!Nombre:!__________________________________! !!!Clase:!_______! !!!!Fecha:!______________! !!

Español!3!Repaso!de!español!1!y!2!!

**!Please!have!this!summer!review!packet!complete!before+returning+to+school.!Use!the!on6line!text!book!for!help.!Remember!the!!back!of!the!book!has!grammar!reference!pages!and!charts.!You$may$also$use$spanishdictionary.com!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!STAY+AWAY+FROM+GOOGLE+TRANSLATOR!!!!!+++***+After+school+begins+there+will+be+a+test+on+much+of+this+material+after+2+weeks+of+heavy+review+in+class++so+make+sure+you+brush+up+over+the+summer.+None+of+this+material+should+be+new,+it’s+just+review.+We+will+go+over+this+in+class.+We+will+continue+in+the+red+wookbooks+as+well.This+will+serve+as+your+study+guide.+Don’t+procrastiniate!!!+The+sooner+you+begin+the+easier+it+will+be+to+remember+the+material.+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++I’m+looking+foward+to+meeting+you+all+and+having+a+great+and+fun+year!!!+++!!1.!What!are!the!definite!articles(the)?!_______________________!!2.!Indefinite!articles(a/an/some)?!________________________!!!3.!What!are!the!direct!object!pronouns?!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!4.!What!are!the!indirect!object!pronouns?!(used!with!gustar)!!!!!!!1._____________!1.!______________! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1._____________!1.!______________!!!!!!!2.!_____________2.!______________! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2.!_____________2.!______________!!!!!!!3._____________!3.!______________! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3._____________!3.!______________!!!5.!What!are!the!reflexive!pronouns?!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!6.!What!are!the!prepositional!pronouns?!(following!“de”!and!“a”)!:!!!!!!1._____________!!1.!______________! !1.______________________!!!!1.!_______________________! !!!!!!2.!_____________!2.!______________! 2.!______________________!!!2.!_______________________! !!!!!!3._____________!!3.!______________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3._______________________!!3.!_______________________!!!7.!What!are!the!possessive!adjectives?!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!8.!What!are!the!Subject!Pronouns?!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1._______________________!!!1.!_______________________!!!!!1._______________________!!!1.!_______________________!!! !!!!!2.!______________________!!!!2.!______________________!!!!!!!2.!______________________!!!!2.!______________________!!!! !!!!!3.________________________!3.!______________________!!!!!!!3.________________________!3.!______________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Escribe!el!adjetivo!posesivo!correcto.!(write!the!correct!possessive!adjectives)!!

9.!Voy!al!aeropuerto!con!_______________________________!(my)!padres.!!!

!!!!!10.!¿Tienen!Uds.!___________!(your)!pasaportes?!!

