(Diisi oleh RMC)

JABATAN PENGAJIAN TINGGI KEMENTERIAN PENGAJIAN TINGGI

FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH GRANT SCHEME (FRGS) APPLICATION FORM

(Pindaan 1/2010)

One (1) copy of this form must be submitted to the Institution of Higher Education Excellence Planning Division, Department of Higher Education, Level 6, Block E14,

Complex E, Federal Government Administrative Centre,62505 Putrajaya. [Incomplete Form will be rejected]

A

TITLE OF PROPOSED RESEARCH: Tajuk penyelidikan yang dicadangkan :

Influence of Fracture Toughness on the Impact Properties of Carbon Nanotubes/Aramid Fiber Reinforced Composites

B DETAILS OF RESEARCHER / MAKLUMAT PENYELIDIK

B(i)

Name of Project Leader: IC / Passport Number: Nama Ketua Projek: No. Kad Pengenalan/ Pasport: Risby Mohd Sohaimi, Ph.D 751219-0806

B(ii)

Position (Please tick ( √ )): Jawatan (Sila tanda ( √ )): Professor Assoc. Prof. / Sen. Lect. Lecturer Profesor Prof. Madya / P. Kanan Pensyarah

B(iii)

Faculty /School/Centre/Unit (Please provide full address): Fakulti /Jabatan /Pusat/Unit (Sila nyatakan alamat penuh): Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Sg Besi, 57000 Kuala Lumpur

B(iv)

Office Telephone No.: Handphone No.: No. Telefon Pejabat: No. Telefon Bimbit: 03-90513400 ext 4509 016-2548221

B(v)

E-mail Address: Alamat e-mel: risby@upnm.edu.my

Kod Rujukan:

x

BORANG FRGS – A1 (R)

B(vi)

Date of first appointment with this University: Tarikh mula berkhidmat dengan Universiti ini: 16/8/2007

B(vii)

Type of Service (Please tick ( √ )): Jenis Perkhidmatan (Sila tanda ( √ )): Permanent Contract (State contract expiry date): Tetap Kontrak (Nyatakan tarikh tamat kontrak): ____________________

C RESEARCH INFORMATION / MAKLUMAT PENYELIDIKAN

C(i)

Research Area (Please tick ( √ )): Bidang Penyelidikan (Sila tanda ( √ )):

A. Pure Science (Sains Tulen)

Chemistry Physic Biology (Kimia) (Fizik) (Biologi) Biochemistry Materials Science Mathematics and Statistics (Biokimia) (Sains Bahan) (Matematik dan Statistik)

B. Applied Science (Sains Gunaan) Chemistry Physic Biology

(Kimia) (Fizik) (Biologi)

Mathematics and Statistics Computer Science Biotechnology (Matematik dan Statistik) (Sains Komputer) (Bioteknologi)

Materials Science (Sains Bahan) C. Technology and Engineering (Teknologi dan Kejuruteraan) Mechanical & Manufacturing Electrical and Electronic General (Mekanikal dan Pembuatan) (Elektrikal dan Elektronik) (Awam) Material and Polymer Chemical Engineering Information and Communication (Bahan dan Polimer) (Kejuruteraan Kimia) Technology (Teknologi Komunikasi dan

Informasi) Energy Transportation (Tenaga) (Pengangkutan)

