All foodsRow #FoodGlycemic IndexGlycemic LoadDiabetic Carb ChoicesServing Size gramsserving ozAvail. Carb per servingReformat GI(Col C) for calculationTABLE OF CONTENTS1BAKERY PRODUCTS37BEVERAGES0.0101BREADS0.0294BREAKFAST CEREALS AND RELATED PRODUCTS0.0452BREAKFAST CEREAL BARS0.0464CEREAL / GRAINS0.0650Cookies (Digestives)0.0704CRACKERS0.0732DAIRY PRODUCTS AND ALTERNATIVES0.0823FRUIT AND FRUIT PRODUCTS0.0953INFANT FORMULA AND WEANING FOODS0.0969LEGUMES AND NUTS0.01063MEAL REPLACEMENT PRODUCTS0.01093MIXED MEALS AND CONVENIENCE FOODS0.01128NUTRITIONAL SUPPORT PRODUCTS0.01148PASTA and NOODLES0.01234SNACK FOODS AND CONFECTIONERY0.01302SPORTS BARS0.01319SUGARS AND SUGAR ALCOHOLS0.01411VEGETABLES0.01429VEGETABLES, ROOT0.01519INDIGENOUS OR TRADITIONAL FOODS OF DIFFERENT ETHNIC GROUPS0.0FOOD LISTINGS (alpha by and within categories)1BAKERY PRODUCTS2Cakes3Angel food cake (Loblaw's, Toronto, Canada)6719.41.9501.7629674Banana cake, made with sugar47817.92.5802.8238475Banana cake, made without sugar551016.01.9802.8229556Chocolate cake made from packet mix with chocolate frosting (Betty Crocker, General Mills Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA)38319.83.51113.91523813Croissant (Food City, Toronto, Canada)6717.41.7572.01266714Crumpet (Dempster's Corporate Foods Ltd., Etobicoke, Canada)6913.11.3501.7619698Cupcake, strawberry-iced (Squiggles, Farmland, Grocery Holdings, Tooronga, Vic, Australia)731219.01.7381.34267315Doughnut, cake type (Loblaw's, Canada)7617.51.5471.66237616Flan cake (Weston's Bakery, Toronto, Canada)6531.23.2702.4748659Lamingtons (sponge dipped in chocolate and coconut) (Farmland, Grocery Holdings, Australia)871725.21.9501.76298710Pound cake (Sara Lee Canada, Bramalea, Canada)5415.11.9531.87285411Sponge cake, plain46616.62.4632.22364612Vanilla cake made from packet mix with vanilla frosting (Betty Crocker, USA)42424.43.91113.91584217Muffins18Apple, made with sugar444612.81.9602.12294419Apple, made without sugar448109.11.3602.12194820Apple, oat, sultana, made from packet mix (Defiance Milling Co., Acacia Ridge, Qld, Australia)54414.01.7501.76265421Apricot, coconut and honey, made from packet mix (Defiance Milling Co., Australia)60415.61.7501.76266022Banana, oat and honey, made from packet mix (Defiance Milling Co., Australia)651116.91.7501.76266523Bran (Culinar Inc., Grandma Martin's Muffins, Aurora, Canada)6014.41.6572.01246024Blueberry (Culinar Inc., Canada)5917.11.9572.01295925Carrot (Culinar Inc., Canada)6219.82.1572.01326226Chocolate butterscotch, made from packet mix (Defiance Milling Co., Australia)53514.81.9501.76285327Corn muffin, low-amylose510229.61.9572.012910228Corn muffin, high-amylose5490.00.04929Oatmeal, muffin, made from mix (Quaker Oats Co. of Canada, Peterborough, Canada)6924.22.3501.76356930Pancakes, prepared from shake mix (Green's General Foods, Glendenning, NSW, Australia)67538.93.9802.82586731Pancakes, buckwheat, gluten-free, made from packet mix (Orgran Natural Foods, Carrum Downs, Vic, Australia)1021122.41.5772.722210232Pastry59615.31.7572.01265933Pikelets, Golden brand (Tip Top Bakeries, Chatswood, NSW, Australia)851417.91.4401.41218534Scones, plain, made from packet mix (Defiance Milling Co., Australia)9287.40.5250.8889235Waffles, Aunt Jemima (Quaker Oats Co. of Canada)769.90.9351.231376Back to Top37BEVERAGES38Coca Cola 39Coca Cola, soft drink (Coca Cola Amatil, Sydney, NSW, Australia)53713.81.72508.82265340Coca Cola, soft drink/soda (Coca Cola Bottling Company, Atlanta, GA, USA)6316.41.72508.82266341mean of two types5850.00.05842Cordial, orange, reconstituted (Berri Ltd., Berri, SA, Australia)66813.21.32508.82206643Fanta, orange soft drink (Coca Cola Amatil, Australia)68623.12.32508.82346844Lucozade, original (sparkling glucose drink) (Glaxo Wellcome Ltd., Uxbridge, Middlesex, UK)951039.92.82508.82429545Smoothie, raspberry (Con Agra Inc., Omaha, NE, USA)33913.52.72508.82413346Smoothie drink, soy, banana (So Natural Foods, Tarren Point, NSW, Australia)63036.61.52508.82223047Smoothie drink, soy, chocolate hazelnut (So Natural Foods, Australia)63438.51.72508.82253448Solo, lemon squash, soft drink (Cadbury Schweppes, Sydney, NSW, Australia)658516.81.92508.82295849Up & Go, cocoa malt flavor (soy milk, rice cereal liquid breakfast)6 (Sanitarium Health Foods, Berkeley Vale, NSW, Australia)43511.21.72508.82264351Up & Go, original malt flavor (soy milk, rice cereal liquid breakfast)6 (Sanitarium Health Foods, Australia)46511.01.62508.82244653Xpress, chocolate (soy bean, cereal and legume extract drink with fructose)6 (So Natural Foods, Australia)39213.32.32508.82343955Juices56Apple juice57Apple juice, pure, unsweetened, reconstituted (Berri Ltd., Berri, SA, Australia)3950.00.03958Apple juice, unsweetened400.00.04059Apple juice, unsweetened (Allens, Toronto, Canada)410.00.04160mean of three studies40111.61.92508.82294061Apple juice, pure, clear, unsweetened (Wild About Fruit, Wandin, Vic, Australia)44213.22.02508.82304462Apple juice, pure, cloudy, unsweetened (Wild About Fruit, Australia)37310.41.92508.82283763Apple and cherry juice, pure, unsweetened (Wild About Fruit, Australia)43314.22.22508.82334364Carrot juice, freshly made (Sydney, Australia)64339.91.52508.82234365Cranberry juice cocktail (Ocean Spray, Melbourne, Vic, Australia)52316.12.12508.82315266Cranberry juice cocktail (Ocean Spray Inc., Lakeville-Middleboro, MA, USA)68324.52.42508.82366867Cranberry juice drink, Ocean Spray (Gerber Ltd., Bridgewater, Somerset, UK)56416.21.92508.82295668Grapefruit juice, unsweetened (Sunpac, Toronto, Canada)4810.61.52508.82224869Orange juice70Orange Juice (Canada)4660.00.04671Orange juice, unsweetened, reconstituted (Quelch, Berri Ltd., Carlton, Vic, Australia)5360.00.05372mean of two studies50413.01.72508.82265073Pineapple juice, unsweetened (Dole Packaged Foods, Toronto, Canada)4615.62.32508.82344674Tomato juice, canned, no added sugar (Berri Ltd., Berri, SA, Australia)63843.40.62508.8293875Yakult, fermented milk drink with Lactobacilus casei (Yakult, Dandenong, Vic, Australia)4665.50.8652.29124676Sports drinks77Gatorade (Spring Valley Beverages Pty Ltd., Cheltenham, Vic, Australia)781311.71.02508.82157878Isostar (Novartis Consumer Health, Nyon, Switzerland)701512.61.22508.82187079Sports Plus (Berri Ltd., Berri, SA, Australia)74612.61.12508.82177480Sustagen Sport (Mead Johnson, Rydalmere, NSW, Australia)43921.13.32508.82494381Drinks made from drinking mix powders82Build-Up nutrient-fortified drink, vanilla with fiber, (Nestl, Sydney, NSW, Australia)41413.52.22508.82334183Complete Hot Chocolate mix made with hot water (Nestl, Australia)51311.71.52508.82235184Hi-Pro energy drink mix, vanilla, containing soy protein and whey powder (Harrod foods, Sefton, NSW, Australia) mixed in reduced-fat (1.5%) cow's milk3636.81.32508.82193686Malted milk powder in full-fat cow's milk (Nestl, Australia)45311.71.72508.82264587Milo (chocolate nutrient-fortified drink powder)88Milo (Nestl, Australia) dissolved in water5538.81.12508.82165589Milo (Nestl, Auckland, New Zealand) dissolved in water5258.31.12508.82165290mean of two studies5420.00.05491Milo (Nestl, Australia) dissolved in full-fat cow's milk3528.81.72508.82253592Milo (Nestl, New Zealand) dissolved in full-fat cow's milk3639.41.72508.82263693mean of two studies3610.00.03694Nutrimeal, meal replacement drink, Dutch Chocolate (Usana, Salt Lake City, UT, USA)2634.41.12508.82172695Quik (sweet drink powder)96Quik, chocolate (Nestl, Sydney, NSW, Australia), dissolved in water5353.70.52508.8275397Quik, chocolate (Nestl, Australia), dissolved in 1.5% fat milk4144.50.72508.82114198Quik, strawberry (Nestl, Australia), dissolved in water6485.10.52508.8286499Quik, strawberry (Nestl, Australia), dissolved in 1.5% fat milk3534.20.82508.821235Back to Top101BREADS102Bagel, white, frozen (Lender's Bakery, Montreal, Canada)7225.22.3702.473572103Baguette, white, plain (France)951514.31.0301.061595104French baguette with chocolate spread (France)72826.62.5702.473772105French baguette with butter and strawberry jam (France)62725.42.7702.474162106Pain au lait (Pasquier, France)631020.22.1602.123263107Bread stuffing, Paxo (Campbell Soup Co Ltd., Toronto, Canada)7415.51.4301.062174108Barley Breads109Coarse barley kernel bread, 75-80% kernels11075% kernels275.41.3301.06202711180% scalded intact kernels (20% white wheat flour)346.81.3301.06203411280% intact kernels (20% white wheat flour)408.01.3301.062040113mean of three studies3440.00.034114Barley kernel bread, 50% kernels11550% kernels (Canada)438.61.3301.06204311650% kibbled barley (Australia)489.61.3301.062048117mean of two studies4629.21.3301.062046118Sunflower and barley bread (Riga bakeries, Sydney, NSW, Australia)5766.30.7301.061157119Barley flour breads120100% barley flour (rye bread composition) (Canada)678.70.9301.061367121Wholemeal barley flour (80%) bread (20% white wheat flour) (Sweden)6713.41.3301.062067122Wholemeal barley bread, flat, thin, soft (50% regular barley flour, 50% high-fibre barley flour) (Sweden)507.51.0301.061550124Wholemeal barley bread, flat, thin, soft (20% regular barley flour, 80% high-fibre barley flour) (Sweden)434.70.7301.061143126Wholemeal barley flour (80%) and white wheat flour (20%) breads - fermented or with added organic acids or salts (Sweden)128Wholemeal barley flour bread (used as reference for the 5 breads below)57014.01.3301.062070129Wholemeal barley flour bread with sourdough (lactic acid)55310.61.3301.062053130Wholemeal barley flour bread with lactic acid56612.51.3301.061966131Wholemeal barley flour bread with calcium lactate55911.81.3301.062059132Wholemeal barley flour bread with sodium propionate56513.01.3301.062065133Wholemeal barley flour bread with higher dose sodium propionate55710.81.3301.061957134Buckwheat bread135Buckwheat bread, 50% dehusked buckwheat groats and 50% white wheat flour (Sweden)479.91.4301.062147136Fruit Breads137Brgen Fruit loaf (Tip Top Bakeries, Chatswood, NSW, Australia)4455.70.9301.061344138Fruit and Spice Loaf, thick sliced (Buttercup bakeries, Moorebank, NSW, Australia)5468.11.0301.061554139Continental fruit loaf, wheat bread with dried fruit (Australia)4767.11.0301.061547140Happiness (cinnamon, raisin, pecan bread) (Natural Ovens, Mannitowoc, WI, USA)6358.80.9301.061463141Muesli bread, made from packet mix in bread making machine (Con Agra Inc., USA)5466.50.8301.061254142Hamburger bun (Loblaw's, Toronto, Canada)619.21.0301.061561143Kaiser rolls (Loblaw's, Canada)7311.71.1301.061673144Melba toast, Old London (Best Foods Canada Inc., Etobicoke, Canada)7016.11.5301.062370145Gluten-free bread146Gluten-free multigrain bread (Country Life Bakeries, Dandenong, Vic, Australia)791310.30.9301.061379147Gluten-free white bread, unsliced (gluten-free wheat starch) (UK)7110.71.0301.061571148Gluten-free white bread, sliced (gluten-free wheat starch) (UK)8012.01.0301.061580149mean of two studies76511.41.0301.061576150Gluten-free fiber-enriched, unsliced (gluten-free wheat starch, soya bran) (UK)699.00.9301.061369151Gluten-free fiber-enriched, sliced (gluten-free wheat starch, soya bran) (UK)769.90.9301.061376152mean of two studies7349.50.9301.061373153Oat Bread154Coarse oat kernel bread, 80% intact oat kernels and 20% white wheat flour (Sweden)6512.41.3301.061965155Oat bran bread15650% oat