COMPANY PROFILE - · PDF fileCOMPANY PROFILE Company Name : ... The pressure rating changes from 150# to 1500#. 3) ... sockolets, long stub end, coller

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COMPANY PROFILE

Company Name : PHOENIX TUBES & FITTINGS

Regd Office : PLOT PAP, J-61A, Near Megha Fibre, Indrayani Nagar, MIDC, Bhosari, Pune- 411026, Maharashtra india

Contact No. : +91-20-27120163

Email : [email protected] [email protected]

Web : www.phoenixtubes.com

Contact Person : HITESH DOSHI - +91-98197257-4 JAYESH DOSHI - +91-9867234339

VAT TIN No. : 27940812291 V Dt. 27/01/2011CST TIN No. : 27940812291 C Dt. 27/01/2011

PAN Card No. : AKWPD1672R

Scope of Business : STAINLESS STEEL/ALLOY STEEL/ CARBON STEEL/NICKEL ALLOYS ETC. FLANGES / PIPE FITTINGS / FORGE FITTINGS / FASTENERS / PIPE / PLATE / COIL / INDUSTRIAL RAW MATERIALS.

Bank Detail :

Account No. :

IFSC :

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SCOPE OF BUSINESS

IMPORT, STOCKIST & SUPPLY

Shape of Material : Tubes, Pipes, Sheets, Plates, Coils, Rods, Rounds, Filler Wires

Material of Construction : Stainless Steel (304/304L/316/316L/321/310S/347/317L), Nickel 200/201/205/212/ 222/270, Inconel 600/625/800/825, Monel 400/ 500, Duplex 2205/2705. Carbon Steel, Mild Steel, EN Series (19/24), Alloys Steel (P5, P9, P11, P22), Hast Alloys C-276, T11, T22.

Standard & Specication : For Pipe & Tube : ASTM A 213/312/249/269/358, ASTMA 106 GR.B, IS 1239/ IS 3589, ASTMA 279, ASTMA 210, ASTM A 790 UNS S32205/322725. For Plate : ASTMA 240/240M, ASTMA 516 GR 60/ 70, A36, IS 2062 GR.A/ B. For Fittings : ASTMA 403, ASTM A 234 WP, ANSI B 16.9/16.11, ASTM A 182 For Flanges : ASTM A 182 ANSI B 16.5

Make : Stainless Pipes & Tubes Indian & Imported Origin Japan / Korea Stainless Steel Plate Indian Jindal / Shah Alloys, Salem & Imported Areclor Mittal,Acreinox, Coloumbus, Outo Koumpu, Tisco. Stainless Steel Rods, Rounds R L Steel, Mukand, Sunflag, Panchmahal, Viraj, Chandan, Saarsthal

Carbon & Mild Steel Pipe MSL / ISMTL / JSW / Kalayni / Welspun / Zenith / Tata / Mahalaxmi / Heavy Metal / Ratnamani / Surya / Siddharth / Bhusan / Lotus

Carbon Steel, Mild Steel & IBR Plate & Structural Steel Lloyds, Ukrane, Sail, Tata, Jindal, (spat

Inconel. Monel, Hast Alloys, Duplex Imported South Africa, U.K, USA, Make : Tubacex, Hens International Co, DMV, Special Metal, Sumitomo.

Aluminum : Hindalco / Balco

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EXPERTISE & SPECIALIZED

FLANGES & FITTINGS FOR GENERAL ENGINEERING & PROJECTS

A) FLANGES A means of connection between to pipes with help of nut, bolt, and washer &

gasket is called as flange. The gasket is applied to avoid any kind of leakage. A flange varies in size from ½" NB to 48" NB & in class 150# to 1500#. Flanges can be made for forging or plates. A forging grade are ASTM A 182 (for S.S.) & ASTM A 105 (for C.S) with hub & weldneck. Plate made flanges are generally without hub & weldneck. The flanges are silp on raised face (SORF), slipon raised flat face (SOFF), weld neck raised face (WNRF), tongue & groove, spectacle blind, blind raised face (BLRF).

M.O.C GENERALLY USED SS 304/ 304L/316/ 316L/321/ 310/ / Duplex/ Hast Alloy C-276/ Alloy 20/ Inconel/

Monel/C.S/M.S & A.S.

B) FITTINGS : A means of change in direction, reduction & expansion in flow media is called

as ttings. They are mainly of 3 types as follows.

1) BUTT WELD: A face of tting can be directly weld to the face of pipe. The ttings in butt weld

are ERW or seamless & varies according to pipe & thickness.

2) SOCKET WELD FITTINGS: As the name suggests a socket is available in all ttings & pipe can be inserting

into the slot & welding can be done. This type of ttings can be used at high pressure & high performance. The pressure rating changes from 150# to 1500#.

3) SCREWED FITTINGS: To avoid the expense, welding & permanent joint screwed is the cheapest way

of joining the two lines. This are generally used for moderate pressure.

SHAPE OF FITTINGS: 0 0 0 0 Elbow (90, 60, 45, 30), tee (equal tee & unequal tee), reducer (concentric &

eccentric), weldolets, sockolets, long stub end, coller. M.O.C. GENERALLY USED: SS 304 / 304L / 316 / 316L / 321 / 310 / Duplex / Hast Alloy C-276 / Alloy

20 / Inconel / Monel / C.S. / M.S. & A.S.

www.phoenixtubes.com www.phoenixtubes.com

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Sanitary grade tube, flow components, tank & cleaning equipment & valves are the back bone of pharmaceuticals & dairy industries. All the tube shall be well electro polished inside & outside mechanical polished. The triclover clamp, equal Tee, Bend, 'Y' loop, Diaphragm Valve, Sanitary Grade ASTMA A 269 Tube, Triclover Gasket, SMS Union, clamp for Triclover, Pipe Holding Clamp, Butterfly Valves are some of the accessories used in pharmaceuticals. The generally used M.O.C. is SS 304/ 304L/ 316/ 316L.

Food Grade Gasket, '0' Ring & Chord are videly used with Equipment & Fittings to avoid any kind of Leakage. The material videley used as Silicone, Nitrile, Natural, Epdm, and Teflon

SANITARY HIGH PURITY FLOW COMPONENTS & VALVES

Instrumentation ferrule ttings & valves are widely used at high pressure, high tem-perature, and high performance & for more reliability in heavy engineering, fertilizers and paper & cement industries.

Instrumentation ttings are in form of elbow, tee, union, connector, plug, nipple & valves are in form of ball valve, needle valve, manifold valve.

The pressure in line varies form 1500# to 12000#.

M.O.C SS 304/ 304L/ 316/ 316L, C.S. Brass

HIGH PRESSURE INSTRUMENTATION FITTINGS

0 0 0 0 IBR Fittings as per Indian boiler regulation in shape of elbow (90, 60, 45, 30), Tee (Equal Tee & Unequal Tee), Reducer (Concentric & Eccentric), Weldolets, Sockolets, Flanges (Sort, WNRF), and nipple is our speciality. The generally all IBR Fittings are manufactured from IBR Pipes of well reputed manufacturer with Form III-D like MSL, ISMTL, Mahalaxmi, Kalyani, JSW. Forged material is well checked for leak, pressure & performance before dispatched. The heat no & test certicate are cross veried for endorsement & punch.

IBR FITTINGS IN CARBON STEEL

Generally for furnace equipment, heat treatment equipment, chemical plant, vitreous enameling equipment, valve spindle, doctor blade & high temperature equipment require the material which can withstand high temperature as well as tough, acid & alkalis corrosive. So the ttings & flanges are design as per requirement only.

Generally used material is Nickel 200/201/205/212/222/270, Inconel 600/625/800/825, Monel 400/ 500, Duplex 2205/2705.

HIGH TEMPERATURE FITTINGS & FLANGES

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NICKEL BASE ALLOYS

NOMINAL CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, % (not for specification purposes)

Nickel NI C Mn Fe S Si Cu Cr Co Mo AI TI Other

Nickel 99.5 0.08 0.018 0.2 0.005 0.18 0.13 - - - - - -

Mickel 201 99.5 0.01 0.018 0.2 0.005 0.18 0.13 - - - - - -

Nickel 205 99.5 0.08 0.018 0.010 0.004 0.08 0.08 - - - - 0.03 Mg 0.05

Nickel 212 97.7 0.010 2.0 0.05 0.005 0.05 0.03 - - - - - -

Nickel 222 99.5 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.0025 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.06 0.01 0.01 Mg 0.08

Nickel 270 99.98 0.01 0.003 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 - - <0.001 Mg<0.001

NI C Mn Fe S Si Cu Cr Co Mo AI TI Other

MONEL alloy 400 63.0min 0.15 1.0 25max 0.024max 0.05max 31.0 - - - - - -

MONEL alloy 500 63.0min 0.015 1.5max 2.0max 0.010max 0.5 30.0 - - - 2.9 0.6 -

Cast MONEL alloy 63.0min 0.07 0.75 2.5max 0.02max 0.04max 30.0 0.10max - 0.20max 0.05max 0.01max -

Cast MONEL alloy 63.0min 0.03max 0.020max 2.5max 0.2amax 0.04max 30.0 0.10 - 0.20max 0.05max 0.01max -

INCONEL alloy 600 72.0min 0.15max 1.0max 8.0 0.015max 0.05max 0.5max 15.5 - - - - Nb + Ta

INCONEL alloy 625 60.5 0.10max 0.25 5.0max 0.015max 0.5max - 21.5 - 9.0 0.25 0.25 3.65

INCOLOY alloy 800 32.5 0.10max 1.5max Bal. 0.015max 1.0max 0.75max 21.0 - - 0.35 0.38 -

INCOLOY alloy 825 42.0 0.05max 1.0max Bal. 0.03max 05max 2.25 21.5 - 3.0 0.20max 0.9 -

INCOLOY alloy 904 32.5 0.025 0.025 Bal. 0.015 0.25 0.25 - 14.5 - 0.1 1.6 -

INCOLOY alloy DS 37.0 1.2 1.2 Bal. - 2.3max 2.3max 18.0 - - - 0.20

Hastalloy B Rest/Bal 0.10 0.80 5.58 0.7 0.6 1.25 28 - - - -

Hastalloy C Rest/Bal 0.07 0.80 5.75 0.7 16.0 1.25 17 - - - -

Hastalloy G Rest/Bal 0.05 1.0-2.0 18.0-21.0 0.7 1.5 1.25 5.575 - - - -

Alloy 21-23.5

PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

Nickel Density Melting Specic Thermal Thermal Electrical Tensile Hardness2

Kg/mmc range heat expansion resistivity Strength HV0 0 0 2 at 20C Conductivity at 20C 10-c/C at 20C N/mm

0 J/Kg C W/m C 20-95c Mocrohm cm

Nickel 200 8.89 1435-1445 456 74.9 13.3 9.5 380-550 90-120

Nickel 201 8.89 1435-1445 456 79.2 13.3 7.6 340-420 75-100

Nickel 205 8.89 1435-1445 456 74.9 13.3 9.5 340 77

Nickel 212 8.89 1435-1445 430 44.1 - 10.9 476 144

Nickel 222 8.89 1435-1445 456 74.9 13.3 8.8 340 77

Nickel 270 8.89 1435-1445 460 85.7 13.3 7.5 340 80

MONEL alloy 400 8.83 1300-1350 419 21.7 14.1 51.0 480-620 111-151

MONEL alloy K-500 8.46 1315-1350 419 17.4 13.7 61.4 620-760 141-189

INCONEL alloy 600 8.42 1370-1425 461 14.8 13.3 103 550-690 121-173

INCONEL alloy 625 8.8.44 1290-1350 410 9.8 12.8 129 830-1040 146-247

INCOLOY alloy 800 7.95 1355-1385 502 11.7 14.2 99 520-700 121-188

INCOLOY alloy 825 8.14 1370-1400 441 10.9 14.0 113 590-730 121-183

INCOLOY alloy 904 8.12 - 442 14.9 4.6 72 923 -

INCOLOY alloy DS 7.92 1330-1400 452 12.0 14.1 108 680 208


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(NICKEL BASE ALLOYS) GUIDE TO APPLICATIONS

NICKEL 200 Commercial pure wrought Nickel for the construction of chemical plant

NICKEL 201 A law-carbon grade of nickel free from the stress- corrosion cracking associated with graphitisation in chemical plant operating at temperatures above 3000 C, e.g. castic soda plant.

NICKEL 205 A high-purity nickel for anodes, plants and grids of electronic valves and for megnetostrictive transducers.

NICKEL 212 Slightly stiffer than pure nickel, used for electrode support wires in radio valves and tungsten filament lamps.

NICKEL 222 A cathode nickel for the sleeves of indirectly heated, oxide-coated cathodes in radio valves.

NICKEL 270 A high-purity nickel with a minimum temperature - coefficient of resistant of 0.0060c over the range 0.1000C. Made by the powder metallurgy process. Used for components of special valves., such as hydrogen thyratons and for electric resistance thermometers and controls.

MONEL alloy 400 A general engineering alloy with good resistance to corrosion by sea water, sulphuric, hydrochloric and phosphoric acids, pharmaceutial products, ammonium sulphate, fatty acids, etc. It retains its strength and toughness up to about 45000c and is used for chemical, steam and petroleum plant, marine and pickling equipment,

MONEL alloysK-500 An alloy with similar corrosion-resistance to MONEL alloy 400 but amenable to precipitation hardening to give high strength. Used for propeller and pump shafts, bolts, doctor blades and valve spindles.

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CAST MONEL alloys Cast alloy pig supplied for foundry addition to silicon. For corrosion-resistance castings.

INCONEL alloy 600 This alloy has excellent mechanical properties and oxidation-resistance at high temperatures. It is used for furnace parts, heat-treatment equipment, heating element sheating in nuclear engineering and in the construction of chemical plant.

