Composting in New Hampshire Schools: A How to Guide - Appendices

8/8/2019 Composting in New Hampshire Schools: A How to Guide - Appendices

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APPENDIX A

COMPOSTING AT NH SCHOOLS:

PROGRAM OVERVIEW

School Informat ion Contact Person Construction

Crew

Operation

Crew

Bins End Product Pounds Diverted

Bulking AgentBelmont High School

255 Seavey Road

Belmont , NH 0 3220

(603) 267-6525

6 30 St udent s

Grades 7-12

John Frick

Tech. Ed. Teacher

John Moulin

Principal

St udent s in

Technology

Educat ion

class &

t eacher

St udent s 4 bin unit ,

insulat ed in

November

None yet 19 9 5 = 6 8 2

(2 mont hs)

1996 =

2,662

(10 mont hs)Hay

New Bost on Cent ral

School

15 Cent ral School RoadNew Bost on, NH

03070

(6 0 3) 48 7-2211

38 4 St udent s

Grades R-6

Dan Jamrog

Gr. 6 Science

Teacher

Rick Mat t hews

Principal

Facult y,

school st aff,

& TransferStation

At t endant s

Special

Educat ion

st udent &t eachers

aide

4 bin non-

insulat ed

unit

Excellent ;

used on

st udent 'smarket abl

e t ree

program

199 5 = 8 6 8

(2 mont hs)

1996 =3,594

(10 mont hs)

Hay 1st

year

Leaves 2nd

year


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APPENDIX B

COMPOSTING AT NH SCHOOLS:

3 BIN COMPOSTING UNIT

MADE FROM REUSED WOODEN PALLETS

Instructions

In our pilot program, our design was a t hree bin t urning unit made fr om pallet s and

hardware clot h. Donat ed pallet s were covered wit h hardware clot h and connect ed t o

each ot her using "L" bracket s. The t ops and front s of t he bins were made from hardware

clot h at t ached t o wooden st rapping for light ness, easy maneuverabilit y, and maximum

vent ilat ion (see diagram of bins). Usually, a compost bin will sit right on t he ground t o

maximize cont act wit h micro-organisms. However, a f loor was used in t he pilot program

t o keep rodent s and any ot her pest s out of t he compost . Therefore, t he mat erials list is

based on a t hree bin unit wit h floors.

The t ops were at t ached t o t he bins using hinges. We screwed a piece of st rapping along

t he back of t he t op of t he bins t o provide a common sit e of at t achment for t he t ops.

The separat ely built front was fit t ed t o slide int o t wo t racks on t he sides of t he unit .

The t racks were const ruct ed by using a 1" x 1" and a 1" x 6 " t o form a slot int o which t he

door could slide up and down (see diagram). Safet y gat e hooks were used t o fast en

down t he t ops keeping in mind t hat raccoons have been known t o unhook a regular hookand eye.

Hint: Measure your pallet s before you bring t hem t o t he school. Wooden pallet s are notalways made t he same size. For ease in put t ing t oget her t he bins, it is import ant

t o have t he pallet s as close t o t he same size and as square as possible.


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Materials List

To Borrow:

U 1 - Heavy Dut y St aple Gun (i.e.,

Arrow T-25 )U 2 - Bat t ery Powered Drills -

One for drilling holes and one

for screwing screws (Elect ric

dr ills and ext ension cords are

OK if elect r icit y is near by)

U 1 Pair - Heavy Dut y Wire

Cut t ersU 1 - Hand Saw (Powered saw and

ext ension cord are OK if

elect ricit y is near by)

U Measur ing Tape

To Buy or Have Donated (local hardware or lumber supply store)

U 10 - Wooden Pallet s* (All t hesame size)

U 13 - 1" x 3" x 8 ' St rapping or

Furr ing St rip

U 4 - 1" x 1" x 3 Lumber

(14 linear feet t ot al)

U 2 - 1" x 6 " x 12' Lumber

(24 linear feet t ot al)

U 1 Box of 10 0 - 8 " x 1" Flat

Phillips Head Screws

U 1 Box of 50 - 8 " x 1" FlatPhillips Head Screws

U 20 - 10 " x 3" Flat Head Screws

U 20 - 3" "L" Bracket

U 6 - 2" Safet y Gat e Hooks

U 6 - 3 " LT Narrow Hinge, Tit e Pin

U 1 Box 1,00 0 - d " St aples

U 1 - 10 0 ' x 48 " roll of Gauge

Hardware Clot h or Equivalent

Chicken Wire

* For f ree pallet s, shop at your local recycling cent er/ t ransfer s t at ion, businesses, and

depart ment , grocery, or hardware st ores, or call Donat ion Depot at (6 0 3) 6 45 -9 6 22.