x

x

D. Clinical and Health Sciences (Sains Kesihatan dan Klinikal)

Basic Medical Sciences Pharmacy Pharmacology (Sains Perubatan Asas) (Farmasi) (Farmakologi) Medical Microbiology Parasitology Pathology (Mikrobiologi Perubatan) (Parasitologi) (Pathologi) Community Medical Prevention Clinical Surgical Clinical Medical (Perubatan Pencegahan (Klinikal Surgikal) (Klinikal Medikal) Masyarakat) Associate Health Science Dental Nursing Science (Sains Kesihatan Bersekutu) (Pergigian) (Sains Kejururawatan) E. Social Sciences (Sains Sosial) Anthropology Psychology Sociology (Antropologi) (Psikologi) (Sosiologi) Political Science Management and Business Geography (Sains Politik) (Pengurusan dan Perniagaan) (Geografi) Economic Human Ecology Communication (Ekonomi) (Ekologi Manusia) (Komunikasi) F. Arts and Applied Arts (Sastera dan Sastera Ikhtisas) Language and Linguistic Literature Religion (Bahasa dan Linguistik) (Kesusasteraan) (Agama) Philosophy Civilization History (Falsafah) (Tamadun) (Sejarah) Art Culture Education (Seni) (Budaya) (Pendidikan) Principle and Law Built Environment Environment (Dasar dan Undang-undang) (Alam Bina- (Alam Sekitar- Aspek Kemanusiaan) Aspek Kemanusiaan) G. Natural Sciences and National Heritage (Sains Tabii dan Warisan Negara) Environment Forestry Argiculture (Alam Sekitar) (Perhutanan) (Pertanian) Marine Archaeology Geology (Marin) (Arkeologi) (Geologi) Ethnography Built Environment Culture (Etnografi) (Heritage Aspect) (Budaya) Alam Bina (Aspek Warisan) Various Biology (Kepelbagaian Biologi)

C(ii)

Location of Research: Tempat penyelidikan dijalankan: a) Solid Mechanics Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Sg

Besi, 57000 Kuala Lumpur b) Protection and Biophysical Technology Division,Science and Technology Research Institute for Defence

(STRIDE) Kajang, Selangor c) Weapon and Ballistic Laboratory,Science and Technology Research Institute for Defence (STRIDE) Bt

Arang,Rawang, Selangor

C(iii)

Duration of this research (Maximum 36 months): Tempoh masa penyelidikan ini (Maksimum 36 bulan): Duration: ___2 Tahun_____________ Tempoh : From : ____1 hb September 2010_____________ Dari : To : ___1 hb September 2012_____________ Hingga :

C(iv)

Other Researchers: Ahli-ahli penyelidik yang lain: (Please include your curriculum vitae if necessary)

Bil

Name Nama

IC / Passport

Number: No. Kad Pengenalan/

Pasport:

Faculty/ School/ Centre/ Unit

Fakulti/ P.Pengajian/ Pusat/Unit

Academic Qualification/ Designation

Tahap Kelayakan Akademik/Jawatan

Signature

Tandatangan

C(v)

Research projects that have been completed or ongoing by researchers for the last three years. Please provide title of research, duration, year commence and year ending. Sila sediakan maklumat termasuk termasuk tajuk, tempoh, tahun mula dan tahun tamat bagi penyelidikan yang sedang/telah dijalankan oleh penyelidik-penyelidik di dalam tempoh tiga tahun terakhir.

Title of Research Tajuk penyelidikan

Duration Tempoh

Start Date

Tarikh mula

End Date Tarikh tamat

Comparative study of portable bridge system using Aluminium Alloy and Composite Material -EscienceFund (Co-Researcher)

24 months Nov 2009 Nov 2011

A study of blast-wave propagations from free field and underground High Explosive (HE) detonation –FRGS 2009 (Co Researcher)

24 months June 2009 June 2011

KAJIAN STRUKTUR PENAHAN LETUPAN DI DEPOH PELURU ANGKATAN TENTERA MALAYSIA -Short Term Grant UPNM (Co Researcher)

12 months Nov 2008 Nov 2009

C(vi) Please furnish information on academic publications that has been published by the researchers for the

last five (5) years. (Example: Journals, Books, Chapters in books, etc) Sila kemukakan maklumat berkaitan penerbitan akademik yang telah diterbitkan oleh penyelidik dalam tempoh lima (5) tahun terakhir. (Contoh: Jurnal, buku, bab dalam buku, dll)

