Community Health Survey Report - · PDF fileHousehold Problem Associated with Alcohol ... in this report, one percentage point equals ... Washington County Community Health Survey

Washington County Community Health Survey Report

2014

Commissioned by: Aurora Health Care

Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin Froedtert & Medical College of Wisconsin

In Partnership with: Center for Urban Population Health

Washington County Public Health Department

Prepared by: JKV Research, LLC

Washington County Community Health Survey Report—2014

Section Title Page Number Purpose ................................................................................................................................................................. 1 Methodology ........................................................................................................................................................ 1 Summary .............................................................................................................................................................. 4 Key Findings ...................................................................................................................................................... 11 Rating Their Own Health ............................................................................................................................ 11 Health Care Coverage ................................................................................................................................. 14 Health Care Needed .................................................................................................................................... 20 Health Information and Services................................................................................................................. 27 Routine Procedures ..................................................................................................................................... 35 Vaccinations ................................................................................................................................................ 43 Prevalence of Select Health Conditions ...................................................................................................... 46 Physical Well Being and Body Weight ....................................................................................................... 62 Nutrition ...................................................................................................................................................... 71 Women’s Health ......................................................................................................................................... 76 Colorectal Cancer Screening ....................................................................................................................... 82 Tobacco Cigarette Use ................................................................................................................................ 87 Exposure to Cigarette Smoke ...................................................................................................................... 92 Other Tobacco Products .............................................................................................................................. 96 Alcohol Use ................................................................................................................................................ 98 Household Problems ................................................................................................................................. 103 Mental Health Status ................................................................................................................................. 106 Personal Safety Issues ............................................................................................................................... 112 Children in Household .............................................................................................................................. 116 County Health Issues ................................................................................................................................. 125 Appendix A: Questionnaire Frequencies ......................................................................................................... 137 Appendix B: Survey Methodology .................................................................................................................. 153 Table Title Page Number Table 1. Weighted Demographic Variables of Community Health Survey Respondents for 2014 ..................... 3 Table 2. Fair or Poor Health by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ............................................... 13 Table 3. Personally No Health Care Coverage by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ................... 16 Table 4. Personally Not Covered by Health Insurance in Past 12 Months by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ........................................................................................................... 18 Table 5. Someone in Household Not Covered by Health Insurance in Past 12 Months by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ........................................................................................................... 19 Table 6. Delayed or Did Not Seek Medical Care Due to Cost in Past 12 Months by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ........................................................................................................... 22 Table 7. Prescription Medications Not Taken Due to Cost in Past 12 Months by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year (Household Member) ........................................................................ 23 Table 8. Unmet Medical Care in Past 12 Months by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ............... 24 Table 9. Unmet Dental Care in Past 12 Months by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ................. 26 Table 10. Source for Health Information by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ....................................................................................................................................... 31 Table 11. Doctor’s or Nurse Practitioner’s Office as Primary Health Care Service by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ......................................................................................................... 33 Table 12. Advance Care Plan by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ............................................. 34 Table 13. Routine Checkup Two Years Ago or Less by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ......... 37 Table 14. Cholesterol Test Four Years Ago or Less by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ........... 39

Table of Contents


Table Title Page Number Table 15. Dental Checkup Less than One Year Ago by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year .......... 41 Table 16. Eye Exam Less than One Year Ago by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ................... 42 Table 17. Flu Vaccination by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year .................................................. 45 Table 18. High Blood Pressure in Past Three Years by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year........... 49 Table 19. High Blood Cholesterol in Past Three Years by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ...... 52 Table 20. Heart Disease/Condition in Past Three Years by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year .... 54 Table 21. Mental Health Condition in Past Three Years by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ........................................................................................................................................ 56 Table 22. Diabetes in Past Three Years by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year .............................. 58 Table 23. Current Asthma by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year .................................................. 60 Table 24. Recommended Moderate Physical Activity by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ....... 64 Table 25. Recommended Vigorous Physical Activity by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ........ 66 Table 26. Recommended Moderate or Vigorous Physical Activity by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year .............................................................................................................................. 68 Table 27. Overweight by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ......................................................... 70 Table 28. Two or More Servings of Fruit on Average Day by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ........................................................................................................................................ 73 Table 29. Three or More Servings of Vegetables on Average Day by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ........................................................................................................................................ 75 Table 30. Pap Smear Within Past Three Years by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year (Respondents 18 to 65 Years Old and With a Cervix) ....................................................................... 79 Table 31. HPV Test Within Past 5 Years by Demographic Variables for 2014 (Respondents 18 to 65 Years Old and With a Cervix) ....................................................................... 80 Table 32. Cervical Cancer Screening in Recommended Time Frame by Demographic Variables for 2014 (Respondents 18 to 65 Years Old and With a Cervix) ....................................................................... 81 Table 33. Blood Stool Test Within Past Year by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year (Respondents 50 and Older) ............................................................................................................... 83 Table 34. Sigmoidoscopy Within Past Five Years by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year (Respondents 50 and Older) ............................................................................................................... 84 Table 35. Colonoscopy Within Past Ten Years by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year (Respondents 50 and Older) ............................................................................................................... 85 Table 36. Colorectal Cancer Screening in Recommended Time Frame by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year (Respondents 50 and Older) ........................................................................... 86 Table 37. Current Tobacco Cigarette Smokers by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ................... 89 Table 38. Smoking Not Allowed in Home by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ......................... 93 Table 39. Nonsmokers Exposed to Second-Hand Smoke in the Past Seven Days by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ............................................................................. 95 Table 40. Other Tobacco Products by Demographic Variables for 2014 .......................................................... 98 Table 41. Binge Drinking in Past Month by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year .......................... 100 Table 42. Driver or Passenger in Vehicle When Driver Perhaps Had Too Much to Drink by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ................................................................................ 102 Table 43. Household Problem Associated with Alcohol by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year .. 104 Table 44. Always/Nearly Always Felt Sad, Blue or Depressed in Past 30 Days by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ....................................................................................................... 108 Table 45. Considered Suicide in the Past Year by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ................. 109 Table 46. Seldom/Never Find Meaning and Purpose in Daily Life by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ............................................................................................................................. 111 Table 47. Afraid for Personal Safety by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ................................ 113 Table 48. At Least One of the Personal Safety Issues by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ...... 115 Table 49. Child’s Personal Doctor/Nurse by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ......................... 119


Table Title Page Number Table 50. Child’s Nutrition and Exercise by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year (Children 5 to 17 Years Old) ............................................................................................................ 122 Table 51. Child Experienced Bullying in Past 12 Months by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year (Children 8 to 17 Years Old).............................................................................. 124 Table 52. Alcohol or Drug Use as a Top County Health Issue by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ...................................................................................................................................... 127 Table 53. Chronic Diseases as a Top County Health Issue by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ...................................................................................................................................... 128 Table 54. Mental Health or Depression as a Top County Health Issue by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ....................................................................................................................... 130 Table 55. Teen Pregnancy as a Top County Health Issue by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ...................................................................................................................................... 131 Table 56. Infectious Diseases as a Top County Health Issue by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ...................................................................................................................................... 133 Table 57. Violence as a Top County Health Issue by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ...................................................................................................................................... 134 Table 58. Infant Mortality as a Top County Health Issue by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year ...................................................................................................................................... 135 Figure Title Page Number Figure 1. Rate Own Health for 2014 .................................................................................................................. 11 Figure 2. Fair or Poor Health ............................................................................................................................. 14 Figure 3. Type of Health Care Coverage for 2014 ............................................................................................. 15 Figure 4. Health Care Coverage ......................................................................................................................... 20 Figure 5. Unmet Health Care in Past 12 Months ............................................................................................... 27 Figure 6. Health Information and Services ........................................................................................................ 35 Figure 7. Routine Procedures ............................................................................................................................. 43 Figure 8. Vaccinations........................................................................................................................................ 46 Figure 9. Health Conditions in Past Three Years for 2014 ................................................................................ 47 Figure 10. Health Conditions in Past Three Years ............................................................................................. 61 Figure 11. Physical Activity/Week for 2014. ..................................................................................................... 67 Figure 12. Physical Well Being and Body Weight ............................................................................................ 71 Figure 13. Fruit and Vegetable Consumption on an Average Day .................................................................... 76 Figure 14. Women's Health Tests ...................................................................................................................... 81 Figure 15. Colorectal Cancer Screenings (Respondents 50 and Older) ............................................................. 87 Figure 16. Current Tobacco Cigarette Smokers (Past 30 Days) ........................................................................ 90 Figure 17. Smoking Cessation in Past 12 Months (Current Smokers) ............................................................... 91 Figure 18. Smoking Policy Inside Home for 2014 ............................................................................................. 92 Figure 19. Exposure to Cigarette Smoke ........................................................................................................... 96 Figure 20. Alcohol Use in Past Month ............................................................................................................. 103 Figure 21. Household Problems in Past Year .................................................................................................. 105 Figure 22. Felt Sad, Blue or Depressed in Past 30 Days for 2014 ................................................................... 106 Figure 23. Mental Health Status ....................................................................................................................... 112 Figure 24. Personal Safety Issues in Past Year ................................................................................................ 116 Figure 25. Child’s Unmet Needs in Past 12 Months ........................................................................................ 120 Figure 26. Child Experienced Bullying in Past Year ....................................................................................... 124 Figure 27. County Health Issues for 2014 ........................................................................................................ 125 Figure 28. County Health Issues ...................................................................................................................... 136

Washington County Community Health Survey Report—2014 1

The purpose of this project is to provide Washington County with information for an assessment of the health status of residents. Primary objectives are to:

1. Gather specific data on behavioral and lifestyle habits of the adult population. Select information will also be collected about the respondent’s household.

2. Gather data on the prevalence of risk factors and disease conditions existing within the adult population.

3. Compare, where appropriate, health data of residents to previous health studies. 4. Compare, where appropriate and available, health data of residents to state and national measurements

along with Healthy People 2020 goals. This report was commissioned by Aurora Health Care, Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin, Columbia-St. Mary Health System, Froedtert Health, and Washington County Public Health Department in partnership with the Center for Urban Population Health. The survey was conducted by JKV Research, LLC. For technical information about survey methodology, contact Janet Kempf Vande Hey, M.S. at (920) 439-1399 or [email protected]. For further information about the survey, contact Joni Whitehouse, Washington County Public Health Department, at (262) 335-4462. Data Collection Respondents were scientifically selected so the survey would be representative of all adults 18 years old and older in the county. The sampling strategy was two-fold. 1) A random-digit-dial landline sample of telephone numbers which included listed and unlisted numbers. The respondent within each household was randomly selected by computer and based on the number of adults in the household (n=300). 2) A cell phone-only sample where the person answering the phone was selected as the respondent (n=100). At least 8 attempts were made to contact a respondent in both samples. Screener questions verifying location were included. Data collection was conducted by Management Decisions Incorporated. A total of 400 telephone interviews were completed between June 9 and July 23, 2014. Weighting of Data For the landline sample, weighting was based on the number of adults in the household and the number of residential phone numbers, excluding fax and computer lines, to take into account the probability of selection. For the cell-phone only sample, it was assumed the respondent, if an adult, was the primary cell phone user. Combined, post-stratification was conducted by sex and age to reflect the 2010 census proportion of these characteristics in the area. Margin of Error With a sample size of 400, we can be 95% sure that the sample percentage reported would not vary by more than ±5 percent from what would have been obtained by interviewing all persons 18 years old and older with telephones in the county. This margin of error provides us with confidence in the data; 95 times out of 100, the true value will likely be somewhere between the lower and upper bound. The margin of error for smaller subgroups will be larger than ±5 percent, since fewer respondents are in that category (e.g., adults 65 years old or older who were asked if they ever received a pneumonia vaccination). In 2013, the Census Bureau estimated 101,827 adult residents in the county. Thus, in this report, one percentage point equals approximately 1,020 adults. So, when 12% of respondents reported their health was fair or poor, this

Purpose

Methodology


roughly equals 12,240 residents ±5,100 individuals. Therefore, from 7,140 to 17,340 residents likely have fair or poor health. Because the margin of error is ±5%, events or health risks that are small will include zero. In 2013, the Census Bureau estimated 51,837 occupied housing units in Washington County. In certain questions of the Community Health Survey, respondents were asked to report information about their household. Using the 2013 household estimate, each percentage point for household-level data represents approximately 520 households. Statistical Significance The use of statistics is to determine whether a true difference between two percentages is likely to exist. If a difference is statistically significant, it is unlikely that the difference between the two percentages is due to chance. Conversely, if a difference is not statistically significant, it is likely there is no real difference. For example, the difference between the percentage of adults reporting they were current tobacco cigarette smokers in 2003 (17%) and the percentage of adults reporting this in 2014 (20%) is not statistically significant and so it is likely not a real difference, it is within the margin of error of the survey. Data Interpretation Data that has been found “statistically significant” and “not statistically significant” are both important for stakeholders to better understand county residents as they work on action plans. Additionally, demographic cross-tabulations provide information on whether or not there are statistically significant differences within the demographic categories (gender, age, education, household income level and marital status). Demographic data cannot be broken down for race and ethnicity because there are too few cases in the sample. Finally, Healthy People 2020 goals as well as Wisconsin and national percentages are included to provide another perspective of the health issues. Throughout the report, some totals may be more or less than 100% due to rounding and response category distribution. Percentages occasionally may differ by one or two percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables or response category distribution. Definitions Certain variables were recoded for better analysis and are listed below. Marital status: Married respondents were classified as those who reported married and those who reported a member of an unmarried couple. All others were classified as not married. Household income: It is difficult to compare household income data throughout the years as the real dollar value changes. Each year, the Census Bureau classifies household income into five equal brackets, rounded to the nearest dollar. It is not possible to exactly match the survey income categories to the Census Bureau brackets since the survey categories are in increments of $10,000 or more; however, it is the best way to track household income. This report looks at the Census Bureau’s bottom 40%, middle 20% and top 40% household income brackets each survey year. In 2003 and 2005, the bottom 40% income bracket included survey categories less than $30,001, the middle 20% income bracket was $30,001 to $50,000 and the top 40% income bracket was at least $50,001. In 2008, 2011 and 2014, the bottom 40% income bracket included survey categories less than $40,001, the middle 20% income bracket was $40,001 to $60,000 and the top 40% income bracket was at least $60,001. The 2008 recommended amount of physical activity by the Centers for Disease Control is moderate activity for at least 30 minutes on five or more days of the week or vigorous activity for at least 20 minutes on three or more days of the week. Moderate physical activity includes walking briskly, bicycling, vacuuming, gardening or anything else that causes small increases in breathing or heart rate. Vigorous physical activity includes running, aerobics, heavy yard work, or anything else that causes large increases in breathing or heart rate. Insufficient


physical activity includes participation in either activity, but not for the duration or the frequency recommended. Inactive respondents reported no moderate or vigorous physical activity in a typical week. Overweight status was calculated using the Center for Disease Control’s Body Mass Index (BMI). Body Mass Index is calculated by using kilograms/meter2. A BMI of 25.0 to 29.9 is considered overweight and 30.0 or more as obese. Throughout the report, the category “overweight” includes both overweight and obese respondents. Current smoker is defined as someone who smoked a tobacco cigarette at least some days in the past 30 days. The definition for binge drinking varies. Currently, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) defines binge drinking as four or more drinks per occasion for females and five or more drinks per occasion for males to account for weight and metabolism differences. Previously, the CDC defined binge drinking as five or more drinks at one time, regardless of gender. In 2003, 2011 and 2014, the Washington County Health Survey defined binge drinking as four or more drinks per occasion for females and five or more drinks per occasion for males to account for weight and metabolism differences. In 2005 and 2008, the definition was five or more drinks, regardless of gender. Demographic Profile The following table includes the weighted demographic breakdown of respondents in the county. Table 1. Weighted Demographic Variables of Community Health Survey Respondents for 2014 Survey Results TOTAL 100% Gender Male 49% Female 51 Age 18 to 34 24% 35 to 44 19 45 to 54 23 55 to 64 17 65 and Older 18 Education High School Graduate or Less 39% Some Post High School 29 College Graduate 32 Household Income Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 25% Middle 20 Percent Bracket 22 Top 40 Percent Bracket 40 Not Sure/No Answer 13 Married 55%

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution.


