Comprehensive Review in LEA.ppt

8/17/2019 Comprehensive Review in LEA.ppt

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V.I.P’s INLAW ENFORCEMENT

ADMINISTRATIONBy:

ROMMEL K. MANWONG, Ph.D.

1Dr. Rommel K. Manwong


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LEA is the most comprehensive area in thecriminology board examination carrying aweight of 20 % from the total percentage in

the scoring system.

PRELIMINARY NOTES

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Police Org, Mgmt & dmin w! special foc"s on

#. $' and #. ('') *and new +s-

Personnel *"man #eso"rces Management-

Police Planning & Patrol Operations Police omm"nication /ystems *P/-

omm"nity #elations *P#-

Police ntelligence & /ecret /ervice /ec"rity Management *nd"strial /cty Mgmt-

omparative Police /ystems

COVERAGE



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PART ONE

THE DEVELOPMENT OF POLICESYSTEMS

Dr. Rommel K. Manwong


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QUESTIONS

1. What is meant by the Greek word “politeia” ?

. !tate o" the #ation

$. #ationhood or %ityhood

%. Go&ernment o" a %ityD. 'oli(e )*(ers

2. Whi(h so(iety frst +se the word “Police” to

mean ,erson who en"or(e the law?

. Greeks $. -ren(h

%. Germans D. nglish

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POLICING SYSTEMS

Bas! C"#!$%&s

'oli(e 0 'oliteia G, government of a city

“'olitia R, same meaning above

“Polizei” Gr, Safe keepers (territory)'oli(e F, persons to enforce law

borrowe! by t"e #nglis" an! $mericansto

refer to %$& #'FR#R*

(onstable ,atrol F in origin

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QUESTIONS

3. 5n the history o" law en"or(ement whi(h one

is (onsidered the earliest (odifed law?

. %ode o" King 6amm+rabi

$. 12 7ab+lae%. 7he !+merian %ode

D. %ode o" Kalantiao

4. n an(ient ,oli(e system +sed by the

Greeks.

. Med8ays $. ,hori

%. 7ythingmen D. 9igiles

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Hs&"'!a( Ba!)*'"+#

23;; $.% 0 !+merians ense against

so(iety 0 the S+-$'a# C"$ 21;; $.% 0 $abylonians 0 C"$ " K#*

Ha--+'a/ 0 'rin(i,le


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QUESTION

/. What was the earliest Roman law?

. 7he B+stinian %ode

$. %ode o" Dra(o

%. 12 7ab+laeD. ngloC!aon


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n(ient Rome 0 12 7ab+lae F12 7ables 0 the frstwritten laws m,eror +g+st+s 0 (reated the

Praetorian G.ar!, /rban o"orts F%ity 'atrol

and the 0igiles Ffre fghters@ m,eror B+stinian 0

B+stinian %ode be(ame known as

orp.s 1.ris ivilis F$ody o"


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ngloC!aon FnglandH A4ECAEE C 7ime o" King l"red

II 7+n 'oli(ing 0 2.n F7own@ -rank,ledge system C1; male residents as g+ardians o" the town known

as tyt"ings F1; "amilies.

II 6+e and %ry 0 %om,lainant sho+ts "or themandatory assembly o" men to (at(h the (+l,rit"orn 0 oldest known warning de&i(e

II Royal B+dge 0 in&estigates and ,+nishes

II 7rial by )rdeal 0 ,ain"+l test o" g+iltJinno(en(e



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#ormal 'eriod o" 'oli(ingII!hireCRie&e 0 s"ire Fdistri(tJ(o+ntry rieveFr+lerlater (alled !heri>0 ngland was di&ided into //

military distri(ts +nder the (ontrol o" a rie&e.II7ra&elling B+dge 0 renders 8+dgment and gi&es,+nishmentII


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W#!h$s&$' P$'"II!tat+te o" Win(hesterC 12A/ 0 Wat(hmen

F1 heads C II!tat+te o" 12E/ 0 gate o"


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IIKee,ers o" the 'ea(e 0 time o" King Ri(hard

a,,oint 0 Knights to kee, the Kings 'ea(e

II 7he %harlies 0 time o" King %harles 0

a,,oint 0 night wat(hers known as 3ellmen4 on d+ty "rom s+nset to s+nrise

II $ow !treet R+nner 0 time o" 6enry -ielding

a,,ointment o" "oot ,atrol horse ,atrol

Fmo+nted ,atrol.



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M"$'# P$'" " P"(!#*

IIMetro,olitan 'oli(e (t o" 1A2E 0

moderniLe the ,oli(e system o"ngland@ (reation o" !(otland ard 0Robert 'eel

“Fat"er of +o!ern Policing”

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In France 16th Century - Paris had two patrols: Citizen Night Guard;and the Royal Guard for the kings prote!tion" #he Guard

$otto that e%en today is on the &ren!h poli!e e$'le$

“Vigilat ut Quiescant” - ()e wat!hes that they $ay sleep*

#hey were also !alled GENDARMIE + slang for poli!e offi!ers ,-., / #he position of “Officers de Paix” was for$ed

0origin of (Pea!e Offi!er*1 #he first &ren!h Poli!e Offi!ers / Sergent de Ville’ / servant

of the city

In Italy and Spain Italian – Carabinieri Spanish – Guardia Ciil



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www.rkmfles.net Dr. Rommel K. Manwong 1:

In the !nited States

Boston, 1636 + for$ed the first (Night 2at!h* +

they were !alled ("eather#en$

Philadelhia, 1!33 + instituted the first dayti$e3

paid poli!e ser%i!e

"e# $or%, 1!&& + organized the first $odernA$eri!an poli!e for!e 'ased on the English

4etropolitan poli!e"


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D$0$("%-$#& " P"(!#* # &h$Ph(%%#$s

'reC!,anish 0 ,oli(ing is tribal in nat+re 1:12 0 %arabineros de !eg+ridad '+bli(o 0

the mo+nted ,oli(e

1A3 0 G+ardrilleros 0 r+ral ,oli(e 1A/2 0 G+ardia %i&il 0 town ,oli(e 1231 4 O'*a#! A!& 5 167 0 'hil.

%onstab+lary +nder Ca%&. H$#'y T. A(($# 0

frst %hie" 1216 0 '% -ili,iniLation 0 B'*. G$#. Raa$(

C'a-$ 0 -irst -ili,ino %hie" o" '%

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1E3/ 0 '% 'ersonnel were absorbed by the

'hili,,ine rmy 1E3 0 %ommonwealth (t NAA (reated the

!tate 'oli(e 1E3A 0 %ommonwealth (t N343 0 re(onstit+ted

the 'hili,,ine %onstab+lary 0 '% be(ame an

inde,endent #ational 'oli(e -or(e

1E3E C 7he Manila 'oli(e De,artment introd+(edthe bi(y(le ,atrol.

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Ba,anese )((+,ation 1E41 C 7he Ba,anese Military 'oli(e FKem,etai

took o&er M'D.


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O +g. 1E 0 R 4A4 0 'oli(e (t o" 1E 0

%reation o" the 'oli(e %ommission C ')


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1EEA 0 R A//1 0 '#' Re"orm =ReorganiLation (t d+bbed as the '#''ro"essionaliLation.

Most Re(ent


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," #he law that pro%ides the National Poli!eCo$$ission to !ondu!t Poli!e e5a$ination isA"R"A 6678 9" R"A 788

C" R"A 7 9" 4ay ,-3 ,.?. C" 4ay ,-3 ,.>?


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PART TWO

CONCEPTS ON POLICEORGANI9ATION,

MANAGEMENT ADMINISTRATION



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P"(!$ O'*a#;a&"#

gro+, o" trained ,ersonnel in the feld o"

,+bli( sa"ety administration engaged in thea(hie&ement o" goals and ob8e(ti&es that

,romotes the -a#&$#a#!$ " %$a!$ and

order %'"&$!&"# " ($ a# %'"%$'&y

$#"'!$-$#& " &h$ (a


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Line Type Organization(military type; simplest type)

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Functional Type Organization

(specialized; unctional managers)


Li d !t " T


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Line and !ta" TypeOrganization

com#ination o line $ unctional

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P"(!$ Ma#a*$-$#&'ertains to the +tiliLation o" a&ailablereso+r(es in an organiLation. F/Ms

P"(!$ a-#s&'a&"#

Re"ers to the ,ro(esses +sed in theorganiLtion

F')!D%R$J')!D%

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= POSDCRB

P(a###* C setting ,er"orman(e ob8e(ti&es

O'*a#;#* C di&iding the work to be done

S&a>#* C filling the org with the right people!position

D'$!&#* C ma1ing decisions

C""'#a&#* 0 interrelating vario"s parts of wor1

R$%"'&#* 0 1eeping exec"tives informed

Budgeting fiscal planning, acco"nting, and control


A h M


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A%%'"a!h$s # Ma#a*#*P"(!$ O'*a#;a&"#s

C(ass!a( A%%'"a!h

II S!$#&?! Ma#a*$-$#& 4 F-. 7aylor "o(+son workers ,rod+(ti&ityII B+'$a+!'a&! Ma#a*$-$#& 4 FM.Weber"o(+s on di&ision o" labor and hierar(hy o"a+thority

II A-#s&'a&0$ M*-& 4 F6. -ayol

the 14 management ,rin(i,les



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Th$ 1@ Ma#a*$-$#& P'#!%($ FAYOL

Division of Work Authority and Responsibility - right to command Discipline U#&y " C"--a# U#&y " D'$!&"# S+/"'#a&"# " #0+a( #&$'$s& &" *$#$'a( #&$'$s& R$-+#$'a&"# " P$'s"##$( C$#&'a(;a&"# S!a(a' Cha# O'$' E+&y S&a/(&y " %$'s"##$( &$#+'$ I#&a&0$

Es%'& $ C"'%s



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H+-a# R$(a&"#s A%%'"a!hFlton Mayo 0 in(rease ,rod+(ti&ity

B$ha0"'a( S!$#!$ A%%'"a!h

F. Maslow 0 6ierar(hy o" #eeds theoryFM(Gregor 0 7heory =

C FlaLy 0 Fhard worker



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C"#&$-%"'a'y A%%'"a!h

C looking at the organiLation as asystem

Fsystem theory

C re(ogniLing internal and eternal&ariables a>e(ting organiLation

F(ontingen(y theory



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'R5#%5'


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ORGANI9ATIONAL TERMINOLOGIES

Functional Units

Bureau the largest organic f"nctional "nit within a large

department. t comprises of n"mbers of divisions.

Division a primary s"bdivision of a b"rea".Section f"nctional "nit within a division that is necessary

for speciali3ation.

Unit f"nctional gro"p within a section4 or the smallest

f"nctional gro"p with in an organi3ation.