Title of publication

Tajuk penerbitan

Name of journals/books

Nama jurnal/buku

Year published

Tahun diterbitkan

A.R. Khairul, M.S. Risby, S.M.Sapuan, A.Khalina, A.M.S. Hamouda, Low Velocity Impact Properties of Kenaf and Ramie Composites, Chapter 15:

Research in Natural Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites (Ed. Sapuan Salit), ISBN 978-967-344-002-3, Publisher Universiti Putra Malaysia Press,

2009

Risby M.S, Hamouda, A.M.S., Wong S.V and Elsadig M (2008). Ballistic performance of lightweight coconut shell powder/Twaron reinforced polymer composite armour against non-armour piercing projectiles.

Defense Science Journal, Vol. 58, No. 2, pp. 248-263

2008

Risby M.S and A.M.S Hamouda, Lightweight Ballistic Composites: Military and Law-Enforcement Applications (Chapter 3: Modeling Ballistic Impact)” (2006) Ed. A.

Woodhead Publishing Limited, Abington Hall, Abington, ISBN 941-01-85573 Cambridge, CB1 6AH, England.

2006

Bhantnagar.

Alias, M.Y., Norazman, M.N. Ariffin, I, Ahmad.M, Ng, C.P. and Fauzi, M.Z., M.S Risby 2009. An Overview of Field Blast Test on Concrete Structures Subjected to Blast Loading.

Proceedings of Asia Pacific Conference on Defence and Security Technology, Hotel Istana, Kuala Lumpur, 6-7 October 2009.

2009

Risby M.S, Khairul, A.R, Hamouda, A.M.S., Elsadig M. and Wong S.V. (2006). A Novel Hybrid Armor Composite For Lightweight Ballistic Panel Applications.

Proceedings of International Conference of Composite Materials & nano-Structures (IC2MS-06), S.Alam,Selangor,Malaysia,24-27th April

2006

Risby M.S, Kian,B.K,A.M.S Hamouda,Khairul A.R,Wong S.V and Elsadig M. (2006) Effect of Sticting Patterns Multiple Layer of Kevlar Fabric Subjected to Impact Loadings. Proceedings of International Conference of Composite Materials & nano-Structures (IC2MS-06), S.Alam,Selangor,Malaysia,24-27th April.

Proceedings of International Conference of Composite Materials & nano-Structures (IC2MS-06), S.Alam,Selangor,Malaysia,24-27th April.

2006

Risby M.S and Hamouda, A.M.S (2005). Design and fabrication of Ballistic Automated Network Gun Systems (BANG-SYSTEMS) for impact studies. Proceedings of International Conference in Defence Technology, ICDT-05, J.W Marriot, Putrajaya, 30 Nov-2 Dec

Proceedings of International Conference in Defence Technology, ICDT-05, J.W Marriot, Putrajaya, 30 Nov-2 Dec

2005

Patent Title: A Novel Ballistic Composite Armor and Method of Making The Same

Malaysian Patent (PI20071050) 2007

C(vii)

Executive Summary of Research Proposal (maximum 300 words) (Please include the background of research, literature reviews, objectives, research methodology and expected outcomes from the research project) Ringkasan Cadangan Eksekutif Penyelidikan (maksima 300 patah perkataan) (Meliputi latar belakang penyelidikan, kajian literatur, kaedah penyelidikan, objektif dan jangkaan hasil penyelidikan)

Diverse applications of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been envisioned due to their remarkable chemical,

mechanical, electronic and magnetic properties [1]. They are being considered to make useful articles such as

reinforced materials, bulletproof vests, explosion-proof blankets, etc. Composite armor is typically used in military

operations due to its lightweight and cost efficiency criteria [2]. When a bullet strikes a composite armor, the fiber

reinforcements absorb and disperse the impact energy to successive composite layers. This will cause the

composite to deform in terms of delamination, shear cracks and fracture. Hence, composite armor should have a

high level of elastic storage energy (high fracture toughness) that will resist the bullet‟s penetrative force. The

energy absorption capacity of CNTs under ballistic impact simulations has been reported in two extreme cases in

which the bullet moved with constant speed [3-5]. However no such actual experimental based study on the CNT

fracture toughness influences in the impact resistance of composite materials was reported.

