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Training Programme on“Urban Transport”
COMPREHENSIVE MOBILITY PLAN 26-09-2013
DIRECTORATE OF URBAN LAND TRANSPORT
URBAN DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT
• Increase in:
o Population, Economic growth, Industrialization;
o Urbanization, Vehicular ownership.
• Effects:
o Pollution, Congestion
o Change in mobility pattern
o Increased use of personalized vehicles
o Parking, increased travels, travel time
Urban Scenario
13.05 13.52 13.37 14.63
16.25 19.423.58
29.29
37.1344.94
52.85
61.13
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011
PO
PU
LA
TIO
N (
in m
illi
on
)
Years
POPULATION TRENDS
Population: 61 million
Increasing urban population
o 39% population in urban areas
o Projected to increase to > 50% by
20300
10
20
30
40
50
1971 1981 1991 2001 2011
Pe
rce
nta
ge
of U
rba
n P
op
ula
tio
n
(%
)
Year
Urban Population Growth
India Urban Population
Karnataka Urban Population
City Corporations Population (Persons)
Mysore 9,83,389
Mangalore 4,95,028
Bellary 25,32,383*
Gulbarga 25,64,892*
Belgaum 47,78,439*
Hubli-Dharwad 9,43,800
Bangalore 95,88,910
Davanagere 19,46,905*
Source: Census of India-2011.
City Corporations
8%5%
3%
4%
5%
7%
65%
3%
Population Distribution, %
Mysore
Mangalore
Bellary
Gulbarga
Belgaum
Hubli-
Dharwad
Bangalore
Davanagere
Other Major Cities in Karnataka
Major Cities Population (Persons)
Shimoga 3,22,428
Hospet 2,06,090
Bidar 2,43,730
Bijapur 2,36,360
Tumkur 3,37,524
Raichur 2,32,456
Udupi 1,25,350
Chitradurga 1,60,378
17%
11%
11%
17%
16%
12%
9%
7%
Population Distribution, %
Shimoga
Hospet
Bidar
Bijapur
Tumkur
Raichur
Udupi
Chitradurga
Source: Census of India-2011.
o Increase in Number of registered vehicles i.e.2.7 times
from last decade
o Avg Growth rate of vehicles is 10% as compared to 3 %
growth rate of population.
o More than 70 % of Registered vehicles are 2 wheelers
o Public Transport is facing threat from private modes of
transport.
o Non Motorised Transport is declining.
o One in two persons has a vehicle in Bangalore.
Urban Transport - Vehicular Growth
Source: Annual Report, 2012-13 Transport Dept, GOK.
Vehicular Growth - Karnataka
36.9239.66
44.8348.75
54.35
60.19
69.4
75.19
82.94
90.44
99.3
109.09
120.63
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Ve
hic
les
(L
ak
hs
)
Years
Mode ShareKARNATAKA
BANGALORE
46%
7%
32%
13%
2%
PT Car 2 - Wheeler IPT Cycle
12%
11%
71%
2% 4%
PT Car 2 - Wheeler IPT Cycle
Planning
o Conventional planning process
o Lack of co-ordination among agencies
o Uncontrolled growth
o Master plan to regulate city’s growth
o Limited focus on Urban Transport
o Preference not given to:
Green space, Public space and walking
o Lack of long term and comprehensive vision
o Priority given to movement of vehicles Traffic Congestion
Inequitable allocation of Road space
Lack of coordination
Uncontrolled Growth of vehicles
Issues hindering mobility o Inadequate Road capacity
o Congestion
o Limited / No scope for increasing road capacity
o Rising household incomes
o Vehicle ownership growing fast
o Increased trip rates
o Inadequate infrastructure for public
transport, walking, cycling
o Lack of safety for pedestrians and cyclists.
o Inefficient management of parking
o Lack of adequate measures to Enforce policies
o Land use…….!
Challenges for sustainable Mobility
Sustainablemobility
Capacity
building
Education &
Awareness
Policy
framework
Political
will
Reform Resource
mobilization &
Prioritization
National Urban Transport Policy, 2006
Need for Central policy:
o Co-ordination between several agencies that would play an important role
in Urban Transport planning.
o Need to build capacity for urban transport.
o To guide state level action plans with an overall framework.