This research provides valuable behavioral data, lifestyle habits, and the prevalence of risk factors and disease conditions of Washington County residents. The following data are highlights of the comprehensive study.

Overall Health Vaccinations (65 and Older) Washington County 2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 Washington County 2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 Excellent 21% 28% 20% 23% 19% Flu Vaccination (past year) 71% 40% 67% 66% 62% Very Good 39% 36% 43% 44% 43% Pneumonia (ever) 65% 61% 68% 73% 79% Fair or Poor 10% 12% 12% 19% 12% Other Research: (2012) WI U.S. Other Research: (2012) WI U.S. Flu Vaccination (past year) 51% 60% Fair or Poor 14% 17% Pneumonia (ever) 70% 69% Health Care Coverage Health Conditions in Past 3 Years Washington County 2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 Washington County 2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 Not Covered High Blood Pressure 21% 25% 21% 28% 27% Personally (currently) 6% 3% 2% 10% 5% High Blood Cholesterol 16% 21% 19% 21% 23% Personally (past 12 months) 6% 11% 10% Mental Health Condition 11% 8% 18% Household Member (past 12 months) 15% 12% 8% 12% 10% Heart Disease/Condition 8% 7% 10% 8% 6% Diabetes 7% 6% 8% 9% 7% Other Research: (2012) WI U.S. Asthma (Current) 5% 6% 9% 8% 10% Personally Not Covered (currently) 12% 17%

Condition Controlled Through Meds, Did Not Receive Care Needed Exercise, Therapy or Lifestyle Changes Washington County 2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 High Blood Pressure 97% 98% Delayed /Did Not Seek Medical Care High Blood Cholesterol 88% 91% Due to Cost (past 12 months) 15% 16% Mental Health Condition 100% 96% Prescript. Meds Not Taken Due to Heart Disease/Condition 97% 75% Cost (Household) (past 12 months) 14% 7% Asthma (Current) 88% 93% Unmet Care Diabetes 69% 96% Medical Care (past 12 months) 12% 10% Dental Care (past 12 months) 19% 9% Routine Procedures Mental Health Care (past 12 months) 1% 2% Washington County 2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 Routine Checkup (2 yrs. ago or less) 82% 84% 86% 80% 91% Health Information and Services Cholesterol Test (4 years ago or less) 73% 77% 81% 74% 84% Washington County 2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 Dental Checkup (past year) 76% 76% 78% 71% 72% Primary Source of Health Information Eye Exam (past year) 52% 41% 49% 42% 49% Doctor 44% 44% Internet 27% 32% Other Research: WI U.S. Other Health Professional 7% 6% Routine Checkup (≤2 years; 2000) 79% 84% Primary Health Services Cholesterol Test (≤5 years; 2010) 77% 77% Doctor/nurse practitioner’s office 90% 87% 81% 84% Dental Checkup (past year; 2010) 75% 70% Public health clinic/com.health center 5% 6% 10% 4% Urgent care center <1% 1% 1% 4% Physical Health Hospital emergency room <1% 2% <1% 2% Washington County 2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 Hospital outpatient 2% 2% 1% 2% Physical Activity/Week No usual place 1% 2% 6% 3% Moderate Activity (5 times/30 min) 25% 36% 42% 30% 35% Advance Care Plan 32% 43% 43% 38% 43% Vigorous Activity (3 times/20 min) 28% 26% 26% Recommended Moderate or Vigorous 52% 40% 46% Colorectal Cancer Screenings (50 and Older) Overweight 59% 59% 63% 70% 67% Washington County 2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 Fruit Intake (2+ servings/day) 69% 61% 64% 58% 66% Blood Stool Test (within past year) 38% 26% -- 15% 9% Vegetable Intake (3+ servings/day) 29% 23% 28% 22% 29% Sigmoidoscopy (within past 5 years) 15% 10% 9% Colonoscopy (within past 10 years) 64% 69% 72% Other Research: WI U.S. Screening in Recommended Time Frame 69% 74% 74% Overweight (2012) 67% 64% Recommended Mod. or Vig. Activity (2009) 53% 51%

Summary


Women’s Health Alcohol Use in Past Month Washington County 2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 Washington County 2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 Mammogram (50+; within past 2 years) 85% 75% 85% 76% 84% Binge Drinker 19% 21% 29% 33% 39% Bone Density Scan (65 and older) 59% 78% 78% 88% Driver/Passenger When Driver Cervical Cancer Screening Perhaps Had Too Much to Drink 5% 5% 3% 3% 3% Pap Smear (18 – 65; within past 3 yrs) 86% 91% 90% 83% 92% HPV Test (18 – 65; within past 5 yrs) 57% Other Research: (2012) WI U.S. Screening in Recommended Time Frame Binge Drinker 22% 15% (18-29: Pap every 3 yrs; 30 to 64: Pap and HPV every 5 yrs or Pap only every 3 yrs) 95% Household Problems Associated With… Washington County 2005 2008 2011 2014 Other Research: WI U.S. Alcohol 8% 3% 1% 1% Mammogram (50+; within past 2 yrs; 2012) 80% 78% Marijuana 2% 2% Pap Smear (18+; within past 3 years; 2010) 85% 81% Gambling 2% 0% Cocaine, Heroin or Other Street Drugs <1% <1% Tobacco Cigarette Use Misuse of Prescription or OTC Drugs 0% 3% Washington County 2003 2005 2008 2011 2014

Current Smokers (past 30 days) 17% 20% 17% 17% 20% Mental Health Status Of Current Smokers… Washington County 2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 Quit Smoking 1 Day or More in Past Felt Sad, Blue or Depressed Year Because Trying to Quit 51% 51% 62% 62% 50% Always/Nearly Always (past 30 days) 5% 4% 4% 3% 6% Saw a Health Care Professional Past Yr Find Meaning & Purpose in Daily Life And Advised to Quit Smoking 81% 67% 77% 78% Seldom/Never 5% 3% 5% 3% 2% Considered Suicide (past year) 3% 3% 3% 2% 4% Other Research: WI U.S. Current Smokers (2012) 20% 20% Children in Household Tried to Quit (2005) 49% 56% Washington County 2011 2014 Personal Health Doctor/Nurse who Exposure to Smoke Knows Child Well and Familiar with History 84% 99% Washington County 2008 2011 2014 Visited Personal Doctor/Nurse for Smoking Policy at Home Preventive Care (past 12 months) 82% 91% Not allowed anywhere 81% 80% 83% Did Not Receive Care Needed (past 12 months) Allowed in some places/at some times 8% 7% 5% Dental Care 7% 9% Allowed anywhere 2% 2% 2% Medical Care <1% <1% No rules inside home 9% 12% 10% Specialist 0% 2% Nonsmokers Exposed to Second-Hand Current Asthma 6% 4% Smoke In Past Seven Days 28% 16% 9% Children 2 Years Old or Younger Baby Slept in Bed with an Adult 0% 5% Other Research: (WI: 2003; US: 2006-2007) WI U.S. Safe in Community/Neighborhood (seldom/never) 0% 0% Smoking Prohibited at Home 75% 79% Children 5 to 17 Years Old Fruit Intake (2+ servings/day) 71% 73% Other Tobacco Products Vegetable Intake (3+ servings/day) 21% 30% Washington County 2014 Physical Activity (60 min./5 or more days) 63% 80% Smokeless Tobacco 8% Children 8 to 17 Years Old Electronic Cigarettes 5% Unhappy, Sad or Depressed Cigars, Cigarillos or Little Cigars 4% Always/Nearly Always (past 6 months) 3% 2% Experienced Some Form of Bullying (past 12 months) 19% 32% Community Health Issues Verbally Bullied (past 12 months) 18% 30% Washington County 2011 2014 Physically Bullied (past 12 months) 9% 13% Alcohol or Drug Use 64% 80% Cyber Bullied (past 12 months) 6% 0% Chronic Diseases 61% 72% Mental Health or Depression 26% 33% Personal Safety in Past Year Teen Pregnancy 26% 21% Washington County 2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 Infectious Diseases 24% 15% Afraid for Their Safety 4% 8% 4% 4% 7% Violence 14% 9% Pushed, Kicked, Slapped, or Hit 2% 2% 3% 3% 2% Infant Mortality 4% <1% At Least One of the Safety Issues 5% 8% 7% 6% 8%


Overall Health and Health Care Key Findings

In 2014, 62% of respondents reported their health as excellent or very good; 12% reported fair or poor. Respondents 45 to 54 years old, 65 and older, with some post high school education or less, in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket, or inactive respondents were more likely to report fair or poor conditions. From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported their health as fair or poor.

In 2014, 5% of respondents reported they were not currently covered by health care insurance; respondents who were male, 18 to 34 years old, with a high school education or less, in the middle 20 percent household income bracket or unmarried were more likely to report this. Ten percent of respondents reported they personally did not have health care coverage at least part of the time in the past 12 months; respondents who were 18 to 34 years old, 45 to 54 years old, in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket or unmarried were more likely to report this. Ten percent of respondents reported someone in their household was not covered at least part of the time in the past 12 months; respondents who were unmarried were more likely to report this. From 2003 to 2014, the overall percent statistically remained the same for respondents 18 and older as well as for respondents 18 to 64 years old who reported no current personal health care coverage. From 2008 to 2014, the overall percent statistically increased for respondents who reported no personal health care coverage at least part of the time in the past 12 months. From 2003 to 2014, the overall percent statistically decreased for respondents who reported someone in the household was not covered at least part of the time in the past 12 months. In 2014, 16% of respondents reported they delayed or did not seek medical care because of a high deductible, high co-pay or because they did not have coverage for the care in the past 12 months; respondents who were 45 to 54 years old were more likely to report this. Seven percent of respondents reported that someone in their household had not taken their prescribed medication due to prescription costs in the past 12 months. Ten percent of respondents reported there was a time in the last 12 months they did not receive the medical care needed; respondents who were 45 to 54 years old were more likely to report this. Nine percent of respondents reported there was a time in the last 12 months they did not receive the dental care needed; respondents who were female, 35 to 44 years old, in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket or unmarried were more likely to report they did not receive the dental care needed. Two percent of respondents reported there was a time in the last 12 months they did not receive the mental health care needed. From 2011 to 2014, the overall percent remained statistically the same for respondents who reported they delayed or did not seek medical care because of a high deductible, high co-pay or because they did not have coverage for the care in the past 12 months. From 2011 to 2014, the overall percent statistically decreased for respondents who reported that someone in their household had not taken their prescribed medication due to prescription costs in the past 12 months. From 2011 to 2014, the overall percent statistically remained the same for respondents who reported unmet medical care or unmet mental health care in the past 12 months. From 2011 to 2014, the overall percent statistically decreased for respondents who reported unmet dental care in the past 12 months. In 2014, 44% of respondents reported they contact their doctor when they need health information or clarification while 32% reported they go to the Internet. Six percent reported they talk to other health professionals. Respondents who were female, older, with less education, in the middle 20 percent household income bracket or unmarried were more likely to report they contact their doctor. Respondents who were male, younger, with higher education, in the top 40 percent household income bracket or married respondents were more likely to report the Internet as their source for health information. Eighty-four percent of respondents reported their primary place for health services was from a doctor’s or nurse practitioner’s office; respondents who were 45 and older or married were more likely to report this. Forty-three percent of respondents had an advance care plan; respondents 65 and older were more likely to report an advance care plan. From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents reporting the doctor, the Internet or other health professionals as their source for health information or clarification. From 2005 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents reporting their primary place for health services


was from a doctor’s or nurse practitioner’s office. From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents having an advance care plan. In 2014, 91% of respondents reported a routine medical checkup two years ago or less while 84% reported a cholesterol test four years ago or less. Seventy-two percent of respondents reported a visit to the dentist in the past year while 49% reported an eye exam in the past year. Respondents who were female were more likely to report a routine checkup two years ago or less. Respondents 45 to 54 years old, 65 and older or married respondents were more likely to report a cholesterol test four years ago or less. Respondents with a college education, in the top 40 percent household income bracket or married respondents were more likely to report a dental checkup in the past year. Respondents who were female or 65 and older were more likely to report an eye exam in the past year. From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents reporting a routine checkup two years ago or less or a cholesterol test four years ago or less. From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents reporting a dental checkup in the past year or an eye exam in the past year. In 2014, 43% of respondents had a flu vaccination in the past year. Respondents who were 65 and older were more likely to report a flu vaccination. Seventy-nine percent of respondents 65 and older had a pneumonia vaccination in their lifetime. From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents 18 and older who reported a flu vaccination in the past 12 months. From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents 65 and older who reported a flu vaccination. From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents 65 and older who had a pneumonia vaccination. Health Risk Factors Key Findings In 2014, out of six health conditions listed, the two most often mentioned in the past three years were high blood pressure or high blood cholesterol (27% and 23%, respectively). Respondents 65 and older or overweight respondents were more likely to report high blood pressure. Respondents 65 and older, with a high school education or less, in the middle 20 percent household income bracket, who were unmarried, overweight or did an insufficient amount of physical activity were more likely to report high blood cholesterol. Six percent of respondents reported they were treated for, or told they had heart disease. Respondents 65 and older, in the bottom 60 percent household income bracket or inactive respondents were more likely to report heart disease/condition. Eighteen percent reported a mental health condition; respondents who were female, 45 to 54 years old or in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report this. Seven percent reported diabetes; respondents 65 and older, who were overweight or physically inactive were more likely to report diabetes. Ten percent reported current asthma; respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket were more likely to report this. From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents who reported high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol or current asthma. From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported heart disease/condition or diabetes. From 2008 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents who reported a mental health condition. From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents who reported their diabetes was controlled through medication, exercise or lifestyle changes. From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents who reported their heart disease/condition was controlled through medication, exercise or lifestyle changes. From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents reporting the remaining health conditions were under control. In 2014, 6% of respondents reported they always or nearly always felt sad, blue or depressed in the past 30 days; respondents with some post high school education or in the bottom 60 percent household income bracket were more likely to report this. Four percent of respondents felt so overwhelmed they considered suicide in the past year; respondents who were female or in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report this. Two percent of respondents reported they seldom or never find meaning and purpose in daily life. From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who


reported they always or nearly always felt sad, blue or depressed or they considered suicide in the past year. From 2003 to 2014 there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents who reported they seldom or never find meaning and purpose in daily life. Behavioral Risk Factors Key Findings In 2014, 35% of respondents did moderate physical activity five times a week for 30 minutes while 26% did vigorous activity three times a week for 20 minutes. Combined, 46% met the recommended amount of physical activity; respondents who were 18 to 34 years old or with a college education were more likely to report this. Sixty-seven percent of respondents were classified as overweight. Respondents who were male or 45 to 64 years old were more likely to be classified as overweight. From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents who reported moderate physical activity five times a week for at least 30 minutes. From 2008 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported vigorous physical activity three times a week for at least 20 minutes. From 2008 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who met the recommended amount of physical activity. From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents being overweight. In 2014, 66% of respondents reported two or more servings of fruit while 29% reported three or more servings of vegetables on an average day. Respondents who were female, with at least some post high school education, in the top 40 percent household income bracket, married or not overweight were more likely to report at least two servings of fruit. Respondents who were female, with a college education, in the top 40 percent household income bracket, married, inactive or who met the recommended amount of physical activity were more likely to report at least three servings of vegetables on an average day. From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported at least two servings of fruit on an average day or at least three servings of vegetables on an average day. In 2014, 84% of female respondents 50 and older reported a mammogram within the past two years. Eighty-eight percent of female respondents 65 and older had a bone density scan. Ninety-two percent of female respondents 18 to 65 years old reported a pap smear within the past three years. Fifty-seven percent of respondents 18 to 65 years old reported an HPV test within the past five years. Ninety-five percent of respondents reported they received a cervical cancer test in the time frame recommended (18 to 29 years old: pap smear within past three years; 30 to 65 years old: pap smear and HPV test within past five years or pap smear only within past three years). From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents 50 and older who reported having a mammogram within the past two years. From 2005 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents 65 and older who reported a bone density scan. From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents 18 to 65 years old who reported having a pap smear within the past three years. In 2014, 9% of respondents 50 and older reported a blood stool test within the past year. Nine percent of respondents 50 and older reported a sigmoidoscopy within the past five years while 72% reported a colonoscopy within the past ten years. This results in 74% of respondents meeting the current colorectal cancer screening recommendations. From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents who reported a blood stool test within the past year. From 2008 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported a sigmoidoscopy within the past five years or a colonoscopy within the past ten years. From 2008 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported at least one of these tests in the recommended time frame. In 2014, 20% of respondents were current tobacco cigarette smokers; respondents who were 35 to 44 years old, with a high school education or less, in the bottom 60 percent household income bracket or unmarried were more likely to be a smoker. In the past 12 months, 50% of current smokers quit smoking for one day or longer because they were trying to quit. Seventy-eight percent of current smokers who saw a health professional in the past year reported the professional advised them to quit smoking. From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who were current tobacco cigarette smokers. From 2003 to 2014,