bran (Australia)447.91.2301.06184415745% oat bran and 50% wheat flour (Sweden)509.01.2301.061850158mean of two studies4738.51.2301.061847159Rice bread160Rice bread, low-amylose Calrose rice (Pav's Allergy Bakery, Ingleburn, NSW, Australia)7298.60.8301.061272161Rice bread, high-amylose Doongara rice (Pav's Allergy Bakery, Australia)6197.30.8301.061261162Rye Bread163Rye kernel (pumpernickel) bread164Coarse rye kernel bread, 80% intact kernels and 20% white wheat flour (Sweden)414.90.8301.061241165Rye kernel bread (Pumpernickel) (Canada)414.90.8301.061241166Wholegrain pumpernickel (Holtzheuser Brothers Ltd., Toronto, Canada)465.10.7301.061146167Rye kernel bread, Pumpernickel (80% kernels) (Canada)556.60.8301.061255168Cocktail, sliced (Kasselar Food Products, Toronto, Canada)556.60.8301.061255169Cocktail, sliced (Kasselar Food Products, Canada)627.40.8301.061262170mean of six studies5046.00.8301.061250171Rye bread, wholemeal172Wholemeal rye bread (Canada)410.00.041173Wholemeal rye bread (Canada)620.00.062174Wholemeal rye bread (Canada)630.00.063175Wholemeal rye bread (Canada)660.00.066176mean of four studies5868.10.9301.061458177Rye breads, specialty178Blackbread, Riga (Berzin's Specialty Bakery, Sydney, NSW, Australia)76149.90.9301.061376179Brgen Dark/Swiss rye (Tip Top Bakeries, Australia)55120.00.055180Brgen Dark/Swiss rye (Tip Top Bakeries, Australia)7460.00.074181mean of two studies65106.50.7301.061065182Klosterbrot wholemeal rye bread (Dimpflmeier Bakery Ltd., Canada)678.70.9301.061367183Light rye (Silverstein's Bakery, Toronto, Canada)689.50.9301.061468184Linseed rye (Rudolph's Specialty Bakery Ltd., Toronto, Canada)557.20.9301.061355185Roggenbrot, Vogel's (Stevns & Co, Sydney, NSW, Australia)5958.30.9301.061459186Schinkenbrot, Riga (Berzin's Specialty Bakery, Sydney, NSW, Australia)861512.00.9301.061486187Sourdough rye (Canada)570.00.057188Sourdough rye (Australia)480.00.048189mean of two studies5356.40.8301.061253190Volkornbrot, wholemeal rye bread (Dimpflmeier Bakery Ltd., Canada)567.30.9301.061356191Wheat Breads192Coarse wheat kernel bread, 80% intact kernels and 20% white wheat flour (Sweden)5210.41.3301.062052193Cracked wheat kernel - bulgur bread19450% cracked wheat kernel (Canada)5811.61.3301.06205819575% cracked wheat kernels (Canada)489.61.3301.062048196mean of two studies53310.61.3301.062053197Spelt wheat breads198White spelt wheat bread9 (Slovenia)7417.01.5301.062374199Wholemeal spelt wheat bread9 (Slovenia)6312.01.3301.061963200Scalded spelt wheat kernel bread9 (Slovenia)6714.71.5301.062267201Spelt multigrain bread (Pav's bakery, Australia)54106.50.8301.061254202White wheat flour bread203White flour (Canada)6959.70.9301.061469204White flour (USA)709.80.9301.061470205White flour, Sunblest (Tip Top Bakeries, Australia)709.80.9301.061470206White flour (Dempster's Corporate Foods Ltd., Canada)719.90.9301.061471207White flour (South Africa)7179.20.9301.061371208White flour (Canada)719.90.9301.061471209mean of six studies7009.80.9301.061470210White wheat flour bread, hard, toasted (Italian)7311.01.0301.061573211Wonder, enriched white bread (Interstate Brands Companies, Kansas City, MO, USA)7190.00.071212Wonder, enriched white bread (Interstate Brands Companies, USA)7240.00.072213Wonder, enriched white bread (Interstate Brands Companies, USA)7730.00.077214mean of three studies73210.20.9301.061473215White Turkish bread (Turkey)8714.81.1301.061787216White bread with enzyme inhibitors217White bread + acarbose (200mg) (Mexico)183.11.1301.061718218White bread + acarbose (200mg) (Mexico)508.51.1301.061750219mean in two groups of subjects34165.81.1301.061734220White bread roll + 3 mg trestatin (pancreatic alpha-amylase inhibitor) (Switzerland)5485.80.8301.061248221White bread roll + 6 mg trestatin (Switzerland)5293.50.8301.061229222White bread with soluble fiber223White bread + 15 g psyllium fiber (Plantago psyllium) (Mexico)417.01.1301.061741224White bread + 15 g psyllium fiber (Plantago psyllium) (Mexico)6511.11.1301.061765225mean in two groups of subjects53129.01.1301.061753226White bread eaten with vinegar as vinaigrette (Sweden)456.81.0301.061545227White bread eaten with powdered dried seaweed (Nori alga) (Spain)487.21.0301.061548228White bread containing Eurylon high-amylose maize starch (France)12428.01.3301.061942229White fiber-enriched bread230White, high-fiber (Dempster's Corporate Foods Ltd., Canada)670.00.067231White, high-fiber (Weston's Bakery, Toronto, Canada)690.00.069232mean of two studies6818.80.9301.061368233White resistant starch-enriched bread234Fibre White (Nature's Fresh, Auckland, New Zealand)771011.61.0301.061577235Wonderwhite (Buttercup Bakeries, Australia)80811.20.9301.061480236Wholemeal wheat flour bread (whole wheat)237Wholemeal flour (Canada)526.20.8301.061252238Wholemeal flour (Canada)647.70.8301.061264239Wholemeal flour (Canada)657.80.8301.061265240Wholemeal flour (Canada)678.00.8301.061267241Wholemeal flour (Canada)678.00.8301.061267242Wholemeal flour (Canada)698.30.8301.061269243Wholemeal flour (Canada)718.50.8301.061271244Wholemeal flour (Canada)7268.60.8301.061272245Wholemeal flour (USA)57310.20.9301.061473246Wholemeal flour (South Africa)7599.80.9301.061375247Wholemeal flour (Tip Top Bakeries, Australia)7799.20.8301.061277248Wholemeal flour (Tip Top Bakeries, Australia)78169.40.8301.061278249Wholemeal flour (Kenya)8711.30.9301.061387250mean of thirteen studies71 29.20.9301.061371251Wholemeal Turkish bread497.81.1301.061649252Specialty wheat breads253Brgen Mixed Grain bread (Australia)254Brgen Mixed Grain (Tip Top Bakeries, Chatswood, NSW, Australia)3440.00.034255Brgen Mixed Grain45120.00.045256Brgen Mixed Grain6960.00.069257mean of three studies49105.40.7301.061149258Brgen Oat Bran & Honey Loaf with Barley (Tip Top Bakeries, Australia)3133.10.7301.061031259Brgen Soy-Lin, kibbled soy (8%) and linseed (8%) loaf (Tip Top Bakeries, Australia)3643.20.6301.06936260English Muffin bread (Natural Ovens, USA)77710.80.9301.061477261Healthy Choice Hearty 7 Grain (Con Agra Inc., USA)5567.70.9301.061455262Healthy Choice Hearty 100% Whole Grain (Con Agra Inc., USA)6268.70.9301.061462263Helga's Classic Seed Loaf (Quality Bakers, Sydney, NSW, Australia)6899.50.9301.061468264Helga's traditional wholemeal bread (Quality Bakers, Australia)70149.10.9301.061370265Hunger Filler, whole grain bread (Natural Ovens, USA)5987.70.9301.061359266Molenberg (Goodman Fielder, Auckland, New Zealand)75100.00.075267Molenberg (Goodman Fielder, New Zealand)8480.00.084268mean of two studies80511.20.9301.0614802699-Grain Multi-Grain (Tip Top Bakeries, Australia)4356.00.9301.061443270Multigrain Loaf, spelt wheat flour (Australia)54108.11.0301.061554271Multigrain (50% kibbled wheat grain) (Australia)436.00.9301.061443272Nutty Natural, whole grain bread (Natural Ovens, USA)5977.10.8301.061259273Performax (Country Life Bakeries, Dandenong, Vic, Australia)3834.90.9301.061338274Ploughman's Wholegrain, original recipe (Quality Bakers, Australia)476.60.9301.061447275Ploughman's Wholemeal, smooth milled (Quality Bakers, Australia)64108.30.9301.061364276Semolina Bread (Kenya)640.00.064277Sourdough wheat (Australia)547.60.9301.061454278Soy & Linseed bread (made from packet mix in bread maker) (Con Agra Inc., USA)5065.00.7301.061050279Stay Trim, whole grain bread (Natural Ovens, USA)701010.51.0301.061570280Sunflower & Barley bread, Riga brand (Berzin's Specialty Bakery, Australia)5767.40.9301.061357281Vogel's Honey & Oats (Stevns & Co., Sydney, NSW, Australia)5557.70.9301.061455282Vogel's Roggenbrot (Stevns & Co., Australia)5958.30.9301.061459283Whole-wheat snack bread (Ryvita Co Ltd., Poole, Dorset, UK)7416.31.5301.062274284100% Whole Grain bread (Natural Ovens, USA)51116.60.9301.061351285White wheat flour flatbread (Sweden)7912.61.1301.061679286Unleavened Breads287Lebanese bread, white (Seda Bakery, Sydney, NSW, Australia)75912.01.1301.061675288Middle Eastern flatbread972915.51.1301.061697289Pita bread, white (Canada)579.71.1301.061757290Wheat flour flatbread (India)66910.61.1301.061666291Amaranth : wheat (25:75) composite flour flatbread (India)66109.91.0301.061566292Amaranth : wheat (50:50) composite flour flatbread (India)762011.41.0301.061576Back to Top294BREAKFAST CEREALS AND RELATED PRODUCTS295All-Bran (high-fiber, extruded wheat bran cereal)296All-Bran (Kellogg's, Pagewood, NSW, Australia)13304.51.0301.061530297All-Bran (Kellogg's, Battle Creek, MI, USA)388.71.5301.062338298All-Bran (Kellogg's Inc., Etobicoke, Canada)5011.51.5301.062350299All-Bran (Kellogg's Inc., Canada)51511.71.5301.062351300mean of four studies4250.00.042301All-Bran Fruit 'n Oats (Kellogg's, Australia)396.61.1301.061739302All-Bran Soy 'n Fibre (Kellogg's, Australia)3334.60.9301.061433303Amaranth (Amaranthus esculentum) popped, eaten with milk and non-nutritive sweetener (India)971918.41.3301.061997305Barley porridge306Wholemeal barley flour porridge (100% regular barley) (flour:water = 1:3), boiled 2.5 min (Sweden)6823.12.350 (dry)1.763468308Wholemeal high-fibre barley flour porridge (50% regular barley flour: 50% high-fibre barley flour) (Sweden)558.31.050 (dry)1.761555310Barley porridge made from steamed thin (0.5 mm) dehulled barley flakes (Sweden)6217.41.950 (dry)1.762862311Barley porridge made from steamed thick (1.0 mm) dehulled barley flakes (Sweden)6518.21.950 (dry)1.762865312Bran Buds (Kellogg's Inc., Canada)15587.00.8301.061258313Bran Buds with psyllium (Kellogg's Inc., Canada)15475.60.8301.061247314Bran Chex (Nabisco Brands Ltd., Toronto, Canada)155811.01.3301.061958315Bran Flakes (Kellogg's, Australia)7413.31.2301.061874316Cheerios (General Mills Inc., Etobicoke, Canada)157414.81.3301.062074317Chocapic (Nestl, France)84921.01.7301.062584318Coco Pops (cocoa flavoured puffed rice)319Coco Pops (Kellogg's, Australia)7780.00.077320Coco Pops (Kellogg's, Australia)7730.00.077321mean of two studies7720.01.7301.062677322Corn Bran (Quaker Oats Co. of Canada, Peterborough, Canada)157515.01.3301.062075323Corn Chex (Nabisco Brands Ltd., Canada)158320.81.7301.062583324Cornflakes325Cornflakes (Kellogg's, Auckland, New Zealand)721618.01.7301.062572326Cornflakes (Kellogg's, Australia)7719.31.7301.062577327Cornflakes (Kellogg's Inc., Canada)80620.81.7301.062680328Cornflakes (Kellogg's Inc., Canada)8622.41.7301.062686329Cornflakes (Kellogg's, USA)59223.91.7301.062692330mean of five studies81321.11.7301.062681331Cornflakes, high-fiber (Presidents Choice, Sunfresh Ltd., Toronto, Canada)157417.01.5301.062374332Cornflakes, Crunchy Nut (Kellogg's, Australia)72417.31.6301.062472333Corn Pops (Kellogg's, Australia)80420.81.7301.062680334Cream of Wheat (Nabisco Brands Ltd., Canada)156617.21.72508.822666335Cream of Wheat, Instant (Nabisco Brands Ltd., Canada)157422.22.02508.823074336Crispix (Kellogg's Inc., Canada)158721.81.7301.062587337Energy Mix (Quaker, France)80719.21.6301.062480338Froot Loops (Kellogg's, Australia)69917.91.7301.062669339Frosties, sugar-coated cornflakes (Kellogg's, Australia)5514.31.7301.062655340Fruitful Lite (Hubbards, Auckland, New Zealand)612012.21.3301.062061341Fruity-Bix, berry (Sanitarium, Auckland, New Zealand)1131024.91.5301.0622113342Golden Grahams (General Mills Inc., Canada)157117.81.7301.062571343Golden Wheats (Kellogg's, Australia)71816.31.5301.062371344Grapenuts345Grapenuts (Post, Kraft General Foods Inc., Toronto, Canada)156712.71.3301.061967346Grapenuts (Kraft Foods Inc., Port Chester, NY, USA)75616.51.5301.062275347mean of two studies71414.91.4301.062171348Grapenuts Flakes (Post, Kraft General Foods Inc., Canada)158017.61.5301.062280349Guardian (Kellogg's, Australia)3794.40.8301.061237350Healthwise for bowel health (Uncle Toby's, Wahgunyah, Vic, Australia)66911.91.2301.061866351Healthwise for heart health (Uncle Toby's, Australia)4859.11.3301.061948352Honey Rice Bubbles (Kellogg's, Australia)77420.81.8301.062777353Honey Smacks (Kellogg's, Australia)711016.31.5301.062371354Hot cereal, apple & cinnamon (Con Agra Inc., USA)3768.11.5301.062237355Hot cereal, unflavoured (Con Agra Inc., USA)2554.81.3301.061925356Just Right (Kellogg's, Australia)601513.21.5301.062260357Just Right Just Grains (Kellogg's, Australia)621114.31.5301.062362358Komplete (Kellogg's, Australia)48510.11.4301.062148359Life (Quaker Oats Co., Canada)156616.51.7301.062566360Mini Wheats, whole wheat (Kellogg's, Australia)58812.21.4301.062158361Mini Wheats, blackcurrant (Kellogg's, Australia)721015.11.4301.062172362Muesli363Muesli, NS8 (Canada)66915.81.6301.062466364Alpen Muesli (Wheetabix, France)551010.51.3301.061955365Muesli, gluten-free (Freedom Foods, Cheltenham, Vic, Australia) with 1.5% fat milk3967.41.3301.061939366Muesli, Lite (Sanitarium, New Zealand)54129.71.2301.061854367Muesli, Natural (Sanitarium, New Zealand)57910.81.3301.061957368Muesli, Natural (Sanitarium, Australia)4067.61.3301.061940369mean of two studies4999.81.3301.062049370Muesli, No Name (Sunfresh Ltd., Toronto, Canada)156010.81.2301.061860371Muesli, Swiss Formula (Uncle Toby's, Australia)5689.01.1301.061656372Muesli, toasted (Purina, Sydney, NSW, Australia)4347.31.1301.061743373Nutrigrain (Kellogg's, Australia)66129.91.0301.061566374Oat 'n Honey Bake (Kellogg's, Australia)771113.11.1301.061777375Oat bran376Oat bran, raw (Quaker Oats Co., Canada)15502.50.3100.35550377Oat bran, raw593.00.3100.35559378mean of two studies5552.80.3100.35555379Porridge made from rolled oats380Porridge (Uncle Toby's, Australia)13428.81.42508.822142381Porridge (Canada)1649811.31.52508.822349382Traditional porridge oats (Lowan Whole Foods, Box Hill, Vic, Australia)51810.71.42508.822151383Porridge (Hubbards, New Zealand)58912.21.42508.822158384Porridge (Australia)58412.21.42508.822158385Porridge (Canada)6214.31.52508.822362386Porridge (Canada)6915.91.52508.822369387Porridge (USA)67517.31.52508.822375388mean of eight studies58412.81.52508.822258389Wholemeal oat flour porridge (flour:water = 1:3), boiled 2.5 min (Sweden)7423.72.150 (dry)1.763274390Oat porridge made from thick (1.0 mm) dehulled oat flakes (Sweden)5514.91.82508.822755391Oat porridge made from roasted thin (0.5 mm) dehulled oat flakes (Sweden)6918.61.82508.822769392Oat porridge made from roasted thick (1.0 mm) dehulled oat flakes (Sweden)5013.51.82508.822750393Oat porridge made from roasted and steamed thin (0.5 mm) dehulled oat flakes (Sweden)8021.61.82508.822780394Oat porridge made from steamed thick (1.0 mm) dehulled oat flakes (Sweden)5314.31.82508.822753395Instant Porridge396Quick Oats (Quaker Oats Co., Canada)650.00.065397One Minute Oats (Quaker Oats Co., Canada)15660.00.066398mean of two studies66117.21.72508.822666399Pop Tarts, Double Chocolate (Kellogg's, Australia)70225.22.4501.763670400Pro Stars (General Mills Inc., Canada)157117.01.6301.062471401Puffed Wheat402Puffed Wheat (Quaker Oats Co., Canada)156713.41.3301.062067403Puffed Wheat (Sanitarium, Australia)801116.81.4301.062180404mean of two studies74715.51.4301.062174405Raisin Bran (Kellogg's, USA)61511.61.3301.061961406Red River Cereal (Maple Leaf Mills, Toronto, Canada)4910.81.5301.062249407Rice Bran, extruded (Rice Growers Co-Operative Ltd., Leeton, NSW, Australia)1932.70.9301.061419408Rice Bubbles (puffed rice)409Rice Bubbles (Kellogg's, Australia)13810.00.081410Rice Bubbles (Kellogg's, Australia)8530.00.085411Rice Bubbles (Kellogg's, Australia)950.00.095412mean of three studies87422.61.7301.062687413Rice Chex (Nabisco Brands Ltd., Canada)158923.11.7301.062689414Rice Krispies (Kellogg's Inc., Canada)158221.31.7301.062682415Shredded Wheat416Shredded Wheat (Canada)671013.41.3301.062067417Shredded Wheat (Nabisco Brands Ltd., Canada)158316.61.3301.062083418mean of two studies75815.01.3301.062075419Special K - formulation of this cereal varies in different countries420Special K (Kellogg's, Australia)54411.31.4301.062154421Special K (Kellogg's, USA)69514.51.4301.062169422Special K (Kellogg's, France)841220.21.6301.062484423Soy Tasty (flaked grains, soy nuts, dried fruit) (Sanitarium, Australia)60512.01.3301.062060424Soytana, Vogel's, soy and linseed bran crunch with sultanas (20.1 g fiber per 100 g), (Specialty Cereals, Mt Kuring-gai, NSW, Australia)49312.31.7451.592549426Sultana Bran (Kellogg's, Australia)731313.91.3301.061973427Sustain (Kellogg's, Australia)136815.01.5301.062268428Team (Nabisco Brands Ltd., Canada)158218.01.5301.062282429Thank Goodness (Hubbards, New Zealand)651815.01.5301.062365430Total (General Mills Inc., Canada)157616.71.5301.062276431Ultra-bran, Vogel's, soy and linseed extruded wheat bran cereal (30.2 g fiber per 100 g) (Specialty Cereals, Australia)4145.30.9301.061341433Wheat-bites (Uncle Toby's, Australia)721118.01.7301.062572434Wheat biscuits (plain flaked wheat)435Vita-Brits (Uncle Toby's, Australia)136112.21.3301.062061436Vita-Brits (Uncle Toby's, Australia)68613.61.3301.062068437Weet-Bix (Sanitarium, Australia)6911.71.1301.061769438Weet-Bix (Sanitarium, Australia)69411.71.1301.061769439Weetabix (Weetabix of Canada Ltd., Thornhill, Canada)157416.31.5301.062274440Weetabix (Weetabix of Canada Ltd.)751016.51.5301.062275441Whole wheat Goldies (Kellogg's, Australia)70414.01.3301.062070442mean of seven studies70213.31.3301.061970443Wheat biscuits (flaked wheat) with additional ingredients444Good Start, muesli wheat biscuits (Sanitarium, Australia)68413.61.3301.062068445Hi-Bran Weet-Bix, wheat biscuits with extra wheat bran (Sanitarium, Australia)61410.41.1301.061761446Hi-Bran Weet-Bix with soy and linseed (Sanitarium, Australia)5739.11.1301.061657447Honey Goldies (Kellogg's Australia)72315.11.4301.062172448Lite-Bix, plain, no added sugar (Sanitarium, Australia)70314.01.3301.062070449Oat bran Weet-Bix (Sanitarium, Australia)57411.41.3301.062057450Sultana Goldies (Kellogg's Australia)65613.71.4301.062165Back to Top452BREAKFAST CEREAL BARS453Crunchy Nut Cornflakes bar (Kellogg's, Australia)72618.71.7301.062672454Fibre Plus bar (Uncle Toby's, Australia)78917.91.5301.062378455Fruity-Bix bar, fruit and nut, wheat biscuit cereal with dried fruit and nuts with yoghurt coating (Sanitarium, Australia)56410.61.3301.061956457Fruity-Bix bar, wild berry, wheat biscuit cereal with fruit and covered with yoghurt coating (Sanitarium, Australia)5149.71.3301.061951459K-Time Just Right bar (Kellogg's, Australia)72417.31.6301.062472460K-Time Strawberry Crunch bar (Kellogg's, Australia)77519.31.7301.062577461Rice Bubble Treat bar (Kellogg's, Australia)631115.11.6301.062463462Sustain bar (Kellogg's, Australia)571014.31.7301.062557Back to Top464CEREAL / GRAINS465Amaranth466Amaranth (Amaranthus esculentum) popped, eaten with milk and non-nutritive sweetener (India)971921.31.5301.062297468Barley469Pearl Barley470Barley, pearled (Canada)220.00.022471Barley (Canada)220.00.022472Barley, pot, boiled in salted water 20 min (Gouda's foods, Concord, Canada)2520.00.025473Barley (Canada)270.00.027474Barley, pearled (Canada)290.00.029475mean of five studies25110.52.81505.294225476Barley (Hordeum vulgare) (India)370.00.037477Barley (Hordeum vulgare) (India)480.00.048478mean of two groups of subjects43618.12.81505.294243479Barley, cracked (Malthouth, Tunisia)5021.02.81505.294250480Barley, rolled (Australia)66525.12.550 (dry)1.763866481Buckwheat482Buckwheat (Canada)490.00.049483Buckwheat (Canada)51100.00.051484Buckwheat (Canada)630.00.063485mean of three studies54416.22.01505.293054486Buckwheat groats, hydrothermally treated, dehusked, boiled 12 min (Sweden)4513.52.01505.293045487Corn/Maize488Maize (Zea Mays), flour made into chapatti (India)590.00.059489Maize meal porridge/gruel (Kenya)1090.00.0109490Cornmeal491Cornmeal, boiled in salted water 2 min (McNair Products Co. Ltd., Toronto, Canada)688.80.91505.291368492Cornmeal + margarine (McNair Products Co. Ltd., Canada)698.30.81505.291269493mean of two studies6919.00.91505.291369494Sweet corn495Sweet corn, 'Honey & Pearl' variety (New Zealand)371211.12.01505.293037496Sweet corn, on the cob, boiled 20 min (Australia)4814.42.01505.293048497Sweet corn (Canada)591119.52.21505.293359498Sweet corn (USA)6019.82.21505.293360499Sweet corn (USA)6019.82.21505.293360500Sweet corn (South Africa)62520.52.21505.293362501mean of six studies53417.02.11505.293253502Sweet corn, whole kernel, canned, diet-pack, drained (Featherweight, USA)4612.91.91505.292846503Sweet corn, frozen, reheated in microwave (Green Giant Pillsbury Ltd., Toronto, Canada)4715.52.21505.293347505Taco shells, cornmeal-based, baked (Old El Paso Foods Co., Toronto, Canada)688.20.8200.711268506Couscous507Couscous, boiled 5 min (Near East Food Products Co., Leominster, MA, USA)610.00.061508Couscous, boiled 5 min (Tunisia)690.00.069509mean of two studies65422.82.31505.293565510Millet511Millet, boiled (Canada)711025.62.41505.293671512Millet flour porridge (Kenya)1070.00.0107513Rice, white514Arborio, risotto rice, boiled (Sun Rice brand, Rice Growers Co-Op., Australia)69736.63.51505.295369515White (Oryza sativa), boiled (India)691529.72.91505.294369516Rice, boiled white, type NS8517Type NS, eaten alone (France)4513.52.01505.293045518Type NS (India)4818.22.51505.293848519Type NS (Canada)5121.42.81505.294251520Type NS (France)5218.72.41505.293652521Type NS (Canada)5623.52.81505.294256522Type NS (Pakistan)6926.22.51505.293869523Type NS (Canada)72930.22.81505.294272524Type NS, boiled in salted water (India)7227.42.51505.293872525Type NS, boiled 13 min (Italy)10230.62.01505.2930102526Type NS (Kenya)11247.02.81505.2942112527Type NS, boiled (France)4312.92.01505.293043528Type NS, boiled (France)4714.12.01505.293047529mean of 12 studies64723.02.41505.293664530Type NS, boiled in salted water, refrigerated 16-20h, reheated (India)5320.12.51505.293853531Type NS, boiled 13 min, then baked 10 min (Italy)10431.22.01505.2930104532Long grain, boiled533Long grain, boiled 5 min (Canada)4116.42.71505.294041534Long grain, white, unconverted, boiled 15 min (Mahatma brand, Riviana Foods, Wetherill Park, NSW, Australia )5021.52.91505.294350536Gem long grain (Dainty Food Inc., Toronto, Canada)5522.02.71505.294055537Long grain, white (Uncle Bens, Auckland, New Zealand)56724.12.91505.294356538Long grain, boiled 25 min (Surinam)56224.12.91505.294356539Gem long grain (Dainty Food Inc., Canada)5722.82.71505.294057540Long grain, boiled 15 min5823.22.71505.294058541Gem long grain (Dainty Food Inc., Canada)6024.02.71505.294060542Gem long grain (Dainty Food Inc., Canada)6024.02.71505.294060543Long grain, white, boiled 7 min (Star brand, Gouda foods, Concord, Canada)64325.62.71505.294064544mean of 10 studies56223.02.71505.294156545Rice, long grain, quick-cooking varieties546Long grain, parboiled 10 min cooking time (Uncle