Vision:
o To recognize that people occupy center stage in our cities and all plans
would be their common benefit and well being.
o To make our cities the most livable in the world and enable them to become
the “Engines of Economic growth” that power India’s development in the
21st century.
o To allow our cities to evolve into an urban form that is best suited
NUTP
Objectives achieved through:
• Integrating land use and Transport planning
• Equitable allocation of road space
• Priority to use public space
o Quality and pricing of public transport
o Technology
o Integrated public transport systems
• Role of Para transit
• Priority to non-motorized transport
• Parking management measures
• Freight management
• Capacity building
• Use of cleaner technologies
Policy Objective:
o Ensure safe, affordable, quick, comfortable, reliable and sustainable access to
city residents to jobs education, recreation and other needs
Comprehensive Mobility Plan
o Ministry of Urban Development, GOI
vide its order dated 11th June 2008
mandates preparation of CMPs for all
cities with population more than 0.5
million.
Integration of land use plan with Mobility plans
o GoK vide its order dated 5-12-2012 has
directed cities to integrate land use plans with
mobility plans.
What is CMP?
o Long-term vision of desirable mobility
patterns for the city; and
o Purpose of the process is to serve strategic
metropolitan transport decision making.
BIDAR
BIJAPUR
RAICHUR
HOSPET, BELLARY Dist.
CHITRADURGA
TUMKUR
DAVANGERE
SHIMOGA
UDUPI
BANGALORE
Cities with Population > 2.0 Lakh= 14
o CTTPs Completed = 6 Cities
o CMPs Taken Up = 9 Cities
Cities that need to be taken up for CMPs with
Population > 1.0 Lakh= 9
Comprehensive Mobility PlanObjectives:
The objective of a CMP is to provide a long-term strategy for the desirable mobility pattern of a
city. To achieve this, the main objectives are:
o To improve connectivity and travel throughout the city and its region.
o To improve Mobility of inter-city and intra city transportation needs
o To make viable and reliable transportation options which aims at reducing dependence on
automobiles with widespread use of mass rapid transit system and non-motorized modes .
o Study on Service Level Benchmarks.
o Sustainable Habitat Mission and vulnerability of cities to disasters to prepare plans and
proposals as per the particular requirement of the cities.
Methodology
Task 1:
• Planning Area
o Local planning is preferable
o Include also major activity centres (e.g. SEZs) in the regions
• Planning Horizon (Synchronize with the Master Plan)
o Target year: 20 years
o Mid-term target: 10 years
o Short-term target: 5 years
o Immediately implementable Projects
Task 2:
Data Collection and Analysis of the Existing Urban Land Use and Transport
Environment
Review of Existing Transport Systems
Transport Demand Surveys Review of Land Use Plan
Analysis of Existing Traffic/Transport Conditions
Review of City Profile
Primary Data CollectionSl. no Name of the Survey
1 Road Network Inventory
2 Screen line Volume Count Survey
3 Household Interview Survey
4 Passenger in and out count/ OD Survey @ terminals
6 Pedestrian Counts
7 Outer Cordon Traffic Counts
8 Speed and Delay Survey
9 Origin & Destination Survey ( Including Goods Vehicles)
10 Vehicle Occupancy Survey
11 Turning Volume count survey
12 IPT Operator survey
13 NMT Opinion survey
14 Parking duration survey ( On street & Off street)
16 Truck Operator survey
Secondary Data Collection
o Master Plan/Vision plan
o Ward and village map of the study area
o Demographic details
o Vehicle registration and Accident data
o Details of on-going and planned projects by different agencies
o Reports prepared for the improvement of traffic and transport problems of the
study area
o Operational characteristics of PT, IPT
o Fuel price
o Details of Parking
o Pollution data
Task 3 : Four-stage modeling
Modeling
Generation
Distribution
Modal Split/Mode
Choice
Route Assignment
Trip Generation
• Before start of any modeling procedure we
need to divide the city or the particular area
into various zones, to use more details
(population, density, area etc.) for more
accuracy in the data to be used in model.
• More accurate the data is, more accurate the
result will be.
• TAZs basically can be formed from ward
boundaries, or the physical boundaries of any
area for easy identification.
• The first step in the process, Trip Generation,
uses socio-economic data to determine the
number of trips produced by a TAZ (or census,
or other geographic division). The socio-
economic data normally includes population,
vehicle ownership, and employment
information at the very least.
