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Computer basics
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C O M P U T E R B A S I C S
Its All Geek to Me
The Information Processing Cycle
INPUT OUTPUT
AUXILIARY
STORAGE
PROCESSING
MAIN
MEMORY
INPUT DEVICES (Hardware)
Keyboard
Mouse
Microphone
Scanner
Touch screens
Bar code scanner
Voice recognition
Auxiliary Storage Device
OUTPUT DEVICES (HARDWARE)
Useful information that leaves the system
Output Hardware includes:
Monitor: soft copy
Printers: hard copy
Projector
Voice and music - speakers
OUTPUT
ROM
READ ONLY MEMORY
RAM
RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY
Small
Instructions are installed permanently at the factory
Cannot be changed
These instructions check the computers resources and looks for Operating System
Main Memory
Temporaryit is erased when turned off.
It is where programs and data is stored while being processed
MEMORY PROCESSING HARDWARE
PROCESSING HARDWARE
Central Processing Unit: CPU
The Brains or Intelligence of the computer. Controls input and output interprets instructions executes instructions.
Silicon chip: integrated circuit board Pentium: name give to a particular chip
Hertz: the speed of the CPU Gigahertz: executes a billion instructions per second Megahertz: executes a million instructions per second
Processors Come in Many Sizes
Mainframe: large, powerful, serving many connected terminals. Super Computers
Minicomputer: mid-sized, serves more than one user at a time
Microcomputer: PC, individual workstation
Laptop: portable, small, a.k.a. notebook
Handheld: cell phones, tablets
What is Data?
Facts used by a computer Words
Numbers
What two numbers are used in Binary Code?
0 and 1
They are each called a BIT
8 BITS make a BYTE
1 BYTE makes a letter or number
KILOBYTE = 1,024 bytes
MEGABYTE = 1,048,576 bytes
GIGABYTE = 1,024 megabytes
TERABYTE = 1,024 gigabytes
AUXILIARY STORAGE DEVICES
Network Drive (H: drive)
Hard Disk Drive (C:drive)
Floppy Disk Drive with 3 Floppy Disk (A:drive)
Jump Drive/Thumb Drive
I-Pod
CD Read/Write Drive
DVD
Zip Drive
AUXILIARY
STORAGE
SOFTWARE
Programs that Make the Computer Work
Operating System Software Vista
Windows XP: GUI (Graphical User Interface)
Unix
Linux
Application Software Microsoft Word, Excel, Access, Front Page, Publisher
WordPerfect
Illustrator, Photoshop, Dreamweaver
What is the Boot Process?
The process of starting up a computer from a halted or powered-down condition.
Commands in ROM memory are followed
The process of loading the Operating System software into Main Memory
Windows 98
Windows XP
Unix