View
235
Download
4
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Training on the Vulnerability and Impact Assessment on Agriculture for Local Stakeholders in Benguet and Ifugao
Citation preview
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Strengthening Philippine Institutional Capacity to Adapt to Climate Change Outcome 3.1 Activity 3.3
Training Report
Component 3A: Training on the Vulnerability and Impact Assessment Tools on Agriculture for Local Stakeholders in Benguet and Ifugao
2010
UPLB Foundation Inc. Lanzones Road, UPLB Campus
College, Laguna 4031 Philippines Tel: (049) 536 3368 Fac: (049) 536 6265
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Funded by:
Through the:
Department of Agriculture
Elliptical Road, Diliman, Quezon City
Implemented by:
UPLB Foundation Inc.
Lansones Road, Univeristy of the Philippines Los Baños
College, Laguna
Report Prepared by:
JESUSITA O. COLADILLA With EUNICE CHARICE B. MENDOZA ROMNICK O. BALITON CATH DELA TORRE
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
PROCEEDINGS
of the
TRAINING OF TRAINORS
on
Vulnerability and Impact Assessment Tools
for Agriculture Sector
in Benguet and Ifugao
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY i
I INTRODUCTION 1
II THE TRAINING PROGRAM 2
a Program Overview 2
b Participants 3
c Participants Expectations 4
d Synthesis of Lectures/Presentation 5
Lecture 1 - Training Overview 5
Lecture 2 - Climate Change Science: Basic Meteorology and Climatology Concepts
6
Lecture 3 - Climate Change Vulnerability Basic Concepts 6
Lecture 4 - Philippine Climate Change Scenarios and its Impacts to Agriculture
7
Lecture 5 – Impacts of climate change in Benguet and Ifugao 7
Lecture 6 - Vulnerability and Impact Assessment Framework, Approaches, Tools and Methods: An Overview
7
Lecture 7 - Biophysical and Socio-economic Characterization for
Benguet and Ifugao
8
Lecture 8 - Climate Change and Women in Benguet 8
Lecture 9 - FGD and KII as tools in VIA 8
Lecture 10 - Proposed Vulnerability and Adaptive Capacity Assessment Tool of the Agricultural Sectors to Climate Change Benguet and Ifugao
8
Lecture 11 - GIS Mapping as a Tool for Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment of Agriculture
9
e Group Exercises On Vulnerability And Impact Assessment 9
III Pre- and Post-Training Evaluation 22
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
APPENDICES 29
Table 1 – Training Program for the Province of Benguet 30
Table 2 – Training Program for the Province of Ifugao 31
Table 3 – List of Participants from Benguet 32
Table 4 – List of Participants from Ifugao 34
Presentations (topics presented)
Lecture 1 - Training Overview 35
Lecture 2 - Climate Change Science: Basic Meteorology and Climatology Concepts
37
Lecture 3 - Climate Change Vulnerability Basic Concepts 44
Lecture 4 - Philippine Climate Change Scenarios and its Impacts to Agriculture
48
Lecture 5 – Impacts of climate change in Benguet and Ifugao 49
Lecture 6 - Vulnerability and Impact Assessment Framework, Approaches, Tools and Methods: An Overview
58
Lecture 7 - Biophysical and Socio-economic Characterization for
Benguet and Ifugao
63
Lecture 8 - Climate Change and Women in Benguet 68
Lecture 9 - FGD and KII as tools in VIA
Lecture 10 - Proposed Vulnerability and Adaptive Capacity Assessment Tool of the Agricultural Sectors to Climate Change Benguet and Ifugao
87
Lecture 11 - GIS Mapping as a Tool for Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment of Agriculture
94
Pre- and Post Training Evaluation Results 1022
Photo Documentations 107
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page i
Executive Summary
A three-day Training of Trainors on Climate Change Vulnerability and Impact
Assessment tools for the province of Ifugao was conducted at Ifugao State University (IfSU),
Lamut, Ifugao on November 10-12, 2010 and at Benguet State University (BSU), La Trinidad,
Benguet last December 6-8, 2010 for the province of Benguet.
A total of 14 and 32 participants attended the training for Ifugao and Benguet,
respectively. The host institution welcomed the participants during the opening ceremony. For
Benguet, the event was graced by the Vice-President for Academic Affairs of the host institution,
in the person of Dr. Tessie M. Merestela. Dr. Feliciano G. Calora, SPICACC-BSU Project
Leader, was also present during the opening programme and gave short message to the
participants. Participants are composed mainly of Municipal Agricultural Officers (MAO),
agricultural technicians, farmers, and local government officials of the project site municipalities
(Atok, Buguias, Sablan, and Tuba for the province of Benguet; Kiangan, Banaue, Alfonso Lista
and Mayoyao for the province of Ifugao). In Benguet, representatives from BSU and Regional
Field Unit of the Department of Agriculture in Cordillera Autonomous Region (RFU-DA-CAR)
were also present.
The training module is designed to capacitate the local stakeholders (LGUs, farmers and
MAO) in conducting vulnerability and impact assessment using available tools and methods
suitable to the province of Benguet and Ifugao. This is part of the project of the Department of
Agriculture funded under the Millennium Development Goal Fund (MDGF) entitled
“Strengthening the Philippine Institutional Capacity to Adapt to Climate Change (SPICACC)”
The training aim to: a) update the stakeholders of the current development on climate
change; b) update the stakeholders on the available climatic and biophysical information on
their province; c) provide the stakeholders with vulnerability and impact assessment tools
available; d) train the stakeholders in using the assessment tools appropriate to the area; and e)
enable the participants to conduct their own vulnerability and impact assessment.
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page ii
To meet the above objectives, the 3-day training was divided into five parts, namely: a)
introduction to climate change, b) climate change impacts on agriculture in the Cordillera,
specifically in Benguet and Ifugao, c) vulnerability and impact assessment framework, d) tools
and methods for vulnerability and impact assessment and e) vulnerability and impact
assessment workshop.
Other than lectures, pre-and post assessment survey on level of knowledge of the
participants on topics to be discussed, exercises, workshop and post training evaluation were
conducted to meet the training objectives and to evaluate whether they gleaned knowledge from
the training.
On the first day of the training, the main topics covered are: a) Understanding of Climate
Change Science and its Impacts, b) Philippine Climate Change Scenarios, and c) Impacts of
Climate Change in Benguet Province. On the second day, the main focus is on the vulnerability
and impact assessment. Topics discussed include: a) Vulnerability and Impact Assessment
(VIA) Framework, b) Tools and Methods for VIA such as Focus Group Discussion (FGD), Key
Informant Interview (KII) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The third day served as
the culminating activity of the training, wherein participants are grouped by the municipality they
represented and in a workshop were assigned to conduct their own vulnerability and impact
assessment. At the end of the hour, participants presented their VIA outputs.
Pre and post evaluation of the level of knowledge of the participants on climate change
and the topics to be discussed show an increase in their level of awareness after the training
and the training evaluation results indicated that the training objectives were met. However,
there are some recommendations like inclusion of decision makers in the training, additional
time for each topic, additional topics, and more exercises/hands on and local examples.
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 1
I. INTRODUCTION
The Philippines has always been frequented by climate related hazards like tropical
cyclones and other extreme events like droughts and floods that hampered the health of
human population; caused deaths, damaged life and properties and aggravated the difficulties
among the poor people of the country. These natural hazards can be attributed to the
changing climate, popularly known as “climate change”. According to Cruz, et al (2010),
climate change affects the different sectors of the community and all ecosystems from the
forest down to the coastal areas which encompasses the forest, agro-forest, agricultural,
industrial, residential, commercial and coastal ecosystems.
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in their fourth
assessment report in 2007 that archipelagic countries and small islands are the most
vulnerable to climate change. The Philippines already experiences the brunt of climate change
as per record of increasing frequency of disasters like drought, typhoons, massive landslides,
and flooding that are observed in the last ten years. Agricultural, coastal and urban sectors
are among the most affected; urban sector where poorest of the poor are mostly located and
are dependent on coastal and agriculture for their food supply and the agricultural sector
which is heavily dependent on climate for their production.
In the same report, IPCC projected that impacts of climate change will intensify in the
years to come based from their global climate simulation under different economic scenarios.
Projection shows that the Philippines will be greatly affected in all scenarios. Vulnerability and
impact assessment, therefore, is needed for better planning of adaptation strategies that will
address specific sector, places and group of people.
As the most affected sector, agriculture needs to be equipped with tools and methods for
better assessment of its vulnerability. Using local knowledge and available methodologies for
vulnerability and impact assessment, this training of trainors was, therefore, conducted to
capacitate the agricultural stakeholders in the provinces of Benguet and Ifugao in conducting
vulnerability and impact assessment using available tools and methods suitable to their
respective provinces.
Specifically, the training aim to:
1. Update the stakeholders of the current development on climate change;
2. Update the stakeholders on the available climatic and biophysical
information;
3. Provide the stakeholders with vulnerability and impact assessment tools
available;
4. Train the stakeholders in using the assessment tools appropriate to the area;
and,
5. Enable the participants to conduct their own vulnerability and impact
assessment.
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 2
II. THE TRAINING PROGRAM
a. Program Overview
This training of trainors on vulnerability and impact assessment tools and
methods for the province of Ifugao was conducted at Ifugao State University (IfSU) on
November 10-12, 2010 while for Benguet, it was conducted from December 6 to 8,
2010 at Strawberry and Gladiola Hall in Benguet State University (BSU), La Trinidad,
Benguet. The training was implemented by the UPLB Foundation Inc. (UPLBFI) with
the support coming from the Millennium Development Goal Fund (MDGF) through the
Department of Agriculture (DA).