INCONEL alloy 625 An alloy with high strength and toughness from cryogenic temperatures to 1000C in addition to good oxidation-resistance. It resist attack by other media and is virtually immune to chloride-stress corrotion cracking. It is used in aerospace and is being evaluated for chemical and marine engineering.

INCOLOY alloy 800 This alloy resist hydrogen/hydrogen sulphide corrosion and chlorides stress corrosion cracking. It is based for pigtails and headers and hydrocarbon "cracker" tubes for other high temperature processing equipment.

INCOLOY alloy 825 This product resist corrosion by acids and alkalies in either reducing or oxidising conditions. It is resistant to stress-corrosion cracking and pitting and used for chemical plant and pickling plant. A nickel iron cobalt alloy combining a low coefficient of expansion and higher inflexion temperature with higher strength than is usual in this composition range. It is being evaluated for such applications as diesel engine piston crowns compensating members in gas turbine engines and controlled clearance rotating machinery parts.

INCOLOY alloy Ds A general purpose heat resisting alloy with particular resistance to carburisation and alternating carburisation and oxdition. It is used for furnace parts, heat treatment and vitreous enamelling equipment.


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Chemical Composition & Mecanical Properties of

Chemical Composition %

<0.75

Grade C Si Mn P S Ni Cr Mo Other max max Max Max Max

304 0.08 0.75 2 0.04 0.03 8.00-11.0 18.0-20.0 - -

304L 0.035 0.75 2 0.04 0.3 8.00-11.0 18.0-20.0 - -

304H 0.040-0.10 0.75 2 0.04 0.3 8.00-11.0 18.0-20.0 - -

316 0.08 0.75 2 0.4 0.03 10.0-14.0 16.0-18.0 2.0-3.0 -

316L 0.035 0.08 2 0.04 0.03 10.0-14.0 16.0-18.0 2.0-3.0 -

316H 0.04-0.10 0.75 2 0.04 0.03 10.0-14.0 16.0-18.0 2.0-3.0 -

316Ti 0.08 0.75 2 0.04 0.03 11.0-14.0 16.0-18.0 2.0-3.0 Ti 5x C%

317 0.08 0.75 2 0.04 0.03 11.0-14.0 18.0-20.0 3.0-4.0 -

309 0.15 0.75 2 0.04 0.03 12.0-15.0 22.0-24.0 - -

310S 0.08 1.5 2 0.04 0.03 19.0-22.0 24.1-26.0 - -

310H 0.04-0.10 0.75 2 0.04 0.03 19.0-22.0 24.0-26.0 - -

321 0.08 0.75 2 0.04 0.03 9.0-13.0 17.0-22.0 - Ti 5 x C%

321H 0.04-0.10 1.00 2.00 0.045 0.030 9.0-12 17.0-10 - Ti 4 x C%

347 0.08 1.00 2.00 0.045 0.030 9.0-13.0 17.0-19.0 - Nb/Ta

347H 0.04-0.10 1.00 2.00 0.045 0.030 9.0-13.0 17.0-19.0 - NB/Ta

<0.75

<0.60

10xC%<1%

8xC%<10%

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S. S . Pipe as per ASTM A 312

Mechanical Properties, min.

TensileStrength

min. Ksi (Mpa)

75(515) 30(205) 35 35 56T + 28 192 B 90

70(485) 25(170) 35 35 56T + 28 192 B 90

75(515) 30(205) 35 35 56T + 28 192 B 90

75(515) 30(205) 35 35 56T + 28 192 B 90

70(485) 25(170) 35 35 56T + 28 192 I B 90

75(515) 30(205) 35 35 56T + 28 192 B 90

75(515) 30(205) 35 35 56T + 28 192 B 90

75(515) 30(205) 35 35 56T + 28 192 B 90

75(515) 30(205) 35 35 56T + 28 192 B 90

75(515) 30(205) 35 35 56T + 28 192 B 90

75(515) 30(205) 35 35 56T + 28 192 B 90

75(515) 30(205) 35 35 56T + 28 192 B 90

75(515) 30(205) 35 35 56T + 28 192 B 90

75(515) 30(205) 35 35 56T + 28 192 B 90

75(515) 30(205) 35 35 56T + 28 192 B 90

YeldPoint

Section

Elogation % (G.L.: 22in Or 1mm)

Fullspecimen

Stripspecimen

Round Brinell Rockwell

Hardness Test max

17.50

17.50

17.50

17.50

17.50

17.50

17.50

17.50

17.50

17.50

17.50

17.50

17.50

17.50

17.50


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Chemical Composition & Mecanical Properties of Pipes

SUMMARY OF THE MAIN ASTM STANDARDS

ASTM Grade C Mn P S Si Ni Cr

max Max Max Max Max

A 53 A 0.25 0.95 0.05 0.06 0.40 max 0.40 max

B 0.30 1.20 0.05 0.06 0.40 max 0.40 max

A 106 A 0.25 0.27-0.93 0.025 0.025 0.10 mini 0.40 max 0.40 max

B 0.30 0.29-1.06 0.025 0.025 0.10 mini 0.40 max 0.40 max

C 0.35 0.29-1.06 0.025 0.025 0.10 mini 0.40 max 0.40 max

A 333 1 0.25 0.27-0.93 0.025 0.025

3 0.19 0.31-0.64 0.025 0.025 0.18-0.37 3.18-3.82

4 0.12 0.50-1.05 0.025 0.025 0.18-0.37 0.47-0.98 0.44-1.01

6 0.30 0.29-1.06 0.025 0.025 0.10 mini

9 0.20 0.40-1.06 0.025 0.025 1.60-2.24

A 335 P1 0.10-0.20 0.30-0.80 0.025 0.025 0.10-0.50

P5 0.15 0.30-0.60 0.025 0.025 0.50

P9 0.15 0.30-0.60 0.025 0.025 0.25-1.00 8.00-10.0

P11 0.05-0.15 0.30-0.60 0.025 0.025 0.50-1.00 1.00-1.50

P12 0.05-0.15 0.30-0.61 0.025 0.025 0.50 0.80-1.25

P21 0.05-0.15 0.30-0.60 0.025 0.025 0.50 2.65-3.35

P22 0.05-0.15 0.30-0.60 0.025 0.025 0.50 1.90-2.60

P91 0.08-0.12 0.30-0.60 0.020 0.010 0.20-0.50 0.40 max 8.00-9.50

A-358 TP-304 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 8.0-10.50 18.0-20.0

TP 310S 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.50 19.0-22.0 24.0-26.0

TP 316 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 10.0-14.0 16.0-18.0

TP 316L 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 10.4-14.0 16.0-18.0

TP 317L 0.035 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 11.0-15.0 18.0-20.0

TP 321 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 9.0-12.0 17.0-20.0

TP 347 0.08 2.00 0.45 0.030 0.75 9.0-13.0 17.0-20.0

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Chemical Composition & Mecanical Properties of Pipes

GENERALLY USED FOR PIPING

Mo Cu Other Tensile Yietd Strength Elong mini

Strength Mini-MPa/Psi % C F

Mini-MPa/Psi

0.15 max 0.40 max 0.08 max 300-48000 205-30000 36

0.15 max 0.40 max 0.08 max 415-60000 240-35000 29.5

0.15 max 0.40 max 0.08 max 330-48000 205-30000 L35-T25

0.15 max 0.40 max 0.08 max 415-60000 240-35000 L30-T15.5

0.15 max 0.40 max 0.08 max 485-70000 275-40000 L30-T16.5

380-55000 205-3000 L35-T25 -45 -50

450-65000 240-35000 L30-T20 -100 -150

0.40-0.75 Al:0.40-0.30% 415-60000 240-35000 L30-T16 -100 -150

415-60000 240-35000 L30-T16 -45 -50

0.75-1.25 435-63000 315-46000 L28 -75 -100

0.44-0.65 380-55000 205-30000 L30-T20

0.45-0.65 415-60000 205-30000 L30-T20

0.90-1.10 415-60000 205-30000 L30-T20

0.44-0.65 415-60000 205-30000 L30-T20

0.44-0.65 415-60000 220-30000 L30-T20

0.80-1.06 415-60000 205-30000 L30-T20

0.87-1.13 415-60000 205-30000 L30-T20

0.85-1.05 Vo-0.18-0.25% 585-85000 415-65000 L20

—

—

2.0-3.0

2.0-3.0

3.0-4.0

— Ti5xC<0.70%

— Cb10xC<1.00%

Impact test at

Class 1 : Double welded pipes & full

Radiography

Class 2 : Double welded no Radiography

Class 3 : Single welded full Radiography

Class 4 : Single welded full Radiography

root pass without addition of ller metal

Class 5 : Double Welded sport Radiography


CARBON STEEL & STAINLESS STEEL WEIGHT PER KG/MTR.

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Nominal O, D 10 20 30 STD 40 60 Xs 80 pipe size mm

1/8 10,30 1,73 1,73 2,41 2,41 0,37 0,37 0,47 0,47

1/4 13,70 2,24 2,24 3,02 3,02 0,63 0,63 0,80 0,80

3/8 17,10 2,31 2,31 3,20 3,20 0,84 0,84 1,10 1,10

1/2 21,30 2,77 2,77 3,73 3,73 1,27 1,27 1,62 1,62

3/4 26,70 2,87 2,77 3,73 3,73 1,69 1,69 2,20 2,20

1 33,40 3,38 3,38 4,55 4,55 2,50 2,50 3,24 3,24

1 1/4 42,20 3,56 3,56 4,85 4,85 3,39 3,39 4,47 4,47

1 1/2 48,30 3,68 3,68 5,08 5,08 4,05 4,05 5,41 5,41

2 60,30 3,91 3,91 5,54 5,54 5,44 5,44 7,48 7,48

2 1/2 73,00 5,16 5,16 7,01 7,01 8,63 8,63 11,41 11,41

3 88,90 5,49 5,49 7,62 7,62 11,29 11,29 15,27 15,27

3 1/2 101,80 5,74 5,74 8,08 8,08 13,57 13,57 18,63 18,63

4 114,30 6,02 6,02 8,56 8,56 16,07 16,07 22,32 22,32

5 141,30 6,55 6,55 9,53 9,53 21,77 21,77 30,97 30,97

6 168,30 7,11 7,11 10,97 10,97 28,26 28,26 42,56 42,56

8 210,10 6,35 7,04 8,18 8,18 10,30 12,70 12,70 33,31 36,81 42,55 42,55 53,10 64,64 64,64

10 273,10 6,35 7,80 9,27 9,27 12,70 12,70 15,09 41,77 51,03 60,31 30,31 81,50 81,55 96,01

12 323,90 6,35 8,38 9,53 10,31 14,30 12,70 17,48 49,73 65,20 73,88 79,73 109,00 97,46 132,08

14 355,60 6,35 7,92 9,53 9,53 11,13 15,10 12,70 19,05 54,69 67,90 81,33 81,33 94,55 126,40 107,39 158,10

16 406,40 6,35 7,92 9,53 9,53 12,70 16,70 12,70 21,44 62,64 77,83 93,27 93,27 123,30 160,00 123,30 203,53


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100 120 140 160 XXS Nominal SHIPPING2 pipe size 5S 10S 40S 80S Vol/mm

FIGURES BASED ON AUSTENITIC STEEL

1/8 1,24 1,73 2,41 0,0001 0,28 0,36 0,48

1/4 1,65 2,24 3,02 0,0002 0,51 0,64 0,82

3/8 1,65 2,31 3,20 0,0003 0,64 0,86 1,12

4,78 7,47 1/2 1,65 2,11 2,77 3,78 0,0004 1,95 2,55 0,82 1,01 1,30 1,65

5,56 7,82 3/4 1,65 2,11 2,87 3,91 0,0007 2,90 3,64 1,04 1,31 1,71 2,24

6,35 9,09 1 1,65 2,77 3,38 4,55 0,0011 4,24 5,45 1,33 2,13 2,56 3,29

6,35 9,70 1 1/4 1,65 2,77 3,56 4,86 0,0018 5,61 7,77 1,68 2,76 3,46 4,56

7,14 10,15 1 1/2 1,65 2,77 3,68 5,08 0,0023 7,25 9,56 1,95 3,17 4,13 5,51

8,74 11,07 2 1,65 2,77 3,91 5,54 0,0036 11,11 13,44 2,24 4,01 5,54 7,63

9,56 14,02 2 1/2 2,11 3,05 5,16 7,01 0,0053 14,92 20,39 3,77 5,36 8,81 11,64

11,13 15,24 3 2,11 3,05 5,49 7,62 0,0079 21,35 27,68 4,60 6,59 11,52 15,59

- - 3 1/2 2,11 3,05 5,74 8,08 0,0103 - - 5,29 7,55 13,84 19,01

11,13 13,49 17,12 4 2,11 3,05 6,02 8,56 0,0130 28,32 33,54 41,03 5,96 8,52 16,40 22,77

12,70 15,88 19,05 5 2,77 3,40 6,55 9,53 0,0189 40,28 49,11 57,43 9,67 11,82 22,20 31,59

14,27 18,26 21,95 6 2,77 3,40 7,11 10,97 0,028 67,56 79,22 11,55 14,13 28,83 43,42

15,09 18,26 20,62 23,01 22,23 8 2,77 3,76 8,18 12,70 0,048 75,92 90,44 100,92 111,27 107,92 15,09 20,37 43,39 65,85

18,26 21,44 25,40 28,58 26,40 10 3,40 4,19 9,27 12,70 0,074 114,75 133,06 165,15 172,33 155,15 23,08 23,34 61,52 83,19

21,44 25,40 28,58 33,32 25,40 12 3,96 4,57 9,53 12,70 0,104 159,91 186,97 208,14 238,76 186,97 31,89 86,73 75,32 99,43

23,83 27,79 31,75 35,71 14 3,96 4,78 0,126 194,96 224,65 253,56 287,70 35,06 42,14

26,19 30,96 369,53 40,49 16 4,19 4,78 0,165 245,56 286,65 333,19 365,35 42,41 48,26



