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Lecture 11: Introduction to COMSOL Multiphysics Simulations
Dr. Ryan D. Sochol
ME138/238 Micro/Nano Mechanical Systems Laboratory
Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California, Berkeley
Dr. Ryan D. Sochol Lecture 11: Introduction to COMSOL Multiphysics Simulations March 4, 2013
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Outline • Example: Micropost Arrays
for Cell Mechanics ◦ Uniform Micropost Arrays
to Detect Cellular Traction Forces
• COMSOL Multiphysics v3.5 Demonstration ◦ Micropost Force-Displacement Simulation ◦ Microfluidics Simulations
Dr. Ryan D. Sochol Lecture 11: Introduction to COMSOL Multiphysics Simulations March 4, 2013
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Background • Uniform Micropost Arrays ◦ Cellular Traction Force
Quantification
J.L. Tan, J. Tien, D.M. Pirone, D.S. Gray, K. Bhadriraju & C.S. Chen, PNAS (2003).
Dr. Ryan D. Sochol Lecture 11: Introduction to COMSOL Multiphysics Simulations March 4, 2013
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Introduction
10 µm
• Uniform Micropost Arrays ◦ Cellular Traction Force
Quantification
J.L. Tan et al., PNAS (2003). (Images) R.D. Sochol, S. Li, L. Lin et al., Soft Matter (2011).
Micropost Stiffness
Dr. Ryan D. Sochol Lecture 11: Introduction to COMSOL Multiphysics Simulations March 4, 2013
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Micropost Arrays to Direct Stem Cell Fate
Jianping Fu, Y.-K. Wang, M.T. Yang, R.A. Desai, X. Yu, Z. Liu & Christopher S. Chen, Nature Methods (2010).
Dr. Ryan D. Sochol Lecture 11: Introduction to COMSOL Multiphysics Simulations March 4, 2013
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Micropost Arrays to Direct Stem Cell Fate
EXAMPLE for COMSOL
Jianping Fu, Y.-K. Wang, M.T. Yang, R.A. Desai, X. Yu, Z. Liu & Christopher S. Chen, Nature Methods (2010).
Dr. Ryan D. Sochol Lecture 11: Introduction to COMSOL Multiphysics Simulations March 4, 2013
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COMSOL Multiphysics v3.5 Demonstration • Determine the Type of Model
Dr. Ryan D. Sochol Lecture 11: Introduction to COMSOL Multiphysics Simulations March 4, 2013
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COMSOL Multiphysics v3.5 Demonstration • Determine the Type of Model
Dr. Ryan D. Sochol Lecture 11: Introduction to COMSOL Multiphysics Simulations March 4, 2013
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COMSOL Multiphysics v3.5 Demonstration • Build a Cylinder
Dr. Ryan D. Sochol Lecture 11: Introduction to COMSOL Multiphysics Simulations March 4, 2013
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COMSOL Multiphysics v3.5 Demonstration • Build a Cylinder
Dr. Ryan D. Sochol Lecture 11: Introduction to COMSOL Multiphysics Simulations March 4, 2013
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COMSOL Multiphysics v3.5 Demonstration • Input the “Subdomain Settings” of the Material
Note: These are material properties the authors used for PDMS; however, ν = 0.499 was used instead of ν = 0.5 to avoid crashing COMSOL
Dr. Ryan D. Sochol Lecture 11: Introduction to COMSOL Multiphysics Simulations March 4, 2013
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COMSOL Multiphysics v3.5 Demonstration • Input the “Boundary Settings” (e.g., constraint)
Dr. Ryan D. Sochol Lecture 11: Introduction to COMSOL Multiphysics Simulations March 4, 2013
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COMSOL Multiphysics v3.5 Demonstration • Input the “Boundary Settings” (e.g., load)
Note: 20 nN distributed over a face with Diameter = 2 µm is ~6.4x103 N/m2
Dr. Ryan D. Sochol Lecture 11: Introduction to COMSOL Multiphysics Simulations March 4, 2013
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COMSOL Multiphysics v3.5 Demonstration • Create a “Mesh”
Note: The type and size of mesh can influence the final solution. Overall, higher mesh sizes are better, but increase solution times.