!!!!!11.!Necesitamos!!!_____________________________!(our)!peines!para!peinarnos.!!!!!!!!12.!No!sabes!donde!está!!______________________!(your)!tarjeta!de!embarque.!!!!!!!13.!¿Queréis!!_______________________!(your)!maletas!en!el!baúl?!!!!!!!14.!¿!Dónde!podemos!poner!__________________!(our)!maletas?!!!!!!!15.!Compré!_______________!(my)!sacos!de!dormir!ayer.!!!!!!!16.!Cuando!vamos!de!camping!tenemos!que!armar!___________________!(our)!carpa.!!!!!!!17.!____________________!(their)!familia!es!muy!grande.!!!!!!!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!18.!What!are!the!verb!endings!for!AR!verbs!!in!the!present?!________________________________________!!!!!!!19.!What!are!the!verb!endings!for!ER!verbs!in!the!present?!!!!________________________________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!20.!What!are!the!verb!endings!for!IR!verbs!in!the!present?!!!!________________________________________!!!!!!!!21.!Conjugate!the!following!verbs!to!the!present!(presente)!and$give$the$definitions:!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Hacer:______________! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Venir!:___________!!!!!!!!!!!!!1.______________!!!1.!________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1.!______________!!!!1.!_________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!2.!_____________!!!!2.!________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2.!______________!!!!2.!________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!3.!_____________!!!!3.!________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3.!_______________!!3.!________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Sacar:_______________! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Salir!:___________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!1.______________!!!1.!_________________! 1.!______________!!!1.!_______________!!!!!!!!!!!!!2.!_____________!!!!2.!________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2.!______________!!!2.!_______________!!!!!!!!!!!!!3.!_____________!!!!3.!________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3.!_______________!!3.!______________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Comenzar:______________! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Dormir!:___________!!!!!!!!!!!!!1._______________!!!1.!_________________! 1.!________________!!!1.!_________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!2.!______________!!!!2.!________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2.!________________!!!2.!_________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!3.!______________!!!!3.!________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3.!________________!!3.!_________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Traer:________________! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!Tener!:_____________!!!!!!!!!!!!!1._______________!!!1.!_________________! 1.!________________!!!1.!__________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!2.!______________!!!!2.!_________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2.!________________!!2.!__________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!3.!______________!!!!3.!________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3.!________________!!3.!!_________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Saber:________________! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Ir!:______________!!!!!!!!!!!!!1.!______________!!!1.!_________________! 1.!_____________!!!1.!________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!2.!______________!!!!2.!________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2.!______________!!2.!________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!3.!______________!!!!3.!________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3.!______________!!3.!________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Ser:_________________! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Ver!:_____________!!!!!!!!!!!!!1._____________!!!1.!_______________! 1.!______________!!!1.!_______________!!!!!!!!!!!!!2.!____________!!!!2.!_______________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2.!______________!!!2.!_______________!!!!!!!!!!!!!3.!____________!!!!3.!_______________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3.!_______________!!3.!______________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Pedir:________________! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Querer:_____________!!!!!!!!!!!!!1.__________________!!!1.!___________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1.!_________________!!!1.!___________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!2.!_________________!!!!2.!___________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2.!_________________!!2.!__________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!3.!_________________!!!!3.!___________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3.!_________________!!3.!_________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Preferir:______________! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!Estar!:_____________!!!!!!!!!!!!!1.___________________!!!1.!____________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1.!__________________!!!!1.!__________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!2.!__________________!!!!2.!____________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2.!__________________!!!!!2.!_________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!3.!__________________!!!!3.!____________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3.!____________________!!3.!_________________!!!!!!!22.!What!are!the!verb!endings!for!regular!AR!verbs!in!the!preterite?!_________________________________!!!!!!23.What!are!the!verb!endings!for!regular!ER/IR!verbs!in!the!preterite?!!_____________________________!!!!!!24.!Conjugate!the!verbs!in!the!past+tense+(el+pretérito):!and$give$the$definitions:!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Escribir:!_____________! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Dar!:_____________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1._______________!!!1.!_______________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1.!____________!!1.!___________!!!!!!!!!!!!!2.!______________!!!!2.!_______________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2.!____________!!2.!___________!!!!!!!!!!!!!3.!_____________!!!!!!3.!_______________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3.!____________!!3.!___________!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Ser!/!Ir:______________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Ver!:_____________!!!!!!!!!!!!!1.___________!!!1.!______________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1.!______________!!1.!_______________!!!!!!!!!!!!!2.!__________!!!!2.!______________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2.!______________!!2.!_______________!!!!!!!!!!!!!3.!_________!!!!!!3.!______________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3.!______________!!!!3.!______________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Subir:__________________! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Bajar!:__________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!1.______________!!!1.!________________! !1.!______________!!!!1.!_________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!2.!_____________!!!!2.!_______________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2.!______________!!!!2.!_________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!3.!_____________!!!!3.!_______________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3.!_______________!!3.!________________!!!

25.!To!form!the!present!progressive!(presente$progresivo)!tense!you!need!2!things:_____________________________________.!!26.!What!are!the!present!participle!endings!for!AR!and!ER/IR!verbs?______________________________________________.!!27.!When!does!the!“i”!change!to!a!“y”?!______________________________________________________________________.!

!!!!!!!28.!Where!do!direct!object!pronouns!go!when!using!the!present!progressive?!________________________________________.!!!Escribe!la!frase!usando!el!presente!progresivo!con!complementos!directos!cuando!posible..!!(Write!the!sentences!in!the!present!progressive!and!use!direct!object!pronouns!when!possible).!!!!!!!!29.!__________________________________________________:!Tú!:!servir!la!cena.!

!!!!!!!30.__________________________________________________:!!Los!amigos!:!comer!su!almuerzo.!

!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!31.__________________________________________________:!!El!profesor!:!leer!un!libro.!!