14

Nominal O, D 10 20 30 STD 40 60 Xs 80 pipe size mm

18 457,00 6,35 7,92 11,13 9,53 14,27 19,00 12,70 23,83 70,57 87,71 122,38 105,16 155,80 206,00 139,15 254,55

20 508,00 6,35 9,53 12,70 9,53 15,09 20,60 12,70 26,19 78,55 117,15 155,12 117,15 183,42 248,5 155,12 311,17

22 559,00 6,35 9,53 12,70 9,53 - 22,20 12,70 28,58 88,54 129,13 171,09 129,13 - 294,00, 171,09 373,83

24 610,00 6,35 9,53 14,27 9,53 17,48 24,60 12,70 30,96 94,53 141,12 209,64 141,12 255,41 355,00 187,06 442,08

26 680,00 7,92 12,70 - 9,53 - 12,70 127,36 202,72 - 152,87 - 202,72

28 711,00 7,92 12,70 15,58 9,53 - 12,70 137,32 218,69 271,21 164,85 - 218,69

30 762,00 7,92 12,70 15,88 9,53 - 12,70 147,28 234,67 292,18 176,84 - 234,67

32 813,00 7,92 12,70 15,88 9,53 17,48 12,70 157,24 250,64 312,15 188,82 342,91 250,64

34 864,00 7,92 12,70 15,88 9,53 17,48 12,70 167,20 266,61 332,12 200,31 364,90 266,81

36 914,00 7,92 12,70 15,88 9,53 19,05 12,70 176,96 282,27 351,70 212,56 420,42 282,27

38 965,00 9,53 12,70 224,54 298,24

40 1016,00 9,53 12,70 236,53 314,22

42 1067,00 9,53 12,70 248,53 330,19

44 1118,00 9,53 12,70 260,50 346,16

48 1219,00 9,53 12,70 284,24 377,79


15

100 120 140 160 XXS Nominal SHIPPING2 pipe size 5S 10S 40S 80S Vol/mm

FIGURES BASED ON AUSTENITIC STEEL

29,36 34,93 39,67 45,24 18 4,19 4,78 0,208 309,62 363,56 408,26 459,37 47,77 54,36

32,54 38,10 44,45 50,01 20 4,78 5,54 0,258 381,53 441,49 508,11 564,81 60,46 70,00

34,93 41,28 47,63 53,98 22 4,78 5,54 0,312 451,42 527,02 600,63 672,26 66,57 77,06

38,89 46,02 52,37 59,54 24 5,54 6,35 0,372 547,71 640,03 720,15 808,22

26 0,435

28 0,505

30 6,35 7,92 0,580 120,72 150,36

34 0,746

36 0,835

38 0,931

40 1,032

42 1,138

44 1,249

46 1,364

48 1,485


16

Physical & Chemical Properties of S.S., A.S. & B. Q. Plates

Chemical requirements percent (%)

ASTM Grade C Mn P S Si Ni Cr

max Max Max Max Max

304 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 8.0-10.5 18.00-20.0

304L 0.03 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 8.00-12.0 18.00-20.0

310 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.50 19.0-22.0 24.0-28.0

A 240 316 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 10.0-14.0 16.0-18.0

316L 0.03 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 11.0-15.0 18.0-20.0

317L 0.03 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 9.00-12.0 17.0-19.0

321 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 9.00-12.0 17.0-19.0

2 005-0.21 0.55-0.80 0.035 0.040 0.15-0.40 0.50-0.80

5 0.15 0.30-0.60 0.04 0.030 0.050 4.00-6.00

7 0.15 0.30-0.60 0.030 0.030 1.00 6.00-8.00

A 3387 9 0.15 0.30-0.60 0.030 0.030 1.00 8.00-10.0

Class 1 11 0.04-0.17 0.40-0.65 0.035 0.04 0.50-0.80 1.00-1.50

Class 2 12 0.04-0.17 0.40-0.65 0.035 0.04 0.15-0.40 0.80-1.15

21 0.04-0.17 0.30-0.60 0.035 0.035 0.50 2.75-3.25

22 0.05-0.17 0.30-0.60 0.035 0.035 0.50 2.00-2.50

55 0.22 0.90 0.035 0.04 0.15-0.40

60 0.27 0.90 0.035 0.04 0.15-0.40

A 515 65 0.31 0.90 0.035 0.04 0.15-0.40

70 0.33 1.20 0.035 0.04 0.15-0.40

55 0.20 0.60-1.20 0.035 0.04 0.15-0.40

60 0.23 0.85-1.20 0.035 0.04 0.15-0.40

A 516 65 0.26 0.85-1.20 0.035 0.04 0.15-0.40

70 0.28 0.70-1.35 0.035 0.040 0.15-0.40

A 537 Class 1 0.24 0.70-1.35 0.035 0.040 0.1 S-0.40 0.25 max 0.80 max

Class 2 0.24 0.70-1.35 0.035 0.040 0.15-0.40 0.25 max 0.80 max

17

Physical & Chemical Properties of S.S., A.S. & B. Q. Plates

Mechanical requirements

Mo Cu Other Tensile Yietd Strength Elong mini

mini-MPa Mini-MPa % Brinell Rockwell

Hardness

515 205 40 201 92

485 170 40 201 92

515 208 40 217 95

2.00-3.00 515 205 40 217 95

2.00-3.00 465 170 40 217 95

3.00-4.00 515 205 40 217 95

Ti<5aC<0.70 515 205 40 217 95

Cb+Ta>10xC<1.10 515 205 40 201 92

Class 1 Class2 Class1 C lass2

0.45-0.60 380 486 230 310 22 max201HB mx92HRB

0.45-0.B5 415 515 205 310 18 max202HB mx92HRB

045-0.65 415 515 205 310 18 max217HB mx95HRB

0.90-1.10 415 515 205 310 18 max217HB mx95HRB

0.45-0.65 415 515 240 310 22 max217HB mx9SHRB

045-0.80 380 450 230 275 22 max217HB mx95HRB

415 515 205 310 18 max201HB mx92HRB

0.90-1.10 415 515 205 310 18 max201HB mx92HRB

380-515 205 27

415-550 220 25

450-585 240 23

485-620 260 21

380-515 205 27

415-550 202 25

450-585 240 23

485-620 280 21

0.35 max 485-620 345 22

0.35 max 550-690 415 22


18

Available Ex-Stock Seamless Tube Size & Weight Kg./Mtr.

O.D. mm/in 3.175 4.76 6.35 7.94 9.53 11.10 12.7 14.29

W.T. mm 1/8” 3/16” 1/4” 5/16” 3/8” 7.16” 1/2” 9/16”

0.71 0.043 0.071 0.099 0.127 0.155 - - -

0.91 0.051 0.086 0.122 0.158 0.193 0.229 0.265 0.300

1.02 - 0.094 0.134 0.174 0.213 - 0.293 -

1.22 - 0.107 0.154 0.202 0.250 - 0.345 -

1.63 - - 0.190 0.254 0.318 - 0.445 -

2.03 - - 0.216 0.296 0.375 - 0.534 -

O.D. mm/in 19.05 25.4 31.75 34.95 38.10 44.5 50.80 57.15

W.T. mm 3.4” 1” 1 1/4” 13/8” 1 1/2” 13/4” 2” 2 1/4”

2.03 0.820 1.170 1.448 1.636 1.805 2.123 2.440 2.759

2.64 1.068 1.481 1.894 - 2.308 - 3.134 -

2.95 1.171 1.633 2.095 2.328 2.557 3.012 3.473 3.094

3.25 1.266 1.774 2.283 2.537 2.791 3.299 3.808 4.317

3.66 - 1.962 2.531 2.817 3.102 3.675 4.427 4.820

4.08 - 2.134 2.772 3.043 3.408 4.05 4.678 -

4.47 - 2.305 3.004 3.354 3.704 4.40 5.102 5.800

4.88 - 2.466 3.227 3.610 3.991 4.75 5.516 6.379

5.38 - 2.655 3.497 3.918 4.339 5.18 6.023 6.866

6.35 - 2.980 3.900 4.480 4.930 5.940 6.940 7.880

7.94 - - 4.700 5.290 5.290 7.200 8.480 9.670

9.53 - - - 5.970 6.710 8.200 9.720 11.20

12.70 - - - - - - - -

O.D. mm/in 114.3 127.0 133.70 139.70 152.40 150.00 165.10 177.80

W.T. mm 4 1/2" 5" 5 1/4" 5 1/2" 6" 6 1/4" 6 1/2" 7"

4.08 10.90 - - 13.40 - - - -

4.47 12.20 13.60 14.30 15.00 16.40 - - -

4.88 13.20 14.80 15.50 16.30 17.80 - 19.40 -

5.38 14.50 16.20 17.00 17.90 19.60 - 21.30 -

6.35 16.80 18.80 19.70 20.70 22.70 23.29 24.70 26.77

7.94 21.00 23.50 24.70 26.00 28.50 29.58 31.00 33.28

9.53 24.60 27.50 28.90 30.50 33.50 35.13 36.50 41.37

12.70 21.82 35.30 37.90 39.20 43.10 45.82 47.00 51.55

19.05 44.75 50.60 53.72 56.60 62.50 68.50 68.50 74.34

25.40 55.68 62.90 67.84 70.70 78.50 - 86.40 95.46

19

Available Ex-Stock Seamless Tube Size & Weight Kg./Mtr.

O.D. mm/in 15.88 19.05 22.22 25.4 31.75 38.10 44.5 50.8

W.T. mm 5/8" 3/4" 7/8" 1" 1 1/4" 1 1/2" 1 3/4" 2"

0.71 - - - - - - - -

0.91 0.336 0.407 0.478 0.550 0.690 0.83 0.98 1.12

1.02 0.374 0.453 0.532 0.612 D.770 0.73 1.09 1.25

1.22 0.441 0.526 0.632 0.728 0.920 1.11 1.30 1.49

1.63 0.573 0.700 0.828 0.952 1.210 1.47 1.72 1.98

2.03 0.693 0.852 1.011 1.17 1.490 1.81 2.13 2.44

O.D. mm/in 63.05 69.85 76.1 82.5 88.9 95.25 101.60 108.00

W.T. mm 2 1/2" 2 3/4" 3" 3 1/4" 3 1/2" 3 3/4" 4" 4 1/4"

2.03 3.077 - - - - - - -

2.64 3.962 - - - - - - 10.3

2.95 4.405 4.867 5.329 - - - - 11.5

3.25 4.826 5.333 5.842 6.36 6.86 - 7.86 12.5

3.66 5.391 5.964 6.535 7.12 7.69 8.27 8.84 13.7

4.08 5.950 6.586 7.221 7.86 8.40 9.13 9.77 15.80

4.47 6.500 7.199 7.898 8.660 9.37 10.00 10.8 19.70

4.88 7.043 7.805 8.568 9.380 10.20 10.88 11.7 23.10

5.38 7.708 8.550 9.390 10.30 T1.10 11.92 12.8 29.85

6.35 8.890 9.900 10.80 11.80 12.80 13.92 14.80 15.80

7.94 10.90 12.20 13.40 14.70 16.00 17.10 18.50 19.70

9.53 12.18 14.18 15.60 17.10 18.60 20.15 21.60 23.10

12.70 15.91 17.85 19.88 21.86 23.86 25.85 27.80 29.85

O.D. mm/in 190.5 993.70 203.20 229 244.5 254.0 304.8

W.T. mm 7 1/2" 7 5/8" 8" 9" 9 5/8" 10" 12"

4.08 - - - - - - -

4.47 - - - - - - -

4.88 - - - - - - -

5.38 - 26.00 - - - - -

6.35 28.84 29.34 30.82 - 37.29 - -

7.94 35.88 29.34 30.82 - 37.29 - -

9.53 42.48 43.26 - - 47.67 - -

12.70 55.68 56.70 59.66 67.74 72.60 75.57 91.48

19.05 80.54 82.05 86.50 96.63 105.66 110.50 134.25

25.40 - 105.42 111.40 127.28 137.24 43.19 175.24


20

ASTM S 105 / 105 M FORGED SOCKET WELD,

ASTM C Mn Si S P Cr Ni

Grade

A 105 / 105M 0.35 0.60 0.35 0.50 0.040 - - max 1.05 max max max

ASTM A182 / A18M AUSTENITIC, STAINLESS STEEL FORGED

A 182 / 182 M 0.08 2.00 1.00 0.03 0.04 18.0 8.0 F 304 max max max max max 20.0 10.0

A 182 / 182 M 0.035 2.00 1.00 0.03 0.04 18.0 8.0 F 304L max max max max max 20.0 13.0



A 182 / 182 M 0.04 2.00 1.00 0.03 0.04 16.0 10.0 F 316H 0.10 max max max max 18.0 14.0

A 182 / 182 M 0.08 2.00 1.00 0.03 0.04 17.0 9.0 F 321 max max max max max min 12.0



A 182 / 182 M 0.08 2.00 1.00 0.03 0.04 18.0 8.0 F 347H max max max max max 20.0 10.0

ASTM A182 / A18M FORGED ALLOY STEEL, (S.W), SCREWED,

A 182 / 182 M 0.28 0.06 0.15 0.045 0.045 - F 1 max 0.90 0.35 max max

A 182 / 182 M 0.10 0.30 0.10 0.04 0.04 0.80 - F 12 Class 2 0,20 0.80 0.60 max max 1,25

A 182 / 182 M 0.10 0,03 0.50 0.04 0.04 1.0 - F 11 Class 2 0,20 0.80 1.0 max max 1.50

A 182 / 182 M 0.50 0.30 0.50 0.04 0.04 2.00 0.50 F 22 Class 3 0.15 0.80 max max max 2.50 max

