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Complexity, Design, Q-analysis,
Science, Life & Everythingin ten minutes
5
Jeffrey Johnson
Department of Design and Innovation
The Open University - UK
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Complexity
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Complexity – nobody knows what it is!
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Complexity – nobody knows what it is!
but everyone knows about
self-organising systems
evolutionary & cooperative processes
emergence
networks & distributed control
scaling effects
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Complexity – nobody knows what it is!
but everyone knows about
self-organising systems
evolutionary & cooperative processes
emergence
networks & distributed control
scaling effects
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Design
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Design – everybody knows what that is!
the act of working out the form of something (as by making a sketch or outline or plan);
www.cogsci.princeton.edu/cgi-bin/webwn2.1
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Design is everywhere – and that’s why looking for a definition may not help you to grasp what it is
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Why is CAD lousy for sketching & early stages of design?
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Why is CAD lousy for sketching & early stages of design?
computer representation not rich enough!
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Why is CAD lousy for sketching & early stages of design?
computer representation not rich enough!
geometry and arithmetic are great
… but design uses other constructs
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Why is CAD lousy for sketching & early stages of design?
computer representation not rich enough!
geometry and arithmetic are great
… but design uses other constructs
how to get these inside computer?
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Design is about relationships between things
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Design is about relationships between things
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Set of partsCUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Design is about relationships between things
a
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e
dc cd
b
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Set of partsCUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Design is about relationships between things
a
b
e
dc
dc
a
b
e
Set of parts Relations between themCUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Design is about relationships between things
a
b
e
dc
dc
a
b
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Set of parts Relations between themas a Graph
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Design is about relationships between things
… and emergence from assembling things
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Graphs are not rich enough
3 binary relations ≠ one 3-ary relation
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
From Links to Multidimensional Polyhedra
University of Lancaster - Seminar 21st April 2004Binary relation 3-ary relation 4-ary relation
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
From Links to Multidimensional Polyhedra
1-simplex 2-simplex 3-simplex 4-simplex
2-vertices 3-vertices 4-vertices 5-vertices
The generality is n-ary relations – not just links
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
From Links to Multidimensional Polyhedra
a
b
e
dc
dc
a
b
e
Set of parts Relations between them asa Graph
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
From Links to Multidimensional Polyhedra
a
b
e
dc dc
dc
a
b
e
Set of parts Relations between them asa Graph Simplicial Complex
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
From Links to Multidimensional Polyhedra
a
b
e
dc dc
dc
a
b
e
Set of parts Relations between them asa Graph Simplicial Complex
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Polyhedral Connectivity
0- near polyhedra
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Polyhedral Connectivity
1- near polyhedra
0- near polyhedra
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Polyhedral Connectivity
1- near polyhedra
0- near polyhedra
2- near polyhedra
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Polyhedral Connectivity
1- near polyhedra
0- near polyhedra
2- near polyhedra
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Polyhedral Connectivity
1- near polyhedra
0- near polyhedra
2- near polyhedra
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Polyhedral Connectivity
1- near polyhedra
0- near polyhedra
2- near polyhedra
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Polyhedral Connectivity
1- near polyhedra
0- near polyhedra
2- near polyhedra
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Polyhedral Connectivity
1- near polyhedra
0- near polyhedra
2- near polyhedra
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Polyhedral Connectivity
1- near polyhedra
0- near polyhedra
2- near polyhedra
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Polyhedral Connectivity
1- near polyhedra
0- near polyhedra
2- near polyhedra
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Polyhedral Connectivity
Polyhedra can be q-connected
through shared q-faces
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Polyhedral Connectivity
Polyhedra can be q-connected
through shared q-faces
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Polyhedra can be q-connected
through shared q-faces
e.g. 1-connected components
Polyhedral Connectivity
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Polyhedra can be q-connected
through shared faces
1-connected components
Q-analysis: listing q-components
Polyhedral Connectivity
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Polyhedral Connectivity
The Bull The Dog The Ship The Royal Oak
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Polyhedral Connectivity & q-transmission
My dog’s got
No nose
How does he smell ?
The Bull The Dog The Ship The Royal Oak
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Polyhedral Connectivity & q-transmission
My dog’s got
No nose
How does he smell ?
The Bull The Dog The Ship The Royal Oak
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Polyhedral Connectivity & q-transmission
My dog’s got
No nose
How does he smell ?