The main objective in this work is to investigate the relationship between the fracture toughness and impact

properties of an aramid fiber reinforced composite with CNT inclusions. Low and impact velocity tests will be

performed in order to acquire the energy absorption properties and impact response of the composite panels.

The fracture toughness analysis will be performed using the Single Edge Notch Bending (SENB) and Vicker‟s

indentation method. Tensile and flexural test will also be conducted to understand the fundamental stresses and

strain acting on the materials when subjected to quasi-static loadings. An empirical model which describes the

relationship of the fracture toughness and impact properties of the composite panels is expected to be developed

from the results.

References:

[1] Ajayan P. M., 1999, Chemical Reviiew. 99 1787

[2] Ashcroft J, Daniels D. J. and Hart S V., 2001, Selection and Application Guide to Personal Body Armor (US:

The National Institute of Justice‟s National Law Enforcement and Corrections Technology Center) p1

[3] Mylvaganam K., and Zhang L. C., 2006, Applied Physics Letter 89 p123127

[4] M. Grujicic, B. Pandurangan, K. L. Koudela and B. A. Cheeseman, 2006, A Computational Analysis of the

Ballistic Performance of Light-Weight Hybrid-Composite Armor, Applied Surface Sciences

[5] Brenner D W, Shenderova O A, Harrison J, Stuart S J, Ni B and Sinnott S B 2002 Journal of Physics

Condense Matter 14 783

Detailed proposal of research project: Cadangan maklumat penyelidikan secara terperinci: (a) Research background including Hypothesis /Research Questions and Literature Reviews.

Keterangan latar belakang penyelidikan termasuk kenyataan hipotesis / persoalan penyelidikan dan kajian literatur.

Literature Review

Carbon nanotubes are theoretically one of the strongest, stiffest materials with a calculated tensile strength of

600 megapascal and modulus of more than one terapascal [1]. If the mechanical properties of nanotubes can be

effectively incorporated into a polymer matrix, composites with very high strength can be achieved [2]. Because

of the large interphase volume present in nanocomposite materials, there is also the potential for enhanced

dissipation of impact energy in these systems. Alumina ceramic-composite armor can be harder than bullets and

can often fracture a bullet on impact without deforming. But ceramics are inflexible and heavy and inhibit

movement and heat dissipation. Thin and flexible armor give the armor user more mobility and reduce

physiological costs such as heat exhaustion [3]. Nanotube additives strengthen ceramics and polymers [4-6].

The strengthened materials can make armor thinner and lighter and so reduce physiological costs.

Researchers have found that adding 0.1 wt % carbon nanotubes to alumina composite increases the fracture

toughness from 3.7 to 4.9 MPa·m1/2

and that adding 10 wt % nanotubes nearly triples the fracture toughness of

nanocrystalline alumina (9.7 MPa·m1/2

) [7]. Nanotube-enhanced alumina ceramics permit armor designs that use

thinner and lighter ceramic plates to cover a larger area and so can add mobility and reduce physiological costs.

Nanotubes might also toughen boron carbide that has a diamond-like hardness of about 30 GPa but that fails to

resist high-velocity bullets [8]. The textile and fiber-composite soft body armor resist bullet penetration because

the fibers distribute a bullet‟s crushing force over a large area when the bullet deforms the armor [9].

The two most common ballistic fabrics in the body armor manufacturing are Kevlar and Spectra Shield [10].