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erritorial Units

Post a fixed point or location to which an officer is assigned for d"ty,s"ch as a designated des1 or office or an intersection or cross wal1

from traffic d"ty. t is a spot location for general g"ard d"ty.

Route a length of streets designated for patrol p"rposes. t is also

called 5+6 768.

Beat

n area assigned for patrol p"rposes, whether foot or motori3ed.

Sector n area containing two or more beats, ro"tes, or posts.

District a geographical s"bdivision of a city for patrol p"rposes, "s"ally

with its own station.

Area a section or territorial division of a large city each comprised ofdesignated districts.



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Sworn Officers all personnel of the police department who have

oath and who posses the power to arrest. Superior Officer - one having s"pervisory responsibilities, either

temporarily or permanently, over officers of lower ran1.

Commanding Officer 9 an officer who is in command of thedepartment, a b"rea", a division, an area, or a district.

Ranking Officer 9 the officer who has the more senior ran1!higher

ran1 in a team or gro"p. Length of Service 9 the period of time that has elapsed since the

oath of office was administered. On Dut 9 the period when an officer is actively engaged in the

performance of his d"ty.

OTHER TERMINOLOGIES



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Leave of A!sence 9 period, which an officer is exc"sed from active d"ty byany valid!acceptable reason, approved by higher a"thority. Sick Leave 9 period which an officer is exc"sed from active d"ty by reason

of illness or in:"ry. Suspension 9 a conse;"ence of an act which temporarily deprives an

officer from the privilege of performing his d"ties as res"lt of violating

directives or other department reg"lations. Department Ru"es 9 r"les established by department directors!s"pervisors

to control the cond"ct of the members of the police force. Dut #anua" 9 describes the proced"res and defines the d"ties of officers

assigned to specified post or position. Order 9 an instr"ction given by a ran1ing officer to a s"bordinate, either a.


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THE PNP ORGANI9ATIONAL SET UP

P$P Staff and Support Units

8he hief of the Philippine +ational Police =ep"ty hief of Philippine +ational Police for dministration =ep"ty hief of Philippine +ational Police for Operations 8he hief of =irectorial /taff



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Directoria" Staff %&unctiona" Staff'

). =irectorate for Personnel 9 #ecord Management

2. =irectorate for ntelligence

>. =irectorate for Operations

?. =irectorate for nvestigation'. =irectorate for 5ogistics

$. =irectorate for Plans

. =irectorate for omptrollership

(. =irectorate for Police omm"nity #elations

. =irectorate for "man #eso"rces and =octrine =evelopment

)0. =irectorate for #esearch and =evelopment



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Administrative Support Units

). 5ogistic /"pport /ervice 5egal /ervice

2. Medical and =ental /ervice

>. omp"ter /ervice

?. rime 5aboratory /"pport /ervice

'. 6ngineering /ervice

$. ead;"arters /"pport /ervice

. @inance /ervice

(. omm"nications96lectronics /ervice

. aptain /ervice



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Operationa" Support Units

). riminal nvestigation

2. +arcotics ommand absorbed into the P=6

>. 8raffic Management

?. ntelligence

'. /pecial ction @orce

$. /ec"rity

. ivil /ec"rity @orce

(. Maritime

. Police omm"nity #elations

)0. viation /ec"rity



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Ranking !ystem

OMM//O+6= O@@6#/

=irector


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NCOs/enior Police Officer B */PO B- Master /ergeant

/enior Police Officer */PO - 8ech. /ergeant

/enior Police Officer */PO - /taff /ergeant/enior Police Officer */PO - /ergeant

Police Officer *PO - orporal

Police Officer *PO - Private )st lass

Police Officer *PO - Private

Cadets of the Phi"ippine $ationa" Po"ice Academ %P$PA' are

c"assified a!ove the Senior Po"ice Officer () and !e"ow the

(nspector rank in the P$P*



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What is 7raditional 'oli(ing? 7he old system or (on(e,t o" ,oli(ingwhereby ,oli(emen are looked +,on as ana+thority

re,resenting the go&ernment it ser&e rather

than as a ser&ant o" the (omm+nity. 6ere 7he,oli(e organiLation is +sed as ,rote(tor o"

the "ew instead o" the many.

Th$ OLD 0s. &h$ NEW


Ya's&!) " P"(!$ E>!$#!y


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Ya's&!) " P"(!$ E>!$#!ya# E$!&0$#$ss

7he main traditional ,+r,ose o" the ,oli(e is to

,rote(t the a+thority Fthe go&ernment.

6en(e the yardsti(k o" meas+ring ,oli(e e*(ien(y

+nder this kind o" ,oli(ing is the n+mber o" ,eo,le

arrested o" (rimes and the n+mber o" ,eo,le 8ailed.

%&he #'re pe'ple arrested and thr'(n t' )ail* the #'re the p'lice 'r+ani,ati'n is eectie and eicient$.



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%om,aring the old and new (on(e,ts Q 7he 'oliti(al ra 7he Re"orm ra 7he %omm+nity ra


7h ' li i l F1A4; 1E3;


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7he 'oliti(al ra F1A4;C1E3;

7he ,oli(e "or(es were (hara(teriLed byH +thority (oming "rom ,oliti(ians and

the law broad so(ial ser&i(e "+n(tion De(entraliLed organiLation n intimate relationshi, with the

(omm+nity

tensi&e +se o" "oot ,atrol

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7h R " F1E3; 1EA;


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7he Re"orm ra F1E3;C1EA;

7he ,oli(e "or(es were (hara(teriLed byH +thority (oming "rom the law and

,ro"essionalism %rime (ontrol as their ,rimary "+n(tion (entraliLed and e*(ient organiLation m,hasis on ,re&enti&e motoriLed

,atrol and ra,id res,onse to (rime

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7he %omm+nity ra F1EA;sC


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7he %omm+nity ra F1EA; s,resent

nder this era o" ,oli(ing ,oli(e "or(es are(hara(teriLed byH +thority (oming "rom (omm+nity s+,,ort

law and ,ro"essionalism 'ro&ision o" broad range o" ,oli(e ser&i(es

in(l+ding (rime (ontrol De(entraliLed organiLation n intimate relationshi, with the (omm+nity se o" ,roblemCsol&ing a,,roa(h


7raditional &s %omm+nity


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7raditional &s %omm+nity'oli(ing

7raditional

go&ernmentagen(y

"or law en"or(ement

%omm+nity

'oli(e are the,+bli( and the,+bli( are the

,oli(e

2ho are the Poli!eD



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7he 7raditionalist 7he %omm+nity )riented



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PART THREE

PERSONNEL MANAGEMENTHUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT


POLICE PERSONNEL


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POLICE PERSONNELIN RE: R.A 771

-low o" 'ersonnel %areerRECR#4EN# PROCEBBRECR#4EN# PROCEBB

Note: @ualifi!ationsNote: @ualifi!ations

BEEC#ON PROCEBBBEEC#ON PROCEBB

Note: Pro!eduresF#estsNote: Pro!eduresF#ests

'ointersHC %itiLenshi

,

C Morality

C ligibilityC d+(ation

C geC 6eight

C

Weight

'ointersHC gility

C Medi(al

C #'

C 5nter&iew

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APPOINTMENT

#oteH #at+re o",,ointment

,,ointing +thorities'()*"*"+'()*"*"+

Note: Btandards of #rainingNote: Btandards of #raining&ield #raining&ield #raining

n Ber%i!e #rainingn Ber%i!e #raining

)PP()*S))PP()*S)

Note: PurposesNote: PurposesBtandards of E%aluationBtandards of E%aluation

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!R"#"$"%

+oteC /ystem ofpromotion

Dinds of PromotionA&&$'%#E%

+oteC P"rposePowers!"thorities

&alaries( Benefits( !rivileges

+oteC ncentives!wardsPays!llowances

#etirement 7enefit

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$%&!E)$"%

+oteC 8ypes

Powers!"thorities to nspect

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Internal (w in units)

External (w in community)

Authorities:CPNP, RD, PD, CD, COP,

HRDD, IA, NAPO!CO"

D$&)$!L$%AR* #E)+A%$&D$&)$!L$%AR* #E)+A%$&


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www.rkmfles.net Dr. Rommel K. Manwong ;

D$&)$!L$%AR* #E)+A%$&D$&)$!L$%AR* #E)+A%$&

+oteC 56, P567, /,+oteC 56, P567, /,

OP, #=, !P+POP, #=, !P+P

dmin Offenses dmin Offenses

!CE # "ayor$%o&ernor

Em'loy # tilie PNP elements

De'loy # Physical mo&ement

P!E* # Central recei&in+ oice

o all citien-s com'laint

Com'osition # .

/erm o oice # 0 yearsNote:

Citien-s Com'laint (P!E*) *reach o, Internal Disci'line

1orum ho''in+


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IA Power

Ins'ect, In&esti+ate, ummary Hearin+,

1ilin+ Cases, Assist Om2u3sman

IA Entry # 4oluntary (. years ex'erience)IA Hea3 # Ins'ector %eneral (Ci&ilian)

NAPO!CO" RA*$NA*

RA* # hear 3ecision rom P!E*, RD, "ayor

NA* # hear 3ecision rom CPNP

A-#s&'a&0$ O$#s$s


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A-#s&'a&0$ O$#s$s

enses enses Gra&e )>enses

-ormsH

Mal"easan(e FMis(ond+(t 0 ab+se ,ower Mis"easan(e F5rreg+larities 0 im,ro,er ,er"oQ #onC"easan(e F#egle(t o" D+ty 0 re"+sal Q


Im'osa2le Penalties

Re'riman3 1oreiture o Pri&ile+e us'ension Demotion rom Ran5 Dismissal rom er&ice

66 or any com2ination


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RE$RE#E%

+oteC +at"re of #etirement

Retirement is either OP/IONA! or "ANDA/OR7

OP/IONA! 8 7EAR O1 ER4ICE # 9 7EAR

"ANDA/OR7 # A%E O1 "E"*ER # .; 7EAR O!D

Retirement *eneit50% of the base pay and longevity pay of the retired grade in case

of twenty (20) years of active service, increasing by 2.5% forevery year of active service rendered beyond twenty (20) yearsto a maximum of 0% for !" years of service and over.


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PART FOUR

POLICE PATROLMa#a*$-$#& a# O%$'a&"#s


,'y is patrol reerred to as t'e


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,'y is patrol reerred to as t'e-#ac#one/ o police organization0

Qbe(a+se it ser&es as the organiLational

"o+ndation "rom whi(h other s,e(ialiLation bran(h

o+t like tra*( in&estigation &i(e (ontrol et(.

5t is also the only di&ision within a de,artmentwhi(h (annot be eliminated.