there was no statistical change in the overall percent of current smokers who reported they quit smoking for one day or longer in the past 12 months because they were trying to quit. From 2005 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of current smokers who reported their health professional advised them to quit smoking. In 2014, 83% of respondents reported smoking is not allowed anywhere inside the home. Respondents who were in the top 40 percent household income bracket, married, nonsmokers or in households with children were more likely to report smoking is not allowed anywhere inside the home. Nine percent of nonsmoking respondents reported they were exposed to second-hand smoke in the past seven days; respondents 45 to 54 years old, with a high school education or less, or unmarried respondents were more likely to report this. From 2008 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported smoking is not allowed anywhere inside the home. From 2008 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents who reported they were exposed to second-hand smoke in the past seven days. In 2014, 8% of respondents used smokeless tobacco; respondents who were male, 35 to 44 years old, with a high school education or less, or in the middle 20 percent household income bracket were more likely to use smokeless tobacco. Five percent of respondents used electronic cigarettes; respondents who were female or in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to use electronic cigarettes. Four percent of respondents used cigars, cigarillos or little cigars; respondents who were male or in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report this. In 2014, 39% of respondents were binge drinkers in the past month. Respondents who were male, 18 to 34 years old, with a high school education or less or in the middle 20 percent household income bracket were more likely to have binged at least once in the past month. Three percent reported they had been a driver or a passenger when the driver perhaps had too much to drink. From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents who reported binge drinking in the past month. From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported they were a driver or passenger in a vehicle when the driver perhaps had too much to drink in the past month. In 2014, 1% of respondents reported someone in their household experienced a problem, such as legal, social, personal or physical in connection with drinking alcohol in the past year. Three percent of respondents reported someone in their household experienced a problem with the misuse of prescription drugs/over-the-counter drugs. Two percent of respondents reported someone in their household experienced a problem with marijuana. Less than one percent of respondents reported a household problem in connection with cocaine, heroin or other street drugs. Zero percent of respondents reported someone in their household experienced a problem in connection with gambling. From 2005 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents reporting they, or someone in their household, experienced some kind of problem, such as legal, social, personal or physical in connection with drinking alcohol in the past year. From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents reporting a problem with the misuse of prescription drugs/over-the-counter drugs. From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents reporting a problem with gambling. From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents reporting a household problem with marijuana, or with cocaine/heroin/other street drugs in the past year. In 2014, 7% of respondents reported someone made them afraid for their personal safety in the past year; respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket were more likely to report this. Two percent of respondents reported they had been pushed, kicked, slapped or hit in the past year. A total of 8% reported at least one of these two situations. From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents reporting they were afraid for their personal safety or they were pushed, kicked, slapped or hit. From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents reporting at least one of the two personal safety issues.


Children in Household In 2014, a random child was selected for the respondent to talk about the child’s health and behavior. Ninety-nine percent of respondents reported they have one or more persons they think of as their child’s personal doctor or nurse, with 91% reporting their child visited their personal doctor or nurse for preventive care during the past 12 months. Nine percent of respondents reported there was a time in the last 12 months their child did not receive the dental care needed while less than one percent reported their child did not receive the medical care needed. Two percent reported their child was not able to visit a specialist they needed to see. Four percent of respondents reported their child currently had asthma. Zero percent of respondents reported their child was seldom or never safe in their community. Five percent of respondents with a child 2 years old or younger reported their child, as a baby, slept in a bed with a parent. Seventy-three percent of respondents reported their 5 to 17 year old child ate two or more servings of fruit on an average day while 30% reported three or more servings of vegetables. Eighty percent of respondents reported their 5 to 17 year old child was physically active five times a week for 60 minutes. Two percent of respondents reported their 8 to 17 year old child always or nearly always felt unhappy, sad or depressed in the past six months. Thirty-two percent reported their 8 to 17 year old child experienced some form of bullying; 30% reported verbal bullying, 13% physical bullying and 0% reported cyber bullying. From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the percent of respondents reporting their child has a personal doctor or nurse or their child visited their personal doctor for preventive care in the past year. From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents reporting their child needed medical care in the past 12 months, dental care in the past 12 months or their child needed to see a specialist but could not. From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported their child had asthma or their child was seldom/never safe in their community. From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents with a child 2 years old or younger who reported, as a baby, their child slept in a bed with an adult. From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported their 5 to 17 year old child ate two or more servings of fruit on an average day or their child ate three or more servings of vegetables. From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents who reported their 5 to 17 year old child was physically active five times a week for at least 60 minutes. From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported their 8 to 17 year old child always or nearly always felt unhappy, sad or depressed in the past six months. From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in overall percent of respondents who reported their 8 to 17 year old child was bullied. County Health Issues In 2014, respondents were asked to pick the top three health issues in the county out of eight listed. The most often cited were alcohol or drug use (80%), chronic diseases (72%) and mental health/depression (33%). Respondents 35 to 44 years old, in the top 60 percent household income bracket or married respondents were more likely to report alcohol/drug use as a top health issue. Respondents who were 35 to 44 years old, in the top 40 percent household income bracket or married were more likely to report chronic diseases. Respondents 35 to 44 years old were more likely to report mental health/depression. Twenty-one percent of respondents reported teen pregnancy as a top issue; respondents who were female, 18 to 34 years old or with some post high school education or less were more likely to report this. Fifteen percent reported infectious diseases; respondents 35 to 54 years old or with some post high school education were more likely to report infectious diseases. Nine percent reported violence while less than one percent reported infant mortality and 0% reported lead poisoning. Respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report violence as a top health issue. From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents who reported alcohol/drug use, chronic disease or mental health/depression as one of the top health issues in the county. From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents who reported infectious diseases, violence, infant mortality or lead poisoning as one of the top health issues in the county. From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported teen pregnancy as one of the top three health issues in the county.


Rating Their Own Health (Figures 1 & 2; Table 2) KEY FINDINGS: In 2014, 62% of respondents reported their health as excellent or very good; 12% reported

fair or poor. Respondents 45 to 54 years old, 65 and older, with some post high school education or less, in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket, or inactive respondents were more likely to report fair or poor conditions.

From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported their health as fair or poor.

In 2012, 54% of Wisconsin respondents reported their health as excellent or very good while 14% reported fair or poor. Fifty-two percent of U.S. respondents reported their health as excellent or very good while 17% reported fair or poor (2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance). 2014 Findings • Sixty-two percent of respondents said their own health, generally speaking, was either excellent (19%) or

very good (43%). A total of 12% reported their health was fair or poor.

Figure 1. Rate Own Health for 2014

Very Good43%

Poor3%

Fair9%

Good27%

Excellent19%

• Twenty percent of respondents 65 and older and 19% of those 45 to 54 years old reported their health was

fair or poor compared to 4% of respondents 18 to 34 years old.

• Sixteen percent of respondents with a high school education or less and 14% of those with some post high school education reported their health was fair or poor compared to 6% of respondents with a college education.

• Nineteen percent of respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket reported their health

was fair or poor compared to 13% of those in the middle income bracket or 7% of respondents in the top 40 percent income bracket.

Key Findings


• Inactive respondents were more likely to report their health was fair or poor (38%) compared to those who did an insufficient amount of physical activity (11%) or respondents who did the recommended amount of physical activity (8%).

Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, the overall percent statistically remained the same for respondents who reported fair or

poor health. • In 2003, 2008 and 2011, respondents 65 and older were more likely to report fair or poor health. In 2005,

respondents 55 and older were more likely to report fair or poor health. In 2014, respondents 45 to 54 years or 65 and older were more likely to report fair or poor health.

• In 2005, 2008 and 2011, respondents with a high school education or less were more likely to report fair or

poor health. In 2014, respondents with some post high school education or less were more likely to report fair or poor health. In 2003, education was not a significant variable.

• In 2005, 2008, 2011 and 2014, respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket were more

likely to report fair or poor health. In 2003, household income was not a significant variable. • In 2008 and 2011, unmarried respondents were more likely to report fair or poor health. In all other study

years, marital status was not a significant variable.

• In 2005 and 2011, overweight respondents were more likely to report fair or poor health. In all other study years, overweight status was not a significant variable.

• In 2008, 2011 and 2014, inactive respondents were more likely to report fair or poor health. • In 2008 and 2011, smokers were more likely to report fair or poor health. In all other study years, smoking

status was not a significant variable.


Table 2. Fair or Poor Health by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year,

2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 TOTAL 10% 12% 12% 19% 12% Gender Male 8 11 13 22 12 Female 11 12 10 17 12 Age1,2,3,4,5 18 to 34 5 8 6 10 4 35 to 44 6 11 9 21 5 45 to 54 9 5 12 22 19 55 to 64 13 21 14 16 13 65 and Older 23 22 21 30 20 Education2,3,4,5 High School or Less 9 18 22 32 16 Some Post High School 12 11 9 14 14

College Graduate 8 6 5 7 6 Household Income2,3,4,5 Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 12 24 21 30 19 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 13 12 15 15 13 Top 40 Percent Bracket 5 6 5 6 7 Marital Status3,4 Married 10 11 7 13 11 Not Married 8 14 22 29 13 Overweight Status2,4 Not Overweight 10 6 10 12 9 Overweight 9 15 13 23 14 Physical Activity3,4,5 Inactive -- -- 39 42 38 Insufficient -- -- 9 19 11 Recommended -- -- 6 12 8 Smoking Status3,4 Nonsmoker 9 11 9 17 11 Smoker 12 15 21 29 16

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. Physical activity was defined differently in 2003 and 2005. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2003; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2005; 3demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2008; 4demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 5demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2003 to 2014 byear difference at p≤0.05 from 2008 to 2014


• From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported their health as fair or poor.

Health Care Coverage (Figures 3 & 4; Tables 3 – 5) KEY FINDINGS: In 2014, 5% of respondents reported they were not currently covered by health care

insurance; respondents who were male, 18 to 34 years old, with a high school education or less, in the middle 20 percent household income bracket or unmarried were more likely to report this. Ten percent of respondents reported they personally did not have health care coverage at least part of the time in the past 12 months; respondents who were 18 to 34 years old, 45 to 54 years old, in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket or unmarried were more likely to report this. Ten percent of respondents reported someone in their household was not covered at least part of the time in the past 12 months; respondents who were unmarried were more likely to report this.

From 2003 to 2014, the overall percent statistically remained the same for respondents 18 and older as well as for respondents 18 to 64 years old who reported no current personal health care coverage. From 2008 to 2014, the overall percent statistically increased for respondents who reported no personal health care coverage at least part of the time in the past 12 months. From 2003 to 2014, the overall percent statistically decreased for respondents who reported someone in the household was not covered at least part of the time in the past 12 months.

Personally Not Covered Currently The Healthy People 2020 goal for all persons having medical insurance is 100%. (Objective AHS-1.1) In 2012, 12% of Wisconsin respondents 18 and older reported they personally did not have health care coverage. Seventeen percent of U.S. respondents reported this. Fifteen percent of Wisconsin respondents 18 to 64 years old did not have health care coverage while 20% of U.S. respondents 18 to 64 years old reported this (2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance).

10% 12% 12%

19%

12%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2003 2005 2008 2011 2014

Figure 2. Fair or Poor Health


2014 Findings • Five percent of respondents reported they were not currently covered by any health care insurance. Seventy

percent reported private insurance. Seven percent reported Medicaid, including medical assistance, Title 19 or Badger Care, while 18% reported Medicare.

• Male respondents were more likely to report no current personal health care coverage compared to female

respondents (7% and 2%, respectively). • Respondents 18 to 34 years old were more likely to report no current personal health care coverage (11%)

compared to those 35 to 44 years old (1%) or respondents 65 and older (0%).

• Ten percent of respondents with a high school education or less reported no health care coverage compared to 3% of those with a college education or 0% of respondents with some post high school education.

• Respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket were more likely to report no current

personal health care coverage (10%) compared to those in the bottom 40 percent income bracket (3%) or respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket (2%).

• Unmarried respondents were more likely to report no current personal health care coverage compared to

married respondents (11% and 0%, respectively).

o Of the 281 respondents who reported they had private insurance, 91% reported they received private health insurance through an employer, 4% reported directly from an insurance company while another 4% reported an exchange.

Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, the overall percent statistically remained the same for respondents 18 and older as well

as for respondents 18 to 64 years old who reported no current personal health care coverage.

• In 2011 and 2014, male respondents were more likely to report no health care coverage. In 2003, gender was not a significant variable.

Figure 3. Type of Health Care Coverage for 2014

Private Insurance70%

Medicare18%

Medicaid7%

Not Sure<1%None

5%


• In 2011 and 2014, respondents 18 to 34 years old were more likely to report no health insurance. In 2003, age was not a significant variable.

• In 2003 and 2014, respondents with a high school education or less were more likely to report no health care coverage. In 2011, respondents with some post high school education were more likely to report this. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of respondents with some post high school education reporting no health care coverage.

• In 2003 and 2011, respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report no health care coverage. In 2014, respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket were more likely to report no coverage. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket reporting no health care coverage.

• In 2003, 2011 and 2014, unmarried respondents were more likely to report no health care coverage. From 2003

to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of married respondents reporting no health care coverage.

Table 3. Personally No Health Care Coverage by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year 2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 TOTAL All Respondents 6% 3% 2% 10% 5% Respondents 18 to 64 Years Old 6 4 3 12 6 Gender4,5 Male 6 -- -- 15 7 Female 5 -- -- 4 2 Age4,5 18 to 34 7 -- -- 19 11 35 to 44 6 -- -- 13 1 45 to 54 6 -- -- 7 5 55 to 64 9 -- -- 7 4 65 and Older 2 -- -- 0 0 Education1,4,5 High School or Less 10 -- -- 10 10 Some Post High Schoola 5 -- -- 14 0

College Graduate <1 -- -- 4 3 Household Income1,4,5 Bottom 40 Percent Bracketa 13 -- -- 19 3 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 8 -- -- 8 10 Top 40 Percent Bracket 2 -- -- 1 2 Marital Status1,4,5 Marrieda 4 -- -- 3 0 Not Married 10 -- -- 19 11

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. Data is not shown as a result of insufficient statistical reliability due to the low percentage reporting this. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2003; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2005; 3demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2008; 4demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 5demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2003 to 2014


Personally Not Covered in the Past 12 Months 2014 Findings • Ten percent of respondents reported they were not covered by health insurance at least part of the time in

the past 12 months. • Thirteen percent of respondents 45 to 54 years old and 12% of those 18 to 34 years old reported they were

not covered at least part of the year compared to 0% of respondents 65 and older.

• Sixteen percent of respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket reported they were not covered at least part of the year compared to 10% of those in the middle 20 percent income bracket or 4% of respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket.

• Unmarried respondents were more likely to report they were not covered compared to married respondents

(19% and 1%, respectively). Year Comparisons • From 2008 to 2014, the overall percent statistically increased for respondents who reported no personal

health care coverage at least part of the time in the past 12 months.