Trip distribution
• The second step is trip distribution. Once the
number of trips are known, trip distribution
determines where the trips will go. This
normally uses a gravity model, which will be
discussed in a future post. This step takes in
several factors, including the number of trip
productions, the number of trip attractions, and
an impedance value. The impedance value is the
resistance to travel, which could include
distance, time, tolls, or a combination of
those. Each model is different in this regard.
MAGADI ROAD
MYSORE ROAD
403
KANAKAPURA
ROAD
404
HOSUR ROAD
SARJAPUR ROAD
OLD MADRAS
ROAD
WHITE FIELD
ROAD
504
TUMKUR ROAD
501
402
503
401
BELLARY ROAD
405
Modal Split
• This step determines what vehicle trips will utilize
when going from one zone to another. This step
can be particularly complex or extremely
simple, depending on the area included in the
model. Some models have very simple mode
choice steps because transit isn't available, or it
doesn't have a significant effect.
Trip assignment
• The final step is trip assignment. This step takes all of the trips from mode
choice (which it now knows if they are trips that will drive alone, share a
ride, use the bus, or use another mode of transportation) and assigns them to
a transportation network. Prior to the mid-1980s, these networks were largely
text based, but with the advent of Geographic Information Systems and
personal computers in the mid-1980s and moving forward, these networks
became graphical.
Options for public Transport
o Bus priority lanes
o BRTS
o Light Rail Transit
o Mono Rail
o Metro Rail
Factors:
o Ridership: PHPDT
o Destination points
o Cost of travel
o Cost of operations and Maintenance
o FIRR/ EIRR
o Integration with Existing systems
Fare integration, Feeder
PT ScenarioDo-minimum
Trip Assignment
Task 4: Preparation and Evaluation of the Urban Transport Development
Strategy
Future Transport Network Scenarios
Evaluation of Urban Land Use and Transport Strategy
Future Urban Growth Scenarios
Preparation of Vision and Goals
SMARTER URBAN TRANSPORT
o Intelligent transport systems and traffic
management
o Smart charging/ fare collection
ACCESSIBLE URBAN TRANSPORT
o Collective transport accessible and affordable for all
citizens.
o Interconnection of urban and sub-urban networks
o Optimization and integration of transport modes
NMT
o Improved rights of way for pedestrians and cyclists
o Pedestrian zones
o Making NMT infrastructure an integral part of
road design :Karnataka’s initiative.
o PBS
SHARED CARS
o Shared taxis/autos
o Optimization of the use of private cars – car
sharing/car pools
Strategy for Urban Mobility
SAFETY AND SECURITY IN URBAN TRANSPORT
o Safer behaviour, infrastructures and vehicles
o Eco driving
o Pedestrian crossings
o Traffic calming
o Better enforcement using ITS
INTEGRATION OF LAND USE AND TRANSPORT PLANNING
o TOD
o Neighbourhood accessibility planning
o Walk to work
IMPROVED FREIGHT MANAGEMENT
BRT Station
BRT passinglane
BRT lane
BRT passinglane
Mixed traffic
Mixed traffic Footpath
Footpath
BRT lane
BRT lane
Mixed Traffic lane 2
Mixed Traffic lane 1
Mixed Traffic lane 2Mixed Traffic lane 1
BRT StationRamp Ramp
Pedestrian Access
BRT Passing laneBRT lane
BRT Passing laneBRT lane
SECTION
PLAN
o Improve road networks
o Enhancement of Public
Transport
o Land use integration
o City Aesthetics
o Infrastructure to NMTs
o Freight management
o Parking management
o Road safety
o Traffic Engineering
o ROBs, RUB’s
Priorities
Identification of Projects
Prioritization of Projects
Institutional framework
Stakeholders:
o ULBs
o City administration
o Planning authorities
o Line agencies
(Water supply, Electricity, BSNL, Sewage board…)
o Traffic police
o PWD
o KSRTC
o Railways
o RTO
o END USERSource: Prajavani dated 22-09-2013
MCLTA
o Umbrella institution to address issues related to
transport
o Agencies:o Deputy Commissioner
o MCC
o MUDA
o Transport
o Police
Project phasingo Long term
o Introducing Mass Transit system
o Connecting missing links
o Development of Ring Roads
o Medium term
o ROBs
o Intelligent Transport System
o Development of TTMCs
o Short term
o Junction improvements
o Road marking and signages
o Traffic management measures – Oneways,
o Construction of Footpaths
o Elevated walkway
o Bus augmentation & development of bus shelters
o Provision of cycle tracks
o Policies
o Parking Regulation
o Congestion pricing
A Case Study
Comprehensive Traffic and Transportation Plan
for
Mysore
Background
o Area 128.42 Sq km
o Population: 9.83 Lakhs
Growth rate: 2.5% p.a
o Vehicle population(2010): 6.68 Lakhs
Vehicle growth rate: > 10%
2-wheeler 80.5
car 9.8
auto 4.0buses 0.8
omni buses 0.7 goods 4.0others 0.2
Vehicluar composition in Mysore, %
2-wheeler
car
auto
buses
omni buses
goods
others
ConnectivityMysore is the second biggest city in the state ofKarnataka covering an area of 128 sq. kms. It issituated at 140 kms from Bangalore and is wellconnected by rail and road to all parts of thecountry.