Dr. Ryan D. Sochol Lecture 11: Introduction to COMSOL Multiphysics Simulations March 4, 2013
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COMSOL Multiphysics v3.5 Demonstration • Click “Solve Problem”
Dr. Ryan D. Sochol Lecture 11: Introduction to COMSOL Multiphysics Simulations March 4, 2013
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COMSOL Multiphysics v3.5 Demonstration • More Meshed “Elements” = Longer “Solution Time”
Note: More Meshed Elements = Higher Accuracy; Balance Time vs. Accuracy
Dr. Ryan D. Sochol Lecture 11: Introduction to COMSOL Multiphysics Simulations March 4, 2013
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COMSOL Multiphysics v3.5 Demonstration • Input the “Plot Parameters” (under “Postprocessing”)
Note: The initial “Plot Parameters” are rarely ideal.
Dr. Ryan D. Sochol Lecture 11: Introduction to COMSOL Multiphysics Simulations March 4, 2013
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COMSOL Multiphysics v3.5 Demonstration • Input the “Plot Parameters” (under “Postprocessing”)
The deformed shape can be plotted. Note: The scale factor can be set to “1” to see the ‘exact’ deformation.
Dr. Ryan D. Sochol Lecture 11: Introduction to COMSOL Multiphysics Simulations March 4, 2013
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COMSOL Multiphysics v3.5 Demonstration • Input the “Plot Parameters” (under “Postprocessing”)
The number of ‘Slices’ can be increased. A variety of properties can be plotted. Note: Too many ‘Slices’ can cause COMSOL to crash.
Dr. Ryan D. Sochol Lecture 11: Introduction to COMSOL Multiphysics Simulations March 4, 2013
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COMSOL Multiphysics v3.5 Demonstration • Input the “Plot Parameters” (under “Postprocessing”)
Finally, we have a plot similar to Fig. 1a in the Nature Methods paper.
Dr. Ryan D. Sochol Lecture 11: Introduction to COMSOL Multiphysics Simulations March 4, 2013
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COMSOL Multiphysics v3.5 Demonstration • Problem? 0.3 MPa or 0.3 Pa?
Dr. Ryan D. Sochol Lecture 11: Introduction to COMSOL Multiphysics Simulations March 4, 2013
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COMSOL Multiphysics Simulations • Complex Microstructures
Displacement Fields (μm); Load = 50 nN
R.D. Sochol, S. Li, L. Lin, S. Takeuchi et al., IEEE MEMS 2013.
Dr. Ryan D. Sochol Lecture 11: Introduction to COMSOL Multiphysics Simulations March 4, 2013
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Additional COMSOL Simulation Examples • Microfluidic Simulations
Arrayed Microposts Reagent 1
Reagent 2
Ryan D. Sochol, S. Li, L.P. Lee & Liwei Lin, Lab on a Chip (2012).
Dr. Ryan D. Sochol Lecture 11: Introduction to COMSOL Multiphysics Simulations March 4, 2013
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α
FAILURE
Additional COMSOL Simulation Examples • Microfluidic Simulations
Dr. Ryan D. Sochol Lecture 11: Introduction to COMSOL Multiphysics Simulations March 4, 2013
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Additional COMSOL Simulation Examples • Microfluidic Simulations
Ryan D. Sochol, S. Li, L.P. Lee & Liwei Lin, Lab on a Chip (2012).
Dr. Ryan D. Sochol Lecture 11: Introduction to COMSOL Multiphysics Simulations March 4, 2013
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Additional COMSOL Simulation Examples • Microfluidic Simulations
Ryan D. Sochol, S. Li, L.P. Lee & Liwei Lin, Lab on a Chip (2012).
Dr. Ryan D. Sochol Lecture 11: Introduction to COMSOL Multiphysics Simulations March 4, 2013
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Additional COMSOL Simulation Examples • Microfluidic Simulations
Bead Releases to Promote Fluid Flow
Pressure Drop Fluidic Resistance
Ryan D. Sochol, Luke P. Lee, Liwei Lin et al., IEEE MEMS 2012.