The training program was designed to train the member of the technical
working group (TWG) of the SPICACC project in each province which consist of:
researchers from the State University, representatives from the Provincial Agricultural
Office, representatives from the Local Government Unit (LGU), the municipal
agricultural officer (MAO), agricultural technicians (AT) and farmer leaders from the
demo site for the SPICACC project, to conduct vulnerability and impact assessment
of their respective community. For this purpose, the training program was divided into
three parts: background of the training and the project, the tools and methods, and
the hands-on exercises. Program of activities for the province of Ifugao and Benguet
are shown in Appendix Table 1 and 2, respectively. Implementation was facilitated by
the UPLBFI staff in close coordination with the host institution, the IfSU for Ifugao and
BSU for Benguet.
The opening program for the training in Benguet was graced by Dr. Tessie M.
Merestela, Vice President for Academic Affairs of the Benguet State University (BSU)
and Dr. Feliciano Calora, Jr., BSU Director for Development and Planning. For
Ifugao, Ms. Mable Sawey from the IfSU, Potia Campus helped in the facilitation of the
event. In both provinces, coordinators from the UPLBFI: Dr. Jesusita O. Coladilla with
Ms. Eunice Charis Mendoza and Mr. Romnick Baliton. facilitated all the activities.
Overview of the training, objective of the course, expectations from the participants
and expected outcome were laid during the first hour of the training. In both trainings,
participants were also requested to share their expectations (from the lecturer, the
participants, the coordinators and the logistics), and were given pre-training survey on
their level of awareness on climate change and vulnerability and impact assessment.
Day one focused on the understanding of Climate Change Science and its
Impacts, Climate Change Scenario, Responses to Climate Change, Basic
Terminology, and Vulnerability and Impact Assessment. Four chapters of the module
were discussed on this day. These topics are as follows:
1. “Introduction of the training” – Appendix topic 1;
2. “Basic Climate Change Science: Global Warming, Greenhouse Gases, and
Consequences” - Appendix topic 2;
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 3
3. “Climate Change Vulnerability Basic Concepts” – Appendix Topic 3; and
4. “Philippine Climate Change Scenarios and its Impacts to Agriculture” –
Appendix topic 4
On the second day, the main focus is on the Vulnerability and Adaptation
Assessment, Methods, and Tools. Seven chapters were discussed on this day.
These topics were as follows:
1. “Impacts of Climate Change in Benguet” by SPICACC Project; - Appendix
topic 5;
2. “Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment Approaches, Framework, Tools,
and Methods: An Overview” – Appendix topic 6;
3. “Benguet Women and Climate Change” – Appendix topic 7;
4. “Biophysical Characterization and Socio-economic Characteristics of
Benguet: In Relations to Vulnerability and Adaptation Capacity
Assessment” – Appendix Topic 8;
5. “GIS Mapping as a Tool for Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment to
Impacts of Climate Change” – Appendix topic 9; and
6. “Vulnerability and Adaptive Capacity Assessment of the Agricultural Sectors
to Climate Change” – Appendix Topic 10.
It was unfortunate that three topics specific for the province of Ifugao were
not discussed during the training in Ifugao, namely: a) Biophysical Characterization
and Socio-economic Characteristics of Ifugao, and b) Impacts of Climate Change to
Women. Member of the SPICACC research team from Ifugao were requested to
present their outputs on bio-physical and socio-economic characterization of the
province to serve as background material during the hands-on exercise,
unfortunately, they were not able to come. Some materials on these topics however,
were provided and included in the distributed e-materials (CD copy of all the materials
presented).
The last day of the training was dedicated for the workshop, and training
assessment. All the participants were encouraged to conduct their own VIA using the
tools and methods presented during the first two days.
b. Participants
Members of the TWG in each demo site municipality were invited to participate
in the training through their respective Mayors. All invited sectors and pilot site
municipalities in Benguet were well represented, as follows: BSU (6), Sablan (5), Atok
(7), Buguias (5), Tuba (4) and DA-CAR FU (5) (Appendix Table 3). Unfortunately, in
Ifugao, only three municipality sent representatives: Banaue (5), Kiangan (7),
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 4
Mayoyao (2) and from IFSU (1) (Appendix Table 4). But though, the training in Ifugao
have limited numbers of participants, they are diverse in composition and each one of
them actively participated in all activities.
Composition of the participants in each province are as follows:
Benguet Ifugao
MAO/AT 6 5
LGU 10 6
Farmer Leader 5 2
Researcher 6 1
DA-CARPU _5_ _0_
TOTAL 32 14
c. Participants’ Expectations from the Training
In the same manner that training coordinators have expectations from the
participants, participants also have their own. Hence, they were asked to share all their
expectation during the start of the training to have some leveling-off of expectations.
Participants from each province were asked to enumerate their expectations from the
following: a) from the training course, b) from their co-participants, and c) were asked
“what are they willing to contribute during the course and after the training to the
community or sector they are representing”. Below are the responses given by the
participants.
The following were the expectations of the participants from the training:
learn tools in measuring vulnerability and adaptation capacity of communities
learn different climate change indicators
additional insights on CCA
more insights on CC
participative audience
lively discussions
more knowledge and information on climate change
to be trained on how to disseminate CC vulnerability and how to assess impacts
of cc in various factors affected by cc especially in agriculture
to be aware on CC impacts
to be equipped on how to assess and apply
to be enlightened on how GIS can be applied
to gain more knowledge and information on climate change
gain knowledge on assessment tools for the agriculture sector
to know/learn the tools and methods of assessing hazards of climate change
how to locate the indicators of CC in the community
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 5
To know the mitigating measures to address this climate change problems
To be aware of the adaptation strategies for climate change to have instrument for investment to my community
How to download the tools to the LGU for use
Increase knowledge on climate change
We can get help in our GIS
Understand what is climate change and be able to learn how to assess its impacts thru tools available
Learn about vulnerability assessment tools
Learn impacts of climate change on biodiversity
Learn about climate change vulnerability and impact assessment
Learn how to assess climate change vulnerability and adaptation methods and tools
Learn how to apply this knowledge in actual expectation.
The following are the contributions that the participants are willing to give/do
during and after the training:
information dissemination to the community
disseminate knowledge gained in this training to FFS facilitators in CAR
share observations and stories from the communities regarding impact of climate change
The participants indicated the following as the ways on how they would use/apply
the things they learned from the training:
apply CCA mitigation measures in agricultural production activities
use in preparing for information/education/campaign regarding climate change in university/ communities
use in agriculture research
use in my assignment in RPCMT
in personal involvement in environmental NGOs
in GIS mapping of agricultural projects
The number of expectations listed by the participants under the expectations from
the training show their high expectations to learn from the topics to be discussed by the
resource speakers. However, few of them shared their expectations from their co-
participants and few have an idea how they would apply the knowledge gain in their future
activities.
d. Synthesis of Lectures/Presentation
Lecture 1 – Introduction of the training (Appendix topic 1)
In both sites, Dr. Coladilla discussed the overview of the program and the training
logistics, the background of the activity, the objective, and the expectations of the
coordinator from the participants. She mentioned about the SPICACC project
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 6
and the connection between this training course to the overall SPICACC program
in the province. Specific objectives of the training course were also noted as well
as the expected outputs and outcome, as follows:
i. Update the stakeholders of the current development on climate change;
ii. Update the stakeholders on the available climatic and biophysical
information;
iii. Provide the stakeholders with vulnerability and impact assessment tools
available;
iv. Train the stakeholders in using the assessment tools appropriate to the
area; and,
v. Enable the participants to conduct their own vulnerability and impact
assessment.
After her presentations, she encouraged the participants to share their
expectations from the training: topics, speakers, venue and other logistics. She
also mentioned that the course would be as informal as possible and that active
participation from the participants is expected and being encouraged.
Lecture 2: Climate Change Science: Basic Meteorology and Climatology Concepts
(Appendix Topic 2)
Prior to the lecture on this topic, a pre- training survey on the level of
awareness of the participants on the topics to be discussed was given. The
survey was given as part of leveling off. As an introduction, Dr. Coladilla showed
some pictures depicting the aftermath of different climatic events. She mentioned
that she needs to convince them that there is indeed climate change; otherwise,
all the presentations to follow will be of no interest to the participants.
Accordingly, there is no need to conduct training on vulnerability and impact
assessment tools if nobody in the group believes, in the first place, that there is
indeed climate change. Starting off from this statement, terms such as weather,
climate, climate change, global warming, and greenhouse gases were defined.
Sources of greenhouse gases were identified, as well as, the consequences of
its concentration in the atmosphere and the individual contribution to these
changes.
Lecture 3: Climate Change Vulnerability Basic Concepts (Appendix Topic 3)
Under this topic, key terminologies of climate change such as Impacts,
vulnerability, adaptation, mitigation, risk, hazards, shock, variability, trend,
exposure, sensitivity, adaptive, and capacity were discussed. The basic concepts
of climate change vulnerability in the context of agriculture were also discussed.
The methods and tools used for assessing vulnerabilities of local communities to
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 7
climate change were also differentiated for further understanding. Examples of
how to conduct community vulnerability assessment were then identified. To
conclude the lecture, Dr. Coladilla challenged the participants to get involve, to
participate in discussions and activities, to know our part and how we can adapt
to it. This will come to pass during our time and the next generation, our children
and grandchildren will suffer much if we will not act today.