o Road
National Highway 212, and State Highways17, 33, 88 pass through Mysore connecting it tonearby cities. Mysore has inter-city and sub-urbanpublic bus transportation.
o Rail
Mysore city is the divisional headquarters ofsouthern Railways and has railway lines passingthrough the city to the southeast.
o Air
The nearest accessible airport for Mysore is atBangalore.
Existing Urban Statistics
Land Use (2001)
Road Length (km)
Corporation 1093
PWD 57.78
NH 5
University 26
Total 1181.78
The vehicles have grown at the annual rate of 5.5 % over the period
Vehicular Growth Rate
The total area for Mysore city as per MysoreUrban Development Authority (MUDA) hasshown a growth of 22% during the period1995 to 2001 due to inclusion of Nehru Loka.
Category % Area
Residential 39.9
Commercial 3.02
Industrial 13.48
Park & Open Spaces 13.74
Public/Semi public 8.96
Transportation 16.1
Public Utility 0.51
Water Sheet 2.02
Agricultural 2.27
Total 100
0
2
4
6
8
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Vehicular growth, in Lakhs
Stakeholders Data Requirements Intended Usage
Mysore Urban Development Authority
Regional PlanTo understand strategic planning policies for development and other landuses
Master PlanTo integrate and calibrate the base UTPS model amidst the overall spatial dimension for the horizon period
Land use PlanArea under Transport in relation to other land uses
Earlier CTTS studiesFor Past Traffic and Transport Data & Analysis
Satellite Imageries Existing city structure and road network
Socio - Economic Data (Time Series Zone Wise/ Ward Wise Economic, Industrial and Demographic Trends
Data related to Township in and around MysoreGrowth perspective of the city to determine future travel demand
Road Maps/Ward/Zone Maps Network study and road inventory
Mysore City Corporation Private Bus Operator Routes and Operation DetailsNetwork Identification of Private Bus Operations along with travel pattern, desire line, load factor etc.
Terminal/Warehousing plans and other details and reports on Freight Movement
Details of Freight OD patterns, Major items of Movement
Listing of subscribers of service like power/telephone/water supply
Useful for development of LUTM
Stakeholder Participation
KSRTCKSRTC Bus Operator Routes and Operation Details
Details of Interstate Travel pattern, Desire Line, Load factors etc.
