Complete MBA 3 Years Syllabus (Including Electives)

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Karachi University Business School University of Karachi 1

MBA – I Course Title Course Number

Credit Hours

BUSINESS COMMUNICATION–I BA (M) – 501 3

COURSE CONTENTS 1. Effective Communication in Business: Importance & Benefits, Components, Non Verbal

Communication, Writing Session and Assignment 2. Principle of Effective Communication, 7C’s of Communication, Group Discussion on

Assignment 3. Business Communication in Global Context 4. Business Communication in Technological Context, Writing Session & Assignment 5. The Process of Preparing Effective Business Messages, Planning, Organization,

Composing the Messages 6. The Appearance and Design of Business Messages 7. Good–News and Neutral Messages: Favorable Replies, Answering Inquiries, Granting

Request, Acknowledging Orders, Announcement 8. Bad News Messages, The Right Attitude, Plans for Bad News Messages, Negative Replies 9. Persuasive Written Messages: Organization, Persuasive Requests and Sales Letters 10. Short Report: Suggestion, Informational and Analytical Memorandum Report, Letter

Reports, Writing Session Assignment 11. Long (Formal) Report: Prefatory and Supplemental Sections, Presentation 12. Proposal: Purpose, Kind, Parts of Proposals Importance and Benefits of Communication in Business, Components of Communication (Context, Message, Medium, Feedback, Sender, Encoder, Receiver–Decoder). Seven Cs of effective Communication, Business Communication and the Global Context, Business Communication and Technology Context, Process of Preparing Effective Business Messages, Letters, Memorandums, Report Writing. RECOMMENDED BOOKS 1. Asrar H. Siddiqui, Business Communication, Royal, Karachi, 1998. 2. John V. Thill and Courtland L. Bovee, Business Communication, 5th Edition,

McGraw–Hill, 1997. 3. David Nickson and Suzy Siddons, Business Communication, Pitman Publisher, 1996. 4. Raymong V. Lesikar, Basic Business Communication, 3rd Edition, Richard D. Irwin,

1982. 5. Hetra A. Murphy, Herbert W. Hildebrandt and James Thomas, Effective Business

Communication, McGraw–Hill, International Edition.

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Credit Hours

BUSINESS ECONOMICS BA (M) – 511 3

COURSE CONTENTS 1. Fundamental Concepts

1.1. Three Economic Issues 1.2. The Production Possibility Frontier 1.3. Concept of Opportunity Cost 1.4. The Problem of Scarcity 1.5. Positive and Normative Economics 1.6. Micro and Macro Economics 1.7. Comparative Statics and Dynamics 1.8. The Role of the Market

2. Economics and Economy

2.1. The Nature and Scope of Economics 2.2. Importance of the Study of Economics 2.3. Different Economic Systems, Merits and Demerits 2.4. Capitalist Economic System 2.5. Socialist Economic System 2.6. Mixed Economic System

3. Demand and Supply

3.1. Individual Demand and Market Demand 3.2. Change in Demand and Change in Quantity Demand 3.3. Individual Supply and Market Supply 3.4. Change to Supply and Change in Quantity Supplied 3.5. Elasticity of Demand and Supply 3.6. Measurement of Elasticity 3.7. Types of Elasticity and the Importance of Elasticity to the Individual 3.8. Equilibrium of Demand and Supply and Price Determination

4. Theory of Consumer Behaviour

4.1. Total and Marginal Utility 4.2. Consumer Equilibrium 4.3. Indifference Curve Analysis, Its Characteristics 4.4. Budget Constraint Line 4.5. The ISO Cost 4.6. Producer Equilibrium 4.7. Expansion Path 4.8. Constant, Increasing and Decreasing Returns to Scale 4.9. Long – Run Cost Curves

5. Theory of Firm and Market Organization

5.1. Theory of Price in Perfectly Competitive Markets 5.2. Theory of Price Under Monopoly 5.3. Comparison of Perfect Competition and Monopoly 5.4. Theory of Price Under Monopolistic Competition 5.5. Theory of Price in Oligopoly Market

6. Distribution of Income

6.1. Marginal Productivity Theory of Distribution in Perfectly Competitively Market 6.2. Marginal Productivity Theory of Input Return 6.3. Different Kinds on Rent

Fundamental Concepts, Economics and Economy. Theory of Consumer Behavior, Demand & Supply, Different types of Market condition, Theory of Production Factor Market, Pricing, and Cost, Theory of Firm and Market Organization, Distribution of Income.

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RECOMMENDED BOOKS 1. Paul A. Samuelson, William D. Nordhaus, Economics, 16th Edition, McGraw–Hill, 1998. 2. John Solman & Mark Sutchiffe, Economics for Business, Prentice Hall, 1998. 3. Ronald Wonnacott, Paul Wonnacott, Economics, John Willey, 1990.

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Credit Hours

FUNDAMENTAL OF ACCOUNTING BA (M) – 521 3

COURSE CONTENTS 1. Introduction to Accounting Profession and Generally Accepted Accounting

Principles 1.1. Definition and purpose of book–keeping and accounting, the role of International

Accounting Standards Committee, the standard setting process in Pakistan, basic principles of accounting, concepts and conventions underlying accounting statements, the impact of international accounting standards on financial, the accounting equation, users of accounting statement and their information requirements, for role and place of an accountant in the management. (Preface to the statements of IAS).

2. Accounting Procedures and Systems

2.1. Double–entry book–keeping and accounting, forms and contents of accounting records (manual and computerized), books of original entry, journal, sales and purchases journals; returns journals, cash receipt & payment journals, cash book, general ledger, trial balance, classification of expenditure between capital and revenue, accruals and deferrals, prepayments and adjustments; correction of errors, preparation of worksheet.

3. Financial Statements

3.1. Manufacturing and non–manufacturing concerns, income statement, balance sheet.

4. Cash Control

4.1. Cash management, internal control, control of receipts and payments, petty cash system, bank reconciliation statement and adjusting entries, voucher system, voucher register, insurance register.

5. Receivables and Payables

5.1. Nature of receivables and payables, accounts receivable and notes receivable, promissory notes, valuation of receivables, basis for estimating chares for bad debts, bad debts adjustment based on sales, bad debts adjustment based on receivables, notes and accounts payable, valuation of payable, accrued liabilities, bills of exchange, accommodating bills.

6. Inventory Accounting

6.1. Nature and classes of inventories, inventory valuation, LIFO, FIFO & HIFO methods, weighted average method, inventory valuation at cost or NRV whichever is lower, gross profit method, retail inventory method, base stock method, perpetual inventory & periodic inventory system.

Accounting: Information for Decision Making, Basic Financial Statement, The Accounting Cycle: Capturing Economic Events, Preparing an Annual Report, Accounting for Merchandising Activities, Forms of Business Organization, Financial Assets. RECOMMENDED BOOKS 1. Robert F. Meigs, Meigs, Williams, Susan F. Haka, Mark S. Bettner, Accounting: The

Basis of Business Decision, 11th Edition, McGraw–Hill, Inc., 1999. 2. Larson, Kermit D., Pyle William W., Fundamental Accounting Principles, Richard D.

Irwin Latest Edition.

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Credit Hours

BUSINESS MATHEMATICS BA (M) – 531 3

COURSE CONTENTS 1. Preliminaries

2. Linear Equations & Its Applications

3. Mathematical Functions in General, Types of Functions, Graphical representation of

Functions

4. Linear Functions & Its Application

5. Quadratic & Polynomial Functions, Application of Quadratic Functions

6. Logarithmic & Exponential Functions & Their Application

7. Matrix Algebra, Matrix Operations & Determinant

8. Integral Calculus: An Introduction

9. Differentiation, Rules of Differentiation, Limits & Properties of Limits, Higher Order

Derivatives

Some Preliminaries, Linear Equations, and its applications, Mathematical Functions in general

form and its graphical representation, Linear functions and its application. Quadratic Functions,

Polynomial Functions, Logarithmic and Exponential Functions with their applications, Matrix

Algebra and Determinants, and Integral Calculus (Differentiation).

RECOMMENDED BOOKS 1. Frank. S. Budnick, Applied Mathematics for Business Economics & The Social

Sciences, McGraw–Hill, 1993. 2. Taro Yamane, Mathematics for Economists, Prentice Hall, 1998.

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MBA – II Course Title Course Number

Credit Hours

INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS & MANAGEMENT BA (M) – 541 3

COURSE CONTENTS 1. Establishing a Business

2. Operating, Financial, Operational and Management Aspects

3. Human Resources and Personnel Management

4. Reducing Risk Through Insurance

5. Marketing of Goods & Services Available

6. The Changing Management Environment

7. Organizational Goal Setting and Planning

8. Strategy Formulation and Implementation

9. Managerial Decision Making

10. Fundamentals of Organizing, Human Resource Management, Managing Diverse

Employees

11. Leadership in Organizations

12. Motivation in Organization

13. Teamwork in Organizations Management Working Systems

14. Operation and Service Management

Establishing a Business, Operating, Financial, Operational and Management Aspects, Human Resources and Personnel Management, Reducing Risk through Insurance, Marketing of Goods & Services Available. The Intellectual Heritage of Management, Approaches to Management, Effective Decision Making, The Planning Process, Strategic Planning and Action, Organizing for Action, Organizing Individuals: Personnel and staffing, Human Resources, Copying and Change, Group Dynamics, Communications, Motivation, Leadership, Managing Production and Operations, The Challenging Environment of Managers, The Changing Environment of Management, Case Study, Report Presentation. RECOMMENDED BOOKS 1. Harold Koontz, Robert M. Fulmer, A Practical Introduction to Business, 3rd Edition,

Richard D. Irwin Inc. 2. Cundiff, Edward W, Fundamental of Modern Marketing, Richard R. Still, and

Norman A. P. Govoni, Latest Edition. 3. Robert M. Fulmer, The New Management, Macmillan Publishing Co., 1987. 4. Heinz Weihrich and Harold Koontz, Management – A Global Perspective,

10th Edition, McGraw–Hill, International Edition. 5. Khurshid H. Siddiqui, Introduction to Business, Ghazanfar Academy, Karachi, Edition

1998–99. 6. Richard L. Daft, Management, 4th Edition, The Dryden Press.

