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Computers in Your Life Today
Are You Ready to Become Wired and Unwired?
Chapter 1
©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies
Student Learning Outcomes
1. Define a computer and describe the two major components of hardware and software.
2. Describe the two categories within computer software.
3. Describe the six categories within computer hardware.
©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies
Student Learning Outcomes
4. Describe various personal technology alternatives to notebook and desktop computers.
5. Discuss your ethical role while using technology.
©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies
Introduction
Technology is dynamic and always changing.
The key to technology lies in your ability to use it to be productive.
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Five Questions Related to Productivity
• What can I now do with technology that will make me more efficient and effective in work and life?
• How am I better prepared now to make a computer purchasing decision?
• How much more do I now understand about aspects of technology respecting ethics, security, and privacy?
• What can I now envision of the future uses of technology?
• How can I continue to learn about technology once my class ends?
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1.1 The Productivity of Technology
• Graphical User Interface (GUI)– Buttons– Icons
• The Windows desktop is an example of a GUI
SimNet Concepts Support CD: “The World of Windows” and “Presentation Applications”
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Windows Desktop: Graphical User Interface
Icons
Start Button
p. 1.05 Fig. 1-1
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1.2 Computing Basics
• Technology is a broad term that includes all electronic devices - cell phones, VCRs, ATMs, electronic ignition system in a car, and computers
• A computer (or computer system) is a set of tools that helps you perform information-processing tasks
SimNet Concepts Support CD: “Introduction to a Personal Computer System”
©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies
Computer Ad
p. 1.09 Fig. 1-4
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Computer Hardware & Software
• What are the major components of my computer?
–Software is the set of instructions that your computer hardware executes to process information for you
–Hardware consists of the physical devices that make up your computer system
SimNet Concepts Support CD: “Introduction to Software”
©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies
Two Major Categories of Software
System Software the software that determines how your computer carries out technology-specific and essential tasks such as writing to a disk, starting your Web browser software so you can surf the Web, and sending a document to your printer.
Application Software the software that allows you to perform specific information-processing tasks such as managing inventory, paying accounts payable, handling payroll, writing a term paper, or creating slides for presentations.
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System Software
• Allows your computer to carry out technology-specific tasks
• Enables your computer devices to "speak"
• Examples– Windows 98, Windows ME,
Windows 2000 Pro, Windows NT Workstation, Windows XP Pro & Home
– Mac OS– Linux
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Application Software
• Performs specific tasks such as…– Writing a term paper– Surfing the Web– Keeping a home budget
• Examples– Microsoft Office Suite– Corel Office Suite– Netscape Navigator
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Excel Spreadsheet: Application Software
p. 1.10 Fig. 1-5
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Six Categories of Computer Hardware
Storage devices for storing information
Telecommunications devices for
communicating information
Input devices for capturing
information
Output devices for presenting
information
CPU and RAM for creating new information
Connecting devices for moving
information to and from your various
hardware
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Input Devices for Capturing Information
• An input device captures information and translates it into a form that can be processed and used by other parts of your computer
• Scanner• Internet video camera• Keyboard• Mouse• Joystick
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Output Devices for Presenting Information
• An output device takes information within your computer and presents it to you in a form that you can understand
• Monitors• Speakers• Printers
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CPU and RAM for Creating New Information
• Central Processing Unit (CPU or processor) is the chip that carries out instructions it receives from your software
• Random Access Memory (RAM) is temporary memory that holds software instructions and information for the CPU
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Storage Devices for Storing Information
• A storage device stores information so you can recall and use that information at a later time
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Telecommunications Devices for Communicating Information
• Telecommunications devices help you communicate information to people in other locations
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Connecting Devices for Moving Information
• Connecting devices enable information to move around all your hardware
Serial Ports
Connector
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Computers for Personal Use
• Personal Digital Assistants small hand-held computers that help you perform simple tasks i.e., note taking, maintaining a calendar, address book, appointment book, and perhaps surf the Web
• Notebook (laptop computer) small, portable,fully functional battery-powered computer designed for you to carry around with you
• Desktop computers most popular choice for personal computing needs
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Computers That Support Organizations
• Minicomputers
• Mainframes
• Supercomputers
p. 1.14 Fig. 1-13
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1.3 Computing Productivity
• Computing without a PC: PDAs, Tablet PC, smart phones, and wrist watches
• Computing with the World: Web, Internet• Computing without E-Mail: Chat room,
Instant messaging, Short Messaging Service (SMS), Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS)
• Computing without Wires: WiFi and Bluetooth
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Computing Without a PC
• Tablet PC • Smart phone• Wrist watches
p. 1.16 Fig. 1-14
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Computing with the World
• Web site is a specific location on the Web that you can visit electronically to gather information and perhaps order products and request services
• Web site address– Unique name that identifies a Web site– Site address (Example – finaid.com)
• Hyperlink clickable text or an image that allows you to move from one Web site to another or move to different places within the same Web site
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Web site for FinAid.com
p. 1.17 Fig. 1-15
SimNet Concepts Support CD: “Introduction to The Internet and the World Wide Web”
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Communicating with Others
Communication on the Web
Multimedia Messaging Service(MMS)
Short Messaging Service(SMS)
Instant Messaging
Chat Room
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Communicating with E-Mail
• E-mail (electronic mail) is software used to electronically communicate with other people
• Messages reside in your e-mail box (asynchronous) until you open and read them
• E-mail has enabled people all over the world to communicate
SimNet Concepts Support CD: “Using the Internet to Communicate”
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Instantaneous Communication
Instant messaging – is a private versin of a chat room in which you communicate only with people you choose. Example: AOL’s Instant Messenger
Chat room – is a virtual meeting place on the Web in which you can communicate live with people who happen to be on the Web and in the same chat room at the same time. Example: MSN Chat
Short Messaging Service (SMS)– is a technology that enables you to send a text message, usually from your cell phone to the cell phone of another person.
Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) – is a technology upgrade to SMS, giving you the ability to send messages containing not only text but also sounds, images, and video, usually from your cell phone to the cell phone of another person.
©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies
Computing Without Wires• WiFi
– Standard for transmitting information in the form of radio waves over distances of up to 300 feet
– Formerly known as IEEE 802.11b– Often used for notebooks and wireless
access to networks
• Bluetooth – is a standard for transmitting information
in the form of short-range waves over distances of up to 30 feet
– provides entirely wireless connections for all kinds of communications devices
SimNet Concepts Support CD: “Wireless Communications”p. 1.20 Fig. 1-17
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Computing with Your Career in Mind
• How can technology help me in my career?
Making you valuable in many non-IT fields
Making you valuable in many non-IT fields
Offering you a wide variety of careers in the IT field itself
Offering you a wide variety of careers in the IT field itself
Helping you to advertise yourself to potential employers
Helping you to advertise yourself to potential employers
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Computing Skills Required for Any Career
Word Processing Software Spreadsheet Presentation Software
E-mail Software DBMS Software
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Using Technology to Find a Job
• Electronic job market makes use of the Internet to recruit employees and is growing by leaps and bounds
• E-portfolio a personal Web site that contains your e-resume and a gallery of important projects you’ve completed, papers you’ve written, presentations you’ve made, references, and other types of valuable information
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Electronic Job Market Web Site:Monster.com
p. 1.22 Fig. 1-19
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Posting Jobs and Recruiting Potential Employees via the Internet
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Choosing a Technology CareerDatabase
Administrator (DBA)
Database Analyst
/Programmer
Programmer
Web-gineer
Chief Information
Officer (CIO)
Analyst Network Administrator
Chief privacy Officer
SimNet Concepts Support CD: “Careers”
©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies
The Ethical Use of Computers
• Ethics– Set of principles and standards– Used in deciding what to do in situations that
affect other people– May be socially given standards– May be principles that are very personal to
you
• Ethics differ from laws
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Unethical Behaviors
• Hackers people who use their computers and the Web to break into other computers
• Computer virus a piece of software designed intentionally to cause annoyance or damage
• Identity theft the impersonation by a thief of someone with good credit
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Using Computers for the Right Reasons
• Always use your computer ethically
• Ethical behavior is essential in our society
Is it unethical to forward an e-mail message without the author's permission?
SimNet Concepts Support CD: “Privacy Issues” and “Security Issues”
©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies
©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies
1.4 Consumer Q&A
1. Should I Buy a Desktop or a Notebook Computer?
2. Won’t My Computer Be Obsolete Just as Soon as I Buy it?
3. Should I Consider Mail Order or Purchasing Locally?
4. Can I Expand My Computer after I Buy It?
©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies
1.5 Key Terms
• Application software• Bluetooth• Central processing
unit (CPU or processor)
• Chat room• Connecting devices• Desktop computer• Ethics
• Input device• Instant messaging• Mainframe computer• Minicomputer• Multimedia Messaging
Service (MMS)• Notebook computer• Output device
©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies
1.5 Key Terms
• Personal digital assistant (PDA)
• Random access memory (RAM)
• Short Messaging Service (SMS)
• Smart phone• Storage device
• Supercomputer• System software• Tablet PC• Telecommunications
device• WiFi
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Review of Concepts
1. Creating a Hierarchy of Computer Components Can you organize hardware and software?
2. Comparing Types of Computers and Modes of Transportation What is analogous to roller blades?
3. Reading Forward This isn’t fiction, so reading the end won’t ruin the rest
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Review of Concepts
4. Comparing Computer Components and the Human Anatomy
Your blood vessels are similar to what computer component?
5. Understanding Your Ethics If you find a quarter in a pay phone, is it
yours to keep?
©2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies
Hands On ProjectsE-Commerce
1. Participating in a Chat Room Why should you use a nickname in a chat
room?
2. Finding an Internship Your career success may depend on it
3. Finding a Job Gain access to thousands of employers
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Hands On ProjectsEthics, Security & Privacy
1. Proposed Laws Concerning Cell Phone Use
Do you talk and drive?
2. Ethical E-Mail Receive offensive e-mail – get $2 million
3. Your Personal Ethics She’s met the man of her dreams, but she
may be seeing another man on the side
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Hands On Projectson the Web
1. Finding Information on the Web with Google
2. Consumer Rights on the Web
3. Listening to Radio Stations
4. Finding Friends and Family
5. Exploring Yahoo!
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Hands On ProjectsGroup Activities
1. Evaluating Tablet PCs
2. Researching PDA/Cell Phones
3. Reviewing Computer Systems
4. Desktops and Notebooks
5. Starting Your Career Search