..,atrol a(ti&ities is abo+t /;S o" all ,oli(e

"+n(tions

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,'at is police patrol0

Qthe reg+lar and re,eated (ir(+it o" g+arding abeat normally ,er"ormed by the ,oli(e in a gi&en

area either on "oot mobile o" other methods o"

,atrol "or the ,+r,ose o" en"or(ing the law and(rime

,re&ention and s+,,ression.

95'H 'atterns o" 'atrollingH..(lo(kwise (o+nterC(lo(kwise LigLag

straightway (lo&erlea"

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,' t i 1 ti P t l0


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,'at is 1eacti2e Patrol0

Qthe old system o" ,oli(e ,atrol a(ti&itywhi(h

(onsist o" (ontin+o+sly dri&ing aro+nd thearea o" ,atrol waiting "or something toha,,en and to

rea(t a((ordingly in (ase something does

ha,,en.

#oteH


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,'at is Proacti2e Patrol0

5t is the more e(onomi(al alternati&e ,atrol

system whi(h has an ob8e(ti&e a,,roa(hagainst (riminality as m+(h as ,ra(ti(able. 5t

addresses

(rime at its &ery root be"ore it is able to de&elo,

into a "elonio+s a(t.

#oteH TT 6igh 9isibility 7heory

TT 7heory o" )mni,resen(e

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,'at is participati2e la3


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,'at is participati2e la3enorcement0

5t is a system where the (itiLenry and the ,oli(ework together to red+(e (rime ,re&ent 8+&enile

delinU+en(y and (riminal beha&ior maintain the,ea(e = red+(e lo(al ,roblems whi(h are the

m+t+al res,onsibility o" the ,oli(e = the ,eo,le.

#oteH

C 7he 'eel 'rin(i,le

C Koban !ystem %)'! %omm+nityC)riented

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P'$0$#&"# 0.s.


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R$%'$ss"#

O P'$0$#&"# is the ob8e(ti&e aimed towardsways and means to red+(e the desire o" theh+man

being to (ommit (rime. F,roa(ti&e

O R$%'$ss"#, is the a(t o" ,re&enting thea(t+al

(ommission o" (rimes. Re,ression is le&eledon the ,re&ention o" the &ery a(t itsel" whi(h

(onstit+tes (rimes. Frea(ti&e

www.rkmfles.net :;Dr. Rommel K. Manwong

,'at is t'e purpose o Police


71/239

+niorm0

s with any other o((+,ation the ,oli(e +ni"ormis intended to se,arate ,oli(emen "rom e&eryonewho are not in the same line o" work to a&oid

(on"+sion and to ass+re others o" his a+thority

and his ,resen(e.

#oteH

O 'roa(ti&e meas+re Fass+ran(e o" omni,resen(e

O 'oli(e 9isibility

www.rkmfles.net :1Dr. Rommel K. Manwong

P"(!$ Ds!'$&"#


72/239

P"(!$ Ds!'$&"#

se o" ones own wise 8+dgment on (ertain e&entsor (ir(+mstan(es not (o&ered by !)'s.

www.rkmfles.net Dr. Rommel K. Manwong :2

!am,le !(enario

)n ,atrol alone Rainy = -oggy sit+ation +rban area #o - no 66R no means o" (om to 6V

#o ashlight wearing Rain %oat 3 Males in "ront o" a ,awnsho, w in )R !+s,i(io+s looking

PATROL: CRIME PREVENTION


73/239

EFFORT

I#$ a# N"#4 I#$ C'-$s

Month I#$ C'-$s N"#4 I#$C'-$s

Grand

7otal

%R5M 9!. 'R!)# %R5M 9!.'R)'R7

7)7< 95)< )-R

42/JE1/

)76R%R5M!

7)7<

MRDR

6)M5%5D '65#B

R' R)$$R 76-7

U#$'s&a##* G$#$'a( C'-$ R$%"'&s

INDE CRIMES


74/239

?

INDE CRIMES

-,.//0

INDE CRIMES


75/239

'

INDE CRIMES

1anuary 2 "ctober 34,,

EAKDOWN OF INDE CRIMES BY REGI


76/239

$

O O C S G


KDOWN OF CRIMES AGAINST PERSON BY RE


77/239


KDOWN OF CRIMES VS PROPERTY BY REG


78/239


CRIME TRENDS


79/239

CRIME TRENDS

O

2;12 C s o" ,ril 2;12 (rime rate went downby 1.::S

F((ording to the 'hili,,ine #ational 'oli(e

rime statistics provi!e! by t"e P'P5irectorate for 6nvestigation an! 5etective+anagement (565+) in!icates a 78*99:!ecline in t"e co.ntry;s 2otal rime 0ol.merecor!e! from 1an.ary to +arc" of 7=,

compare! wit" t"e First ?.arter =>77 crimerecor!*

source4'ttp455pcrg.pnp.go2.p'5inde6.p'p5ne3s%releases57%uncategorised589%p'ilippines%posts%lo3er%crime%rates%in%:st%uarter%7


80/239

CRIME

n a(t or omission in&iolation o" a lawJstat+te

O -elony 0 s defned in theR'%

O )>ense 0 9iolation o" !<

O DelinU+en(y 0 Misdemeanor

KEY PLAYERS


81/239

KEY PLAYERS

O VIOLATOR 0 o>ending ,artyFs+s,e(tJres,ondentJa((+sedJ(riminal

O SUFFERER C o>ended ,arty orin8+red ,arty F9i(tim

O EPECTATORS 0 the ,+bli( athird ,arty or a witness

PATROL TARGET


82/239

PATROL TARGET natomy o t'e rime


83/239

$%&RU#E%AL$*8he means or implements "se in the commission of the crime.

*firearm, a bolo, a fan 1nife, ice pic1, poison, a crow bar, a battery9operated hand drill for carnapping, etc.-

"!!"RU%$* 5&$UA$"%6

8he act or omission by a person *victim- which enablesanother *criminals- to operate the crime.*leaving ones home crime prone alley, wearing expensive :ewelryin the sl"m area, readily admitting a stranger into oneEs residence-

#"$7E

8he moving power which impels one to action for a definite res"lt.8he reasons or cause why person or gro"p of persons

perpetratea crime.

Th$ C'-#a( F"'-+(a


84/239

Th$ C'-#a( F"'-+(a

% X 7 Y !

R

WhereH % X (t F%riminal (t 7 X %riminal 7enden(y

FDesireJ5ntent

! X 7otal !it+ation F),,ort+nity

R X Resistan(e to 7em,tation

Ma!h#$'y "' C'-$


85/239

P'$0$#&"#

Th$ C'-#a( 8+s&!$ Sys&$-

'oli(eJ


86/239

Th$ C'-#a( P'"!$ss

PO*.

+ initial response +arrest + suspe!t

P(OS./'*O"

+ in%estigate + deter$inepro'a'le !ause

O/('+ trial +deter$ine guiltor inno!en!e

O((.'*O"+ refor$ + !hange!ri$inal 'eha%ior

O00/"*'$+ law a'iding + help

pre%ent !ri$es %R5M

7he 're&ention o" %rime


87/239

7he 're&ention o" %rime

I& s $0$'y/"ys !"#!$'#JO 5t is not only the 8ob o" the ,oli(e to ,re&ent

(rimes b+t it is the 8ob o" e&erybody

Th$ P$$(s P'#!%($

7he 'oli(e is the '$


88/239

%rime 're&entionQ.

s a %'"a!&0$ -$as+'$ a*a#s&!'-$

Qthe ob8e(ti&e o" whi(h is aimed towardsways and means to red+(e the DESIREo" the ,otential (riminal to (ommit(rime.

%rime Re,ressionQ


89/239

%rime Re,ressionQ

Q is a R%759 meas+re against (rime

Qthe ob8e(ti&e o" whi(h is ,re&enting thea(t+al (ommission o" (rimes.Re,ression is le&eled on the ,re&entiono" the &ery a(t itsel" whi(h (onstit+tes(rimes.

7o 're&ent %rimesQ


90/239

7o 're&ent %rimesQ

O Remo&eJRed+(eJ're&ent %riminaltenden(y

O Remo&eJRed+(e J're&ent the o,,ort+nityon the ,art o" the wo+ld be (riminal

O 5n(reaseJ5m,ro&e Resistan(e to 7em,tation

,,li(ations


91/239

,,li(ations

$y not (ommitting (rimesZ...by not &iolating thelawsQby sim,ly being a LAW ABIDING (itiLenZ

(PR#0#'26'G R6+6'$% 2#'5#'


92/239

Pa&'"(B$a& Pa&'"(

O

-oot 'atrolO $i(y(le 'atrol

S$!&"' Pa&'"( M"&"';$ Pa&'"(

O +tomobile 'atrol

O Motor(y(le 'atrol

O ir(ra"t 'atrol F6eli(o,ter and -iedWing

S%$!a(;$ Pa&'"( M$&h"s

O 6orse Fmo+nted 'atrol

O Marine Fwater 'atrolO %anine FKCE ssisted 'atrol

O !,e(ial 7errain 'atrol

O 79 'atrol F!+r&eillan(e %am

www.rkmfles.net E2

VIPs d&antages =

Disad&antages o" ea(h,atrol method

'ra(ti(al ,,li(ations Related nameJterminology 6istori(al e&ents

N"&$ 1; million smell (ell o"

dogs German !he,herds


,'at are t'e #asic types o Policecalls0


93/239

calls0

O ROUTINE CALL 0 mobile (ar is reU+ired to obser&e

all tra*( laws and r+les and does not normally +se its

ashing lights and siren while on its way to the s(ene

O URGENT CALL 0 also reU+ires the res,onding ,oli(e (arto obser&e all tra*( r+les and does not +se its

ashing lights or siren.O EMERGENCY CALL 0 5n most (ases this (ategory

reU+ires the +se o" the ashing light and +(t+ating

siren altho+gh there are e(e,tions whi(h in(l+de the

attem,t to s+r,rise (riminals in the a(t.

www.rkmfles.net E3Dr. Rommel K. Manwong

P"(!$Pa&'"( C"--+#!a&"# Sys&$-s


94/239

y

95's 'oli(e %om 0 ba(kbone o" ,oli(e ta(ti(s Walkie talkie 0 slang "or 66R 6orn 0 oldest (omm+ni(ation de&i(e

%+nei"orm 0 frst "orm o" writing dyad 0most basi( "orm o" inter,ersonal (omm 7elegra,h 0 frst ele(troni( medi+m o" (omm FW. %ook 1; %odes 0 1;C4 F,ositi&e@ 1;C2; Flo(@ 1;C3/ Fred alert@ 1;C:4

Fnegati&e

www.rkmfles.net E4Dr. Rommel K. Manwong


95/239

www.rkmfles.net E/

PART FIVE

POLICE

OPERATIONALPLANNING


KEY CONCEPTS


96/239

PLANNING is a management "+n(tion (on(erned withH &is+aliLing "+t+re sit+ations making estimates (on(erning them identi"ying iss+es

analyLing and e&al+ating the alternati&e ways "orrea(hing desired goals estimating the ne(essary "+nds and reso+r(es to do

the

work initiating a(tion to (o,e with the (hanging

(onditions and (ontingent e&ents.

