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Dr. Kanes Rajah © COPYRIGHT 2009
COMPLEX CREATIVITY & OPPORTUNITY FINDING
Special workshop based on seminal ideas linking chaos theory and complexity science
to creativity, opportunity finding and innovation
Educators and Asterisms:
The new pathway for educating future
leaders.
by Professor Kanes Rajah
DirectorBusiness School
Tshwane University of TechnologyPretoria
Dr. Kanes Rajah © COPYRIGHT 2009
Dr. Kanes Rajah © COPYRIGHT 2009
Overview
Seeing and Understanding
How we see Change
Doing and Being
Being Change
Dr. Kanes Rajah © COPYRIGHT 2009
Changes in thinking
CONGRUENCE
CONVERGENCE/DIVERGENCE
Time
Kn
ow
ledg
e
PLATO’S IDEAL WORLDFormalist, conceptual/idealist.
Truth/false are absolutesFocus on yes or no.
(in digital language: on/off)
MECHANISTIC WORLDDeterministic/classical world
Determined by rules and laws.Focus on processes.
(in digital language: on)
QUANTUM WORLDDetermined by
non-linear events, chaos and complexity.Focus on knowledge
(in digital language: on and off)
Llewellyn Lewis, 2007
1970s
FUTURE
PAST
Dr. Kanes Rajah © COPYRIGHT 2009
Rigidity, stability and chaos
RIGIDITY STABILITY CHAOSRIGIDITY STABILITY CHAOS
Plato’s Ideal WorldMechanistic WorldQuantum World
CHAORDIC ORGANISATIONS
Real Opportunities for Adaption-Innovation
Innovators
Seek to dothings
differently
Adaptors
Seek to dothingsbetter
32 16096
CREATIVITY
45Adaptive creativity
145Innovative creativity
Dr. Kanes Rajah © COPYRIGHT 2009
The world has become more complex since the 1960s
Catastrophe
Chaos
Complexity
Dr. Kanes Rajah © COPYRIGHT 2009
Catastrophe theory (1/3)
Originated by the French mathematician Rene Thom in the 1960s
Studies and classifies phenomena characterized by sudden shifts in behavior arising from small changes in circumstances
Dr. Kanes Rajah © COPYRIGHT 2009
Catastrophe theory (2/3)
Catastrophes are movements between different fixed point attractors
Due to their restricted nature, catastrophes can be classified based on how many control parameters are being simultaneously varied E.g. if there are two controls, then one finds the most
common type, called a "cusp" catastrophe. If, however, there are more than five controls, there is no classification
Dr. Kanes Rajah © COPYRIGHT 2009
Catastrophe theory (3/3)
It has been applied to a number of different phenomenon stability of ships at sea and their capsizi
ng bridge collapse, with some less convincing success, the
fight-or-flight behavior of animals and prison riots
Dr. Kanes Rajah © COPYRIGHT 2009
Chaos and Complexity Theory (1/2) pace of change has accelerated way beyond the
comfort zone of most people rules that guided decisions in the past, are no
longer reliable elements of change that are driving these
momentous shifts are based on the fundamental dimensions of the universe itself, namely time, space and mass
Stan Davis (Lessons from the future: Making sense of a blurred world: 2001)
Dr. Kanes Rajah © COPYRIGHT 2009
Connectivity, speed and intangibles – the derivatives of time,
space and mass – are blurring the rules and redefining our
businesses and our lives.
What we see is a melt-down of all traditional boundaries
everyone and everything on-line the death of distance, a shrinking of space intangible value of all kinds like service and information is
growing explosively, reducing the importance of tangible mass
Chaos and Complexity Theory (2/2)
Dr. Kanes Rajah © COPYRIGHT 2009
Linear and Non-Linear Opportunitiesfrom COMPLEX CREATIVITYLinear environment: forecasting, predicting and
extrapolating normally matches with outcomes. Adaptor type (left brain type) creativity can produce very
profitable outcomes.
Non linear environment: Linear thinking alone may not be adequate. In addition, sense making becomes important
Innovator (right brain type)behaviour becomes very relevant to facilitate more holistic, ‘out-of-the-box’ thinking where disparate pieces of information can be pieced together to create new meaning (and perceptions of new opportunity).
Dr. Kanes Rajah © COPYRIGHT 2009
Linear and Non-Linear Opportunitiesfrom COMPLEX CREATIVITY
Linear Non-Linear
1970s
Dr. Kanes Rajah © COPYRIGHT 2009
Linear and Non-Linear Opportunities from COMPLEX REATIVITY
Mainly incremental change Not much change in industry dynamics. Occasionally important step changes are
detected.e.g. wheel horse and cart car
Dr. Kanes Rajah © COPYRIGHT 2009
Linear and Non-Linear Opportunitiesfrom COMPLEX CREATIVITY
Linear Non-Linear
Dr. Kanes Rajah © COPYRIGHT 2009
Linear and Non-Linear Opportunitiesfrom COMPLEX CREATIVITY
Linear Non-LinearIdeas for innovation come from connecting disparate innovations from related and non related sectors
Recorded sound technology (Records, discs)NanotechnologyLifestyle (Several segments)Earphones
Dr. Kanes Rajah © COPYRIGHT 2009
Linear and Non-Linear Opportunitiesfrom COMPLEX CREATIVITY
Linear Non-LinearConnecting two, three, four or five different aspects.
Homogeneous = Sticking with the same e.g. technology only,
e.g. Dyson
Heterogeneous = Using a mix, say, technology, life-style, miniaturisation
e.g. Walkman
Dr. Kanes Rajah © COPYRIGHT 2009
Linear and Non-Linear Opportunities from COMPLEX REATIVITY
Incremental and radical change Dynamic change on-going Several innovations are evident
concurrently, many are high value as seen in IT, Electronics, Telecommunication, Biotechnology, Automation and Robotics etc
Dr. Kanes Rajah © COPYRIGHT 2009
Linear and Non-Linear Opportunitiesfrom COMPLEX CREATIVITY
Linear Non-Linear
Dr. Kanes Rajah © COPYRIGHT 2009
Types of Opportunities from Complex CreativityX------X
Dr. Kanes Rajah © COPYRIGHT 2009
TRIAD
Dr. Kanes Rajah © COPYRIGHT 2009
QUAD
Dr. Kanes Rajah © COPYRIGHT 2009
PENTA
Dr. Kanes Rajah © COPYRIGHT 2009
CIRCLE “Clusters” that create fieldsPositive field or Negative field
FIREWORKS BOMB
PeopleCommon purposeEuphoria or AngerEtc.
Dr. Kanes Rajah © COPYRIGHT 2009
Thank you
Kanes Rajah PhD