• In 2011, male respondents were more likely to report no coverage. In 2008 and 2014, gender was not a significant variable. From 2008 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of male respondents reporting no coverage.

• In 2008 and 2011, respondents 18 to 34 years old were more likely to report no coverage. In 2014,

respondents 18 to 34 years old or 45 to 54 years old were more likely to report no coverage. From 2008 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents 45 to 64 years old reporting no coverage.

• In 2008, respondents with a high school education or less were more likely to report no coverage. In 2011

and 2014, education was not a significant variable. • In 2008, respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket were more likely to report no

coverage. In 2011 and 2014, respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report no coverage.

• In all study years, unmarried respondents were more likely to report no coverage.


Table 4. Personally Not Covered by Health Insurance in Past 12 Months by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year

2008 2011 2014 TOTALa 6% 11% 10% Gender2 Malea 5 15 12 Female 7 7 8 Age1,2,3 18 to 34 15 23 12 35 to 44 6 16 9 45 to 54a 3 7 13 55 to 64a 0 7 9 65 and Older 0 0 0 Education1 High School or Less 11 13 13 Some Post High School 5 14 9

College Graduate 3 5 6 Household Income1,2,3 Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 8 22 16 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 17 9 10 Top 40 Percent Bracket 4 1 4 Marital Status1,2,3 Married 3 4 1 Not Married 14 23 19

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2008; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011 3demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2008 to 2014 Someone in Household Not Covered in the Past 12 Months 2014 Findings • Ten percent of all respondents indicated someone in their household was not covered by insurance at least

part of the time in the past 12 months.

• Unmarried respondents were more likely to report someone in their household was not covered in the past 12 months compared to married respondents (19% and 2%, respectively).


Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, the overall percent statistically decreased for respondents who reported someone in

their household was not covered at least part of the time in the past 12 months. • In 2003 and 2008, respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket were more likely to

report someone in their household was not covered in the past 12 months. In 2011, respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report someone in their household was not covered in the past 12 months. In 2005 and 2014, household income was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket reporting someone in their household was not covered in the past 12 months.

• In 2003, 2008, 2011 and 2014, unmarried respondents were more likely to report someone in their

household was not covered in the past 12 months. In 2005, marital status was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of married respondents reporting someone in their household was not covered in the past 12 months.

Table 5. Someone in Household Not Covered by Health Insurance in Past 12 Months by Demographic

Variables for Each Survey Year 2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 TOTALa 15% 12% 8% 12% 10% Household Income1,3,4 Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 19 15 11 24 11 Middle 20 Percent Bracketa 24 15 20 9 10 Top 40 Percent Bracket 8 7 5 3 5 Marital Status1,3,4,5 Marrieda 11 11 4 6 2 Not Married 25 14 17 23 19

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2003; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2005; 3demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2008; 4demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 5demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2003 to 2014


Health Care Coverage Overall Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, the overall percent statistically remained the same for respondents 18 and older as well

as for respondents 18 to 64 years old who reported no current personal health care coverage. From 2008 to 2014, the overall percent statistically increased for respondents who reported no personal health care coverage at least part of the time in the past 12 months. From 2003 to 2014, the overall percent statistically decreased for respondents who reported someone in the household was not covered at least part of the time in the past 12 months.

Health Care Needed (Figure 5; Tables 6 - 9) KEY FINDINGS: In 2014, 16% of respondents reported they delayed or did not seek medical care because of

a high deductible, high co-pay or because they did not have coverage for the care in the past 12 months; respondents who were 45 to 54 years old were more likely to report this. Seven percent of respondents reported that someone in their household had not taken their prescribed medication due to prescription costs in the past 12 months. Ten percent of respondents reported there was a time in the last 12 months they did not receive the medical care needed; respondents who were 45 to 54 years old were more likely to report this. Nine percent of respondents reported there was a time in the last 12 months they did not receive the dental care needed; respondents who were female, 35 to 44 years old, in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket or unmarried were more likely to report they did not receive the dental care needed. Two percent of respondents reported there was a time in the last 12 months they did not receive the mental health care needed.

From 2011 to 2014, the overall percent remained statistically the same for respondents who reported they delayed or did not seek medical care because of a high deductible, high

Figure 4. Health Care Coverage

10%15%

12%8%

12%

5%10%

2%3%6% 6%3%4% 6%

11%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

2003 2005 2008 2011 2014

Someone in HH notcovered in past 12months

Personally not currentlycovered (18 and older)

Personally not currentlycovered (18 to 64 yearsold)

Personally not covered inpast 12 months (18 andolder)


co-pay or because they did not have coverage for the care in the past 12 months. From 2011 to 2014, the overall percent statistically decreased for respondents who reported that someone in their household had not taken their prescribed medication due to prescription costs in the past 12 months. From 2011 to 2014, the overall percent statistically remained the same for respondents who reported unmet medical care or unmet mental health care in the past 12 months. From 2011 to 2014, the overall percent statistically decreased for respondents who reported unmet dental care in the past 12 months.

Financial Burden of Medical Care 2014 Findings • Sixteen percent of respondents reported in the past 12 months they delayed or did not seek medical care

because of a high deductible, high co-pay or because they did not have coverage for the medical care. • Respondents 45 to 54 years old were more likely to report they delayed or did not seek medical care

because of a high deductible, high co-pay or because they did not have coverage for the medical care (21%) compared to respondents 65 and older (3%).

Year Comparisons • From 2011 to 2014, the overall percent statistically remained the same for respondents who reported they

delayed or did not seek medical care because of a high deductible, high co-pay or because they did not have coverage for the medical care.

• In 2011, female respondents were more likely to report they delayed or did not seek medical care because of a high deductible, high co-pay or because they did not have coverage for the medical care. In 2014, gender was not a significant variable.

• In 2014, respondents 45 to 54 years old were more likely to report they delayed or did not seek medical

care because of a high deductible, high co-pay or because they did not have coverage for the medical care. In 2011, age was not a significant variable.

• In 2011, respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report they

delayed or did not seek medical care because of a high deductible, high co-pay or because they did not have coverage for the medical care. In 2014, household income was not a significant variable. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket reporting this financial burden.

• In 2011, unmarried respondents were more likely report they delayed or did not seek medical care because of a high deductible, high co-pay or because they did not have coverage for the medical care. In 2014, marital status was not a significant variable. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of married respondents reporting they delayed or did not seek medical care due to cost.


Table 6. Delayed or Did Not Seek Medical Care Due to Cost in Past 12 Months by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year

2011 2014 TOTAL 15% 16% Gender1 Male 9 12 Female 21 19 Age2 18 to 34 14 18 35 to 44 23 16 45 to 54 14 21 55 to 64 19 16 65 and Older 7 3 Education High School or Less 16 16 Some Post High School 17 14

College Graduate 10 17 Household Income1 Bottom 40 Percent Bracketa 24 13 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 14 19 Top 40 Percent Bracket 9 16 Marital Status1 Marrieda 12 19 Not Married 19 12

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014

ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2011 to 2014 Financial Burden of Prescription Medications The Healthy People 2020 goal for a family member unable to obtain or having to delay needed prescription medicines in the past 12 months is 3%. (Objective AHS-6.4) 2014 Findings • Seven percent of respondents reported in the past 12 months someone in their household had not taken their

prescribed medication due to prescription costs. • There were no statistically significant differences between demographic variables and responses of

someone in their household not taking their prescribed medication due to prescription costs.

Year Comparisons • From 2011 to 2014, the overall percent statistically decreased for respondents who reported in the past 12

months someone in their household had not taken their prescribed medication due to prescription costs.


• Household income was not a significant variable in any study year. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket reporting in the past 12 months someone in their household had not taken their prescribed medication due to prescription costs.

• Marital status was not a significant variable in any study year. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted

decrease in the percent of married respondents reporting in the past 12 months someone in their household had not taken their prescribed medication due to prescription costs.

Table 7. Prescription Medications Not Taken Due to Cost in Past 12 Months by Demographic Variables for

Each Survey Year (Household Member) 2011 2014 TOTALa 14% 7% Household Income Bottom 40 Percent Bracketa 19 9 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 14 6 Top 40 Percent Bracket 11 5 Marital Status Marrieda 14 6 Not Married 12 7

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2011 to 2014 Unmet Medical Care The Healthy People 2020 goal for a family member unable to obtain or having to delay medical care, tests or treatments they or a doctor believed necessary in the past 12 months is 4%. (Objective AHS-6.2) 2014 Findings • Ten percent of respondents reported there was a time in the last 12 months they did not receive the medical

care needed. • Twenty-one percent of respondents 45 to 54 years old reported they did not receive the medical care needed

compared to 3% of those 35 to 44 years old or 1% of respondents 65 and older.

o Of the 38 respondents who reported an unmet medical care need, 36% reported the inability to pay was the reason while 30% reported poor medical care. Twenty-six percent reported insurance did not cover it and 20% reported their co-payments were too high.

Year Comparisons • From 2011 to 2014, the overall percent statistically remained the same for respondents who reported there

was a time in the last 12 months they did not receive the medical care needed.

• In 2011, respondents 35 to 44 years old were more likely to report there was a time in the last 12 months they did not receive the medical care needed. In 2014, respondents 45 to 54 years old were more likely to


report there was a time in the last 12 months they did not receive the medical care needed, with a noted increase since 2011. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of respondents 35 to 44 years old reporting they did not receive medical care needed.

• In 2011, respondents with some post high school education or less were more likely to report there was a

time in the last 12 months they did not receive the medical care needed. In 2014, education was not a significant variable.

• In 2011, respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report there was a time in the last 12 months they did not receive the medical care needed. In 2014, household income was not a significant variable. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket reporting they did not receive the medical care needed.

Table 8. Unmet Medical Care in Past 12 Months by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year 2011 2014 TOTAL 12% 10% Gender Male 10 8 Female 13 11 Age1,2 18 to 34 13 10 35 to 44a 23 3 45 to 54a 9 21 55 to 64 13 10 65 and Older 1 1 Education1 High School or Less 15 10 Some Post High School 14 12

College Graduate 4 6 Household Income1 Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 20 10 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 15 13 Top 40 Percent Bracketa 2 8 Marital Status Married 10 8 Not Married 14 11

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2011 to 2014


Unmet Dental Care The Healthy People 2020 goal for a family member unable to obtain or having to delay dental care, tests or treatments they or a doctor believed necessary in the past 12 months is 5%. (Objective AHS-6.3) 2014 Findings • Nine percent of respondents reported there was a time in the last 12 months they did not receive the dental

care needed.

• Female respondents were more likely to report they did not receive the dental care needed compared to male respondents (11% and 5%, respectively).

• Seventeen percent of respondents 35 to 44 years old reported they did not receive the dental care needed compared to 4% of those 65 and older or 3% of respondents 55 to 64 years old.

• Respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report they did not

receive the dental care needed (17%) compared to those in the top 40 percent income bracket (7%) or respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket (5%).

. • Unmarried respondents were more likely to report they did not receive the dental care needed compared to

married respondents (13% and 5%, respectively).

o Of the 34 respondents who reported not receiving dental care needed, 51% reported being uninsured as the reason while 32% reported they cannot afford to pay, and 20% reported insurance did not cover it.

Year Comparisons • From 2011 to 2014, the overall percent statistically decreased for respondents who reported there was a

time in the last 12 months they did not receive the dental care needed.

• In 2014, female respondents were more likely to report there was a time in the last 12 months they did not receive the dental care needed. In 2011, gender was not a significant variable. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted decrease across gender reporting they did not receive the dental care needed.

• In 2011, respondents 35 to 44 years old or 55 to 64 years old were more likely to report there was a time in the last 12 months they did not receive the dental care needed. In 2014, respondents 35 to 44 years old were more likely to report this. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of respondents 55 to 64 years old reporting they did not receive the dental care needed.

• In 2011, respondents with some post high school education were more likely to report there was a time in

the last 12 months they did not receive the dental care needed. In 2014, education was not a significant variable. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of respondents with some post high school education or less reporting they did not receive the dental care needed.

• In both study years, respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report there was a time in the last 12 months they did not receive the dental care needed. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket reporting they did not receive the dental care needed.


• In both study years, unmarried respondents were more likely to report there was a time in the last 12 months they did not receive the dental care needed. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of respondents across marital status reporting they did not receive the dental care needed.

Table 9. Unmet Dental Care in Past 12 Months by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year 2011 2014 TOTALa 19% 9% Gender2 Malea 15 5 Femalea 22 11 Age1,2 18 to 34 13 6 35 to 44 27 17 45 to 54 17 9 55 to 64a 28 3 65 and Older 10 4 Education1 High School or Lessa 20 8 Some Post High Schoola 24 10

College Graduate 11 8 Household Income1,2 Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 27 17 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 11 5 Top 40 Percent Bracketa 14 7 Marital Status1,2 Marrieda 14 5 Not Marrieda 26 13

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2011 to 2014

Unmet Mental Health Care 2014 Findings • Two percent of respondents reported there was a time in the last 12 months they did not receive the mental

health care needed.

• No demographic comparisons were conducted as a result of the small number of respondents reporting an unmet mental health care need.

Year Comparisons • From 2011 to 2014, the overall percent statistically remained the same for respondents who reported there

was a time in the last 12 months they did not receive the mental health care needed.


• No demographic comparisons were conducted between years as a result of the small number of respondents reporting an unmet mental health care need in both study years.

Health Care Needed Overall Year Comparisons • From 2011 to 2014, the overall percent remained statistically the same for respondents who reported they

delayed or did not seek medical care because of a high deductible, high co-pay or because they did not have coverage for the care in the past 12 months. From 2011 to 2014, the overall percent statistically decreased for respondents who reported that someone in their household had not taken their prescribed medication due to prescription costs in the past 12 months. From 2011 to 2014, the overall percent statistically remained the same for respondents who reported unmet medical care or unmet mental health care in the past 12 months. From 2011 to 2014, the overall percent statistically decreased for respondents who reported unmet dental care in the past 12 months.

Health Information and Services (Figure 6; Tables 10 - 12) KEY FINDINGS: In 2014, 44% of respondents reported they contact their doctor when they need health

information or clarification while 32% reported they go to the Internet. Six percent reported they talk to other health professionals. Respondents who were female, older, with less education, in the middle 20 percent household income bracket or unmarried were more likely to report they contact their doctor. Respondents who were male, younger, with higher education, in the top 40 percent household income bracket or married respondents were more likely to report the Internet as their source for health information. Eighty-four percent of respondents reported their primary place for health services was from a doctor’s or nurse practitioner’s office; respondents who were 45 and older or married were more likely to

Figure 5. Unmet Health Care in Past 12 Months

9%7%

14%15%

16%

12%10%

19%

1% 2%0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

2011 2014

Someone in HH Not Taken PrescribedMedication Due to Cost Delayed or Did not Seek Medical CareDue to CostUnmet Medical Care

Unmet Dental Care

Unmet Mental Health Care


report this. Forty-three percent of respondents had an advance care plan; respondents 65 and older were more likely to report an advance care plan.

From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents reporting the doctor, the Internet or other health professionals as their source for health information or clarification. From 2005 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents reporting their primary place for health services was from a doctor’s or nurse practitioner’s office. From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents having an advance care plan.

Source for Health Information 2014 Findings • Forty-four percent of respondents reported they contact a doctor when looking for health information or

clarification while 32% reported they look on the Internet. Six percent reported they talk to other health professionals. Five percent reported they were, or a family member was, in the healthcare field.

Doctor as Source for Health Information 2014 Findings • Forty-four percent of respondents reported they contact their doctor when looking for health information or

clarification.

• Female respondents were more likely to report they contact their doctor when looking for health information or clarification compared to male respondents (50% and 37%, respectively).

• Fifty-six percent of respondents 65 and older and 55% of those 55 to 64 years older were more likely to

report doctor as their source of health information/clarification compared to 21% of respondents 35 to 44 years old.

• Respondents with a high school education or less were more likely to report their doctor (56%) compared

to those with a college education (38%) or respondents with some post high school education (34%). • Respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket were more likely to report their doctor

(56%) compared to those in the bottom 40 percent income bracket (51%) or respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket (33%).