The Bull The Dog The Ship The Royal Oak
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Polyhedral Connectivity & q-transmission
My dog’s got
No nose
How does he smell ?
The Bull The Dog The Ship The Royal Oak
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Polyhedral Connectivity & q-transmission
My dog’s got
No nose
How does he smell ?
The Bull The Dog The Ship The Royal Oak
The joke is 1-transmitted through the backcloth
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Polyhedral Connectivity & q-transmission
The Bull The Dog The Ship The Royal Oak
The joke is 1-transmitted through the backcloth
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Polyhedral Connectivity & q-transmission
The Bull The Dog The Ship The Royal Oak
Can design connected structures for transmission
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Relations and Incidence Matrices
International Workshop on Exploring Complexity in Collaborative Design and Solutions Brunel University 23-24 June 2005
Relations and Incidence Matrices
International Workshop on Exploring Complexity in Collaborative Design and Solutions Brunel University 23-24 June 2005
Relations and Incidence Matrices
International Workshop on Exploring Complexity in Collaborative Design and Solutions Brunel University 23-24 June 2005
Relations and Incidence Matrices
International Workshop on Exploring Complexity in Collaborative Design and Solutions Brunel University 23-24 June 2005
Relations and Incidence Matrices
Transmission of jobs between zones
International Workshop on Exploring Complexity in Collaborative Design and Solutions Brunel University 23-24 June 2005
Relations and Incidence Matrices
Transmission of jobs between zones
International Workshop on Exploring Complexity in Collaborative Design and Solutions Brunel University 23-24 June 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
N-ary relations and emergence
Blocks assembled to make an arch
University of Lancaster - Seminar 21st April 2004CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Design assembles wholes from parts
University of Lancaster - Seminar 21st April 2004
Arch Level N+1
assemble
block-1 block-2 block-3
nameR
assembly relation
name
Level N
creating a multi-level hierarchy
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Design assembles wholes from parts
Hierarchical Cones
Level N+1
Level N
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
The intermediate word problem“The System”
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
The intermediate word problem
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
The intermediate word problem
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Design as the process of building an ontology
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Traffic on the hierarchical backcloth
Computers in Urban Planning and Urban Management UCL 29-June – 1 July 2005
Unpacking functions to structure
System dynamics as traffic on a fixed multilevel backcloth
System time and System Events
Computers in Urban Planning and Urban Management UCL 29-June – 1 July 2005
System time and System Events
Computers in Urban Planning and Urban Management UCL 29-June – 1 July 2005
System time and System Events
Planning involves changing relations
Computers in Urban Planning and Urban Management UCL 29-June – 1 July 2005
System time and System Events
Planning involves changing relations
… as well as trying to manage the traffic
Computers in Urban Planning and Urban Management UCL 29-June – 1 July 2005
Relational dynamics working up a design
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Designers as scientists
If a designer creates a completely new system, they are the sole possessors of knowledge about that system.
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Designers as scientists
If a designer creates a completely new system, they are the sole possessors of knowledge about that system.
The design process involves building a language and a science of the synthetic system.
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Designers as scientists
If a designer creates a completely new system, they are the sole possessors of knowledge about that system.
The design process involves building a language and a science of the synthetic system.
Involves hypotheses, deduction, prediction, experiments, testing hypothesis.
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Conclusions
Everything is multi-dimensional
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Conclusions
Everything is multi-dimensional
Need multi-dimensional Q-analysis - not just graphs
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Conclusions
Everything is multi-dimensional
Need multi-dimensional Q-analysis - not just graphs
Design involves building multi-level languages
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Conclusions
Everything is multi-dimensional
Need multi-dimensional Q-analysis - not just graphs
Design involves building multi-level languages
Complexity - the science of artificial systems
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Conclusions
Everything is multi-dimensional
Need multi-dimensional Q-analysis - not just graphs
Design involves building multi-level languages
Complexity - the science of artificial systems
Designers - heroes of the complexity revolution
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005
Complexity, Design, Q-analysis, Science, Life & Everything in Ten Minutes
Conclusions
Everything is multi-dimensional
Need multi-dimensional Q-analysis - not just graphs
Design involves building multi-level languages
Complexity - the science of artificial systems
Designers - heroes of the complexity revolution
That’s Life …
CUPUM – AHRB/EPSRC – ECiD Design out of Complexity UCL 2nd July 2005