KEY CONCEPTS

www.rkmfles.net EDr. Rommel K. Manwong


97/239

P(a# C an organiLe s(hed+le or seU+en(e bymethodi(al a(ti&ities intended to attaingoals and ob8e(ti&es "or thea((om,lishments o" mission or assignment.

5t is a method or way o" doing something inorder to attain ob8e(ti&es.

'lan ,ro&ides answer to /Ws and 16U+estions.

www.rkmfles.net E:Dr. Rommel K. Manwong


98/239

P"(!$ O%$'a&"#a( P(a###* C the a(t o"determining ,oli(ies and g+idelines "or ,oli(ea(ti&ities or o,erations and ,ro&iding (ontrols

and sa"eg+ards "or s+(h a(ti&ities.5t may also be the ,ro(ess o" "orm+lating(oordinated seU+en(e o" methodi(al a(ti&itiesand the allo(ation o" reso+r(es to the line +nits

o" the ,oli(e organiLation "or the attainment o"themandated goals and ob8e(ti&es.

www.rkmfles.net EADr. Rommel K. Manwong


99/239

O/$!&0$ is a s,e(if( (ommitment to

a(hie&e a meas+rable res+lt within a s,e(if(

,eriod o" time.

G"a( is a general statement o" ,+r,osety,i(ally with time horiLon. 5t is an a(hie&ableend state

that (an be meas+red and obser&ed.

www.rkmfles.net EEDr. Rommel K. Manwong


100/239

S&'a&$*y is a broad design method@ a ,lan toattain a stated goal or ob8e(ti&es.

Ta!&! a s,e(if( design method or (o+rse o"

a(tion to attain a ,arti(+lar ob8e(ti&e in (onsonan(ewith strategy.

P'"!$+'$ 0 a seU+en(e o" a(ti&ities to rea(h a

,oint or to attain what is desired.

P"(!y 0 a ,rod+(t o" ,r+den(e or wisdom in the

management o" h+man a>airs.

www.rkmfles.net 1;;Dr. Rommel K. Manwong


101/239

G+$(#$s 0 a r+le o" a(tion "or the rank and fleto show them how they are e,e(ted to obtain the

desired e>e(t.

A(&$'#a&0$s C are means by whi(h goals and

ob8e(ti&es (an be attained. 7hey maybe ,oli(ies

strategies or a(tions aimed at eliminating a

,roblem

www.rkmfles.net 1;1Dr. Rommel K. Manwong


102/239

S&'a&$*! P(a###* 4 is a series o" ,reliminary

de(isions on a "ramework whi(h in t+rn g+ides

s+bseU+ent de(isions that generate the nat+reand dire(tion o" an organiLation.


Th$ S&'a&$*! P(a###* P'"!$ss


103/239

7!K 1 C De&elo, Mission and )b8e(ti&es

7!K 2 C Diagnose n&ironmental 7hreats =),,ort+nities

7!K 3 C ssess )rganiLational !trengths = Weaknesses

7!K 4 C Generate lternati&e !trategies 7!K / C De&elo, !trategi( 'lan

7!K C De&elo, 7a(ti(al 'lan

7!K : C ssess Res+lts o" !trategi( = 7a(ti(al 'lan

7!K A C Re,eat 'lanning 'ro(ess

#oteH SWOT nalysis


P"(!y Ma)#* a# P(a###*


104/239

=road >6ternal Policy Planning

the res,onsibility o" the legislati&e bran(h o" the go&ernment. the main (on(ern o" the ,oli(e in this broad eternal ,oli(y

,lanning is assisting the legislat+re in determining ,oli(e

g+ideline thro+gh the ,assage o" a,,ro,riate laws or ordinan(es"or the ,oli(e to en"or(e.

Internal Policy Planning

the res,onsibility o" the %J'#' and other (hie"s o" the di>erent

+nits or headU+arters within their area o" 8+risdi(tion to a(hie&ethe

ob8e(ti&es or mission o" the ,oli(e organiLation.

y * *


Wha& a'$ &h$ /as! !"#s$'a&"#s# P"(!$ P(a###*


105/239

Primary *octrines

-#DM#7< D)%7R5# 0 5s the basi( ,rin(i,le in ,lanningorganiLation and management o" the '#' in s+,,ort o" theo&erall ,+rs+its o" the '#' 9ision mission and strategi(a(tion ,lan o" the attainment o" the national ob8e(ti&es.

)'R75)#< D)%7R5# 0 re the ,rin(i,les and r+lesgo&erning the ,lanning organiLation and dire(tion andem,loyment o" the '#' "or(es in the a((om,lishment o"basi( se(+rity o,erational mission in the maintenan(e o",ea(e and order (rime ,re&ention and s+,,ression internalse(+rity and ,+bli( sa"ety o,eration.

-#%75)#< D)%7R5# 0 7his ,ro&ides g+idan(e "ors,e(ialiLed a(ti&ities o" the '#' in the broad feld o" interests+(h as ,ersonnel intelligen(e o,erations logisti(s,lanning et(.

# P"(!$ P(a###*

www.rkmfles.net 1;/Dr. Rommel K. Manwong

!econdary *octrines


106/239

!econdary *octrines

%)M'


107/239

76)R57 0 7he right to eer(ise de(ide and(ommand by &irt+e o" rank and ,osition.

D)%7R5# 0 5t ,ro&ides "or the organiLations

ob8e(ti&es. 5t ,ro&ides the &ario+s a(tions. 5t iswhere ,ro(ed+resJ,lans are based.

%))'R75)#J%))RD5#75)# D5!%5'


108/239

ccording to co2erage


109/239

!trategi( or


110/239

I#&$'-$a&$ "' M$+- Ra#*$P(a###*

5t relates to ,lans whi(h determine U+antity and U+alitye>orts and a((om,lishments. 5t re"ers to the ,ro(ess o"determining the (ontrib+tion on e>orts that (an make or,ro&ide with allo(ated reso+r(es.

Ea-%($s Master 'lan !andiganCMilenyo FntiC%rime Master 'lan Master 'lan !and+goJ l,ha F5!) Master 'lan $anat FntiC5llegal Dr+gs Master 'lan Master 'lan !angCingat F!e(+rity ),erations Master 'lan Master 'lan !aklolo FDisaster Management Master 'lan !angyaman F'rote(tion and 'reser&ation o" n&ironment

%+lt+ral 'ro,erties and #at+ral Reso+r(es Master 'lan


O%$'a&"#a( "' Sh"'& Ra#*$ P(a###*


111/239

5t re"ers to the ,rod+(tion o" ,lans whi(h

determine the s(hed+le o" s,e(ial a(ti&ity and

are a,,li(able "rom one week or less than year

d+ration. 'lan that addresses immediate need

whi(h are s,e(if( and how it (an bea((om,lished on time with a&ailable allo(atedreso+r(es.

am,le

)'


112/239

O R$a!&0$ P(a#s are de&elo,ed as a res+lt o"

(risis. ,arti(+lar ,roblem may o((+r "or

whi(h the de,artment has no ,lan and m+st

U+i(kly de&elo, one sometimes witho+t

(are"+l ,re,aration.O P'"a!&0$ P(a#s are de&elo,ed in

anti(i,ation o" ,roblems. ltho+gh not all,oli(e ,roblems are ,redi(table many are

and it is ,ossible"or a ,oli(e de,artment to ,re,are a res,onsein ad&an(e.

PLAN



113/239

Vs"#a'y P(a#s 4 statement o" &al+es to be +sed to g+idethe de(ision making ,ro(ess.

S&a##* P(a#s ,ro&ide the basi( "ramework "or

res,ondingto organiLational ,roblems.

F+#!&"#a( P(a#s C in(l+de the "ramework "or the o,erationo" the ma8or "+n(tional +nits in the organiLation s+(h as,atrol and in&estigations.



114/239

T-$4s%$!?! P(a#s are (on(erned with as,e(if( ,+r,ose and (on(l+de when anob8e(ti&e is

a((om,lished or a ,roblem is sol&ed.

P'"!$+'a( P(a#s 0 g+ides ro+tine and feld

),erations F. -ield 'ro(ed+resJ6V 'ro(ed+res



115/239

Ta!&!a( P(a#s 7hese are the ,ro(ed+res "or (o,ing with s,e(if(

sit+ations at known lo(ations s+(h as ,lans "or

dealing with an atta(k against b+ildings atta(k

against the '#' headU+arters by lawless elements

5t in(l+de ,lans "or blo(kade 8ail emergen(ies

s,e(ial (omm+nity e&ents s+(h as athleti( (ontest

,arades religio+s a(ti&ities (arni&als strikesdemonstrations and other street a>airs.


P"(!$ O%$'a&"#s


116/239

FIELD OPERATIONS C are o,erations in thefeld dire(ted by the ,oli(e (ommander andthe

s+bordinate (ommanders aimed at the

a((om,lishment o" the ,rimary tasks o" 0

T1FFI ? PT1OL% INV>!TI@TION

(Plus Vice ontrol and Au2enile ontrol)


S&a#a' O%$'a&#*P'"!$+'$s


117/239

O SOP 531 0 ')


118/239

SOP 513 0 'G


119/239

O O%(a# 8+-/" 0 &iation !e(+rity Gro+, !trategi( 'lan against terrorist atta(ks

O O%(a# Sa()"% 0 %5DG !trategi( 'lan against )rganiLed %rime Gro+,s F)%G

O OPLAN BANTAY DALAMPASIGAN that sets "orth the o,erational g+idelines

on the heightened se(+rity meas+res and sea borne se(+rity ,atrols.

O NAPOLCOM MC N". 2743 0 5nstit+tionaliLation o" the Do(trine o" %ommandRes,onsibility at all le&els o" %ommand in the '#'

O EO N". C 5nstit+tionaliLation o" the Do(trine o" %ommand Res,onsibility inall Go&ernment o*(es


OTHER OPERATIONAL GUIDELINES


120/239

P"(!$ B("&&$' ,oli(e blotter is a logbook that (ontains the daily registry o" all (rime

in(ident re,orts o*(ial s+mmaries o" arrest and other signif(ante&ents

re,orted in a ,oli(e station.

se,arate 'oli(e $lotter is maintained "or (rime in(ident re,ortsin&ol&ing

&iolen(e against women and (hildren and those (ases in&ol&ing a %5%<to

,rote(t their ,ri&a(y ,+rs+ant to Re,+bli( (t #+mber FR.. #o. E22

FntiC9iolen(e gainst Women and %hildren (t o" 2;;4 and

R.. #o. E344.