• Unmarried respondents were more likely to report doctor as their source for health information compared to

married respondents (51% and 38%, respectively). Year Comparisons • From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents reporting a doctor,

as their source for health information or clarification.

• In 2011 and 2014, female respondents were more likely to report doctor as a source for health information/clarification.


• In 2011, respondents 35 to 44 years old were more likely to report the doctor as a source of health information/clarification. In 2014, respondents 55 and older were more likely to report this. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents 18 to 34 years old and a noted decrease in the percent of respondents 35 to 44 years old reporting doctor.

• In 2014, respondents with a high school education or less were more likely to report doctor as a source of

health information/clarification. In 2011, education was not a significant variable.

• In 2014, respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket were more likely to report doctor as a source of health information/clarification. In 2011, household income was not a significant variable.

• In 2014, unmarried respondents were more likely to report going to the doctor as a source of health

information/clarification, with a noted increase since 2011. In 2011, marital status was not a significant variable. Internet as Source for Health Information

2014 Findings • Thirty-two percent of respondents reported they look on the Internet when looking for health information

or clarification.

• Male respondents were more likely to report the Internet when looking for health information or clarification compared to female respondents (39% and 26%, respectively).

• Respondents 35 to 44 years old were more likely to report the Internet as their source for health information

(63%) compared to those 55 to 64 years old (17%) or respondents 65 and older (10%). • Forty-three percent of respondents with some post high school education and 40% of those with a college

education reported the Internet for health information/clarification compared to 17% of respondents with a high school education or less.

• Respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report the Internet as their

source of information (43%) compared to those in the middle 20 percent income bracket (22%) or respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket (21%).

• Married respondents were more likely to report the Internet as a source for health information or

clarification compared to unmarried respondents (40% and 22%, respectively). Year Comparisons • From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents reporting the

Internet as their source for health information or clarification.

• In 2014, male respondents were more likely to report the Internet, with a noted increase since 2011. In 2011, gender was not a significant variable.

• In 2011, respondents 18 to 34 years old were more likely to report the Internet as their source of health

information/clarification. In 2014, respondents 35 to 44 years old were more likely to report the Internet, with a noted increase since 2011.


• In 2011 and 2014, respondents with at least some post high school education were more likely to report the Internet as a source of health information/clarification. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents with some post high school education reporting the Internet.

• In 2014, respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report the Internet

as a source of health information/clarification. In 2011, household income was not a significant variable. • In 2014, married respondents were more likely to report going to the Internet for clarification, with a noted

increase since 2011. In 2011, marital status was not a significant variable.

Other Health Professional as Source for Health Information

2014 Findings • Six percent reported they talk to other health professionals when looking for health information or

clarification.

• There were no statistically significant differences between demographic variables and responses of talking to other health professionals for health information/clarification.

Year Comparisons • From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents reporting they

talked to other health professionals for health information or clarification. • Age was not a significant variable in either study year. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in

the percent of respondents 18 to 34 years old reporting they talked to other health professionals for health information/clarification.


Source for Health Information Overall • From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents reporting their

source for health information was their doctor, the Internet or other health professionals. Table 10. Source for Health Information by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year

Doctor

Internet Other Health Professional

2011 2014 2011 2014 2011 2014 TOTAL 44% 44% 27% 32% 7% 6% Gender Male 371 372 24a 392,a 9 4 Female 501 502 30 262 4 7 Age 18 to 34 281,a 492,a 461 352 11a 2a 35 to 44 531,a 212,a 241,a 632,a 4 7 45 to 54 441 372 321 322 7 7 55 to 64 501 552 181 172 2 5 65 and Older 491 562 61 102 7 10 Education High School or Less 49 562 201 172 7 8 Some Post High School 40 342 301,a 432,a 7 5

College Graduate 40 382 321 402 7 3 Household Income Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 45 512 22 212 8 7 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 44 562 35 222 2 8 Top 40 Percent Bracket 43 332 33 432 4 5 Marital Status Married 46 382 28a 402,a 6 5 Not Married 40a 512,a 25 222 8 6

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2011 to 2014 Primary Health Care Services 2014 Findings • Eighty-four percent of respondents reported they go to a doctor’s or nurse practitioner’s office when they

are sick. Four percent each reported public health clinic/community center or urgent care center. While 3% reported no usual place.

• Eighty-nine percent of respondents 65 and older and 88% of respondents 45 to 64 years old reported a

doctor’s or nurse practitioner’s office compared to 73% of respondents 18 to 34 years old.


• Married respondents were more likely to report a doctor’s or nurse practitioner’s office compared to unmarried respondents (91% and 75%, respectively).

Year Comparisons • From 2005 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents reporting their

primary place for health services was from a doctor’s or nurse practitioner’s office. • In 2008 and 2011, female respondents were more likely to report a doctor’s or nurse practitioner’s office. In

all other study years, gender was not a significant variable. • In 2014, respondents 45 and older were more likely to report a doctor’s or nurse practitioner’s office. In all

other study years, age was not a significant variable. From 2005 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of respondents 18 to 34 years old reporting a doctor’s or nurse practitioner’s office.

• In 2008, respondents with at least some post high school education were more likely to report a doctor’s or

nurse practitioner’s office. In all other study years, education was not a significant variable. From 2005 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of respondents with a college education reporting a doctor’s or nurse practitioner’s office.

• In 2011, respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket were more likely to report a

doctor’s or nurse practitioner’s office. In all other study years, household income was not a significant variable. From 2005 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket reporting a doctor’s or nurse practitioner’s office.

• In 2005, 2008 and 2014, married respondents were more likely to report a doctor’s or nurse practitioner’s office. In 2011, marital status was not a significant variable. From 2005 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of unmarried respondents reporting a doctor’s or nurse practitioner’s office.


Table 11. Doctor’s or Nurse Practitioner’s Office as Primary Health Care Service by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year

2005 2008 2011 2014 TOTALa 90% 87% 81% 84% Gender2,3 Male 88 80 74 81 Female 91 93 88 86 Age4 18 to 34a 87 87 77 73 35 to 44 92 87 82 84 45 to 54 87 82 78 88 55 to 64 96 92 84 88 65 and Older 86 87 87 89 Education2 High School or Less 85 80 84 84 Some Post High School 91 88 79 83

College Graduatea 93 90 80 84 Household Income3 Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 86 81 76 78 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 90 94 92 84 Top 40 Percent Bracketa 94 87 88 89 Marital Status1,2,4 Married 92 89 84 91 Not Marrieda 85 81 77 75

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2005; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2008 3demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 4demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2005 to 2014 Advance Care Plan 2014 Findings • Forty-three percent of respondents reported they had an advance care plan, living will or health care power

of attorney stating their end of life health care wishes. • Seventy-nine percent of respondents 65 and older reported they had an advance care plan compared to 26%

of respondents 18 to 34 years old. Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents having an advance

care plan.


• Gender was not a significant variable in any study year. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of male respondents reporting an advance care plan.

• In all study years, respondents 65 and older were more likely to report an advance care plan. From 2003 to

2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents 65 and older reporting an advance care plan. • Education was not a significant variable for having an advance care plan in any study year. From 2003 to

2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents with a high school education or less reporting an advance care plan.

• Household income was not a significant variable in any study year. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted

increase in the percent of respondents in the bottom 40 percent income bracket and in the top 40 percent income bracket reporting an advance care plan.

• In 2008, married respondents were more likely to report having an advance care plan. In all other study

years, marital status was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of married respondents reporting an advance care plan.

Table 12. Advance Care Plan by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year, 2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 TOTALa 32% 43% 43% 38% 43% Gender Malea 28 41 43 35 41 Female 36 45 43 42 45 Age1,2,3,4,5 18 to 34 22 24 19 18 26 35 to 44 26 35 47 16 36 45 to 54 40 48 30 30 45 55 to 64 36 40 58 52 36 65 and Oldera 48 82 82 85 79 Education High School or Lessa 31 45 40 37 43 Some Post High School 28 45 40 39 39

College Graduate 38 40 46 38 47 Household Income Bottom 40 Percent Bracketa 29 48 39 37 48 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 34 35 40 39 38 Top 40 Percent Bracketa 30 41 42 39 44 Marital Status3 Marrieda 31 46 49 40 43 Not Married 35 39 30 35 43

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. In 2005, “living will or health care power of attorney” was added. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2003; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2005; 3demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2008; 4demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 5demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2003 to 2014


Health Information and Services Overall Year Comparisons • From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents reporting the

doctor, the Internet or other health professionals as their source for health information or clarification. From 2005 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents reporting their primary place for health services was from a doctor’s or nurse practitioner’s office. From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents having an advance care plan.

*In 2005, “living will or health care power of attorney” was added. Routine Procedures (Figure 7; Tables 13 - 16) KEY FINDINGS: In 2014, 91% of respondents reported a routine medical checkup two years ago or less

while 84% reported a cholesterol test four years ago or less. Seventy-two percent of respondents reported a visit to the dentist in the past year while 49% reported an eye exam in the past year. Respondents who were female were more likely to report a routine checkup two years ago or less. Respondents 45 to 54 years old, 65 and older or married respondents were more likely to report a cholesterol test four years ago or less. Respondents with a college education, in the top 40 percent household income bracket or married respondents were more likely to report a dental checkup in the past year. Respondents who were female or 65 and older were more likely to report an eye exam in the past year.

From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents reporting a routine checkup two years ago or less or a cholesterol test four years ago or less. From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents reporting a dental checkup in the past year or an eye exam in the past year.

90% 87% 81% 84%

32%

43% 43%

38% 43%

44% 44%

27% 32%

7% 6%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2003 2005 2008 2011 2014

Figure 6. Health Information and Services

Doctor/Nurse Practioner Office asPrimary Health Care Service

Advance Care Plan*

Doctor as Source of HealthInformation

Internet as Source of HealthInformation

Other Health Professional as Sourceof Health Information


Routine Checkup In 2000, 65% of Wisconsin respondents reported in the past year they had a routine checkup, 14% reported past two years, 9% past five years and 11% five or more years ago. Nationally, 72% reported past year, 12% past two years, 7% past five years and 8% five or more years ago (2000 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance). 2014 Findings • Ninety-one percent of respondents reported they had a routine checkup in the past two years. • Female respondents were more likely to report a routine checkup in the past two years (96%) compared to

male respondents (85%). Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents reporting a routine

checkup two years ago or less.

• In 2003, 2005 and 2014, female respondents were more likely to report a routine checkup two years ago or less. In all other study years, gender was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents across gender reporting a routine checkup two years ago or less.

• In 2003, 2008 and 2011, respondents 65 and older were more likely to report a routine checkup two years

ago or less. In all other study years, age was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents 35 to 54 years old reporting a routine checkup two years ago or less.

• In 2005, respondents with a college education were more likely to report a routine checkup two years ago

or less. In all other study years, education was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents with some post high school education or less reporting a routine checkup two years ago or less.

• In 2008 and 2011, respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report a routine checkup two years ago or less. In all other study years, household income was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket reporting a routine checkup two years ago or less.

• In 2005, 2008 and 2011, married respondents were more likely to report a routine checkup two years ago or

less. In all other study years, marital status was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of married respondents reporting a routine checkup two years ago or less.


Table 13. Routine Checkup Two Years Ago or Less by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year 2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 TOTALa 82% 84% 86% 80% 91% Gende1,2,5 Malea 73 77 85 76 85 Femalea 90 89 87 83 96 Age1,3,4 18 to 34 90 86 74 63 93 35 to 44a 61 84 88 77 85 45 to 54a 85 78 91 82 95 55 to 64 85 85 90 87 88 65 and Older 96 89 97 93 93 Education2 High School or Lessa 80 82 85 78 89 Some Post High Schoola 81 77 83 79 93

College Graduate 86 91 89 83 91 Household Income3,4 Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 83 89 78 74 92 Middle 20 Percent Bracketa 79 81 82 75 97 Top 40 Percent Bracket 82 86 96 88 88 Marital Status2,3,4 Marrieda 81 88 89 84 93 Not Married 83 77 79 73 89

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2003; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2005; 3demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2008; 4demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 5demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2003 to 2014 Cholesterol Test The Healthy People 2020 goal for blood cholesterol screening within the preceding five years is 82%. (Objective HDS-6) In 2011, 76% of Wisconsin respondents and 76% of U.S. respondents reported they had their cholesterol checked within the past five years (2011 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance). 2014 Findings • Eighty-four percent of respondents reported having their cholesterol tested four years ago or less. Five

percent reported five or more years ago while 9% reported never having their cholesterol tested. • Ninety percent of respondents 45 to 54 years old and 89% of those 65 and older reported a cholesterol test

four years ago or less compared to 72% of respondents 18 to 34 years old.


• Married respondents were more likely to report a cholesterol test four years ago or less compared to unmarried respondents (89% and 78%, respectively).

Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents who reported a

cholesterol test four years ago or less.

• In 2003, female respondents were more likely to report a cholesterol test four years ago or less. In all other study years, gender was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of male respondents reporting a cholesterol test four years ago or less.

• In 2003 and 2011, respondents 65 and older were more likely to report a cholesterol test four years ago or

less. In 2005, respondents 55 and older were more likely to report a cholesterol test four years ago or less. In 2008, respondents 55 to 64 years old were more likely to report a cholesterol test four years ago or less. In 2014, respondents 45 to 54 years old or 65 and older were more likely to report this. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents 18 to 44 years old reporting a cholesterol test four years ago or less.

• In 2003, respondents with a college education were more likely to report a cholesterol test four years ago or

less. In all other study years, education was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents with some post high school education or less reporting a cholesterol test four years ago or less.

• In 2008, respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report a

cholesterol test four years ago or less. In 2011, respondents in the top 60 percent household income bracket were more likely to report a cholesterol test four years ago or less. In all other study years, household income was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket reporting a cholesterol test four years ago or less.

• In all study years, married respondents were more likely to report a cholesterol test four years ago or less.

From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent across marital status reporting a cholesterol test four years ago or less.


Table 14. Cholesterol Test Four Years Ago or Less by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year 2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 TOTALa 73% 77% 81% 74% 84% Gender1 Malea 66 75 82 74 82 Female 79 78 80 74 86 Age1,2,3,4,5 18 to 34a 51 57 65 53 72 35 to 44a 69 73 79 68 84 45 to 54 88 83 91 81 90 55 to 64 82 91 98 84 87 65 and Older 94 91 92 89 89 Education1 High School or Lessa 66 75 79 72 81 Some Post High Schoola 74 71 82 73 84

College Graduate 84 82 82 77 87 Household Income3,4 Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 67 75 73 66 79 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 74 71 77 83 85 Top 40 Percent Bracketa 76 82 92 81 89 Marital Status1,2,3,4,5 Marrieda 79 82 85 80 89 Not Marrieda 61 68 74 65 78

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2003; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2005; 3demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2008; 4demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 5demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2003 to 2014 Dental Checkup Counseling patients to visit a dental care provider on a regular basis as well as floss, use fluoride properly, et cetera is recommended.1 The Healthy People 2020 goal for an oral health care system visit in the past 12 months is 49%. (Objective OH-7) In 2012, 72% of Wisconsin respondents and 67% of U.S. respondents reported they visited the dentist or dental clinic within the past year for any reason (2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance).

1 “Chapter 61: Counseling to Prevent Dental and Periodontal Diseases.” U.S. Preventive Services Task Force: Guide to Clinical Preventive Services. 2nd ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1996. Page 711.


2014 Findings • Seventy-two percent of respondents reported a dental visit in the past year. An additional 16% had a visit in

the past one to two years.

• Ninety percent of respondents with a college education reported a dental checkup in the past year compared to 67% of those with some post high school education or 62% of respondents with a high school education or less.

• Eighty-four percent of respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket reported a dental

checkup in the past year compared to 73% of those in the middle 20 percent income bracket or 57% of respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket.

