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COMPANY INTRODUCTION
14 November 2019
Design of an Autonomous Underwater Maintenance Dredger
Rolph Hijdra, Stefan van der Harst
LNG – 5000 tons lifting capacityOrion – Offshore installation and decommissioning vessel
• Serving ship owners and shipyards worldwide
• 5 offices: • Hoofddorp• Rotterdam• Heerenveen• Nikolayev • Houston
• > 150 in-house engineers employed
COMPANY INTRODUCTION
Independent design and engineering company
CNG-Electric propulsionTexelstroom – Sustainable double ended ferry
Vox Amalia - 19000 m3 Trailing Suction Hopper Dredger
COMPANY INTRODUCTION
C-Jobs vision on Autonomous Shipping
Autonomous Shipping provides an enormous potential in operational and economical benefits.
The full potential will be achieved by fully utilizing the design-opportunities it provides.
CONCEPT DESIGNS
Why concept designs?
CONCEPT DESIGNS
MAKE IT HAPPEN!
BENEFITS
CHALLENGES
BENEFITS ASSESSMENT C-JOB
Benefits assessment Autonomous ShippingAdvantages Dredging Offshore Yachting Ferry1. Increased safety2. Reduced fuel consumption3. Reduction crew costs4. Reduced lightweight5. Fleet management6. “Fancy factor” – “Green image” Disadvantages Dredging Offshore Yachting Ferry1. Engine efficiency2. Investment costs3. Increased energy demand4. Expenses shore-based personnel5. Hijacking6. Risk of system failure
• Relevance for C-Job focus markets?
• Company wide questionnaire
Dredgers!
FIRST BRAINWAVE
New concept: Autonomous Maintenance Dredger
REDUCED OPERATIONAL COSTS
(No crew)
DECREASED DREDGING POWER(Reduced suction depth)
REDUCED PROPULSION POWER(Reduced resistance)
IMPROVED OPERABILITY(Submerged)
COMPARITIVE STUDY
Comparison Conventional versus Autonomous dredger
• Dredging capacity governing!
• Operational profile:• Port of Rotterdam• Eemshaven (port)• 12 hr Operation / day
• Functional decomposition
Autonomous Maintenance Dredger
Carrying platform
Provide buoyancy
Mobility
Propulsion
Balasting
Endurance
Navigate
Position keeping
Survivability
Provide redundancy
General support
Electric power
Hydraulic power
Fuel supplies
Dredging
Pump soil mixture
Store sediment
Discharge
Bottom doors
POWER
Power requirements
• Resistance prediction:• Transit: 11 knots• Dredging: 2 knots
• Propulsion power prediction
Rtotal = RF (1+ k1) + Rapp + Rw + RTR
RF (1+ k1) = Frictional resistance ↗Rapp = Appendage resistance ↔Rw = Wave making / -breaking resistance ↓RTR = Transom immersion resistance ↘
2200 kW (Conventional) 100 kW (AUMD)
POWER
Power requirements
• Resistance prediction:• Transit: 11 knots• Dredging: 2 knots
• Propulsion power prediction
Rtotal = RF (1+ k1) + Rapp + Rw + RTR
RF (1+ k1) = Frictional resistance ↗Rapp = Appendage resistance ↔Rw = Wave making / -breaking resistance ↓RTR = Transom immersion resistance ↘
∆ploss,tot = ∆psu,loss + ∆pdis,loss + pabs,dis - pabs,draghead
∆psu,loss = Frictional loss + suction head, suction side ↓∆pdis,loss = Frictional loss + pressure head, discharge side ↔pabs,dis = Absolute pressure, discharge side ↗pabs,draghead = Absolute pressure, suction side ↔
2200 kW (Conventional) 1000 kW (AUMD)
1350 kW (Conventional) 300 kW (AUMD)
16 MWh battery pack
• Dredge pump power prediction
• E-load balance
DESIGN
Key aspects of the design
Shallow water design
Flat bottom design
Highly manoeuverable
Redundant propulsion
Optimised hopper design
Discharge via bottomdoors
RESULTS
Main particulars
Length [m] 104.6 80.0
Breadth [m] 18.0 20.0
Depth [m] 8.0 8.5
Hopper capacity [m3] 3599 3430
Dredging depth [m] 35 35
Transit speed [kn] 11 11
Propulsion power [kW] 2x 1100 2x 500
Dredging power [kW] 2x 675 2x 150
RESULTS
DECREASED DREDGING POWER (Reduced suction depth)
REDUCED PROPULSION POWER(Reduced resistance)
IMPROVED OPERABILITY(Submerged)
REDUCED OPERATIONAL COSTS
(No crew)
CAPEX / OPEX STUDY
Total cost of ownership
• Feasible design if: Payback period < 10 years
• CAPEX:• High initial investment• Complex submarine hull • 16 MWh Battery package
• OPEX • Electricity main cost driver• Shore-based complement of 4 people
Payback period after 7 years
THE CONCEPTS FUTURE
Future works
Upcoming challenges
Legal aspects
Situational awareness
Decision making
algorithms
Maintenance
Port facilities
Redundancy
Data communi-
cation
Environmental awareness
Launching customer(s)
Rules / Regulations
AUMD ANIMATION