Ben's, Masterfoods, Belgium)68625.22.51505.293768547Long grain, parboiled, 20 min cooking time (Uncle Ben's, Masterfoods, Belgium)75727.82.51505.293775548Long grain, white, pre-cooked, microwaved 2 min (Express Rice, plain, Uncle Ben's, Masterfoods King's Lynn, Norfolk, UK)52519.22.51505.293752550Rice, specialty rices551Cajun Style, Uncle Ben's (Effem Foods Ltd., Bolton, Canada)5118.92.51505.293751552Garden Style, Uncle Ben's (Effem Foods Ltd., Canada)5520.42.51505.293755553Long Grain and Wild, Uncle Ben's (Effem Foods Ltd., Canada)5420.02.51505.293754554Mexican Fast and Fancy, Uncle Ben's (Effem Foods Ltd., Canada)5821.52.51505.293758555Saskatchewan wild rice (Canada)5718.22.11505.293257556Broken rice, white, cooked in rice cooker (Lion Foods, Bangkok, Thailand)861037.02.91505.294386557Glutinous rice, white, cooked in rice cooker (Bangsue Chia Meng Rice Mill, Bangkok, Thailand)98731.42.11505.293298558Jasmine rice, white long grain, cooked in rice cooker (Golden World Foods, Bangkok, Thailand)1091045.82.81505.2942109559Rice, white low-amylose560Calrose, white, medium grain, boiled (Rice Growers Co-op., Australia)831335.72.91505.294383561Sungold, Pelde, parboiled (Rice Growers Co-op., Australia)87737.42.91505.294387562Waxy (0-2% amylose) (Rice Growers Co-op., Australia)881137.82.91505.294388563Pelde, white (Rice Growers Co-op., Australia)931140.02.91505.294393564White, low-amylose, boiled (Turkey)13959.82.91505.2943139565Rice, white high-amylose566Bangladeshi rice variety BR16 (28% amylose)3714.42.61505.293937567Bangladeshi rice variety BR16, white, long-grain (27% amylose), boiled 17.5 min3915.22.61505.293939568mean of two studies3814.82.61505.293938569Doongara, white (Rice Growers Co-op., Australia)5060.00.050570Doongara, white (Rice Growers Co-op., Australia)6490.00.064571Doongara, white (Rice Growers Co-op., Australia)5470.00.054572mean of three studies56421.82.61505.293956573Koshikari (Japonica), white, short-grain, boiled 15 min then steamed 10 min (Japan)48818.22.51505.293848574Basmati575Basmati, white, boiled (Mahatma brand, Sydney, NSW, Australia)58822.02.51505.293858576Precooked basmati rice in pouch, white, reheated in microwave, Uncle Ben's Express (Masterfoods. Kings Lynn, Norfolk, UK)57423.42.71505.294157578Quick cooking white basmati, cooked 10 min, Uncle Ben's Superior (Masterfoods Olen, Belgium)60522.82.51505.293860579Rice, brown580Brown (Canada)66521.82.21505.293366581Brown, steamed (USA)55016.52.21505.293350582Brown (Oriza Sativa), boiled (South India)5501916.52.21505.293350583mean of three studies55518.22.21505.293355584Calrose brown (Rice Growers Co-op., Australia)87833.12.51505.293887585Doongara brown, high amylose (Rice Growers Co-op., Australia)66724.42.51505.293766586Pelde brown (Rice Growers Co-op., Australia)76628.92.51505.293876587Parboiled, cooked 20 min, Uncle Ben's Natur-reis (Masterfoods Olen, Belgium)64723.02.41505.293664588Sunbrown Quick (Rice Growers Co-op., Australia)80730.42.51505.293880589Instant/puffed rice590Instant rice, white, boiled 1 min (Canada)4619.32.81505.294246591Instant rice, white, cooked 6 min (Trice brand, Australia)8736.52.81505.294287592Puffed, white, cooked 5 min, Uncle Ben's Snabbris (Masterfoods Olen, Belgium)74531.12.81505.294274593mean of three studies691229.02.81505.294269594Instant doongara, white, cooked 5 min (Rice Growers Co-op., Australia)94739.52.81505.294294595Parboiled rice596Parboiled rice (Canada)4817.32.41505.293648597Parboiled rice (USA)7225.92.41505.293672598Converted, white, Uncle Ben's (Effem Foods Ltd., Canada)4516.22.41505.293645599Converted, white, boiled 20-30 min, Uncle Ben's (Masterfoods USA, Vernon, CA)3813.72.41505.293638600Converted, white, long grain, boiled 20-30 min, Uncle Ben's (Masterfoods USA)5018.02.41505.293650601Boiled, 12 min (Denmark)63914.02.41505.293639602Boiled, 12 min (Denmark)4215.12.41505.293642603Boiled, 12 min (Denmark)4315.52.41505.293643604Boiled, 12 min (Denmark)4616.62.41505.293646605Long grain, boiled 5 min (Canada)3813.72.41505.293638606Long grain, boiled, 10 min (USA)56122.02.41505.293661607Long grain, boiled 15 min (Canada)4716.92.41505.293647608Long grain, boiled 25 min (Canada)4616.62.41505.293646609mean of thirteen studies47316.92.41505.293647610Parboiled rice, eaten as part of a traditional Indian meal (India)5990.00.099611Parboiled, low-amylose612Bangladeshi rice variety BR2, parboiled (12% amylose)5119.42.51505.293851613Parboiled, low-amylose, Pelde, Sungold (Rice Growers Co-op., Australia)87733.92.61505.293987614Parboiled, high-amylose615Parboiled, high-amylose (28%), Doongara (Rice Growers Co-op., Australia)50619.52.61505.293950616Bangladeshi rice variety BR16, parboiled (28% amylose)3513.02.51505.293735617Bangladeshi rice variety BR16, traditionally parboiled (27% amylose)3212.22.51505.293832618Bangladeshi rice variety BR16, pressure parboiled (27% amylose)2711.12.71505.294127619Bangladeshi rice variety BR4, parboiled (27% amylose)3312.52.51505.293833620Mean of 5 studies35413.72.61505.293935621Rye, whole kernels622Rye, whole kernels (Canada)2911.02.550 (dry)1.763829623Rye, whole kernels, pressure cooked (15 psi) 30 min in 2 L water (Canada)3412.92.550 (dry)1.763834624Rye, whole kernels (Canada)3914.82.550 (dry)1.763839625mean of three studies34312.92.550 (dry)1.763834626Wheat627Wheat, whole kernels628Wheat, whole kernels (Triticum aestivum) (India)1130911.42.550 (dry)1.763830629Wheat, whole kernels (Canada)4213.92.250 (dry)1.763342630Wheat, whole kernels, pressure cooked (15 psi) 30 min in 2 L water (Canada)4414.52.250 (dry)1.763344631Wheat, whole kernels (Canada)4815.82.250 (dry)1.763348632mean of four studies41313.92.350 (dry)1.763441633Wheat, type NS8 (India)9034.22.550 (dry)1.763890634Wheat, precooked kernels635Durum wheat, precooked, cooked 20 min (Ebly, Chateaudun, France)52419.22.550 (dry)1.763752636Durum wheat, precooked, cooked 10 min (Ebly, France)50516.52.250 (dry)1.763350637Durum wheat, precooked in pouch, reheated in microwave, Ebly Express (Ebly, France)40515.62.61254.413940638Quick cooking (White Wings, Sydney, NSW, Australia)541125.23.11505.294754639Semolina640Semolina, roasted at 105 C then gelatinised with water (India)5590.00.055641Semolina, steamed and gelatinised (India)54130.00.054642mean of two studies5516.10.71505.291155643Cracked wheat (bulgur/bourghul)644Bulgur, boiled (Canada)460.00.046645Bulgur, boiled in 800 mL water 20 min (Canada)460.00.046646Bulgur, boiled 20 min (Canada)460.00.046647Bulgur, boiled 20 min (Canada)530.00.053648mean of four studies48212.51.71505.292648650COOKIES651Arrowroot652Arrowroot (McCormicks's, Interbare Foods, Toronto, Canada)6312.61.3250.882063653Arrowroot plus (McCormicks's, Canada)6211.21.2250.881862654Milk Arrowroot (Arnotts, Sydney, NSW, Australia)69712.41.2250.881869655mean of three studies65212.41.3250.881965656Barquette Abricot (LU, Ris, Orangis, France)71622.72.1401.413271657Bebe Dobre Rano Chocolate (Opavia/LU, Czech Republic)57918.82.2501.763357658Bebe Dobre Rano Honey and Hazelnuts (Opavia/LU, Czech Republic)51917.32.3501.763451659Bebe Jemne Susenky (Opavia/LU, Czech Republic)671113.41.3250.882067Back to Top660COOKIES (DIGESTIVES)661Digestives (Canada)550.00.055662Digestives (Canada)5970.00.059663Digestives, Peak Freans (Nabisco Ltd., Toronto, Canada)620.00.062664mean of three studies5929.41.1250.881659665Digestives, gluten-free (maize starch) (Nutricia Dietary Care Ltd., Redish, Stockport, UK)589.91.1250.881758666Evergreen met Krenten (LU, Netherlands)661213.91.4381.342166667Golden Fruit (Griffin's Foods Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand)772513.11.1250.881777668Graham Wafers (Christie Brown & Co., Toronto, Canada)7413.31.2250.881874669Gran'Dia Banana, Oats and Honey (LU, Brazil)2856.41.5301.062328670Grany en-cas Abricot (LU, France)5568.81.1301.061655671Grany en-cas Fruits des bois (LU, France)5057.00.9301.061450672Grany Rush Apricot (LU, Netherlands)62312.41.3301.062062673Highland Oatmeal (Westons biscuits, Sydney, NSW, Australia)5589.91.2250.881855674Highland Oatcakes (Walker's Shortbread Ltd., Aberlour-on-Spey, Scotland)578.61.0250.881557675LU P'tit Djeuner Chocolat (LU, France)42514.32.3501.763442676LU P'tit Djeuner Miel et Ppites Chocolat (LU, France)45515.82.3501.763545677LU P'tit Djeuner Miel et Ppites Chocolat (LU, France)52318.22.3501.763552678LU P'tit Djeuner Miel et Ppites Chocolat (LU, France)49817.22.3501.763549679mean of three studies49217.22.3501.763549680Maltmeal wafer (Griffin's Foods Ltd., New Zealand)50108.51.1250.881750681Morning Coffee (Arnotts, Australia)79615.01.3250.881979682Nutrigrain Fruits des bois (Kellogg's, France)57413.11.5351.232357683Oatmeal (Canada)5449.21.1250.881754684Oro (Saiwa, Italy)61919.52.1401.413261685Oro (Saiwa, Italy)671721.42.1401.413267686mean of two studies64320.52.1401.413264687Petit LU Normand (LU, France)5139.71.3250.881951688Petit LU Roussillon (LU, France)4848.61.2250.881848689Prince Energie+ (LU, France)73512.41.1250.881773690Prince fourr chocolat (LU, France)5350.00.053691Prince fourr chocolat (LU, France)5050.00.050692mean of two studies52215.62.0451.593052693Prince Meganana Chocolate (LU, Spain)491217.62.4501.763649694Prince Petit Djeuner Vanille (LU, France and Spain)45616.22.4501.763645695Rich Tea (Canada)55410.51.3250.881955696Sabl des Flandres (LU, France)57108.61.0200.711557697Shortbread (Arnotts, Australia)64810.21.1250.881664698Shredded Wheatmeal (Arnotts, Australia)62411.21.2250.881862699Snack Right Fruit Slice (97% fat-free) (Arnott's, Australia)4538.61.3250.881945700Th (LU, France)4176.61.1200.711641701Vanilla Wafers (Christie Brown & Co., Canada)7713.91.2250.881877702Vritable Petit Beurre (LU, France)5189.21.2250.881851Back to Top704CRACKERS705Breton wheat crackers (Dare Foods Ltd., Kitchener, Canada)679.40.9250.881467706Corn Thins, puffed corn cakes, gluten-free (Real Foods, St Peters, NSW, Australia)871017.41.3250.882087707Cream Cracker (LU Triumfo, Brazil)651111.11.1250.881765708High-calcium cracker (Danone, Malaysia)5288.81.1250.881752709Jatz, plain salted craker biscuits (Arnotts, Australia)5559.41.1250.881755710Puffed Crispbread (Westons, Australia)81915.41.3250.881981711Puffed rice cakes712Puffed rice cakes, white (Rice Growers Co-op., Leeton, NSW, Australia)821117.21.4250.882182713Rice cakes, Calrose rice (low-amylose) (Rice Growers Co-op., Australia)91719.11.4250.882191714Rice cakes, Doongara rice (high-amylose) (Rice Growers Co-op., Australia)61512.81.4250.882161715mean of three studies78916.41.4250.882178716Rye crispbread717Rye crispbread (Canada)6310.11.1250.881663718Ryvita (Canada)691011.01.1250.881669719High-fiber rye crispbread (Ryvita Company Ltd., Poole, Dorset, UK)598.91.0250.881559720Rye crispbread (Ryvita Company Ltd., UK)6311.31.2250.881863721mean of four studies64210.21.1250.881664722Kavli Norwegian Crispbread (Players Biscuits, Sydney, NSW, Australia)71711.41.1250.881671723Sao, plain square crackers (Arnotts, Australia)70911.91.1250.881770724Stoned Wheat Thins (Christie Brown & Co., Canada)6711.41.1250.881767725Water cracker726Water cracker (Canada)63911.31.2250.881863727Water cracker (Arnotts, Australia)781114.01.2250.881878728mean of two studies71812.81.2250.881871729Premium Soda Crackers (Christie Brown & Co., Canada)7412.61.1250.881774730Vita-wheat, original, crispbread (Arnott's, Australia)55410.51.3250.881955Back to Top732DAIRY PRODUCTS AND ALTERNATIVES733Custard734No Bake Egg Custard, prepared from powder with whole milk (Nestl, Sydney, NSW, Australia)3526.01.11003.531735735Custard, home made from milk, wheat starch, and sugar (Australia)43107.31.11003.531743736TRIM, reduced-fat custard (Pauls Ltd., South Brisbane, Qld, Australia)3745.61.01003.531537737mean of three studies3826.11.11003.531638738Ice cream, Regular/NS8739Ice cream, NS (Canada)3680.00.036740Ice cream (half vanilla, half chocolate) (Italy)570.00.057741Ice cream, NS (USA)620.00.062742Ice cream, chocolate flavored (USA)68150.00.068743Ice cream (half vanilla, half chocolate) (Italy)800.00.080744mean of five studies6177.90.9501.761361745Ice cream, Reduced- or Low-fat746Ice cream, low-fat, vanilla, 'Light' (Peter's, Sydney, NSW, Australia)5083.00.4501.76650747Ice-cream, low-fat (1.2 % fat), Prestige Light rich vanilla (Norco, Lismore, NSW, Australia)64754.70.7501.761047748Ice-cream, low-fat (1.4% fat), Prestige Light traditional toffee (Norco, Australia)63745.20.9501.761437749Ice-cream, reduced-fat (7.1 % fat), Prestige golden macadamia (Norco, Australia)63934.70.8501.761239750Ice cream, Premium (high-fat)751Ice cream, premium, Ultra chocolate, 15% fat (Sara Lee, Gosford, NSW, Australia)3733.30.6501.76937752Ice cream, premium, French vanilla, 16% fat (Sara Lee, Australia)3833.40.6501.76938753Milk, full-fat754Full-fat (Italy)110.00.011755Full-fat (3% fat, Sknemejerier, Malm, Sweden)6210.00.021756Full-fat (Italy)240.00.024757Full-fat cow's milk, fresh (Dairy Farmers, Sydney, NSW, Australia)3120.00.031758Full-fat (Canada)3460.00.034759Full-fat (USA)400.00.040760mean of five studies2743.20.82508.821227761Fermented cow's milk (ropy milk, lngfil, 3% fat) (Arla, Gvle, Sweden)6110.00.011762Fermented cow's milk (filmjlk, 3% fat) (Sknemejerier, Malm, Sweden)6110.00.011763mean of two foods110.00.011764Milk, full-fat, plus bran765Full-fat + 20g wheat bran (Italy)250.00.025766Full-fat + 20g wheat bran (Italy)280.00.028767mean of two studies2723.20.82508.821227768Milk, skim (Canada)3254.20.92508.821332769Milk, condensed, sweetened (Nestl, Sydney, NSW, Australia)61616.51.8508.822761770Milk, low-fat, chocolate, with aspartame, Lite White (Dairy Farmers, Australia)2463.61.02508.821524771Milk, low-fat, chocolate, with sugar, Lite White (Dairy Farmers, Australia)3448.81.72508.822634772Mousse, reduced-fat, prepared from commerical mousse mix with water773Butterscotch, 1.9% fat (Nestl, Australia)3643.60.7501.761036774Chocolate, 2% fat (Nestl, Australia)3143.40.7501.761131775Hazelnut, 2.4% fat (Nestl, Australia)3643.60.7501.761036776Mango, 1.8% fat (Nestl, Australia)3353.60.7501.761133777Mixed berry, 2.2% fat (Nestl, Australia)3653.60.7501.761036778Strawberry, 2.3% fat (Nestl, Australia)3233.20.7501.761032779mean of six foods3413.40.7501.761034780Pudding781instant, chocolate, made from powder and whole milk (White Wings, Sydney, NSW, Australia)4747.51.11003.531647782instant, vanilla, made from powder and whole milk (White Wings, Australia)4046.41.11003.531640783mean of two foods4447.01.11003.531644784Yoghurt785Yoghurt, type NS8 (Canada)3643.20.62007.05936786Low-fat yoghurt787Low-fat, fruit, aspartame, Ski (Dairy Farmers, Australia)1441.80.92007.051314788Low-fat, fruit, sugar, Ski (Dairy Farmers, Australia)33710.22.12007.053133789Low-fat (0.9%), fruit, wild strawberry (Ski d'lite, Dairy Farmers, Australia)31149.32.02007.053031790Non-fat yoghurt, sweetened with acesulfame K and Splenda791Diet Vaalia, exotic fruits (Pauls Ltd., Australia)62323.71.12007.051623792Diet Vaalia, mango (Pauls Ltd., Australia)62323.20.92007.051423793Diet Vaalia, mixed berry (Pauls Ltd., Australia)62533.30.92007.051325794Diet Vaalia, strawberry (Pauls Ltd., Australia)62323.00.92007.051323795Diet Vaalia, vanilla (Pauls Ltd, Australia)62323.00.92007.051323796mean of five foods2413.40.92007.051424797Reduced-fat yoghurt798Reduced-fat, Vaalia, apricot & mango (Pauls Ltd., Australia)62647.82.02007.053026799Reduced-fat, Vaalia, french vanilla (Pauls Ltd., Australia)62642.60.72007.051026800Reduced-fat, Extra-Lite, strawberry (Pauls Ltd., Australia)62849.22.22007.053328801mean of three foods2716.51.62007.052427802Yoghurt drink, reduced-fat, Vaalia, tropical passionfruit (Pauls Ltd., Australia)638411.01.92007.052938803Soy-based dairy product alternatives804Soy milks (containing maltodextrin)805Soy milk, full-fat (3%), 0 mg calcium, Original (So Natural Foods, Taren Point, NSW, Australia)64457.51.12508.821744806Soy milk, full-fat (3%), 120 mg calcium, Calciforte (So Natural Foods, Australia)63646.51.22508.821836807Soy milk, reduced-fat (1.5%), 120 mg calcium, Light (So Natural Foods, Australia)64437.51.12508.821744808Soy milk drinks809Soy smoothie drink, banana, 1% fat (So Natural Foods, Australia)63036.61.52508.822230810Soy smoothie drink, chocolate hazelnut, 1% fat (So Natural Foods, Australia)63438.51.72508.822534811mean of two drinks3227.41.52508.822332812Up & Go, cocoa malt flavor (soy milk, rice cereal liquid breakfast)6 (Sanitarium, Berkeley Vale, NSW, Australia)43511.21.72508.822643814Up & Go, original malt flavor (soy milk, rice cereal liquid breakfast)6 (Sanitarium, Australia)46511.01.62508.822446816mean of two drinks45211.31.72508.822545817Xpress, chocolate (soy bean, cereal and legume extract drink with fructose)6 (So Natural Foods, Australia)39213.32.32508.823439819Soy yoghurt820Soy yoghurt, peach and mango, 2% fat, sugar (So Natural Foods, Australia)650313.01.72007.052650821Tofu-based frozen dessert, chocolate with high-fructose (24%) corn syrup (USA)1151410.40.6501.769115Back to Top823FRUIT AND FRUIT PRODUCTS824Apples, raw825Apple, NS8 (Denmark)283.60.91204.231328826Apple, Braeburn (New Zealand)63244.20.91204.231332827Apple, NS8 (Canada)345.41.11204.231634828Apple, Golden Delicious (Canada)3936.21.11204.231639829Apple, NS8 (USA)406.41.11204.231640830Apple, NS8 (Italy)445.70.91204.231344831mean of six studies3825.71.01204.231538832Apple juice833Apple juice, unsweetened, reconstituted (Berrivale Orchards Ltd, Berri, SA, Australia)3959.81.72508.822539834Apple juice, unsweetened (USA)4011.61.92508.822940835Apple juice, unsweetened (Allens, Toronto, Canada)4112.32.02508.823041836mean of three studies40111.21.92508.822840837Apple, dried (Australia)2959.92.3602.123429838Apricots839Apricots, raw, NS8 (Italy)575.10.61204.23957840Apricots, canned in light syrup (Riviera, Aliments Caneast Foods, Montreal, Canada )6412.21.31204.231964841Apricots, dried (Australia)3078.11.8602.122730842Apricots, dried (Wasco foods, Montreal, Canada)329.62.0602.123032843mean of two studies3118.71.9602.122831844Apricot fruit bar, pureed dried apricot filling in wholemeal pastry (Mother Earth, Auckland, New Zealand)50817.02.3501.763450846Apricot fruit spread, reduced sugar (Glen Ewin Jams, Para Hills, SA, Australia)5577.20.9301.061355847Apricot Fruity Bitz, vitamin and mineral enriched dried fruit snack (Blackmores Ltd., Balgowlah, NSW, Australia)4235.00.8150.531242849Banana, raw850Banana (Canada)4611.51.71204.232546851Banana (Italy)5813.31.51204.232358852Banana (Canada)5814.51.71204.232558853Banana (Canada)62915.51.71204.232562854Banana (South Africa)70516.11.51204.232370855Banana, ripe (all yellow) (USA)5112.81.71204.232551856Banana, under-ripe (Denmark)306.31.41204.232130857Banana, slightly under-ripe (yellow with green sections) (USA)4210.51.71204.232542858Banana, over-ripe (yellow flecked with brown) (USA)4812.01.71204.232548859Banana, over-ripe (Denmark)5210.41.31204.232052860mean of 10 studies52412.51.61204.232452861Banana, processed fruit fingers, Heinz Kidz (H J Heinz, Malvern, Vic, Australia)611112.21.3301.062061862Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis), raw (Australia)66818.41.81204.232768863Cherries, raw, NS8 (Canada)222.60.81204.231222864Chico (Zapota zapotilla coville), raw (Philippines)64011.61.91204.232940865Cranberry juice866Cranberry juice cocktail (Ocean Spray, Melbourne, Vic, Australia)52316.12.12508.823152867Cranberry juice cocktail (Ocean Spray Inc., Lakeville-Middleboro, MA, USA)68323.82.32508.823568868Cranberry juice drink, Ocean Spray (Gerber Ltd., Bridgewater, Somerset, UK)56416.21.92508.822956869Custard apple, raw, flesh only (Australia)54210.31.31204.231954870Dates, dried (Australia)1032141.22.7602.1240103871Figs, dried, tenderised, Dessert Maid brand (Ernest Hall & Sons, Sydney, NSW, Australia)61615.91.7602.122661872Fruit Cocktail, canned (Delmonte Canadian Canners Ltd., Hamilton, Canada)558.81.11204.231655873Grapefruit, raw (Canada)252.80.71204.231125874Grapefruit juice, unsweetened (Sunpac, Toronto, Canada)489.61.32508.822048875Grapes, raw876Grapes, NS8(Canada)437.31.11204.231743877Grapes, NS8 (Italy)499.31.31204.231949878mean of two studies4638.31.21204.231846879Grapes, black, Waltham Cross (Australia)5910.61.21204.231859880Kiwi fruit, raw881Kiwi fruit, Hayward (New Zealand)64745.60.81204.231247882Kiwi fruit (Australia)65877.00.81204.231258883mean of two studies5366.40.81204.231253884Lychee, canned in syrup and drained, Narcissus brand (China)79815.81.31204.232079885Mango, raw886Mango (Mangifera indica) (Philippines)6418.21.31204.232041887Mango (Mangifera indica) (Australia)65137.71.01204.231551888Mango, ripe (Mangifera indica) (India)1160169.01.01204.231560889mean of three studies5158.71.11204.231751890Mango, low-fat frozen fruit dessert, Frutia (Weis Frozen Foods, Toowong, Qld, Australia)4239.71.51003.532342891Marmalade, orange (Australia)4899.61.3301.062048892Oranges, raw893Oranges, NS8 (Denmark)313.40.71204.231131894Oranges, NS8 (South Africa)3363.30.71204.231033895Oranges, NS8 (Canada)4034.40.71204.231140896Oranges, NS8 (Italy)485.30.71204.231148897Oranges (Sunkist, Van Nuys, CA, USA)485.30.71204.231148898Oranges NS8 (Canada)515.60.71204.231151899mean of six studies4234.60.71204.231142900Orange juice901Orange Juice (Canada)46612.01.72508.822646902Orange juice, unsweetened, reconstituted concentrate, Quelch brand (Berri Ltd., Australia)5369.51.22508.821853903Orange juice, reconstituted from frozen concentrate (USA)57614.81.72508.822657904mean of three studies52312.01.52508.822352905Paw paw/papaya, raw906Paw paw (Carica papaya) (Australia)65664.50.51204.23856907Paw paw (papaya), ripe (India)11601617.41.91204.232960908Papaya (Carica papaya) (Philippines)6609.01.01204.231560909mean of three studies59110.01.11204.231759910Peaches911Peach, raw (Canada)283.60.91204.231328912Peach, raw (Italy)564.50.51204.23856913mean of two studies42144.60.71204.231142914Peach, canned in natural juice (Goulburn Valley, Ardmona Foods, Mooroopna, Vic, Australia)3043.30.71204.231130915Peach, canned in natural juice (SPC Ltd., Shepparton, Vic, Australia)4565.00.71204.231145916mean of two studies3884.20.71204.231138917Peach, canned in heavy syrup (Letona Foods, Hawthorn East, Vic, Australia)58118.71.01204.231558918Peach, canned in light syrup (Delmonte, Canadian Canners Ltd.)529.41.21204.231852919Peach, canned in reduced-sugar syrup, SPC Lite (SPC Ltd., Australia)62910.51.11204.231762920Pears921Pear, raw, NS8 (Canada)334.30.91204.231333922Pear, Winter Nellis, raw (New Zealand)63444.10.81204.231234923Pear, Bartlett, raw (Canada)413.30.51204.23841924Pear, raw, NS8 (Italy)424.60.71204.231142925mean