Bin Building Steps

St ep 1. Measure, cut , and st aple t he hardware clot h or chicken wire ont o one side of

eight pallet s for bot t oms, backs and sides of bins. Two of t he pallet s will need

hardware clot h or chicken wire on bot h sides t o serve as inside walls. Useplent y of st aples f or st rengt h, placing one every f ew inches.


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St ep 2. Lay t he hardware clot h or chicken wire covered pallet s in place, as illust rat ed in

t he diagram (wit h t he wire sides on t he inside of t he bins), making sure all

corners meet . If necessary, do one bin at a t ime.

St ep 3. Use one drill t o drill t he holes in t he pallet s f or t he corner brace screws, and

t he ot her drill t o screw in t he 1" screws, fas t en one corner brace along eachcorner bet ween pallet s as illust rat ed in t he diagram.

St ep 4. Cut four pieces each of 1" x 1" and 1" x 6 " lumber t he same height as t he fr ont of

t he bins.

St ep 5. Fast en a precut 1" x 1" cent ered vert ically on t he front of each vert ical pallet of

t he bins wit h t wo 3" screws as illust rat ed in diagram. (This is t o creat e t he

runners for t he doors.)

St ep 6 . Fast en precut 1" x 6 " cent ered on t op of t he 1" x 1" wit h t wo more 3" screws as

illust rat ed in diagram. Repeat for all 4 fr ont s on bins (you have just made t he

slot s t hat t he front doors will slide int o).

St ep 7. Measure for front door dimensions and cut pieces of st rapping as illust rat ed in

t he diagram. Keep in mind t hat you want t he door t o fit loosely so it is easy t o

slide it in and out .

St ep 8 . Fast en st rapping t oget her wit h 1" screws t o make t he door as illust rat ed.Use spare st rapping as a corner brace, or use corner braces, purchased at a

hardware st ore.

St ep 9. Measure, cut and st aple hardware clot h or chicken wire t o t he inside of t he

door and slide door in place in t he front of t he bins. Repeat for all t hree bins.

St ep 10 . Lay st rapping along t he t op of t he back of t he bins and fast en t o t he t op of

t he pallet s wit h 1" screws.

St ep 11. Measure for t ops t he same as t he front doors, keeping in mind t hat t he t op

should lay over t he door so t hat t he door cannot be opened unless t he t op is

up. Anot her opt ion is t o make one long t op t o cover t he first t wo bins and a

single t op for t he t hird bin. This is so you can open and prop up t he t op of t he


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middle bin from t he left side rat her t han t hrowing it open from t he front of t he

bins.

St ep 12: Fast en t oget her s t rapping for t ops and st aple hardware clot h or chicken wire

t he same as t he doors.

St ep 13: Place t ops on t op of t he bins, t hen line up and at t ach t wo hinges t o t he back

pieces of st rapping and each t op as illust rat ed.

St ep 14: At t ach safet y gat e hooks fr om each side of t he front edge of t he t ops t o t he

pallet s on which t hey rest .

St ep 15: You are ready t o compost !


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APPENDIX C

DOCUMENTS TO COPY

Forms s imilar t o t hese document s were used by t he t wo schools part icipat ing in t he

"Compost ing at New Hampshire Schools" pilot program.

C The "Tracking Form" (C1) was used t o record t he foods weight and several ot her

procedures or observat ions associat ed wit h t he compost bin operat ion.

C The "Overview" (C2) was used as a handout t o all t he compost ing program

part icipant s, i.e. kit chen help, maint enance, t eachers, et c., for an underst anding of

what t he program was about and everyones responsibilit ies.

CThe "Reminder Not es" (C3) were at t ached t o a convenient ly locat ed clip board as abrief reminder of t he part icipant s' responsibilit ies.

C The "Compost ing at NH Schools Trouble Shoot ing" chart (C4) is available not only t o

be convenient ly locat ed on t he clip board and referred t o for daily compost

maint enance, but will also be a helpful t ool t o refer t o when learning about how

compost ing works.

Please feel fr ee t o make copies of t hese document s t o use wit h your school compost ing

program.