A 182 / 182 M 0.15 0.30 0.50 0.03 0.03 4.0 0.5 F5 max 0.60 max max max 6.0 max

A 182 / 182 M 0.05 0.30 0.50 0.03 0.03 8.0 - F9 max 0.60 max max max 10.0

21

SCREWED, CARBON STEEL PIPE FITTINGS

Mo Other Tensile Psi Yietd Elongation Hardness Redu

(MPa) (MPa) % %

- C4-0.40 187 30

Vn-0.03 485 (280) 22- HB max

Cu-0.02

(SW), SCREWED, FLANGES, FOR HIGH TEMPS, SERVICES

- - 515 205 30 - 50

- - 485 170 30 223 50

2.0 - 515 205 30 - 50 3.0 25 45

2.0 - 485 170 30 - 50 3.0

2.0 - 515 205 30 - 50 3.0

- Ti>5xC 515 205 30 - 50 <0.70

- - 515 205 30 - 50

3.00 - 485 170 30 - 50 4.0

Cb+Ta>10 515 205 30 - 50 xC <1.10

FLANGES, FOR TEMPERATURE SERVICES

0.44 - 485 275 20 143-192 30 0.65

0.44 - 485 275 20 143-207 30 0.65

0.44 - 485 275 20 143-207 30 0.65

0.90 - 515 310 20 156-207 30 1.10

0.44 - 485 275 20 143-217 35

0.90 - 585 386 20 173-217 40 1.10


22

ASMA 403 / A 403M WROUGHT AUSTENITIC A 403 / 403 M 0.08 2.00 1.00 0.030 0.045 18.00 W P 304 max 20.00 A 403 / 403 M 0.035 2.00 1.00 0.030 0.045 18.00 W P 304L max 20.00 A 403 / 403 M 0.015 2.00 1.00 0.030 0.045 22.00 W P 309 max 24.00 A 403 / 403 M 0.015 2.00 1.50 0.030 0.045 24.00 W P 310 max 26.00 A 403 / 403 M 0.08 2.00 1.00 0.030 0.045 16.00 W P 316 max 18.00 A 403 / 403 M 0.030 2.00 0.75 0.030 0.040 11.00 W P 316 L N max 18.00 A 403 / 403 M 0.035 2.00 1.00 0.030 0.045 16.00 W P 316 L max 18.00 A 403 / 403 M 0.030 2.00 1.00 0.030 0.045 18.00 W P 317 L max 20.00 A 403 / 403 M 0.08 2.00 1.00 0.030 0.045 17.00 W P 321 max 20.00 A 403 / 403 M 0.04-0.10 2.00 1.00 0.030 0.045 17.00 W P 347 H 20.00

ASTM C Mn Si S P Cr GRADE A234 WPB 0.30 0.29 0.10 0.058 0.050 - max 1.06 min max max A 234 WPB 0.35 0.29 0.10 0.058 0.050 - max 1.06 min max max

STM A2341234M PIPING FITTINGS OR WROUGHT CARBON

A 234 / 234M 0.05 0.30 0.60 0.045 0.035 0.80-1.25 W P 12 CL-1 0.20 0.80 max max max A 234 / 234M 0.05 0.30 0.60 0.045 0.045 0.80-1.25 W P 12 CL-2 0.20 0.80 max max max A 234 / 234M 0.05 0.30 0.50 0.030 0.030 1.00 W P 11 CL-1 0.15 0.60 1.00 max max 1.50 A 234 / 234M 0.05 0.30 0.50 0.040 0.040 1.00 W P 11 CL-2 0.20 0.60 1.00 max max 1.50 A 234 / 234M 0.05 0.30 0.60 0.045 0.035 1.00 W P 11 CL-3 0.20 0.60 1.00 max max 1.50 A 234 / 234M 0.05 0.30 0.50 0.040 0.040 1.90 W P 22 CL-1 0.15 0.60 max max max 2.60 A 234 / 234M 0.05 0.30 0.50 0.040 0.040 1.90 W P 22 CL-3 0.15 0.60 max max max 2.60 A 234 / 234M 0.15 0.30 0.50 0.030 0.040 4.00 W P 5 max 0.60 max max max 6.00 A 234 / 234M 0.15 0.30 0.25 0.030 0.030 8.00 W P 9 max 0.60 1.00 max max 10.00

ASTM A234 / 234M PIPING FITTINGS OR WROUGHT ALLOY STEEL

23

SCREWED, CARBON STEEL PIPE FITTINGS Ni Mo Other Tensile Yield Elongation Hardness Ps(MPa) % HB - - - 415-585 240 22 197

- - - 485-655 275 22 197

FOR MODERATE AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURES - 0.44 - 415-585 220 22 197 0.65 - 0.44 - 485-655 275 22 197 0.65 - 0.44 - 415-585 205 22 197 0.65 - 0.44 - 485-655 275 22 197 0.65 - 0.44 - 520-690 310 22 197 0.65 - 0.87 - 520-690 310 22 197 1.13 - 0.44 - 415-585 205 22 197 0.65 - 0.90 - 415-585 205 22 197 1.10

STAINLESS STEEL PIPE FITTINGS 8.00 - - 515 205 20 - 11.00 8.00 - - 485 170 20 - 13.00 12.00 - - 515 205 20 - 15.00 19.00 - - 515 205 20 - 22.00 10.00 2.00 - 515 205 20 - 20.00 3.00 11.00 2.00 No.1- 515 205 20 - 14.00 3.00 0.16 10.00 2.00 - 485 170 20 - 15.00 3.00 11.00 3.00 - 515 205 20 - 15.00 4.00 9.00 - Ti>5xC< 515 205 20 - 13.00 9.00 - Cb+Ta > 515 205 20 - 13.00 10xC<1.10


24

STM A2341234M PIPING FITTINGS OR WROUGHT CARBON

ASTM C Mn Si S P Cr Ni Mo GRADE

A 815 WP 27 0.010 0.75 0.40 0.020 0.020 25- 0.50 0.75- 27.5 1.50

A 815 WP 430 0.12 1.00 1.0 0.030 0.040 16-18 0.50 -

A 815 WP 446 0.20 1.5 0.75 0.030 0.040 23-30 0.50 -

A 815 WP 410 0.15 1.00 1.0 0.030 0.040 11.5- 0.50 - 13.5

A 815 WP 429 0.12 1.00 0.75 0.03 0.04 14-16 0.50 -

ASTM C Mn Si S P Cr Ni Mo GRADE

A 350 LF1 0.30 1.35 0.15 0.040 0.035 0.30 0.40 0.12 max max 0.30 max max max max max

A LF2 0.30 1.35 0.15 0.040 0.035 0.30 0.40 0.12 max max 0.30 max max max max max

A LF3 0.20 0.90 0.20 0.040 0.035 0.30 3.25 0.12 max max 0.30 max max max 3.75 max

A LF5 0.30 1.35 0.20 0.040 0.035 0.30 1.0 0.12 max max 0.35 max max max 2.0 max

A LF6 0.22 1.15 0.15 0.025 0.025 0.30 0.40 0.12 max 1.50 0.30 max max max max max

A LF9 0.20 0.40 - 0.040 0.035 0.30 1.16 0.12 max 1.06 max max max 2.24 max

ASTM A 350 / A 350 M FORGED SOCKET WELD, SCREWED

ASTM A 420/ A 420 M WROUGHT CARBON STEEL

A 420 WPL-6 0.30 0.39 0.10 0.030 0.030 - - max 1.06 min max max

A WPL 9 0.20 0.40 - 0.030 0.030 - 1.60 max 1.06 2.24

A WPL 3 0.20 0.31 0.13 0.05 0.05 - 3.18 max 0.64 0.37 3.82

A WPL 8 0.13 0.90 0.13 0.030 0.030 - 8.40 max max 0.37 9.60

25

MARTENSTIC STAINLESS STEEL PIPE FITTINGS Other Tensile Yietd Elongation Hardness Mati. (MPa) Strip/Round % Brinell

Cu-0.20 450-600 40 20.0 190 FERRITIC 275

- 450-620 35 20.0 190 FERRITIC 240 Ni-10-0.25 425-655 40 18.0 207 FERRITIC 275 - 425-655 30 20.0 207 FERRITIC 205 620-795 65 25.0 190 FERRITIC 450

CARBON STEEL LOW-TEMPARATURE SERVICE PIPE FITTINGS Other Tensile Yietd Elongation Jutos.Av.Mi Redu. in (Mpa) (Mpa) Strip/Round Area (%)

Cu-0.4 max 415-585 205 25 18/14 380 Cb-0.02 max (-28.9)

Va0.3 max

Cu-0.4 max 485-655 250 30 20-16 300 Cb-0.02 max (-45.6)

Va0.3 max

Cu-0.4 max 485-655 260 30 20/16 350 Cb-0.02 max (-101.1)

Va0.3 max

Cu-0.4 max CL-1 415-585 CL-1 205 CL-1 25 20/16 CL 1.380 Cb-0.02 max CL-2 485-655 CL-2 260 CL-2 30 (CL1&2-59.4) C: 2/35

Va-0.3 max

Cu-0.4 max CL-1 455-495 CL-1 360 CL-1 30 CL1-20/16 Cb-0.02 max CL-2 515-655 CL-2 415 CL-2 28 CL.2 27/20 40

0 Va-0.4-0.11 (CL1&2-50) Nit-0.01-0.03

Cu-0.75-1.25 (435-605) 315 28 18/14 380 Cb-0.02 max (-73.3)

Va-0.3 max

LOW-TEMPARATURE STEEL PIPE FITTINGS - - 415-585 240 22 17.6/13.6

0 (-45)

- Cu-0.75-1.25 435-610 315 20 17.6/13.60 (-75)

- - 450-620 240 22 17.6/13.60 (-100)

- - 690-865 515 16 33.9/27.10 (-195)


NominalPipe Size

OutsideDiameter

Center to FaceBack

to Face

26

Butt Welding Pipe Fitting Dimensional Stanard ANSI B-16.9, B-16.28

Inch mm D A B C N E

1 1/2 15 21.3 38.00 16.0 25.0 – 25.0

3/4 20 26.7 29.00 11.0 29.0 – 25.0

1 25 33.4 38.00 22.0 38.0 25.0 38.0

1 1/4 32 42.2 48.00 25.0 48.0 32.0 38.0

1 1/2 40 48.3 57.15 29.0 57.0 38.0 38.0

2 50 60.3 76.00 35.0 64.0 51.0 38.0

2 1/2 65 73 95.25 44.0 76.0 64.0 38.0

3 80 88.9 114.30 51.0 86.0 76.0 51.0

3 1/2 90 1016 133.35 57.0 95.0 89.0 64.0

4 100 114.3 152.0 63.0 105.0 102.0 64.0

5 125 141.3 190.0 79.0 123.0 127.0 76.0

6 150 168.3 229.0 95.0 143.0 152.0 89.0

8 200 219.1 305.0 127.0 178.0 203.0 102.0

10 250 273.1 381.0 159.0 216.0 254.0 127.0

12 300 323.9 457.0 190.0 254.0 303.0 152.0

14 350 355.6 533.0 222.0 279.0 356.0 165.0

16 400 406.4 610.0 254.0 305.0 406.0 178.0

18 450 457.2 686.0 286.0 343.0 457.0 203.0

20 500 508 762.0 318.0 381.0 508.0 229.0

22 550 559 838.0 343.0 419.0 559.0 254.0

24 600 610 914.0 381.0 432.0 610.0 267.0

26 650 660 991.0 406.0 495.0 660.0 267.0

28 700 711 1067.0 438.0 521.0 771.0 267.0

30 750 762 1143.0 470.0 589.0 762.0 267.4

32 800 813 1219.0 502.0 597.0 813.0 267.0

34 850 864 1295.0 533.0 635.0 864.0 267.0

36 9001 914 1372.0 565.0 673.0 914.0 267.0

27


Back to Face Center to Center Length ‘L’

MSSSP43 B-6.9

Inch mm D A B C N

48.0 76.0 35.0 50.8 76.2

43.0 57.0 43.0 50.8 76.2

56.0 41.0 76.0 51.0 51.0 50.8 101.6

70.0 52.0 95.0 64.0 64.0 50.8 101.6

83.0 62.0 114.0 76.0 73.0 50.8 101.6

106.0 81.0 152.0 102.0 93.0 63.5 152.4

132.0 100.0 191.0 127.0 105.0 63.5 152.4

159.0 121.0 229.0 152.0 127.0 63.5 152.4

184.0 140.0 267.0 178.0 140.0 76.2 152.4

210.0 159.0 305.0 203.0 157.0 76.2 152.4

262.0 197.0 381.0 254.0 186.0 76.2 203.2

313.0 237.0 457.0 305.0 216.0 88.9 203.2

414.0 313.0 610.0 406.0 270.0 101.6 203.2

515.0 391.0 762.0 508.0 324.0 127 254

619.0 467.0 914.0 610.0 381.0 152.4 254

711.0 533.0 1067.0 711.0 t13:0 152.4 305.0

813.0 610.0 1219.0 813.0 470.0 152.4 305.0

914.0 686.0 1372.0 914.0 533.0 152.4 305.0

1016.0 762.0 1524.0 1016.0 584.0 152.4 305.0

1118.0 838.0 1676.0 1118.0 614.4 152.4 305.0

1219.0 914.0 1829.0 1219.0 692.0 152.4 305.0

T = Wall Thickness


28


Outside Diameter Center to Face LengthNominal Pipe Size

Inch mm D P C M H 1 1/2 x 3/8 15 x 10 21.3 17.1 25 25 - 112 x 1/4 15 x 8 21.3 13.7 25 25 - 3/4 x 1/2 20 x 15 33.4 21.3 29 29 38 3/4 x 3/8 20 x 10 33.4 17.1 29 29 38 1 x 3/4 25 x 20 26.7 26.7 38 38 51 1 x 1/2 25 x 15 26.7 21.3 38 38 51 1 1/4 x 1 32 x 25 42.2 33.4 48 48 51 1 1/4 x 3/4 32 x 20 42.2 26.7 48 48 51 1 1/4 x 1/2 32 x 15 42.2 21.3 48 48 51 1 1/2 x 1 1/2 40 x 32 48.3 42.2 57 57 64 1 1/2 x 1 40 x 25 48.3 33.4 57 57 64 1 1/2 x 3/4 40 x 20 48.3 26.7 57 57 64 1 1/2 x 1/2 40 x15 48.3 21.3 57 57 64 2 x 1 1/2 50 x 40 60.3 48.2 64 60 76 2 x 1 1/4 50 x 32 60.3 42.2 64 57 76 2 x 1 50 x 25 60.3 33.4 64 51 76 2 x 3/4 50 x 20 60.3 26.7 64 44 76 2 1/2 x 2 65 x 50 73.0 60.3 76 70 89 2 1/2 x 1 1/2 65 x 40 73.0 48.3 76 67 89 2 1/2 x 1 1/4 65 x 32 73.0 42.2 76 64 89 2 1/2 x 1 65 x 25 73.0 33.4 76 57 89 3 x 2 1/2 80 x 65 88.9 73.0 86 83 89 3 x 2 80 x 50 88.9 60.3 86 76 89 3 x 1 1/2 80 x 40 88.9 48.3 86 73 89 3 x 1 1/4 80 x 32 88.9 42.2 86 70 89 4 x 3 1/2 100 x 90 114.3 101.6 105 102 102 4 x 3 100 x 80 114.3 88.9 105 98 102 4 x 2 1/2 100 x 65 114.3 73.0 105 95 102 4 x 2 100 x 50 114.3 60.3 105 89 102 4 x 1 1/2 100 x 40 114.3 48.3 105 86 102 5 x 4 125 x 100 141.3 114.3 124 117 127 5 x 3 1/2 125 x 90 141.3 101.6 124 114 127 5 x 3 125 x 80 141.3 88.9 124 111 127 5 x 2 1/2 125 x 65 141.3 73.0 124 108 127 5 x 2 125 x 50 141.3 60.3 124 105 127 6 x 5 150 x 125 168.3 141.3 143 137 140 6 x 4 150 x 100 168.3 114.3 143 130 140