121/239

P"(!$ I#&$'0$#&"# O%$'a&"#sFarrest raid sear(h and seiL+re (he(k,oint

demolition (i&il dist+rban(e management

marked ,oli(e &ehi(le led by a 'oli(e %ommissioned )*(er ,ersonnel in ,res(ribed ,oli(e +ni"orm

&arning s"ot - not allowe!@



122/239

CONDUCT OF POLICE CHECKPOINT

7he establishment o" (he(k,oints m+st always be

a+thoriLed by the '#' and manned by +ni"ormed

'#' ,ersonnel assigned in the area.)ther +nits dire(tly in&ol&ed in an o,eration may

establish mobile (he(k,oints in (oordination with

the %ommander o" the nitJ!tation in the area.



123/239

P"(!$ Ch$!) P"#& C"-%"s&"#O 7eam


124/239

5nternal !e(+rity ),erations

7he '#' is mandated to ,ro&ide a(ti&e s+,,ort

to the -' in 5nternal !e(+rity ),erations

"or the s+,,ression o" the %omm+nist 7erroristMo&ement F%7M and other serio+s threats to

national se(+rity

(P'P lea! role - in .rban areas - s.staine! lawenforcement action)


Sa-%($s " &h$ PNPP'"*'a-s a# S&'a&$*$s


125/239

POLICE 333 'CR9#75)# and s+,,ression o" (rime thro+gh %)'! )CRDR maintenan(e ,ea(ekee,ing and internal

se(+rity


126/239

DREAMS

DC5!'R!< o" ,oli(eman "rom the headU+arters to the streetand enhan(ement o" (rime ,re&ention ,rogram

RC!7)R75)# o" tr+st and (onfden(e o" the ,eo,le on their,oli(e and gain (omm+nity s+,,ort

EC


127/239

www.rkmfles.net Dr. Rommel K. Manwong 12:

PART SI

POLICE INTELLIGENCEAND SECRET SERVICE


128/239

5" yo+ know the enemy and know yo+rsel" yo+ need not "ear the

res+lt o" a h+ndred battles.

5" yo+ know yo+rsel" and not the enemy "or e&ery &i(tory yo+are a "ool who will meet de"eat in e&ery battle 4 SUNT9U

gainst organiLed (rime internal a>airs

in my de"ensi&e arm@ 5ntelligen(e is my o>ensi&e arm. W.Pa')$'

Defnition o" 7erms


129/239

O Na&"#a( I#&$((*$#!$ 0 the total ,rod+(t o" intelligen(e de&elo,edby all go&ernmental agen(ies that (o&er the broad as,e(ts o" national

,oli(y and se(+rity.O M(&a'y I#&$((*$#!$ 0 it is +sed in the ,re,aration o" military

,oli(ies ,lans and ,rograms. 5t in(l+des the strategi( and (ombatintelligen(e.

O

S&'a&$*! I#&$((*$#!$ 0 that knowledge ,ertaining to the(a,abilities and ,robable (o+rses o" a(tion o" "oreign nations.O C"-/a& I#&$((*$#!$ 0 is reU+ired by the (ommander in order to

determine the best +se o" his a&ailable fre,ower and mane+&er"or(es to a((om,lish his mission and to maintain the se(+rity o" his(ommand.

O C"+#&$' I#&$((*$#!$ 0 an integral ,art o" all intelligen(e o,erations

and as s+(h (ant be se,arated "rom (ombat and strategi(intelligen(e. 5ts ob8e(ti&e is to sa"eg+ard in"ormation againstes,ionage material and installations against sabotage and ,ersonnelagainst s+b&ersi&e


130/239

O T$!h#!a( I#&$((*$#!$ 0 (on(erns "oreign te(hni(al de&elo,ments whi(h ha&ea ,ra(ti(al military a,,li(ation and the ,hysi(al (hara(teristi(s ,er"orman(e(a,abilities and limitations o" material and installation +sed by and "or "oreign.

O A'$a " O%$'a&"# 0 those as,e(ts o" the o,erational en&ironment e(l+si&e o"the militaryJ,oli(e "or(es in&ol&ed. 5t (on(erns weather e(onomi(s ,oliti(sso(iology hydrogra,hi( Fst+dy o" seas lakes et(. and (hara(teristi(s o" theen&ironment o" an area in whi(h militaryJ,oli(e o,erations are taking ,la(e or

,lanned.

O Ca%a/(&$s 0 "orm a ,oli(eJmilitary stand,oint enemy (a,abilities are (o+rseso" a(tion whi(h the enemy (an ado,t and whi(h i" ado,ted will in+en(ed thea((om,lishment o" the "riendly mission either "a&orable or not. -rom a broadernational stand,oint (a,abilities o" a nation are the a&ailable workable (o+rseso" a(tion to a((om,lish national ob8e(ti&es.

O

V+(#$'a/(&$s 0 nations &+lnerabilities are the weaknesses whi(h make its+s(e,tible to any a(tion whi(h red+(es its war ,otential and or its will to fght.

HISTORICAL FEATURES


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MOSES

)ne o" the frst re(orded "ormaliLed intelligen(e e>orts with"ormat (an also be "o+nd in the 6oly $ible #+mbers 13H1:

“$n! +oses sent t"em to spy o.t t"e lan! of anaan an!

sai! .nto t"em, get yo. .p t"is way so.t"war!, an! go .pinto t"e mo.ntainA an! see t"e lan!s, w"at it isA an! t"e people t"at !well t"erein, w"et"er t"ey are strong or weak,few or manyA an! w"at t"e lan! t"ey !welt in, w"et"er intents, or in strong"ol!sA an! w"at lan! isA w"et"er it be fator lean, w"et"er t"ere be woo! t"erein, or not* $n! be of

goo! co.rage an! bring of t"e fr.it of t"e lan!*” 7hes(ri,t+res also named the twel&e intelligen(e agents whomthe


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THE 1 MEN SENT BY MOSES TO SPY CANAAN

!6MM 76 !)# )- [%%R 0 7ribe o" Re+ben!6'7 76 !)# )- 6)R5 0 7ribe o" !imeon%


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RAHAB 7he 6arlot o" Beri(ho FBosh+a 2H1C21 whosheltered and (on(ealed the agents o"5srael made a (o&enant with the agents

and d+,ed their ,+rs+ers. !he was notonly an im,rom,t+ (on"ederate o"immense &al+e "or the Bewish leader o"that "ar distant day b+t also establisheda ,lotC,attern whi(h is still o" ,eriodi(relie" to motion ,i(t+re ,rod+(ers.


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DELILAH 7he 'hilistine +sed her when she allowed'hilistine s,ies to hide in her ho+se FB+dges1. Delilah was an im,rom,t+ intelligen(e

agent. ,art "rom her tonsorial s,e(ialty shealso allowed se to gain intelligen(e "rom a,ower"+l enemy. !he a(hie&ed the largeste>e(ti&e "or(e o" her em,loyers ad&ersaries

and (ontri&ing the stroke whi(h ,+t that"or(e o+t o"

a(tion.

IMPORTANT EVENTS AND PERSONALITIESIN THE WORLD OF INTELLIGENCE


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S+# T;+ %hinese ,hiloso,her (reator o" the7he rt o" War

“6nformation m.st be obtaine! from

men w"o knew t"e enemy sit.ation*”“Bnow t"y enemy an! know yo.rself,

yo. nee! not fear t"e res.lts of a".n!re! battles”

“6f yo. know yo.rself an! not t"eenemy, for every victory, yo. are a foolw"o will meet !efeat in every battle*”


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A($a#$' &h$ G'$a&

When leander the Great was

mar(hing to sia were r+mors o"disa>e(tion growing among his alliesand mer(enaries he so+ght the tr+thand got it by sim,lest e,edient by

de&ising the frst letter sorting ando,ening to obtain in"ormation.


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S$'&"'+s 6e was the Roman %ommander in !,ain who ,ossesseda White -awn and allowed it to be(ome widely known Cthat he deri&ed se(rets and g+idan(e "rom the "awn. 6isintelligen(e agents (redited their in"ormation to thes+,ernat+ral ,ower o" animals.

A)/a'

6e was known to be the saga(io+s master o" the6ind+stan. 6e em,loyed more than 4;;; agents "or thesole ,+r,ose o" bringing him the tr+th that his throne

might rest +,on it.


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G$#*hs Kha#

6e was known 7he Great Mongol who +sedintelligen(e to (onU+er %hina and in&ade %athay.

6e instr+(ted his Generals to send o+t s,ies and+sed ,risoners as so+r(es o" in"ormation. 7heleader o" the soC(alled M)#G)< %)#VR)R! Cmade +se o" e>e(ti&e ,ro,aganda ma(hine bys,reading r+mors o" Mongol 7error they

(olle(ted in"ormation on weaknesses andri&alries o" +ro,e. 7he leaders +s+ally disg+isedas mer(hants.


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O

RENAISSANCE PERIOD

With the rise o" #ationalism and de&elo,ment o" modern armiesintelligen(e be(ame a,,arent to large states. 5n ngland S'F'a#!s Wa(s#*ha- +nder V+een liLabeth organiLed the frst#ational 5ntelligen(e !er&i(e. 6e em,loyed s,ies on the sta> o" thedmiral in %ommand o" the !,anish rmy and able to obtain

in"ormation regarding !,anish rmy as to their shi,s eU+i,ment"or(es and stores. 6e ,rote(ted V+een liLabeth 5 "rom (o+ntlessassassins.

5n -ran(e R!h($+ 0 introd+(ed the network o" (o&ert (olle(torswho transmitted ,rom,t and a((+rate in"ormation to 'aris regardingthe a(ti&ities o" the rebels and dissidents o" the kingdom.

L"+s IV 0 systematiLed ,oliti(al ,oli(y (ontin+o+s s+r&eillan(e,ostal (ensorshi, and military intelligen(e organiLation were his(ontrib+tions.


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7he Frenc' Intelligence !ystem (ontin+ed sin(e 1/th%ent+ry.