Kevlar is an aramid or poly-(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA) fiber and its fabrics are woven [11]. Zylon or

poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) (PBO) fibers are stronger than Kevlar but Kevlar is the most popular armor

fiber. Spectra Shield consists of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene and its fibers are resin-bonded instead

of woven and lie parallel in each criss-crossing sheet [12]. A ballistic fabric resists bullets better if its threads

consist of numerous fine microfibers [13]. Nanotube additives strengthen polymers to make stronger fibers and

fabrics. Ballistic fabrics absorb and disperse an impact‟s energy from the struck fibers to other fibers in the fabric

[14]. This dissipation reduces the severity of the impact when the armor stops the bullet.

References:

[1] Lourie, O., Cox, D.M. and Wagner, H.D., ”Buckling and Collapse of Embedded Carbon Nanotubes,” Phys.

Rev. Lett., vol 81, No. 8, pp 1638-1641, August 1998.

[2] Andrew, R., Derbyshire, F., Dickey, E., Fan, X., Quian,D., Tantell, T., Rao, A.M, and Vilain,F., “Nanotube

Carbon-Carbon Composites,” Carbon 99, 24th Biennial Conference on Carbon, Am. Carbon Soc. Charleston,

SC, pp. 194-195, July 1999

[3] R. F. Goldman, “Physiological costs of body armor,” Military Medicine, vol. 134, no. 3, pp. 204–210, 1969..

[4] Z. Xia, W. A. Curtin, B. W. Sheldon, “Fracture Toughness of Highly Ordered Carbon Nanotube/Alumina

Nanocomposites,” Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology, vol. 126, No. 3, pp. 238–244, July 2004.

[5] Z. Xia, L. Riester, W. A. Curtin, H. Li, B. W. Sheldon, J. Liang, B. Chang, J. M. Xu, “Direct observation of

toughening mechanisms in carbon nanotube ceramic matrix composites,” Acta Materialia, vol. 52, no. 4, pp.

931–944, 23 February 2004.

Problem Statement:

Owing their high strength- and stiffness-to-weight ratios, polymer-matrix composites are increasingly being used

as structural materials in the personnel protective system (body armor, vehicles,etc). With respect to their overall

performance under ballistic impact conditions, advanced fiber-reinforced polymer-matrix composites are

generally classified into two main categories: (a) High-strength/ high-stiffness composites (typically based on

carbon-fiber reinforcements), which are highly effective in deforming and/or fracturing the incoming projectile

while having a very limited ability for absorbing the projectile‟s kinetic energy; and (b) High-ductility/high-

toughness advanced composites (typically based on glass or aramid reinforcements) whose properties are

optimized with respect to absorbing the maximum fraction of the kinetic energy carried by the projectile. The

resistance in terms of fracture toughness, increase the amount of energy required for crack growth and thus can

be significant sources of improved impact properties.

From the author‟s knowledge, there is no study being carried out to investigate the energy absorption capabilities

of CNT in improving the fracture toughness on composite armor. Hence, there is a need to establish a

fundamental understanding of the CNT fracture toughness capability in inhibiting the micro crack initiation (due to

intense impact event in nanoseconds) in the fiber-matrix interphase, which may lead to the increase in the

composite impact resistance. It can be suggested that polymer-matrix composites reinforced with carbon

nanotubes (CNT) may combine the benefits offered by the two aforementioned classes of advanced fiber-

reinforced polymer-matrix composite armors. That is, due to a high hardness of the nanotubes, CNT reinforced

polymer-matrix composite armor may be very effective in eroding/fracturing the projectile while a high strength

combined with a high ductility of these composite materials makes them very efficient in absorbing the

projectile‟s kinetic energy. Due to their exceptional mechanical properties, a high aspect ratio and a low density,

CNT can be perceived as ideal mechanical reinforcement candidates for the next generation of polymer-based

composite armors.