!!!!!!!32.!!__________________________________________________:!Yo!:!estudiar!para!el!examen!!!!!!!!33.!__________________________________________________:!!Nosotras!:!subir!el!telesilla.!!!!!!!!34.!__________________________________________________:!Vosotros!:!aprender!mucho!español.!!!!!!!!35.!!_________________________________________________:!Uds.!:!beber!un!refresco.!!!!!!!!36.!_________________________________________________:!Ella!:!!hablar!con!el!médico!!!!!!!!37.!_________________________________________________:!El!avión:!aterrizar!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!38.!!What!is!the!formula!to!express!what!“someone!is!going!to!do”.!____________________________________________!

!Traduce!al!español!(translate!to!Spanish):!!!39.!I’m!going!to!go!to!school.!_____________________________________________________________.!!!40.!We’re!going!to!study.!_____________________________________________________.!!!41.!She’s!going!to!read.!___________________________________________________________.!!!42.!You’re!going!to!take!a!shower.!____________________________________________________________.!!!43.!They’re!going!to!get!up!early!tomorrow.____________________________________________________.!!!Gustar!/!Parecer!/!Interesar!/!Aburrir!(Fill!in!the!correct!pronouns!and!verb!endings)!!44.!!A!______!me!gust_____!los!deportes.! 45.!A!nosotros!_____!gust______!hacer!ejercicios.!!46.!!A!ti!______!gust_____!el!fútbol.! 47.!!A!ellos!_______!interes_______!los!libros.!!48.!!A!ella!no!____!interes_____!la!escuela.! 49.!!A!_____!me!parec_____!bonitos.!!50.!!A!él!_____!parec___!difícil.! 51.!!A!José!y!a!Juan!______!aburr_______!las!películas!de!amor.!

!!!52.!What!are!some!key!terms!that!indicate!you’ll!use!the!preterite:!!Last!night!__________________!!The!day!before!yesterday!______________________!!Last!week!___________________________!!Yesterday__________________!!!!!!!!2!weeks!ago!_________________________!!Last!weekend!_________________________________________!!Escribe!la!forma!correcta!de!cada!verbo!(usa!el!presente!o!el!pretérito).!

!!!!!!!53.!Anoche!yo!____________________!(acostarse)!tarde.!

!!!!!!!54.!!Hoy!tú!!____________________________!(despertarse)!muy!tarde.!!

!!!!!!!55.!!El!fin!de!semana!pasado!nosotros!__________________________________!(ir)!al!médico.!!!!!!!!56.!Ellos!____________________________!(bańarse)!por!la!mañana.!!!!!!!!!!57.!!Mis!hermanas!!_______________!(lavarse)!el!pelo!en!la!ducha.!!!!!!!!58.!!Marina!y!Miguel!!____________________!(cepillarse)!los!dientes!despues!de!desayunar.!

!!!!!!!59.!!Nosotros!__________________________________!!(divertirse)!ayer.!!!!!!!!60.!!Tú!siempre!_______________!(dormirse)!a!las!nueve!menos!veinte.!!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!61.!!Yo!!_______________________!(ponerse)!el!suéter!cuando!tengo!frío.!!!!!!!!62.!!Mi!abuela!!____________________________!(quitarse)!cuando!tiene!calor.!!!

63.!!Mis!primas!____________________________!(levantarse)!a!las!ocho!de!la!mañana!ayer.!!

64.!!Yo!____________________________!(hablar)!con!mis!abuelos!hace!2!semanas.!! ! ! !

65.!!Leticia!____________________(mirarse)!en!el!espejo!cuando!______________!(peinarse).!!!

66.!Voy!a!!_____________________(sentarse)!en!el!comedor!cuando!_________!(hacer)!mi!tarea.!!!Write!the!tener!idiom(expression)!to!express!the!following.!! !!!!67.!to!be!very!hungry.!________________________________.!!!!68.!to!be!thirsty.!_______________________________.!!!!!!68.!to!be!in!a!big!hurry.!_______________________________.!!!69.!to!be!15!years!old.!_______________________________!.!

!!!!!70.!to!have!to!do!something.!____________________________.!!71.!to!feel!like!doing!something.!!__________________________.!!!Escribe!la!hora!en!español.!(Write!the!time!in!Spanish,!include$time$of$day:$morning,$afternoon,$night)$+!!!!72.!12:47!pm:!___________________________________________________________________________________.!