Lecture 4: Philippine Climate Change Scenarios and its Impacts to Agriculture
(Appendix Topic 4)
Using the materials from PAG-ASA, Dr. Jesusita O. Coladilla, introduced
to the participants the different climate change scenarios and their consequences
such as changes in temperature (changes in land surface temperature, changes
in sea surface temperature), variation in rainfall, and ice melting and sea level
rise. Climate change scenarios in both international and national settings were
shown to increase awareness of the participants on projected climate changes.
The lecture focused more on the vulnerability of the Philippines to the impacts of
climate change and the projected climate by PAG-ASA based from the results of
their modeling using PRECIS. Different key impacts were identified. Then, the
implications of these impacts were discussed.
Lecture 5: Impacts of Climate Change In Benguet And Ifugao (Appendix Topic 5)
Dr. Coladilla presented in this part the result of the FGD and KII
conducted in both provinces on the impacts of CC and what are the vulnerability
assessment tools utilized by the locals. She mentioned about the identified
climate drivers such as drought, landslide, flooding and excessive rains in Ifugao
and drought, landslide, frost, increase in temperature and landslide in Benguet.
She also noted the most affected crops, such as: sayote and vegetables in
Benguet and rice and corn in Ifugao.
Lecture 6. Vulnerability and Impact Assessment Framework, Approaches, Tools and
Methods: An Overview (Appendix Topic 6)
Dr. Coladilla presented the proposed framework for vulnerability and
impact assessment that they are proposing as part of their MDGF project with
NEDA. She presented the steps by steps process, the expected output, the data
needed and the tools and methods that can be used to attained the expected
outputs. Different terms were defined for the participants to better understand the
concepts. Examples were also given. A simple exercise about V and A
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 8
assessment was given to the participants to evaluate their learning about the
matter.
Lecture 7. Biophysical and Socio-economic Characterization for Benguet and Ifugao
(Appendix Topic 7)
This topic was supposed to be presented by the partner institutions from
Ifugao and Benguet who are also working on SPICACC project. For Ifugao, the
materials provided by Ms. Sawey were presented by Mr. Vergara while for
Benguet, Dr. Parao thoroughly discussed the results of their survey in the four
project municipalities on the impacts of CC and the bio-physical characteristics of
the province. She gives emphasis on the soil and bio-diversity characteristics of
the province. Her presentation is in connection with the requirements for the VIA.
She also gave brief introduction about the socio-economic condition of the
province which was later presented by Ms. Batani in details on her presentation
on impacts of CC on women. Copy of materials from SPICACC team in Ifugao
were included in the E-materials distributed after the training.
Lecture 8. Climate Change and Women in Benguet
This topic is part of the socio-economic characterization of the province
of Benguet, a project under SPICACC commissioned to partner institutions. Dr.
Ruth S. Batani presented the results of the study they conducted regarding
gender characteristics and climate change. Here, the effects of climate change to
women with respect to livelihood, workload, and health were emphasized. It is
unfortunate that no presentation was given on this topic in the case of Ifugao.
Lecture 9. FGD and KII as tools in VIA
In Ifugao, Mr. Romnick Baliton gave an overview of the tools that can be
utilized in gathering socio-economic information for VIA, specifically FGD and KII.
He discussed thoroughly what focus group discussion (FGD) is and what is key
informant interview (KII). Later he gave examples of results based from the activity
conducted earlier in the province. For Benguet, this topic was discussed by Ms.
Batani and Dr. Parao during their presentation. Though they did not discuss
thoroughly the concept, they mentioned how it was done during their data
gathering in Benguet.
Lecture 10. Proposed Vulnerability and Adaptive Capacity Assessment Tool of the
Agricultural Sectors to Climate Change Benguet and Ifugao
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 9
Dr. Jose Nestor Garcia started his presentation on the overview of
climate change and the need for vulnerability and impact assessment. He also
mentioned of the different tools and methods available internationally and some of
the tools and methods utilized locally that can be integrated for the VIA in
Cordillera. He presented a scoring matrix that they developed for evaluation of
the participants as to its applicability to the province. The steps of the procedure
were discussed. After the discussion, the participants were given a group
exercise. It was unfortunate that this topic was not delivered in Ifugao during this
training but was delivered later during the training on monitoring and evaluation.
Lecture 11. GIS Mapping as a Tool for Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment of
Agriculture (Appendix Topic 11)
This topic was presented by Prof. Vergara in Ifugao and by Dr. Garcia in
Benguet. They discussed the basic concept on geographic information systems
(GIS) AND other tools that can be used in characterization of one area for VIA
assessment. They mentioned about methods that can be applied such as:
geographic positioning systems, satellite image, and remote sensing. Using some
information provided to them earlier from Ifugao and Benguet, they showed how
this can be utilized to come up a map of vulnerable areas to some climatic hazards
based from its physical characteristics.
e. Group Exercises on Vulnerability and Impact Assessment
To give hands-on experience in conducting vulnerability and impact assessment
(VIA), specifically in: a) identifying impacts of climate change to their community, b)
analyzing the vulnerability level of their community, c) identifying their adaptation needs and
adaptive capacity, and d) in identifying possible adaptation options, participants were given
a half-day workshop on conducting VIA. Through this exercises, participants are expected
will be able to be able to address the adverse impacts of the present and future climate,.
Local participants were divided by municipality while participants from the line agencies and
from the university were distributed to the different municipality. Each group was composed
of at least one of the following participants: LGU, MAO, AT, farmer leader, researcher from
the University and representative from DA or from DENR.
A copy of the step by step procedure in conducting VIA, as shown below, was
provided to each group. Participants are requested to show outputs from each step for
comments and suggestions. Expected final output is vulnerability map of the municipality for
the identified most disastrous climatic event. A table of vulnerability rating based from
derived vulnerability index of the agricultural commodity using the earlier discussed simple
vulnerability assessment tools, is also expected.
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 10
Outputs for each step are requested to be presented for comments and suggestions
to ensure that participants are in the right track.
Step by Step Procedure for the Vulnerability and Impact Assessment Exercise
Step Data to be collected (Indicators)
Output Method
Step 1. Describing climate-related hazards
a. Identify climate-related hazards in the community. List down and describe the nature of hazards in terms of its recurrence, seasonality, location
Type of hazards
Seasonality
Location
List and nature of hazards
Seasonal occurrence of hazards
Timeline (hazard history and significant events that happened in the community)
Seasonal calendar
b. For each of the hazards, determine how frequent the community is exposed to the hazard, what were affected and their impacts
Frequency of exposure to the hazards
Duration
What were affected
Magnitude of the damage (e.g. effects on crop yields)
Observed trends
Prevalence and severity of the hazards
Historical transect (how much natural resources have been affected by the hazards)
Matrix ranking (determine hazard that has most serious impact on the community
Step 2. Describe the vulnerabilities of the community
c. Identify high risk areas (harsh environments)
Flood-prone areas Steep areas prone to
soil erosion or landslides
Drought and dry spell sensitive areas
Denuded areas (muyong or communal forest) (percent of total agricultural area)
Location of “high risk” areas
Key informant interview Community mapping Transect walk
d. Identify vulnerable farming systems
Identify major farming systems (crops livestock, fish)
Determine sensitivity of crops
Areas planted to annual crops (rice terraces, vegetables)
Areas with large number of livestock
Areas devoted to aquaculture
Vulnerable farming systems
Secondary data (area planted to crops, sensitivity of crops to climate change)
Transect walk Seasonal calendar
(rainfall, cropping pattern and farm activities,
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 11
and livestock to extreme climate conditions (severity of impacts of crops and livestock)
Map areas devoted to climate-sensitive crops and livestock
seasonality of income)
e. Map high-density areas
High density areas High population density map
Social mapping
f. Identify “most vulnerable” groups
Proportion of subsistence farmers in the community
List of “most vulnerable” groups
Matrix ranking Analysis of all types of
livelihood assets
Step 3. Identify capacity of the community
Type of Capacity Data to be collected
(Indicators)
Influence on Adaptive Capacity
a. Physical capacity Number of available family labor
More family labor higher capacity
b. Cognitive ability and linguistic capacity
Literacy rate High literacy rate generally have high adaptive capacity
c. Resource availability
Access to transportation
Lack of access to transportation decreases adaptive capacity
d. Communication system
Presence, effectiveness and efficiency of a communication system
Absence of an effective and efficient communication system reduces adaptive capacity
e. Degree of isolation
Location and access Isolation decreases adaptive capacity
f. Availability of support systems
Presence of support systems (e.g. neighbors, community self help, family, NGOs, or service providers, agricultural support (shelter for livestock, rehabilitation support)
Availability of support services increases adaptive capacity
g. Economic capacity
Income level High income level increases adaptive capacity
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 12
Diversity of income sources (to include on-farm sources of income)
Dependency on on-farm sources of income decreases adaptive capacity
Cost of adaptation High cost of adaptation reduces adaptive capacity
h. Technological ability
Knowledge of technological adaptation
Lack of technological knowledge decreases adaptive capacity
i. Availability of support systems
Presence of support systems (e.g. neighbors, community self help, family, NGOs, or service providers, agricultural support (shelter for livestock, rehabilitation support)
Availability of support services increases adaptive capacity
j. Economic capacity
Income level High income level increases adaptive capacity
k. Technological ability
Knowledge of technological adaptation
Lack of technological knowledge decreases adaptive capacity
Step 4. Scoring and Indexing of Vulnerability
Exposure
Variable Qualitative Measure Type of
hazards Extreme hot temperatures Drought, extreme cold temperatures More frequent and stronger typhoons Heavier rains Landslide Flooding Frost (for Atok) Hailstorms (for Atok)
Seasonality All season One season
Frequency of exposure to the hazards (number of times the hazard occurred in 10-year period)
0 None
1 Very Rare 1-2x
2 Rare 3-4x
3 Moderate 5-6x
4 Frequent 7-8x
5 Very frequent 9-10x
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 13
Duration (e.g. frost, hailstorms in Atok)
0
1 Very short 1 day
2 Short 2- 4 days
3 Moderate 5-10 days
4 Long 11-30 days
5 Very long > 30 days
What are the impacts of the climate-related hazards?