(b) Objective (s) of the Research

Objektif Penyelidikan

Example /Contoh: This study embarks on the following objectives: 1) To determine the carbon nanotubes/aramid fiber reinforced composite panel crack initiation energy and its fracture toughness using Single Edge Notched Bending and Vickers Indentation tests. 2) To determine the impact energy absorption of stitched Kevlar subjected to low and high velocity impacts 3) To develop empirical model (fracture toughness and impact properties relationship) of carbon nanotubes/aramid fiber reinforced composite using Design of Experiment methodology. (c) Methodology

Kaedah penyelidikan

Please state in the form / Sila nyatakan di borang ini

1. Description of Methodology ( Refer Appendix A) 2. Flow Chart of Research Activities ( Refer Appendix A)

3. Gantt Chart of Research Activities ( Refer Appendix B )

4. Milestones and Dates ( Refer Appendix C)

(d) Expected Results/Benefit Jangkaan Hasil Penyelidikan

1. At least two (2) publication in indexed journals

2. A numerical/empirical model which can describe the relationship of fracture toughness to impact properties of the composite panels

3. One (1) M.Sc student

C(viii) ACCESS TO EQUIPMENT AND MATERIAL / KEMUDAHAN SEDIA ADA UNTUK KEGUNAAN BAGI

PENYELIDIKAN INI

D

Equipment Peralatan

a) MSC. Dytran and Ansys b) Universal Testing Machine 50kN c) Hardness Tester d) Universal Testing Machine 5kN e) Ballistic Testing Apparatus f) Data Logger g) High Speed Digital Video Camera h) Test Barrel and Bullets

UPNM UPNM UPNM UPNM STRIDE UPNM STRIDE STRIDE

E BUDGET /BELANJAWAN

Please indicate your estimated budget for this research and details of expenditure according to the guidelines attached. Sila nyatakan anggaran bajet bagi cadangan penyelidikan ini dan berikan butir – butir perbelanjaan lengkap dengan berpandukan kepada garis panduan yang dilampirkan.

Budget details Butiran belanjawan

Amount requested by applicant

Jumlah yang dipohon oleh pemohon

Amount approved by VC/Dep.VC

(R&D)/Director of RMC Jumlah yang diluluskan oleh Naib

Canselor/ TNC (P&I)/Pengarah RMC

Year 1

Tahun 1 (RM)

Year 2

Tahun 2 (RM)

Year 3

Tahun 3 (RM)

Total

Jumlah (RM)

E(i)

Vote 11000 - Salary and wages Upah dan Elaun Untuk Pembantu Penyelidik Siswazah (GRA) 1 orang pelajar M.Sc RM 1,500/sebulan

1,500 x12 = 18,000

1,500 x12 = 18,000

Nil

Nil

Please Indicate the overall Budget

Sila nyatakan bajet secara keseluruhan

E(ii)

Vote 21000 - Travelling and Transportation/ Perjalanan dan Pengangkutan . i) Perbelanjaan Persidangan/ Seminar/Kursus (Tempatan) – ii) Perbelanjaan untuk perjalanan ke tapak ujian balistik STRIDE Batu Arang/Kilang-kilang pembuatan bahan kalis peluru di Malaysia/Agensi-agensi yang berkaitan dengan kerja penyelidikan ii) Perbelanjaan Persidangan/ Seminar/Kursus (Luar Negara) – untuk 1 orang

3,000 3,000 -

3,000 1,500 5,000

Nil

Nil

Budget details

Butiran belanjawan

Amount requested by applicant

Jumlah yang dipohon oleh pemohon

Amount approved by VC/Dep.VC

(R&D)/Director of RMC Jumlah yang diluluskan oleh Naib

Canselor/ TNC (P&I)/Pengarah RMC

Year 1

Tahun 1 (RM)

Year 2

Tahun 2 (RM)

Year 3

Tahun 3 (RM)

Total

Jumlah (RM)

E(iii)

Vote 24000 - Rental Sewaan Please specify Sila nyatakan secara lengkap dengan pecahannya sekali.