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Credit Hours

ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR BA (M) – 561 3

COURSE CONTENTS 1. Role of the Manager

1.1. The Managers Must Like and Understand People in One Organization 1.2. The Better Manager Manage their Human Resource Application of Innovative

Techniques is Essential 1.3. This is where the Application of OB becomes too Important to Manager Today 1.4. Technologically Organizations have Tremendously 1.5. The Manager’s Responsibility is to Achieve Excellence in Human Side of an

Organization 2. A Systems View of Organizational Behavior

2.1. Study of Organizational Theory 2.2. Modern Organization Design and system 2.3. The Organizational Culture Context 2.4. What is Organizational Behavior? 2.5. Cognitive Framework, Behavioristic Framework and Social Learning Framework

3. Organizational Structure and Authority

3.1. The Interdependence of Organizational Units 3.2. The Concept of Authority in an Organization 3.3. Effect of Authority on Human Behavior 3.4. Concept of Centralization Decimalization of Authority and Human Behavior 3.5. Conflict and its Resolution

4. Attitudes and Job Satisfaction

4.1. The Nature and Dimensions of Attitudes 4.2. Changing Attitudes 4.3. The Importance of Employee Attitudes and Job Satisfaction 4.4. Sources and Consequences of Job Satisfaction

5. Aptitudes and Perception

5.1. The Nature and Importance of Perception 5.2. Perception Selectivity 5.3. Perceptual Organization 5.4. Social Perception

6. Communication

6.1. Background and Role of Communication 6.2. Non–Verbal Communication 6.3. Interpersonal Communication 6.4. Downward and Upward Communication 6.5. Interactive Communication

7. Motivation, Need and Processes

7.1. The Meaning of Motivation 7.2. Primary Motives 7.3. General Motives 7.4. Secondary Motives 7.5. Work Motivation Approach

8. Learning Concept and Principles

8.1. Types and Theories of Learning 8.2. Reinforcement: The Key to Learning 8.3. Techniques of Administering Reinforcement 8.4. The Effect of Punishment

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9. The Group and its Dynamics 9.1. The Nature of Groups 9.2. The Dynamics of Information Group 9.3. The Dysfunction of Groups and Teams

10. Organizational Conflicts

10.1. Individual Conflict 10.2. Interactive Conflict 10.3. Copping Strategies for Conflict

11. Stress

11.1. The Emergence of Stress 11.2. The Causes of Stress 11.3. The Effects of Stress 11.4. Coping Strategies for Stress

12. Leadership Processes and Styles

12.1. What is Leadership? 12.2. Traditional Theories of Leadership 12.3. Leadership Styles 12.4. The Role and Activities of an Effective Manager / Leader

13. Decision Making and Control

13.1. Behavioral Decision Making 13.2. The Decision Making Process 13.3. Participative Decision Making Techniques 13.4. Creativity and Group Decision Making

Introduction Role of the Manager, A systems view of Organizational Behavior, Article Session/Guest Speaker, Technology at Work, Organizational Structure and Authority, Technology Structure and Job Satisfaction, Article Session/Guest Speaker, Personality – Aptitudes and Pre–dispositions, Perception and Communication, Motivation: Needs and Processes, Article Session /Guest Speaker, Learning Concepts and Principles, The Group and Its Dynamics, Organizational Conflict, Article Session/Guest Speaker, Job Stress/Stress and The Individual, Managing Changes, Quality of Work Life, Article Session/Guest Speaker, Working with Unions, Leadership Processes and Styles, Decisions Making & Control, Manager as a Leader. RECOMMENDED BOOKS 1. Herbert, Dimension of Organizational Behavior, 2nd Edition, Macmillan 1976. 2. Buchanan David, Huczynski Andrzij, Organizational Behavior, 3rd Edition, Prentice

Hall, 1991. 3. Paul Herrey, Kenneth H. Blanchard, Management of Organizational Behavior:

Utilising Human Resources, 7th Edition, Dewey E Johnson, 1998. 4. Fred Luthans, Organizational Behavior, McGraw–Hill, International Editions.

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Credit Hours

BUSINESS COMMUNICATION–II BA (M) – 502 3

COURSE CONTENTS 1. Listening, Interviewing and Conducting Meetings (Chapter # 19, Bovee &

Thill) 1.1. Communicating Orally, Speaking and Listening 1.2. Problem with Speaking 1.3. Steps of Listening 1.4. Handling Different Interpersonal Situation 1.5. Conducting and Planning Interviews 1.6. Questions and Structures 1.7. Participating in Small Groups and Meetings 1.8. Group Dynamics 1.9. Arranging the Meeting

2. Giving Speeches and Oral Presentation (Chapter # 20, Bovee & Thill)

2.1. Steps in Preparing for Speeches and Presentations 2.2. Purpose Audience Analysis 2.3. Main Idea 2.4. Making an Outline 2.5. Developing Speech Presentation: Introduction, Body, Restating the main points

and close 2.6. Visual Aids: Design Font Size etc. Selection of Medium, Handout, OHP,

Multimedia Charts etc 2.7. The Art of Delivery 2.8. Handling Questions

3. Job Application Process (Chapter # 18, Murphy)

3.1. Self and Market Assessment 3.2. Resume Preparation 3.3. Cover Letter

4. Job Application Process (Chapter # 19, Murphy)

4.1. Preparation for Job Interviews and Follow Up 4.2. Issues in Negotiating the Job Offer

5. Strategies for Improving Listening Skills (Chapter # 14, Murphy) 6. Strategies for Reducing Stage Frights (Chapter # 14, Murphy) 7. Informative and Persuasive speaking (Chapter # 15, Murphy)

7.1. Purpose 7.2. Kinds 7.3. Audience Analysis and Organization for Persuasive Speaking 7.4. Forms of Support for Persuasive Speaking

The student should choose a public limited company as Topic for the presentation in the final exam. The list of students with respective topics should be submitted to Department of Business Administration, University of Karachi, 15 Days prior to the examination along with the report prepared by the student. Teaches the student to communicate orally with others in an effective manner in a business environment. Topics covered in this course are: Interviewing, Public Speaking, Inter–Personal Communication etc. Practical experience of preparing and delivering speeches before large groups. There will be presentations in this class as a preparation for practical life in business and Industry.

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RECOMMENDED BOOKS 1. Dooher, M. Josheph ed., Effective Communication on the Job, American

Management Association Inc., Latest Edition. 2. Ross, H. John., Technique of Systems and Procedures, 1st Edition, Office Research

Institute, 1948. 3. Hetra A. Murphy, Herbert W. Hildebrandt and James Thomas, Effective Business

Communication, McGraw–Hill, International Edition 4. Courtland L. Bovee and Johan Thill, Effective Business Communication, Prentice

Hall. Distribution of Marks for Affiliated Colleges Final Presentation 30 Marks Theory Exam 30 Marks (on above topics)

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Credit Hours

COMPUTER APPLICATION TO BUSINESS BA (M) – 512 3

COURSE OBJECTIVE This emergence of Computer–based Information Economics and wide–spread usage of computers in record–keeping, classification, compilation and consolidation of organizational data have recast the role of Computer in Business & Management. In other words Computer–based Business Systems (CBBSs) have become essential for creating competitive firms, managing global corporations, providing useful products and services to customers through a better management of information resources. This course is designed to provide a basis to students in using organizational Computer–based Business Systems (CBBSs) as required by Management. COURSE CONTENTS 1. Why Business Students need to learn Computers Application to Business?

(Pre–requisite for the subject) 1.1. Organization & Organizational Units 1.2. Commerce 1.3. IT & Business Environment

2. Organization & Organizational Units

2.1. Functions of Computers in Organizations 3. Benefits of Computers in Organizations (Overall) 4. Computers for Operational Activities in Organizations 5. Computers for Tactical Activities in Organizations 6. Office Automation Tool & Software

6.1. Word Processor e.g. MS–Word for Business Report Writing 7. Presentation Tool e.g. MS–Power Point for Report Presentation 8. Cyberspace (Internet, Intranet, Extranet, e–Mail Software)

8.1. Lab Exercise 9. Computer for Transaction Processing in Organization

9.1. Electronic Spread Sheet e.g. MS–Excel as a Powerful Transaction Recording Tool 9.2. Lab Exercises

10. Computers for Accounts Management in Organizations (Accounts Payable)

10.1. Accounts Receivable, Chart of Accounts Maintenance, General Journal Entries, General Ledger Report

10.2. Exercise on Peachtree Accounting Software & MS–Excel 11. Computer for Inventory Maintenance, Control & Forecast

11.1. Exercise on Peachtree Accounting Software & MS–Excel 12. Computer for Invoicing

12.1. Exercise on Peachtree Accounting Software & MS–Excel 13. Computer for client Profile Management

13.1. Exercise on Peachtree Accounting Software & MS–Excel 14. Computers for Order Filing & Tracking

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15. Computers for Vendor Profile Management 15.1. Exercise on Peachtree Accounting Software & MS–Excel

16. Computers for Sales & Distribution 17. Computer for Personnel Management (HR Management) & Payrolls

17.1. Exercise on Peachtree Accounting Software & MS–Excel 18. E–Commerce

18.1. Its Origin 18.2. Associated Terminologies

19. e–Commerce Application Models

19.1. B2C e–Commerce 19.2. B2B e–Commerce

20. C2C e–Commerce

20.1. B2E e–Commerce 20.2. G2S e–Commerce

21. EFTS → Electronic Fund Transfer System 22. EDI → Electronic Data Interchange 23. EM → Electronic Market Introduction to Computers, Computer for a Business Computer System, File Design, Pay Rolls and Personnel Management System, Accounts Payables, Check Writing and Check Reconciliation, Invoicing, Accounts Receivables, Order Filling, Inventory Control and Fore–Cast, Labor Distribution and Costing, General Ledger, Sales Analysis, MIS, Review. RECOMMENDED BOOKS 1. Alen I. Eliason, Kent D. Kitts., Business Computer Systems and Application,

Chicago, Science Research Association, Latest Edition, 1979. 2. James A. Senn, Information Technology in Business, Prentice Hall, Latest Edition. 3. Turban Lee, King Chung, Electronic Commerce: A Managerial Perspective,

Prentice Hall. Latest Edition. 4. Diwan, Sharma, Electronic Commerce: A Manager’s Guide to Business, Vanity

Books, Latest Edition. 5. Floyd Fuller, Electronic Commerce, The Dryden Press, Latest Edition.