Regional Transport Office
Vehicle Registration DataMode Wise Time Series Data on Vehicle Registration
Supritendent of Police Traffic Management Plan Existing Traffic Management Plan
Accident DataAccident Data over the years, Blackspots
PWD Road MapCity Road Map and Connectivity Map
Traffic Volume CountsTo calculate Mode Wise Growth Factors
Southern Railway Passenger and Cargo DataOD pattern, Major items of movement , Desire line
Zila Panchayat Data related to Townships in and around MysoreGrowth perspective of the city to determine future travel demand
Indian Railways Railway Traffic Growth in Railway traffic
Major Recommendations
Sl. No
DescriptionLength (Km)
CostRs in Crore
1 Major Road improvements and Construction of missing links for road network
41.7 70.1
2 Junction improvements with ATCS - 3.74
3 Construction of ROB/ RUBs 6 Nos 234
4 Improvements to pedestrian facilities:(footpath/ Subways/ skywalks)
147
5 Development of Parking facilities 6 Nos 100.32
6 Development of integrated freight complexes 2 Nos 22.45
7 Development of BRTS 241 1565
8 Development of NMT infrastructure 125.9 249.2
Total investment proposed - Rs 5567.73 Crores upto Horizon Year 2028
Immediate Priority
1. Road Infrastructure Development 2. Development of cycle track
3. Public Transporta) Construction of Bus Stops on City Routesb) Construction of Bus Stops on Truck Routesc) Ticket Vending Machines for Busesd) Passenger Information System inside the busese) Installation of GPS based Vehicle Tracking Systemf) Addition of Bus Fleet
The area around Mysore palace and Jaganmohan palace has been proposed to be declared as
heritage core. The roads covered under Heritage core are:
Stretch - 1 Bangalore - Nilgiri Road: 546.3 m
Stretch - 2 Road in front of palace: 489.3m
Stretch – 3 Road behind gun house: 649m
Stretch – 4 Rachaiah circle to K R Circle: 652.3m
o To be declared as pedestrian priority area.
o Fully Pedestrianized stretch 2 and 3.
o Development of tracks for NMT and tangas.
o Parking facilities for IPT and NMT modes.
o Ban on street parking.
o Parking to be provided at Dodda maidana kere.
Immediate PriorityDevelopment of Heritage Core
Implementation
o PBS Implementation Under GEF Grant for Mysore City
Estimation : USD 1.9 Million
o Traffic Surveillance System at Mysore
Estimation : Rs 558.2 Lakhs
o Report received and under review
o Detailed Project Report for four Grade separators at Mysore
Sanctioned Amount : Rs 56.5 Lakhs
1st installment of Rs 28.25 Lakhs released
o Printing of customized Planner & City Transport Guide for Mysore City
Sanctioned Amount : Rs 11.0 Lakhs
1st installment of Rs 5.5 Lakhs released
o Periodic assessment of travel demand and determination of level of public transport
required on different corridors and the type of Transport system required in a given area
through CTTS and other studies.
o Provision of necessary hand-holding support for conceptualizing and implementing mass
transit/Public transport /NMT projects.
o Carrying out in-house studies on emergent issues relating to traffic management etc.
o Conducting capacity building workshops.
o Formulating policies on urban transport issues.
o Taking up awareness programmes in association with other stakeholders.
53
DULT - Functions Established in 2007.
State Urban Transport Fund set up in 2011 at State level to promote sustainable
modes of transport.
An operational framework for the efficient management of SUTF established.
To fund
o Traffic and transportation-related studies, DPR s etc.
o Public transport and NMT
o Capacity building.
o Awareness programmes
o Any other innovative projects.
Empowered Committee set up under Commissioner, DULT to approve the
action plans, review progress etc.
Funding pattern: 50% of the total amount for NMT, PT, Bus shelters, Road
signages, Road markings.
The total amount that could be sanctioned for each project is limited to 5 Crore.
State Urban Transport Fund
THANK YOU
Gautami City
o Gautami is a city in the North Eastern part of India.
o Area: 80 Sq.km.
o Population: 2 lakhs.
o Vehicular population: 1.8 lakhs
o 2 National highways.
o It is a agro- based industry city.
o 20% of the residents are dependent on these industries.
o Lane markings, Street lighting, etc. are absent within the city.
o The city has one inter-state bus terminal which connects it with other parts
of the state.
o High accident rates.
o Public Transport: 8 buses with 4 routes.
o Travels in other parts of the city mostly happen by autos and two-wheelers.
Agricultural land
Agricultural land
Mandakini River
Hema Reservoir
Lakshmi Devi Temple
National Highway 1
National Highway 2
Railway line
Lakshmi Devi TempleAgriculture
Legend
Water Body
Agricultural land
Agricultural land
National Highway 1
National Highway 2
Railway line
Mandakini River
Hema Reservoir ResidentialCommercialIndustrialPublic/ Semi PublicWater Body Parks & Open SpacesAgriculture
Legend
Railway Line
Market Area
Temple
Market Area
Agricultural land
Agricultural land
National Highway 1
National Highway 2
Railway line
Mandakini River
Hema Reservoir Bus Route 201Bus Route 202
Legend
Railway Line
Bus Route 203Bus Route 204
Temple
Bus Terminal
Market Area
Most number of walk trips
originating