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APPENDIX C1


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APPENDIX C2

34

DON'Ts

Oils

Fat s

Bones

Meat s

Dairy Product s

DOs

Breads

Fruit Scraps

Coffee Grounds

Veget able Scraps

Crushed Egg Shells

SCHOOL COMPOSTING

OVERVIEW

What Is Composting?

Compost ing is nat ures way of recycling. It is a nat ural process of organic mat erials,

such as food, leaf and yard wast e, breaking down int o a valuable soil amendment .

Bet ween 6 t o 14 percent of t he daily wast e in a school can consist of compost able food

wast e.

What Is This Project?

The schools compost able food wast e will be placed in a separat e cont ainer from

noncompost able wast e and mixed wit h a bulking agent (leaves or wood shavings) in an

out side bin for compost ing. This will help t o get food wast e out of t he garbage can,

where it is useless, and int o a compost bin, where it will break down int o a very useful

fert ile soil-like mat erial.

Part 1 - Kitchen Collection

In t he kit chen, food wast e for compost ing needs t o be kept separat e from ot hermat erials. Please use t he cont ainers provided for food wast e collect ion. Using t he lids

on t hese will help cont rol odor and any pot ent ial fruit fly problems. A food wast e

collect or will check wit h kit chen st aff rout inely t o monit or t he amount of food wast e

generat ed. When separat ing food wast e for compost ing, here are a few t hings t o

remember:


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APPENDIX C2

35

Why? Meat s, dairy product s, oils, and fat s compost very slowly and creat e odorst hat are likely t o be offensive, as well as at t ract animals t o t he bins.

Part 2 - Food Collection

The job of t he food collect or is t o collect t he cont ainers of food wast e fr om t he kit chen

st aff, record t heir weight , and bring t hem out t o t he compost ing bins. When collect ing

food wast e, here are a few t hings t o remember:

1. Check wit h kit chen st aff t o see if cont ainers need t o be empt ied.

2. Weigh food wast e and record weight on t racking form.

3. Take food wast e out t o compost ing bins.

Why? Prompt ly removing t he food wast e fr om t he kit chen is not only beingconsiderat e, but a necessit y because t he kit chen st aff has Board of Healt h

regulat ions about cleanliness t hey have t o follow.

Part 3 - Bin Operator

The job of t he bin operat or is t o mix t he food wast e int o t he bin, and t o be sure it is

covered wit h bulking agent so t hat no food wast e is left exposed. You will need t o addan equal weight of bulking agent for each cont ainer of food. When operat ing t he bin, here

are a few t hings t o remember:

1. Open t he bin, insert t he compost t hermomet er int o t he cent er of t he food

wast e and bulking agent , and record t he t emperat ure.

2. St ir t he food and t op layer of bulking agent t hat is already in t he bin (fr om t he

last food wast e deposit ) wit h t he pit chfork.

3 . Add t he food wast e from t he cont ainer, mixing it in wit h t he food wast e and

bulking agent you just st irred and spread t he mat erial in t he bin evenly.

4. Cover t he mixed food wast e and bulking agent wit h a layer of new bulking agent ,

making sure no food wast e is visible.

5. Be sure t o securely replace t he door on t he bin.


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APPENDIX C2

36

Why? The bulking agent will need t o be mixed wit h t he food wast e t o achievet he appropriat e carbon/nit rogen rat io and provide oxygen for t he

compost ing process, t o avoid odor problems, and not t o at t ract pest s and

insect s.

Part 4 - Compost Coordinator

The job of t he compost coordinat or is t o make sure t he compost ing process is working

well. This is a very import ant part of t he project and can help t o eliminat e any pot ent ial

problems. When coordinat ing t he compost project , here are a few t hings t o remember:

1. Check t he moist ure of t he bin; it should be as moist as a wrung-out sponge.

2. Check t he t emperat ure of t he bin and record it on t he t racking form.When insert ing t he t hermomet er int o t he compost , grasp t he st em

about 6 " back from t he point and push (DO NOT push t he head of t he

t hermomet er) . Once t he st em goes in 6 ", grasp t he st em 6 " fart her

back, and push again. Repeat unt il t he st em is complet ely insert ed.

This met hod will avoid bending t he st em. Once t he t hermomet er is

insert ed in t he pile, wait at least 45 seconds before reading t he

t emperat ure. When finished using t he t hermomet er, ret urn it t o it s

box.

3. If t he t emperat ure is under 10 0 OF, or over 150 oF, mix t he whole bin (t oo hot killsoff compost bact eria, t oo cold means t he compost process has s lowed down).