Destruction of dikes Shift in cropping season Crop yield loss Emergence of new species and outbreak of pests and weeds Damage to crops
How prevalent were the impacts? (how widespread in terms of area or people)
0 None
1 Very minute 1-20%
2 minute 21-40%
3 Moderate 41-60%
4 Extensive 61-80%
Magnitude of the
damage (percent
crop loss)
0 None
1 Very Rare 1-20%
2 Rare 21-40%
3 Moderate 41-60%
4 Frequent 61-80%
5 Very frequent 81-100%
Sensitivity
Areas with large number of livestock (percent of total agricultural area
Areas devoted to aquaculture (percent of total agricultural area)
0 None
1 Very minute 1-20%
2 minute 21-40%
3 Moderate 41-60%
4 Extensive 61-80%
5 Very extensive 81-100%
Age structure and dependency rate (percent old (>70 years old) and young (<=8 years old) community members including disabled
0 None
1 Very low 1-20%
2 Low 21-40%
3 Moderate 41-60%
4 High 61-80%
5 Very High 81-100%
Household income
level (percent low
income)
0 None
1 Very minute 1-20%
2 minute 21-40%
3 Moderate 41-60%
4 Extensive 61-80%
5 Very extensive 81-100%
Sources of income
(percent income
from agriculture)
0 None
1 Very minute 1-20%
2 minute 21-40%
3 Moderate 41-60%
4 Extensive 61-80%
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 14
5 Very extensive 81-100%
General knowledge of the hazards (percent of population who are not knowledgeable)
0 None
1 Very minute 1-20%
2 minute 21-40%
3 Moderate 41-60%
4 Extensive 61-80%
5 Very extensive 81-100%
Presence of early
warning system (+)
0 Without
1 With very poor
2 With, poor
3 With, moderate
4 With, good
5 With, very good
Access to information
(+)
0 Without
1 With very poor
2 With, poor
3 With, moderate
4 With, good
5 With, very good
Presence of adaptation measures (+)
0 Without
1 With very poor
2 With, poor
3 With, moderate
4 With, good
5 With, very good
Adaptive Capacity
Number of available
family labor
0 None
1 Very low availability
2 Low availability
3 Moderate availability
4 High availability
5 Very high availability
Literacy rate (percent
of literates of the
population)
0
1 Very low 1-20%
2 Low 21-40%
3 Moderate 41-60%
4 High 61-80%
5 Very high 81-100%
Availability of resources (e.g. transportation, communication facilities) (percent of population with available resources)
0 None
1 Very low availability
2 Low availability
3 Moderate availability
4 High availability
5 Very high availability
Presence, effectiveness and efficiency of a communication
0 Without
1 With, very poor
2 With, poor
3 With, moderate
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 15
system 4 With, good
5 With, very good
Isolated areas (poor
accessibility)
(percent of total
agricultural area)
0 Very extensive 81-100%
1 Extensive 61-80%
2 Moderate 41-60%
3 Minute 21-40%
4 Very minute 1-20%
5 None Presence and accessibility
of support systems (e.g. community self help (bayanihan), family, NGOs, or service providers, agricultural support (shelter for livestock, rehabilitation support)
0 Without
1 With, very poor
2 With, poor
3 With, moderate
4 With, good
5 With, very good
Wealth level (percent of population who can afford to spend for adaptation cost)
0
1 Very low 1-20%
2 Low 21-40%
3 Moderate 41-60%
4 High 61-80%
5 Very high 81-100%
Versatility of skills for income generation (percent of population with versatile skills for income generation)
0
1 Very low 1-20%
2 Low 21-40%
3 Moderate 41-60%
4 High 61-80%
5 Very high 81-100%
Knowledge of technological adaptation (including indigenous practices)
0
1 Very low 1-20%
2 Low 21-40%
3 Moderate 41-60%
4 High 61-80%
5 Very high 81-100%
To compute for the vulnerability index of each community, the formula below
was used. The data derived from the table above were used to compute for the
vulnerability index, then later each community were ranked for its level of vulnerability.
Vulnerability Index (VI) = Adaptive Capacity Index (ACI) – Potential Impact Index (PII)
ACI = Total Adaptive Capacity Score (TACS) Total Maximum Adaptive Capacity Score (TMACS)
PII = Total Exposure Score (TES) + Total Sensitivity Score (TSS)
Total Max Exposure Score (TMES) + Total Max Sensitivity Score (TSS)
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 16
For the interpretation of vulnerability index, the index value below was suggested
to be used but this is still need to be subjected to further evaluation.
Index Value Qualitative Interpretation
0.80 - 1.00 Very highly resilient
0.50 - 0.70 Highly resilient
0.20 - 0.40 Moderately resilient
-0.10 - 0.10 Vulnerable
-0.40 - -0.20 Moderately Vulnerable
-0.70 - -0.50 Highly vulnerable
-1.00 - -0.80 Very Highly vulnerable
To facilitate the VIA workshop/exercise of the participants, each group was
provided with a copy of templates below to serve as their guide for output presentations.
Timeline and historical mapping of climatic events and observed impacts/damage
Climate Related Hazards
(e.g. drought, typhoon, flooding, landslide, or El
Nino and La nina)
Year of Occurrence Affected
Group/Sector Observed
Impacts/Damage
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 ……
Observed
climatic
events
Affected
sector
Extent of
damage
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 17
Provided is a sample cropping calendar with the existing climatic pattern and a
projected climate change scenario in the next 10 to 50 years. Each group are
requested to make their own cropping calendar similar to the figure below for them to
identify which commodity would be vulnerable to climate change.
Jan Feb Mar April May June Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
As for vulnerability rating, the table below served as their guide. Basically, however, the
step by step guide only need to be converted into a table to fill-up then used it as
template for evaluation.
Variable Indicators Rating
Brgy 1 Brgy 2 Brgy 3 Physical capacity Number of available family labor
Cognitive ability and linguistic capacity
Literacy rate
Resource availability Access to transportation
Communication system
Presence, effectiveness and efficiency of a communication system
Degree of isolation Location and access
Availability of support systems
Presence of support systems (e.g. neighbors, community self help, family, NGOs, or service providers, agricultural support (shelter for livestock, rehabilitation support)
Economic capacity Diversity of income sources (to include on-farm sources of income) Cost of adaptation
l. Technological ability
Knowledge of technological adaptation
Potato, tomato, cabbage
Tomato, Potato Beans, Tomato, Snap beans
Beans, Carrots
Cabbage
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 18
m. Availability of support systems
Presence of support systems (e.g. neighbors, community self help, family, NGOs, or service providers, agricultural support (shelter for livestock, rehabilitation support)
n. Economic capacity
Income level
o. Technological ability
Knowledge of technological adaptation
Summary table for scoring and ranking of vulnerability
Barangay 1 Barangay 2 Barangay 3
Total exposure score
Total Maximum exposure score
Total sensitivity score
Total Maximum sensitivity score
Potential Impact Index
Total Maximum adaptive capacity score
Vulnerability index
Interpretation
Below are the sample outputs during the workshop. Each group able to
identify which crop would be exposed to the brunt of climate related hazards, where are
these located and who are the sectors or group that would be affected the most. Using
the timeline and spot mapping, the groups able to identify which area need to be
prioritize for adaptation measures.
In this activity, however, participants need to be provided with location
specific and downscaled projected climate change scenario. This will help participants
appreciate more the activity, doing exercises not for exercise sake but something they
can take home and utilize.
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 19
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 20
Commodity
Affected
Group of People
affected
Where are they
located
Adaptation Strategies
Rice Rice Farmers Amganad • IEC on climate
change
• Planting date
rescheduling
• Reforestation
• Planting drought
resistance variety
• Mechanization of
land preparation
• Establishment of
weather station
• Alternative livelihood
Sample output for scoring and deriving vulnerability index of community.
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 21
Sample output for deriving vulnerability map of community
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 22
III PRE- AND POST- TRAINING EVALUATION
a) Level Awareness of participants on Climate Change Impacts and Vulnerability
Assessment
A pre- and post- evaluation on the level of knowledge of participants on climate
change, vulnerability and impact assessment and adaptation using the same survey
questionnaire (Appendix Questionnaire) was conducted to assess their level of
knowledge on climate change. This was done based from the assumption that training
on vulnerability and impact assessment will make sense only if they are aware of
climate change and feel the needs for adaptation strategies to cope up with the
impacts. Otherwise, this training activity would be simply academic exercise. The
evaluation also aimed to assess whether the participants’ level of knowledge will
increase after the activity.
Pre- and post- training evaluations are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below. Results
show that participants from Benguet has higher average level of knowledge or
awareness and level of interest on climate change with averages ranging from 2.38 to
4.29 (1 being the lowest and 5 as highest) as compared with participants from Ifugao
wherein average level of awareness range from 1.54 to 2.92. Most of the participants
from Benguet noted that this was not the first time that they attended training related to
climate change hence, the high level of awareness. In the case of Ifugao, majority of the
participants claimed that this is the first time they attended training related on CC
(details of results are shown Appendix Evaluation Sheet 1). As a result, after the
training, participants from Ifugao show higher average improvement with an average
rating ranging from 0.80 to 1.66 as compared with Benguet wherein average change in
the level of awareness is an increase of about 0.27 to 0.89.
