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1 anticipate verb 1 assertion noun 1 believe wholeheartedly phrase 1 choose wisely phrase 1 clueless adjectve 1 come back to haunt you idiom 1 courage in the face of an aff phrase 1 critical thinking skills phrase 1 enquiring mind phrase 1 eye-opener noun 1 go to incredible lengths idiom 1 hoodwink verb 1 lap up phrasal ver 1 make a flying visit phrase 1 make an informed choice phrase 1 mismatch noun 1 out in all weathers phrase 1 perform a trick phrase 1 positive outlook phrase 1 serendipity noun 1 set foot in phrase 1 share a viewpoint phrase 1 splitting headache phrase 1 suffer from stage fright phrase 1 well-intentioned adjective 2 account for phrasal ver 2 biological diversity phrase 2 budget constraints phrase 2 completely thrown phrase 2 create wealth phrase 2 die out phrasal ver 2 facet noun 2 fail to take into account phrase

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Sheet11anticipate verbto expect something or prepare for something before it happensAre you anticipating a big crowd at the party tonight?anticipar, esperar1assertionnouna statement that you strongly believe is trueI don't agree with his assertion that men are safer drivers than women.afirmacin1believe wholeheartedly phraseto be completely sure about somethingI believe wholeheartedly that this plan will succeed.estar completamente convencido1choose wiselyphraseto make a good decision about somethingHe chose his staff wisely, and the company was a huge success.elegir sabiamente1clueless adjectvewithout any knowledge about a situation or subjectwithout any knowledge about a situation or subjectdesinformado1come back to haunt youidiomIf something you do comes back to haunt you, it has bad consequences at a later time.Her earlier lies have come back to haunt her now.regresar para atormentarte1courage in the face of an affliction phrasethe ability to stay brave even though you are sufferingDespite their problems, they remain positive and show courage in the face of affliction.valor ante el sufrimiento1critical thinking skillsphrasethe ability to analyse or evaluate information without letting feelings or opinions influence youMany people believe that that critical thinking skills should be taught in schools.capacidad de pensamiento crtico1enquiring mindphraseSomeone who has an enquiring mind always wants to find out about things.She had inherited her father's enquiring mind and was hungry for knowledge and information.mente inquisitiva1eye-openernounsomething that surprises you and teaches you new facts about life, people, etc.Living in another country can be a real eye-opener.revelacin1go to incredible lengths idiomto try extremely hard to achieve somethingShe went to incredible lengths to impress her friends.llegar a extremos increbles1hoodwinkverbto deceive or trick someoneHe hoodwinked us into agreeing.engatusar1lap up phrasal verbto accept or believe something with enthusiasmThey positively lapped up everything he said.acoger con entusiasmo1make a flying visit phraseto visit somebody for a short period of timeWe won't have time to stop long we're just making a flying visit on our way to Boston.hacer una visita relmpago1make an informed choice phraseto make a choice that is based on good informationThese leaflets will help you make an informed choice about your treatment.tomar una decisin fundamentada1mismatchnounan occasion when people or things are put together that are not suitable for each otherThere is a mismatch between the capacity of the airport and the large number of people wanting to fly from it.desajuste1out in all weathers phraseoutside whatever the weather is likeI wouldn't like to be a fisherman. They have to be out in all weathers to make a living.salir haga el tiempo que haga1perform a trick phraseto do a magic trick in order to entertain peopleI really liked it when he performed the trick of pulling a rabbit out of a hat.hacer un truco de magia1positive outlook phraseIf you have a positive outlook, you think the future is likely to be good.She has a positive outlook on life.actitud positiva1serendipitynounwhen you are lucky and find something interesting or valuable by chanceOur meeting was pure serendipity.hallazgo fortuito1set foot in phraseto go to or into a certain placeThat owner of that shop is so rude! I'm not seeting foot in there again.poner los pies en 1share a viewpoint phraseto have the same opinions about somethingWe don't agree on everything, but we share a viewpoint on what's best for the children.compartir un punto de vista1splitting headachephrasea very bad pain in your headI've got a splitting headache.terrible dolor de cabeza1suffer from stage fright phraseto be scared of performing in publicAlthough he has a lot of experience as an actor, he still suffers from stage fright.sufrir miedo escnico1well-intentioned adjectivewanting to have good effects, but sometimes having bad effects that were not expectedIt was well-intentioned plan, but it did more harm than good in the long run.bien intencionado2account for phrasal verbto be the reason or explanation for somethingThe recession accounts for the slow growth in the economy.justificar2biological diversity phrasethe range of different life forms living together in one placeThe destruction of the rainforest means there is less biological diversity in the Amazon.diversidad biolgica2budget constraints phraselimits to the amount of money that is available to spendWe can't afford a new photocopier because of the current budget constraints.limitaciones de presupuesto2completely thrown phrasevery surprised and confused, so that you do not know what to do or how to reactI was completely thrown by his questions and didn't know what to say.completamente desorientado2create wealth phraseto make people