• Married respondents were more likely to report a dental visit in the past year compared to unmarried

respondents (82% and 61%, respectively). Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported

having a dental checkup in the past year. • In 2003, female respondents were more likely to report a dental checkup. In all other study years, gender

was not a significant variable. • In 2005 and 2011, respondents 45 to 54 years old were more likely to report a dental checkup. In 2008,

respondents 35 to 64 years old were more likely to report a dental checkup. In all other study years, age was not a significant variable.

• In 2003, 2008, 2011 and 2014, respondents with a college education were more likely to report a dental

checkup. In 2005, respondents with at least some post high school education were more likely to report a dental checkup in the past year.

• In 2003, respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket were more likely to report a dental

checkup. In 2005, 2008, 2011 and 2014, respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report a dental checkup. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket reporting a dental checkup in the past year.

• In all study years, married respondents were more likely to report a dental checkup in the past year.


Table 15. Dental Checkup Less than One Year Ago by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year 2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 TOTAL 76% 76% 78% 71% 72% Gender1 Male 71 77 77 70 68 Female 80 75 79 72 77 Age2,3,4 18 to 34 73 67 72 60 71 35 to 44 74 84 85 55 65 45 to 54 84 88 83 86 79 55 to 64 76 74 86 81 75 65 and Older 73 63 64 74 73 Education1,2,3,4,5 High School or Less 69 63 60 65 62 Some Post High School 77 82 81 69 67

College Graduate 85 85 90 81 90 Household Income1,2,3,4,5 Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 62 60 60 52 57 Middle 20 Percent Bracketa 84 77 78 71 73 Top 40 Percent Bracket 79 86 84 84 84 Marital Status1,2,3,4,5 Married 81 81 86 78 82 Not Married 67 68 62 59 61

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2003; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2005; 3demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2008; 4demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 5demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2003 to 2014 Eye Exam 2014 Findings • Forty-nine percent of respondents had an eye exam in the past year while 25% reported one to two years

ago.

• Female respondents were more likely to report an eye exam in the past year compared to male respondents (54% and 44%, respectively).

• Respondents 65 and older were more likely to report an eye exam in the past year (66%) compared to those

35 to 44 years old (44%) or respondents 18 to 34 years old (39%).


Year Comparisons

• From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported an eye exam less than a year ago.

• In 2011 and 2014, female respondents were more likely to report an eye exam less than a year ago. In all other study years, gender was not a significant variable.

• In 2003, respondents 45 and older were more likely to report an eye exam less than a year ago. In 2005,

respondents 55 and older were more likely to report an eye exam less than a year ago. In 2008, 2011 and 2014, respondents 65 and older were more likely to report an eye exam.

• In 2008, respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket were more likely to report an eye

exam less than a year ago. In all other study years, household income was not a significant variable. Table 16. Eye Exam Less than One Year Ago by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year

2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 TOTAL 52% 41% 49% 42% 49% Gender4,5 Male 47 38 49 36 44 Female 55 44 49 48 54 Age1,2,3,4,5 18 to 34 36 30 32 26 39 35 to 44 48 42 52 35 44 45 to 54 65 35 49 31 51 55 to 64 62 56 51 51 50 65 and Older 62 52 70 76 66 Education High School or Less 50 40 52 47 45 Some Post High School 51 42 51 40 49

College Graduate 54 43 43 39 54 Household Income3 Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 46 47 49 41 52 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 54 40 58 49 51 Top 40 Percent Bracket 52 39 37 34 46 Marital Status Married 52 38 50 45 50 Not Married 51 47 45 37 48



Routine Procedures Overall Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents reporting a routine

checkup two years ago or less or a cholesterol test four years ago or less. From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents reporting a dental checkup in the past year or an eye exam in the past year.

Vaccinations (Figure 8; Table 17) KEY FINDINGS: In 2014, 43% of respondents had a flu vaccination in the past year. Respondents who were

65 and older were more likely to report a flu vaccination. Seventy-nine percent of respondents 65 and older had a pneumonia vaccination in their lifetime. From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents 18 and older who reported a flu vaccination in the past 12 months. From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents 65 and older who reported a flu vaccination. From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents 65 and older who had a pneumonia vaccination.

Flu Vaccination The Healthy People 2020 goal for adults 18 and older having an annual influenza vaccination is 70%. (Objectives IID-12.8) In 2012, 51% of Wisconsin respondents and 60% of U.S. respondents 65 and older reported they received a flu vaccination in the past year (2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance).

82% 84% 86% 80%

91%

73%

77% 81%

74% 84% 76% 76% 78%

71% 72%

52%

41%

49% 42%

49%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2003 2005 2008 2011 2014

Figure 7. Routine Procedures

Routine checkup (2 yrs. ago orless)

Cholesterol test (4 yrs. ago orless)

Dental checkup (less than 1 yr.ago)

Eye exam (less than 1 yr. ago)


2014 Findings • Forty-three percent of respondents had a flu shot or flu vaccine that was sprayed in their nose in the past 12

months. • Respondents 65 and older were more likely to report receiving a flu vaccination (62%) compared to those

45 to 54 years old (35%) or respondents 18 to 34 years old (28%). Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents 18 and older who

reported a flu vaccination in the past 12 months. From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents 65 and older who reported a flu vaccination in the past 12 months.

• Gender was not a significant variable in any study year. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents across gender reporting a flu vaccination.

• In all study years, respondents 65 and older were more likely to report a flu vaccination. From 2003 to

2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents 18 to 44 years old reporting a flu vaccination.

• In 2003, respondents with some post high school education were more likely to report a flu vaccination. In

2008, respondents with at least some post high school education were more likely to report a flu vaccination. In all other study years, education was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents with a high school education or less or with a college education reporting a flu vaccination.

• In 2003 and 2005, respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to

report a flu vaccination. In all other study years, household income was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket reporting a flu vaccination.


increase in the percent of respondents across marital status reporting a flu vaccination.


Table 17. Flu Vaccination by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year, 2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 TOTALa 30% 16% 35% 44% 43% Gender Malea 28 12 36 40 40 Femalea 32 19 33 47 45 Age1,2,3,4,5 18 to 34a 12 9 15 34 28 35 to 44a 20 8 35 37 55 45 to 54 28 9 27 36 35 55 to 64 54 25 50 51 39 65 and Older 71 40 67 66 62 Education1,3 High School or Lessa 23 20 26 39 44 Some Post High School 39 12 37 42 36

College Graduatea 32 13 40 50 46 Household Income1,2 Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 39 22 37 46 40 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 32 7 29 40 40 Top 40 Percent Bracketa 24 13 34 41 49 Marital Status Marrieda 32 14 35 43 45 Not Marrieda 27 19 33 44 40

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. In 2005, “nasal spray” was added. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2003; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2005; 3demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2008; 4demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 5demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2003 to 2014 Pneumonia Vaccination The Healthy People 2020 goal for persons 65 and older ever having a pneumococcal vaccine is 90%. (Objective IID-13.1) In 2012, 70% of Wisconsin respondents and 69% of U.S. respondents 65 and older reported they received a pneumonia shot (2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance). 2014 Findings • Seventy-nine percent of respondents 65 and older reported they received a pneumonia vaccination in their

lifetime. • No demographic comparisons were conducted as a result of the low percent of respondents who were asked

this question.


Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who had a

pneumonia vaccination in their lifetime. • No demographic comparisons were conducted between years as a result of the low percent of respondents

who were asked this question each year. Vaccinations Overall Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents 18 and older who

reported a flu vaccination in the past 12 months. From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents 65 and older who reported a flu vaccination. From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents 65 and older who had a pneumonia vaccination.

*In 2005, “nasal spray” was added. Prevalence of Select Health Conditions (Figures 9 & 10; Tables 18 - 23) Respondents were asked a series of questions regarding if they had certain health conditions in the past three years. Current diagnosis of asthma was asked. KEY FINDINGS: In 2014, out of six health conditions listed, the two most often mentioned in the past three

years were high blood pressure or high blood cholesterol (27% and 23%, respectively). Respondents 65 and older or overweight respondents were more likely to report high blood pressure. Respondents 65 and older, with a high school education or less, in the middle 20 percent household income bracket, who were unmarried, overweight or did an insufficient amount of physical activity were more likely to report high blood cholesterol. Six percent of respondents reported they were treated for, or told they had heart disease. Respondents 65 and older, in the bottom 60 percent household income bracket or inactive respondents

65% 61%

68% 73%

79%

30%

16%

35%

44% 43%

71%

40%

67% 66% 62%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2003 2005 2008 2011 2014

Figure 8. Vaccinations

Pneumonia Vaccination (Ever,65+)

Flu Vaccination (Past Year,18+)*

Flu Vaccination (Past Year,65+)*


were more likely to report heart disease/condition. Eighteen percent reported a mental health condition; respondents who were female, 45 to 54 years old or in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report this. Seven percent reported diabetes; respondents 65 and older, who were overweight or physically inactive were more likely to report diabetes. Ten percent reported current asthma; respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket were more likely to report this.

From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents who reported high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol or current asthma. From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported heart disease/condition or diabetes. From 2008 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents who reported a mental health condition. From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents who reported their diabetes was controlled through medication, exercise or lifestyle changes. From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents who reported their heart disease/condition was controlled through medication, exercise or lifestyle changes. From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents reporting the remaining health conditions were under control.

2014 Findings • Respondents were more likely to report high blood pressure (27%) or high blood cholesterol (23%) in the

past three years out of six health conditions listed.

Figure 9. Health Conditions in Past Three Years for 2014

7%

10%

18%

23%

27%

6%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Heart Disease/Condition

Diabetes

Asthma (Current)

Mental Health Condition

High Blood Cholesterol

High Blood Pressure


High Blood Pressure 2014 Findings • Twenty-seven percent of respondents reported high blood pressure in the past three years. • Respondents 65 and older were more likely to report high blood pressure in the past three years (51%)

compared to those 18 to 34 years old (13%) or respondents 35 to 44 years old (9%). • Thirty-four percent of overweight respondents reported high blood pressure compared to 14% of

respondents who were not overweight.

o Of the 109 respondents who reported high blood pressure, 98% had it under control through medication, exercise or lifestyle changes.

Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents who reported high

blood pressure. From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents with high blood pressure reporting it was under control through medication, exercise or lifestyle changes (97% and 98%, respectively).

• Gender was not a significant variable in any study year. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of male respondents reporting high blood pressure.

• In all study years, respondents 65 and older were more likely to report high blood pressure. From 2003 to

2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents 18 to 34 years old reporting high blood pressure.

• In 2005 and 2008, respondents with a high school education or less were more likely to report high blood

pressure. In all other study years, education was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents with a high school education or less reporting high blood pressure.

• In 2005, respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report high

blood pressure. In all other study years, household income was not a significant variable. • In 2008, unmarried respondents were more likely to report high blood pressure. In all other study years,

marital status was not a significant variable. • In 2003, 2008, 2011 and 2014, overweight respondents were more likely to report high blood pressure. In

2005, overweight status was not a significant variable. • In 2008, inactive respondents were more likely to report high blood pressure. In 2011 and 2014, physical

activity was not a significant variable. • In 2005 and 2011, nonsmokers were more likely to report high blood pressure. In all other study years,

smoking status was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of nonsmokers reporting high blood pressure.


Table 18. High Blood Pressure in Past Three Years by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year,

2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 TOTALa 21% 25% 21% 28% 27% Gender Malea 20 27 21 30 30 Female 21 24 22 24 24 Age1,2,3,4,5 18 to 34a 3 18 4 4 13 35 to 44 12 14 11 8 9 45 to 54 24 19 22 21 30 55 to 64 43 39 35 51 41 65 and Older 51 52 59 65 51 Education2,3 High School or Lessa 21 33 28 29 31 Some Post High School 22 23 22 27 31

College Graduate 19 19 14 25 20 Household Income2 Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 26 36 28 33 35 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 22 21 24 28 24 Top 40 Percent Bracket 16 21 16 21 22 Marital Status3 Married 22 24 18 27 28 Not Married 18 27 28 28 26 Overweight Status1,3,4,5 Not Overweight 10 21 8 15 14 Overweight 27 28 29 33 34 Physical Activity3 Inactive -- -- 43 38 35 Insufficient -- -- 19 25 28 Recommended -- -- 17 25 25 Smoking Status2,4 Nonsmokera 22 28 23 30 29 Smoker 16 15 13 16 23



High Blood Cholesterol 2014 Findings • Twenty-three percent of respondents reported high blood cholesterol in the past three years. • Forty-five percent of respondents 65 and older reported high blood cholesterol in the past three years

compared to 7% of those 35 to 44 years old or 1% of respondents 18 to 34 years old.

• Thirty percent of respondents with a high school education or less reported high blood cholesterol in the past three years compared to 21% of those with some post high school education or 15% of respondents with a college education.

• Thirty-five percent of respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket reported high blood

cholesterol in the past three years compared to 27% of those in the bottom 40 percent income bracket or 15% of respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket.

• Unmarried respondents were more likely to report high blood cholesterol in the past three years compared

to married respondents (28% and 18%, respectively).

• Thirty percent of overweight respondents reported high blood cholesterol compared to 8% of respondents who were not overweight.

• Thirty-one percent of respondents who did an insufficient amount of physical activity reported high blood

cholesterol compared to 19% of those who were inactive or 15% of respondents who met the recommended amount of physical activity.

o Of the 91 respondents who reported high blood cholesterol, 91% had it under control through

medication, exercise or lifestyle changes.

Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents who reported high

blood cholesterol. From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents with high blood cholesterol reporting it was under control through medication, exercise or lifestyle changes (88% and 91%, respectively).

• Gender was not a significant variable in any study year. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of male respondents reporting high blood cholesterol.

• In 2003, 2008, 2011 and 2014, respondents 65 and older were more likely to report high blood cholesterol. In 2005, respondents 55 and older were more likely to report high blood cholesterol. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents 45 to 54 years old reporting high blood cholesterol.

• In 2005 and 2014, respondents with a high school education or less were more likely to report high blood

cholesterol. In all other study years, education was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents with a high school education or less reporting high blood cholesterol.


• In 2014, respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket were more likely to report high blood cholesterol. In all other study years, household income was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents in the bottom 60 percent household income bracket reporting high blood cholesterol.

• In 2003, married respondents were more likely to report high blood cholesterol. In 2014, unmarried

respondents were more likely to report high blood cholesterol, with a noted increase since 2003. In all other study years, marital status was not a significant variable.

• In 2003, 2005, 2008 and 2014, overweight respondents were more likely to report high blood cholesterol.

In 2011, overweight status was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of overweight respondents reporting high blood cholesterol.

• In 2008 and 2011, inactive respondents were more likely to report high blood cholesterol. In 2014,

respondents who did an insufficient amount of physical activity were more likely to report high blood cholesterol.

• In 2008, nonsmokers were more likely to report high blood cholesterol. In all other study years, smoking status was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents across smoking status reporting high blood cholesterol.


Table 19. High Blood Cholesterol in Past Three Years by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year,

2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 TOTALa 16% 21% 19% 21% 23% Gender Malea 15 25 18 19 24 Female 16 18 19 22 21 Age1,2,3,4,5 18 to 34 2 9 10 9 1 35 to 44 11 16 10 11 7 45 to 54a 17 21 10 14 35 55 to 64 30 36 38 34 30 65 and Older 38 38 44 40 45 Education2,5 High School or Lessa 13 32 24 17 30 Some Post High School 18 17 17 23 21

College Graduate 15 14 16 24 15 Household Income5 Bottom 40 Percent Bracketa 14 30 18 21 27 Middle 20 Percent Bracketa 17 23 18 26 35 Top 40 Percent Bracket 15 17 20 20 15 Marital Status1,5 Married 19 22 18 23 18 Not Marrieda 8 20 19 17 28 Overweight Status1,2,3,5 Not Overweight 10 14 11 18 8 Overweighta 19 28 23 23 30 Physical Activity3,4,5 Inactive -- -- 28 39 19 Insufficient -- -- 24 17 31 Recommended -- -- 13 19 15 Smoking Status3 Nonsmokera 17 23 21 22 23 Smokera 10 15 7 13 23



Heart Disease/Condition 2014 Findings • Six percent of respondents reported heart disease or condition in the past three years. • Twenty-three percent of respondents 65 and older reported heart disease/condition in the past three years

compared to 1% of those 45 to 54 years old or 0% of respondents 35 to 44 years old. • Ten percent of respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket and 9% of those in the

middle 20 percent income bracket reported heart disease/condition compared to 2% of respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket.