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MBA – III Course Title Course Number

Credit Hours

FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING BA (M) – 522 3

COURSE CONTENTS 1. The Nature and Functions of Accounting

1.1. The Record–Keeping Function 1.2. Classifying and Summarizing Transactions 1.3. Accounting and Decision Making

2. Accounting and the Forms of Business Enterprises

2.1. Sole Proprietorships 2.2. Partnerships 2.3. Corporations

3. Financial Statements – The Outputs of the System

3.1. Learning Objective 3.2. Objectives of Financial Reporting 3.3. Qualitative Characteristics of Financial Information 3.4. The Uses and Limitations of Classified Balance Sheets 3.5. The Uses and Limitations of Classified Income Statements 3.6. The Retained Earnings Statement or Statements of Changes in Stockholders’

Equity 3.7. The Statement of Changes in Financial Position 3.8. Other Elements of an Annual Report of a Publicly Held Company

4. Cash Flow Statement 5. Interpreting financial statement data

5.1. Learning Objectives 5.2. The Purposes of Financial Statement Analysis 5.3. Sources of Financial Information 5.4. The Techniques of Financial Analysis 5.5. Common Financial Ratios 5.6. Limitations of Financial Statement Analysis

6. Accounting for Cash and Receivables

6.1. Learning Objectives 6.2. Management Control Over Cash 6.3. Accounting for Receivables

7. Current Liabilities and Concepts Related to the Time Value of Money

7.1. Learning Objectives 7.2. Definition and Recognition of Liabilities 7.3. Types of Current Liabilities 7.4. Interest and the Time Value of Money

8. Property, Plant and Equipment Natural Resources and Intangible Assets

8.1. Learning Objectives 8.2. Non–Current, Non–Monetary Assets 8.3. Capital versus Revenue Expenditure Measuring and Recording the Acquisition

Cost of Property, Plant and Equipment. 8.4. The Accounting Concept of Depreciation 8.5. Methods of Computing Periodic Depreciation 8.6. Accounting for Subsequent Expenditures 8.7. Disposal of Property, Plant, or Equipment 8.8. Natural Resources 8.9. Intangible Assets

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9. Accounting for Long Term Liabilities and Investments in Bonds 9.1. Learning Objectives 9.2. Bonds 9.3. Accounting for Bonds by Borrowers 9.4. Accounting for Bonds by the Investor 9.5. Other Forms of Long Term Debt

10. Corporate Organization and Capital Stock Transactions

10.1. Learning Objectives 10.2. Characteristics of a Corporation 10.3. The Formation and Organization of a Corporation 10.4. Types of Capital Stock 10.5. The Components of Stockholders’ Equity 10.6. Accounting for the Issuance of Stock 10.7. Use of Stock Information

11. Stockholders Equity Retained Earnings and Dividends

11.1. Learning Objectives 11.2. Corporate Income Statements 11.3. Earnings per Share 11.4. Dividends 11.5. Stock Splits Prior Period Adjustments, Appropriations, and Treasury Stock 11.6. Retirement of Capital Stock 11.7. Statement of Stockholder’s Equity 11.8. Summary of Learning Objectives

Inventories and the Cost of Goods Sold, Plant and Depreciation, Liabilities, Stock holders Equity, Paid–In Capital, Income and Charges in Retained Earnings, Statement of Cash Flows, Financial Statement Analysis. RECOMMENDED BOOKS 1. MWE, Glautier, B. Under Down, Accounting Practice, 4th Edition, Pitman Publisher,

1994. 2. Flamholtz, Eric G., Diamond A., Flamholtz Diana Troik, Financial Accounting

Macmillan Publishing Company, 1986. 3. Smith, Jay. M., Kousen, Fred K., Intermediate Accounting, 7th Edition, South–

Western Publishing Company. 4. Welseh, Glenn A. Charles, T., Zlatkevich, C.T. Harison Walter T., Intermediate

Accounting, 5th Edition, Richard D. Irwin. 5. Flamholts Eric., Diamond A. Michael & Flamholts Diana Troik, Financial Accounting,

McMillan Publishing Company, Latest Edition. 6. Smith Jayu. M. & Kousen, Fred K., Intermediate Accounting, 7th Edition, South–

Western Publishing Company. 7. Welseh, Glenn A. Charies, T. & Zaltakevich, C. T. Harrison Walter T., Richard D. Irwin,

Ero Intermediate Accounting, 5th Edition. 8. Moshich & Lanson, Intermediate Accounting, 9. Kieso Weygandyt, Intermediate Accounting, 7th Edition. 10. Meigs and and Meigs, Bettner, Accounting The Basis for Business, 10th Edition,

Robert F. Meigs, Mary Whittington, A. Meigs, Mark Bettner, McGraw–Hill, Ray Withington Cos. Inc. 1996, International Edition.

11. Gautier, B. Under Down. Accounting Practice, 4th Edition, Pitman Publisher, 1994. 12. Z. Eric G. Diamond A., Flamholtz Diana Troik, Financial Accounting, Macmillan

Company, 1986. 13. M. Kousen, Fred K., Intermediate Accounting, 7th Edition, South–Western,

Publishing. 14. Glenn A. Charles, T., Zlatkevich, C. T. Harison Walter T., Intermediate Accounting,

5th Edition, Irwin.

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Credit Hours

BUSINESS STATISTICS BA (M) – 532 3

OBJECTIVE AND CONTENTS Definition of the word Statistics in singular sense as well as in plural sense. Kind of data and

methods of its collection. Primary and Secondary data. Grouping of data – graphic and

diagrammatic representation. Central tendency of data and its measures, their merit and

demerit Quantiles. Dispersion and its measure, absolute and relative both. Symmetry and

skewness – measure of skewness. Permutation and Combination. Sets operation. Introduction

to probability theory. Basic concepts of mutually exclusive and not mutually exclusive events.

Dependent and independent events. Addition and multiplication laws of Probability. Concept of

variables and random variable. Mathematical expectation of a random variable. Finding mean,

variance, standard deviation and coefficient of variation of probability distribution. Discrete

probability distribution such as binomial Hyper geometric and Poisson distribution and their

properties. Application of these distribution in solving business problems. Concept of regression

and correlation when x and y are linearly related variables and their measures. Scatter diagram

and fitting curves to the observed data by principle of least squares. Index number and its

types. Weighted index number and its measures. Consumer price index number and its

applications.

The Topics will include deriving stable relationship for Mass Data, Methods of Data collection,

Frequency Distribution, Measuring Central Tendency and Dispersion, Averages and Weightages,

Averages, Regression and Correlation, Index Numbers, Introduction to Probability Theory: Sets

and Sets Operation Permutation and Combination, Basic Probability Concepts States of

Statistical Independence and Dependence. Discrete Probability Distributions: Binomial

Distribution, Poisson Distribution etc.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS 1. Frank & Althoen, Statistics, Cambridge University Press, 1997. 2. Stir Zaker, Elementary Probability, Cambridge University Press, 1996. 3. Leonard J. Kazmier, Theory and Problems of Business Statistics, Schaum Outline

Series, 1992. 4. Ronald E. Walpole, Introduction to Statistics, 3rd Edition, Collier Macmillan, 1982. 5. Schaums Outline Series 1992.