4. If in doubt , check "Troubleshoot ing" (Appendix C4).

5. Record any comment s/observat ions on t racking form.

Why? Moist ure is needed for t he microbes t o work and t oo much moist urewill keep t he oxygen out . The hot t er t he pile, t he fast er t he compost ing

(10 0 +), but t oo hot (150 +) kills off compost bact eria.

When Bin #1 is full, not ify t he "Compost St art er" designat ed in Appendix C3.


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APPENDIX C2

37

When Bin Is Full

1. Transfer all mat erial from Bin #1 int o Bin #2 using t he pit chfork.

2. Be sure t o securely replace t he t op and front of t he bin.

Part 5 - Compost Starter

The job of t he compost st art er is t o st art a new compost ing bin by set t ing t he

appropriat e mat erials in t he bin and t o t urn t he cont ent s of a full bin int o an empt y bin.

Along wit h t hese ongoing responsibilit ies, make sure t here is plent y of bulking agent

available unt il t he process will have t o be repeat ed again. When st art ing t he compost ,

here are a few t hings t o remember.

To Start Bin # 1 Again

1. Place 6 "-10 " of bulking agent in t he bin as a base. This will absorb any excess

moist ure from t he food wast e.

2. Scat t er t he food wast e over t he ent ire bulking agent surface.

3. If you are using leaves for a bulking agent , you will not need t o "seed" (add

micro-organisms t o) your compost . If you are using wood shavings, you may

want t o "seed" your compost . To "seed," sprinkle and mix approximat ely 1 five

gallon bucket full of animal manure (cow, sheep, horse, chicken, or rabbit . . . . do

not use dog or cat manures) or exist ing compost or leaves int o t he food wast e

and bulking agent . A "compost act ivat or" sold at feed and hardware st ores

can also be used.

4. Cover t he food wast e wit h a layer of bulking agent , making sure no food wast e

is visible.

5. Be sure t o securely replace t he t op and front of t he bin.

Why? The well mixed food wast e and bulking agent will aid in t he compost ingprocess and help keep odors down and pest s away.


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APPENDIX C3

38


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APPENDIX C3

39

2. St ir t he food and t op layer of bulking agent (i.e., leaves or wood shavings) t hat

is already in t he bin (f rom t he last food deposit ) wit h t he pit chfork.

3 . Add t he food from t he cont ainer, mixing it in wit h t he food and bulking agent

you just st irred and spread t he mat erial in t he bin evenly.4. Cover mixed food and bulking agent wit h a layer of new bulking agent , making

sure no food is visible.

5. Securely replace t he t op of t he bin.

6 . Ret urn t he cont ainer and clipboard t o kit chen. Rinse t he cont ainer clean.

Compost Coordination

The compost coordinat ors are:

1. Check t he moist ure of t he bin, it should be as moist as a wrung-out sponge.

2. Check t he t emperat ure of t he bin and record it on t he t racking form.

3. If t he t emperat ure is under 10 0 OF, or over 150 OF, mix t he whole bin (t oo hot kills

off compost bact eria, t oo cold means t he compost process has s lowed down).

4. If in doubt , check "Compost ing Troubleshoot ing" sect ion in t his Guide (page

40).

5. Record any comment s/observat ions on t he "Tracking Form."

When Bin # 1 is full, not ify


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APPENDIX C4

SCHOOL COMPOSTING

TROUBLE SHOOTING

SYMPTOMS CAUSES SOLUTIONS

Compost has rot t en odor Not enough air and/or t oo much

moist ure.

Turn pile and/or add more

bulking agent .

Compost has ammonia odor Too much nit r ogen (lack of carbon) . Add bulking agent .

Cent er of pile is dry Not enough moist ure and/or t oo much

bulking agent .

Turn pile, moist en, and/or add

more nit rogen, e.g., food wast es

and/or green grass clippings.

Pile t emperat ure is t oo low (150E) Not enough air , and/or pile is t oo

large.

Turn pile and/or reduce pile size.

Pile is at t r act ing animals Presence of meat scraps, dair y or oils,

not covering food wast e well, and/or

holes in compost ing bin t hat animals

can get t hrough.

Avoid meat s, dairy and oils,

cover ot her f ood wast es wit h

bulking agent and/or repair any

holes in compost ing bins.


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APPENDIX D

COMPOST TESTING


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APPENDIX E

NH PRESS COVERAGE

School Composting Plan Could Lead to Heap of Savings

by ED PUFFER

Staff Writer

BELMONT - Take a school cafeteria's food scraps - the ones cut out during preparing meals. Put them in

a pile in the sun. Invite some worms and other organisms over. What do you get?