29


Outside Diameter Center to Face LengthNominal Pipe Size

Inch mm D P C M H 6 x 3 1/2 150 x 90 168.3 101.6 143 127 140 6 x 3 150 x 80 168.3 88.9 143 124 140 6 x 2 1/2 150 x 65 168.3 73.0 143 121 140 8 x 6 200 x 150 219.1 168.3 178 168 152 8 x 5 200 x 125 219.1 141.3 178 162 152 8 x 4 200 x 100 219.1 114.3 178 156 152 8 x 3 1/2 200 x 90 219.1 101.6 178 152 152 10 x 8 250 x 200 273.1 219.1 216 203 178 10 x 6 250 x 150 273.1 168.1 216 194 178 10 x 5 250 x 125 273.1 141.3 216 191 178 10 x 4 250 x 100 273.1 114.3 216 184 178 12 x 10 300 x 250 273.1 114.3 216 184 178 12 x 8 300 x 200 323.9 219.1 254 229 203 12 x 6 300 x 150 323.9 168.3 254 219 203 12 x 5 300 x 125 323.9 141.3 254 216 203 14 x 12 350 x 300 355.6 323.9 279 270 330 14 x 10 350 x 250 355.6 273.1 279 257 330 14 x 8 350 x 200 355.6 219.1 279 248 330 14 x 6 350 x 150 355.6 168.3 279 238 330 16 x 14 400 x 350 406.4 355.6 305 305 356 16 x 12 400 x 300 406.4 323.9 305 295 356 16 x 10 400 x 250 406.4 273.1 305 273 356 16 x 8 400 x 200 406.4 219.1 305 273 356 16 x 6 400 x 150 406.4 168.3 305 264 - 18 x 16 450 x 400 457.0 406.4 343 330 381 18 x 14 450 x 350 457.0 355.6 343 330 381 18 x 12 450 x 300 457.0 323.9 343 321 381 18 x 10 450 x 250 457.0 273.1 343 308 361 18 x 8 450 x 200 457.0 219.1 343 298 - 20 x 18 500 x 450 508.0 457.0 381 368 508 20 x 16 500 x 400 508.0 406.4 381 356 508 20 x 14 500 x 350 508.0 355.6 381 356 508 20 x 12 500 x 300 508.0 323.9 381 346 508 20 x 10 500 x 250 508.0 273.1 381 333 - 20 x 8 500 x 200 508.0 219.1 381 324 - 24 x 22 600 x 550 610.0 559.0 432 432 508 24 x 20 600 x 500 610.0 508.0 432 432 508 24 x 18 600 x 450 610.0 457.0 432 419 508 24 x 16 600 x 400 610.0 406.4 432 406 508 24 x 14 600 x 350 610.0 355.6 432 406 - 24 x 12 600 x 300 610.0 323.9 432 397 - 24 x 10 600 x 250 610.0 273.1 432 384 -


30

Dimensions of Forged Flanges ANSI B 16.5

NominalPipe Size

FlangeDia

Dia ofBolt Circle

Dia ofBolt Holes

No ofHoles

Thk ofFiange

Dia ofHub

(mm) (INCH) AO A D C E

15 1/2 88.9 60.3 15.9 4 11.1 30.2

20 3/4 98.4 69.8 15.9 4 12.7 38.1

25 1 107.9 79.4 15.9 4 14.3 49.2

32 1 1/4 117.5 88.9 15.9 4 15.9 58.7

40 1 1/2 127.0 98.4 15.9 4 17.5 65.1

50 2 152.4 120.6 19.0 4 19.0 77.8

65 21/2 177.8 139.7 19.0 4 22.2 90.5

80 3 190.5 152.4 19.0 4 23.8 107.9

100 4 228.8 190.5 19.0 8 23.8 134.9

125 5 254.0 215.9 22.2 8 23.8 163.5

150 6 279.4 241.3 22.5 8 25.4 192.1

200 8 324.9 298.4 22.2 8 28.6 246.1

250 10 406.4 361.9 25.4 12 30.2 304.8

300 12 482.6 431.8 25.4 12 31.8 365.1

350 14 533.4 476.2 28.6 12 34.9 400.0

400 16 596.9 539.7 28.6 16 36.5 457.2

450 18 635.0 577.8 31.7 16 39.7 457.2

500 20 698.5 635.0 31.7 20 42.9 558.8

600 24 812.8 749.3 34.9 20 47.6 663.6

All Dimensions are in Millimeters ~ Flanges except Lap Joint will be furnished with(l.6mm) Raised Face, which is included in Thickness (C) and Length through Hub(Y).

31


Length through HUb Dia of BoltDia ofR/F

Depth ofSocket

PipeDia

S/O & S/W W/N L/J S/O & S/W L/J Y Y Y B B R F X

15.9 47.6 15.9 22.3 22.9 34.9 9.5 21.33

15.9 52.4 15.9 27.7 28.2 42.9 11.1 26.67

17.5 55.6 17.5 34.5 35.0 50.8 12.7 33.40

20.6 57.1 20.6 43.2 43.7 63.5 14.3 42.16

22.2 61.9 22.2 49.5 50.0 73.0 15.9 48.26

25.4 63.5 25.4 62.0 62.5 92.1 17.5 60.31

28.6 69.8 28.6 74.7 75.4 104.8 19.0 73.02

30.2 69.8 30.2 90.7 91.4 127.0 20.6 88.90

33.3 76.2 33.3 116.1 116.8 157.2 23.8 114.30

36.5 88.9 36.5 143.8 144.5 185.7 23.8 141.30

39.7 88.9 39.7 170.7 171.4 215.9 27.0 168.27

44.4 101.6 44.4 221.5 222.2 269.9 31.7 219.07

49.2 101.6 49.2 276.3 277.4 323.8 33.3 273.05

55.6 114.3 55.6 327.1 328.2 381.0 39.7 323.85

57.1 127.0 79.4 359.1 360.2 412.7 41.3 355.60

63.5 127.0 87.3 410.5 411.2 469.9 44.4 406.40

68.3 139.7 96.8 461.8 462.3 533.4 49.2 457.20

73.0 144.5 103.2 513.1 514.3 584.2 54.0 508.00

82.5 152.4 111.1 615.9 615.9 692.1 63.5 609.60



32


NominalPipe Size

FlangeDia

Dia ofBolt Circle

Dia ofBolt Holes

No ofHoles

Thk ofFiange

Dia ofHub


15 1/2 95.2 66.7 15.9 4 14.3 38.1

20 3/4 117.5 82.5 19.0 4 15.9 47.6

25 1 123.8 88.9 19.0 4 17.5 54.0

32 1 1/4 133.3 98.4 19.0 4 19.0 63.5

40 1 1/2 155.6 114.3 22.2 4 20.6 69.8

50 2 165.1 127.0 19.0 8 22.2 84.1

65 21/2 190.5 149.2 22.2 8 25.4 100.0

80 3 209.5 168.3 22.2 8 28.6 117.5

100 4 254.0 200.0 22.2 8 31.8 146.0

125 5 279.4 234.9 22.2 8 34.9 177.8

150 6 317.5 269.9 22.2 12 36.5 206.4

200 8 381.0 330.2 25.4 12 41.3 260.3

250 10 444.5 387.3 28.6 16 47.6 320.7

300 12 520.7 450.8 31.7 16 50.8 374.6

350 14 584.2 514.3 31.7 20 54.0 425.4

400 16 647.7 571.5 34.9 20 57.2 482.6

450 18 711.2 628.5 34.9 24 60.3 533.4

500 20 774.7 685.8 34.9 24 63.5 587.4

600 24 914.4 812.8l 41.3 24 69.8 701.7


33



Depth ofSocket

PipeDia


22.2 52.4 22.2 22.3 22.9 34.9 9.5 21.33

25.4 57.1 25.4 27.7 28.2 42.9 11.1 26.67

27.0 61.9 27.0 34.5 35.0 50.8 12.7 33.40

27.0 65.1 27.0 43.2 43.7 63.5 14.3 42.16

30.2 68.3 30.2 49.5 50.0 73.0 15.9 48.26

33.3 69.8 33.3 62.0 62.5 92.1 17.5 60.31

38.1 76.2 38.1 74.7 75.4 104.8 19.0 73.02

42.9 79.4 42.9 90.7 91.4 127.0 20.6 88.90

47.6 58.7 47.6 116.1 116.8 157.2 2.8 114.30

50.8 98.4 50.8 143.8 144.5 185.7 – 141.30

52.4 98.4 52.4 170.7 171.4 215.9 – 168.27

61.9 111.1 61.9 221.5 222.2 269.9 – 219.07

66.7 117.5 95.2 276.3 277.4 323.8 – 273.05

73.0 130.2 101.6 327.1 328.2 381.0 – 323.85

76.2 142.9 111.1 359.1 360.2 412.7 – 355.60

82.5 146.0 120.6 410.5 411.2 469.9 – 406.40

88.9 158.7 130.2 461:8 462.3 533.4 – 457.20

95.2 181.9 139.7 513.1 541.3 584.2 – 508.00

106.4 168.3 152.4 615.9 615.9 692.1 – 609.60



34


NominalPipe Size

FlangeDia

Dia ofBolt Circle

Dia ofBolt Holes

No ofHoles

Thk ofFiange

Dia ofHub


15 1/2 95.2 66.7 15.9 4 14.3 38.1

20 3/4 117.5 82.5 19.0 4 15.9 47.6

25 1 123.8 88.9 19.0 4 17.5 54.0

32 1 1/4 133.3 98.4 19.0 4 20.6 63.5

40 1 1/2 155.6 114.3 22.2 4 22.2 69.8

50 2 165.1 127.0 19.0 8 25.4 84.1

65 21/2 190.5 149.2 22.2 8 28.6 100.0

80 3 209.5 168.3 22.2 8 31.8 117.5

100 4 273.0 215.9 25.4 8 38.1 152.4

125 5 330.2 266.7 28.6 8 44.4 188.9

150 6 355.6 292.1 28.6 12 47.6 222.2

200 8 419.1 349.2 31.7 12 55.6 273.0

250 10 508.0 431.8 34.9 16 63.5 342.9

300 12 558.8 488.9 34.9 20 66.7 400.0

350 14 603.2 527.0 38.1 20 69.9 431.8

400 16 685.8 603.2 41.3 20 76.2 495.3

450 18 742.9 654.0 44.4 20 82.6 546.1

500 20 812.8 723.9 44.4 24 88.9 609.9

600 24 939.8 838.2 50.8 24 101.3 717.5

All Dimensions are in Millimeters ~ Flanges except Lap Joint will be furnished with(6.35mm) Raised Face, which is included in Thickness (C) and Length through Hub(Y).