richerNew firms in the area are helping to create wealth.crear riqueza2die outphrasal verbto become more and more rare and then disappear completelyDinosaurs died out about 65 million years ago.extinguirse2facetnounone part of a subject, situation, etc. that has many partsShe has so many facets to her personality.aspecto, faceta2fail to take into account phraseto not consider or remember something when judging a situationWe failed to take into account the difficuty of persuading people to adopt these measures.no tener en cuenta2fulfil your potential phraseto achieve everything you are capable ofIf James fulfils his potential, he could become a professional actor.hacer realidad lo mucho que promete2get stuck inidiom(informal) to start doing something with energy and purposeWe showed them where the crates had to be moved to, and they got stuck in straight away.ponerse manos a la obra2have a detrimental effect phraseto affect something or someone in a bad waySmoking has a detrimental effect on your health. tener un efecto perjudicial2have limited prospects phraseto not have many opportunities Lack of education means that these young people have limited prospects.tener perspectivas limitadas2have the requisite skills phrase to have the skills that are needed in order to do something This training should give you the requisite skills to do the job.poseer las competencias necesarias2hold your own phraseto be as successful or capable as others in a certain situationElena can hold her own in any conversation on science.defenderse bien2impendingadjectiveAn impending event will happen soon and is usually bad or unpleasant.The high winds warned us of the impending hurricane.inminente2lack resources phraseto not have enough of something you needWe can't expand our business because we lack the financial resources.falta de recursos2language competence phrasethe ability to communicate in a language I lacked the language competence to study in Germany.competencia lingstica2lose touch with your roots phraseto lose contact with or forget about where you came fromPierre has lived abroad for so long that he has lost touch with his roots.olvidarte de tus races2make a conscious decision phraseto intentionally decide to do something I made a conscious decision to eat more healthy foods.adoptar una decisin meditada2make a fool of yourself phraseto make yourself look stupid in front of othersI really made a fool of myself when I couldn't remember her name.hacer el ridculo2produce substantial savings phraseto save a lot of money The new computer system should produce substantial savings. producir ahorros significativos2serve no useful purposephraseto not be useful for anythingNobody ever uses the college coffee machine. It really serves no useful purpose.no servir para nada2settle into the area phraseto get used to a place where you have started to liveIt took Pavel a while to settle into the area, but now he has a lot of good friends here.estar bien establecido en la zona2shift away from phrasal verbto stop using something or doing somethingMany men are starting to shift away from these traditional roles.abandonar, alejarse de 2stand someone in good steadidiomto be useful to someone in the futureThis experience will stand you in good stead when you go to college.resultar muy til2up to scratchidiom(informal) reaching an acceptable standardYour last essay wasn't up to scratch.a la altura3adept adjectivehaving a natural ability to do something that needs skillShe's very adept at dealing with the media.hbil3attention spannounthe length of time that someone can keep their thoughts and interest fixed on somethingYoung children have a quite short attention span.intervalo de atencin3come to terms withphraseto gradually accept a situationYou're going to have to come to terms with the fact that you'll never make much money as an artist. asumir3cultivateverbto try to develop or improve somethingShe has cultivated an image as a tough negotiator.cultivar3digital technologyphraseequipment that uses a computerDigital technology has transformed the way we communicate with each other.tecnologa digital3discourage someone from doing sthphraseto try to persuade someone not to do somethingThe government launched a campaign to discourage people from smoking.disuadir a alguien de hacer algo3exert controlphraseto use your power to control someone or somethingThe teacher was unable to exert control over the class. ejercer control3feel valuedphraseto feel that people appreciate things that you doIt's important to make your staff feel valued. sentirse valorado3get things into perspectivephraseto think about a situation in a reasonable way that does not make it seem worse than it isIt really isn't that bad! You need to get things into perspective and stop complaining. poner las cosas en su sitio3have an aptitude forphraseto have a natural ability to do somethingSarah really has an aptitude for maths.tener aptitudes para3have a flair forphraseto have a natural ability to do somethingMarco has a flair for drawing.tener facilidad para3instil valuesphraseto influence someone so that they share your beliefsI hope to instil the values of tolerance and generosity in my children. inculcar valores3lose your temperphraseto suddenly become very angry I really lost my temper when the neighbours broke my fence.perder los estribos3peer groupnouna group of people of about the same age, social position, etcHe was the first of his peer group to get married.grupo de coetneos3physical characteristicsphrasethe appearance of someone's bodySasha is very different from his father, but they share many of the same physical characteristics.caractersticas fsicas3the animal kingdomnounthe group of all living creatures that are animalsThis type of behaviour is common in the animal kingdom.el reino