The state hopes you get money - money that you save by not throwing those things away.

Belmont High School, which has long saved its kitchen scraps for compost, is now part of a pilot program

being run by the Governor's Recycling Program. Saving kitchen scraps is known to create good

compost and the state wants to know if composting is actually cheaper than bagging the stuff and sending it out as

regular trash.On Wednesday, students and state workers teamed up to build composting bins that they then installed at

the southern end of Belmont High School, just outside the woodshop run by teacher John Frick. The bins will be

filled with kitchen scraps that are cut out during the preparation of school breakfasts and lunches. Meat and dairy

products are not included and neither is any food left over after a meal.

"We're keeping pretty close records as to how much food can be diverted from the waste stream and turned

into a re-useable product," said Sherry Godlewski of the state Department of Environmental Services. "Belmont's

going to be using a lot of the students to help with the project."

"Our second goal would be to educate students about composting," said Barbara McMillan of the

Governor's Recycling Program. "They're going to let it compost, mix it, take its temperature every day."

Frick's students will be in charge of the compost, as they have been for some time. Frick has benefitted by

taking items home for his own compost pile, but he is glad to give that up for the state program.

"We average 15 to 20 pounds per day," said student Josh Mazzei. "We take some of it and grind it up in a

food processor and put it in the worm container."

The worm container is located in the back of Frick's shop. It is a small box with paper, food scraps and red

worms. The worms eat their own body weight every day and what they eat turns into a very fertile soil.

"It's great for indoor composting. There's no odor," McMillan said. "We'd like to see these in every single

home."

The other schools involved in the project are New Boston Central School, Wentworth Elementary School

and Keene's Franklin Elementary School.

Belmont's compost will be used at the school to fertilize trees and plants on the school grounds.

"Take a look around. We've got lots of things we can do to make things look nice," said Principal Howard

Murphy. "I garden myself and know the value of good soil."

Murphy said residents who are interested in composting can always call and see the school's compostingprogram.

"People are certainly welcome to see how it works," Murphy said. "It's funny because it's not the kids who

need to learn lessons like that, it's the adults."

(Article reprinted with permission from the Laconia Citizen)


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GLOSSARY OF TERMS

Actinomycetes -- Micro-organisms t hat have t he charact erist ics of bot h fungi and

bact eria. Act inomycet es creat e cobweb-like growt hs t hroughout t he compost andgive compost an eart hy aroma.Aeration -- The process by which t he oxygen-deficient air in compost is replaced by air

fr om t he at mosphere. Aerat ion can be enhanced by t urning compost .Aerobic decomposit ion -- Decomposit ion of organic wast es occurr ing in t he presence of

oxygen, making possible convers ions of mat erial t o compost .Anaerobic decomposit ion -- Decomposit ion of organic wast es occurr ing in t he absence of

oxygen. Causes product ion and release of met hane gas.Bacteria -- In a compost pile, t he micro-organisms t hat do most of t he work t o

decompose wast es. Hardworking bact eria cause t he compost pile t o heat up.Biodegradable -- Capable of being broken down by micro-organisms (bact eria and fungus)

int o simple compounds t hat act as fert ilizers in t he soil (plant and animal remainsare biodegradable). Anot her word for biodegradable is compost able.

Bulking agent -- Mat erial, such as leaves, wood chips or shavings, added t o compostprimarily t o help creat e good pore st ruct ure for air f low. Oft en provides part ofcarbon source as well.

Carbon -- An element t hat is abundant in wood chips, sawdust , st raw, and leaves. Carbonprovides energy for living t hings.

Celsius (C) -- A t emperat ure scale in which 0E C is freezing and 10 0E C is boiling.Compost -- A r ich soil-like mixt ure t hat is produced when organic mat erials break down.Composting -- The nat ural conversion of most organic mat erials int o humus by t he

act ivit y of micro-organisms, and an effect ive solid wast e management t echniquefor reducing t he organic port ion of wast e.

Decomposition -- The breakdown of organic wast e mat erials by bact eria and fungi int osimpler component s (e.g., carbon dioxide, wat er, and inorganic solids).

Disposal -- The discharge, deposit , inject ion, dumping, incinerat ion, leaking, or placing ofany wast e int o or on any land, air, or wat er medium.

Dump -- An open and unmanaged disposal sit e used prior t o sanit ary landfills wherewast e mat erials were burned, left t o decompose, rust or simply remain.