Na%"($"# B"#a%a'&$ on(e said )ne !,y in the right,la(e is worth 2;;;; men in the feld. 6e organiLed two$+rea+s o" 5nterestH =ureau o Intelligence 0 whi(h

(onsolidate all in(oming in"ormation regarding the enemy"or ,resentation to the em,eror and to obtain in"ormationas desired and Topograp'ic =ureau 0 whi(h maintainsa large ma, whi(h (o&ers the latest in"ormation regardingboth enemy and "riendly "or(es. 6e maintained Military5ntelligen(e and !e(ret 'oliti(al 'oli(e !er&i(e all o&er

+ro,e. 6is main arm was Spy against spy” (on(e,t*


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F'$$'!) &h$ G'$a&

6e was known as the -Fat'er o Organized Bilitary>spionage/

6e has di&ided his agents into "o+r (lassesHO ommon spies 0 those re(r+ited among ,oor "olk glad to earn

a small s+m or to a((ommodate as military o*(er.O 5o.ble spies 0 are +nreliable renegades (hiey in&ol&ed in

s,reading "alse in"ormation to the enemy.O Spies of onseC.ences 0 (o+riers and noblemen sta>

o*(ers and kindred (ons,irators reU+iring a s+bstantialbribe or bait

O 'ersons who were "or(ed to +ndertake es,ionage against theirown will.


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Ha##/a(6e was (onsidered one o" the brilliant military strategists inthe history o" military intelligen(e. 6e had de&elo,ed ane>e(ti&e intelligen(e system "or 1/ years in Rome. 6e +s+allyroam aro+nd the (ity o"ten disg+ise himsel" as a beggar togather frst hand in"ormation.

8+(+s Ca$sa'

D+ring his time the sta> o" ea(h Roman


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O G$"'*$ Wash#*&"# %ons,irator +nder oath abo+nds in the history o" e&ery nation.

George Washington was grand master in intelligen(e. 6e mobiliLedthe -ree Masons o" the (olonies at the o+tbreak o" the meri(an waro" 5nde,enden(e.

O Ka'( S!h+(-$s&$'6e was #a,oleons eye #a,oleons military se(ret born on +g+st /1::;. 6e began his (areer in o>ensi&e es,ionage +nder a (o&er role.

6e was able to infltrate the +strian General !ta>.

O W(h$(- S&$/$'6e in(or,orated intelligen(e in the General !ta> !+,,ort !ystem. 6e"+rther de&i(e military (ensorshi, and organiLed military ,ro,aganda.6e introd+(ed military (ensorshi, and organiLed military ,ro,aganda.6e works as a (ens+s taker and de&elo,ed in"ormal gathering o" data.

O A('$ R$(6e was one o" the most brilliant intelligent agents. 7ho+gh ahomose+al he be(ame %hie" o" the +stro 0 6+ngarian !e(ret!er&i(e. 6e be(ame a do+ble agent o" R+ssia.


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B'ah-a Ka+&(ya

5n n(ient 5ndia he o&erthrew the #anda Dynasty andestablished the frst MR# king in the 5ndianthrone. 6e re(ommended to his king that "or the r+lerto s+((eed the r+ler sho+ld strike at his enemys weak,oints by means o" s,ies. 6e ,ro,osed the "ollowingmeans to (onU+er enemys strongholdH 5ntrig+es ands,ies C Winning o&er enemys ,eo,le C !iege and assa+ltC $e"ore beginning military o,eration a (onU+erorsho+ld know the (om,arati&e strength and weaknesses

o" himsel" and his enemy. #o war sho+ld be +ndertakenwitho+t (are"+l eamination o" all "a(tors re,orted bythe kings s,ies.


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O

Ma. G$#$'a( D"#"0a#6e was the organiLer o" the )!! b+ilder o" a (entralintelligen(e system C )!! whose e,loits be(ome legendary inWorld War 55.

O V Ra!)$&s 4 )!! agents working in (on8+n(tion with the$ritish 5ntelligen(e thro+gh ,enetration and te(hni(alintelligen(e dis(o&ered '+nem+ndo whi(h was the 92 g+ide

missile resear(h ,ro8e(t o" #aLi Germany. 5t res+lted to itsdestr+(tion and hea&y bombing.O Ba&&($ " M


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O S&a&$ I#"'-$'

dward 5 King o" ngland in 1:2/ organiLed a systemati( ,oli(esystem so (alled Wit(h and Ward. $y Royal ,ro(lamation the,ro"ession !tate 5n"ormer was (reated in 1:34 en8oining allin"ormers to e,ose (riminal a(ti&ities and be (om,ensated.

O 8"s$%h F"+!h$

-Fat'er o Police Intelligence Operations/. -ren(hmanborn in 1:/E rose to be(ome the most "eared and res,e(tedintelligen(e dire(tor in -ren(h history. 6e (reated a network o"agent. 6is assistan(e "o+nded the modern system o" s,ying ons,ies whi(h later was known as (o+nter es,ionage.

O 8"s$%h P$&'"s#"

6e was member o" the #ew ork 'oli(e De,artment in early1E;; he was the head o" the 5talian !U+ad. 7hro+gh etensi&eintelligen(e network he was (redited to smash andne+traliLation o" the $la(k !o(iety.


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O F$$'a( B+'$a+ " I#0$s&*a&"#-irst established in 1E;A as an in&estigati&e arm o" the .!. De,artment o"

B+sti(e and be(ame what is known as the -.$.5. +nder its frst dire(tor Bohndgar 6oo&er in 1E24. )n !e,tember 1E3E by a ,residential dire(ti&e it(ame to its res,onsibility the task o" a domesti( intelligen(e.

O C$#&'a( I#&$((*$#!$ A*$#!y C 7he agen(y was (reated +nder the !#ational !e(+rity (t o" 1E4:. 5t was the %entral 5ntelligen(e gro+,established d+ring the time o" 'resident 7r+man in Ban+ary 1E4. 7he %5was +nder the #ational !e(+rity %o+n(il.

O C"--&&$$ "' S&a&$ S$!+'&y 4 R+ssia C 7he 5ntelligen(e agen(y knownas the KGB C Komitet Gos+darst&ennoy $eLo,asnosti FKG$

O B'&sh S$!'$& S$'0!$ 0 Great $ritain

O

M"ssa 0 5srael

O B'&a#: S!"&(a# Ya', L"#"# M$&'"%"(&a# P"(!$ F"'!$5t was established by !ir Robert 'eel in 1A2E whi(h signaled the beginning o"a (olor"+l legendary ,oli(e "or(e and (onsidered one o" the most e*(ient inthe world today.

5ntelligen(e and the WorldWars


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WORLD WAR 1

O 1E;; 0 +ro,e ,owers de&elo,ed modern sta> systems and ,la(e intelligen(eon the same le&el with ,ersonnel o,erations and logisti(s. 5ntelligen(e then"+n(tioned in time o" ,ea(e and war. 5ntelligen(e d+ring this ,eriod(on(entrated on in"ormation abo+t the armed "or(es o" the enemy and their(a,abilities. 5R%R-7 was introd+(ed as a method o" (ond+(ting aerialre(onnaissan(e. W5R


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WORLD WAR II

O GRM# 5#7


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O ! 5#7e(tion among !o&iet troo,s and antiC(omm+nism in any "orm. 5ts f&e ma8or di&isions areH dministration ),eration5n&estigation 'rose(+tion and 'ersonnel.


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POST WAR PERIOD: Th$ s+%$'%"


152/239

O F'$#!h I#&$((*$#!$ Sys&$- 7he !D% D D)%M#775)# 7R5R 7 DR %)#7R!'5)#G F!D%C-)R5G# 5ntelligen(e and (o+nterintelligen(e!er&i(e was +nder the o*(e o" the 'rime Minister. G#R< %6R


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5ntelligen(e is sometimes des(ribed as a world o" de(eit and

betrayal. !ome o" the high ,ersonalities whi(h e&iden(e thisdes(ri,tion areH

BD576 %)'


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I#&$((*$#!$ D$?#$

O &ebster defnes intelligen(e as the (a,a(ity "or +nderstanding and "orother "orms o" ada,ti&e intelle(t o" beha&ior@ the mind in o,eration@ the,ower o" meeting any sit+ation es,e(ially a no&el sit+ation s+((ess"+llyby ,ro,er beha&ior ad8+stments@ the ability to a,,rehend theinterrelationshi,s o" ,resented "a(ts in s+(h a way as to g+ide a(tiontowards goal@ knowledge o" an e&ent (ir(+mstan(es et(. re(ei&ed orim,arted@ the gathering or distrib+tion o" in"ormation@ the sta> o" ,ersonsengaged in obtaining s+(h in"ormation.

O 3ase on Psyc"ology4 5ntelligen(e is the (a,a(ity o" a ,erson to ad8+st tonew sit+ations thro+gh the +se o" what has been ,re&io+sly learned.

O $ccor!ing to Government 4 ommission 2ask Force 4 5t means the(olle(tion ,ro(essing (ollation inter,retation e&al+ation anddissemination o" in"ormation with re"eren(es to national se(+rity. 5n

(ertain (ontet it may also mean the network or the system "or the(olle(tion (ollation inter,retation e&al+ation ,ro(essing anddissemination o" in"ormation. 7he term as +sed here doesnt in(l+de any,oli(e ,owers or a+thorities any in&estigati&e "+n(tion other than thosein&ol&e in the (olle(tion o" in"ormation nor any "+n(tion in&ol&ed in theen"or(ement o" laws orders or reg+lation.


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ccording to Bilitary Terminologies % I#&$((*$#!$ s&h$ $# %'"+!& '$s+(&#* '"- &h$ !"(($!&"#,$0a(+a&"#, a#a(yss, #&$*'a&"# a# #&$'%'$&a&"# "a(( a0a(a/($ #"'-a&"#


156/239

%O Bilitary 0 o>ensi&e and de"ensi&e ta(ti(s war ,lans

strategi( (on(e,ts and ta(ti(al ,rin(i,les organiLationsinstallations ind+strial lease armed "or(es (ommandstr+(t+re (ommand ,ersonnel material ta(ti(s morale

O @eneral 0 to,ogra,hi(al and hydrogra,hi( (hara(teristi(shistori(al ba(kgro+nds

O

*iplomatic 0 "oreign ,oli(ies allian(es di,lomati(establishment "oreign ser&i(e ,ersonnel te(hniU+e o"(ond+(ting "oreign relations

O Political 0 ideology traditions instit+tions ,ersonalitiesarea o" "ri(tion

O ommunications and Transportation 0 tele,hones

telegra,hs wireless railways shi,,ing a+tomobiles andtr+(ks highways a&iation ownershi, ,oli(iesorganiLation ,ersonnel


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O !ocial 0 nationality str+(t+re (lasses and (aste histori(al "a(tors

(ens+s ,ersonal as,e(ts (hara(teristi(s and mentality o" ,eo,le"or(es so(ial legislation radio tele&ision ,ress motion ,i(t+re

O Intelligence 0 organiLations methods and ,ersonnel o" (om,etingintelligen(e system

O >conomic % )n e(onomi(s the areas are onH

-inan(ial 0 Monetary ,oli(ies %+rren(y str+(t+re 7ransa(tions5nstit+tions 'ersonalities

%ommer(ial 0 trade ,oli(ies markets trading methods ,ri(e ,oli(ies,ersonalities

5nd+strial 0 str+(t+re o" %a,a(ity man+"a(t+ring ,lants and ,ro(essesraw material energy rotations labor relations ,ersonalities

Mining 0 Mineral Reso+r(es 'rod+(tion method )+t,+tgri(+lt+re 0 ,oli(ies (ro, str+(t+re (+lti&ation method me(haniLationfnan(ing s,e(if( (hara(teristi(s o" r+ral ,o,+lation

P'#!%($s " I#&$((*$#!$


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O bectivity C in intelligen(e only the well g+ided s+((eed. 5t is abasi( intelligen(e (on(e,t that there m+st be +nity betweenknowledge and a(tion. 5t "ollows there"ore that intelligen(e sho+ldintera(t and (ondition the de(ision. 5ntelligen(e m+st be ada,tedto the needs o" the de(ision@ it is both gi&er and taker. (tion orde(ision is ,lanned by knowledge and g+ided by it at e&ery ste,.

