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higher efficiency -‐ more flexibility
• Sorp5on heat pumps: -‐ electric output unchanged -‐ more useable heat -‐ surplus heat for chilled water • Compressor heat pumps: -‐ less power, more heat -‐ change over from power supply to power demand at periods of low electricity prices
Heat pumps
Compressor heat pump
Electric drive
Sorption heat pump
driven by heat
COP 4
PER 1,6
COP 1,7
PER 0,1-‐1,6
Available sorption heat pumps
5 kW up to 10 MW or even more Driven by hot water ≥70 oC or exhaust gases or steam
Compressor heat pumps
• Units of 1 kW up to 20 MW available • Important development: industrial high temperature heat pump
Turbo compressor unit ReciprocaGng compressor NH3 refrigerant for up to 80 degrees water
Op5on 1: higher efficiency
Case Bjerringbro District Hea5ng AbsorpGon heat pump driven by exhaust gas heat of CHP
Case Vinderup District Hea5ng Electric compressor heat pump upgrades low temperature heat of biogas CHP
Vinderup District Heat: biogas CHP-‐HP total efficiency 105 % LHV heat pump + 1 MWth -‐ 0,25 MW e
Exhaust gas 18 oC
Op5on 2: flexible response electricity market
DelV Harnaschpolder District Heat
1 CHP unit 1.8 Mwe operaGng at high electricity prices
1 high temperature heat pump 1.2 MWth
operaGng at low electricity prices
Office city of Apeldoorn
• CHP unit for base load electricity • Heat of CHP goes into absorpGon heat pump
In summer: Heat pump supplies chilled water to fan coil units Condenser heat goes into seasonal storage
In winter: Heat pump stores cold in seasonal storage Condenser heat goes to fan coil units for heaGng
summer SUMMER
Cooling office city Apeldoorn
Condensor in Condensor out
Chilled water
Heat CHP
Surplus heat
/
Winter
HeaGng office city Apeldoorn
Heat CHP
HeaGng system
Stored warm water
Chilled water to storage
Surplus heat
advantages
• UGlisaGon of condenser heat for winter saves energy
• Seasonal storage of cold reduces energy for cooling in summer and installed capacity for chillers
• ConsumpGon of water for cooling tower can be reduced drasGcally
• In a well balanced system no cooling tower needed