Environment -- All t he condit ions, circumst ances, and influences surrounding andaffect ing t he development or exist ence of people or of nat ure. Ones surroundings,inside or out -of-doors.

Fahrenheit (F) -- A t emperat ure scale in which 32E

F is freezing and 212E

F is boiling.Fungi -- Organisms such as molds, yeast , and mushrooms t hat feed on dead organicmat t er.

Humus -- That more-or-less-st able organic fract ion of t he soil mat t er remaining aft ert he major port ion of added plant and animal residues have decomposed. Humus isusually dark in color.

Invertebrate -- An animal wit hout a backbone, such as an insect or worm.


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Kitchen waste -- Food scraps, such as pot at o peels, apple cores, moldy food, and wilt edlet t uce.

Landfill -- A large out door area for wast e disposal. Landf ills where wast e is exposed t ot he at mosphere are called open dumps; in sanit ary landfills, wast e is layered and

covered wit h soilMicro-organism -- A t iny living t hing t hat is so small you need a microscope ormagnifying glass t o see it . Micro-organisms help break down organic wast es.

Millipede -- A t iny worm-shaped animal wit h many pairs of legs. Millipedes live in soil andcompost .

Mite -- A t iny animal, or arachnid, no bigger t han a pinhead, t hat lives in soil, plant s, andcompost .

Mulch -- A covering, such as leaves, st raw, peat moss, or compost , t hat is placed on t opof t he soil in gardens and around t rees t o suppress weeds, keep soil moist , andkeep plant root s cool in summer and warm in wint er.

Nitrogen -- An element t hat is found in food scraps, grass clippings, and manure.Nit rogen is used by living t hings for growt h.

Nutrient -- A food ingredient t hat supplies energy for living and growt h.Organic -- Made from living organisms, such as plant s and animals. Organic subst ances

include t ree leaves, wool from sheep, and any ot her mat erials cont aining t henonmet allic element carbon (like diamonds and graphit e, which are pure carbon indifferent forms).

Pil l bug -- A small animal t hat lives in moist soil and rolls up in a lit t le ball when it ist hreat ened or scared.

Plate Scrapings -- The food wast e left on plat es af t er a mealPotworm -- A small worm t hat lives in soil and compost .

Prep Scraps -- The food wast e produced from preparing mealsRecycle -- To pass t hrough a cycle again; t o collect and reprocess manufact uredmat erials for reuse eit her in t he same form or as part of a diff erent product .

Resources -- A supply of somet hing t hat can be used or drawn upon. Somet hing t hatcan be used t o make somet hing else -- wood int o paper, iron ore int o st eel, oldnewspapers int o cardboard.

Roundworms (nemat odes) -- Small worms (less t han one cent imet er) t hat prey on fungispores, prot ozoa and each ot her and are very good for compost .

Solid waste -- Any unwant ed non-liquid mat erial t hat is discarded from households,indust ries or communit ies.

Turning -- In a compost pile, mixing and moving t he organic mat erial.

Turning unit -- Mult iple compost ing holding bins built next t o each ot her.Waste stream -- All mat erials and resources being t hrown away.Yard and garden wastes -- Grass clippings, dead leaves, small branches, and weeds.


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COMPOSTING RESOURCES

All these resources are available on loan to New Hampshire educators through the NHGovernor's Recycling Program by calling (603) 271-1098.

Brochures or HandoutsC "Backyard Composting" An educational how to backyard composting brochure. Also

available through your County Cooperative Extension.C "Worming Your Way to Better Compost!!!" An 8 page handout explaining theABCS of

worm composting and where to get worms, worm bins and worm books.

Video TapesC "Home Composting, Turning Your Spoils to Soil" (17 minutes) Teaches Home composting

of household food and yard waste. "Composting to Reduce the Waste Stream" guide

included. Also available through your local public library, County CooperativeExtension.

C "It's Natures Way: The Composting Solution" (6 minutes) Overview of how composting ofhousehold waste works, emphasizing its parallel to degradation in nature.

C "The Magic of Composting" (13 minutes) Features a compost fairy who teaches a skepticalman about the basics and benefits of composting.

C "Vermicomposting" (25 minutes) A simple demonstration of setting up, feeding, maintaining,and harvesting your worm bin for food waste composting.