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Credit Hours

INTRODUCTION TO MARKETING BA (M) – 542 3

COURSE CONTENTS 1. Concept of Marketing and Marketing Management

1.1. What is Marketing? 1.1.1. Needs, Wants, Demands, Products, Market

1.2. Exchange Function in Marketing 1.3. Marketing Management

1.3.1. Production Concept 1.3.2. Product Concept 1.3.3. The Selling Concept 1.3.4. The Marketing Concept

2. Marketing Planning

2.1. Strategic Planning and the Marketing Process 2.2. Organizational Environment–Objectives and Mission, Growth Strategy 2.3. Benefits of Marketing, Planning & Control 2.4. Marketing Information and Concept 2.5. Marketing Research Process

3. Analyzing Marketing Mix

3.1. Elements of Marketing Mix or Four P’s of Marketing Mix 3.1.1. Product, Price, Place, Promotion

3.2. Seven P’s or Elements of Service Mix 3.2.1. Product, Price, Place, Promotion, People, Physical Evidence & Process

3.3. Importance and Interdependence of Marketing Mix 4. Market Segmentation

4.1. Concept, Importance and Meaning of Segmenting Markets 4.2. Segmenting Consumer Markets 4.3. Segmenting Organizational Markets 4.4. Bases for Market Segmentation

4.4.1. Geographic, Demographic, Geodemographic, Psychographic and Behavioral

5. Target Marketing

5.1. Undifferentiated Marketing 5.2. Differentiated Marketing 5.3. Concentrated Marketing 5.4. Choosing Among Selection Strategies 5.5. Product Positioning

6. Marketing Research

6.1. Marketing Research Definition and Importance 6.2. Marketing Research Procedure 6.3. Marketing Research Objectives and Systems 6.4. Marketing Research Designs and Methods

7. Communication

7.1. Definition of Communication 7.2. Theory of Communication Sender, Message Receiver 7.3. Elements of Promotional Mix Advertising, Personal Selling, Sales Promotion

and Publication

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7.4. Communication Planning Model 7.4.1. Target Market Organizational V’s Consumer Market, Push and Pull

Strategy, Buyer Readiness of the Target Market, Responses to Communications

7.4.2. The Product Organizational and Consumer Product, The Product Life Cycle Stage

7.4.3. The Environment Social Cultural Competitors, Legal and Regulatory Changes

8. Advertising and Other Promotional Strategies

8.1. Advertising Its Definition and Role in the Promotional Mix 8.2. Types of Advertising Product and Institutional 8.3. Formulation of Advertising Message 8.4. Advertising Media 8.5. Personal Selling 8.6. Sales Promotion 8.7. Public Relations

9. International Marketing

9.1. Meaning of International Marketing 9.2. The Rationale of International Marketing 9.3. Understanding International Market 9.4. Selection of the Market 9.5. Market Entry Methods

The Concept of Marketing and Marketing Management, Marketing Planning, Analyzing Marketing Opportunities, Market Segmentations, Market Targeting and Product Positioning Marketing Strategies, Designing Communication, Advertising and Other Promotion Strategies International Marketing. RECOMMENDED BOOKS 1. Philip Kotler, Marketing Management Analysis Planning Implementation and

Control, 9th Edition, Prentice Hall, 1998. 2. Guiltinan, Joseph P., Gordon W, Paul, Marketing Management Strategic Problem,

5th Edition, McGraw Hill, 1994 3. J. Paul Peter, James H. Donnelly, Lawrence X. Trapey, Marketing Management,

1st Edition, Texas Business Publishing 1982.

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Credit Hours

HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT & MANAGEMENT BA (M) – 552 3

COURSE CONTENTS 1. Overview of Human Resource Management 2. Introduction of the Human Resource Management

2.1. Definition of HRM 2.2. Is Field of Management? 2.3. Environment of HRM

2.3.1. Internal 2.3.2. External – National 2.3.3. International

3. Process of Human Resource Management 4. Functions of Human Resource Management

4.1. Procurement (Recruitment and Selection) 4.2. Development of Personnel (Training) 4.3. Maintenance of Personnel (Wages, Salary, Benefits, etc.) 4.4. Utilization of H. Resource

5. H. Resource Development (HRD)

5.1. Determining Training Needs 5.2. Development of Appropriate Training Programs 5.3. Organising and conducting Training Programs 5.4. Evaluation of Training Programs

6. HR Planning, Job Analysis, Job Distributions 7. Evaluation of HRM Activities The course prepares the students for the study of Personnel Management. The Topics will include: Environment of Human Resource Management, Defenses against discrimination, Utilization Analysis, Information Technology and Human Resources, Job Analysis in Different Environments, Human Resources and Response Organization, Building of Employee Commitment and Motivation, Basic Features of Interviews, Training in Human Resources. Introduction to Personnel Management, The Functions of Personnel Management, Personnel Management in Public Service of Pakistan. RECOMMENDED BOOKS 1. Gary Dessler, Human Resource Management, Prentice Hall, 1999. 2. Warther, William B., Personnel Management and Human Behavior, McGraw–Hill,

Latest Edition. 3. Flippo, Edwin B., Principles of Personnel Management, McGraw–Hill Co., Latest

Edition. 4. Beach, Dale S, Personnel: The Management of People at Work, Macmillan

Publishing, Latest Edition. 5. Armstrong, Michael A., Handbook of Personnel, Management Practice, Kogan,

1997. 6. Keilt Davis, Human Resource Management

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MBA – IV Course Title Course Number

Credit Hours

ADVANCE BUSINESS STATISTICS BA (M) – 601 3

COURSE CONTENTS Continuous Probability distribution. Normal distribution its properties. Application of normal

distribution. Standard normal distribution, its properties. Sampling and Sampling distribution of

mean. Sampling techniques – Simple random Sampling Stratified random sampling, Systematic

sampling. Properties of sample mean in simple random sampling technique and stratified both.

Idea of parameter and Statistic Estimation of parameters. Difference between point estimation

and interval estimation. Construction of 95% and 99% confidence interval of population mean

and difference of two population means and proportion for large and small samples both.

Determination of sample size for estimating parameters. Test of hypothesis, Z–test for testing

population mean, proportion and difference of two population means and proportion. X2 – test

for testing population variance, goodness of fit and test of independence of two attributes. F–

test for testing equality of two population variances. Time series – its components – methods of

measuring secular trends. Partial and multiple correlation and their coefficients. Multiple

regression equations.

The course build upon the course on elements of statistics: Topics will include: Continous

Probability Distribution, Hypothesis Testing, Two Sample Test of Proportions, Chi–square

Distribution, Tests of Goodness of Fit, Confidence Intervals, Regression and Correlation

Techniques, Multiple Regression and Correlation, Estimation of Mean, Variance, Confidence

Intervals, Quality Improvement and Statistical Decision, Analysis of Time Series.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS 1. Edwin Marsfield, Statistics for Business and Economics, W.W. Norton & Co., 1994. 2. Wayne W. Daniel, James C. Terelll, Business Statistics for Management and

Economics 6th Edition, Houghton Mifflin. 3. Joseph F. Hair, Rolph E. Anderson and Ronald L. Tatham, William C. Black,

Multivariate Data Analysis, 5th Edition, Prentice Hall, 1998. 4. Schaum Outline Series. 5. Ronald E Walpole, 4th Edition.

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Credit Hours

COST ACCOUNTING BA (M) – 611 3

COURSE CONTENTS 1. The Management Concept and the Function of the Controller

1.1. The Management Concept 1.2. The Controller’s Participation in Planning and Control 1.3. The Cost Department 1.4. The Role of Cost Accounting 1.5. Certification and Ethics 1.6. The Influence of Private and Governmental Organizations

2. Cost Concepts and the Cost Accounting Information System

2.1. The Cost Concept 2.2. The Cost Accounting Information System 2.3. Classification of Costs 2.4. The Flow of Costs in a Manufacturing Enterprise 2.5. Reporting the Results of Operations

3. Job Order Costing

3.1. Cost Systems and Cost Accumulation Procedure 3.2. Job Order Costing

4. Process Costing: Cost of Production Report

4.1. Process Cost Accumulation Procedures 4.2. Other Factor in Accounting for Lost Units 4.3. Addition of Materials

5. Process Costing: Average and FIFO Costing

5.1. Beginning Work in Process Inventories 5.2. Difficulties Encountered in Process Cost Accounting Procedures

6. Materials: Controlling and Costing

6.1. Procedures for Materials Procurement and Use 6.2. Materials Costing Methods 6.3. Transfer of Materials Cost to Finished Product 6.4. Inventory Valuation at Cost or Market, Whichever is Lower 6.5. Inventory Pricing and interim Financial Reporting 6.6. Costing Procedures for Scarp, Spoiled Goods and Defective Work 6.7. Summary of Materials Management

7. Materials: Quantitative Models for Planning and Control

7.1. Planning Materials Requirements 7.2. Materials Control

8. Labor: Controlling and Accounting for Costs

8.1. Productivity and Labor Costs 8.2. Incentive Wage Plans 8.3. Organization for Labor Cost Accounting and Control 8.4. Labor Performance Reports

9. Factory Overhead: Planned, Actual and Applied: Variance Analysis

9.1. The Nature of Factory Overhead 9.2. The Use of a Predetermined Factory Overhead Rate 9.3. Factors to be Considered in the Selection of Overhead Rates

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9.4. The Calculation of a Factor Overhead Rate 9.5. Actual Factory Overhead or Under Applied and Variance 9.6. Analysis 9.7. Changing Overhead Rates 9.8. Summary of Factory Overhead

An Introduction to Cost Terms and Purposes, Designing, Installation and Operation of Cost Systems, Introduction to Different Costing Method, Cost Classification; Nature and Functions, Direct Indirect, Fix and Variable, Controllable and Un–Controllable, Avoidable and Un–Avoidable, Standard / Budgeted and Actual, Material Control Procedure and Costing Method; Quantitative Models for Materials, Control and Accounting for Labor Cost and for Factory Overhead Cost. RECOMMENDED BOOKS 1. Matz & Usry, Cost Accounting, 7th Edition, South–Western Publishing Company, USA. 2. Charles T. Horngren, George Faster, S.M. Datar, Cost Accounting Managerial

Emphasis, Prentice Hall, 1997. 3. Milton F. Usry, and Lawrence H. Hammer, Control, Cost Accounting Planning,

9th Edition, South–Western Adolph Matz Publishing Co. (Ohio) 1988. 4. General R. Growing Shield & Kenneth A. Crorman Cost Accounting. 5. Polimini & Cashin, Cost Accounting, McGraw–Hill. 6. Jams A. Cashin, Ralph, Cost Accounting, 9th Edition Auckland Polimeni McGraw–Hill. 7. Nisaruddin, Cost Accounting, Latest Edition, Aziz Publishers Urdu Bazar, Lahore. 8. S. Qavi Ahmed, Cost Accounting, Latest Edition. 9. Laster E. Heitoer, Serge, Matullh, Managerial Accounting, 1980.