animal3update your statusphraseto bring people up to date what you are doing, usually on a social networkNow that I'm at university, I'm going to have to update my status to let all my friends know.actualizar tu estado3vicious circlephrasea continuing bad situation, created when one problem causes another problem which then makes the first problem worseWhen Frederick started borrowing money to pay his debts, it started a vicious circle. crculo vicioso3worklife balancenounthe amount of time you spend doing your job compared with the amount of time you spend away from workIt can be difficult to get the right worklife balance.conciliacin entre la vida laboral y familiar4antiquated adjectivevery old and not modern enoughOur accounts are in a mess owing to the antiquated system we are using.anticuado4collaborative adjectivedescribing a situation or project in which people work together well as a teamYou can achieve more in a collaborative working environment.colaborativo4commuteverbto travel regularly between work and homeHe commutes to London every day.ir a trabajar4digital footprint nouna record of your online activity Whenever you visit a website you leave a digital footprint.huella digital4disenchantedadjectivedisappointed with something that you thought was good in the pastHe became disenchanted with politics and resigned from the party.desencantado4ergonomic adjectivedesigned to help people work efficiently and comfortablyOur offices have an ergonomic design.ergonmico4ethical code phrasea set of rules about what is right and wrongWe have a strict ethical code that all employees must follow.cdigo tico4exploit verbto use someone unfairly for your own advantageIt is easy to exploit workers who are desperate for a job.explotar4extra-curricular adjectivenot part of a formal educational courseWe encourage our students to take up extra-curricular activities.extracurricular4foolproof adjectiveso simple, easy or perfect that it cannot go wrongHe said he had a foolproof scheme for making money.infalible4have no outlet phraseto have no way to express or use energy, emotion, talent, etc.She had no outlet for her creativity.no tener salida4internshipnouna period of (often unpaid) work experienceShe did an internship with a bank in Hong Kong.trabajo en prcticas4make it a priority phraseto treat something as important and deal with it before doing other thingsI made it a priority to contact all the club's members.dar prioridad4privacy setting nouna control that allows you to decide how much information you disclose on a social media site and who you allow to see itYou should tighten up your privacy settings.configuracin de privacidad4reap rewards phrase to get something good as a result of your actionsI worked really hard at university, and now I'm reaping the rewards.cosechar la recompensa4retaliateverbto do something bad to someone because they have done something bad to youThey have threatened to retaliate against any troops that attack.tomar represalias4sick leave nouna period of time when you are absent from work because of illnessHe was away for a fortnight on sick leave.baja por enfermedad4social media profile phrasethe information that you give about yourself on social media sites I need to update my social media profile to tell friends about my new job.perfil en las redes sociales4strictly speakingphrasebeing completely accurate, according to the rulesStrictly speaking, the deadline for this report is Monday, but it won't matter if you need an extra day or two.estrictamente hablando4tight budget phrasea small amount of money available to spend There will be no special treats this month. We're on a tight budget.presupuesto ajustado4treat with healthy respect phraseto be very careful about how you use something because it could cause problems for youYou should treat these medicines with healthy respect. tratar con sano respeto4troubleshootingnoundiscovering why something does not work effectively and making suggestions about how to improve itThe instruction manual includes a section on troubleshooting to help you with any simple problems you might have with the television.solucin de problemas4undermineverbto make something weakerA series of scandals have undermined people's confidence in the government.socavar4work stationnouna desk and the area around it where you work in an officeOur work stations are separated by screens.estacin de trabajo5at first light phraseas soon as the sun starts to riseWe will have to get up at first light tomorrow. de madrugada5be in two minds about something idiomto be unable to decide about somethingI'm in two minds about going to see that film as it's had mixed reviews.sentirse indeciso5bump intophrasal verbto meet someone when you have not planned to meet themI bumped into an old school friend in town today.encontrarse con5emergency servicesplural nounthe organisations that deal with accidents and urgent problems such as fire, illness, or crimeThe emergency services were on standby as the plane landed.servicios de emergencia5firefighternounsomeone whose job is to stop fires burningMore than twenty firefighters battled the blaze.bombero5have flashbacks phraseto have vivid memories of an experience, usually an unpleasant oneI still have flashbacks to the car accident we had.tener recuerdos recurrentes5in response to phraseas an answer toI am writing in response to your letter. en respuesta a 5keep your ears pricked idiomto listen carefully for somethingWe kept our ears pricked for intruders.mantener los odos bien abiertos5keep your fingers crossedidiomto hope that things will happen in the way that you want them toLet's keep our fingers crossed that it doesn't rain.cruzar los dedos5narrow-mindedadjectivenot willing to accept new ideas or opinions that are different from your ownThe people