O 6nter!epen!ence C 5ntelligen(e is artif(ially s+bdi&ided into(om,onent elements to ins+re (om,lete (o&erage eliminated+,li(ation and to red+(e the o&erall task or manageable siLes.#e&ertheless ea(h s+bdi&ision remains as essential ,art o" +nity@(ontrib+tes ,ro,ortionately to the end res+lt@ ,ossesses a ,re(iseinterrelationshi,@ and intera(ts with ea(h other so as to a(hie&e abalan(ed and harmonio+s whole.

O ontin.ity C 5ntelligen(e m+st be (ontin+o+s. 5t is ne(essary that(o&erage be (ontin+o+s so that the sha,e o" what ha,,ens today(o+ld be st+died in the light o" what ha,,ened be"ore whi(h int+rn wo+ld enable +s to ,redi(t the sha,e o" things to (ome.


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O omm.nication C 5ntelligen(e adeU+ate to their needs m+st be(omm+ni(ated to all the de(ision makers in manner that theywill +nderstand and "orm that will ,ermit its most e>e(ti&e +se.

O /sef.lness C 5ntelligen(e is +seless i" it remains in the minds orin the fles o" its (olle(tors or its ,rod+(ers. 7he story m+st be

told and it m+st be told well. 7he story m+st be (on&in(ing andto be (on&in(ing it m+st not only be ,la+sible or "a(t+al b+t itssignif(an(e m+st be shown.

O Selection C 5ntelligen(e sho+ld be essential and ,ertinent to the,+r,ose at hand. 5ntelligen(e in&ol&es the ,lowing thro+gh amaLe o" in"ormation (onsidering inn+merable n+mber o" means

or o" ,i(king the most ,romising o" a m+ltit+de o" leads. 7hereU+irement o" de(isionCmaking (o&ers &ery nearly the entires,an o" h+man knowledge. nless there is sele(tion o" only themost essential and the ,ertinent intelligen(e will go o> in alldire(tions in one mon+mental waste o" e>ort.


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O 2imeliness C 5ntelligen(e m+st be (omm+ni(atedto the de(ision maker at the a,,ro,riate time to,ermit its most e>e(ti&e +se. 7his is one o" themost im,ortant and most ob&io+s "or5ntelligen(e that is too soon or too late are

eU+ally +seless. 7imeliness is one ,rin(i,le that(om,lements all the others.

O Sec.rity C !e(+rity is a(hie&ed by the meas+res

whi(h intelligen(e takes to ,rote(t and ,reser&ethe integrity o" its a(ti&ities. 5" intelligen(e hasno se(+rity it might be as well being r+n like anews,a,er to whi(h it is similar.

G$#$'a( A!&0&$s


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O

S&'a&$*! I#&$((*$#!$ 0 it is an intelligen(e a(ti&ity whi(h is ,rimarily longrange in nat+re with little ,ra(ti(al immediate o,eration &al+e.

O L#$ I#&$((*$#!$ 0 it is an intelligen(e a(ti&ity that has the immediatenat+re and &al+e ne(essary "or more e>e(ti&e ,oli(e ,lanning and o,eration.

O Na&"#a( I#&$((*$#!$ C it is the integrated ,rod+(t o" intelligen(e de&elo,edby all the go&ernmental bran(hes de,artments (on(erning the broad as,e(to" national se(+rity and ,oli(y. 5t is (on(erned to more than one de,artment oragen(y and it is not ,rod+(ed by single entity. 5t is +sed to (oordinate all thea(ti&ities o" the go&ernment in de&elo,ing and ee(+ting integrated andnational ,oli(ies and ,lans.

O C"+#&$'4I#&$((*$#!$ 0 ,hase o" intelligen(e (o&ering the a(ti&ity de&oted indestroying the e>e(ti&eness o" hostile "oreign a(ti&ities and to the ,rote(tiono" in"o against es,ionage s+b&ersion and sabotage.

O U#$'!"0$' W"') 0 is an in&estigati&e ,ro(ess in whi(h disg+ises and,retet (o&er and de(e,tion are +sed to gain the (onfden(e o" (riminals+s,e(ts "or the ,+r,ose o" determining the nat+re and etent o" any (riminala(ti&ities that maybe (ontem,lating or ,er,et+ating.

F+#!&"#a( C(ass?!a&"#" P"(!$ I#&$((*$#!$


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O C'-#a( I#&$((*$#!$ 0 re"ers to theknowledge essential to the ,re&ention o" (rimesand the in&estigation arrest and ,rose(+tion o"(riminal o>enders.

O I#&$'#a( S$!+'&y I#&$((*$#!$ 0 re"ers to theknowledge essential to the maintenan(e o",ea(e and order.

O P+/(! Sa$&y I#&$((*$#!$ 0 re"ers to the

knowledge essential to ens+re the ,rote(tion o"li&es and ,ro,erties.

F"'-s " I#&$((*$#!$


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O

S"!"("*!a( I#&$((*$#!$ 0 deals with the demogra,hi( and,sy(hologi(al as,e(ts o" gro+,s o" ,eo,le. 5t in(l+des the ,o,+lationand man,ower and the (hara(teristi(s o" the ,eo,le ,+bli( o,inion 0attit+de o" the ma8ority o" the ,eo,le towards matter o" ,+bli( ,oli(yand ed+(ation.

O B"*'a%h!a( I#&$((*$#!$ 0 deals with indi&id+als ,ersonalitieswho ha&e a(t+al ,ossession o" ,ower.

O A'-$ F"'!$ I#&$((*$#!$ 0 deals with the armed "or(es o" thenation. 5t in(l+des the ,osition o" the armed "or(es the (onstit+tionaland legal basis o" its (reation and a(t+al role the organiLationalstr+(t+re and territorial dis,osition and the military man,owerre(r+itment and )rder o" $attle

O

G$"*'a%h!a( I#&$((*$#!$ 0 deals with the ,rogress o" resear(hand de&elo,ment as it a>e(ts the e(onomi( and military ,otential o"a nation.

THREE KINDS OF INTELLIGENCE


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S&'a&$*! I#&$((*$#!$ 0 as defned earlier it is anintelligen(e data that are not o" an immediate &al+e. 5t is+s+ally des(ri,ti&e in nat+re a((+m+lation o" ,hysi(aldes(ri,tion o" ,ersonalities mod+s o,erandi. 5t does notha&e immediate o,erational &al+e b+t rather long range thatmay be(ome rele&ant to "+t+re ,oli(e o,erations.

L#$ I#&$((*$#!$ 0 5t is the kind o" intelligen(e reU+ired bythe (ommander to ,ro&ide "or ,lanning and (ond+(t ta(ti(aland administrati&e o,eration in (o+nter ins+rgen(y. 7his,ertains to knowledge o" 'eo,le Weather nemy and 7errain PWET +sed in ,lanning and (ond+(ting ta(ti(al andadministrati&e o,eration in a (o+nter ins+rgen(y.


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5ntelligen(e in"ormation to be determined in L#$I#&$((*$#!$ areH

O P$"%($ C li&ing (ondition o" the ,eo,le so+r(es o" in(omeed+(ation o" the ,eo,le go&ernment li&elihood ,ro8e(tsetent o" enemy in+en(e to the ,eo,le

O W$a&h$' 0 &isibility (lo+dy tem,erat+re ,re(i,itationFrain wind

O E#$-y 4 (o(ation o" the enemy strength o" the enemydis,osition ta(ti(al (a,ability enemy &+lnerability

O T$''a# C relie" and drainage system &egetation s+r"a(e

material man made "eat+res. 7here are military as,e(ts o"terrain whi(h in(l+des (o&er and (on(ealment obsta(le(riti(al key terrain "eat+res obser&ation and felds o" freand a&en+es o" a,,roa(h.


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O

C"+#&$' I#&$((*$#!$ CI 4 this kind o" intelligen(e(o&ers the a(ti&ity de&oted in destroying thee>e(ti&eness o" hostile "oreign a(ti&ities and to the,rote(tion o" in"o against es,ionage s+b&ersion andsabotage. 6en(e the three a(ti&ities o" %5 areH,rote(tion o" in"ormation against es,ionage@ ,rote(tion

o" ,ersonnel against s+b&ersion@ and ,rote(tion o"installations and material against sabotage.

Meas+res in %5 m+st be both ,assi&e and a(ti&e. 'assi&emeas+res are those meas+res whi(h seek to (on(ealin"o "rom the enemy while a(ti&e meas+res are thosewhi(h seek a(ti&ely to blo(k the enemys e>orts to gainin"o or engage in es,ionage s+b&ersion or sabotage.


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%o+nter 5ntelligen(e is also known asN$*a&0$ I#&$((*$#!$

C a generi( termmeaning three di>erent things@

O !ecurity Intelligence 0 means that the total s+m o" e>orts to (o+nsel thenational ,oli(ies di,lomati( de(isions military data and any other in"ormationo" a se(ret nat+re a>e(ting the se(+rity o" the nation "orm +na+thoriLed,ersons. 5t is an e>ort to deny in"ormation to +na+thoriLed ,ersons byrestri(ting to those who are e,li(itly a+thoriLed to ,ossess it.

O ounter%Intelligence 4 (o+nter intelligen(e is the organiLed e>ort to ,rote(ts,e(if( data that might be o" &al+e to the o,,onents own intelligen(eorganiLation. !ome o" its "+n(tions areH ensors"ip 0 o" the "ollowingH(orres,onden(e broad(ast tele(ast tele,hone (on&ersations telegrams and(ables et(. ,re&ention o" the dissemination o" any in"ormation that might aidan o,,onent@ maintenan(e o" fles o" s+s,e(t@ s+r&eillan(e o" s+s,e(ts@ mailreading wire ta,,ing and re(ording@ infltration o" the enemy intelligen(eorganiLed to ,ro(+re in"ormation abo+t its method ,ersonal s,e(if( o,erationsand interest.