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Credit Hours

INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS FINANCE BA (M) – 621 3

COURSE CONTENTS 1. An Overview of Business Finance

1.1. GAAP Revisited 1.2. Basic Finance Statement 1.3. Legal Forms of Organization

2. Corporation defined: Advantages and Disadvantages

2.1. Formation of a Corporation 2.2. Capital Stock, Authorization and Issuance 2.3. Rights of a Shareholder 2.4. Common and Preferred Stocks 2.5. Types of Preferred Stocks 2.6. Payment of Dividends

3. The Firm’s Investment Decision

3.1. An Overview of the Capital Budgeting Process 3.2. Capital Budgeting Techniques 3.3. Payback Period 3.4. Accounting Rate of Return (ARR) 3.5. Net Present Value (NPV) 3.6. Internal Rate of Return (IRR) 3.7. Profitability Index (P/I) 3.8. Sensitivity Analysis

4. The Time Value of Money

4.1. Compounding and Discounting 4.2. Finding Future and Present Values

5. Financial Ratio Analysis

5.1. Types of Financial Ratios 5.2. Uses of Financial Ratios 5.3. Determination and Interpretation 5.4. Limitations of Ratios

6. Working Capital Management

6.1. The Importance of Working Capita 6.2. Short–Term Finance Decision 6.3. Deciding on an Appropriate WC Policy

Introduction, Importance of Cash Management, Sources, Finance, Sources and uses of Funds–Types, Financial Analysis, Taxation, Investment in Long Term Assets, Cash Flow, Managing, Cash & Temporary Investments, Managing Receivables & Inventory, Working Capitals, Dividend Policy and Retained Earnings. RECOMMENDED BOOKS 1. R. A. Stevenson, Fundamentals of Finance, McGraw–Hill, Latest Edition. 2. Donald H. Chew, JR., The New Corporate Finance, 2nd Edition, Irwin, McGraw–Hill,

1998. 3. Eugene Bugham, Fundamental of Financial Management, The Dryden Press,

Harcourt Brare College Publishers, 1995. 4. Ramesh K. S. Rao, Fundamentals of Financial Management, Macmillan Publishing

Company International Edition.

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Credit Hours

PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT BA (M) – 631 3

COURSE OBJECTIVE This course aims to provide students with basic knowledge of current production and operations management practices and techniques to produce and services. Operational Management provides a powerful tool to students for achieving organizational objectives and competitive strategies in today’s Competitive World The course aims at exposing the students to avail of actual Production in a plant or factory. In this process the students will study the management on the spot where production takes place. The students will also get some familiarity with operations study and research. Some engineering aspects of machine layout, building of factory and other allied aspects. COURSE CONTENTS 1. Introduction of Production and Operations Management

2. Operations and Productivity

3. Operations as a Competitive Weapon

4. Operations Strategy

5. Process Management

6. Management of Technology

7. Work – Force Management

8. Statistical Process Control

9. Operations Capacity

10. Location Planning

11. Layout Planning

12. Supply – Chain Management

13. Inventory Control Management

14. Aggregate Requirements Planning

15. Material Requirements Planning

16. Just–in Time Systems

17. Operations Research

18. Managing Projects

RECOMMENDED BOOKS 1. Taha, Hamdy A., Operations Research and Introduction, 6th Edition, Prentice Hall,

1998. 2. Bierman, Harold, Charles P. Bonini, Waren H. Hausman, Quantitative Analysis for

Business Decision, 8th Edition, Richard D. Irwin, 1998.

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MBA – V Course Title Course Number

Credit Hours

ECONOMICS & INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT OF PAKISTAN BA (M) – 641 3

COURSE OBJECTIVE The Course seeks a clear understanding and a measure of economic and industrial development of Pakistan since its inception. It looks into the future challenges and opportunities. COURSE CONTENTS 1. The Meaning & Measure of Economic Development

1.1. Economic Growth and Economic Development 1.2. Classification of Countries 1.3. Kravis Theory of Purchasing Power Adjustment / A Better Measure of Economic

Development? 1.4. Problems with Alternative Measures 1.5. Weighted Indices for GNP Growth 1.6. “Basic Needs” Attainment 1.7. Liberalization versus Development 1.8. Small is Beautiful

2. The Strategy of Economic Growth

2.1. History and Evaluation of Economic Planning in Pakistan 2.2. Comparative Study of Pakistan’s Five Year Plans 2.3. Domestic and External Financing 2.4. Foreign Private Investment 2.5. Debt Serving

3. Industrial Planning in Pakistan

3.1. An Overview of Industrial Strategies and Structural Changes in the Economy 3.2. The Phase of Import Substitution 3.3. The Phase of Export Expansion 3.4. The Phase of Distributive Justice 3.5. The Phase of the Return of the Functional Inequality Grafted with Basic Needs

Concern 4. The Problems of Industrial Concentration and Income Inequalities

4.1. Economic Growth and Income Inequality 4.2. Income Inequalities 4.3. Gini Co–Efficient Criterion 4.4. Household Income Share Criterion 4.5. Purchasing Power Criterion 4.6. Rural–Urban Inequalities 4.7. Concerns of Poverty 4.8. Poverty Alleviation

5. Role of Public and private Sectors in the industrialization of Pakistan

5.1. Private Sector as the Engine of Growth 5.2. Public Sector in the Role Gap–Filler and a Catalyst 5.3. The Fall of the Private Sector and Ascendancy of the Public Sector 5.4. Resurgence of the Private Sector

6. Privatization

6.1. Historical Perspective 6.2. Privatization in Pakistan

7. Globalization

7.1. Challenges and Opportunities

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8. Foreign Trade 9. Money & Banking 10. Public Finance Basic Features, Agricultural Sector, Industrial Sector, Foreign Trade of Pakistan, Money and Banking in Pakistan, Public Finance in Pakistan. RECOMMENDED BOOKS 1. Ministry of Finance, Government of Pakistan, Economics Survey, Latest, State Bank of

Pakistan, Annual Survey, Latest, Federal Bureau of Statistics Year Book, Latest. 2. Dr. Mahb–ul–Haq, The Strategy of Economic Growth. 3. Ahmad, Viqar and Amjad, The Management of Pakistan’s Economy. 4. Dr. Muhammad Aslam, Development Planning in Pakistan. 5. Shahrukh Rafi Khan, 50 Years of Pakistan’s Economy. 6. E. Wayne Nafziger, The Economics of Developing Countries. 7. Dr. Khuwaja Amjad Saeed, Economy of Pakistan.

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Credit Hours

INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH METHODS BA (M) – 651 3

COURSE CONTENTS 1. The Nature of Marketing Research

1.1. Marketing Research in Practice 1.2. The Function of Marketing Research 1.3. International Marketing Research 1.4. The Marketing Research Department

2. Marketing Information and Decision Support System

2.1. Marketing Information and Decision Support System (MIS) 2.2. Marketing Decision Support System (MDSS) 2.3. Expert System

3. Research Process and Research Design

3.1. The Nature of Research Design 3.2. Steps in Research Design Process 3.3. Potential Errors Affecting Research Designs

4. Secondary Data

4.1. The Nature of Secondary Data 4.2. Internal Sources of Secondary Data 4.3. External Sources of Secondary Data

5. Primary Data

5.1. Survey Research 5.2. Telephonic Survey 5.3. Mailing Survey 5.4. Experimentation

6. Survey Research

6.1. The Nature of Survey Research 6.2. Criteria for the Selection of a Survey Method 6.3. Potential Errors in Survey Research

7. Experimentation

7.1. The Nature of Experimentation 7.2. Types of Errors Affecting Experimental Results 7.3. Experimental Design

8. Experimental Environment

8.1. Laboratory Experiments 8.2. Field Experiments 8.3. Test Marketing

9. Measurement in Marketing Research

9.1. The Concept of Measurement 9.2. Scales of Measurement 9.3. Components of Measurement 9.4. Measurement Accuracy

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10. Questionnaire Design 10.1. The Nature of Questionnaire 10.2. Preliminary Decision 10.3. Decisions Regarding Question Content 10.4. Decisions Regarding Question Phrasing 10.5. Decisions Regarding Response Format 10.6. Decisions Regarding the Questions Sequence 10.7. Physical Characteristics of the Questionnaire 10.8. Pretest

11. The Sampling Process

11.1. Census Versus Sample 11.2. The Sampling Process 11.3. Sampling Applications 11.4. The Methods of Determining Sample Size

12. Marketing Research Reports

12.1. Preparing the Written Research Report 12.2. Preparing the Oral Presentations 12.3. Reading Research Reports

13. Ethical Issues in Marketing Research

13.1. The Nature of Ethical Issues in Marketing Research Introduction, Defining the Research Problem, Research Design, Sampling Design, Measurement and Scaling Techniques, Methods of Data Collection, Processing and Analysis, Analysis of Variance and Co–Variance, International and Report Writing. RECOMMENDED BOOKS 1. C. William Emory (E), Business Research Methods, Richard D. Irwin, Latest Edition. 2. Tull Donald S. & Del I. Hawkins (T & H), Marketing Research, 6th Edition, Macmillan. 3. L.R. Gay, P.L. Diew, Research Methods for Business & Management, Macmillan,

Latest Edition. 4. William G. Zikmund, Business Research Methods, 6th Edition, The Dryden Press,

2000. 5. Donald S. Tull, Del I. Hawkins, Marketing Research Measurement & Method,

6th Edition.