• Sixteen percent of respondents who were inactive reported heart disease/condition compared to 7% of those

who met the recommended amount of physical activity or 4% of respondents who did an insufficient amount of physical activity.

o Of the 24 respondents who reported heart disease/condition, 75% had it under control through

medication, exercise or lifestyle changes. Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported heart

disease/condition. From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents with a heart disease/condition reporting it was under control through medication, exercise or lifestyle changes (97% and 75%, respectively).

• In 2003, 2008, 2011 and 2014, respondents 65 and older were more likely to report heart disease/condition.

In 2005, respondents 55 and older were more likely to report heart disease/condition. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents 18 to 34 years old and a noted decrease in the percent of respondents 35 to 44 years old or 55 to 64 years old reporting heart disease/condition.

• In 2005 and 2008, respondents with a high school education or less were more likely to report heart

disease/condition. In all other study years, education was not a significant variable. • In 2008 and 2011, respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to

report heart disease/condition. In 2014, respondents in the bottom 60 percent household income bracket were more likely to report heart disease/condition. In all other study years, household income was not a significant variable.

• In 2005, overweight respondents were more likely to report heart disease/condition. In all other study years, overweight status was not a significant variable.

• In 2008, 2011 and 2014 inactive respondents were more likely to report heart disease/condition.


Table 20. Heart Disease/Condition in Past Three Years by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year,

2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 TOTAL 8% 7% 10% 8% 6% Gender Male 7 10 9 9 8 Female 8 5 11 8 4 Age1,2,3,4,5 18 to 34a 0 0 3 1 5 35 to 44a 6 5 4 3 0 45 to 54 4 2 3 3 1 55 to 64a 15 19 19 10 4 65 and Older 27 19 33 29 23 Education2,3 High School or Less 10 13 18 11 6 Some Post High School 8 4 8 6 9

College Graduate 5 4 5 6 3 Household Income3,4,5 Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 12 10 19 14 10 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 9 10 8 6 9 Top 40 Percent Bracket 4 4 3 <1 2 Marital Status Married 7 7 8 8 6 Not Married 9 7 12 9 6 Overweight Status2 Not Overweight 5 3 8 8 5 Overweight 9 11 11 9 6 Physical Activity3,4,5 Inactive -- -- 19 16 16 Insufficient -- -- 7 6 4 Recommended -- -- 8 9 7 Smoking Status Nonsmoker 8 7 10 9 7 Smoker 7 6 9 6 3



Mental Health Condition 2014 Findings • Eighteen percent of respondents reported a mental health condition, such as an anxiety disorder, obsessive-

compulsive disorder, panic disorder, post traumatic stress disorder or depression in the past three years.

• Female respondents were more likely to report a mental health condition compared to male respondents (26% and 9%, respectively).

• Respondents 45 to 54 years old were more likely to report a mental health condition (26%) compared to

those 55 to 64 years old (13%) or respondents 65 and older (7%).

• Twenty-eight percent of respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket reported a mental health condition compared to 14% of those in the middle 20 percent income bracket or 11% of respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket.

o Of the 70 respondents who reported a mental health condition, 96% had it under control through

medication, therapy or lifestyle changes. Year Comparisons • From 2008 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents reporting a mental

health condition. From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents with a mental health condition reporting it was under control through medication, therapy or lifestyle changes (100% and 96%, respectively).

• In 2011 and 2014, female respondents were more likely to report a mental health condition. In 2008, gender

was not a significant variable. From 2008 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of female respondents reporting a mental health condition.

• In 2014, respondents 45 to 54 years old were more likely to report a mental health condition, with a noted

increase since 2008. In 2008 and 2011, age was not a significant variable.

• Education was not a significant variable in any study year. From 2008 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents with a college education reporting a mental health condition.

• In 2014, respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report a mental health condition. In 2008 and 2011, household income was not a significant variable.

• In 2008, unmarried respondents were more likely to report a mental health condition. In 2011 and 2014, marital status was not a significant variable. From 2008 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of married respondents reporting a mental health condition.


Table 21. Mental Health Condition in Past Three Years by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year

2008 2011 2014 TOTALa 11% 8% 18% Gender2,3 Male 10 5 9 Femalea 13 10 26 Age3 18 to 34 13 12 22 35 to 44 14 8 16 45 to 54a 8 4 26 55 to 64 14 6 13 65 and Older 7 6 7 Education High School or Less 14 10 17 Some Post High School 14 8 18

College Graduatea 7 4 18 Household Income3 Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 19 10 28 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 12 9 14 Top 40 Percent Bracket 10 4 11 Marital Status1 Marrieda 9 6 15 Not Married 17 10 21

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2008; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011 3demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2008 to 2014 Diabetes 2014 Findings • Seven percent of respondents reported diabetes in the past three years. • Seventeen percent of respondents 65 and older reported diabetes in the past three years compared to 1% of

those 18 to 34 years old or 0% of respondents 35 to 44 years old. • Nine percent of overweight respondents reported diabetes compared to 2% of respondents who were not

overweight. • Thirty-one percent of respondents who were inactive reported diabetes compared to 5% of those who did

an insufficient amount of physical activity or 4% of respondents who met the recommended amount of physical activity.


o Of the 27 respondents who reported diabetes, 96% had it under control through medication, exercise or lifestyle changes.

Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported

diabetes. From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents with diabetes reporting it was under control through medication, exercise or lifestyle changes (69% and 96%, respectively).

• In 2003, respondents 55 and older were more likely to report diabetes. In 2005, respondents 55 to 64 years

old were more likely to report diabetes. In 2008, 2011 and 2014, respondents 65 and older were more likely to report diabetes.

• In 2008, respondents with some post high school education or less were more likely to report diabetes. In

2011, respondents with a high school education or less were more likely to report diabetes. In all other study years, education was not a significant variable.

• In 2005, respondents in the bottom 60 percent household income bracket were more likely to report

diabetes. In 2011, respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report diabetes. In all other study years, household income was not a significant variable.

• In 2005, 2008, 2011 and 2014, overweight respondents were more likely to report diabetes. In 2003,

overweight status was not a significant variable. • In 2008 and 2014, inactive respondents were more likely to report diabetes. In 2011, respondents who did

not meet the recommended amount of physical activity were more likely to report diabetes. • In 2011, smokers were more likely to report diabetes. In all other study years, smoking status was not a

significant variable.


Table 22. Diabetes in Past Three Years by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year,

2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 TOTAL 7% 6% 8% 9% 7% Gender Male 7 8 10 10 8 Female 7 5 5 7 6 Age1,2,3,4,5 18 to 34 4 0 0 4 1 35 to 44 0 4 3 12 0 45 to 54 5 0 10 4 8 55 to 64 16 21 13 9 10 65 and Older 17 13 23 17 17 Education3,4 High School or Less 8 8 12 13 5 Some Post High School 6 7 10 8 9

College Graduate 4 3 3 4 7 Household Income2,4 Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 9 9 13 18 10 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 4 11 10 9 3 Top 40 Percent Bracket 5 0 7 3 8 Marital Status Married 6 6 7 9 7 Not Married 7 5 10 9 7 Overweight Status2,3,4,5 Not Overweight 3 1 2 2 2 Overweight 8 9 11 9 9 Physical Activity3,4,5 Inactive -- -- 26 14 31 Insufficient -- -- 6 13 5 Recommended -- -- 5 2 4 Smoking Status4 Nonsmoker 7 7 9 7 8 Smoker 6 4 4 18 4



Current Asthma In 2010, 8% of Wisconsin respondents and 9% of U.S. respondents reported they were told they currently have asthma (2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance). 2014 Findings • Ten percent of respondents reported they currently have asthma.

• Twenty-four percent of respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket reported current

asthma compared to 9% of those in the bottom 40 percent income bracket or 5% of respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket.

o Of the 40 respondents who reported current asthma, 93% had it under control through medication,

exercise or lifestyle changes. Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents who reported

current asthma. From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents with current asthma reporting it was under control through medication, therapy or lifestyle changes (88% and 93%, respectively).

• In 2003, 2005, 2008 and 2011, female respondents were more likely to report current asthma. In 2014,

gender was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of male respondents reporting current asthma.

• Age was not a significant variable in any study year. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents 18 to 34 years old or 45 to 54 years old reporting current asthma.

• Education was not a significant variable in any study year. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase

in the percent of respondents with a high school education or less or a college education reporting current asthma.

• In 2014, respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket were more likely to report current

asthma, with a noted increase since 2003. In all other study years, household income was not a significant variable.


Table 23. Current Asthma by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year

2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 TOTALa 5% 6% 9% 8% 10% Gender1,2,3,4 Malea 2 2 6 4 9 Female 8 8 12 13 11 Age 18 to 34a 5 6 7 6 14 35 to 44 6 5 11 7 13 45 to 54a 2 9 9 4 12 55 to 64 7 6 10 13 3 65 and Older 8 3 7 11 6 Education High School or Lessa 7 5 7 8 14 Some Post High School 6 8 9 11 7

College Graduatea 2 4 10 5 7 Household Income5 Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 7 9 16 13 9 Middle 20 Percent Bracketa 4 2 8 11 24 Top 40 Percent Bracket 4 5 7 5 5 Marital Status Married 5 5 7 7 7 Not Married 6 7 12 10 13



Health Conditions Overall Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents who reported high

blood pressure, high blood cholesterol or current asthma. From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported heart disease/condition or diabetes. From 2008 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents who reported a mental health condition. From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents with diabetes reporting it was under control through medication, exercise or lifestyle changes. From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents reporting their heart disease/condition was under control through medication, therapy or lifestyle changes. From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents reporting the remaining health conditions were under control.

Figure 10. Health Conditions in Past Three Years

27%28%

21%

25%

21%23%

21%16% 19%

21%

6%

8%7%

10%11%

8%

18%

7% 8%

9%

7%

10%

5% 6%

9%

0%

20%

40%

2003 2005 2008 2011 2014

High Blood Pressure

High Blood Cholesterol

Heart Disease/Condition

Mental Health Condition

Diabetes

Asthma (Current)


Physical Well Being and Body Weight (Figures 11 & 12; Tables 24 - 27) KEY FINDINGS: In 2014, 35% of respondents did moderate physical activity five times a week for 30

minutes while 26% did vigorous activity three times a week for 20 minutes. Combined, 46% met the recommended amount of physical activity; respondents who were 18 to 34 years old or with a college education were more likely to report this. Sixty-seven percent of respondents were classified as overweight. Respondents who were male or 45 to 64 years old were more likely to be classified as overweight.

From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents who reported moderate physical activity five times a week for at least 30 minutes. From 2008 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported vigorous physical activity three times a week for at least 20 minutes. From 2008 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who met the recommended amount of physical activity. From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents being overweight.

Moderate Physical Activity in Usual Week Moderate physical activity includes walking briskly, vacuuming, gardening or anything else that causes small increases in breathing or heart rate. In 2005, 42% of Wisconsin respondents and 33% of U.S. respondents did moderate physical activity at least five times a week for 30 or more minutes (2005 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance). 2014 Findings • Thirty-five percent of all respondents did moderate physical activity at least five times a week for 30

minutes or more. Fifty-four percent did some moderate activity, while 10% did not do any moderate physical activity.

• Forty-six percent of respondents with a college education met the recommended amount of moderate

physical activity compared to 34% of those with some post high school education or 27% of respondents with a high school education or less.

• Respondents who were not overweight were more likely to meet the recommended amount of moderate

physical activity (42%) compared to overweight respondents (32%). Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents who met the

recommended amount of moderate physical activity in a week.

• Gender was not a significant variable in any study year. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of female respondents meeting the recommended amount of moderate physical activity.

• Age was not a significant variable in any study year. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents 65 and older meeting the recommended amount of moderate physical activity.


• In 2005 and 2014, respondents with a college education were more likely to meet the recommended amount of moderate physical activity. In 2008, respondents with some post high school education were more likely to meet the recommended amount of moderate physical activity. In all other study years, education was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents with a college education meeting the recommended amount of moderate physical activity.

• In 2005, respondents in the top 60 percent household income bracket were more likely to meet the

recommended amount of moderate physical activity. In all other study years, household income was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket and top 40 percent household income bracket meeting the recommended amount of moderate physical activity.

• In 2003 and 2008, married respondents were more likely to meet the recommended amount of moderate

physical activity. In all other study years, marital status was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of unmarried respondents meeting the recommended amount of moderate physical activity.

• In 2005, 2011 and 2014, respondents who were not overweight were more likely to meet the recommended

amount of moderate physical activity. In all other study years, overweight status was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents who were not overweight meeting the recommended amount of moderate physical activity.


Table 24. Recommended Moderate Physical Activity by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year, 2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 TOTALa 25% 36% 42% 30% 35% Gender Male 25 35 41 31 35 Femalea 25 37 42 28 36 Age 18 to 34 27 34 48 22 40 35 to 44 25 38 38 33 36 45 to 54 32 44 39 26 29 55 to 64 24 37 38 36 34 65 and Oldera 16 27 43 36 35 Education2,3,5 High School or Less 26 27 30 32 27 Some Post High School 28 39 53 24 34

College Graduatea 22 43 39 32 46 Household Income2 Bottom 40 Percent Bracketa 17 25 38 31 31 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 30 39 46 29 41 Top 40 Percent Bracketa 26 41 51 29 42 Marital Status1,3 Married 28 37 46 29 33 Not Marrieda 19 35 33 30 38 Overweight Status2,4,5 Not Overweighta 24 49 48 38 42 Overweight 27 29 38 27 32

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. Recommended moderate physical activity is 5 times/30+ minutes in a week. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2003; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2005; 3demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2008; 4demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 5demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2003 to 2014


Vigorous Physical Activity in Usual Week Vigorous physical activity includes running, aerobics, heavy yard work, or anything else that causes large increases in breathing or heart rate. In 2009, 31% of Wisconsin respondents and 29% of U.S. respondents did vigorous physical activity at least three times a week for 20 or more minutes (2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance). 2014 Findings • Twenty-six percent of respondents reported they did vigorous physical activity at least three times a week

for 20 minutes or more. Forty-three percent did some vigorous physical activity while 31% did not do any vigorous physical activity.

• Forty-three percent of respondents 35 to 44 years old met the recommended amount of vigorous physical activity compared to 16% of those 65 and older or 14% of respondents 45 to 54 years old.

Year Comparisons • From 2008 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who met the

recommended amount of vigorous physical activity in a week.

• In 2008, male respondents were more likely to meet the recommended amount of vigorous physical activity. In 2011 and 2014, gender was not a significant variable.

• In 2008, respondents 18 to 34 years old were more likely to meet the recommended amount of vigorous

physical activity. In 2014, respondents 35 to 44 years old were more likely to meet the recommended amount of vigorous physical activity. In 2011, age was not a significant variable. From 2008 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of respondents 18 to 34 years old meeting the recommended amount of vigorous physical activity.

• In 2008, respondents with at least some post high school education were more likely to meet the

recommended amount of vigorous physical activity. In 2011 and 2014, education was not a significant variable.

• In 2008, respondents who were not overweight were more likely to meet the recommended amount of

vigorous physical activity. In 2011 and 2014, overweight status was not a significant variable.


