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Computer Programming
in C++
黃鐘揚 教授Prof. Chung-Yang (Ric) Huang
Department of Electrical Engineering
National Taiwan University2007/06/26
06/27/07Chung-Yang (Ric) Huang [email protected] +886-2-3366-3644 2
Course Info 8 Meetings, 3 hours each Text Book
C++ How to Program, 5e, Deitel & Deitel Grading
1-2 homeworks (TBD) 1 final exam or project
Contact EE-II 444 02-3366-3644 [email protected]
TA: 葉護熺 [email protected]
06/27/07Chung-Yang (Ric) Huang [email protected] +886-2-3366-3644 3
Course Outline1. Introduction to Computers, the Internet
and WWW2. Intro to C++ Programming3. Intro to Classes and Objects4. Control Statements: Part I5. Control Statements: Part II6. Functions and an Intro to Recursion7. Array and Vectors8. Pointers and Pointer-Based Strings
06/27/07Chung-Yang (Ric) Huang [email protected] +886-2-3366-3644 4
Course Outline
9. Classes: A Deeper Look, Part I10. Classes: A Deeper Look, Part II11. Operator Overloading: String and Array
Objects12. Object-Oriented Programming: Inheritance13. Object-Oriented Programming:
Polymorphism14. Templates15. Stream I/O16. Exception Handling
06/27/07Chung-Yang (Ric) Huang [email protected] +886-2-3366-3644 5
Course Outline
17. File Processing18. Class string and String Stream
Processing19. Web Programming20. Searching and Sorting21. Data Structures22. Standard Template Library (STL)23. Other Topics
06/27/07Chung-Yang (Ric) Huang [email protected] +886-2-3366-3644 6
Components in C++
1. Keyword2. Function3. Variable (object)4. Data type5. Name space6. Comments
06/27/07Chung-Yang (Ric) Huang [email protected] +886-2-3366-3644 7
Components in C++1. Keyword
Procedure control (e.g. if, else, for, while, do, break, continue, return, using, try,
throw, catch…) Symbols
(e.g. { }, ( ), &, |, ^, &&, ||, ~, !, *, ->, >, <, =, ==, !=, +, -, *, /, %, ++, --, >>, <<, “”, ‘’, \, ,…)
Type declaration (e.g. class, struct, union, public, protected, private, virtual…)
Attribute (e.g. const, static…) Constant (e.g. 1, 23, 456, 0xff08, true, false, string “xxxx”,
….) Predefined types
(e.g. int, char, unsigned, short int, long int, float, double…) Preprocessor deritives (e.g. #include, #ifdef,…)
06/27/07Chung-Yang (Ric) Huang [email protected] +886-2-3366-3644 8
Components in C++
2. Function main From standard library (e.g. exit, printf…) User defined
3. Variable (object) From standard library (e.g. cout, cin…) User defined
06/27/07Chung-Yang (Ric) Huang [email protected] +886-2-3366-3644 9
Components in C++4. Data type
Predefined types (also treated as keywaords) From standard library
(e.g. iostream, fstream, vector<T>…) User defined
5. Name space std User defined
6. Comments Single-line (started with // ) Multiple-line (enclosed by /* */)
06/27/07Chung-Yang (Ric) Huang [email protected] +886-2-3366-3644 10
Practice Prog-2.1 Write a program… just use cin and
cout> Enter the first score : 80
> Enter the second score: 90
> Enter the thrid score : 85
------------------------------
> The average is : 85
06/27/07Chung-Yang (Ric) Huang [email protected] +886-2-3366-3644 11
Practice Prog-2.2 Follow Prog-2.1> Enter the first name : Sam> Enter the first score : 80> Enter the second name : Claire> Enter the second score: 90------------------------------> Sam’s score is 80> Claire’s score is 90
06/27/07Chung-Yang (Ric) Huang [email protected] +886-2-3366-3644 12
Practice Prog-2.3 Continued from Prog-2.2. However,
check if the entered score is between 0 and 100. If not issue an error message as follows:
> Enter the first score : -30
Error: “-30” is not a legal score !!