Nil

Nil

Nil

Nil

Please Indicate the overall Budget

Sila nyatakan bajet secara keseluruhan

E(iv)

Vote 27000 - Research Materials & Supplies Bekalan dan Bahan Penyelidikan Please specify Sila nyatakan secara lengkap dengan pecahannya sekali. i)Kevlar 129F Dupont Fabrics & Yarn (50 sqm2) ii)Spectra LCR Honeywell Fabrics (50 sqm2) iii)S-Glass Fabric (50 sqm2) iv) Carbon Nanotubes powder 10kg - Industrial Grade (Imported dari China)

2,500 3,500 2,000 6,000

1,000 2,000 1,000 3,000

Nil

Nil

E(v)

Vote 28000 - Maintenance and Minor Repair Services Baik pulih kecil dan ubahsuai Please specify Sila nyatakan secara lengkap dengan pecahannya sekali. „ Kos penyelengaraan laboratory scale gas gun (leakage, valve repair, circuit & controller box repair)

2,000

1,000

Nil

Nil

Budget details

Butiran belanjawan

Amount requested by applicant

Jumlah yang dipohon oleh pemohon

Amount approved by VC/Dep.VC

(R&D)/Director of RMC Jumlah yang diluluskan oleh Naib

Canselor/ TNC (P&I)/Pengarah RMC

Year 1 Tahun 1

(RM)

Year 2

Tahun 2 (RM)

Year 3

Tahun 3 (RM)

Total

Jumlah (RM)

E(vi)

Vote 29000 - Professional Services Perkhidmatan Ikhtisas Please specify Sila nyatakan secara lengkap dengan pecahannya sekali.

a) Booklet /Poster printing

b) Honorium for Labview Programmer (1 orang)

c) Yuran Persidangan /Kursus (tempatan)

d) Yuran Persidangan (Antarabangsa)

1,000 5,000 2,500 -

- - 2,500 2,500

Nil

Nil

Please Indicate the overall Budget

Sila nyatakan bajet secara keseluruhan

E(vii)

Vote 35000 - Accessories and Equipment Aksesori dan Peralatan Please specify Sila nyatakan secara lengkap dengan pecahannya sekali.

a) Dynamic Strain Gage (400 pcs) & accessories (cables and kits)

b) Triaxis accelerometers 10,000g (1 nos)

c) Chorograph (2 nos)

4,000 3,000 2,500

1,500 - -

Nil

Nil

TOTAL AMOUNT

JUMLAH BESAR

58,000

42,000

-

-

F

Declaration by applicant / Akuan Pemohon (Please tick ( √ )): / (Sila tanda ( √ )):

I hereby confess that: Saya dengan ini mengaku bahawa:

1. All information stated here are accurate, KPT and IPT has right to reject or to cancel the offer without prior notice if there is any inaccurate information given. Semua maklumat yang diisi adalah benar, KPT dan IPT berhak menolak permohonan atau membatalkan tawaran pada bila-bila masa sekiranya keterangan yang dikemukakan adalah tidak benar.

2. Application of this fundamental research is presented for the Fundemental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS). Permohonan projek penyelidikan ini dikemukakan untuk memohon peruntukan di bawah Geran Penyelidikan Fundamental IPT.

3. Application of this fundamental research is also presented for the other reasearch grant/s (grant’s name and total amount) Permohonan projek penyelidikan ini juga dikemukakan untuk memohon peruntukan geran penyelidikan dari (nama geran dan jumlah dana)____________________________________

Date : Applicant’s Signature : Tarikh : Tandatangan Pemohon : ___________________________

G

Recommended by Vice Chancellor/Deputy Vice Chancellor (Research and Innovation)/Director of Research Management Center

Perakuan Naib Canselor/Timbalan Naib Canselor(P & I)/Pengarah Pusat Pengurusan Penyelidikan