It is hoped that this result could serve as an indication that participants were able
to learn from this training and two objectives in conducting this training were met.
Table 1. Summary of pre and post survey results on level of awareness on CC for participants from Benguet.
Question Average Pre training evaluation
Average Post training evaluation
Difference (Improvement)
1 How do you rate your awareness of basic climate change concepts? 3.40 3.85 0.45 2 How do you rate your awareness of climate change indicators? 3.28 3.63 0.35 3 How do you rate your awareness of your contributions to climate
change? 3.17 3.74 0.57 4 How much do you know about Climate Change Impacts? 3.24 3.81 0.57 5 How much do you know about Climate Change impacts in local
community in your Area? 3.29 3.89 0.60 6 How much do you know about Climate Change impacts in Agriculture
in your Area? 3.43 3.70 0.27
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 23
7 How do you rate your understanding of climate change vulnerability? 2.92 3.52 0.60 8 How do you rate your awareness/skills of using vulnerability
assessment tools? 2.63 3.37 0.75 9 How do you rate your awareness/skills of using Impacts assessment
tools? 2.44 3.27 0.83 10 Rate your familiarity with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC). 2.38 3.26 0.88 11 Rate your awareness of the film An Inconvenient Truth. 2.52 3.12 0.60 12 What is your level of personal interest in climate change? 4.29 4.04 -0.25 13 What is your level of awareness about local initiatives on climate
change? 2.74 3.63 0.89
Table 2. Summary of pre and post survey results on level of awareness on CC for participants from Ifugao.
Question Average Pre training evaluation
Average Post training evaluation
Difference (Improvement)
1 How do you rate your awareness of basic climate change concepts? 2.23 3.82 1.59
2 How do you rate your awareness of climate change indicators? 2.23 3.64 1.41
3 How do you rate your awareness of your contributions to climate change? 2.58 3.80 1.22
4 How much do you know about Climate Change Impacts? 2.85 4.00 1.15
5 How much do you know about Climate Change impacts in local community in your Area? 2.85 4.18 1.34
6 How much do you know about Climate Change impacts in Agriculture in your Area? 2.92 4.27 1.35
7 How do you rate your understanding of climate change vulnerability? 2.15 3.82 1.66
8 How do you rate your awareness/skills of using vulnerability assessment tools? 1.69 3.36 1.67
9 How do you rate your awareness/skills of using Impacts assessment tools? 1.92 3.55 1.62
10 Rate your familiarity with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). 1.54 3.00 1.46
11 Rate your awareness of the film An Inconvenient Truth. 1.31 2.64 1.33
12 What is your level of personal interest in climate change? 3.00 3.80 0.80
13 What is your level of awareness about local initiatives on climate change? 2.38 3.45 1.07
b. Training Course Evaluation
At the end of the training, participants were requested to give their honest
evaluation of the training course: including the topics, speakers, venue, program,
food and accommodations using the attached evaluation sheet (Table 3).
Participants’ evaluation of the coordination, topics, resource person and
logistics was asked at the end of the training to assess the conduct of the training
and to determine if the training objectives were attained.
Table 3. Evaluation form used after the training
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 24
Please encircle the value that best expresses your assessment of the training-workshop
a. The objective(s) was/were stated very clearly. 1 2 3 4 5
b. The objectives(s) was/were fully achieved. 1 2 3 4 5
c. The topics are very relevant 1 2 3 4 5
d. The topics covered are useful in your sector/community. 1 2 3 4 5
e. The topics sufficiently added to my knowledge. 1 2 3 4 5
f. The training workshop addressed the expectations of the participants on:
i. Speakers 1 2 3 4 5
ii. Topics 1 2 3 4 5
iii. Co-Participants 1 2 3 4 5
iv. Venue, Food and Accommodation 1 2 3 4 5
v. Training staff 1 2 3 4 5
g. The training-workshop is very useful for the community/agency. 1 2 3 4 5
h. Do you feel the time allotted for each topic sufficient? □ Yes □No If your answer is no, how much time would you have allotted for each session? _____ i. Is the scope of the training course adequate? □ Yes □No
If your answer is no, what are the topics that should be added to the training-workshop?
j. Please indicate you overall assessment of the training workshop.
k. Other comments and suggestions.
Results of evaluation below show that the objective of the training was fully
achieved as well as met the participants’ expectations. From Benguet, evaluation results
are shown in Table 4 below. From the questions above it can be observed that
participants gave an overall high rating on the training conducted with average evaluation
ranging from 3.96-4.77 (1 strongly disagree and 5 as strongly agree that expectations are
met). In the case of Ifugao (Table 5), the rating is a little bit lower but still satisfactory with
most of the average rating show that they agree that the training objectives are met with
an average rating ranging from 3.89 to 4.45. For better picture of the overall evaluation of
the participants on the training, comments and suggestions from the participants are
enumerated below.
Stro
ngl
y d
isag
ree
No
t su
re
Agr
ee
Stro
ngl
y ag
ree
Dis
agre
e
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 25
Table 4. Summary of participants evaluation of the training conducted in Benguet.
Participant Questions
a b c d e f g h i
i. ii. iii. iv. v.
1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 5 N
2 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 N N
3 4 4 5 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 5 Y
4 4 4 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 N
5 5 4 5 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 Y Y
6 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 Y Y
7 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 5 5 5 Y Y
8 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Y
9 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 4 N Y
10 4 4 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 N Y
11 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Y Y
12 4 3 5 5 5 4 4 3 5 4 5 Y Y
13 4 4 5 5 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 N Y
14 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 4 5 5 Y Y
15 4 4 4 5 5 4 4 4 4 5 Y Y
16 4 4 5 5 5 4 4 4 3 5 5 Y N
17 5 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 5 N Y
18 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 Y
19 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 3 5 N N
20 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Y Y
21 4 4 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 Y Y
22 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Y Y
23 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Y Y
24 4 5 4 5 4 4 4 4 3 5 Y Y
25 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 5 5 Y Y
26 5 4 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 5 5 N N
27 4 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 Y Y
Ave. rating 4.15 3.96 4.48 4.48 4.44 4.35 4.33 4.08 4.19 4.33 4.77
Table 5. Summary of participants evaluation of the training conducted in Ifugao.
Participant Questions
a b c d e f g h i
i. ii. iii. iv. v.
1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Y Y
2 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 3 4 4 4 N Y
3 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 Y Y
4 5 5 4 5 4 4 3 5 5 Y Y
5 4 4 5 5 5 4 4 4 3 4 5 Y
6 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Y Y
7 4 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 5 Y Y
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 26
8 5 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Y
9 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Y Y
10 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 4 Y Y
11 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 Y N
Ave. rating 4.20 3.89 4.27 4.36 4.45 4.09 4.18 3.91 3.91 4.18 4.40
For question h, the participants who answered that allotted time for each topic was
insufficient, they suggested the following:
From Benguet
Time allotment should depend on the topic
2 days
2 to 3 days
In the presentation, it should have a time limit because other presentations are time
consuming
More time for vulnerability index per barangay, per hazard, so to identify the barangay
most vulnerable per hazard
3 days
Additional of 30 minutes
2.5 hours
Half-day each
From Ifugao
More time is needed for training like this and for some topics
For question i, participants suggested the following to be include in the training:
From Benguet
Hands-on on GIS
It needs further study/assessment to over-all assessment/scenarios based on bio-
physical, socio-economic surveys conducted
More on orientational; “tools” should be allocated on time
Statistics
GIS
Socio-economic impact assessment, tools and criteria
From Ifugao
Hands-on training on GIS
On question j. Overall assessment of the training workshop
From Benguet
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 27
Well-done, just lack of time
Time was not enough. Topics are very important
Time was not enough
Words used should be simplified
Very informative and engaging
The training workshop is OK
GREAT!
The training is useful especially in the agriculture sector
The training is useful for this endeavor (climate change related hazard and vulnerability
assessment tools
Very relevant
This is a good start to come-up with over-all recommendation to LGUs capacity to adapt
to climate change
OK – speakers did their best – but could have also presented data gathered.
Participants equally did their best
Very good
Great po. It will be a great use for the vulnerability assessment of our barangays,
formally or informally
OK
Helpful to CC project assessment
Not as a trainor’s training since most of the participants are still familiarizing themselves
with basic concepts of CC
Very relevant topics
Excellent
Informative and useful
From Ifugao
Topics were useful guide for future CC activities
Target pax not met when wherein needed data from other pax were not completed
Good
Training was appropriate and timely to address future climate changes
All of us participants learned a lot about climate change and the topics are very
appropriate and important to us, especially to the farmers.
The training workshop is so much useful to the community
More trainings are needed
Very good
k. Other comments and suggestions
From Benguet
Handouts (for topics to be discussed) should be given before the lecture/discussion
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 28
More participants representing other offices
If possible, provide us hand-outs before the discussion for us to follow/understand
clearly the topics
Should be longer but on a staggered basis so that the speaker will explain the very
important topics slowly for better understanding
Provide individual participant with handouts of the lecture
The speaker should provide a handout of their topics
Should provide handouts
We needed more training, evaluation
If this is a trainors training, the participants should come from the municipal level and
should include the municipal engineer and the social welfare
Include political leaders since they approve funds for this matter
Please invite us on upcoming related training on CCA
It’s good to include other agencies and representative from the office of the provincial
agriculturist because we work hand in hand in this endeavor
The involvements of key stakeholders in trainings like this (DENR, MSWD, engineering,
politics, leaders, etc.)