!!!!!73.!10:16!am:!___________________________________________________________________________________.!!!!!!74.!8:23!pm:!___________________________________________________________________________________.!!!!!!!75.!¿Cuáles!son!los!días!de!la!semana?!________________________________________________________________________!!!!!!!!!!!!_________________________________.!!!76.!¿Cuáles!son!los!meses!del!año?!__________________________________________________________________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!_________________________________________________________________________________________________.!!!77.¿Cuáles!son!las!estaciones!del!año?!_____________________________________________________________________.!

!!

78.!Translate!the!following:!!!How?!!_____________!!!!!!Because!!_________________!!!!Which?!(plural)!!__________________!!!!!!!!!Who?!_______________!!!!!!!!!!Who?!(plural)!_________________!!!!What?!_______________!!Why?!________________!!!!!!!!!When?!______________! !!!!!Why!not?!____________________!!!!!Where?!______________!!Which?!_______________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!79.!Conjugate!the!following!endings!for!the!imperfect:!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Hablar:! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Comer!:!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1.____________!!!1.!______________! 1.!______________!!!1.!_______________!!!!!!!!!!!!!2.!___________!!!!2.!_____________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2.!______________!!2.!_______________!!!!!!!!!!!!!3.!___________!!!!3.!_____________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3.!______________!!3.!______________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Vivir:! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!IR!:!!!!!!!!!!!!!1.____________!!!1.!______________! 1.!___________!!!1.!____________!!!!!!!!!!!!!2.!___________!!!!2.!_____________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2.!___________!!2.!____________!!!!!!!!!!!!!3.!___________!!!!3.!_____________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3.!____________!!3.!___________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Ser:!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Ver!:!!!!!!!!!!!!!1.____________!!!1.!______________! 1.!___________!!!1.!____________!!!!!!!!!!!!!2.!___________!!!!2.!_____________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2.!___________!!2.!____________!!!!!!!!!!!!!3.!___________!!!!3.!_____________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3.!____________!!3.!___________!!!80.!What!are!some!key!terms!that!indicate!you’ll!use!the!imperfect?!!(almost)!always!__________________________________!(almost)!never!_________________________________!!Every!(día!/!week!/!month!/!year!/summer)!________________________________________________________________________!!When!I!was!15!!years!old.!_____________________________!!It!was!5pm!___________________!It!was!1pm!_________________!!Some/at!times!___________________!from!time!to!time!_________________________!often!_________________!!!Frequently!______________________________!!!81.What!are!some!verbs!that!deal!with!mental!activities!or!conditions!that!would!call!for!the!imperfect?!!To!want!___________________!to!feel!like!(doing!something)_________________________!to!be!able!to!_______________!!To!know!__________________!to!like!_____________________!to!think/believe!_________________/___________________!!!Escribe!la!forma!correcta!de!cada!verbo!(usa!el!imperfectivo!o!el!pretérito).!!82.!!Yo!siempre!____________________!vivir!en!California.!(tener!ganas!de)!!83.!Mis!padres!____________________ayer!y!nosotros!____________________!a!cenar!anoche.!(llegar,!salir)!

!84.!Carolina!____________________!hablar!tres!idiomas.!(saber)!!85.!Había!un!parque!cerca!de!la!casa!de!mis!padres.!Ellos!____________________!allá!cada!noche.!(caminar)!!86.!¿Por!qué!tú!no!____________________!jugar!fútbol!con!nosotros!los!sábados!por!la!mañana?!(querer)!!87.!Recibí!una!llamada!ayer!por!la!tarde.!¿Me!____________________!tú?!(llamar)!!88.!Marta!siempre!____________________!comer!el!pescado!en!vez!de!la!carne.!(preferir)!!89.!____________________!las!cuatro!cuando!yo!____________________!de!las!clases!ayer.!(Ser,!regresar)!!90.!Cuando!el!teléfono!___________________!(sonar),!Pedro!____________________!(buscar)!información!en!el!!!!!!!!!!!!Internet!para!nuestro!proyecto.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Felicidades!!!!!!!!!!!!!You!finished!!!!!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!DO!I!UNDERSTAND!REFLEXIVE!VERBS!?!!

1.! Can!I!identify!a!reflexive!verb!when!I!see!it?!!

(!an!infinitive!with!“se”!attached!to!the!end!or!before!a!conjugated!verb)!!

