Computer Application for Business

8/2/2019 Computer Application for Business

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COMPUTER APPLICATION FOR BUSINESS

Synergy Institute Of Management

BBM


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anagement Information Systems (MIS)

Management information system (MIS)

An MIS provides managers with information and support for effective decision making, and providesfeedback on daily operations

Output, or reports, are usually generated through accumulation of transaction processing data Each MIS is an integrated collection of subsystems, which are typically organized along functional

lines within an organization

What is MIS?

1. A management information system(MIS) provides information which is needed to manageorganizations efficiently and effectively. Management information systems involve three primary

resources: people, technology, and information. Management information systems are distinct from

other information systems in that they are used to analyze operational activities in the

organization. Academically, the term is commonly used to refer to the group of information

management methods tied to the automation or support of human decision making, e.g. decision

support systems, expert systems, and executive information systems.

2. MIS refers broadly to a computer-based system that provides managers with the tools fororganizing, evaluating and efficiently running their departments. In order to provide past, present

and prediction information, an MIS can include software that helps in decision making, data

resources such as databases, the hardware resources of a system, decision support systems, people

management and project management applications, and any computerized processes that enable

the department to run efficiently.

3. MIS can be defined as a system that provides information to support managerial functions likeplanning, organizing, directing, controlling. Collects

information in a systematic and routine manner which is in accordance with a well defined set of

rules. Includes files, hardware, software, and operations research models of processing, storing,retrieving and transmitting information to the users.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decision_support_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decision_support_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expert_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executive_information_systemhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/S/software.htmlhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/D/database.htmlhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/H/hardware.htmlhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/D/decision_support_system.htmlhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/A/application.htmlhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/A/application.htmlhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/D/decision_support_system.htmlhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/H/hardware.htmlhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/D/database.htmlhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/S/software.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executive_information_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expert_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decision_support_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decision_support_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_system


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Right Information To the right person At the right place At the right time

In the right form At the right cost

utputs of a Management Information System

Scheduled reports Produced periodically, or on a schedule (daily, weekly, monthly)

Key-indicator report Summarizes the previous days critical activities Typically available at the beginning of each day

Demand report Gives certain information at a managers request

Exception report Automatically produced when a situation is unusual or requires

management action

haracteristics of a Management Information System

Provides reports with fixed and standard formats Hard-copy and soft-copy reports

Uses internal data stored in the computer systemEnd users can develop custom reportsRequires formal requests from users


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he Concept of MIS: The MIS provides a system for data processing and data analysis. The

MIS has a provision to display the information and also print it in a report format. It also

rovides facility to store the intermediate results, which are used in a number of other

ystems.

ATA

ATA Decision

ATA

Information Decision Making

ATA

MIS

Monitoring / feedback

bjectives of MIS: An effective MIS has the following objectives:

1. Facilities the decisions- making processes by furnishing information in the proper timeframe. This helps the decision maker to select the best course of action.

2. Provide requisite information at each level of management to carry out theirfunctions.

3. Help in highlighting the critical factors to the closely monitored for successfulfunctioning of the organization.

4. Support decision making in both structured and unstructured problemenvironments.

5.

Provide a system of people, computers, procedures, interactive transmittinginformation to the users.

Processing

Logic

Computers

Human Beings

Database

Intelligence Design Choice

Performance

Decision Implementation


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nformation System for Decision Making

Strategic level Managers

Tactical Level Mangers

Operational level Managers

nformation System for Decision Making

nformation can be defined as the data, which can be organized and presented so that, the

ecision maker may take the necessary action. In other words, information is the result /

roduct of processing data. The conversation process of data into decision is shown in the

elow fig.

r in general information is Knowledge acquired through study, experience or instruction.

Information Process

rom the above fig information consists of data that has been retrieved, processed ortherwise used, for informative purposes. Information contains an element surprise,

educes uncertainty and triggers of action.

System normally includes hardware, software, information, data, applications,

ommunications and people.

Data Informatio

ActionDecision

Process


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unctions of Information System:

1. Transaction process systems (TPS): Operational data processingEx: Order processing, manufacturing systems, payroll etc.

2. Management Reporting System (MRS): Produce reports for specific time periods;designed for managers responsible for specific functions in a firm.

Ex: Departmental expense reports, performance reports etc.

3. Decision support systems (DSS): Designed to support individual and collective decisionmaking.

4. Executive Information Systems (EIS): Support of the work of senior executive withaccess to company data and general information on the industry and economy.

5. Office Information Systems (OIS): Support and coordinate knowledge work in anoffice environment by handling documents and messages in a variety of forms- text,

image, voice, fax etc.

ecision making process: The decision making process requires creativity, imagination and

deep understanding of a human behavior. It also requires a foresight to predict the post-

ecision implications and willingness to face those implications. All decisions solve a

roblem, but over a period of time they give rise to a number of other problems.ecision making is a process which the decision maker uses to arrive at a decision. The core

f this process is described by Herbert Simon in a model he describes the model in three

hases as shown in fig

Herbert Simon Model

ntelligence: Raw data collected, processed and examined. Identify a problem calling for a

ecision.

esign: Inventing, developing and analyzing the different decision alternative and testing

he fusibility of implementation asses the value of the decision outcome.

hoice: Select one alternative as a decision based on the selection criteria. In the choice

hase, the manager evolves a selection criterion such as maximum profit, least, cost,

Intelligence Design Choice


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minimum waste, least time taken, and highest utility. The criterion is applied to the various

ecision alternatives and the one which satisfy the most is selected.

ypes of Decisions:

here are three types of decisions:

1. Programmed decisions / Structured decisions2. Non-Programmed decisions / Unstructured decisions3. Semi programmed decisions / Semi structured decisions

roblem: A question rose for consideration or solution / a state of difficulty that needs to

e resolved.

Defining the Problem

dentifying the problem: one of the biggest problems with problem solving, managers have

endency to rush into generating and selecting alternative solution before they actuallynow what the problem is.

efining the problem according to a possible solution should be careful not to rule out

ternative solutions by the way one states the problem.

roblems undoubtedly exist in any dynamic business. What are usually lacking are clear

efinitions of the problems and a priority system for their solution. Therefore, management

must take step in MIS design by formulating problems to be solved. The information needs

re the problems to be solved by the MIS function.

Challenges

Goals

Opportunities

Define the

Problem


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Introduction to Microsoft Word

Microsoft word is an essential tool for the creation of documents, its ease of use has made

Ms Word one of the most widely used word processing applications currently on the

market.

is application software, developed for text manipulation. This application software helps

he user to create, edit, save, print, and perform different operations on a text document.

o start the Ms-Word click on:

unctions of Screen:

asic components of the Ms-Word:

tle Bar: It is a name of the document which is currently open.

uler Bar: Ruler bar is helpful to position the objects as well as displaying tabs and

aragraph indents. It is possible to display both a horizontal and vertical ruler in the slide

ane of the normal view and the notes page view.

tatus Bar: It is used to display various keyboard modes. The status bar gives important

formation about where the curser is in a document and which features are currently

nabled. The left side of the status bar shows the location of the insertion point, specifying

he page and selection numbers, the current and the total page count and the line number

nd column number.

Menu Bar: The different commands of MsWord are grouped in menu bar.

ifferent menus in the Ms Word are:

le Edit, View, Insert, Format, Tools, Table, Window, and Help. To open any menu click on

nderlined character or Alt f.

croll Bar: It allows scrolling the page in horizontal way and vertical way.

Start Programs Ms-WordMs Office

Documents

Computer Application for Business