of four studies3824.20.71204.231138926Pear halves, canned in reduced-sugar syrup, SPC Lite (SPC Ltd., Australia)2563.50.91204.231425927Pear halves, canned in natural juice (SPC Ltd., Australia)43155.60.91204.231343928Pear, canned in pear juice, Bartlett (Delmonte, Canadian Canners Ltd.)444.80.71204.231144929Pineapple930Pineapple, raw (Australia)66676.60.71204.231066931Pineapple (Ananas comosus), raw (Philippines)6518.21.11204.231651932mean of two studies5987.70.91204.231359933Pineapple juice, unsweetened (Dole Packaged Foods, Toronto, Canada)4615.62.32508.823446934Plums935Plum, raw, NS8 (Canada)243.40.91204.231424936Plum, raw, NS8 (Italy)535.80.71204.231153937mean of two studies39154.70.81204.231239938Prunes, pitted (Sunsweet Growers Inc., Yuba City, CA, USA)2949.62.2602.123329939Raisins (Canada)641128.22.9602.124464940Rockmelon/Cantaloupe, raw (Australia)66593.90.41204.23665941Strawberries, fresh, raw (Sydney, NSW, Australia)64071.20.21204.23340942Strawberry jam511010.21.3301.062051943Strawberry processed fruit bars, Real Fruit Bars (Uncle Toby's, Australia)901223.41.7301.062690944Sultanas561125.23.0602.124556945Tomato juice, no added sugar (Berri Ltd., Berri, SA, Australia)63843.40.62508.82938946Tropical Fruity Bitz, vitamin and mineral enriched dried fruit snack (Blackmores Ltd., Australia)4134.50.7150.531141948Vitari, wild berry, non-dairy, frozen fruit dessert (Nestl, Sydney, NSW, Australia)59812.41.41003.532159949Watermelon, raw (Australia)672134.30.41204.23672950Wild Berry Fruity Bitz, vitamin and mineral enriched dried fruit snack (Blackmores Ltd., Australia)3544.20.8150.531235Back to Top953INFANT FORMULA AND WEANING FOODS954Formula955Infasoy, soy-based, milk-free (Wyeth Nutritionals, Baulkham Hills, NSW, Australia)65563.80.5100 mL3.53755956Karicare gold starter formula with omega plsu LCP oils (Nutricia, Auckland, New Zealand)63552.50.5100 mL3.53735957Nan-1 infant formula with iron (Nestl, Sydney, NSW, Australia)63062.30.5100 mL3.53830958S-26 infant formula (Wyeth Nutritionals, Australia)63662.60.5100 mL3.53736959Weaning Foods960Farex baby rice (Heinz Wattie's Ltd., Malvern, Vic, Australia)695135.70.4873.07695961Robinsons First Tastes from 4 months (Nutricia, Wells, UK)962Apple, apricot and banana cereal65687.30.9752.651356963Creamed porridge65985.40.6752.65959964Rice pudding65966.50.7752.651159965Heinz for Baby from 4 months (Heinz Wattie's Ltd., Australia)966Chicken and noodles with vegetables, strained667114.80.51204.23767967Sweetcorn and rice665139.71.01204.231565Back to Top969LEGUMES AND NUTS970Baked Beans971Baked Beans, canned (Canada)4030.00.040972Baked Beans, canned haricot/navy beans in tomato sauce (Libby, McNeill & Libby, Chatham, Canada)560.00.056974mean of two studies4887.21.01505.291548975Beans, dried, boiled976Beans, dried, type NS8 (Italy)3610.82.01505.293036977Beans, dried, type NS8 (Italy)206.02.01505.293020978mean of two studies2998.72.01505.293029979Blackeyed beans/peas (Cowpeas), boiled980Blackeyed beans (Canada)5015.02.01505.293050981Blackeyed beans (Canada)3349.92.01505.293033982mean of two studies42912.62.01505.293042983Butter Beans984Butter beans (South Africa)2875.61.31505.292028985Butter beans, dried, cooked 1.25 h (South Africa)2985.81.31505.292029987Butter beans (Canada)3647.21.31505.292036988mean of three studies3136.21.31505.292031989Butter beans, dried, boiled + 5g sucrose (South Africa)3026.01.31505.292030991Butter beans, dried, boiled + 10g sucrose (South Africa)3126.21.31505.292031993Butter beans, dried, boiled + 15g sucrose (South Africa)54410.81.31505.292054995Chickpeas (Garbanzo beans, Bengal gram), boiled996Chickpeas (Cicer arietinum Linn), dried, soaked, boiled 35 min (Philippines)103.02.01505.293010997Chickpeas, dried, boiled (Canada)319.32.01505.293031998Chickpeas (Canada)339.92.01505.293033999Chickpeas (Canada)36510.82.01505.2930361000mean of four studies2868.42.01505.2930281001Chickpeas, canned in brine (Lancia-Bravo Foods Ltd., Toronto, Canada)429.21.51505.2922421002Chickpeas, curry, canned (Canasia Foods Ltd., Scarborough, Canada)416.61.11505.2916411003Haricot/Navy beans1004Haricot/Navy beans, pressure cooked at 15 psi for 25 min (King Grains, Toronto, Canada)299.62.21505.2933291005Haricot/Navy beans, dried, boiled (Canada)309.02.01505.2930301006Haricot/Navy beans, boiled (Canada)3169.32.01505.2930311007Haricot/Navy beans (King Grains, Canada)3911.72.01505.2930391008Haricot/Navy beans, pressure cooked at15 psi for 25 min (King Grains, Canada)5919.52.21505.2933591009mean of five studies38611.82.11505.2931381010Kidney Beans1011Kidney/white bean (Phaseolus vulgaris Linn), soaked, boiled 17 min (Philippines)133.31.71505.2925131012Kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) (India)194.81.71505.2925191013Kidney beans (USA)5235.81.71505.2925231014Kidney beans, dried, boiled (France)2315.81.71505.2925231015Kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), red, soaked 20 min, boiled 70 min (Sweden)256.31.71505.2925251016Kidney beans (Canada)2987.31.71505.2925291017Kidney beans, dried, boiled (Canada)4210.51.71505.2925421018Kidney beans (Canada)4611.51.71505.2925461019mean of eight studies2847.01.71505.2925281020Kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) - autoclaved348.51.71505.2925341021Kidney beans, canned (Lancia-Bravo Foods Ltd., Canada)528.81.11505.2917521022Kidney beans, dried, soaked 12 h, stored moist 24 h, steamed 1 h (India)11701117.51.71505.2925701023Black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris Linn), soaked overnight, cooked 45 min (Philippines)205.01.71505.2925201024Lentils, type NS81025Lentils, type NS (USA)280.00.0281026Lentils, type NS (Canada)2930.00.0291027mean of two studies2915.21.21505.2918291028Lentils, green1029Lentils, green, dried, boiled (Canada)224.01.21505.2918221030Lentils, green, dried, boiled (France)30155.41.21505.2918301031Lentils, green, dried, boiled (Australia)3735.20.91505.2914371032mean of three studies3045.11.11505.2917301033Lentils, green, canned in brine (Lancia-Bravo Foods Ltd., Canada)528.81.11505.2917521034Lentils, red1035Lentils, red, dried, boiled (Canada)183.21.21505.2918181036Lentils, red, dried, boiled (Canada)213.81.21505.2918211037Lentils, red, dried, boiled (Canada)315.61.21505.2918311038Lentils, red, dried, boiled (Canada)325.81.21505.2918321039mean of four studies2644.71.21505.2918261040Lima beans, baby, frozen, reheated in microwave oven (York, Canada Packers, Toronto, Canada)329.62.01505.2930321041Marrowfat peas1042Marrowfat peas, dried, boiled (USA)310.00.0311043Marrowfat peas, dried, boiled (Canada)4730.00.0471044mean of two studies3987.41.31505.2919391045Mung beans1046Mung bean (Phaseolus areus Roxb), soaked, boiled 20 min (Philippines)315.31.11505.2917311047Mung bean, fried (Australia)5380.00.0531048Mung bean, germinated (Australia)2544.31.11505.2917251049Mung bean, pressure cooked (Australia)4257.11.11505.2917421050Peas, dried, boiled (Australia)222.00.61505.299221051Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan Linn. Huth.), soaked, boiled 45 min (Philippines)224.41.31505.2920221052Pinto beans1053Pinto beans, dried, boiled (Canada)3910.11.71505.2926391054Pinto beans, canned in brine (Lancia-Bravo Foods Ltd., Canada)459.91.51505.2922451055Romano beans (Canada)468.31.21505.2918461056Soya beans1057Soya beans, dried, boiled (Canada)1550.90.41505.296151058Soya beans, dried, boiled (Australia)2031.20.41505.296201059mean of two studies1831.10.41505.296181060Soya beans, canned (Canada)1420.80.41505.296141061Split peas, yellow, boiled 20 min (Nupack, Mississauga, Canada)326.11.31505.291932Back to Top1063MEAL REPLACEMENT PRODUCTS1064Hazelnut & Apricot bar (Dietworks, South Yarra, Vic, Australia)4279.21.5501.7622421065L.E.A.N products (Usana Inc., Salt Lake City, UT, US)1066L.E.A.N Fibergy bar, Harvest Oat45413.11.9501.7629451067Nutrimeal, drink powder, Dutch Chocolate2633.40.92508.8213261068L.E.A.N (Life long) Nutribar, Peanut Crunch3045.71.3401.4119301069L.E.A.N (Life long) Nutribar, Chocolate Crunch3246.11.3401.4119321070mean of two Nutri bars3115.91.3401.4119311071Worldwide Sport Nutrition reduced-carbohydrate products (2000 formulations)1072(Worldwide Sport Nutritional Supplements Inc., Largo, FL, US)1073Designer chocolate, sugar-free61433.11.5351.2322141074Burn-it bars1075Chocolate deluxe62932.30.5501.768291076Peanut butter62331.40.4501.766231077Pure-protein bars1078Chewy choc-chip63044.20.9802.8214301079Chocolate deluxe63844.90.9802.8213381080Peanut butter62242.00.6802.829221081Strawberry shortcake64345.60.9802.8213431082White chocolate mousse64046.01.0802.8215401083Pure-protein cookies1084Choc-chip cookie dough62532.80.7551.9411251085Coconut64253.80.6551.949421086Peanut butter63773.30.6551.949371087Ultra pure-protein shakes1088Cappuccino4760.50.12508.821471089Frosty chocolate3761.10.22508.823371090Strawberry shortcake4240.40.12508.821421091Vanilla ice cream3251.00.22508.82332Back to Top1093MIXED MEALS AND CONVENIENCE FOODS1094Chicken nuggets, frozen, reheated in microwave oven 5 min (Savings, Grocery Holdings, Tooronga, Vic, Australia)4647.41.11003.5316461096Fish Fingers (Canada)3867.21.31003.5319381097Greek lentil stew with a bread roll, home made (Australia)40514.82.536012.7037401098Kugel (Polish dish containing egg noodles, sugar, cheese and raisins) (Israel)65631.23.21505.2948651099Lean Cuisine, French style chicken with rice, reheated (Nestl, Sydney, NSW, Australia)636624.54.540014.1168361100Pies, beef, party size (Farmland, Grocery Holdings, Australia)45612.21.81003.5327451101Pizza1102Pizza, cheese (Pillsbury Canada Ltd., Toronto, Canada)6016.21.81003.5327601103Pizza, plain baked dough, served with parmesan cheese and tomato sauce (Italy)8021.61.81003.5327801104Pizza, Super Supreme, pan (11.4% fat) (Pizza Hut, Sydney, NSW, Australia)3668.61.61003.5324361105Pizza, Super Supreme, thin and crispy (13.2 % fat) (Pizza Hut, Australia)3046.61.51003.5322301106Pizza, Vegetarian Supreme, thin and crispy (7.8 % fat) (Pizza Hut, Australia)649612.31.71003.5325491107Sausages, NS8 (Canada)2860.80.21003.533281108Sirloin chop with mixed vegetables and mashed potato, home made (Australia)661235.03.536012.7053661109Spaghetti bolognaise, home made (Australia)52925.03.236012.7048521110Stirfried vegetables with chicken and boiled white rice, home made (Australia)731754.85.036012.7075731111Sushi1112Sushi, salmon (from 'I Love Sushi' chain store, Sydney, NSW, Australia)648817.32.41003.5336481113Sushi, roasted sea algae, vinegar and rice (Japan)5520.42.51003.5337551114Mean of two studies52419.22.51003.5337521115White boiled rice, grilled beefburger, cheese, and butter (France)2713.53.344015.5250271116White boiled rice, grilled beefburger, cheese and butter (France)2211.03.344015.5250221117Mean in two groups of subjects25212.53.344015.5250251118White bread with toppings1119White wheat flour bread, butter, cheese, regular cow's milk and fresh cucumber (Sweden)65537.44.52007.0568551120White wheat flour bread, butter, yoghurt and pickled cucumber (Sweden)63910.91.92007.0528391121White bread with butter (Canada)5928.33.21003.5348591122White bread with skim milk cheese (Canada)5525.93.11003.5347551123White bread with butter and skim milk cheese (Canada)6223.62.51003.5338621124White/wholemeal wheat