2.! Do!I!know!what!the!verb!means?!!3.! Is!it!a!regular!or!stem!changing!verb?!

!(If!a!stem!changing!verb!(BOOT$VERB),!which!is!it:!!e:ie!!e:i!o:ue!)!

!4.! Can!I!conjugate!the!reflexive!verb?!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(!For!this!I!need!to!know!my!–ar!–er!and!–ir!endings)!!

5.! Do!I!know!my!reflexive!pronouns?!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!me!!!!nos!

te!!!!!!!os!se!!!!!!!se!

!!!!!!!6.! Do!I!know!where!the!reflexive!pronouns!go?!

!Y! Before!a!conjugated!verb.!!!Me!baño!todos!los!días.!Y! Attached!to!an!infinitive.!!!!!Necesito!bañarme!todos!los!días.!!

7.! Do!I!know!the!key!phrases!that!tell!me!to!leave!the!verb!in!the!infinitive?!!YPara!!!!!!YDespués$de!!!!!Y!Antes$de!!!!!$$

8.! Do!I!know!when!to!leave!it!in!the!infinitive?!!

After!a!conjugated!verb!or!when!part!of!a!formula!with!a!conjugated!verb:!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Y! !!a!form!of!!acabar$de$+$inf.$Y! !!Tener!que!+!inf.!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Y!!!!!!!Tener!ganas!de!+!inf.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Y!!!!!!!!_______!gusta!+!inf.!!!!!!!!!Ex.!!Tengo!que!lavarme!la!cara.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Quieres!levantarte&temprano.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Tenemos!ganas!de!bañarnos&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Vas!a!despertarte!temprano.!!!!

!Here!is!what!was!covered!in!Spanish!1!and!2!

!!!Spanish!1!concepts!!Ch.1%Nouns,%adjectives,%Ser,%tú%and%usted.%Ch.2%The%verb%Tener%and%possessive%adjectives.%Ch.3%contractions%al%and%del,!present%tense!–ar!verbs,!ir,!dar,!estar!Ch.4%present%tense%–er,!8ir!verbs,!expressions%with%infinitives%%ir!(a!form!of!ir)!+a!!+!inf.,!tener!que+inf.,!acabar!de!+!inf.!Ch.5%Present%tense%stem%changing%verbs,%verbs%like%gustar,!interesar,!aburrir!Ch.6%ser%and%estar,!indirect!object!pronouns(IOP’s)!me,!te,!le,!nos,!os,!les!!Spanish!2!concepts!Blue!Book!Ch.7%preterite%of%regular!–ar!verbs,!and!ser/ir,%direct%object%pronouns%(me,te,lo/la,nos,os,los/las)!Ch.8%Preterite%of%%–er/8ir!verbs,!affirmative%and%negative%words%(nunca/siempre,!alguien/nadie,etc.)!Ch.9%Present%tense%of%saber!and!conocer,!comparatives!and!superlatives(!más!que/menos!que,!etc)!Red!Book!Ch.1%8go!verbs,!present!progressive!(8ando,!8iendo)!Ch.2%Reflexive%verbs%and%favor!de%Ch.3%Preterite%of%irregular%verbs,%decir,%prepositional%pronouns%Ch.4%Stem%changing%verbs%in%present/preterite,%adjectives%of%nationalities,%passive%se%Ch.5%Regular%and%irregular%imperfect%tense%Ch.6%Preterite%and%imperfect%tenses%together.%

!Placement!of!Pronouns!(Reflexive)/)Indirect)and)Direct)Object)Pronouns))