Thanks and please consider sustainability of project i.e. vulnerable areas identified by
community vis-à-vis pre-determined sites
Provide at least some working books
Hands-on training/computer on GIS program
Eventually this will help or strengthen the LGUs in risk reduction
The politician be given IEC through the directories if the DILG will finance projects
Include other possible tools on vulnerability assessment
It seems this lack coordination. Barangays should be well-represented
This training should have been conducted before the implementation of the SPICACC
(Outcome 3.1)
Include us in the coming trainings
From Ifugao
Topics should be discussed with examples from local situations
Strengthen coordination with targets LGUs with regards to the schedule
Each topic should be conducted by different speakers
It should be conducted per municipality so that our municipal and barangay officials and
other concerned officers could join, especially those from far flung barangays.
ATI to handle the food not the IFSU
Some food that they served were not nutritious
For the facilities, there should be a functional comfort room inside or near the training
hall.
Improvement on the training venue
Increase in number of participants
More trainings like this
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 29
Appendices
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 30
Appendix Table 1. Training Programme for Benguet
Training of Trainors on Vulnerability and Impact Assessment Tools
December 6-8, 2010
Benguet State University
La Trinidad, Benguet
DATE/TIME TOPIC RESOURCE PERSON
Day 1 – Understanding Climate Change Science, Climate Change Scenario, Impacts Of Climate Change, Vulnerability And Impact Assessment Framework
8:00 – 9:00
OPENING PROGRAM Registration Opening Ceremonies
National Anthem Invocation Welcome/Opening remarks
Introduction of participants Training overview, expected outputs and evaluation methods
Secretariat Ms. Eunice Mendoza BSU President or Representative from BSU Ms. Eunice Mendoza Dr. J.O. Coladilla
9:00-10:00 Climate Change Science Dr. J.O. Coladilla
10:00-10:30 COFFEE BREAK AND PHOTO OPP
10:30-11:00 11:00-12:00
Climate Change Vulnerability Basic Concepts Philippine Climate Change Scenarios and its Impacts to Agriculture
Dr. J.O. Coladilla Dr. J.O. Coladilla
12:00 - 1:00 LUNCH BREAK
1:00 - 2:00 Climate Change Impacts in Cordillera Region Dr. J.O.Coladilla
2:00 – 3:00 FGD, KII and Formal Field Survey Outputs on CC Impacts in Benguet
Dr. Marissa Parao
3:00 – 3:15 COFFEE BREAK
3:15 – 5:00 Vulnerability and Impact Assessment Framework Dr. J.O. Coladilla
Day 2 – Vulnerability and Impact Assessment Methods/Tools
8:00-9:00 Proposed Community-Based Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptive Capacity Assessment Tool for the Agriculture Sector of Benguet
Dr. J.N.M. Garcia
9:00-10:00 FGD, KII and FFS as tools for socio-economic characterization and vulnerability assessment to climate change impacts
Prof. Ruth S. Batani
10:00 – 10:15 COFFEE BREAK
11:00 – 12:00 Updated Socio-economic and Bio-physical Characteristics of Benguet
Dr. M. R. Parao
12:00 – 1:00 LUNCH BREAK
1:00 - 3:00 GIS Mapping as a Tool for Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment to Impacts of Climate Change
Dr. J.N. Garcia
3:00 -3:15 COFFEE BREAK
3:15 – 5:00 Exercises on timeline, historical, spot mapping and other approaches
Participants Dr. J.O. Coladilla and Ms. Eunice Mendoza (workshop facilitator)
Day 3 - Conduct of Vulnerability and Impact Assessment
8:00-12:00 Guided Vulnerability and Impact Assessment Exercise and Output Presentation
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 31
Appendix Table 2. Training Programme for Ifugao
Training of Trainors on Vulnerability and Impact Assessment Tools
November 10-12, 2010
Ifugao State University (IfSU)
Nayon, Lamut, Ifugao
DATE/TIME TOPIC RESOURCE PERSON
Day 1 – Understanding Climate Change Science, Climate Change Scenario, Impacts Of Climate Change, Vulnerability And Impact Assessment Framework
8:00 – 9:00
OPENING PROGRAM Registration Opening Ceremonies
National Anthem Invocation Welcome/Opening remarks
Introduction of participants Training overview, expected outputs and evaluation methods
Secretariat Mr. Romnick Baliton IfSU President or Representative from IfSU Mr. Romnick Baliton Dr. J.O. Coladilla
9:00-10:00 Climate Change Science Dr. J.O. Coladilla
10:00-10:30 COFFEE BREAK AND PHOTO OPP
10:30-11:00 11:00-12:00
Climate Change Vulnerability Basic Concepts Philippine Climate Change Scenarios and its Impacts to Agriculture
Dr. J.O. Coladilla Dr. J.O. Coladilla
12:00 - 1:00 LUNCH BREAK
1:00 - 2:00 Climate Change Impacts in Cordillera Region Dr. J.O.Coladilla
2:00 – 3:00 FGD, KII and Formal Field Survey Outputs on CC Impacts in Ifugao Dr. A. Wagan
3:00 – 3:15 COFFEE BREAK
3:15 – 5:00 Vulnerability and Impact Assessment Framework Dr. J.O. Coladilla
Day 2 – Vulnerability and Impact Assessment Methods/Tools
8:00-9:00 Proposed Community-Based Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptive Capacity Assessment Tool for the Agriculture Sector of Ifugao
Dr. J.N.M. Garcia
9:00-10:00 FGD, KII and FFS as tools for socio-economic characterization and vulnerability assessment to climate change impacts
IfSU SPICACC/ Mr. Romnick
Baliton
10:00 – 10:15 COFFEE BREAK
11:00 – 12:00 Updated Socio-economic and Bio-physical Characteristics of Ifugao IfSU-SPICACC
12:00 – 1:00 LUNCH BREAK
1:00 - 3:00 GIS Mapping as a Tool for Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment to Impacts of Climate Change
Mr. Dante Vergara
3:00 -3:15 COFFEE BREAK
3:15 – 5:00 Exercises on timeline, historical, spot mapping and other approaches
Participants Dr. J.O. Coladilla and Mr. Romnick Baliton (workshop facilitator)
Day 3 - Conduct of Vulnerability and Impact Assessment
8:00-12:00 Guided Vulnerability and Impact Assessment Exercise and Output Presentation
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 32
Appendix Table 3 - List of Participants from Benguet
1
RAMON A. ANACIOCO Municipal Agricultural Officer Municipal Agricultural Office Sablan
11
MANUEL M. KEW-AN Agricultural Technician Municipal Agricultural Officer Sablan
2
DOMELSON F. BALANGEN RA-GIS Lab Volunteer BSU [email protected]
12
BELEN N. SACLA RIC President LANAS-RIC Loo Buguias
3
EUGENIO S. CALES Farmer Kayabang MPC 0930-5966556
13
CAMELO A. LICLIKED Farmer Leader Buguias
4
NICASIO S. BAUCAS RPCMT Member DA-RFU-CAR [email protected]
14
JERRENELIA N. SACLA RIC-Buguias
5
BERIONG K. AMCAY Brgy. Kagawad Paoay, Atok
15
VICTORIA M. ANTONIO RIC-Buguias Contact #: 0919-7682292
6
LORENZO C. ABUAN Farmer Municipal Agricultural Officer Sablan
16
LOLITA C. BEGANIO Agricultural Technologist OMAG-Atok
7
NICOMEDES L. CALIGING MPDC LGU Sablan, Benguet 0928-4712029 [email protected]
17
LEPAGO SALDY MAFC Paoay Atok 0920-8231064
8
FRANCISCO S. BINAYON MAO LGU-Tuba 0909-5224641
18
VALENTINO P. SMITH Brgy. Kagawad Paoay Atok
9
ELIZA Y. DOMINGUEZ PO II Contact #: 444-8255
19
FRED V. RUFINO MAO-Atok
10
IMELDA L. GEMINO Sr. Agriculturist RPCMT Member DA-RFU-CAR (076) 443-4621/445-232 [email protected]
20
TERTE A. VICENTE Brgy. Kagawad-Katubo Contact #: 0909-9253032
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 33
21
MARIA ISABEL B. ZABALA AO-RPCMT-CAR DA-RFU-CAR [email protected]
27
MATYLINE A. CAMFILI ISRD Staff Benguet State University Email: [email protected]
22
YOLANDA G. LINGBAWAN RPCMT Member DA RFU CAR 442-4399/443-4621 [email protected]
28
PEDRINA A. ELIAS PEO I LGU-Atok 0920-3455810
23
RUTH S. BATANI ISRD Benguet Stte University 422-1877 [email protected]
29
JOEL S. PACIO Farmer/Brgy. Kagawad Atok, Benguet
24
NOEL C. VILLA Agri II Asst. RPO-IPM DA-CAR 0917-5231811/300-5027 [email protected]
30
JONES T. NAPALDET Researcher ISRD [email protected]
25
RONY V. CARLOS Agricultural Technologist LGU-Sablan [email protected]
31
MARISSA PARAO SPICACC Study Leader CF, BSU (074)422 5305 [email protected]
26
HILARIA B. BADIVAL DA-CARFU [email protected]
32
LEON B. TANGUID Info System-GIS BSU [email protected]
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 34
Appendix Table 4 – List of Participants from Ifugao
1
Rufino M. Gumuwang Agricultural Technologist Mayoyao
9
Maria B. Galeon Retired Teacher/Farmer Kiangan
2
Ronald D. Chug-e Agricultural Technologist LGU, Mayoyao
10
Anastacia D. Bahatan Agricultural Technologist Banaue
3
Marivic Navan Agricultural Technologist LGU, Banaue
11
Benita D. Bahni Farmer Leader Kiangan
4
Aida Paganaje Agricultural Technologist LGU, Banaue
12
Adriana P. Buhong Agricultural Technologist LGU, Kiangan
5
Myrna Liwongan OIC-LGU Banaue
13
Yolanda T. Humiwat LWG (MA-Designate) Kiangan
6
Paulo Pinigat Agricultural Technologist MLGU, Kiangan
14
Mr. Jessie Cedro Farmer Leader LGU Banaue
7
Romeo Bulahao LWG/Barangay Official Kiangan
15
Mable Sawey Admin Aide SPICACC Project IFSU-Alfonso Lista
8
Henry B. Codamon LWG/ Barangay Captain Kiangan
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 35
Appendix Topic1: Introduction
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 36
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 37
Appendix Topic 2: Climate Change Science: Basic Meteorology and
Climatology Concepts
by
Dr. Jesusita O. Coladilla
Objectives At the end of this Chapter, participants should be able to: 1. Understand the basic science of climate change. 2. Assess their level of awareness with regards to the
issues related to climate change
Topical Outline I. Introduction II. What is Climate Change and its Causes? III. Definition of Terms IV. Observational Evidences V. Climate Change Impacts VI. Summary VII. Concluding Remarks and Take Home Messages
Approaches One PowerPoint Presentation, questions and answers, brief exercise
About the Topic
Dr. Jesusita O. Coladilla started her presentation with some pictures depicting the
aftermath of different environmental conditions. Starting off from these, she then defined terms
such as weather, climate, climate change, global warming, and greenhouse gases. Sources of
greenhouse gases were identified as well as the consequences of its concentration in the
atmosphere. After the lecture, she conducted a survey to assess the participants’ level of
awareness regarding with the issues related to climate change.