C "Wormania" (26 minutes) An entertaining and educational video featuring Worm WomanMary Applehof explaining how worms can help the environment and step by step how

to for a food waste worm composting bin.CurriculumThe following composting related curriculum are available for loan through the NH GovernorsRecycling Programs Educational Lending Library. Please call for more information.C "Compost Learning Guide: Teachers Guide" Grades 4-8C "Composting: Wastes to Resources" Camp AgeC "Composting in the Classroom: A High School Teachers Guide for Indoor Composting

Activities" Grades 9-12C "Earthworms: Natures Recyclers" Grades K-6C "4-H Composting Education Program" 4-H GroupsC "Scraps to Soil: A How-To Guide for School Composting" Grades 3-6C "Squirmy Wormy Composters" Grades K-6C "Worms Eat My Garbage" Grades K-12C "Worms Eat Our Garbage" Grades 2-8C "Worms in the Classroom Activity Ideas" Grades K-12


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LOCAL

TRADE ORGANIZATIONS and ASSOCIATIONS

This is a listing of Trade Organization and Associations that serve the composting and solidwaste industry.

COMPOSTING COUNCIL114 Sout h Pit t St reetAlexandr ia, VA 223 14

(703 ) 739-240 1; Fax (703 ) 739-240 7e-mail: comcouncil @aol.com

This council was est ablished t o improvepublic and market accept ance of compost ingprocesses and product s.

ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION FOUNDATION

6930 Carroll AvenueTacoma Park, MD 20 912

(3 0 1) 8 91-110 9

The Environment al Act ion Foundat ion workswit h t he human side of t he environment ,such as air, wat er and land.

KEEP AMERICA BEAUTIFUL10 1 Washingt on Boulevard

St amford, CT 0 6 90 1

(203) 3 23-8 98 7; Fax (20 3) 325-9 199web sit e: ht t p://www.kab.org

Keep America Beaut iful is a nat ional,nonprof it , public educat ion organizat iondedicat ed t o improving wast e-handlingpract ices in Nort h American communit ies.

NATIONAL RECYCLING COALITION1727 King St reet , Suit e 10 5Alexandr ia, VA 22314-2720

(70 3) 6 8 3-90 25; Fax (70 3) 6 8 3-90 26

The Nat ional Recycling Coalit ion is anonprofit organizat ion whose membersinclude businesses, recycling and environ-ment al organizat ions, st at e and localgovernment s and individuals.

SOLID WASTE ASSOCIATION OFNORTH AMERICA

PO Box 7219Silver Spring, MD 20 910 -7219

(30 1) 58 5-28 98 ; Fax: (30 1) 58 9 -70 6 8web sit e: ht t p://www.swana.org

The Solid Wast e Associat ion of Nort hAmerica is a nonprofit educat ionalorganizat ion of 5 ,8 0 0 solid wast e

management professionals.EPA-New England

JFK Federal BuildingBost on, MA 0 2203 -0 0 0 1

(6 17) 573-5720

The EPA's Office of Solid Wast e deals wit ht he legislat ive side of t he solid wast eindust ry. They provide regulat ions andguidelines t o municipalit ies on recycling,compost ing, et c.

DONATION DEPOTNew Hampshire College250 0 Nort h River Road

Manchest er, NH 0 310 6 -10 45(60 3) 6 45-9622; Fax (60 3) 6 45-966 6

web sit e: ht t p://www.nhc.edu/admin/depot /depot .ht m

e-mail: eat [email protected]

Donat ion Depot plays t he mat chmakerbet ween organizat ions who have usefulequipment and/or mat erials for which t heyno longer have a use and nonprof it s who canuse t hese goods.


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EARTH DAY NHPO Box 26 6

Amherst , NH 03 0 31-0 26 6(6 0 3) 6 72-5441; Fax (6 0 3) 6 73-6 250

Eart h Day NH is a nonprofit group t hatpromot es environment al educat ion and act sas t he st at e wide Eart h day coordinat or.

NH DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTALSERVICES

6 Hazen DriveConcord, NH 0330 1-6 50 9

(6 0 3) 271-29 0 0 ; Fax (6 0 3) 271-2456web sit e:

ht t p:// www.st at e.nh.us/des/descover.ht ml

e-mail: [email protected] at e.nh.us

The Depart ment of Environment al Services(DES) is responsible for implement ing wast edisposal laws for t he st at e. DES providest echnical assist ance t o communit ies,schools, and businesses; conduct seducat ional programs on solid wast emanagement and recycling; and providesguidance for s t art ing recycling programs.

