


magnetic field at the center magnetic field at the center

(point P) of the square loop (point P) of the square loop

of current?of current?

a) lefta) left

b) rightb) right

c) zeroc) zero



Documents

ConcepTest 5.1a Magnetic Force I a) out of the page b) into the page c) downwards d) to the right e) to the left A positive charge enters a uniform magnetic