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 38
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 39
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 40
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 41
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 42
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 43
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 44
Appendix Topic 3: Climate Change Vulnerability Basic Concepts
by
Dr. Jesusita O. Coladilla
Objectives At the end of the chapter, the participants should be able to:
1. Articulate concepts of climate change vulnerability in the context of agriculture
2. Differentiate some methods and tools used for assessing vulnerabilities of local communities to climate change
3. Conduct a simple vulnerability assessment using a participatory method
Topical Outlines I. Introduction II. Concepts of Vulnerability III. Methods and Tools for Assessing the Community
Vulnerability to Climate Change IV. Some Examples of Conducting Community Vulnerability
Assessment V. Concluding Remarks and Take Home Messages
Approach One PowerPoint Presentation, questions and answers
About the Topic
Dr. Jesusita O. Coladilla defined key terminologies of climate change such as Impacts,
vulnerability, adaptation, mitigation, risk, hazards, shock, variability, trend, exposure, sensitivity,
adaptive, and capacity. Also, the basic concepts of climate change vulnerability in the context of
agriculture were described. The methods and tools used for assessing vulnerabilities of local
communities to climate change were also differentiated for further understanding. Examples of
how to conduct community vulnerability assessment were then identified. To finish the lecture,
Dr. Coladilla gave take home messages that were helpful for the participants.
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 45
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 46
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 47
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 48
Appendix Topic 4 Philippine Climate Change Scenarios and its
Impacts to Agriculture
by
Dr. Jesusita O. Coladilla
Objectives 1. To familiarize the participants with the basic concepts of Climate Change scenarios both in the international and national settings; and
2. To give the participants the implications of the Philippine climate change scenarios
Topical Outline I. Definition of Terms II. Observed Changes in the Philippine’s Climate
A. Increased in Temperature B. Observed Rainfall Trends C. Frequency and Intensity of Extreme Events D. Sea Level Rise
III. Projected Climate Changes in the Philippines
A. Projected Increase in Temperature B. Rainfall trends C. Frequency and Intensity of Extreme Events D. Sea Level Rise
IV. Implications to Agriculture V. Summary and Concluding Remarks
Approach One PowerPoint Presentation based on IPCC Assessment Report, One Case Study Presentation, questions and answers
About the Topic
Dr. Jesusita O. Coladilla introduced to the participants the different climate change
scenarios and their consequences such as changes in temperature (changes in land surface
temperature, changes in sea surface temperature), variation in rainfall, and ice melting and sea
level rise. Climate change scenarios in both international and national settings were shown to
familiarize the participants. The lecture focused more on the vulnerability of the Philippines to
the impacts of climate change. Different key impacts were identified. Then, the implications of
these impacts were discussed.
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 49
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 50
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 51
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 52
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 53
Appendix Topc 5: Impacts Of Climate Change In Benguet And Ifugao
by:
UPLBFI-SPICACC Project
Objective At the end of this chapter, the participants should be able to: 1. Determine the observed climate variability; 2. Identify the impacts of the observed climate variability; and 3. Determine the responses.
Topical Outline I. Introduction
II. Methods
Focused Group Discussion
Key Informant Interview
III. Observed Climate Variability
IV. Observed Impacts of Climate Variability
V. Responses to the Observed Impacts of Climate Change
VI. Summary and Key Messages
Approach PowerPoint Presentation
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 54
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 55
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 56
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 57
Appendix Topic 6: V&A Assessment Approaches, Framework, Tools
and Methods: An Overview
by:
Dr. Jesusita O. Coladilla
Objective At the end of this chapter, the participants should be able to: 1. Familiarize and understand the different methods, tools
and approaches in assessing the vulnerability of agriculture sector to climate change
2. Familiarize with some of the examples of Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment using the methods, tools and approaches presented
3. Conduct a simple exercise using the V&A Assessment methods, tools and approaches presented
Topical Outline I. Introduction II. Definition of Terms III. Watershed Approach for Assessing Vulnerability of
Agriculture to Climate Change
Approach PowerPoint presentation based on FGD and KII results.
About the Topic
An overview regarding the different vulnerability and adaptation assessment
approaches, framework, tools, and methods was discussed. Different terms were defined for the
participants to better understand the concepts. Examples were also given. A simple exercise
about V and A assessment was answered by the participants to evaluate their learning about
the matter.
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 58
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 59
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 60
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 61
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 62
Appendix Topic 8: BENGUET WOMEN AND CLIMATE CHANGE
by:
Dr. Ruth S. Batani
Objective By the end of this chapter, the participants should be able to determine the effects of climate change to women, particularly with livelihood, health, and workload.
Topical Outline I. Introduction II. Profile III. In Context with Climate Change IV. Care Economy V. Health and Well-being Risks VI. Conclusion
Approach PowerPoint presentation
About the topic:
Dr. Ruth S. Batani presented the results of the study they conducted regarding gender
characteristics and climate change. Here, the effects of climate change to women with respect
to livelihood, workload, and health.
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 63
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 64
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 65
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 66
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 67
Appendix Topic 8: Biophysical Characterization and Socio-Economic Characteristics of Benguet: In Relations to Vulnerability and Adaptation Capacity Assessment
commissioned to
Benguet State University
CLIMATE CHANGE PROGRAM
Objective At the end of this chapter, the participants should be able to: 1. Determine the biophysical characterization of Benguet Province; 2. Determine the socio-economic profiling of the respondents; and 3. Determine the coping and/or mitigating mechanisms employed by the communities to climate change.
Topical Outline I. Introduction II. Methodology III. Biophysical Characterization IV. Some Climate Change Indicators V. Climate Related Hazards VI. Agriculture
Approach PowerPoint Presentation
About the Topic:
Dr. Marissa Parao of BSU, discussed the results of the study conducted by SPICACC-
BSU group. The objectives, methodology, result, and recommendations were presented. The
bio-physical characteristics of the study areas with respect to hydrometeorology, land use,
slope, topography and past community hazards, and soil characterization were identified.
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 68
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 69
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 70
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 71
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 72
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 73
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 74
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 75
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 76
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 77
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 78
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 79
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 80
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 81
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 82
Appendix Topic 9: FGD, KII and Formal Field Survey Outputs on
Climate Change Impacts in Ifugao
by:
Mr. Romnick S. Baliton
Objectives This will cover the results of FGD, KII and FFS conducted in Ifugao on Vulnerability assessment tools but will focus on identified impacts of Climate Change in Ifugao in general. This will serve as venue for validation of output with the community
Topical Outline I. Introduction
II. Methodologies
A. Focus Group Discussion
B. Key Informant Interview
C. Formal Field Survey
III. Outputs of Impact Assessment in Ifugao
IV. Take Home Messages
Approach One PowerPoint presentation on the results of FGD and KII on climate change impacts assessment in Ifugao. Questions and answers
About the Topic
Mr. Romnick Baliton discussed and elaborated the different methodologies used in
assessing the impact of climate change. These methodologies are focus group discussion
(FGD), key informant interview (KII), and formal field survey (FFS). Also, the results of these
assessments were presented.
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 83
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 84
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 85
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 86
Appendix Topic 10: Vulnerability and Adaptive Capacity Assessment
Tool of the Agricultural Sectors to Climate Change
by:
Dr. Jose Nestor M. Garcia
Topical Outline:
Objective At the end of this lesson, the participants should be able to: 1. Define and understand vulnerability and adaptive
capacity; 2. Identify the steps in assessing vulnerability and
adaptive capacity assessment; and 3. Assess their municipality using the steps.