NH GOVERNORS RECYCLING PROGRAM2 Beacon St reet

Concord, NH 0 330 1-449 7(6 0 3) 271-10 98 ; Fax (6 0 3) 271-1728

web sit e: ht t p:/ /www.st at e.nh.us/recycle/homepage.ht ml

e-mail: [email protected] at e.nh.us

The Governor's Recycling Program providest echnical assist ance, st imulat es andpromot es new recycling ideas, and hasdeveloped dat abases on municipal recyclingact ivit ies in New Hampshire and market s fort he st at e's recyclables.

NH MATERIALS EXCHANGEBusiness and Indust ry Associat ion of NH

122 Nort h Main St reetConcord, NH 0 330 1-4918

(6 0 3) 224-1517; Fax (6 0 3) 224-28 72web sit e:ht t p:/ /www.wast ecapnh.org/nhme.ht m

e-mail: exchange@wast ecapnh.org

The NH Mat erials Exchange which isoperat ed by Wast eCap of New Hampshire,divert s wast e fr om municipal landfills byproviding a means for mat erials t o beexchanged for reuse bet ween businesses,municipalit ies, nonprofit groups, and

individuals.

UNH COOPERATIVE EXTENSION59 Taylor Road

Durham, NH 03824-3587(6 0 3) 8 6 2-1520 ; Fax (6 0 3) 8 6 2-159 5

http://ceinfo.unh.edu

UNH Cooperat ive Ext ension is par t of anat ion-wide Land Grant Universit y Syst emwhich provides educat ional out reach t o

families and individuals t hroughout t hest at e, wit h an off ice in each of t he t encount ies.

WASTECAP PROGRAM OF NEW HAMPSHIREBusiness and Indust ry Associat ion of NH

122 Nort h Main St reetConcord, NH 0 330 1-4918

(6 0 3) 224-1517; Fax (6 0 3) 224-28 72web sit e: www.wast ecapnh.org

e-mail: reconinfo@wast ecapnh.org

Wast eCap is a pro-act ive, nonregulat oryprogram providing businesses wit h t het echnical assist ance necessary t o recognizeand act upon opport unit ies for solid wast eminimizat ion and recycling.


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K - 12 SCIENCE CURRICULUM FRAMEWORK

To assis t New Hampshire t eachers in meet ing specific cur riculum requirement s, t his Guide and accompanying

act ivit ies were examined for cor relat ion t o t he "NH Science Curr iculum Frameworks." For t he result ing

suggest ed corr elat ions, please refer t o t he out line below and t he New Hampshire Depart ment of Educat ions K-12 Science Curriculum Framework.

1. Science as Inquiry1a. Yes, bot h element ary and secondary

2. Science, Technology and Society2a. Yes, element ary; secondary - could be applied t o measuring wit h analog equipment

2b. Could apply t o bot h element ary and secondary if t eacher chose t o explore compost ing organisms wit h

microscopes, or t est ing t he pH of compost et c.

2c. Yes, element ary; secondary - could fulfill if t eacher chose t o elaborat e wit h act ivit ies.2d. N/A

2e. Could fulfill bot h element ary and secondary if t eacher chose t o elaborat e

2f . N/ A

3. Life Science

3a. Yes, some of element ary and some of secondary

3b. Yes, some of element ary and some of secondary

3c. Yes, some of element ary and some of secondary

3d. Yes, some of element ary and some of secondary

These all relat e t o a port ion of t he overall life science st andards ( i.e., anat omical st ruct ures, food webs,

requirement s of organisms/processes et c.)

4. Eart h/ Space Science

4a. N/A

4b. N/A

4c. Relat ed t o bot h element ary and secondary via Eart hs resources, wat er supply, human induced fact ors

which cont ribut e t o changes in Eart h et c.

5. Physical Science5a. N/A for element ary, perhaps t angent ially in secondary

5b. Perhaps t angent ially in bot h element ary and secondary (i.e., change in subst ance = decomposit ion)

5c. Perhaps t angent ially in bot h element ary and secondary(i.e., energy t ransformat ion)5d. N/A

5e. N/A


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5 f. N/ A

5g. Perhaps t angent ially for bot h

6. Unif ying Themes and Concepts

6 a. Bot h element ary and secondary - t angent ially

6 b. Bot h element ary and secondary - t angent ially

6 c. Bot h element ary and secondary - t angent ially (i.e., worm bin model of what happens in a forest or

out door compost ; t he bin as a model of a nat ural process)

6 d. Yes, bot h element ary and secondary

Documents

Composting in New Hampshire Schools: A How to Guide - Appendices