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Credit Hours

MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING BA (M) – 602 3

COURSE CONTENTS 1. Managerial Accounting and the Business Organisation

1.1. Accounting and Decision Making 1.2. Management Accounting in Service and Nonprofit Organisations 1.3. Cost–Benefit and Behavioural Considerations 1.4. The Management process and Accounting 1.5. Planning and Control for Product Life Cycle and the Value Chain 1.6. Accounting’s Position in the Organisation 1.7. Career Opportunities in Managerial Accounting

2. Introduction to Cost Behaviour and Cost Volume Relationship

2.1. Activities, Cost, and Cost Drivers 2.2. Comparison of Variable and Fixed Costs 2.3. Cost Volume Profit Analysis 2.4. Additional Uses of Cost Volume Analysis 2.5. Lowering the Break–Even Point 2.6. Nonprofit Application

3. Measurement of Cost Behaviour

3.1. Cost Drivers and Cost Behaviour 3.2. Management influence on Cost Behaviour 3.3. Cost Functions 3.4. Methods of Measuring Cost Functions

4. Cost Management Systems and Activity Based Costing

4.1. Classifications of Costs 4.2. Cost Accounting for Financial Reporting 4.3. Cost Behaviour and Income Statements 4.4. Activity Based Costing 4.5. Contribution Approach and Activity Based Costing 4.6. Cost Management Systems

5. Relevant Information and Decision Making Marketing Decisions

5.1. The Concept of Relevance 5.2. The Special Sales Order 5.3. Deletion or Addition of Products, Services or Departments 5.4. Optimal Use of Limited Resources 5.5. Pricing Decisions 5.6. General Influences on Pricing in Practice 5.7. Role of Costs in Pricing Decisions 5.8. Target Costing 5.9. Target Costing, ABC, and Service Companies

6. Relevant Information and Decision Making

6.1. Production Decision 6.2. Opportunity, Outlay, and Differential Costs 6.3. Make–or–Buy Decisions 6.4. Joint Product Costs 6.5. An Example of Make–or–Buy Outsourcing 6.6. Irrelevance of Past Cost 6.7. Sunk Costs and Government Contracts 6.8. Irrelevance of Future Costs That Will Not Differ 6.9. Beware of Unit Costs 6.10. Conflicts Between Decision Making and Performance Evaluation

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7. Master Budget 8. Flexible Budget The course emphasises use of Accounting Information as a toll for solving Business problems it also helps developed tolls for fore casting and control of the Financial Systems. The course also discusses cost systems as well as profit planning and development of professional’s management approach in accounting process and systems. The course is essential for professional executives in mild and higher Management RECOMMENDED BOOKS 1. Horngern, Managerial Accounting, Prince Hall 2. Introduction to Managerial Accounting, 1996 3. Horngren Introduction to Managerial Accounting, 1996

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Credit Hours

AUDITING BA (M) – 612 3

COURSE CONTENTS 1. Nature and Objective of an Audit

2. Kinds of Audit

3. Audit Engagement Letter

4. Audit Planning

5. Controlling of an Audit and its Procedure

6. Audit Documentation

7. Risk Assessment and Internal Control (As–6)

8. Audit Techniques and Procedure

9. Audit Evidence, Types and Procedures

10. The Auditor’s Report and Management Responsibilities

11. Professional Ethics and Management Responsibilities

12. Verification of Assets, Liabilities and Other Transactions

13. Six–Points Techniques of Verification and Analytical Procedure

Types or Auditing, Procedures used by public accountants, Verification of Data and Examining

the Proper Sanctions, Verification and Scrutiny of statutorily required, financial statements being

prepared, financial statements being prepared, Ensuring the legal as well as moral and ethical

obligations of auditing profession, final authentication and certification of account before

publication.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS 1. O. Ray Whittington, Kurt Pony, Principles of Auditing, 11th Edition, Irwin, 1995. 2. Howard, Leslie R., Auditing, 9th Edition, Pitman Publisher, 1992. 3. Prof. Dr. Khawaja Amjad Saeed, Advance Auditing. 4. Javid H. Zubari, Practical Auditing.

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MBA – VI Course Title Course Number

Credit Hours

FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT BA (M) – 622 3

COURSE CONTENTS 1. An Overview of Financial Management

1.1. Career, Opportunities in Finance, Financial Management in 1990s, Forms of Organizations, Function of Financial management, Goals of Corporations, Business Ethics, Agency Problems, Managerial Incentives, Internal vs. External Environmental.

2. Discounted Cash Flow Analysis

2.1. Time Line, Future Value, Present Value, Interest Rate Factors, Future Value of an Annuity, Perpetuities, Uneven Cash Flow Stream, Compounding Periods, Types of Interest Rates, Fractional Time Periods, Amortized Loan.

3. Valuation Models

3.1. Securities Vs Derivatives, General Valuation Model, Bond Valuation, Preferred Stock Valuation Common Stock Valuation, Stock Market Equilibrium.

4. Cost of Capital

4.1. Capital Components and Costs, Cost of Debt, Cost of Preferred Stocks, Cost of Retained Earnings, CAPM Approach, DCF Approach, Bond Yield Plus Risk Premium Approach, Comparison, Cost of Newly Issues Common Equity, WACC, MCC Schedule in Capital Budgeting.

5. Basic of Capital Budgeting

5.1. Importance of Capital Budgeting, Ideas for Capital Projects, Project Classifications, Securities Between Capital Budgeting and Securities Valuation Capital Budgeting Decision Rules, NPV Vs IRP, Modified IRR, NVP Vs PI Methods, Present Value of Future Costs.

6. Project Cash Flow Analysis

6.1. Cash Flow Estimation, Relevant Cash Flows, Tax Effects, Changes in Net Working Capital, Cash Flow Analysis, Replacement Analysis, Estimation Bias, Evaluating Decision Rules, NPV Vs IRP, Modified IRR, NVP Vs PI Methods, Present Value of Future Cots.

7. Risk Analysis an Optional Capital Budget

7.1. Introduction to Project Risk, stand lone Risk, Abandonment on NPV and Stand Alone Risk, Corporate Risk, Market Risk, Risk and Capital, Risk Cash Outflows, View of Project Risk Analysis, Optimal Capital Budget Capital Rationing.

8. Long Term Financial Planning

8.1. Strategic Plans, Operating plans, Sales Forecasts, Financial Statement Forecasting, Formula Method for Forecasting AFN, Forecasting Financial Ratios with Changes in Balance Sheet, Forecasting Financial Statements Variables, Computerized Financial Planning Models, Financial Controls.

9. Capital Structure Decisions

9.1. Business and Financial Risk, Capital Structure Theory, Target Capital in Structure when Cash Flow are perpetuities, Considerations and Approaches in capital Structure Decision.

10. Capital Structure Decisions: Extensions

10.1. Capital Structure Theory: MM Models, The Miller Model, Criticisms of MM and Miller Models, Trade Off Models, Asymmetries Information Model, Variations in Capital Structure, Book Weights vs. Market Weights.

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11. Dividend Policy 11.1. Dividends vs. Capital Gains: Investors Preference, Dividend Policy in Practice,

Changing Policies, Dividend Reinvestment Plans, Influence on Dividend Policy, Stock Repurchases, Stock Dividend Stock Splits, Tests of dividend Theories, Dividend stability, Dividend policy in practice, Changing Policies, Dividend Reinvestment Plans, Influence on Dividend Policy, Stock Repurchases, Stock Dividend Stock Splits.

Time Value of Money, Stick and Bond Values, Risk and Rates of Return, IERR and IFRR. The Basic of Capital Budgeting, Risk and other Topics in Capital Budgeting. The Cost of Capital, Capital Structure Decisions, Theory of Capital Structure, Dividend Policy, Mergers and Divestitures, Bankruptcy and Reorganization, Islamic Financial System. RECOMMENDED BOOKS 1. Richard Bearley, Stewant Myer, Principles of Corporate Finance, McGraw–Hill, Latest

Edition. 2. Eugine F. Brigham, Lous C. Gapenski, Financial Management Theory and Practice,

8th Edition, Dryden Press, Harcourt Brare College Publishers, 1997. 3. Alan C. Shapiro, International Financial Management, Prentice Hall, 1999. 4. Bashir Ahmad Khan, Syed Mubashir Ali, Corporate Finance in Pakistan, Care Studies

from an Emerging Market, Oxford University Press, 1999. 5. Donald H. Chew, JR., The New Corporate Finance, 2nd Edition, Irwin McGraw–Hill,

1999 6. Mergers & Acquisition 7. Bankruptcy & Reorganization 8. Islamic Financial System 9. Risk and Return

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Credit Hours

MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM BA (M) – 632 3

Week Proposed Potential Topics of Study

1 Introduction to Systems. Resources of Systems. Subsystems. Information. Information Sciences. Information System.

2 Information and Quality Assurance. Information Technology Concepts. Computerisation and Various Models.

3 Information System Models and their Role in an Organisation. Systems Analysis and Design. Systems Development Life Cycle.

4 Various Types of Computer Processing. Databases and DBMS. Data Communication and Networks. Problem–solving Methodologies.

5 Computer–based Information System (CBIS). Various Types of CBIS. Introduction to Management Information System.

6 Introduction to Accounting Information Systems, Financial Information System, Human Resource Information System and other IS’s.

7 Detailed Study of MIS. Objectives, Requirement tasks and Functionality of Various Components of MIS.

8 MIS and Executive Information System. Using EIS in an Organisation as a Problem–solving System.

9 MIS and Decision Support System. Various Related Methodologies and their Implementation. MIS and other Information Systems.

