• Concentrations: amount of solute present in a given mass or volume of solution.

• % by Mass – % solute = mass of solute/mass of solution x 100%

• A 10% glucose solution by mass contains 10.0 grams of glucose in 100 grams of solution. (90 grams of water and 10 grams of glucose)

• Molarity = number of moles of solute/number of liters of solution

• If 39.10 grams of potassium were added to 1.0 L of water, what would the molarity of this solution be?

• If approximately 11.5 grams were added to 1.0 liter of water, what would the molarity of this solution be?

Supersaturated Solution

• Ionization: acids or any molecular compound separates in solution to form ions.

• Dissociation: ionic compounds separates into its ions in solution

• Strong Acids: ionize close to 100% into H+ ions. (HCl; HNO3; H2SO4)

• Weak Acids: ionize less than 5% into ions (Acetic Acid)

• Strong (soluble) bases: dissociate completely in aqueous solution (NaOH; LiOH; KOH)

• Weak Bases: ionize slightly in aqueous solutions (NH3)

• Salt: contains a cation (other than H+) and an anion (other than OH-)

• Salts are formed when acids react with bases.