O ounter%>spionage 4 5n (o+nterCes,ionage negati&e intelligen(e be(omes adynami( and a(ti&e e>ort. 5ts ,+r,ose is to in&estigate a(t+al or theoreti(al&iolation o" es,ionage laws to en"or(e those laws and to a,,rehend any&iolators.

F0$ Ca&$*"'$s " CI O%$'a&"#


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F0$ Ca&$*"'$s " CI O%$'a&"#O M(&a'y S$!+'&y 0 it en(om,asses the meas+res taken

by a (ommand to ,rote(t itsel" against es,ionage enemyo,eration sabotage s+b&ersion or s+r,rise. am,les areH

!e(re(y dis(i,line C !,e(ial sa"eg+arding o" (lassifedin"ormation C !e(+rity o" troo, mo&ement C !,e(ialhandling o" weather = es(a,es C %o+nter s+b&ersion with inthe armed "or(es C 7a(ti(al meas+res in (ombat area

O P"'& F'"#&$' a# T'a0$( S$!+'&y 0 has to do with thea,,li(ation o" both military and (i&il se(+rity meas+res "or%5 (ontrol at ,oint o" entry and de,art+re internationalborders or bo+ndaries. am,les areH!e(+rity s(reeningand (ontrol o" "rontier !e(+rity (ontrol o" mer(hants

seaman and (rew o" (ommer(ial air(ra"t !e(+rity (ontrol o""rontier (rossing ,oint

!e(+rity (ontrol o" sea,orts


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O

C0( S$!+'&y 0 it en(om,asses a(ti&e and ,assi&e %5meas+res a>e(ting the nonCmilitary nationals,ermanently or tem,orarily residing in an area +ndermilitary 8+risdi(tion. am,les areH !ystemati(registration o" (i&ilians and aliens

%ontrol o" (ir(+lation %+r"ew !+r&eillan(e o" s+s,e(ted

,oliti(al organiLations !e(+rity s(reening o" labor5ss+an(e o" ,asses and ,ermits %ontrol o" internal(ommer(e

O C$#s"'sh% 0 it is the (ontrol and eamination o" the(i&il national armed "or(es feld ,ress and ')Ws.

O S%$!a( O%$'a&"#s 0 (o+nter s+b&ersion sabotageand es,ionage


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THE INTELLIGENCE CYCLE


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P)S. 1

PANNNG #)E COEC#ONE&&OR#

P)S. 2

COEC#ON O&N&OR4A#ON

P)S. 3

PROCEBBNG #)ECOEC#E< N&OR4A#ON

P)S. &


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7his ,hase o" the (y(le in&ol&e thedetermination o" the reU+irements o"intelligen(e. 5t is (on(erned withidenti"ying the so (alled >ssential

>lement o Inormation (>>I) % anitem o" intelligen(e or in"ormation o" the(hara(teristi(s o" the area o" o,erationsand the enemy whi(h the (ommander

"eels he needs be"ore he needs be"orehe (an reasonably arri&e at a de(ision.


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O What are their (a,abilities and&+lnerabilities?

O What are the ,hysi(al (hara(teristi(s o" the,robable area o" o,eration?

O What ma8or ,oli(ies ,lans and de(isionsm+st be made in the near "+t+re?

O What ste, m+st be taken to ,reser&e these(+rity o" the nation?

O What is the in"ormation reU+ired by thehigher lower or ad8a(ent e(helons within thego&ernment or armed "or(es?

PHASE C"(($!&"# " #"'-a&"#


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7his ,hase o" the (y(le is (on(erned with identif(ationo" the (olle(ting agen(y the "orm+lation o" ,ro(ed+reson the manner o" (olle(ting the in"ormation in(on8+n(tion with the ,lans as a(hie&ed in ,hase one.

O Bet'ods o ollection 0 in"ormation (an be (olle(ted

thro+gh o&ert method Fo,en system or (o&ert methodFse(retJ(landestine.O ollecting gencies 0 de,ending on the ty,e o"

o,eration the (olle(ting agen(y (o+ld be Go&ernmentgen(ies 5ntelligen(e +nits or )rganiLations

O Trade rats 0 in(l+des the +se o" ,hotogra,hy

in&estigations J eli(itation J interrogation s+r&eillan(eso+nd eU+i,ment s+rre,titio+s entry 0 keys and lo(ks+se o" an artist (omm+ni(ation

PHASE P'"!$ss#* &h$ C"(($!&$ I#"'-a&"#


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O 7his ,hase o" the (y(le is (on(erned with the eamination and (ollationo" all (olle(ted in"ormation.

!teps in Processing 1a3 Inormation

C"(($!&"# 0 organiLation o" raw data and in"ormation into +sable "orm@gro+,ing similar items o" in"ormation so that they will be readilya((essible.

R$!"'#* 0 is the red+(tion o" in"o into writing or some other "orm o"gra,hi(al re,resentation and the arranging or this in"o into writing orsome "orm o" gra,hi(al re,resentation and the arranging o" this intogro+,s o" related items. 'oli(e log book and Bo+rnal 5ntelCwork !heet C5ntel -iles !it+ation Ma,s C Ro+ges Gallery Mod+s ),erandi -ilesE0a(+a&"# 0 eamination o" raw in"ormation to determine intelligen(e&al+e ,ertinen(e o" the in"ormation reliability o" the so+r(e andagen(y and its (redibility or tr+th o" in"ormation.

>2aluation is the determination o" the ,ertinen(e o" the in"o to theo,eration reliability o" the so+r(e o" or agen(y and the a((+ra(y o" thein"o.


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ACCRAC

1 / onfir$ed 'yother

2 / Pro'a'ly true

3 / Possi'ly true& / ou'tfully true4 / *$pro'a'le6 / 'ruth !annot 'e Hudged

REA9#) / o$pletely

relia'leB / /sually relia'le

/ 5airly relia'le / "ot usually

relia'le. / /nrelia'le

5 / ( elia'ility !annot'e Hudged


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s to !o+r(e o"5n"oT4 Dire(t )bser&ation by %omdrJ%h" o" nit

U4 Re,ort by D' or Resident gent

V4 Re,ort by '#'J-' 7roo,sW4 5nterrogation o" %a,t+red nemy

4 )bser&ation o" go&tJ(i&ilian em,loyee

Y 0 )bser&ation "rom ,o,+la(e

94 Do(+mentary

PHASE @Dss$-#a&"# Us$ " I#"'-a&"#


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7his ,hase o" the (y(le re"ers to thea(ti&ities o" trans"erring the ,ro(essedin"ormation to the ,ro,er +sers most,arti(+larly the a+thority that reU+ires the

a(ti&ity. 'ro(essed in"ormation (an bedisseminated thro+gh annees estimatesbriefng message re,orts o&erlays andor s+mmaries.


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Bet'ods o *isseminationO -ragmentary orders "rom to, to bottom

o" the (ommand

O

Memorand+m (ir(+lars s,e(ial ordersO ),erations order oral or written

O %on"eren(e 0 sta> members

O )ther re,ort and intelligen(edo(+ments

O 'ersonal %onta(t


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,'o are t'e users o intelligence0O #ational leaders and military (ommanders 0

"orm+lation and im,lementation o" national ,oli(ies.

O d&isors and !ta> 0 ,re,arations o" ,lans and

estimatesO -riendly nations or other bran(hes o" the armed "or(es.

O 'ro(essor 0 basis "or e&al+ation and inter,retation.

O 6ead J (hairman o" an organiLation

O

ny ,erson with a+thority "or ,+r,oses o" ,lanning.

INFORMATIONAND ITS SOURCES


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5#-)RM75)# 5! 76


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INFORMATION

5n"ormation re"ers to all e&al+ated materials o" e&ery des(ri,tion

in(l+ding those deri&ed "rom obser&ation re,orts r+mors

imagery and other so+r(es "rom whi(h intelligen(e in ,rod+(ed.

5n"ormation is a (omm+ni(ated knowledge by others obtainingby ,ersonal st+dy in&estigation resear(h analysis obser&ation.

T


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O0$'& I#&$((*$#!$ 0 is the gathering o" in"ormation or do(+ments,ro(+red o,enly witho+t regard as to whether the s+b8e(t or target

be(ome knowledgeable o" the ,+r,oseO%$# S"+'!$s: 5n(l+des in"ormation taken "rom

O nemy a(ti&ityO ')W and %i&iliansO %a,t+red do(+mentsO Ma, C Weather "ore(ast st+dies re,ort C gen(ies

O C"0$'& I#&$((*$#!$ 0 is the se(ret ,ro(+rement o" in"ormationwhi(h is obtained witho+t the knowledge o" the ,erson or ,ersonssa"eg+arding

&ital intelligen(e interest.C("s$ S"+'!$sH 5n(l+de in"ormation whi(h maybe taken thro+ghH

O !+r&eillan(eO %asing and li(itationO !+rre,titio+s entryO m,loyment o" te(hni(al means F$+gging and 7a,,ing de&i(eO 7a(ti(al 5nterrogationO )bser&ation and Des(ri,tion F)D

PERSONS AS SOURCES OF INFORMATION

I & N & 5t i t ll d " l h


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I#"'-a#& N$& 0 5t is a (ontrolled gro+, o" ,eo,le who

worked thro+gh the dire(tion o" the agent handler. 7hein"ormants ,rin(i,al or (+to+ts s+,,ly the agenthandler dire(tly or indire(tly with 5ntel in"ormation

I#"'-a#&s Ass$& ,eo,le sele(ted as so+r(es o"

in"ormation whi(h (o+ld be &ol+ntary or in(onsideration o" a ,ri(e.

O I#"'-a#& 0 re"ers to a ,erson who gi&es in"ormation tothe ,oli(e &ol+ntarily or in&ol+ntarily with o+t any(onsideration

O I#"'-$' 0 those who gi&e in"ormation to the ,oli(e "or

,ri(e or reward

T I &


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Ty%$s " I#"'-a#&s

O C'-#a( I#"'-a#& a# #"'-a#&


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S+/4&y%$ " I#"'-a#&O

I#!$#&a( I#"'-a#& 0 a ,erson who (as+ally im,artsin"ormationto an o*(er with no intention o" ,ro&iding s+bseU+ent in"ormation

O R$!'+&$ I#"'-a#& 0 ,erson who is sele(ted (+lti&atedand de&elo,ed into a (ontin+o+s so+r(e o" in"o

Ca&$*"'$s " R$!'+&$ I#"'-a#&s:O S%"#&a#$"+s "' A+&"-a&! I#"'-a#&

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