35



Depth ofSocket

PipeDia


22.2 52.4 22.2 22.3 22.8 34.9 9.5 21.33

25.4 57.1 25.4 27.7 28.1 42.9 11.1 26.67

27.0 61.9 26.9 34.5 35.0 50.8 12.7 33.40

28.6 66.7 28.4 43.2 43.6 63.5 14.2 42.16

31.7 69.8 31.7 49.5 50.0 73.0 15.8 48.26

36.5 73.0 36.5 62.0 62.4 92.1 17.4 60.31

41.3 79.4 41.1 74.7 75.4 104.8 19.0 73.02

46.0 82.5 45.9 90.7 91.4 127.0 - 88.90

54.0 101.6 53.8 116.1 116.8 157.2 - 114.30

60.3 114.3 60.4 143.8 144.5 185.7 – 141.30

66.7 117.5 66.5 170.7 171.4 215.9 – 168.27

76.2 133.3 76.2 221.5 222.2 269.9 – 219.07

85.7 152.4 111.2 276.3 277.4 323.8 – 273.05

92.1 155.6 117.3 327.1 328.2 381.0 – 323.85

93.7 165.1 127.0 359.1 360.1 412.7 – 355.60

106.4 177.8 139.7 410.5 411.2 469.9 – 406.40

117.5 184.1 152.4 461.8 462.3 533.4 – 457.20

127.0 190.5 165.1 513.1 514.3 584.2 – 508.00

139.7 203.2 184.1 615.9 615.9 692.1 – 609.60



36


NominalPipe Size

FlangeDia

Dia ofBolt Circle

Dia ofBolt Holes

No ofHoles

Thk ofFiange

Dia ofHub


15 1/2 120.6 82.5 22.2 4 22.2 38.1

20 3/4 130.2 88.9 22.2 4 25.4 44.4

25 1 149.2 101.6 25.4 4 28.6 52.4

32 1 1/4 158.7 111.1 25.4 4 28.6 63.5

40 1 1/2 177.8 12.8 28.6 4 31.8 69.8

50 2 215.9 165.1 25.4 8 38.1 104.8

65 2 1/2 244.5 190.5 28.6 8 41.3 123.8

80 3 241.3 190.5 25.4 8 38.1 127.0

100 4 292.1 234.9 31.7 8 44.4 158.7

125 5 349.2 279.4 35.0 8 50.8 190.5

150 6 381.0 317.5 31.7 12 55.6 234.9

200 8 469.9 393.7 38.1 12 63.5 298.4

250 10 546.1 469.9 38.1 16 69.8 368.3

300 12 609.6 533.4 38.1 20 79.3 419.1


37



Depth ofSocket

PipeDia


31.7 60.3 31.7 22.3 22.8 34.9 9.5 21.33

34.9 69.8 35.0 27.7 28.1 42.9 11.1 26.67

41.3 73.0 41.1 34.5 35.0 50.8 12.7 33.40

41.3 73.0 41.1 43.2 43.6 63.5 14.2 42.16

44.4 82.5 44.4 49.5 50.0 73.0 15.8 48.26

57.1 101.6 57.1 62.0 62.4 92.1 17.4 60.31

63.5 104.8 63.5 74.7 75.4 104.8 19.0 73.02

63.9 101.6 53.8 90.7 91.4 127.0 - 88.90

69.8 114.3 69.8 116.0 116.8 157.2 - 114.30

79.3 127.0 79:2 143.7 144.5 185.7 - 141.30

85.8 139.7 85.8 170.6 171.4 215.9 - 168.27

101.6 162.0 114.3 221.1 222.2 269.9 - 219.07

107.9 184.1 127.0 276.3 277.3 323.8 - 273.05

117.4 200.0 142.7 327.1 328.1 381.0 - 323.85



38


NominalPipe Size

FlangeDia

Dia ofBolt Circle

Dia ofBolt Holes

No ofHoles

Thk ofFiange

Dia ofHub


15 1/2 120.6 82.5 22.2 4 22.2 38.1

20 3/4 130.2 88.9 22.2 4 25.4 44.4

25 1 149.2 101.6 25.4 4 28.6 52.4

32 1 1/4 158.7 111.1 25.4 4 28.6 63.5

40 1 1/2 177.8 123.8 28.6 4 31.8 69.8

50 2 215.9 165.1 25.4 8 38.1 104.8

65 2 1/2 244.5 190.5 28.6 8 41.3 123.8

80 3 266.7 203.2 31.7 8 47.6 133.3

100 4 311.1 241.3 34.9 8 54.0 161.9

125 5 374.6 292.1 41.3 8 73.0 196.8

150 6 393.7 371.5 38.1 12 82.6 228.6

200 8 482.6 393.7 44.4 12 g2,1 292.1

250 10 584.2 482.6 50.8 12 107.9 368.3

300 12 673.1 571.5 54.0 16 123.8 450.8


39



Depth ofSocket

PipeDia


31.7 60.3 31.7 22.3 22.8 34.9 9.5 21.33

34.9 69.8 34.9 27.7 28.1 42.9 11.1 26.67

41.3 73.0 41.3 34.5 35.0 50.8 12.7 33.40

41.3 73.0 41.3 43.2 43.6 63.5 14.2 42.16

44.4 82.5 44.4 49.5 50.0 73.0 15.8 48.26

57.1 101.6 57.1 62.0 62.0 92.1 17.4 60.31

63.5 104.8 63.5 74.7 75.4 104.8 19.0 73.02

73.0 117.5 73.0 90.7 91.4 127.0 - 88.90

90.5 123.0 90.4 116.1 116.8 157.2 - 114.30

104.8 155.6 104.8 143.8 144.5 185.7 - 141.30

119.4 171.4 119.1 170.7 171.4 215.9 - 168.27

142.9 212.7 142.8 221.5 222.2 269.9 - 219.07

158.7 254.0 177.8 276.3 277.3 323.8 - 273.05

181.0 282.5 218.9 327.1 328.1 381.0 - 323.85



40


NominalPipe Size

FlangeDia

Dia ofBolt Circle

Dia ofBolt Holes

No ofHoles

Thk ofFiange

Dia ofHub


15 1/2 133.3 88.9 22.2 4 30.2 42.9

20 3/4 139.7 95.3 22.2 4 31.7 50.8

25 1 158.7 107.9 25.4 4 34.9 57.1

32 1 1/4 184.1 130.2 28.6 4 38.1 73.0

40 1 1/2 203.2 146.0 31.7 4 44.4 79.4

50 2 234.9 171.4 28.6 8 50.9 95.2

65 2 1/2 266.7 96.8 31.7 8 57.1 114.3

80 3 304.8 228.6 34.9 8 66.7 133.3

100 4 355.6 273.0 41.2 8 76.2 165.1

125 5 419.1 323.8 47.6 8 92.1 203.2

150 6 482.6 368.3 54.0 12 107.9 234.9

200 8 552.4 438.1 54.0 12 127.0 304.8

250 10 673.1 539.7 66.7 12 165.1 374.6

300 12 762.0 619.1 73.0 12 184.1 441.3


41



Depth ofSocket

PipeDia


39.7 70.0 39.7 22.3 22.3 34.9 – 21.33

42.9 79.4 42.9 27.7 27.7 42.9 – 26.67

47.7 88.9 47.7 34.5 34.5 50.8 – 33.40

52.4 95.2 52.4 43.2 43.2 63.5 – 42.16

60.3 111.1 60.3 49.5 49.5 73.0 – 48.26

69.8 127.0 69.8 62.4 62.0 92.1 – 60.31

79.4 142.9 79.4 74.7 74.7 104.8 – 73.02

92.1 168.3 92.1 90.7 90.7 127.0 – 88.90

107.9 190.5 107.9 116.1 116.1 157.2 – 114.30

130.0 228.6 130.0 143.8 143.8 185.7 – 141.30

152.4 273.0 152.4 170.7 170.7 215.9 – 169.27

177.8 317.5 177.8 221.5 221.5 269.9 – 129.07

228.6 419.4 228.6 276.3 276.3 323.8 – 273.05

254.0 463.5 254.0 327.1 327.1 381.0 – 323.85



42

Dimensions Tolerances For Forged Steel Flanges

Out

side

W

hen

O.D

. is

24”

or le

ss

+1 1

/16*

* O

utsi

de

12”

and

smal

ler

+3/3

2**-

1/16

**D

iam

eter

(A

) W

hen

O.D

is o

ver

24”

+ 1/

8**

Dia

. of H

ub (

F)

Ove

r 12

” +

1/8*

*

T

hrea

ded

W

ithin

lim

its o

n

Bol

t Circ

le

+ 1/

16*

B

orin

g ga

uge

B

olt h

ole

Spa

cing

+

1/32

*

Insi

de

10”

and

smal

ler

Dril

ling

Ecc

entr

icity

bet

wee

n 2

1/2”

and

sm

alle

rD

iam

eter

(D

)

+

1/32

”, -

0”

bo

lt ci

rcle

dia

met

er

1132

” M

ax.

S

lip o

n an

d La

p Jo

int

12”

and

larg

er

an

d m

achi

ned

faci

ng

3” a

nd la

rger

+

1/16

”-0”

Dia

met

er

1 1/

16 M

ax.

Dia

met

er o

f 1/

16 R

aise

d F

ace

t113

2*

Ove

rall

On

flang

es 1

8” a

nd s

mal

ler

+18”

-1/3

2”*

Con

tact

Hei

ght (

E)

On

flang

es la

rger

thar

i 13”

+3

/15”

-1/1

6”*

Fac

e 1/

4 R

aise

d F

ace,

Ton

gue

and

13

” an

d sm

alle

r 4

1/8”

-0”

(C)

Gro

ove

of m

ale

and

Fem

ale

+1

/64”

T

hick

ness

(E

) O

ver

18”

+ 3/

16”-

0”

Dia

met

er o

f S

ame

as fo

r in

side

dia

met

er

Whe

re a

llow

ance

has

bee

n le

ftC

ount

er b

ore

On

face

for

nis

h: A

ll si

ze

+1/8

”*-1

/16”

43

Dimensions Tolerances For Forged Steel Flanges

Out

side

W

hen

O.D

. is

24”

or le

ss

+1/1

6**

B

olt C

ircle

+1

/16”

Dia

met

er (

A)

Whe

n O

.D is

ove

r 24

” +

1/8*

*

Bol

t hol

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10

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32”

max

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12”

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left

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+ 1/

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on

face

for

Fin

ish,

All

size

+

1/8*

*-1/

16**


44

Dimensions of Forged Screwed & Socket Weld

NOM

BORE

PIPE

O. D.

3000 L.B.S. COMMON

A B C G H K D E

1/8” 10.3 21 22 17 32 16 19 11 10

1/4” 13.7 25 25 19 35 19 25 16 11

3/8” 17.2 29 33 22 38 22 25 17.5 13

1/2” 21.3 33 38 25 48 29 32 22 15

3/4” 26.7 38 46 28 51 35 37 27 16

1” 33.4 44 56 33 60 44 41 35 19

1 1/4” 42.2 51 62 35 67 57 44 44.5 21

1 1/2” 48.3 60 75 43 79 64 44 51 21

2” 60.3 64 84 45 86 76 48 63.5 22

2 1/2” 73.02 83 102 52 92 92 60 76 27

3” 89.0 95 121 64 108 108 65 89 29

4” 114.5 114 152 79 121 140 68 117.5 32

45


FACTORS

F I

6000 L.B.S.

J L A: B C G H K

40 - 6 - 25 25 19 32 22 -

43 3 6 32 29 33 22 35 25 27

48 4 8 38 33 38 25 38 32 27

51 5 8 46 38 46 29 48 38 33

57 6 10 51 44 56 33 51 44 38

64 6 10 60 51 62 35 60 57 43

70 7 14 72 60 75 43 67 64 46

79 8 16 80 64 84 44 79 76 48

88 9 17 94 83 102 52 86 92 51

118 10 21 122 95 121 64 92 108 64

121 10 25 140 106 146 79 108 127 68

150 13 25 180 114 152 79 121 159 75


46


NOM

BORE

PIPE

O. D.

3000 L.B.S. COMMON

A B K J L M N P

1/8” 10.3 22 18.5 26 16 40 17.3 32 17.5

1/4” 13.7 22 22 26 18 43 21.2 32 17.5

3/8” 17.2 25 25 26 19 48 25.4 36 19

1/2” 21.3 27 32 30 21 51 31 43 22

3/4” 26.7 34 38 36 24 57 37 50 25

1” 33.4 37 46 40 25 64 45.2 60 27

1 1/4” 42.2 42 55 40 29 70 55 70 30

1 1/2” 48.3 47 62 40 30 79 61.4 78 32

2” 60.3 56 75 52 37 89 75 95 38

2 1/2” 73.02 60 92 57 48 14 91.3 125 38

3” 89.00 76 110 52 51 127 108.8 140 44

4” 114.50 88 137 58 – 150 136.9 – 48

47


FACTORS

Q C

6000 L.B.S.

D O O A B M K N

10 10.7 10 5 8 22 22 20 25 46

10 14.1 10 5 8 27 25 24 25 51

10 17.6 10 3 9 27 28 2B 26 60

10 21.7 10 6 13 31 34 34 31 72

13 27 13 6 13 37 42 41 35 80

13 33.8 13 9 17 42 50 50 40 94

13 42.6 13 9 17 47 59 58 41 100

13 48.7 13 9 17 53 67 66 43 122

13 61.2 16 16 23 59 84 83 55 –

16 73.8 16 14 24 – 102 – 56 –

16 89.8 16 14 24 – 121 – 58 –

19 115.5 19 14 24 – 152 – 64 –


48

ASTM Specification For Fasteners

ASTM A 193/A 193M Alloy Steel, Carbon Steel & Stainless SteelBolting for High Temperature Service

ASTM C Mn Si S P Cr Ni

GRADE

A 193 B8-B8A 0.08 2.U0 1.00 0.030 0.45 18.00 8.00

AISI Type 304 Max Max Max Max 20.00 10.50

A 19388-BBMA 0.08 2.00 1.00 0.030 0.045 16.00 10.00

AISI Type 316 Max Max Max Max Max 18.00 14.00

A 19388T B8TA 0.08 2.00 1.00 0.030 0.045 17.00 9.00


A 19388C- BBCA 0.08 2.00 1.00 0.030 0.045 17.00 9.00


A 19386-B6X 0.15 1.00 1.00 0.03 0.040 11.50 –

AISI Type 410 Max – Max Max Max 13.50

A 193 B7-87M 0.37 0.65 0.15 0.040 0.035 0.75 –

Alloy Steel (Cr. Mo) 0.49 1.10 0.35 Max Max 1.20 –

A 19385 0.10 1.00 1.00 0.030 0.040 4.0 –

AS-5% Cr. AISI50 1 min Max Max Max Max 6.00

49

ASTM Specification For Fasteners

ASTM A 193/A 193M Alloy Steel, Carbon Steel & Stainless SteelBolting for High Temperature Service

Mo Other Hardness Tensile Yeld Elongation Redu

Psi(MPa) Psi(MPa) in Area %

– – 223HB 75000(515) 30000(205) 30 50

– –

2.00 223HB 75000(515) 30000(205) 30 50

3.00 223HB

– Ti5xC 223HB 75000(515) 30000(205) 30 50

0.70MIn

– CbxPTA= 192HB 75000(515) 30000(205) 30 50

1.10cMin

110000(760) 85000(585) 15 50

0.15 – – 125000(860) 105000(720) 16 50

0.25 – –

0.40 – – 100000(690) 80000(550) 16 50


50

AS

TM

Sp

ecifi

cati

on

Fo

r F

aste

ners

AS

TM

A 1

94/ 1

94 M

Carb

on

Ste

el, A

llo

y S

teel &

Sta

inle

ss S

teel N

uts

,B

olt

ing

fo

r H

igh

Pre

ssu

re &

Hig

h T

em

pera

ture

Serv

ice

A

1948

/8A

0.