13
2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
1.1 Introduction 1.2 What Is a Computer?1.3 Computer Organization 1.4 Early Operating Systems 1.5 Personal, Distributed and Client/Server Computing1.6 The Internet and the World Wide Web1.7 Machine Languages, Assembly Languages and High-Level Languages1.8 History of C and C++1.9 C++ Standard Library1.10 History of Java1.11 FORTRAN, COBOL, Pascal and Ada1.12 Basic, Visual Basic, Visual C++, C# and .NET1.13 Key Software Trend: Object Technology1.14 Typical C++ Development Environment1.15 Notes About C++ and C++ How to Program, 5/e1.16 Test-Driving a C++ Application
1.17 Software Engineering Case Study: Introduction to Object Technology and the UML (Required)
1.18 Wrap-Up1.19 Web Resources
14
2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
2.1 Introduction
2.2 First Program in C++: Printing a Line of Text
2.3 Modifying Our First C++ Program
2.4 Another C++ Program: Adding Integers
2.5 Memory Concepts
2.6 Arithmetic
2.7 Decision Making: Equality and Relational Operators
2.8 (Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Examining the ATM Requirements Document
2.9 Wrap-Up
15
2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Classes, Objects, Member Functions and Data Members
3.3 Overview of the Chapter Examples
3.4 Defining a Class with a Member Function
3.5 Defining a Member Function with a Parameter
3.6 Data Members, set Functions and get Functions
3.7 Initializing Objects with Constructors
3.8 Placing a Class in a Separate File for Reusability
3.9 Separating Interface from Implementation
3.10 Validating Data with set Functions
3.11 (Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Identifying the Classes in the ATM Requirements Document
3.12 Wrap-Up
16
2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Algorithms
4.3 Pseudocode
4.4 Control Structures
4.5 if Selection Statement
4.6 if...else Double-Selection Statement
4.7 while Repetition Statement
4.8 Formulating Algorithms: Counter-Controlled Repetition
4.9 Formulating Algorithms: Sentinel-Controlled Repetition
4.10 Formulating Algorithms: Nested Control Statements
4.11 Assignment Operators
4.12 Increment and Decrement Operators
4.13 (Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Identifying Class Attributes in the ATM System
4.14 Wrap-Up
17
2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Essentials of Counter-Controlled Repetition
5.3 for Repetition Statement
5.4 Examples Using the for Statement
5.5 do…while Repetition Statement
5.6 switch Multiple-Selection Statement
5.7 break and continue Statements
5.8 Logical Operators
5.9 Confusing Equality (==) and Assignment (=) Operators
5.10 Structured Programming Summary
5.11 (Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Identifying Objects’ States and Activities in the ATM System
5.12 Wrap-Up
06/27/07Chung-Yang (Ric) Huang [email protected] +886-2-3366-3644 18
Practice Prog-3.1 Similar to Prog-2.1, but create a class
called “Student” and store the scores and average as its data members. Use member functions to set and get.
> Enter the first score : 80
> Enter the second score: 90
> Enter the third score : 85
------------------------------
> The average is : 85
06/27/07Chung-Yang (Ric) Huang [email protected] +886-2-3366-3644 19
Practice Prog-4.1 Guess Number:> Enter the range [1 ~ ?]: 100 > Please guess a number: 50> => Too small!!> Please guess a number: 75> => Too large!!> Please guess a number: 63> => You are right!!> Play again? (Y/N) N> *** Good-Bye!! Have a nice day!! ***
06/27/07Chung-Yang (Ric) Huang [email protected] +886-2-3366-3644 20
Tips & Issues about Prog. 4-1
How to generate random numbers? Calling function “rand()” (for Windows)
How to generate random numbers between 1 and 100 ?
y = rand() % 100 + 1; Is the random number the same every time you
play? How to fix it? (Homework) Try to google this problem.
Do you check whether the input number is within the legal range?
What if the player makes a stupid guess? For “Play again? (Y/N)”, can we accept “default
value” (i.e. no enter)? Do you create any “class” for this program? Why
yes and why not?
06/27/07Chung-Yang (Ric) Huang [email protected] +886-2-3366-3644 21
Admin Info 07/18/07 A class website will be created
http://cc.ee.ntu.edu.tw/~ric/teaching/ComputerProgramming/S07-tl
Practice programs This file Announcements
Final homework/project will be announced online next week
You are encouraged to think about the problem as early as possible
Tentative due date: 08/13 (Monday) Submission method: TBA