bread with peanut butter (Canada)5122.42.91003.5344511125White/wholemeal wheat bread with peanut butter (Canada)6729.52.91003.5344671126mean of two studies59826.02.91003.534459Back to Top1128NUTRITIONAL SUPPORT PRODUCTS1129Choicedm, vanilla (Mead Johnson Nutritionals, Evansville, IN, US)2345.51.6237mL8.3624231130Enercal Plus, made from powder (Wyeth-Ayerst International Inc., Madison, NJ, US)611324.42.7237mL8.3640611131Ensure (Abbott Australasia, Kurnell, NSW, Australia)50820.02.7237mL8.3640501132Ensure, vanilla (Abbott Australasia)48316.32.3250mL8.8234481133Ensure bar, chocolate fudge brownie (Abbott Australasia)4338.61.3381.3420431134Ensure Plus, vanilla (Abbott Australasia)40418.83.1237mL8.3647401135Ensure Pudding, old fashioned vanilla (Abbott Laboratories Inc., Ashland, OH, USA)3649.41.71133.9926361136Glucerna, vanilla (Abbott Laboratories Inc., USA)63127.11.5237mL8.3623311137Jevity (Abbott Australasia)48317.32.4237mL8.3636481138Resource Diabetic, French vanilla (Novartis Nutrition Corp., Young America, MN, USA)63437.81.5237mL8.3623341139Resource Diabetic, Swiss chocolate (Novartis, Auckland, New Zealand)1646.62.7237mL8.3641161140Resource thickened orange juice, honey consistency (Novartis, New Zealand)47918.32.6237mL8.3639471141Resource thickened orange juice, nectar consistency (Novartis, New Zealand)54719.42.4237mL8.3636541142Resource fruit beverage, peach flavour (Novartis, New Zealand)40816.42.7237mL8.3641401143Sustagen, Dutch Chocolate (Mead Johnson, Bristol Myers Squibb, Rydalmere, NSW, Australia)31412.72.7250mL8.8241311144Sustagen Hospital with extra fiber, drink made from powdered mix (Mead Johnson, Australia)33414.52.9250mL8.8244331145Sustagen Instant Pudding, vanilla, made from powdered mix (Mead Johnson, Australia)27312.73.12508.8247271146Ultracal with fiber (Mead Johnson, Evansville, IN, USA)4011.61.9237 mL8.362940Back to Top1148PASTA and NOODLES1149Capellini (Primo Foods Ltd., Toronto, Canada)4520.33.01806.3545451150Corn pasta, gluten-free (Orgran Natural Foods, Carrum Downs, Vic, Australia)781032.82.81806.3542781151Fettucine, egg1152Fettucine, egg32414.73.11806.3546321153Fettucine, egg (Mother Earth Fine Foods, Rowville, Vic, Australia)47621.63.11806.3546471154mean of two studies40818.43.11806.3546401155Gluten-free pasta, maize starch, boiled 8 min (UK)5422.72.81806.3542541156Gnocchi, NS8 (Latina, Pillsbury Australia Ltd., Mt. Waverley, Vic, Australia)68932.63.21806.3548681157Instant noodles1158Instant 'two-minute' noodles, Maggi (Nestl, Sydney, NSW, Australia)4650.00.0461159Instant 'two-minute' noodles, Maggi (Nestl, Auckland, New Zealand)4880.00.0481160Instant noodles (Mr Noodle, Vancouver, Canada)470.00.0471161mean of three studies47118.82.71806.3540471162Linguine1163Thick, durum wheat, white, fresh (Sweden)4320.63.21806.3548431164Thick, fresh, durum wheat flour, 0.6% w/w monoglycerides, boiled 8 min (Sweden)4823.03.21806.3548481165mean of two studies46322.13.21806.3548461166Thin, durum wheat (Sweden)4923.53.21806.3548491167Thin, fresh, durum wheat flour, 0.6% w/w monoglycerides, boiled 3 min (Sweden)6129.33.21806.3548611168Thin, fresh, durum wheat with 39% w/w egg, (Sweden)4518.52.71806.3541451169Thin, fresh, with 0.6% w/w monoglycerides and 30% w/w egg, boiled 3 min (Sweden)5321.72.71806.3541531170mean of four studies52323.43.01806.3545521171Mung bean noodles1172Lungkow beanthread noodles (National Cereals, Oils & Foodstuffs, Qingdao & Guangdong, China)2611.73.01806.3545261173Mung bean noodles (Longkou beanthread), dried, boiled (Yantai cereals, China)39917.63.01806.3545391174mean of two studies3370.00.0331175Macaroni1176Macaroni, plain, boiled 5 min (Lancia-Bravo Foods Ltd., Canada)4522.13.31806.3549451177Macaroni, plain, boiled (Turkey)4823.53.31806.3549481178mean of two studies47222.63.21806.3548471179Macaroni and Cheese, boxed (Kraft General Foods Canada Inc., Don Mills, Ontario)6432.63.41806.3551641180Ravioli, durum wheat flour, meat filled, boiled (Australia)39114.82.51806.3538391181Rice noodles/pasta1182Rice noodles, dried, boiled (Thai World, Bangkok, Thailand)61623.82.61806.3539611183Rice noodles, freshly made, boiled (Sydney, NSW, Australia)40415.62.61806.3539401184Rice pasta, brown, boiled 16 min (Rice Grower's Co-op., Leeton, NSW, Australia)92835.02.51806.3538921185Rice and maize pasta, gluten-free, Ris'O'Mais (Orgran Foods, Carrum Downs, Vic, Australia)76637.23.31806.3549761186Rice vermicelli, Kongmoon (National Cereals, Oils & Foodstuffs, China)5822.62.61806.3539581187Spaghetti1188Spaghetti, gluten-free, rice and split pea, canned in tomato sauce (Orgran Foods, Australia)68918.41.82207.7627681189Spaghetti, protein enriched, boiled 7 min (Catelli Plus, Catelli Ltd., Montreal, Canada)2714.03.51806.3552271190Spaghetti, white, boiled 5 min1191Boiled 5 min (Lancia-Bravo Foods Ltd., Canada)3215.43.21806.3548321192Boiled 5 min (Canada)3416.33.21806.3548341193Boiled 5 min (Canada)4019.23.21806.3548401194Boiled 5 min (Middle East)4421.13.21806.3548441195mean of four studies38318.23.21806.3548381196Spaghetti, white or type NS, boiled 10-15 min1197White, durum wheat, boiled 10 min in salty water (Barilla, Parma, Italy)125827.83.21806.3548581198White, durum wheat flour, boiled 12 min (Starhushlls, Kungsrnen AB, Jrna, Sweden)4722.63.21806.3548471199White, durum wheat flour, 0.6% w/w monoglycerides, boiled 12 min (Sweden)5325.43.21806.3548531200Boiled 15 min (Lancia-Bravo Foods Ltd., Canada)3215.43.21806.3548321201Boiled 15 min (Lancia-Bravo Foods Ltd., Canada)3617.33.21806.3548361202Boiled 15 min (Canada)4119.73.21806.3548411203White, boiled 15 min in salted water (Unico, Concord, Canada)44321.13.21806.3548441204mean of seven studies44321.13.21806.3548441205Spaghetti, white or type NS8, boiled 20 min1206White, durum wheat, boiled 20 min (Australia)58725.52.91806.3544581207Durum wheat, boiled 20 min (USA)641527.52.91806.3543641208mean of two studies61326.82.91806.3544611209Spaghetti, white, boiled1210White (Denmark)3315.83.21806.3548331211White, durum wheat (Catelli Ltd, Montreal, Canada)3416.33.21806.3548341212White (Australia)3816.72.91806.3544381213White (Canada)4220.23.21806.3548421214White (Canada)4823.03.21806.3548481215White (Vetta, Greens Foods, Glendenning, NSW, Australia)49721.62.91806.3544491216White (Canada)50824.03.21806.3548501217mean of seven studies42319.73.11806.3547421218Spaghetti, white, durum wheat semolina (Panzani, Marseilles, France)1219Boiled in 0.7% salted water for 11 min591528.33.21806.3548591220Boiled in 0.7% salted water for 16.5 min651531.23.21806.3548651221Boiled in 0.7% salted water for 22 min461022.13.21806.3548461222mean of three cooking times57627.43.21806.3548571223Spaghetti, wholemeal, boiled1224Wholemeal (USA)3214.12.91806.3544321225Wholemeal (Canada)42416.82.71806.3540421226mean of two studies37515.52.81806.3542371227Spirali, durum wheat, white, boiled to al dent texture (Vetta, Australia)431018.92.91806.3544431228Split pea and soya pasta shells, gluten-free (Orgran Foods, Australia)2969.02.11806.3531291229Star Pastina, white, boiled 5 minutes (Lancia-Bravo Foods Ltd., Canada)3818.23.21806.3548381230Tortellini, cheese (Stouffer, Nestl, Don Mills, Canada)5010.51.41806.3521501231Udon noodles, plain, reheated 5 min (Fantastic, Windsor Gardens, SA, Australia)662829.83.21806.3548621232Vermicelli, white, boiled (Australia)35715.42.91806.354435Back to Top1234SNACK FOODS AND CONFECTIONERY1235Burger Rings, barbeque-flavored (Smith's Snack Food Co., Chatswood, NSW, Australia)901627.92.1501.7631901236Chocolate, milk, plain1237Chocolate, milk, plain with sucrose (Belgium)63457.51.5501.7622341238Chocolate, milk (Cadbury's Confectionery, Ringwood, Vic, Australia)49614.72.0501.7630491239Chocolate, milk, Dove (Mars Confectionery, Ballarat, Vic, Australia)45813.52.0501.7630451240Chocolate, milk (Nestl, Sydney, NSW, Australia)42813.02.1501.7631421241mean of four studies43312.01.9501.7628431242Chocolate, milk, plain, low-sugar with maltitol (Belgium)635167.71.5501.7622351243Chocolate, white, Milky Bar (Nestl, Australia)44612.81.9501.7629441244Corn chips1245Corn chips, plain, salted (Doritos original, Smith's Snack Food Co., Australia, 1998)42410.51.7501.7625421246Corn chips, plain, salted (Doritos original, Smith's Snack Food Co., Australia, 1985)7218.01.7501.7625721247Nachips (Old El Paso Foods Co., Canada)7421.51.9501.7629741248mean of three studies631016.41.7501.7626631249Fruit Bars1250Apricot filled fruit bar (pureed dried apricot filling in wholemeal pastry) (Mother Earth, Auckland, New Zealand)50817.02.3501.7634501252Heinz Kidz Fruit Fingers, banana (HJ Heinz, Malvern, Vic, Australia)611112.21.3301.0620611253Real Fruit Bars, strawberry (Uncle Toby's, Wahgunyah, Vic, Australia)901223.41.7301.0626901254Roll-Ups, processed fruit snack (Uncle Toby's, Australia)991224.81.7301.0625991255Fruity Bitz, vitamin and mineral enriched dried fruit snacks1256Fruity Bitz, apricot (Blackmores Ltd., Balgowlah, NSW, Australia)4235.00.8150.5312421257Fruity Bitz, berry (Blackmores Ltd., Australia)3544.20.8150.5312351258Fruity Bitz, tropical (Blackmores Ltd., Australia)4134.50.7150.5311411259mean of three flavours3924.70.8150.5312391260Jelly beans1261Jelly beans, assorted colors (Allen's, Nestle, Sydney, NSW, Australia)8080.00.0801262Jelly beans, assorted colors (Savings, Grocery Holdings, Tooronga, Vic, Australia)7660.00.0761263mean of two studies78221.81.9301.0628781264Kudos Whole Grain Bars, chocolate chip (M & M/Mars, Hackettstown, NJ, USA)62819.82.1501.7632621265Life Savers, peppermint candy (Nestl, Australia)70621.02.0301.0630701266M & M's, peanut (Mars Confectionery, Australia)3335.61.1301.0617331267Mars Bar1268Mars Bar (Mars Confectionery, Australia)62824.82.7602.1240621269Mars Bar (M&M/Mars, USA)681227.22.7602.1240681270mean of two studies65326.02.7602.1240651271Muesli bar containing dried fruit (Uncle Toby's, Australia)61712.81.4301.0621611272Nougat, Jijona (La Fama, Spain)323.80.8301.0612321273Nutella, chocolate hazelnut spread (Ferrero Australia, Milson's Point, NSW, Australia)3344.00.8200.7112331274Nuts1275Cashew nuts, salted (Coles Supermarkets, Australia)62252.90.9501.7613221276Peanuts1277Peanuts, crushed (South Africa)6740.30.3501.76471278Peanuts (Canada)61360.90.5501.767131279Peanuts (Mexico)6231.60.5501.767231280mean of three studies1480.80.4501.766141281Popcorn1282Popcorn, plain, cooked in microwave oven (Green's Foods, Glendenning, NSW, Australia)5576.10.7200.7111551283Popcorn, plain, cooked in microwave oven (Uncle Toby's, Australia)899.80.7200.7111891284mean of two studies72177.90.7200.7111721285Pop Tarts, double choc (Kellogg's, Pagewood, NSW, Australia)70224.52.3501.7635701286Potato crisps1287Potato crisps, plain, salted (Arnott's, Homebush, NSW, Australia)5710.31.2501.7618571288Potato crisps, plain, salted (Canada)51712.21.6501.7624511289mean of two studies54311.31.4501.7621541290Pretzels, oven-baked, traditional wheat flavour (Parker's, Smith's Snack Food Co., Australia)83916.61.3301.0620831291Skittles (Mars Confectionery, Australia)70531.53.0501.7645701292Snack bars1293Snack bar, Apple Cinnamon (Con Agra Inc., Omaha, NE, USA)40811.61.9501.7629401294Snack bar, Peanut Butter & Choc-Chip (Con Agra Inc., USA)37610.01.8501.7627371295Snickers Bar1296Snickers Bar (Mars Confectionery, Australia)41514.82.4602.1236411297Snickers