Please tick ( √ ) Sila tandakan ( √ ) Recommended: Diperakukan: A. Highly Recommended Sangat Disokong B. Recommended Disokong C. Not Recommended (Please specify reason) Tidak Disokong (Sila Nyatakan Sebab) Comments: Ulasan: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------- Name: Signature: Nama: Tandatangan: Date: Tarikh:

Note: APPLICATIONS SUBMITTED WILL BE TREATED IN FULL CONFIDENCE. THE DECISION OF THE FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH GRANT SCHEME MAIN COMMITTEE MOHE IS FINAL. Semua permohonan dianggap sulit. Keputusan Jawatankuasa Induk Skim Geran Penyelidikan Fundamental KPT adalah MUKTAMAD.

APPENDIX A: METHODOLOGY

The methodology for this research is divided into two parts, which the first part involves the experimental work and

the second part is creating a finite element model of the compositearmor using finite element analysis process

(flowchart is shown in Figure 1).

Impact Tests Mechanical properties testing

METHODOLOGY

Finite element modelling

EXPERIMENTAL WORKS

CONCLUSION

Low Velocity Test

FINITE ELEMENT WORK

Test Protocols & Design of Experiment

Fabrication of Hybrid Composite Plates & Test Specimens

Mechanical properties data

Actual Ballistic Test for Validation of Model

High impact velocity test

Evaluating and Improving Results

RESULTS & DISCUSSION

Figure 1: Proposed Methodology Chart

Details of this work are described as below:

i) Experimental Work:

• For the fabrication process, aramid fiber /fabric will be cross-laid in specific order achieve protective layers in all

directions. Hand layout technique will be utilized in the composite work using epoxy resin as the matrix component.

Carbon nanotubes will be homogenously mixed in the matrix using an untrasonic stirrer equiment.

• Mechanical properties of the composite panelswill be tested using Universal Testing Machine to acquire tensile,

compression, flexural data and fracture toughness. Vicker indentation test will also be performed to compare the

toughness results.

• For the high velocity impact tests, it will be performed using ITMA, UPM gas gun (as shown in Figure 2).

Currently, the equipment is undergoing major upgrading to facilitate the instrumentation works. Design of

experiment method will be used to create the test runs.

• For the low velocity velocity impact tests, it will be performed using DYNATUP 8250 Drop Weight Tower at

UITM, Shah Alam.

• For the model verification, an actual ballistic test will be performed at STRIDE Batu Arang. The schematic

process is as shown in Figure 3.

Figure 3: Schematic of ballistic test setup following the United States NIJ Standard 0101.08

ii) Finite Element Work:

For numerical modeling process, results obtained from the experimental work will be analyzed and simulated using

finite element software (M.SC PATRAN/DYTRAN) in order to create a simulated model for the research. This model

then will be validated its authenticity by comparing with the experimental results.

APPENDIX C: MILESTONES

Major Milestone Estimated Completion Date

1. Material Acquisition February 2011

2. Samples Fabrications for mechanical & impact tests May 2011

3. Mechanical Testing August 2011

4 Impact Testing September 2011

5. Finite Element Modeling April 2012

6. Validation of Model May 2012

7. Report Submission September 2012

Load Cell (Impact Load)

High Speed Digital Video Camera

(Visual Imaging & Analysis)

Photoelectric Sensor (Velocity)

Accelerometer (Displacement)

Charge Amplifier (Amplify signal voltage

level)

Thermocouple (Temperature)

Pressure Transmitter (Pressure Settings)

NI Multifunction I/O Card

Impact Data Acquisition

System (Gather data during

impact event)

Automated Pressure System

(Projectile propulsion control)

Accelerometer Connection Only

High Speed Digitizer Card

Rest of the Sensors Connection

PC(LABVIEW is used for the system intergration) Virtual Instrumentation and Data Acquisition Software

Raw data

Signal Conditioning Rack (Consisting of modules for each sensors)

Solenoid Valve (Pressure

Control Gate)

Figure 2: Schematic Layout of Laboratory Gas Gun