!Pronombre!del!complemento!directo.!(Direct!object!pronouns)!!*!Before!conjugated!verbs:!!!!!(No)!Lo!estoy!leyendo.!!!!!!!(present!progressive)!!!!!!!!!I’m!(not)reading!it.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(No)Lo!leo.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(present)! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!I!(don’t)read!it,!I’m!(not)reading!it.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(No)Lo!leí.! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(preterite)! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!I!(didn’t)!read!it.!! !¡No!lo!comas!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(negative!command)!!!!Don’t!eat!it!!! !Lo!habríamos!visto!!!!!!!!!!!!(conditional)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!We!would!have!seen!him/it.!!!*Attached!to!conjugated!verbs:!!!!!!!!¡Léelo!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(affirmative!command)!!!!!!!!!!Read!it!!!*Attached!to!participles:!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Estoy!leyéndolo! (present!progressive)!!!!!!!!!!I’m!reading!it.!!*Attached!to!infinitives:!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Quiero!leerlo! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(present)! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!I!want!to!read!it.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Pronombre!del!complemento!indirecto.!!(Indirect!object!pronoun!)!!!*!Before!conjugated!verbs:!!!!!!!!!!!!Le!gusta!el!libro!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(present)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!He/she!likes!the!book.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Le!estoy!leyendo!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(present!progressive)!!!!I’m!reading!to!him/her.!! No!le!hables!a!èl!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(negative!command)!!!!!Don’t!talk!to!him.!! ! ! ! !!!!!!!!!Te!habríamos!visto!!!!!!!!!!!!(conditional!perfect)!!!!We!would!have!seen!him/it.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Te!diría!mi!dirección!!!!!!!!!(conditional)! I!would!tell!you!my!address.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Te!hemos!visto!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(presnt!perfect)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!We!have!seen!him/it.!!*Attached!to!conjugated!verbs:!!!!Léele!el!libro.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(affirmative!command)!!!!!!!!Read!the!book!to!him/her!!!!!!!!!!!*Attached!to!infinitives:! Quiero!hablarle!! (present)! ! I!want!to!speak!to!him/her.!!*Attached!to!participles:!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Estoy!leyéndole!!!!!!(present!progressive)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!I’m!reading!to!him/her.!!!Pronombres!reflexivos!(reflexive!pronouns)!!*!Before!conjugated!verbs:!!!!!!!!!Te!bañas!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(present)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!You!bathe!(!You’re!bathing.)!! Te!voy!a!bañar!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(present)! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!You’re!going!to!bathe.!! Te!tienes!que!bañar.! !!(present)! You!have!to!bathe!(washXup).!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Te!estás!bañando!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(present!progressive)!!!!!You’re!bathing.!! No!te!bañes! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(negative!command)!!!!!!!Don’t!bathe.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Me!despertaría!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(conditional)! !!I!would!wake!up.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Me!habría!despertado!!!!!!!(conditional!perfect)!!!!!!!I!!would!have!woken!up.!!!*Attached!to!conjugated!verbs:!!!!!!Báñate!ahora.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(affirmative!command)!!!!!!!!!!Bathe!(washXup)!now.!! !Vas!a!bañarte!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(present)! !!!You’re!going!to!bathe.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Tienes!que!bañarte!!!!!(present)! !!!You!have!to!bathe!(washXup).!!*Attached!to!infinitives:!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Vas!a!bañarte!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(presente)! You’re!going!to!bathe.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Tienes!que!bañarte!!!!!(presente)! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!You!have!to!bathe!!!*Attached!to!participles:!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Estás!bañándote!!!!!!!!!!(present!progressive)!!!!!!!!!You’re!bathing!(washingXup)!!

Review&of&Grammar&Rules&

&

&

_____1.&&&&Stem&changing&verbs&have&a&stem&change&in&every&person&except&1st&and&2nd&person&&plural.&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&

