Computer Remediation

Study Notes

Mrs. Blalock

Topics to be covered:

TelecommunicationsEthics/Societal IssuesSoftwareDatabases, Spreadsheets, & Word

Processing

Telecommunications: sending data electronically across

distances using all forms of communication

In order to telecommunicate you must have:

1. COMPUTER

2. MODEM

3. PHONE LINE

4. COMMUNICATION SOFTWARE/PROGRAM

The types of information that can be telecommunicated:

FILES PROGRAMS DATA TEXT

MUSIC SOUND CLIP ART GRAPHICS

What is a modem?

A device that allows the computer to send signals (1s & 0s) over a telephone line

EXAMPLE: The modem is the device on the back of your computer where you plug in the phone line. It connects your computer to a telephone line so that you can communicate in the form of 1s and 0s to another computer. 1s are “on” and 0s are “off” – like a bunch of little switches

What is baud rate?The speed that data is transmittedEXAMPLE: Most new computers have

a 56k Modem (56k = 56 kilobits per second) & 14400 bps = 14400 bits per second

What is Uploading?When you send a file from one

computer to anotherEXAMPLE: I design a web page on my

computer and save it on a disk or the hard drive. In order for the page to be on the internet I have to upload that file to a server computer (in other words I send the file to another computer)

What is Downloading?When you receive a file from another

computerEXAMPLE: You go to a website like

Real Player and download their program so that you can hear music on certain websites (in other words you receive the file {Real Player} from another computer)

What does on-line mean? It means that your computer is

electronically connected through the use of a phone line and a modem.

What does log-in mean? It means that you are connected

electronically with a computer system by entering your name and a password.

What does log-off mean? It means that you are disconnected

electronically with a computer system.

What is an Electronic Bulletin Board System? It is a place on the network where public

messages can be left – one message can reach all users.

What is the Information Highway? The information highway is information

networks of data that are available when you go on-line.

What is Electronic Mail or email? Email is private messages that are sent

over a computer network.

What is a Global Village? A global village is people around the

world joined together through electronic communication.

What is cyberspace? Cyberspace is being on-line through the

computer.

What is ASCII Code? Information that has been changed to

1s and 0s.Also known as Binary Code

What is ROM? Read-Only Memory – Instructions built

into the computer, that tells the computer how to operate once it is booted-up or turned on.

What is the ALU? Arithmetic Logic Unit – the ALU does all

the math processing and all the logic processing. (located inside the computer)

ETHICSConforming to the accepted

professional standards of conductWhat is right and wrong using

computers (morals)

Three Main Concerns

1. SOFTWARE PIRACY

2. HACKING AND SPREADING VIRUSES

3. PRIVACY CONCERNS

Software Piracy Illegally copying and distributing

software

LicenseThe instructions telling you exactly what

you are allowed to do as far as copying and loading software on machines

Public DomainPrograms that are donated to be

shared, copied, and used without charge (not copyrighted)

FreewareA copyrighted program that you do not

have to pay for (Netscape, Internet Explorer, AOL Instant Messenger)

SharewarePrograms like public domain, but you

have to pay for them (after 30 days, or sometimes you don’t get the entire program until you pay for it) -- games CD-ROMS that you get at Media Play with 150 games for $9.99

Commercial SoftwareSoftware that must be purchased

(Word, Printshop, Quake)

SPASoftware Publishers AssociationThese are the people who come after

you if you illegally copy software or break the copyright rules

Intellectual Property Ideas put into action, like writing, music,

art, and computer programs

Hacking/HackersA computer user who enjoys tinkering

with computers, or who intentionally accesses a computer system without permission to do so

Computer VirusesA destructive computer program that

can make your computer perform incorrectly

WORMS, BOMBS, TROJAN HORSES

Privacy ConcernsPublic Data – Information that is

available ethically to any user (phone numbers, addresses, etc)

Private Data – Information that is confidential and only ethically available to selected individuals (credit card #s, social security numbers, email)

Operating SystemProgram that gives the computer

instructions on how to handle tasks necessary to do work

System SoftwarePrograms that are used to organize and

run the insides of the computer and allow you to format disks, copy disks, etc.

Application SoftwarePrograms that allow a computer to do

specific jobs like word processing, databases, and spreadsheets (MS OFFICE – Word, Excel, Access, Publisher)

Programming Language SoftwareSoftware that allows the user to write

applications software (Visual Basic, C++, J++)

ARE THE FOLLOWING SITUATIONS ETHICAL?

Your new computer comes with Microsoft Office 2000 already installed on it. Included in your box of software is the CD-ROM that you use to install Microsoft Office. Your best friend just bought a computer about a year ago and his doesn’t have Office 2000. He really needs it so you can work on a project together at home so you let him borrow the CD to install it on his computer.

You bought a game at Wal-Mart and have installed it on your home computer. You bring it to school and install it on one of the computers in the media center that no one ever uses.

A school buys 10 site licenses for a SAT review program. They install it on 10 different computers.

A school buys 25 site licenses for a Graphing program. They install it on 27 different computers.

Your teacher left her Integrade disk in the computer that you usually work at. She didn’t password protect her grades so when you clicked on Integrade it opened up to your class. You look at all the grades for the class and even correct a mistake she made; this is ok, after all she didn’t password it.

You want to check your email so you go to the media center to check it. The person who used the computer before you forgot to logout of their email account. You need to email your friend at another school so you just use their account since it was already open. You also read the emails that are in the inbox.

You are surfing the internet for some information on a company. While at their website you discover that you can enter into a private page where credit card numbers are stored. Well, since you can get into the page it’s ok to write down the numbers and use them.

You are creating a personal web page. You really like the Washington Redskins so you go out to their website and get their logo. It is okay to put this graphic on your web page without their permission.

You are creating a project to be posted on the internet. The project is on Disney movies. You email Disney and get permission to use one of their graphics on your project.

It is okay to send a chain letter, after all they’re just for fun.

Basic SoftwareWord Processing: Word, Microsoft

Works Word Processor Used to type letters, papers, etc.

Spreadsheets: Excel, Microsoft Works Spreadsheet Used to calculate (do math) grades,

supplies, prices, etc.

Basic Software Database: Access, Microsoft Works

Database Used to hold information about a collection of

things; like a file cabinet with folders in it

Desktop Publishing: Publisher, Print Shop, Printmaster, etc. Just a fancy word processor Used to make certificates, awards, posters, cards,

etc.

Presentation Software: PowerPoint Used to present information to a group (this is an

example)

Word Processing TermsCharacter: any letter, number, or

symbol typed on the keyboardWord Wrap: letting the computer

decide where to end a line (don’t have to push enter at the end of each line)

Font: style of writing/typing Insert: to add new text into existing textDelete: to remove or erase

Spreadsheet TermsRow: a side by side horizontal

arrangement of boxesColumn: an up and down vertical

arrangement of boxesCell: the box formed where a row and a

column intersectData Entry Bar: the bar at the top of the

spreadsheet used to enter data into the selected cell

Spreadsheet TermsGrid: a blank setup of rows and

columns in a spreadsheet for data to be entered

Database Terms File: all the records in a database Record: all the information about one item in

a database (row) Field Name: categories of information for

each record (column) Entry: the information typed in for each field Ascending: Lowest to Highest (A-Z) Descending: Highest to Lowest (Z-A) Connectors: “and” and “or”; used with filters