here are very narrow-minded.cerrado de mente5put your foot on the acceleratorphraseto press down on the pedal that makes a car go more quicklyI saw the time and put my foot on the accelerator.poner el pie en el acelerador5sense of achievement phrasea feeling of pride because you have been able to do something successfullyI had a real sense of achievement when I passed my driving test. sensacin de logro5strong current phrasea powerful flow of water in the sea or in a riverThe strong current swept the man out to sea.corriente muy fuerte5take someone to courtphraseto take legal action against someoneShe's threatening to take me to court for not paying the bill on time.llevar a los tribunales5watch your stepidiomto be careful about what you say and doYou'll be thrown out of college if you don't watch your step.tener cuidado5workoutnouna series of exercises to make your body strong and healthyHe does a daily workout at the gym.tabla de ejercicios5worthwhile occupation phrasea job that has benefits for othersI think teaching is a very worthwhile occupation. ocupacin que vale la pena 6bad-hair dayphrase(informal) a day when you feel that you do not look attractive, especially because of your hairI'm having a bad-hair day.tener el pelo hecho un desastre6capture an expressionphraseto represent the look of someone's face accurately in a picture or photographThe portrait really captures her expression of joy.captar una expresin6commission a portraitphraseto arrange for someone to paint a picture of a person in exchange for paymentHe's so vain, he's commissioned a portrait of himself. encargar un retrato6complimentaryadjectivepraising or expressing admiration for someoneThe reviews of his latest film have been highly complimentary.halagador6conspiracynouna secret plan made by a group of people to do something bad or illegalPolice uncovered a conspiracy to overthrow the government.conspiracin6draw your own conclusionphraseto consider the facts of a situation and make a decision about what is true, correct, likely to happen, etc.She refused to talk about it you can draw your own conclusion from that.sacar tus propias conclusiones6eyes boring into you phraseIf someone's eyes are boring into you, that person is staring very hard at you.I could feel his eyes boring into me.ojos clavados en alguien6from the outset phrasefrom the beginningThe project was doomed from the outset.desde el principio6innateadjectiveAn innate quality or ability is one that you were born with and not one you have learned.She has an innate gift for working with children.innato6in your element phrasein a place or situation that is completely natural and comfortable for youHe's always loved acting and you can see he's in his element when he's on stage.en tu elemento6minor character phrasesomebody in a story who is not very importantI got a part in the play, but it was only a minor character.personaje muy secundario6overstated adjectiveexpressed in a way that is too strongI feel that his complaints were overstated.exagerado6passing moods and emotions phrasesemotional states that do not last longThe novel captures the passing moods and emotions of its main character very convincingly.estados de nimo y emociones6plead guilty phraseto state in court that you are guilty of a crimeHe was sent straight to prison after pleading guilty.declararse culpable6put the finishing touches to phraseto add small details in order to make something perfectI'm just putting the finishing touches to the wedding cake.dar los ltimos detalles6self-consciousness nounthe state of being too aware of how you appear to othersShe stood up and sang for us, without any self-consciousness.cohibicin6so to speakphraseused to explain that you are using a special or unusual expressionIn their household it's Lorna who wears the trousers, so to speak.por as decirlo6status symbolnounsomething that someone owns that shows they have a high position in societyFor lots of people, a sports car is a status symbol.smbolo de posicin social6trail of destruction phraseinstances of damage in different places along a routeThe hurricane left a trail of destruction.senda de destruccin6turn outphrasal verbto happen in a particular way, or to have a particular resultThe bomb warning turned out to be a false alarm.resultar6unsettling adjectivemaking you feel worried or uncomfortableGoing back to the place where I grew up was a very unsettling experience.perturbador7addiction nounthe state of being unable to stop doing, having or using something Exercise has become an addiction for me.adiccin7competitive sport phrasea sport that involves competition against other peopleFootball is the most popular competitive sport.deporte competitivo7drown out phrasal verbto make a noise that prevents another noise from being heardI turned up the radio to drown out the noise of the roadworks. ahogar, acallar7for a startphraseused when you are giving the first in a list of reasons or points you want to makeWe never go to that caf. For a start, it's too expensive, and also the service is very slow.para empezar7force someone to do something phraseto make someone do something they don't want to doI hated the violin when I was younger, but my mother forced me to learn it.obligar a alguien a hacer algo7grab someone's attentionphraseto do something that immediately makes someone look or listenThe advertisement is designed to grab people's attention.atraer la atencin de alguien7hack into phrasal verbto get into someone's computer system without permission in order to get information or do something illegal He was arrested for hacking into government files.piratear7leave things to chancephraseto act without any particular plan or expectationI decided to book a hotel rather than leaving things to chance.dejar las cosas a la improvisacin7leisure