10 Management of Information Resources. Business Processes and Organisations’ Requirement, and their Solution Using MIS.

Emphasis design of information systems of various organizational needs. Determines information needs for decision – making within the organization. Development of systems for capturing data efficiently. Emphasis is placed in accurate analysis of data required in decision making process. Finally some insight is provided in developing data processing systems including tools and terminology. RECOMMENDED BOOKS 1. Lucy Terry, Management Information System, 8th Edition, London Letts Educational,

1997. 2. Laudon Keneth, Management Information System, 2nd Edition, New York, McMillan,

1991. 3. Davis Gordon, Marhrathe H. Dlson, Management Information System, 2nd Edition,

New York, McGraw–Hill Inc. 1985. 4. Murdick Ross Claggett, Information Systems for Modern Management, 3rd Edition,

Prentice Hall, 1999. 5. K. C. Laudon, Essentials of Management Information Systems, Prentice Hall 6. J. O’Brian, Management Information System, McGraw–Hill. REFERENCE BOOKS 1. D W. Kroeber, Computer–Based Information System – A Management

Approach, MacMillan Publisher. 2. Any text book available in the University (or departmental) library preferably or available

in the local market for the topics mentioned above. 3. At the time of discussion of a topic, relevant books / materials may be referred from

time to time. 4. Davis Gprdon, Marhrathe H. Dlson, Management Information System, 2nd Edition,

New York, McGraw–Hill Inc. 1985. 5. Murdic Ross Claggett, Information Systems for Modern Management, 3rd Edition,

Prentice Hall 1999.

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Credit Hours

GLOBAL MARKETING BA (M) – 642 3

COURSE CONTENTS 1. The Scope and Challenge of International Marketing

1.1. International Marketing – Definition, Task and Concepts 1.2. Self–Reference Criterion 1.3. Developing Global Awareness

2. Cultural Dynamics in Assessing Global Markets

2.1. Culture and Its Elements 2.2. Cultural Knowledge, Values and Changes

3. Business Customs in Global Marketing

3.1. Required Adaptation 3.2. Methods of Doing Business

4. The Political Environment

4.1. Political Risk in Global Business and Reducing Political Vulnerability 5. The International Legal Environment

5.1. Bases for Legal Systems and Commercial Law within Countries 5.2. International Dispute Resolution 5.3. Protection of Intellectual Property Rights

6. Developing a Global Vision through Marketing Research

6.1. Scope and Process of International Marketing Research 6.2. Defining the Problem and Establishing Research Objectives and Gathering

Primary / Secondary Data 6.3. Multicultural Research 6.4. Problems in Interpreting Research Information 6.5. Estimating Market Demand

7. Global Marketing Management: Planning and Organizing

7.1. Global Marketing Management 7.2. Planning for Global Markets 7.3. Alternative Market Entry Strategies 7.4. Organizing for Global Competition

8. Creating Products for Consumers in Global Markets

8.1. Global Markets and Product Development 8.2. Quality Products 8.3. Products, Culture and Adaptation 8.4. Product Components 8.5. Green Marketing and Product Development 8.6. Marketing Consumer Service Globally

9. International Distribution Systems

9.1. Channel of Distribution Structures and Patters 9.2. Selecting, Controlling, Motivating and Terminating Middlemen 9.3. Factors Affecting Choice of Channels

10. The Global Advertising and Promotion Effort

10.1. Global Advertising 10.2. Creative Challenges and Terminating Middlemen 10.3. Factors Affecting Choice of Channels

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11. Pricing for International Markets 11.1. Pricing Policy 11.2. Price Escalation 11.3. Counter Trade 11.4. Intra Company Pricing Strategy

12. Exporting and Logistics: Special Issues for the Small Business

12.1. Export and Import Restrictions 12.2. Terms of Sale and Foreign Commercial Payments 12.3. Export Documents 12.4. Customs Privileged Facilities and Logistics

The course emphasizes the research input in marketing management. The research is initiated long before production and countries throughout. The research starts from estimation of demand for a commodity or service in near and distant future. Overall demand for a commodity of service in a country is estimated. It is then seen how much production on supply is already present and how much is it expected to raise, because new competitors, Import and export prospects also have to the Considered similarly, price factor will be considered. Global Marketing: Trends towards globalization. Globalization of Markets, Forces Shaping Global Marketing Strategy, International, Multinational and Global Marketing, Evaluation of Global Marketing, First step to globalization (initial entry), Competitive Advantages, Market Selection Decision, Modes of entry into Global Markets, Strategies for Local Market Expansion, Globalizing Marketing Strategy, Global Competitive Strategy, Corporate Infrastructure for Global Marketing. RECOMMENDED BOOKS 1. Boyd, Harper W., Marketing Research Text and Cases, Richard D. Irwin, Latest

Edition. 2. Brown, Lyndon O., Marketing and Distribution Research, Ronald Press Co., Latest

Edition. 3. Kotler Philip, Marketing. 4. Management, Prentice Hall, 1998. 5. Tull, Donald S., Marketing Research, Macmillan, Latest Edition. 6. Susan P. Douglas and C. Samuel Craig, Global Marketing Strategy, McGraw–Hill Inc.,

International Edition 1995. 7. Frank Bradley, International Marketing Strategy, Prentice Hall, New York, 8. Philip R. Cateora, John L. Graham, International Marketing.

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Credit Hours

ADVERTISING & PROMOTION BA (M) – 652 3

COURSE CONTENTS 1. The Dimension of Advertising

1.1. What is Advertising? 1.2. The Human Communication Process: Applying the Communication Process to

Advertising 1.3. Marketing: Determining the Types of Advertising to Use 1.4. What is Marketing? 1.5. Identifying Target Markets and Target Audiences 1.6. Implementing Marketing Strategy 1.7. Integrating Marketing Strategy 1.8. Integrating Marketing

2. The Scope of Advertising: Form Local to Global

2.1. The Adverting Industry 2.2. The Organizations in Advertising 2.3. The People in Advertising 2.4. The Advisers (The Client) 2.5. Local Advertising 2.6. Regional, National and Transnational Advertisers 2.7. The Advertising Agency 2.8. Types of Advertising Agencies 2.9. The Client / Agency Relationship

3. Marketing and Consumer Behavior: The Foundations of Advertising

3.1. The Larger Marketing Context of Advertising 3.2. The Relationship of Marketing to Advertising 3.3. Consumer Needs and Product Utility 3.4. The Importance of Knowing the Consumer 3.5. The Consumer Decision Making Process 3.6. Exchanges, Perception and Satisfaction 3.7. Interpersonal Influences on Consumer Behavior 3.8. Non–Personal Influences on Consumer Behavior 3.9. The Purchase Decision and Post Purchase Evaluation

4. Market Segmentation and The Marketing Mix

4.1. The Market Segmentation Process 4.2. Segmenting the Customer Market 4.3. The Target Marketing Process 4.4. Advertising and The Product Element 4.5. Advertising and The Price Element 4.6. Advertising and The Place Element 4.7. Advertising and The Communication Element 4.8. The Marketing Mix in Perspective

5. Inputs to Advertising Planning

5.1. Need for Research in Marketing & Advertising 5.2. Applying Research to Advertising Decision Making 5.3. Steps in Research Process

6. Marketing and Advertising Planning

6.1. The Marketing Plan 6.2. Relationship Marketing 6.3. The Importance of Relationships 6.4. Levels of Relationship

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6.5. The Advertising Plan 6.6. Reviewing the Marketing Plan 6.7. Setting the Advertising Objectives 6.8. Advertising Strategy and Creative Mix 6.9. Allocating Funds for Advertising 6.10. Advertising an Investment to Future Sales 6.11. Methods of Allocating Funds

7. Relationship Building: Direct Marketing Personal Selling and Sales Promotion

7.1. The Importance of Relationship Marketing 7.2. Understanding Direct Marketing 7.3. The Role & Drawbacks of Direct Marketing 7.4. Types of Direct Marketing Activities 7.5. Direct Sales & Direct Response Advertising 7.6. Personal Selling the Human Medium 7.7. Types, Advantages & Drawbacks of Personal Selling 7.8. The Positive and Negative Effective of Sales Promotion 7.9. Sales Promotion Strategies and Tactics

8. Relationship Building: Public Relations, Sponsorship and Corporate

Advertising 8.1. The Role of Public Relations 8.2. The Difference between Advertising and Public Relations 8.3. Public Relations Planning and Research 8.4. Public Relations Tolls 8.5. Sponsorships and Event 8.6. Benefits & Drawbacks of Sponsorship 8.7. Types of Sponsorship 8.8. Corporate / Institutional Sponsorship 8.9. Public Relations Advertising

9. Creative Strategy and Creative Process

9.1. The Creative Team 9.2. What Makes Great Advertising? 9.3. Formulating Advertising Strategy 9.4. How Creativity Enhances Advertising? 9.5. What is Creativity? 9.6. The Role of Creativity in Advertising 9.7. Understanding Creativity Thinking 9.8. The Creativity Process 9.9. The Explorer Role: Gathering Information 9.10. The Artist Role: Developing and Implementing the Big Idea

10. Using Advertising Media

10.1. Managing the Advertising Production Process 10.2. The Radio Commercial Production Process 10.3. The Television Commercial Production Process 10.4. Producing Advertising for Digital Media 10.5. Using Print Media 10.6. The Digital Interactive Media 10.7. Out of Home & Exhibit Media

Management of advertising and promotion plan. This requires the study of several things mentioned. Selling a commodity or service inevitably requires a promotion strategy and planning of advertising even before production of a commodity starts. Advertising has certain mechanics. Some of these detailed plans are concerned and decided by the management staff. A large part of mechanics are carried out advertising agencies. These have their own limits or accounts and handle the promotion and advertising. RECOMMENDED BOOKS 1. William E. Arens, Contemporary Advertising, International Edition, National Book

Foundation. 2. Thill, Dowell & Wood, Advertising Excellence, 5th Edition, McGraw–Hill, 1995. 3. Bovee, Courtland L. Advertising, Richard Irwin, 2nd Edition, 1986. 4. Kincaid William, Products, Services and Ideas, Macmillan, Latest Edition.