08

2.00

1.

00

0.03

0.

045

18.0

0 8.

00

– –

126-

300

Gra

de 8

A

ISI T

ype

304

Max

M

ax

Max

M

ax

Max

20

.00

10.5

0

– 12

6-18

2 G

rade

8 A

A

1948

M/M

A

0.08

2.

00

1.00

0.

03

0.04

5 16

.00

10.0

0 2.

00

– 12

6-30

0 G

rade

8m

A

ISI T

ype

316

Max

M

ax

Max

M

ax

Max

18

.00

14.0

0 3.

00

– 12

6-19

2 G

rade

8 M

A

A

194

/ 8T

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0.

08

2.00

1.

00

0.03

0.

045

17.0

0 9.

00

– Ti

5 x

C

126-

300

Gra

de 8

T

AIS

I Typ

e 32

1 19

.00

12.0

0 –

0.78

Min

126-

192

Gra

de 8

TA

A

194/

8C/8

CA

0.

08

2.00

1.

00

0.03

0.

045

17.0

0 9.

00

– C

bxTa

= 12

6-30

0 G

rade

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A

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I Typ

e 34

7 M

ax

Max

M

ax

Max

M

ax

19.0

0 13

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1.

10 C

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12

6-19

2 G

rade

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A

A

194-

6 0.

15

1.00

1.

00

0.03

0.

040

11.5

0 –

– 1.

10 C

Min

22

8271

HR

C-2

0-28

A

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ype

410

Max

M

ax

Max

M

ax

Max

13

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A

1942

2HM

&2H

0.

4 1

0.4

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010

–

– –

–

159-

352G

R.2

C

arbo

n m

in

Max

M

ax

Max

M

ax

–

– –

–

248-

352G

R.2

H

159-

237G

R.2

HM

A

194-

7/7M

0.

37

0.65

0.

15

0.04

0.

4 0.

75

–

0.15

–

248-

352G

R.7

A

lloy

Ste

el

0.49

1.

1 0.

35

Max

M

ax

1.2

– 0.

25

– 15

9-23

7GR

.7M

A

-194

-30.

10

0.10

1.

00

1.00

0.

030

0.04

0 4.

00

– 0.

4 –

248-

352

A

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5%C

r.Al5

1501

M

ax

Max

M

ax

Max

M

ax

6.00

–

0.65

–

(HR

C-2

4-38

)

51

Square & Rectangular Section Size & Weight Kg/Mtr.

10 swg3.25

Size mm x mm

18 swg1.22

18 swg1.63

14 swg2.03

12 swg2.64

11 swg2.9

8 swg4.08

20 x 20 .730 .938 1.77 1.48 – 1.75 –

25 x 25 .919 1.21 1.49 1.90 2.10 2.28 –

40 x 30 1.11 1.46 1.81 2.31 2.56 2.79 –

40 x 40 1.49 1.97 2.44 3.14 3.47 3.81 4.68

50 x 50 – 2.48 3.08 3.96 4.33 4.82 5.95

60 x 60 – – – – 5.33 5.84 7.22

80 x 80 – – – – 7.18 7.86 9.63

100 x 100 – – – – – – 12.6

20 x 30 .919 1.21 1.49 1.89 – – –

20 x 40 1.110 1.48 1.80 2.30 – 2.28 –

20 x 50 1.30 1.72 2.12 – 3.01 3.29 –

25 x 50 1.76 1.86 2.29 2.94 3.21 3.59 4.43

30 x 40 1.31 1.72 2.13 – – – –

30 x 50 – 1.98 2.44 3.14 3.47 3.81 –

40 x 60 – 2.49 3.07 3.96 4.33 4.83 5.95

40 x 80 – – – – 5.80 5.84 7.22

50 x 100 – – – – – 7.39 9.00

mm x mm 4.47 4.88 5.38 6.35 7.00 8.00 8.53

50 x 50 6:50 7.04 7.71 8.89 – – –

60 x 60 7.90 8.57 9.39 10.80 11.94 13.40 –

80 x 80 10.80 11.70 12.80 14.80 16.32 18.56 –

100 x 100 13.60 14.80 16.20 18.80 20.75 23.50 27.50

120 x 120 15.00 17.80 19.60 22.70 25.09 28.50 33.50

140 x 140 – – 22.88 26.70 29.52 33.38 39.60

150 x 150 – – 24.64 28.84 31.68 35.88 42.48

50 x 100 9.98 10.85 12.00 13.95 15.26 17.20 20.20

80 x 120 13.60 14.80 16.20 18.80 20.71 23.50 27.50

100 x 150 16.40 18.55 20.45 23.90 26.24 29.80 35.05

100 x 160 17.70 19.40 21.30 24.70 27.29 31.00 36.50


52

STAINLESS STEELS - EQUIVALENT GRADES

UNS USA UK BS Sweden Germany France Italy Japan AISI BS EN SS DIN AFNOR UNI JIS

AUSTENITIC STEELS

S30300 303 303 S31 1.4305 2346 X10 CrNiS 18.09 Z8 CNF 18.09 X10 CrNiS 18.09 SUS 303

S30300 304 304 S31 1.4301 2333 X5 CrNi 18.10 Z5 CNF 17.08 XS CrNi 18.10 SUS 304

S30403 304L 304 S11 1.4306 2352 X2 CrNi 19.11 Z2 CN 18.10 X2 CrNi 18.11 SUS 304L

S31006 310S 310 S24 1.485 2361 X12 CrNi 25.20 Z12 CN 25.20 X6 CrNi 25.20 SUS 3105

S31600 316 316 S31 1.4401 2347 X5 CrNiMo 17.12.2 Z6 CND 17.11 X5 CrNiMo 17.12 SUS 316

S31603 316L 376 S71 1.4404 2353 X2 CrNiMo 17.13.2 72 CND 17.12 X2 CrNiMo 17.12 SUS 316L

S31635 316tI 320 S33 1.4571 2350 X10 CrNiMoTi 18.12 Z6 CNDT 17.12 X6 CrNiMo 17.12 –

S31700 317 317 S16 1.4409 2366 X5 CrNiMo 17.13 – X5 CrNiMo 18.15 SUS 317

S31703 317L 317 S12 1.4438 2367 X2 CrNiMo 18.16.4 Z2 CND 19.15.04 X2 CrNiMo 18.16 SUS 317L

S32100 321 321 S31 1.4541 2337 X6 CrNiTi 18.10 Z8 CNT 18.10 X6 CrNiTi 18.11 SUS 321

S34700 347 347 S31 1.4550 2338 X6 CrNiNb 18.10 Z6 CNNb 18.10 X6 CrNiNb 18.11 SUS 347

FERRITIC & MARTENSITIC STEELS

S43000 430 430 S17 1.4016 2320 X6 Cr 17 Z8 C 17 X8 Cr 17 SUS 430

S43100 431 437 S29 1.4067 2321 X20 CrNi 17.2 Z15 CN 16.02 X16 CrNi 16 SUS431

DUPLEX STEELS

S31500 – – 1.4417 2376 – 22 CND 18.05.03 – –

S32304 – – 1.4362 2327 X2 CrNiN 23.4 Z2 CN 23.04 AZ – –

S31803 – – 1.4462 2377 X2 CrNiMoN 22.5.3 Z2 CND 22.05.03 – –

S32750 – – 1.4410 2328 X2 CrNiMoN 25.7.4 – – --

HIGH ALLOY STEELS

N08904 (904L) (904L) 1.4539 2562 X7 NiCrMoCu 25.20.5 Z2 NCDU 25.20 – –

N08028 – – 1.4563 2584 X1 NiCrMoCu 31.27.4 Z1 NCDU 31.27.03 – –

S37254 – – 1.4529 2378 X1 NiCrMoCuN 25.20.7 Z1 NCDU 20.18.06 – –

53

IMPERIAL WIRE AND SHEET METAL GAUGE

No.

Imperial Wire(swg)

Birmingham Wire(swg)

mminch mm inch

No.Imperial Wire

(swg)Birmingham Wire

(swg)

inch mminch mm

7/0 .500 12.70 16 .048 1.22 .049 1.24 8/0 .464 11.76 19 .040 1.02 042 .1.07 5/0 .432 10.97 20 .036 .914 .035 .888 4/0 .400 10.16 .454 11.53 21 .032 .613 032 .813 3/0 .372 9.45 .426 10.79 22 .028 .711 .026 .711 2/0 348 6.84 .380 9.65 23 0.24 .610 .025 .636 0 .324 6.23 .340 8.63 24 .0220 .559 .022 .559 1 .300 7.62 .300 7.62 25 .0200 .506 .020 .508 2 .276 7.01 .284 7.21 26 .0180 .457 .018 .457 3 .252 6.40 .269 6.58 27 .0164 .417 .016 .406 4 .232 5.89 .238 6.05 28 .0148 .376 .014 .356 5 .212 5.38 .220 5.59 29 .0138 .345 .013 .330 6 .192 4.88 .203 5.16 30 .0124 .315 .012 .305 7 .176 4.47 .180 4.57 31 .0116 .295 .010 .254 8 .160 4.06 .165 4.19 32 .0706 .274 .009 .228 9 .144 3.65 .148 3.76 33 .0100 .254 .008 .203 10 .128 325 .134 3.40 34 .0092 .234 .007 .176 11 .116 2.96 ..120 3.04 35 .0084 .213 .005 127 12 .104 2.81 .109 2.77 36 .0076 .193 .004 102 13 .092 2.34 .095 2.41 37 .0066 .173 14 .080 2.03 .083 2.11 38 .0060 .152 15 .072 1.83 .072 1.83 39 .0052 .132 16 .064 1.63 .065 1.65 40 .0048 122 17 1.42 058 1.47

WEIGHT OF STEEL ROUND BARWeight in Kg.

Wt. per ft. Wt. per MSizemm

22.0 .908 2.98 23.0 .994 3.26 24.0 1.08 3.55 25.0 1.17 3.85 26.0 1.27 4.17 27.0 1.37 4.50 28.0 1.47 4.83 30.0 1.69 5.55 32.0 1.92 6.37 33.0 2.05 6.71 35.0 2.30 7.55 36.0 2.44 7.66 38.0 2.71 8.90 39.0 2.86 9.38 40.0 3.01 9.86 42.0 3.32 10.88 45.0 3.80 12.48 48.0 4.33 14.21 50.0 4.70 15.41 52.0 5.08 16.67 55.0 5.69 18.65 56.0 5.89 19.33 58.0 6.32 20.74 60.0 6.77 22.20 62.0 7.22 23.70 64.0 7.70 25.25 65.0 7.94 26.05 68.0 8.69 28.51 70.0 9.321 30.21

Weight in Kg.Wt. per ft. Wt. per M

Sizemm

1.0 .0018 .0062 1.5 .0042 .014 2.0 .0076 .025 2.5 .012 .039 3.0 .017 .055 3.5 .023 .076 4.0 .030 .099 4.5 .038 .125 5.0 .047 .145 6.0 .068 .222 6.5 .079 .260 7.0 .092 .302 7.5 .106 .347 8.0 .120 .395 8.5 .136 .445 9.0 .152 .499 9.5 .169 .556 10.0 .188 .617 11.0 .227 .746 12.0 .271 .888 13.0 .317 1.04 14.0 .369 1.21 15.0 .424 1.39 16.0 .482 1.58 17.0 .543 1.78 18.0 .610 2.00 19.0 .880 2.23 20.0 .753 2.47 21.0 .823 2.72

Weight in Kg.Wt. per ft. Wt. per M

Sizemm

72.0 9.74 31.96 75.0 10.57 34.68 80.0 12.03 39.48 90.0 15.22 49.94 100.0 18.79 61.65 110.0 22.79 74.6 120.0 27.07 88.8 130.0 31.70 104 140.0 36.88 121 150.0 42.37 139 160.0 48.16 158 170.0 54.26 178 180.0 60.96 200 190.0 67.97 223 200.0 75.3 247 220.0 90.8 298 240.0 108 335 250.0 117 385 260.0 127 417 280.0 147 483 300.0 169 555 320.0 192 631 340.0 217 713 350.0 230 755 360.0 244 799 380.0 271 890 400.0 301 986 500.0 469 1540


54

SEAMLESS AND WELDED PIPE & TUBE MANUFACTURE

The purpose of the following pages is to illustrate the major processes involved in the manufacture of Seamless and Welded Pipe and Tubing.

SEAMLESS PIPE AND TUBE

All Seamless Tubular products start life as a solid billet through which a hole must be made. The method of producing the hole is of particular importance and there are two basic methods, piercing and extrusion. PIERCING This process is mainly used on carbon and low alloy steels, although it can, and often is, used on stainless steels.

The billet is heated to piercing temperature and fed into the piercing mill where two conical rolls, rotating in the same direction, engage the billet and start a spinning action. As the billet travels forward between the rolls it meets the piercing mandrel. The metal flows around the mandrel thus forming a somewhat rough heavy wall tube. After the piercing operation is completed the mandrel is withdrawn and the tube is then ready for further processing operations.

EXTRUSION This process only became an economical proposition with the introduction of the Eugine Sojournet process. It allows glass to be used as a lubricant at the pressures and temperatures which exist in an extrusion press. The use of glass as a lubricant, reduces die wear, produces a relatively smooth surface, and prevents absorption of impurities into the surface of the material. Extrusion incorporates the

rapid deformation under uniform pressure and temperature conditions, with negligible loss of material.