&

_____2.&&&&&The&only&verb&in&the&u:ue&stem&changing&group&is&Jugar.&

&

_____&3.&&&&Tener,&Venir,&Salir,&and&Conocer&are&called&“Yo”&verbs.&

&

_____&4.&&&A&present&tense&verb&conjugation&ending&with&the&letter&(n)&is&a&3rd&person&plural&conjugation.&

&

_____&5.&&&The&indirect&object&pronouns&used&with&Gustar&are:&me,&te,&le,&nos,&os,&se.&

&

_____&6.&&&When&a&word&like&lapiz&is&changed&from&singular&to&plural&in&Spanish,&the&(z)&to&a&(c)&before&adding(es).&

&

______7.&&When&a&noun&ending&in&a&vowel&changes&from&singular&to&plural&in&Spanish,&(es)&is&added&to&make&the&&

&&&&noun&plural.&&&

&

_____&8.&&&The&days&of&the&week&and&months&are&capitalized&in&Spanish&as&they&are&in&English.&

&

_____&9.&&&Muchos,&pocos,&and&&¿Cuántos…?&must&agree&with&the&nouns&that&follow&them&in&gender&and&number.&

&

____&10.&&&Nuestro,&tu&and&su&must&agree&with&the&nouns&that&they&refer&to&by&both&gender&and&number.&

&

_____11.&&&In&the&sentence&(Es&el&carro&de&Juan),&(de)&is&the&equivalent&of&the&English&(‘s).&

&

_____12.&&&Nosotros&is&the&2nd&person&plural&subject&pronoun.&

&

_____13.&&The&(os)&in&nosotros,&vosotros,&and&ellos&refer&to&an&all&male&group&or&a&mixed&group&(males&and&&&&

females).&

&

_____14.&&The&letter&(c)&has&the&(s)&sound&when&it&is&written&before&the&letter&(e)&and&(i).&

&

_____&15.&&The&letter&(g)&has&the&(h)&sound&when&it’s&written&before&the&letter&(e)&and&(i).&

&

_____&16.&&The&letter&(h)&is&silent&and&not&pronounced&in&Spanish.&

&

_____&17.&&The&(j)&has&the&(h)&sound&all&the&time.&

&

_____&18.&&The&mark&above&the&letter&(ň)&is&called&a&tilde.&

&

_____&19.&&Estar&is&used&with&physical&desciptions.&

&

_____&20.&&Ser&is&used&for&identification.&

&

_____&21.&&Ser&is&used&to&say&where&someone&is&located.&

&

_____&22.&&Ser&is&used&for&stating&someone’s&nationality.&&

&

_____&23.&&Ser&is&used&to&describe&someone’s&emotional&state.&

&

_____&24.&&Estar&is&used&to&say&where&someone&is&from.&

&

_____&25.&&Ser&is&used&when&telling&time.&

&

_____&26.&&Hace%frío&means&I%am%cold,&and&Tengo%frío&means&It’s%cold%outside.&&

_____&27.&&The&verb&Gustar&has&2&conjugations&–&3rd&person&singular&gusta&and&3rd&person&plural&gustan.&&

_____&28.&&The&conjugations&of&gustar&are&determined&by&the&number&of&people&who&like/dislike&something.&

&

_____&29.&&The&word&no&always&goes&after&a&conjugated&verb.&&

_____&30.&&Después%means&before&and&Antes&means&after.&&

_____&31.&&Con&means&with&and&sin&means&without.&&

_____&&32.&&The&stem&for&limpiar&is&limp.&&

_____&33.&&The&–er&and&–ir&verbs&in&the&present&tense&have&the&same&endings&exceptfor&the&1st&person&plural&and&

3rd&person&plural.&

&

_____&34.&&Si&means&yes&and&sí&means&if.&&

_____&35.&&Tú%is&the&possessive&adjective&that&means&your&and&tu&is&the&subject&pronoun&that&means&you.&&

_____&36.&&You&familiar&may&be&spelled&usted&or&abbreviated&Ud.&&

_____&37.%%Estudia&translates&to&He,&she&or&you&study.&&

_____&38.&Unos&and&unas&translate&as&a&and&an&and&must&agree&in&gender&and&number.&&

_____&39.&&Every&Spanish&question&begins&with&an&upside&down&question&mark&and&every&Spanish&interrogative&&&&&

has&an&accent.&

&

_____&40.&&Nouns&that&end&in&(o)&are&often&masculine&and&those&that&end&in&(a)&are&often&feminine.&

&

_____&41.&&Gender&agreement&in&Spanish&means&that&adjectives&and&articles&must&agree&in&gender&and&number&

with&the&nouns&they&modify&or&refer&to.&

&

_____&42.&&The&indefinite&articles&are&el,%la,%los,%las.&&

_____&43.&&Adjectives&are&located&after&the&nouns&they&modify.&&

_____&44.&&(No,&I&don’t&have.)&is&written&in&Spanish&as&(No&tengo).&

&

_____&45.&&An&infinitive&is&defined&as&the&word&to&plus&an%action.&&

_____&46.&&If&the&time&is&between&2:00f12:00,&the&words&to&begin&writing&out&the&time&are&Son%las…&&

_____&47.&&Mi&means&me&and&mí&means&my.%%_____%48.%%The%s%ending%on%tienes%makes&the&verb&plural.%%%%_____&49.%&&If&the&time&is&between&1:00f1:30,&the&words&to&begin&to&write&out&the&time&would&be&Es&la&una…..&&

_____&50.&&If&there&is&a&stemfchanging&infinitive&that&has&two&(e’s)&in&it&like&preferir,&the&second&(e)&gets&the&stem&change.&