activity phrasesomething that you do in your free time for enjoymentPlaying computer games is a very popular leisure activity.actividad de ocio7mass marketphrasea large number of people who want to buy somethingWe don't produce goods for the mass market. mercado de masas7pass down from generation to generation phraseIf something is passed down from generation to generation, it is given by older people to their children, who then give it to their children, and so on.These stories have been passed down from generation to generation.pasar de una generacin a otra7raise funds phraseto collect a sum of money for a certain purposeWe're trying to raise funds for a new swimming pool.recaudar fondos7relief nouna feeling of happiness that something unpleasant has not happened or has endedAfter the exam, I felt an incredible sense of relief.alivio7value for money phraseIf something is value for money, you feel satisfied with what you get for its price. Our customers like to feel they're getting value for money.relacin calidad-precio7virtual world phrasea world that only exists onlineYou should get out and experience the real world instead of sitting here playing in a virtual world. mundo virtual8aspire to phrasal verbto have a strong wish or hope to do or achieve somethingAs a child, he aspired to be a great writer.aspirar a8audience appeal phrasethe quality that makes something attractive or interesting to an audienceIt's easy to understand the audience appeal of her show.atractivo para el pblico8breaking news story phrasea news story that is just starting to be reportedNow we go live to Florida for a breaking news story. noticia de ltima hora8empathise verbto be able to understand how someone else feelsLus could really empathise with Miguel because he had been in the same situation. ponerse en el lugar de alguien8give an account phraseto give a spoken or written description of somethingShe was asked to give an account of the event in court.dar cuenta de8insight nouna clear and sometimes sudden understanding about something that is complicated I really gained an insight into the lives of these people by living with them for year.percepcin8in the long runphraseat a time that is far away in the futureIt seems a lot of effort but I'm sure it's the best solution in the long run.a largo plazo8multinational corporationphrasea company that buy and sell goods in different countriesSven didn't want to work in a small firm, so he applied to a number of multinational corporations. corporacin multinacional8news bulletin nouna short news story, usually on TV or radioWe first heard about the disaster from a news bulletin on the radio. boletn informativo8provoke a reaction phrase to make people react, especially by being shocking or arousing strong feelingsThe protest certainly provoked a reaction, as the government has agreed to change its plans.provocar una reaccin8reality TVnountelevision programmes showing ordinary people filmed in real situationsShe appeared in a reality TV show.telerrealidad8sense of community phrasethe feeling that we are part of a group of people with shared beliefsIn our village, we all know each other and there's a real sense of community.nocin de comunidad8side effectnounan unpleasant effect of a medical drug that happens in addition to the intended effectDoes this drug have any side effects?efecto secundario8source of information phrasea person or place that provides informationThis website is a good source of information for organic gardeners.fuente de informacin8symptomaticadjectivebeing a bad sign that indicates a more serious illness or problemJealousy in a relationship is usually symptomatic of low self-esteem in one of the partners.sintomtico9at the mercy of phrasein a situation where someone or something has complete power over youPoor people are increasingly at the mercy of money-lenders.a merced de9at this juncture phraseat this particular point in timeAt this juncture, it is impossible to say whether she will make a full recovery.en esta coyuntura9barbarismnounextremely cruel and unpleasant behaviourHe witnessed some appalling acts of barbarism during the war.barbarie9behind the wheelphrasedriving a motor vehicleI'm a different person when I'm behind the wheel.al volante9blow something out of proportionphraseto treat a particular event or problem far too seriouslyIt's ridiculous we have a tiny disagreement and you blow the whole thing out of proportion!sacar las cosas de quicio9conserve energyphraseto use as little energy as possible The new light bulbs use less electricity and therefore conserve energy.ahorrar energa9criminal record nounSomeone with a criminal record has been found guilty of crimes in the past.The company will not employ anyone with a criminal record.historial delictivo 9degenerateverbto become worseThe demonstration soon degenerated into violence.degenerar9disorientated adjectiveconfused and not knowing where to go or what to doHe woke up feeling completely disorientated.desorientado9feasible adjectiveable to be made, done, or achievedWith the extra resources, the project now seems feasible.factible9financial resources phrasethe amount of money that is available to spendThe country doesn't have the financial resources to invest in housing.recursos financieros9find something laughable phrase to think something is stupid or ridiculousI found their plan to change fruit into oil laughable.parecer risible9flawed adjectivenot perfect, containing mistakesFurther studies show that her data was flawed.impecable9grab the headlines phraseto be widely reported in the newsThe museum grabbed the headlines when it paid over 1 million for a pile of bricks. copar los titulares9hand down phrasal verbto give something to someone in your family who is younger than youI really wanted new clothes