As the deformation occurs under essentially compressive conditions, the reduction ratio, or change in cross-section area from billet to final tube, can be exceptionally high for a single operation - far higher than any other working process.

The hot billet is sprayed with glass powder and fed into the container which houses the liner and die. A glass pad is placed on the die to aid lubrication of mandrel during the first sequence of extrusion. The pressure stem, pressure disc and mandrel are advanced into the billet

container. The mandrel is forced through the billet and die orifice. Extrusion proper begins with the pressure stem, and disc forcing the billet against the glass pad and through the annular clearance between the mandrel and the die, thus forming a tube.

The tube is then cut and taken from the press to have the glass coating removed. The resultant tube can be either supplied as a superior hot finished product or can be further processed by cold reducing or cold drawing.

Extrusion Sequence : A Container, B Liner, C Die, D Mandrel, E Pressure Disc, F Pressure Stem, G Heated Billet, H Extruded Tube, J Flying Saw, K Discard.


advantages of

55

56

Welded Pipe & Tube Welded pipe and tube can be manufactured by two methods, either continuously welded or fabricated welded. The criterions for a manufacturer choosing either of the above methods are basically the diameter and the wall thickness. For small diameter light wall tubing the continuous process is used and for large diameter pipe, fabrication is used.

CONTINUOUSLY WELDED A coil of steel is loaded onto the coil holder at the end of the tube mill and the strip is passed into the mill. The strip then passes through an edge trimmer to give the desired width and a good clean edge for welding. The strip passes through the forming rolls, which consist of three types; forming rolls, closing rolls and finish pass rolls. These rolls act on the strip to give a developed open tube ready for welding. After forming the open tube is passed directly into the welding section of the mill, where the tube is held in squeeze rolls and the automatic welding process is carried out, usually metal arc inert gas, MIG. The tube is passed under a linishing belt which removes the weld bead on the outside diameter. After cutting to length the tube is subjected to the proper post-weld treatment required to bring it to specification.

FABRICATED WELDED This method utilizes sheets or plates, of the required thickness and developed width, to manufacture the pipe. The plate is first pressed into shape with a series of blows on a press brake, which is equipped with the appropriate tooling forthe particular size of pipe required to be manufactured. Before pressing, the plate is edge planed to ensure correct width and to provide the appropriate weld preparation. Following the forming operation the pipe is fed through a series of rolls which exert the necessary pressure to ensure correct cross-sectional form during the welding operation which follows. Welding may be performed by various methods: Tungsten Inert Gas (T.I.G.) Metal Arc Inert Gas (M.I.G.) Submerged Arc Plasma Arc The latter is superior due to the fact that little or no filler material is required and a sound metal-to-metal joint is achieved.

After welding, the pipe is annealed and pickled to remove built-in stresses caused during the forming and welding operations, before final testing, marking and inspection.

57

Sc

hem

ati

c D

raw

ing

of

Weld

ed

Pip

e M

an

ufa

ctu

re


58

TESTING PROCEDURES All tests carried out on material or finished products can be split into two major categories: Mechanical Tests and Non-Destructive Tests. The former usually being carried out on Parent Metal and the latter on the finished product.

MECHANICAL TESTS Mechanical Tests are used to determine the strength, ductility, toughness and hardness of steels. 1. Tensile Test A longitudinal specimen of known cross sectional area is taken from the material and gripped at each end, pulled apart until rupture occurs. By recording the load applied and the extension during loading a Stress-Strain Graph can be plotted (see diagram).

A-B Elastic Deformation Range B Elastic Limit C Proof Stress D Ultimate Tensile Stress E Specified Strain

From this graph the following values can be computed. (a) Ultimate Tensile Strength (D) The maximum load applied during the test divided by the original

cross-sectional area of the test-piece (b) Proof Stress (C) This is the load at which the sample is permanently elongated by a

specific percentage of the original length (e.g. 0.2%). (c) Elastic Limit (B) The highest load at which there is no permanent deformation of

the test piece. (d) Yield Point The lowest stress at which the elongation of the test-piece

proceeds without any increase in load.

59

(e) Modulus of Elasticity In the Tensile test, the ratio between Stress and Strain within the

elastic deformation range is known as Young's Modulus. From the ruptured test piece, two other values can be computed.(f) Elongation This is the extension of the test-piece expressed as a percentage

of its original length. (g) Reduction of Area This is the reduction in cross-sectional area of the test-piece after

Tensile fracture expressed as a percentage of the original cross-sectional area.

2. Hardness Tests These tests determine the resistance of material to indentation.(a) Brinell Hardness Test A standard size hardened Steel Ball is indented into the surface of

material by an applied standard load for a duration of 15 seconds. The diameter of the impression is measured accurately by microscope and the hardness valve calculated from the formula :

Load (Kgs) Brinell Hardness Number = ------------------------------------------------ Spherical Area of Impression (mmz) (b) Rockwell Hardness Test This determines Hardness by measuring the depth to which a

Diamond Cone or Hardened Steel Ball, under specific load, penetrates the material. The hardness number is indicated on a scale according to the load applied.

(c) Vickers Diamond Hardness Test This determines Hardness by measuring the impression left in

material by a Diamond Pyramid under a standard load for a specified time. The square impression is measured, accurately, diagonally and its area calculated. The hardness value is calculated from the formula :

Load (Kgs) Vickers Hardness Number = -----------------------------------------------

Area of Impression (mmz)


60

3. Impact Test In this type of test, a sample is subjected to sudden force to

measure its toughness or resistance to shock (a) Charpy Impact Test In this test a specimen is supported at both ends and subjected to

a blow by a Pendulum immediately behind a prepared notch, either ‘U’ or ‘V’ shape in cross section. The energy absorbed in fracturing the specimen is measured by the height to which the pendulum rises after breaking the test piece.

These tests can be carried out at various temperatures and will therefore determine the performance of material at Elevated or Cryogenic temperatures.

4. Specifications governing certain manufactured items may call for further tests, some of which are explained below :

(a) Bend Test This is where ductility and structural soundness are to be proved

and involves bending the sample through 180 and checking for cracking. This may be against or with the original curvature of the material, in the case of the former it is then called a reverse bend test.

(b) Flattening Test This is usually applied to tube and involves flattening a sample of

tube between two parallel faces without showing flaws or cracks. The length of the test-piece and degree to which it is to be flattened is specified. The water usually expressed in terms of the wall thickness of the tube.

(c) Flare or Drift Test This is a form of Ductility Test and applies to tube. The end of the

tube is required to be expanded by a specified increase in diameter without splits or cracks. The included angle of drift is also specified.

61

CORROSION RESISTANCE DATA

The following table gives the theoretical corrosion resistance of stainless steel types AISI 304, 304L, 316 316L, 321 and 347 ; nickel, Monel and Inconel to the most frequently used chemical solutions.

These data sheets are compiled from laboratory tests based on commercially pure chemicals under ideal conditions. The symbols A, B, C, D and E represent approximate corrosion ranges as defined in the table shown.

It must be noted that under actual operating conditions there are often present in the system other chemicals which may either inhibit or accelerate the rate of attack. This information is only intended to serve as a general guide; for more specific details the advice of the basic metal producers should be sought.

A Fully resistant Less than .00035" penetration per month

B Satisfactorily resistant .00035-.0035" penetration per month

C Fairly resistant .0035-.010. penetration per month

D Slightly resistant .010-•035" penetration per month

E Not resistant Over .035" penetration per month

– Insufcient data to warrant rating


62

WEIGHT PER SHEET OF STAINLESS STEEL

in Kg/per sheet in Kg/m

Thickness

in mm

Weigh2

Kg/m

Size in mm

2000 x 1000 2500 x 1250 3000 x 1500

0.18 2.88 – – 1.44 0.20 3.20 – – 1.60 0.22 3.52 – – 1.76 0.24 3.84 – – 1.92 0.27 4.32 – – 2.16 0.28 4.48 – – 2.24 0.32 5.12 – – 2.56 0.38 6.08 – – 3.04 0.44 7.04 11.00 – 3.52 0.50 8.00 12.50 – 4.00 0.56 8.96 14.00 – 4.48 0.63 10.08 15.75 – 5.04 0.75 12.00 18.75 – 6.00 0.88 14.08 22.00 – 7.04 1.00 16.00 25.00 36.00 8.00 1.13 18.08 28.25 40.00 9.04 1.25 20.00 31.25 45.00 10.00 1.38 22.08 34.50 50.00 11.04 1.50 24.00 37.50 54.00 12.00 1.75 28.00 43.75 63.00 14.00 2.00 32.00 50.00 72.00 16.00 2.25 36.00 56.25 81.00 18.00 2.50 40.00 62.50 90.00 20.00 2.75 44.00 68.75 99.00 22.00 3.00 48.00 75.00 108.00 24.00 3.25 52.00 81.25 117.00 26.00 3.50 56.00 87.50 126.00 28.00 3.75 60.00 93.75 135.00 30.00 4.00 64.00 100.00 144.00 32.00 4.25 68.00 106.25 163.00 34.00 4.50 72.00 112.50 182.00 36.00 5.00 80.00 125.00 186.00 40.00 5.50 88.00 137.50 198.00 44.00 6.00 96.00 150.00 216.00 48.00 6.50 104.00 162.50 234.00 52.00 7.00 112.00 175.00 252.00 56.00 7.50 120.00 187.50 270.00 60.00 8.00 128.00 200.00 288.00 64.00

63

Conversion Factors

To convertfrom to

Multiply by

LENGTH in mm 25.4 mm in 0.394 ft mm 304.8 mm ft 0.00328 yd mm 914.4 mm yd 0.00109 mil um 25.4 um mil 0.394

AREA2 2 in mm 645.16

2 2 mm in 0.001552 2 in cm 6.4516

2 2 cm in 0.15502 2 ft m 0.09292 2 m ft 10.764

VOLUME3 3 in mm 16387.1

3 3 mm in 0.0000613 3 in cm 16.387

3 3 cm in 0.061023 3 in 1 (litre) 0.01639

3 3 ft m 0.028323 3 m ft 35.31

3 3 ft 1 (litre) 28.3163 3 gallon 1 (litre) 4.546

MASS lb kg 0.45359 kg lb 2.2046 ton (UK) kg 1016.05 kg ton (UK) 0.00098 tonne kg 1000

To convertfrom to

Multiply by

RELATIVE DENSITY3 3 lb/in kg/m 27679.9

3 3 kg/m lb/m 0.0000363 3 lb/in g/cn 27.68

3 3 g/cm lb/in 0.0361

FORCE lbf N 4.448 N lbf 0.224 ton f kN 9.964 kN ton f 0.1004 kgf N 9.806

STRESS OR PRESSURE

2 2 lbf/in N/mm 0.0068942 2 N/mm lbf/in 145.05

2 ksi N/mm 6.8942 N/mm ksi 0.1452 2 tonf/in N/mm 15.44412 2 N/mm tonf/in 0.0647

2 2 lbf/in kgf/mm 0.0007032 2 kgf/mm lbf/in 1422.472 2 kgf/mm N/mm 9.806

2 bar N/mm 0.12 bar lbf/in 14.504

2NOTE: N/mm = MPa

MASS PER UNIT LENGTH lb/ft kg/m 1.488 kg/m lb/ft 0.672

MASS PER UNIT AREA2 2 lb/ft kg/m 4.882

2 2 kg/m lb/ft 0.2048

ENERGY ft.lbf J 1.35


64

FORMULAE

1) WEIGHT OF STAINLESS STEEL PIPES & TUBES OD (mm) - W.T. (mm) X W.T. (mm) X 0.02466 = Kg. per Mtr. 2) SHEET WIDTH REQUIRED FOR ROLLED AND WELDED PIPES O.D. (mm) - THK (mm) X 3.14 = Sheet Width 3) WEIGHT OF STAINLESS STEEL SHEETS Length (mtr.) x Wdth (mrt.) X Thk (mm) X 8 = Kg Per Sheet 4) WEIGHT OF STAINLESS STEEL CIRCLE & BLANKS O.D. (mm) X 0.D.> (mm) X Thk (mm) /160/1000 = Kg Per Pcs. 5) WEIGHT OF STAINLESS STEEL ROUNDS Dia. (mm) X Dia. (mm) X 0.00623 = Per Mtr. 6) WEIGHT OF STAINLESS STEEL HEXAGONAL RODS Dia. (mm) X Dia. (mm) X 0.00679 = Per Mtr. 7) WEIGHT OF STAINLESS STEEL SQUARE BARS Dia. (mm) X Dia. (mm) X 0.00787 = Kg Per Mtr. 8) WEIGHT OF CARBON STEEL PIPES & TUBES O.D. (mm) - W.T. (mm) X W.T. (mm) X 0.02466 = Kg. Per Mtr. 9) WEIGHT OF CARBON STEEL SHEETS - PLATES Length (mtr.) X Width (mtr.) X Thk (mm) X 7.85 = Kg. Pert Sheet 10) WEIGHT OF COPPER PIPES O.D. (mm) - W.T. (mm) X W.T. (mm) X 0.0256 = Kg. Per Mtr. 11) WEIGHT OF LEAD PIPES (appro.) O.D. (mm) - W.T. (mm) X W.T. (mm) X 0.0345 = Per Mtr. 12) WEIGHT OF LEAD SHEETS (appro.) Length (mtr.) X Width (mtr.) X Thk (mm) X 11.2 = Kg. Per Sheet 13) WEIGHT OF ALLUMINIUM PIPES (appro.) O.D. (mm) - W.T. (mm) X W.T. (mm) X 0.0082 = Kg. Per Mtr. 14) WEIGTH OF ALLUMINIUM SHEETS (appro.) Length (mtr.) X Width (mtr.) X Thk (mm) X 2.66 = Kg Per Sheet

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