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Complexity leadership Theory ATTD6200 Leadership Development By: John R. Turner

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Complexity Leadership Theory

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Complexity  leadership  Theory  •  ATTD-­‐6200  Leadership  Development  

•  By:  John  R.  Turner  

Complexity  Leadership  Theory  IntroducCon  Complexity  Theory  (CT)  Complexity  Leadership  Theory  (CLT)  CLT  CharacterisCcs  

 CorrelaCon    AggregaCon    AutocatalyCc  Mechanism    Nonlinear  Emergence  

Advantages  &  Disadvantages  Conclusion  

IntroducCon  

•  In  an  IBM  research  of  more  than  1,500  CEO’s  Howard  Tollit  idenCfied  as  on  of  the  significant  findings:  

•  “Complexity  has  overtaken  change  as  the  main  challenge  facing  CEOs  across  the  globe  –  and  more  than  half  of  UK  &  Irish  CEOs  doubt  their  ability  to  manage  it  (the  porporCon’s  even  higher  worldwide)”  (management  today,  2010).  

IntroducCon  

•  Manville  and  Ober  (2003)  idenCfied  that  “We’re  in  a  knowledge  economy,  but  our  managerial  and  governance  systems  are  stuck  in  the  Industrial  Era.    It’s  Cme  for  a  whole  new  model”  (as  cited  in  Uhl-­‐Bien,  Marion,  &  McKelvy,  2007,  p.  298).  

Complexity  Theory  

•  CLT  is  derived  from  CT  •  CT  “concerns  the  descripCon  and  predicCon  of  systems  that  exhibit  complex  changing  behavior  at  the  macroscopic  level,  emerging  from  the  collecCve  acCons  of  many  interacCng  components”  (Mitchell,  2009,  p.  15).  – The  Brain;  interacCng  neurons  – The  WWW;  Network  of  individual  players    

Complexity  Theory  

•  “Complexity  theorists  are  interested  in  understanding  how  the  interacCons  of  people  in  organizaCons  lead  to  the  creaCon  of  paberns  of  behavior,  which  in  turn  shape  organizaConal  strategies,  power  structures,  and  networks  of  relaConships”  (Ardichvili  &  Manderscheid,  2008,  p.  624).  

Complexity  Leadership  Theory  

•  CLT  funcCons  to  create  “condiCons  that  enable  the  interacCons  through  which  the  behaviors  and  direcCon  of  organizaConal  systems  emerge.    Leaders  provide  control  by  influencing  organizaConal  behavior  through  managing  networks  and  interacCons”  (Marion  &  Uhl-­‐Bien,  2001,  p.  406).  

CharacterisCcs  of  CLT  

•  CorrelaCon  •  AggregaCon  •  AutocatalyCc  InteracCon  •  Nonlinear  Emergence  

CorrelaCon  

•  Shared  interest  among  agents  (people)  •  Common  beliefs  •  Similar  world-­‐views  •  Type  of  bonding  process  between  agents  •  Fosters  integraCon  among  agents  •  Forms  aggregates  (networks)  

AggregaCon  

•  Changes  among  agents  •  Changes  are  ogen  caused  by  interacCons  and  correlaCon  between  agents  and  networks  of  agents  

•  CT  sees  small  changes,  at  the  micro-­‐level,  leading  to  large  changes,  at  the  macro-­‐level  

•  Self-­‐organizing  

AutocatalyCc  InteracCon  

•  The  state  where  different  units  (agents  or  departments)  interact  

•  InteracCon  cannot  be  predetermined  by  leadership  

•  InteracCon  must  be  enabled  by  leaders  •  Has  a  moderaCng  effect  •  Self-­‐generaCng  system  

Nonlinear  Emergence  

•  Nonlinear  (inter-­‐  &  intra-­‐department,  internal  and  external  of  organizaCon)  

•  Sudden  and  unpredictable  change  –  InnovaCon  – New  technologies  – Break  into  new  markets  

•  Structures  evolve  and  reorganize  – Similar  to  a  network  system  

•  Bobom-­‐up  directed  

Advantages  /  Disadvantages  

•  Advantages  –    Self-­‐organizing  –    less  managerial  funcCons  

•  Disadvantages  –   OrganizaConal  Culture  Change  •     leaders  have  to  release  control  •     follower  have  more  responsibiliCes  

–   HR  Challenge  –   PotenCal  for  Chaos  

Conclusion  

•  Through  Complex  Leadership  Theory  Leaders  Should:  –  Create  condiCons  for  innovaCon  as  opposed  to  creaCng  the  innovaCon  

– Drop  seeds  of  innovaCon  rather  than  mandaCng  innovaCon  plans  

–  Create  opportuniCes  to  interact  rather  than  creaCng  isolated  and  controlled  work  cubicles  

–  Tend  to  networks  –  Catalyze  more  than  they  control  (Marion  &  Uhl-­‐Bien,  2001).  

References  Ardichvili,  A.  &  Manderscheid  (2008).    Emerging  pracCces  in  leadership  

development:  An  introducCon.    Advances  in  Developing  Human  Resources,  10(5),  619-­‐631.  

Management  Today  (2010,  June  07).    MT  leadership  visions:  Capitalising  on  complexity.    Retrieved  from  hbp://www.managemenboday.co.UK/news/1008266/mt-­‐leadership-­‐visions-­‐capitalising-­‐complexity/  

Marion,  R.  &  Uhl-­‐Bien,  M.  (2001).    Leadership  in  complex  organizaCons.    The  Leadership  Quarterly,  12,  389-­‐418.    Retrieved  from  hbp://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescripCon.cws_home/620221/descripCon#descripCon  

Mitchell,  M.  (2009).    Complexity:  A  guided  tour.    New  York,  NY:  Oxford  University  Press.  

Uhl-­‐Biewn,  M.,  Marion,  R.,  &  McKelvey,  B.  (2007).    Complexity  leadership  theory:  Shiging  leadership  from  the  industrial  age  to  the  knowledge  era.    The  Leadership  Quarterly,  18,  298-­‐318.  doi:  10.1016/j.leaqua.2007.04.002