Topical Outline I. Introduction II. What is Climate Change III. Vulnerability to Climate Change IV. Adaptive Capacity V. Framework for Vulnerability and Adaptive Capacity Assessment VI. Procedure in Assessing Vulnerability and Adaptive Capacity Assessment
Approach PowerPoint Presentation, questions and answers, brief exercise
About the Topic:
Dr. Jose Nestor Garcia discussed vulnerability to climate change and adaptive capacity.
He discussed the framework in assessing the vulnerability and adaptive capacity of a given
area. The steps of the procedure were discussed. After the discussion, the participants were
given a group exercise.
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 87
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 88
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 89
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 90
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 91
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 92
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 93
Appendix Topic 11: GIS Mapping as a Tool for Vulnerability and
Adaptation Assessment of Agriculture
Presented by:
Dr. Jose Nestor Garcia
Objective At the end of this lesson, the participants should be able to: 1. Appreciate and understand the concepts and principles
of GIS as tool for vulnerability and adaptation assessment in agriculture.
2. Understand the use of Global Positioning System (GPS), Remote Sensing (RS) and systems modeling as GIS allied in mapping.
3. Understand the data requirements for assessing the vulnerability of agriculture sector
4. Perform a simple GIS overlay procedure to generate insights on vulnerable population and resources
Topical Outline I. Introduction to GIS as a technology and as a science II. GIS Allied Technologies
A. Global Positioning System B. Remote Sensing C. Cartographic and Dynamic Systems Modeling
III. GIS and its application to agriculture IV. Data, information and databases for vulnerability
assessment V. Conducting a GIS Mapping: Some Examples VI. Summary and Conclusion
Approach PowerPoint presentation, question and answer and group exercise
About the Topic
Dr. Nestor Garcia presented the materials prepared by Mr. Dante Vergara. He discussed
first the GIS as a technology and a science. He identified the different GIS allied technologies.
These are global positioning system, remote sensing, and cartographic and dynamic systems
modeling. Then he related GIS and its use to agriculture. Data and information gathered were
used in assessing the vulnerability of an area to climate change impacts.
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 94
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 95
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 96
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 97
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 98
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 99
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 100
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 101
Appendix Evaluation: Pre and Post assessment form for the level of awareness
of participants on CC.
Name: ________________________________ Email address/es: _______________________________ Age: _________ Gender: ______ Academic background : High School ____________________
BS ____________________________ Postgraduate (if any) : MS/Diploma_____________________
PhD ____________________________ Position/Duty station: _________________________________ Length of Service in position: ________ Field/Sector specialization: ___________________________________________________ Other relevant affiliations: ______________________________________________________________ GENERAL 1) How and when were you introduced to the issue of climate change? ________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
i. Pre-training evaluation Results of the Participants’ Level of Knowledge and
Awareness on Climate Change
Results of pre-training evaluation below shows that participants have high level of climate change awareness and they gained it from several form of information dissemination e.g training, leaflets, seminars and others. GENERAL
1. How and when were you introduced to the issue of climate change?
2008 training
During my post-graduate years, part of curriculum discussions
A representative from BENECO lectured on the effects of global warming
cuase by climate change in one of the sessions of the Liga ng mga
Barangays (2009)
During the league of local planning and development coordination of the
Philippines. During consultation of MDRR with other NGO
Information dissemination
Information dissemination to our barangay
Through the barangay and other association of farmers
In an Information Dissemination 2010
Through information campaigns and seminars
Through observations since 1960 up to the present
Seminars and workshops
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 102
I attended the seminar and workshop on climate change. I am one of the
respondent environmentalists from BSU (2010)
Forum, News
In 2009, when included in RPCMT
2010 SPICACC workshop, 2010 UP Baguio Training, and NGO
work/activities
I read in the issue of awake magazine regarding global warming 2 years
ago. And I attended several trainings/IEC on climate change conducted
by SPICACC this year and a seminar conducted by PAGASA
3 years ago, through readings and news
DRR/CCA with NEDA-CAR and SPICACC
2009, through mass media, for a, and seminars
The table below shows the consolidated rating of participants of their level of
awareness on the climate change before the training (with 5 being the highest and
1 the lowest). Results shows that the average level of awareness on climate
change and climate change issues is relatively high while their knowledge on
vulnerability and vulnerability assessment tools is relatively low though not very
low.
Participant Question
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
1 4 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 4 4
2 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 1 4 5 4
3 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 3 3
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 5 4
5 4 4 3 3 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 3
6 4 4 3 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 3 4 3
7 5 4 4 2 3 3 2 - 3 3 4 - -
8 3 3 - 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 2
9 4 4 4 3 4 3 3 3 2 3 2 4 2
10 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 3 2
11 4 3 3 4 4 4 3 2 2 3 3 4 4
12 3 3 3 4 3 2 3 3 3 4 3 4 3
13 4 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 4 5 4
14 4 4 3 3 4 4 4 2 2 2 3 5 3
15 2 2 2 2 1 - 1 1 1 1 1 5 2
16 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 3 3
17 3 3 3 4 3 4 2 1 1 1 5 5 2
18 3 3 3 4 3 4 2 1 1 1 5 5 2
19 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 5 1
20 5 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 -
21 3 3 3 3 - 4 3 3 3 3 1 4 2
22 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 1 4 2
23 4 3 2 4 3 - 4 4 3 2 2 5 3
24 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 1 1 1 1 5 2
25 2 4 4 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 5 3
2. Do you have any plan to address the currently observed problems related to
weather and climate? If yes, how?
Design research or vulnerability/hazard mapping
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 103
Yes, understanding better the concept of CWK and its application to climate
change vulnerability adaptation tools, formulation, disseminating messages,
implementation, policies, and laws formulation, basis, etc.
Yes, reforestation of denuded/idle forest lands and private lands. Implementation
of RA 9003 at municipal level down to barangay
Yes, by information, education, communication to our constituents on the CCT
Consult to government agencies
Through concerted community efforts and information dissemination
To transact all good measures regarding the climate change problems
Waste management, reforestation, organic farming
Advocate mainstreaming of programs/projects of DA to address climate change
Yes, by educating the 4H Club, farmer groups, and some other stakeholders on
the issue of climate change. The cause and effect, adaptation and mitigation
measures that the stakeholder could contribute for the climate change issue
Yes, DA-CAR is a co-implementer of SPICACC
My farm activities are being adapted vis-à-vis climate change. To be a partner
with all agencies, NGO, to address the problem
ii. Post-test Results of the Participants’ Level of Knowledge and Awareness on
Climate Change
GENERAL 1. How and when were you introduced to the issue of climate change?
Subject on undergrad 2nd year
Information dissemination to our barangay
During seminar about climate change
To conduct meeting
IEC conducted by BENECO during the meeting of the liga ng barangay in
2009
Seminar and information drive
I was introduced on the issue of climate change through readings of
magazine, moreover, during the series seminar conducted by SPICACC and
under the AGRI-PINOY program of DA.
Orientation seminars done by SPICACC and coordinated with SPICACC
SPICACC Training
Through seminars and others information related to climate change
During the introduction of SPICACC project
Seminar-workshop conducted in the province of Benguet and the DENR-
CAR, this CY 2010
2009- mass media, seminars
Involvement SPICACC
In 2006 – forums with NGO dev’t workers
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 104
The table below shows the consolidated rating of participants of their level of
awareness on the climate change after the training (with 5 being the highest and 1
the lowest). Results show that both the average level of awareness on climate
change, climate change issues and their knowledge on vulnerability and
vulnerability assessment tools has increased after the training.
Participant Question
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
1 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 4 4 3
2 3 3 4 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 4 3
3 5 5 4 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 5 4
4 5 4 5 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 5 5
5 5 4 5 4 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 5 5
6 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 2 2 5 4
7 3 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 3
8 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 4 3
9 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 4 4
10 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 3
11 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 2
12 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
13 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 1 4 4
14 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
15 4 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 3
16 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 4 4
17 4 4 4 5 5 5 4 4 3 4 4 3
18 5 4 5 5 5 4 5 4 5 5 4 4 4
19 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 3 3 4 3
20 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 3
21 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 4 3
22 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
23 4 3 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 3 4
24 4 3 3 4 3 3 2 1 1 3 3 4 3
25 4 3 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 4 3
26 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 5 5 4 5 5
27 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5
2. Do you have any plan to address the currently observed problems related to weather and
climate? If yes, how?
Yes, join in the initiative on climate change addressing activities and programs
yes, implementation of RA 9003 identification of vulnerable areas
inform/ awareness of the training sector regarding weather and climate
yes, in order to give knowledge to our constituents
implementation of RA 9003. identification of vulnerable areas and initiate adaptive measures
to have a dialogue with leaders about mitigating measures to be acted upon or to be done
yes, by continuing information education campaign to group of 4H club, farmers, and RIC. To promote organic agriculture in the locality
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 105
to enforce the awareness of vulnerable regarding climate related to hazards, typhoons, drought, etc.
yes, being a member of MPRDC will impact knowledge learned in this seminar
yes, planting of resistant varieties and other recommended strategies learned
yes, dissemination, mitigation, and adaptation practices
yes, personally I will strengthen my activities on organic agriculture and promote, participate in activities related to environment – our ailing environment
IEC
involvement in activites
through research and information education campaign work
back to natural farming/organic farming technology and policy implementation
use CWR in planning and management
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 106
Photo
Documentations
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 107
Photo-documentation for Ifugao
Lectures and Workshops
Presentations
Sample Outputs from Ifugao
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 108
Photo-documentation for Benguet
Registration and Lectures
Workshop and output presentation
Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao
Page 109
Workshop and output presentation