when I was younger, but everything was handed down by my brother.transmitir, pasar9in broad terms phrasespeaking in a general wayHe described the job in broad terms, without going into details. a grandes rasgos9labour-saving devicephrasea machine or piece of equipment that saves time and effortVacuum cleaners and washing machines are labour-saving devices.aparato que ahorra mano de obra9meet regulations phraseto fulfil or satisfy a set of rulesThe offices do not meet safety regulations.cumplir el reglamento9predatornounan animal that hunts, kills and eats other animalsHippos do not have many predators.depredador9relatively few and far between phrasenot happening or existing very oftenYou may as well walk, as buses from here are relatively few and far between. relativamente pocos y espordicos9rock steady phrase not likely to move or breakMake sure the fence posts are rock steady.firme como una roca9world viewphrasea way of thinking about the worldOur world view is quite different from that of writers in the fourth century BC.visin del mundo10as luck would have itphraseby chanceWe ran out of petrol on the way home, but as luck would have it, we were very near a garage.quiso la suerte que10be passionate about phraseto have very strong feelings or emotions about something, especially because you think it is importantHe is passionate about the need to educate these children.tener pasin por10be torn between phraseIf you are torn between two possibilities, you find it very difficult to choose between them.I was torn between the desire for freedom and loyalty to my family.debatirse entre10by contrast phraseused to show that there is an important difference between two things, people, or situationsTheir economy has done well. By contrast, ours has declined.en cambio10clued up adjective(informal) knowledgeable about somethingMarisa will be able to tell you the problem she's really clued up about computers.estar al corriente de10culture shocknounthe feeling of confusion someone has when they go to a new and very different placeMoving from a university to a multinational company was a bit of a culture shock.choque cultural10fascination with phrasethe feeling of finding something extremely interestingMy fascination with opera started when I lived in Italy.fascinacin con10from the word gophrase(informal) from the time when something startedThe project had problems with funding right from the word go.desde el primer momento10glossy brochure phrasean expensive-looking short magazine that gives information about a product or a companyWe spent ages looking at the glossy brochures advertising holidays all over the world.folleto ilustrado10have a passion forphraseto enjoy something very muchHe has a passion for football.sentir pasin por10have someones best interests at heart phraseto care about what is best for someone I don't feel that the company has the best interests of its staff at heart.velar por los intereses de alguien10implementverbto make a law, system, plan, etc. start to happen or operateOur new computerised system will soon be fully implemented.aplicar, poner en marcha10in a quandary phrasenot able to decide what to do about a situation I was in a quandary when they offered me the job.en un dilema10in marked contrast to phraseused to emphasise that one thing or situation is completely different from anotherHis kindness was in marked contrast to the attitude of the other doctors.en marcado contraste con10make a (real) differencephraseto improve a situation (a lot)Exercise can make a real difference to your state of health.incidir realmente en algo10make something available phraseto provide something for people to buy or useWe had so many applicants for the course that we have decided to make another ten places available.poner algo a disposicin de10pass on knowledge phraseto inform other people about things you knowThrough these books, he passed on his knowledge to future generations.transmitir conocimientos10put effort into phraseto work hard to achieve somethingShe has clearly put a lot of effort into this work.dedicar un gran esfuerzo10self-studynouna way of learning about a subject that involves studying on your own, rather than in a classroom with a teacherThe diploma is awarded following a course of self-study ending in a three-hour exam.estudio autnomo10social lifenounthe time you spend with other people when you are not working or studyingLucia has lots of friends and hobbies so she has a very active social life. vida social10work independentlyphraseto work on your own, without help from other peopleTo be a successful student, you need to be able to work independently. trabajar de forma independiente11call (someone) upphrasal verbto telephone someoneMy dad called me up to tell me the good news.telefonear a alguien11demisenoundeathOn his demise, the land will go to his son.fallecimiento11fataladjectivecausing deathPolice are investigating a fatal accident in the town centre.mortal11get your hands on idiomto be able to obtain somethingI read anything I could get my hands on.poner las manos encima11hasty judgement phrasean opinion or conclusion that you have formed too quickly, without knowing enough about the situationYou should avoid hasty judgements and get to know her first.juicio precipitado11impose a deadlinephraseto tell somebody a date or time by which something must be doneIf he's working too slowly, you need to impose some deadlines.imponer un plazo11inhospitableadjectiveAn inhospitable place is not pleasant or easy to live in because it is too hot, cold, etc.We visited some of the world's most inhospitable deserts.inhspito11intrepid adjectiveextremely brave and showing no fear of dangerous situationsHe was tracked down by an intrepid reporter.intrpido11keep someone waiting phraseto make someone wait for