Bar (M&M/Mars, USA)6823.12.3602.1234681298mean of two studies551419.32.3602.1235551299Twisties, cheese-flavoured, extruded snack, rice and corn (Smith's Snackfood Co., Australia)74521.51.9501.7629741300Twix Cookie Bar, caramel (M&M/Mars, USA)44617.22.6602.123944Back to Top1302SPORTS BARS1303Power Bar1304Power Bar, chocolate (Powerfood Inc., Berkeley, CA, USA)5850.00.0581305Power Bar, chocolate (Powerfood Inc., Berkeley, CA, USA)530.00.0531306mean of two studies56323.52.8652.2942561307Ironman PR bar, chocolate (PR Nutrition, San Diego, CA, USA)3910.11.7652.2926391309SOUPS1310Black Bean (Wil-Pack Foods, San Pedro, CA, USA)6417.31.82508.8227641311Green Pea, canned (Campbell Soup Co Ltd., Toronto, Canada)6627.12.72508.8241661312Lentil, canned (Unico, Concord, Canada)449.21.42508.8221441313Minestrone, Traditional, Country Ladle (Campbell's Soups, Homebush, NSW, Australia)63937.01.22508.8218391314Noodle soup (traditional Turkish soup with stock and noodles)10.10.62508.82911315Split Pea (Wil-Pak Foods, USA)6016.21.82508.8227601316Tarhana soup (traditional Turkish soup with wheat flour, yoghurt, tomato, peppers)200.00.0201317Tomato soup (Canada)3896.51.12508.821738Back to Top1319SUGARS AND SUGAR ALCOHOLS1320Blue Agave cactus nectar, high-fructose1321Organic Agave Cactus Nectar, light, 90% fructose (Western Commerce Corp., City of Industry, CA, USA)61110.90.5100.358111323Organic Agave Cactus Nectar, light, 97% fructose (Western Commerce Corp., USA)61010.80.5100.358101324Fructose132525g portion (Sweeten Less, Maximum Nutrition Inc., Toronto, Canada)6110.00.011132650g portion (Sweeten Less, Maximum Nutrition Inc., Toronto, Canada)120.00.012132750g portion2050.00.020132850g portion210.00.021132950g portion (Sigma Chemical Company, St. Louis, MO, USA)240.00.024133025g portion, fed with oats28250.00.0251331mean of six studies1921.90.7100.3510191332Glucose133350 g portion (dextrose)850.00.085133425g portion, fed with oats28920.00.092133550 g portion930.00.093133650 g portion (dextrose)960.00.096133750 g portion960.00.096133850 g portion (Bio-Health, Dawson Traders Ltd., Toronto, Canada)960.00.096133950 g portion1000.00.0100134050 g portion (Glucodin glucose tablets, Boots, North Ryde, NSW, Australia)10290.00.0102134125 g portion (Bio-Health, Canada)61030.00.0103134250 g portion (dextrose)1110.00.01111343100 g portion (Bio-Health, Canada)121140.00.01141344mean of 11 studies9939.90.7100.3510991345Glucose consumed with American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.)134625 g glucose (Glucodex solution, Rougier Inc., Chambly, Quebec) with 3 g dried ginseng5787.80.7100.351078134725 g glucose (Glucodex) 40 min after 3 g dried ginseng5800.00.080134825 g glucose (Glucodex) 40 min before 3 g dried ginseng5760.00.0761349mean in two groups of subjects7827.80.7100.3510781350Glucose consumed with gum/fiber135146 g Glucose + 15 g apple and orange fiber extract (FITA, Chatswood, NSW, Australia) (total carbohydrate content of drink = 50 g)7936.30.5100.35879135350 g Glucose + 14.5 g guar gum626.20.7100.351062135450 g Glucose + 14.5 g oat gum (78% oat -glucan)575.70.7100.3510571355100 g Glucose + 20 g acacia gum7858.50.7100.3510851356Glucose consumed with a mixed meal135730 g glucose with 150 g grilled beefburger, 30 g cheese, 10 g butter (total meal contained 50 g carbohydrate) (France)(sulphonylureas not taken)550.00.055135930 g glucose with 150 g grilled beefburger, 30 g cheese, 10 g butter (total meal contained 50 g carbohydrate) (France)(sulphonylureas not taken)570.00.0571361mean in two groups of subjects56119.62.32508.8235561362Honey1363Locust honey (Romania)6326.71.4250.8821321364Yellow box (46% fructose) (Australia)63546.31.2250.8818351365Stringy Bark (52% fructose) (Australia)64449.21.4250.8821441366Red Gum (35% fructose) (Australia)64638.31.2250.8818461367Iron Bark (34% fructose) (Australia)64837.21.0250.8815481368Yapunya (42 % fructose) (Australia)65258.81.1250.8817521369Pure (Capilano Honey Ltd., Richlands, Qld, Australia)58612.21.4250.8821581370Commercial Blend (38% fructose) (WA blend, Capilano Honey Ltd., Australia)662311.21.2250.8818621371Salvation Jane (32% fructose) (Australia)66459.61.0250.8815641372Commercial Blend (28% fructose) (NSW blend, Capilano Honey Ltd., Australia)67269.40.9250.8813721373Honey, NS8 (Canada)687818.31.4250.8821871374mean of 11 types of honey5559.91.2250.8818551375Lactose137650 g lactose (Sigma Chemical Company, USA)430.00.043137725 g lactose (BDH, Poole, UK)6480.00.048137825 g lactose28480.00.0481379mean of three studies4624.60.7100.351046138050 g maltose1051210.50.7100.35101051381Sucrose138250 g sucrose (Sigma Chemical Company, USA)580.00.058138350 g sucrose (Redpath Sugars, Toronto, Canada)580.00.058138450 g sucrose59100.00.059138550 g sucrose600.00.060138625 g sucrose (Redpath Sugars, Canada)6600.00.060138725 g sucrose28640.00.064138850 g sucrose6590.00.0651389100 g sucrose (Redpath Sugars, Canada)12650.00.065139030 g sucrose29820.00.082139125 g sucrose6110210.00.01101392mean of 10 studies6856.80.7100.3510681393Sugar alcohols and sugar-replacement compounds1394Lactitol139525 g lactitol30-170.00.0-1139625 g lactitol MC (Danisco sweeteners, Redhill, Surrey, UK)30310.00.031397mean of two studies230.20.7100.351021398Litesse139925 g Litesse II, bulking agent with polydextrose and sorbitol (Danisco Sweeteners, UK)30720.70.7100.35107140025 g Litesse III ultra, bulking agent with polydextrose and sorbitol (Danisco Sweeteners, UK)30420.40.7100.351041401Maltitol-based sweeteners or bulking agents140225 g Malbit CR (87% maltitol) (Cerestar, Vilvoorde, Belgium)3030123.00.7100.351030140325 g Maltidex 100 (> 72% maltitol) (Cerestar, Vilvoorde, Belgium)3044114.40.7100.351044140425 g Malbit CH (99% maltitol) (Cerestar, Vilvoorde, Belgium)3073297.30.7100.351073140525 g Maltidex 200 (50% maltitol) (Cerestar, Vilvoorde, Belgium)3089288.90.7100.3510891406Xylitol140725 g xylitol30770.00.07140825 g Xylitol C (Danisco Sweeteners, UK)30820.00.081409mean of two studies810.80.7100.35108Back to Top1411VEGETABLES1413Green peas1414Pea, frozen, boiled (Canada)6392.70.5802.827391415Pea, frozen, boiled (Canada)65163.60.5802.827511416Pea, green (Pisum Sativum) (India)1154143.80.5802.827541417mean of three studies4853.40.5802.827481418Pumpkin (South Africa)7593.00.3802.824751419Sweet corn1420Sweet corn, 'Honey & Pearl' variety (New Zealand)37125.91.1802.8216371421Sweet corn on the cob, boiled 20 min (Sydney, Australia)487.71.1802.8216481422Sweet corn (Canada)591110.61.2802.8218591423Sweet corn, boiled (USA)6010.81.2802.8218601424Sweet corn, boiled (USA)6010.81.2802.8218601425Sweet corn (South Africa)62511.21.2802.8218621426mean of six studies5449.21.1802.8217541427Sweet corn, whole kernel, diet-pack, Featherweight, canned, drained, heated (USA)466.40.9802.8214461428Sweet corn, frozen, heated in microwave (Green Giant, Pillsbury Canada Ltd., Toronto, Canada)477.11.0802.821547Back to Top1429VEGETABLES, ROOT1430Beetroot (Canada)664164.50.5802.827641431Carrots1432Carrots, raw (Romania)5,6161.30.5802.828161433Carrots, peeled, boiled (Sydney, NSW, Australia)63251.60.3802.825321434Carrots, peeled, boiled (Sydney, NSW, Australia)64922.50.3802.825491435Carrots, NS8 (Canada)692205.50.4802.826921436mean of four studies47162.80.4802.826471437Cassava, boiled, with salt (Kenya, Africa)4612.41.81003.5327461438Parsnips (Canada)6971911.60.8802.8212971439Potato1440Baked potato1441Ontario, white, baked in skin (Canada)6018.02.01505.2930601442Baked Potato, Russet Burbank potatoes1443Russet, baked without fat (Canada)560.00.0561444Russet, baked without fat, 45-60 min (USA)780.00.0781445Russet, baked without fat (USA)940.00.0941446Russet, baked without fat (USA)1110.00.01111447mean of four studies851225.52.01505.2930851448Boiled potato1449Desiree, peeled, boiled 35 min (Australia)1011517.21.11505.29171011450Nardine (New Zealand)701717.51.71505.2925701451Ontario, white, peeled, cut into cubes, boiled in salted water 15 min (Canada)5815.71.81505.2927581452Pontiac, peeled, boiled whole for 30 min (Australia)5614.61.71505.2926561453Pontiac, peeled, boiled 35 min (Australia)88915.81.21505.2918881454Prince Edward Island, peeled, cubed, boiled in salted water 15 min (Canada)6311.31.21505.2918631455Sebago, peeled, boiled 35 min (Australia)87714.81.11505.2917871456Boiled/cooked potato, white/Type NS81457Type NS (Kenya, Africa)246.71.91505.2928241458White, cooked (Romania)54112.32.01505.2930411459White, boiled (Canada)5414.61.81505.2927541460Type NS, boiled (Australia)5610.61.31505.2919561461Type NS, boiled in salted water (India)7625.82.31505.2934761462mean of five studies50914.01.91505.2928501463Type NS, boiled in salted water, refrigerated, reheated (India)237.82.31505.2934231464Canned potatoes1465Prince Edward Island, canned, heated in microwave (Avon, Cobi Foods Inc., Port Williams, Canada)6111.01.21505.2918611466New, canned, heated in microwave 3 min (Mint Tiny Taters, Edgell's, Cheltenham, Vic, Australia)65911.71.21505.2918651467mean of two studies63211.31.21505.2918631468French Fries1469French fries, frozen, reheated in microwave (Cavendish Farms, New Annan, Canada)7521.81.91505.2929751470Instant Mashed potato1471Instant (France)74120.00.0741472Instant (Canada)80130.00.0801473Instant (Edgell's Potato Whip, Edgell's, Australia)860.00.0861474Instant (Carnation Foods Co. Ltd., Manitoba, Canada)860.00.0861475Instant (Canada)880.00.0881476Instant mashed potato (Idahoan Foods, Lewisville, ID, USA)9760.00.0971477mean of six studies85317.01.31505.2920851478Mashed potato1479Type NS8 (Canada)670.00.0671480Type NS8 (South Africa)71100.00.0711481Type NS8 (France)830.00.0831482mean of three studies74514.81.31505.2920741483Prince Edward Island, peeled, cubed, boiled 15 min, mashed (Canada)7313.11.21505.2918731484Pontiac, peeled, cubed, boiled 15 min, mashed (Australia)91918.21.31505.2920911485Microwaved potato1486Pontiac, peeled and microwave on high for 6-7.5 min (Australia)79914.21.21505.2918791487Type NS8, microwaved (USA)8227.12.21505.2933821488New Potato1489New (Canada)470.00.0471490New (Canada)540.00.0541491New (Canada)7080.00.0701492mean of three studies57712.01.41505.2921571493New, unpeeled and boiled 20 min (Australia)781216.41.41505.2921781494Steamed potato1495Potato, peeled, steamed 1 h (Solanum Tuberosum) (India)11651117.61.81505.2927651496Potato dumplings (white wheat flour, white potatoes, boiled in salted water (Italy))5223.43.01505.2945521497Sweet potato1498Sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas (Australia)4411.01.71505.2925441499Sweet potato, NS8 (Canada)48616.32.31505.2934481500Sweet potato, peeled, cubed, boiled in salted water 15 min (Canada)5917.72.01505.2930591501Sweet potato, kumara (New Zealand)771219.31.71505.2925771502Sweet potato, kumara (New Zealand)78619.51.71505.2925781503mean of five studies61717.11.91505.2928611504Swede1505Swede (rutabaga) (Canada)67287.20.71505.2910721506Tapioca1507Tapioca boiled with milk (General Mills Canada Inc., Etobicoke, Canada)8114.61.22508.8218811508Tapioca (Manihot Utilissima), steamed 1 h (India)11701012.61.22508.8218701509Taro1510Taro (Colocasia esculenta) peeled, boiled (Australia)540.00.0541511Taro, peeled, boiled (New Zealand)56120.00.0561512mean of two studies5514.40.51505.298551513Ya