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Credit Hours

PROJECT RESEARCH BA (M) – 662 3

COURSE OBJECTIVE The purpose of this course is to create an understanding amongst the students to recognize a problem, establish its premises, identify reasons, develop recommendations and presentation of the report. This course has been placed in the eighth semester with an intention that by this time the students have gone through all the required courses and have developed a knowledge base that can be fully utilized and tested at this stage. It will help the student to get himself ready to enter the practical life where these skills are extensively required and utilized. One of the most important subjects relevant to project report writing is the research methods which students have already studied in the sixth semester. BROAD AREAS OF RESEARCH AND STUDY The student should be given freedom to select any area where s/he feels comfortable and confident to get information. Some broad areas have been identified as follows: A. Organization, Management and Corporate Performance B. Social and Public Interest C. Market and Consumers D. Project Feasibility COURSE CONTENTS This course on research and report writing consists of following topics: 1. The Format of the Report and its Contents

1.1. Title Page 1.2. Acknowledgement / Letter of Transmittal 1.3. Table of Contents 1.4. Introduction and Background 1.5. Main Text 1.6. Suggestions and Recommendations 1.7. Referencing and Bibliography 1.8. Footnotes 1.9. Figures, Diagrams, Sketches and Picture Referencing 1.10. Exhibits, Annexes and Appendices

2. Identification and Definition of Problem

2.1. Acquaintance with the Selected Area 2.2. Review of Literature, Interviews with Knowledgeable People 2.3. Identification of Problem 2.4. Review of Reports Written on Related Issue 2.5. Defining Problem

3. Research Methodology and Design

3.1. Identification of Variables and Development of their Linkages 3.2. Hypothesis/Hypotheses Development 3.3. Research Design and Instruments 3.4. Sampling, Measurement and Scaling 3.5. Data Collection, Analyses and Interpretation 3.6. Deductions

4. Market Research and Analyses 5. Financial Analyses 6. Organization and Management

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7. Presentation of Report 7.1. Outlining the Key Elements of Report 7.2. Initial Impression 7.3. Clarity in Thoughts and Ideas 7.4. Time Management 7.5. Language 7.6. Conclusion and Recommendations 7.7. Questions and Answers

APPROACH TOWARDS COURSE DELIVERING For this course extensive counseling with students is required. It is proposed that the course supervisor should provide an overview to the students about the knowledge and skills required to prepare a high standard report. For this purpose a course outline is provided in the previous section. The supervisor is expected to help the students at all stages of the report preparation and presentation. It is also proposed that the course supervisor, for initial six to eight weeks, should take classes helping students to recollect the knowledge they acquired earlier and refine their thoughts wherever required. Once the topics are selected and finalized by students, the course supervisor is required to give them time either individually or in groups to discuss their issues and help them at various stages of report preparation. Continuous counseling with the students is necessary to ensure better quality of report. SCHEDULE OF COMPLETION AND SUBMISSIONS The Report is expected to be completed and submitted to the Examiner at the time of Presentation. Report presentation by individual students will be required. The student is expected to come fully prepared bringing the hard and soft copies of presentation.

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Credit Hours

BANKING OPERATIONS & MANAGEMENT BA (M) – 682 3

COURSE OBJECTIVES The Course aims at providing basic understanding about the practices in banking operations and management in modern economies. COURSE METHODOLOGY The course will be conducted through lectures / discussions, article sessions, case studies and a term project. COURSE CONTENTS The course will cover the following broad areas: 1. Formation of a Banking Company in Pakistan: Legal & other Requirements 2. Commercial Banking: Functions and Source of Funds in Relation to Legal, Economic and

Social Factors Involved 3. (Articles Presentation) 4. Banker Customer Relationship – Bankers Duty to Secrecy. 5. KYC and Customers Accounts: Individual, Institutional and Corporate. 6. (Articles Presentation) 7. Negotiable and other Instruments: Promissory Notes, Bills of Exchange, Cheques,

Receipts, Bonds, Coupons, Dividend Warrants, Letters of Credit and Travelers Cheques etc.

8. Payment and Collection of Cheques. Clearing and Transfers System. 9. Control of Credit. 10. (Articles Presentation) 11. Principles and Forms of Bank Lending 12. Securities for Banker’s Advances 13. Interest – Free Banking 14. Electronic Banking: Pros & Cons. 15. Management Structure of Banking Companies in Pakistan 16. Policy, Planning & Regulatory Controls in Banking 17. Concept of Good Corporate Governance in Banks. Banking System in Pakistan. Banks, and Customers including different types of customers. Cheques their payment, endorsement, clearing, and collections. Concept, and law of Negotiable Instruments. Principles, and Forms of Lending. Security for loans, and advance. Letters of Credit. Foreign Exchange, Interest, Free Banking. Foreign exchange Management of Banks. RECOMMENDED BOOKS 1. Asrar H. Siddiqui, Practice and Law of Banking in Pakistan, 6th Edition, Royal Book

Company, Karachi, 1997. 2. Dr. Asrar H. Siddiqi, Practice & Law of Banking in Pakistan, 7th Edition, 2003, Royal

Book Company, Karachi. 3. Roger Le Roy Miller & David D. Van Hoose, Modern Money & Banking, 3rd Edition,

McGraw–Hill Book Co., Singapore.

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Credit Hours

PROJECT APPRAISAL BA (M) – 683 3

COURSE CONTENTS 1. Basic Ideas of Projects

1.1. Main Features of Projects 1.2. Capital Budgeting, Importance and Difficulties 1.3. Project Development Cycle 1.4. Aspects of Appraisal 1.5. Objective of Investment Decision Making 1.6. Basic Consideration: Risk and Return

2. Market Appraisal

2.1. Information Required for Market and Demand Analysis 2.2. Secondary Source of Information 2.3. Market Survey 2.4. Demand Forecasting: Trend Projection Methods, Consumption 2.5. Level Method, Lend use Method

3. Technical Appraisal

3.1. Materials and Inputs: Raw Materials, Processed Industrial 3.2. Materials and Components, Auxiliary Materials and Factory 3.3. Supplies, Utilities 3.4. Production Technology 3.5. Plant Capacity 3.6. Location and Site 3.7. Machinery and Equipment, Structure and Civil Works 3.8. Project Charts and Layout, Work Schedules

4. Financial Aspects of Appraisal

4.1. Cost of Project and Means of Financing: Cost of Project, Major Components and their Details

4.2. Means of Financing: Planning the Capital Structure of a New Company 4.3. Equity, Term Loans, Bridge Loan, Sponsors Non–Interest Bearing Loans, Security

of Loans, Interest and Principal Repayments, Restrictive Covenants and Main Contents of the Loan Agreements

4.4. Financial and Development Financial Institutions 5. Profitability: Financial Projections

5.1. Production Estimates, Production Capacity, Capacity Utilization and Sales Estimates. Formulation of Assumptions for Financial Projections

5.2. Cost of Production: Materials, Labor, Utilities, Factory Overhead, Administrative, Marketing, Financial and Other Expenses

5.3. Development of Different Schedules for Projected Income Statement and Balance Sheet Based on Various Appraisal Factors Already Considered Above

5.4. Break Analysis and Sensitivity Analysis 6. Economic and Financial Appraisal – Single Project

6.1. Measuring Cost and Benefits: Cash Inflows and Outflows 6.2. Internal Cash Flows, Operational Cash Flows and Terminal Cash Flows 6.3. Time Value of Money, Estimating and Appropriate Discount Rate 6.4. Future and Present Value of Single Cash Flow, Future and Present Value of and

Annuity, Discount Factors, Annuity Factors and Capital Recovery Factor 6.5. Present Value of an Uneven Series, Shorter Compounding Periods 6.6. Effective Versus Nominal Rate

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7. Cost Capital 7.1. A Central Concept in Financial Management 7.2. Linking the Investment and Financial Decisions 7.3. Cost of Different Sources of Finance

8. Project Selection Criteria

8.1. Project Criteria for Single Projects 8.2. Calculating Internal Rate of Return 8.3. Estimating Net Present Value 8.4. Calculating Benefit Cost Ratio 8.5. Other Project Appraisal Criterion

9. Preparation of Appraisal (Feasibility) Report This course is designed to develop student’s theoretical knowledge and practical skills in identification of investment opportunities, project preparation including the pre–feasibility and feasibility studies, and evaluating the project through systematic and objective analysis at various stages of the project such as its formulation, implementation, post–completion and its life–cycle. The preparation and evaluation of projects will be dealt separately for private sector and public sector projects. RECOMMENDED BOOKS 1. Steve Curry & John Weiss, Project Analysis in Developing Countries, Latest Edition,

St. Martin Press Inc USA. 2. The World Bank, Guidelines for Calculating Financial and Economic Rates of

Return for DFC Projects, Washington D.C., USA, 1984. 3. Vincent Muro, Preparation of Project Feasibility Studies for Philippine Business

Enterprises, Manilla, Business Technology Corp. 4. John E. Walsh Jr., Preparing Feasibility Studies in Asia, Tokyo, Asian Productivity

Organization (APO). 5. Ch. Muhammad Hussain, Project Appraisal Monitoring & Evaluation Process,

Royal Book Co. Karachi. 6. Prasanna Chandra, Projects, Preparation, Appraisal, Budgeting and

Implementation, 2nd Edition, Indian Institute of Management, Bangalore.