youThe boss is ready to see you don't keep her waiting!hacer esperar a alguien11offer condolences phraseto tell someone that you are very sorry about something that has happened to them, especially when someone important to them has diedPlease offer my condolences to your sister on her loss.dar el psame11off the beaten trackidiomin a place where few people goHer cottage is a long way off the beaten track.apartado del camino ms frecuentado11on the spur of the momentidiomIf you do something on the spur of the moment, you do it suddenly, without planning it.On the spur of the moment we decided to visit James.de improviso11open tophrasewilling to experience somethingYou will learn a lot if you are open to new ideas.abierto a11plain sailing idiomsomething that is easy and without problemsI had revised for weeks, so the test was plain sailing.coser y cantar11put someone on hold phraseto leave someone waiting on the telephone before they can speak to someoneHis line's busy at the moment I'll put you on hold.poner en espera11remote wilderness phrasean area of completely wild land that is far away from where people live We walked through the remote wilderness of northern Scotland.remotas tierras vrgenes11sponsored walk phrasea walk that people pay you to do in order to raise money for charity I owe Saskia $10 for that sponsored walk she did.caminata patrocinada11starting pricenounthe lowest amount of money that you can buy a particular thing for These apartments have a starting price of 500,000.precio inicial11stick aroundphrasal verb(informal) to stay somewhere for a period of timeStick around after the concert and you might meet the band.quedarse por aqu11sustainable adjectivecausing little or no damage to the environment and therefore able to continue for a long timeWe need to find more sustainable sources of fuel.sostenible11take the rough with the smoothidiomto accept the unpleasant parts of a situation as well as the pleasant partsIn a long relationship, you have to take the rough with the smooth.a las duras y a las maduras11torrent nouna sudden, large amount of somethingHe received a torrent of abuse from the crowd.torrente11voyage into the unknown phrasea journey to a place that nobody knows aboutTheir expedition was a real voyage into the unknown.viaje a lo desconocido11within earshot phraseinside the range of distance where you can hear something or someoneMake sure the children are within earshot.al alcance del odo12cash cropnouna crop that is grown to be sold rather than being used by people who live in the area where it is grownCoffee is an important cash crop in this region.cultivo comercial12deliberateadjectiveintentional and plannedWe made a deliberate decision to live apart for a while.deliberado12fire risk phrasesomething that could cause a fireThis old wiring is a fire risk.peligro de incendio12flood defences plural nounbarriers or other methods used to stop an area from floodingThe government plans to build stronger flood defences on this area of coastline.proteccin contra inundaciones12fossil fuel nouna fuel such as coal or oil that is obtained from under the groundWe need to find alternatives to fossil fuels.combustible fsil12global warming nounwhen the air around the world becomes warmer because of pollutionGlobal warming is affecting the polar ice caps.calentamiento global12heat wavenouna period of time, usually a few days or weeks, when the weather is much hotter than usualThe heat wave is set to last for another week.ola de calor12immunity nouna state in which your body is protected from diseaseThe vaccination gives you immunity against the disease for six months.inmunidad12infectious adjectiveable to pass a disease from one person, animal or plant to anotherThis disease is highly infectious.contagioso, infeccioso12learning difficulties plural nounmental problems that affect a person's ability to learn thingsSome of the children have specific learning difficulties.dificultades para el aprendizaje12natural energy nounenergy that comes from sources such as wind or the sunThe house is heated entirely from natural energy.energa natural12reach your potential phraseto achieve everything you are capable ofShe was a gifted violinist, but she never reached her potential.alcanzar el potencial12refugee campnouna place where people who have escaped from their own country can live, usually in bad conditions and only expecting to stay for a limited timeHuge refugee camps have sprung up on the borders.campamento de refugiados12rote learningphraselearning something in order to be able to repeat it from memory, rather than in order to understand itMuch of what they do in class is little more than rote learning.aprender de memoria12sign language nouna system of communication using hand movements, used by people who cannot hearThey communicated with sign language.lenguaje de signos12submit a proposal phraseto give someone a formal, written suggestion for doing somethingYouth groups are invited to submit proposals for activities they would like to be funded.presentar una propuesta12time-consumingadjectiveneeding a lot of timeThe legal process was time-consuming and expensive.que requiere bastante tiempo13allergic adjectiveIf you are allergic to something, you become ill if you touch it, eat it or go near it.I'm allergic to cat fur.alrgico13aspirationnounsomething that you hope to achieveI've never had any political aspirations.aspiracin13avoid contact with phraseto make sure that you do not touch or come near somethingTry to avoid direct contact with any of the chemicals.evitar el contacto con13balanced dietnouna healthy combination of different types of foodIf you have a balanced diet, you are getting all the vitamins you need.dieta equilibrada13developed countryphrasea country with a lot of industrial activity and where people generally have high incomesOur sample came from a broad cross-section of the populations of developed countries.pas desarrollado13exhaust fumes phrasewaste gas from a vehicle's engine that comes out through a pipeWe sat in the traffic jam, breathing in the exhaust fumes from the cars around us.gases de escape13familiar with phraseknowing something quite wellI'm sorry, I'm not familiar with your poetry.estar familiarizado con13fit for purposephraseSomething that is fit for purpose is good enough to be used for the function it was intended for.The school buildings are no longer fit for purpose.apto para los requerimientos13immune systemnounthe cells and tissues in your body that fight against infectionVitamins help boost your immune system.sistema inmunolgico13obsessed with phrasetoo interested or worried about somethingShe's obsessed with computer games they're the only thing she can talk about!obsesionado con13on behalf of phraserepresentingI'm proud to accept this award on behalf of all my colleagues.en nombre de13physical exertion phraseeffort that you make with your bodyI get out of breath with any kind of physical exertion.esfuerzo fsico13physical fitness phrasethe state of having a strong, healthy bodyAll this cycling has certainly improved my physical fitness.forma fsica13resistant to phrasenot harmed or affected by somethingSome bacteria are resistant to these antibiotics.resistente a13rural area phrasean area of countrysideBus services to rural areas are very poor.zona rural13state-of-the-artadjectiveusing the newest ideas, designs, and materialsThis computer system uses state-of-the-art technology.de vanguardia13vote with your feet idiomto leave a place or an organisation because you do not like something about itIf prices go up, customers will vote with their feet.salir por piernas14accountable decision-making phrasemaking decisions for which you accept responsibilityYou will not get accountable decision-making if you have a new boss every few months.toma de decisiones responsable14be the casephraseto be trueBad diet can cause tiredness, but I don't think that's the case here.ser el caso14brain drainnounthe situation in which large numbers of educated and very skilled people leave their own country to live and work in another one where pay and conditions are betterPoliticians fear a huge brain drain in coming years.fuga de talentos14Don't get me wrong.phraseused when you do not want someone to think that you do not like someone or somethingDon't get me wrong I like her, but she can be very annoying.no me malinterpretes14feel special tiesphraseto feel an emotional connection with a place or a personI feel special ties with my old school.sentir vnculos especiales14feeling of insecurity phrasea feeling that you are not safe or protectedThe driver's nervous laughter gave us a feeling of insecurity.sentimiento de inseguridad14fit inphrasal verbto feel that you belong to a particular group and are accepted by themHe doesn't fit in with the other pupils in his class.encajar14get ideas across phraseto communicate ideas to other peopleWe need more publicity in order to get our ideas across to the public.transmitir las ideas14have a different take on something phraseto have a different opinion or a different way of thinking about somethingI think that smacking children is wrong, but my parents have a different take on it.verlo de otra manera14language barrier phrasethe difficulty of communication between people who do not speak the same language wellFor the children there was no language barrier they started playing together straight away.barrera lingstica 14look down on someonephrasal verbto think that someone is less important or intelligent than youI felt that people looked down on me because of my accent.menospreciar14make goodphraseto succeed and become richHaving grown up in a poor family, he came to the city hoping to make good.triunfar14make the transition phraseto change from one situation to anotherI found it hard to make the transition from student to employee.hacer la transicin14marry up phrasal verbto combine different things successfully so that they work well togetherWe've married up several different approaches to provide our customers with the best possible service.aunar, casar14melting potnouna place where people of many different races and from different countries live togetherThe area is a melting pot of different cultures.crisol14mixed marriage phrasea marriage between people of different racesThere haven't been many mixed marriages in my country.matrimonio mixto14peripheral adjectivenot as important as other thingsThe book contains a great deal of peripheral detail.perifrico14preconceptionnounan idea or opinion formed before enough information is available for it to be accurateTry to go into the meeting without any preconceptions about what the other group might want.idea preconcebida14restrictive adjectivelimiting the amount or freedom of somethingThe college is unable to expand because of restrictive planning laws.restrictivo14settle downphrasal verbto start living in a place where you intend to stay for a long time, usually with a partnerDo you think he'll ever settle down and have a family?establecerse14the driving forcephrasea person or thing that has a very strong influence and makes something happenShe was the driving force behind the project.la fuerza impulsora14the essence of somethngphraseto be the most important part of the character of somethingAn atmosphere of mutual respect forms the essence of our working relationship.la esencia de algo14untapped potentialphrasesomething that could be useful but that is not being usedAs a tourist destination, this place has a lot of untapped potential.potencial desaprovechado

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