Table 25. Recommended Vigorous Physical Activity by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year, 2008 2011 2014 TOTAL 28% 26% 26% Gender1 Male 34 30 25 Female 23 22 27 Age1,3 18 to 34a 48 26 30 35 to 44 30 28 43 45 to 54 19 29 14 55 to 64 15 25 26 65 and Older 13 24 16 Education1 High School or Less 16 23 19 Some Post High School 35 24 28

College Graduate 32 34 32 Household Income Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 28 25 31 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 27 31 23 Top 40 Percent Bracket 32 31 29 Marital Status Married 30 26 22 Not Married 25 26 31 Overweight Status1 Not Overweight 37 29 31 Overweight 23 26 23

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. Recommended vigorous physical activity is 3 times/20+ minutes in a week. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2008; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011 3demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤05 from 2008 to 2014 Combined Recommended Amount of Physical Activity in Typical Week The recommended amount of physical activity by the Centers for Disease Control is moderate physical activity for at least 30 minutes on five or more days of the week or vigorous physical activity for at least 20 minutes on three or more days of the week. Moderate physical activity includes walking briskly, vacuuming, gardening or anything else that causes small increases in breathing or heart rate. Vigorous physical activity includes running, aerobics, heavy yard work, or anything else that causes large increases in breathing or heart rate. Insufficient physical activity includes participation in either activity, but not for the duration or the frequency recommended. Inactive respondents reported no moderate or vigorous physical activity in a typical week. In 2009, 53% of Wisconsin respondents and 51% of U.S. respondents met the recommended amount of physical activity (30+ minutes of moderate physical activity five days per week or 20+ minutes of vigorous physical activity three days per week) (2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance).


2014 Findings • Forty-six percent of respondents met the recommended amount of physical activity in a typical week

(moderate activity 5 times/week for 30 minutes or vigorous activity 3 times/week for 20 minutes). Forty-six percent did an insufficient amount of physical activity while 8% did no physical activity in a typical week.

*Recommended physical activity is moderate activity 5 times/30+ minutes in a week or vigorous activity 3 times/20+ minutes in a week. • Fifty-seven percent of respondents 18 to 34 years old met the recommended amount of physical activity

compared to 41% of those 55 and older or 36% of respondents 45 to 54 years old.

• Fifty-six percent of respondents with a college education met the recommended amount of physical activity compared to 50% of those with some post high school education or 36% of respondents with a high school education or less.

Year Comparisons • From 2008 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who met the

recommended amount of physical activity in a week. • In 2014, respondents 18 to 34 years old were more likely to meet the recommended amount of physical

activity. In all other study years, age was not a significant variable. • In 2008, respondents with some post high school education were more likely to meet the recommended

amount of physical activity. In 2014, respondents with a college education were more likely to meet the recommended amount of physical activity. In 2011, education was not a significant variable. From 2008 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of respondents with some post high school education meeting the recommended amount of physical activity.

• In 2008, married respondents were more likely to meet the recommended amount of physical activity. In

2011 and 2014, marital status was not a significant variable. From 2008 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of married respondents meeting the recommended amount of physical activity.

Figure 11. Physical Activity/Week for 2014*

Inactive8%Insufficient

46%

Recommended46%


• In 2008 and 2011, respondents who were not overweight were more likely to meet the recommended amount of physical activity. In 2014, overweight status was not a significant variable. From 2008 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of respondents who were not overweight meeting the recommended amount of physical activity.

Table 26. Recommended Moderate or Vigorous Physical Activity by Demographic Variables for Each Survey

Year,

2008 2011 2014 TOTAL 52% 40% 46% Gender Male 52 43 46 Female 53 38 47 Age3 18 to 34 65 32 57 35 to 44 49 45 54 45 to 54 47 42 36 55 to 64 46 43 41 65 and Older 48 45 41 Education1,3 High School or Less 39 39 36 Some Post High Schoola 63 36 50

College Graduate 53 48 56 Household Income Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 52 39 48 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 50 43 45 Top 40 Percent Bracket 60 44 53 Marital Status1 Marrieda 57 41 45 Not Married 42 40 47 Overweight Status1,2 Not Overweighta 64 49 51 Overweight 46 38 44

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. Recommended moderate physical activity is 5 times/30+ minutes in a week and recommended vigorous physical activity is 3 times/20+ minutes in a week. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2008; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011 3demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤05 from 2008 to 2014


Body Weight Being overweight contributes to many health problems. One nationally used definition of overweight status developed by the CDC is when a person’s body mass index (BMI) is greater than or equal to 25.0. A BMI of 30.0 or more is considered obese. Body Mass Index is calculated by using kilograms/meter2. Throughout the report, the category “overweight” includes both overweight and obese respondents. The Healthy People 2020 goal for healthy weight is 34%. As a result, the unhealthy weight goal is 66%. (Objective NWS-8) The Healthy People 2020 goal for obesity is 31%. (Objective NWS-9) In 2012, 67% of Wisconsin respondents were classified as at least overweight (37% overweight, 30% obese). In the U.S., 64% were classified as at least overweight (36% overweight and 28% obese) (2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance). 2014 Findings • According to the definition, 67% of respondents were overweight.

• Male respondents were more likely to be overweight compared to female respondents (76% and 58%,

respectively).

• Eighty-one percent of respondents 45 to 54 years old and 79% of those 55 to 64 years old were overweight compared to 48% of respondents 18 to 34 years old.

Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents being overweight. • In all study years, male respondents were more likely to be classified as overweight. • In 2003, respondents 65 and older were more likely to be overweight. In 2005, respondents 55 to 64 years

old were more likely to be overweight. In 2008, respondents 55 and older were more likely to be overweight. In 2014, respondents 45 to 64 years old were more likely to be overweight. In 2011, age was not a significant variable. From 2008 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents 45 to 54 years old being overweight.

• In 2003, respondents with at least some post high school education were more likely to be overweight. In

2011, respondents with some post high school education were more likely to be overweight. In all other study years, education was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents with a high school education or less being overweight.

• Household income was not a significant variable in any study year. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted

increase in the percent of respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket and top 40 percent household income bracket being overweight.

• In 2003, 2005 and 2008, married respondents were more likely to be overweight. In all other study years,

marital status was not a significant variable. • In 2008, inactive respondents were more likely to be overweight. In 2011 and 2014, physical activity was

not a significant variable.


Table 27. Overweight by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year, 2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 TOTALa 59% 59% 63% 70% 67% Gender1,2,3,4,5 Male 70 71 71 81 76 Female 49 49 56 58 58 Age1,2,3,5 18 to 34 47 35 46 64 48 35 to 44 54 66 64 68 54 45 to 54a 67 55 69 71 81 55 to 64 67 78 75 75 79 65 and Older 78 69 77 72 76 Education1,4 High School or Lessa 51 62 59 71 71 Some Post High School 65 61 63 81 60

College Graduate 66 54 67 55 67 Household Income Bottom 40 Percent Bracketa 51 58 53 66 66 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 60 57 64 77 63 Top 40 Percent Bracketa 63 65 66 67 74 Marital Status1,2,3 Married 63 66 71 71 71 Not Married 52 48 48 66 62 Physical Activity3 Inactive -- -- 78 79 71 Insufficient -- -- 70 72 69 Recommended -- -- 56 64 63



Physical Well Being and Body Weight Overall Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents who reported

moderate physical activity five times a week for at least 30 minutes. From 2008 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported vigorous physical activity three times a week for at least 20 minutes. From 2008 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who met the recommended amount of physical activity. From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents being overweight.

Nutrition (Figure 13; Tables 28 & 29) KEY FINDINGS: In 2014, 66% of respondents reported two or more servings of fruit while 29% reported

three or more servings of vegetables on an average day. Respondents who were female, with at least some post high school education, in the top 40 percent household income bracket, married or not overweight were more likely to report at least two servings of fruit. Respondents who were female, with a college education, in the top 40 percent household income bracket, married, inactive or who met the recommended amount of physical activity were more likely to report at least three servings of vegetables on an average day.

From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported at least two servings of fruit on an average day or at least three servings of vegetables on an average day.

Fruit Consumption Based on the USDA dietary guidelines, at a minimum, adults should have two servings of fruit each day. Age, gender and activity level may increase the recommended number of servings.

Figure 12. Physical Well Being and Body Weight

67%59% 59%

63%70%

42%

25%

36% 30% 35%

26% 26%28%

52%

40% 46%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2003 2005 2008 2011 2014

Overweight

Moderate Activity (5x/30+min/week)Vigorous Activity (3x/20+min/week)

Recommended PhysicalActivity (Mod or Vig)


2014 Findings • Sixty-six percent of respondents reported at least two servings of fruit on an average day. • Female respondents were more likely to report at least two servings of fruit a day (78%) compared to male

respondents (54%).

• Seventy-six percent of respondents with some post high school education and 74% of those with a college education reported at least two servings of fruit a day compared to 54% of respondents with a high school education or less.

• Seventy-five percent of respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket reported at least two

servings of fruit a day compared to 57% of those in the middle 20 percent income bracket or 55% of respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket.

• Married respondents were more likely to report at least two servings of fruit a day compared to unmarried

respondents (72% and 59%, respectively).

• Seventy-three percent of respondents who were not overweight reported at least two servings of fruit a day compared to 62% of those who were overweight.

Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported two

or more servings of fruit on an average day.

• In 2003, 2005, 2011 and 2014, female respondents were more likely to report at least two servings of fruit per day. In 2008, gender was not a significant variable.

• In 2011, respondents 35 to 44 years old were more likely to report two or more servings of fruit. In all other

study years, age was not a significant variable. • In 2003 and 2011, respondents with a college education were more likely to report two or more servings of

fruit. In 2008, respondents with some post high school education were more likely to report two or more servings of fruit. In 2014, respondents with at least some post high school education were more likely to report this. In 2005, education was not a significant variable.

• In 2005, respondents in the bottom 60 percent household income bracket were more likely to report two or

more servings of fruit. In 2008, respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket were more likely to report two or more servings of fruit. In 2011, respondents in the top 60 percent household income bracket were more likely to report two or more servings of fruit. In 2014, respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report two or more servings of fruit. In 2003, household income was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket reporting two or more servings of fruit per day.

• In 2014, married respondents who were more likely to report at least two servings of fruit per day. In all

other study years, marital status was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of unmarried respondents reporting two or more servings of fruit per day.

• In 2011 and 2014, respondents who were not overweight were more likely to report at least two servings of

fruit. In all other study years, overweight status was not a significant variable.


• In 2011, respondents who met the recommended amount of physical activity were more likely to report at least two servings of fruit. In 2008 and 2014, physical activity was not a significant variable.

Table 28. Two or More Servings of Fruit on Average Day by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year,

2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 TOTAL 69% 61% 64% 58% 66% Gender1,2,4,5 Male 59 47 60 51 54 Female 78 72 68 65 78 Age4 18 to 34 60 65 65 51 67 35 to 44 74 51 63 69 64 45 to 54 65 59 60 49 58 55 to 64 70 70 67 61 78 65 and Older 79 67 67 66 66 Education1,3,4,5 High School or Less 64 65 53 54 54 Some Post High School 65 64 74 51 76

College Graduate 81 54 66 72 74 Household Income2,3,4,5 Bottom 40 Percent Bracketa 74 68 53 47 55 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 62 67 77 67 57 Top 40 Percent Bracket 71 51 69 67 75 Marital Status5 Married 68 61 66 60 72 Not Marrieda 70 61 61 56 59 Overweight Status4,5 Not Overweight 73 64 65 67 73 Overweight 66 59 63 56 62 Physical Activity4 Inactive -- -- 62 46 71 Insufficient -- -- 59 50 61 Recommended -- -- 69 71 71



Vegetable Consumption Based on the USDA dietary guidelines, at a minimum, adults should have three servings of vegetables each day. Age, gender and activity level may increase the recommended number of servings. 2014 Findings • Twenty-nine percent of respondents reported three or more servings of vegetables on an average day. • Female respondents were more likely to report at least three servings of vegetables a day (36%) compared

to male respondents (21%). • Forty-three percent of respondents with a college education reported at least three servings of vegetables a

day compared to 31% of those with some post high school education or 15% of respondents with a high school education or less.

• Thirty-eight percent of respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket reported at least three

servings of vegetables a day compared to 24% of those in the bottom 40 percent income bracket or 23% of respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket.

• Married respondents were more likely to report at least three servings of vegetables a day compared to

unmarried respondents (37% and 18%, respectively). • Forty-one percent of respondents who were inactive and 38% of those who met the recommended amount

of physical activity reported at least three servings of vegetables a day compared to 18% of respondents who did an insufficient amount of physical activity.

Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported three

or more servings of vegetables on an average day. • In 2003, 2005, 2011 and 2014, female respondents were more likely to report at least three vegetable

servings per day. In 2008, gender was not a significant variable. • Age was not a significant variable in any study year. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the

percent of respondents 65 and older reporting at least three vegetable servings per day. • In 2008, respondents with at least some post high school education were more likely to report at least three

servings of vegetables. In 2014, respondents with a college education were more likely to report at least three servings of vegetables. In all other study years, education was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of respondents with a high school education or less reporting at least three vegetable servings per day.

• In 2014, respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report at least

three servings of vegetables. In all other study years, household income was not a significant variable in any study year.

• In 2014, married respondents were more likely to report at least three servings of vegetables, with a noted

increase since 2003. In all other study years, marital status was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of ummarried respondents reporting at least three vegetable servings per day.


• In 2005, respondents who were not overweight were more likely to report at least three servings of vegetables. In all other study years, overweight status was not a significant variable.

• In 2014, respondents who were inactive or who met the recommended amount of physical activity were

more likely to report at least three servings of vegetables. In 2008 and 2011, physical activity was not a significant variable.

Table 29. Three or More Servings of Vegetables on Average Day by Demographic Variables for

Each Survey Year,

2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 TOTAL 29% 23% 28% 22% 29% Gender1,2,4,5 Male 21 17 26 17 21 Female 35 28 29 27 36 Age 18 to 34 26 22 32 27 24 35 to 44 27 22 24 18 41 45 to 54 27 26 24 19 25 55 to 64 27 25 29 24 31 65 and Oldera 42 19 30 22 24 Education3,5 High School or Lessa 26 23 18 21 15 Some Post High School 29 23 33 17 31

College Graduate 32 23 31 29 43 Household Income5 Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 35 18 30 23 24 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 22 25 28 29 23 Top 40 Percent Bracket 30 23 24 18 38 Marital Status5 Marrieda 28 24 28 19 37 Not Marrieda 29 21 27 26 18 Overweight Status2 Not Overweight 28 34 31 21 29 Overweight 31 15 26 22 28 Physical Activity5 Inactive -- -- 26 14 41 Insufficient -- -- 23 23 18 Recommended -- -- 32 24 38



Nutrition Overall Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported at

least two servings of fruit on an average day or at least three servings of vegetables on an average day.

Women’s Health (Figure 14; Tables 30 - 32) KEY FINDINGS: In 2014, 84% of female respondents 50 and older reported a mammogram within the past

two years. Eighty-eight percent of female respondents 65 and older had a bone density scan. Ninety-two percent of female respondents 18 to 65 years old reported a pap smear within the past three years. Fifty-seven percent of respondents 18 to 65 years old reported an HPV test within the past five years. Ninety-five percent of respondents reported they received a cervical cancer test in the time frame recommended (18 to 29 years old: pap smear within past three years; 30 to 65 years old: pap smear and HPV test within past five years or pap smear only within past three years).

From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents 50 and older who reported having a mammogram within the past two years. From 2005 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents 65 and older who reported a bone density scan. From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents 18 to 65 years old who reported having a pap smear within the past three years.

69% 61% 64%

58% 66%

29% 23%

28% 22%

29%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2003 2005 2008 2011 2014

Figure 13. Fruit and Vegetable Consumption on an Average Day

Fruit (Two or more servings)

Vegetable (Three or moreservings)


Mammogram Routine screening for breast cancer every one to two years with mammography is recommended for women 50 to 74 years old.2 In 2012, 82% of Wisconsin women and 77% of U.S. women 50 and older reported a mammogram within the past two years (2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance). 2014 Findings • Eighty-four percent of female respondents 50 and older had a mammogram within the past two years.

• No demographic comparisons were conducted as a result of the number of women who were asked this

question. Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported

having a mammogram within the past two years.

• No demographic comparisons were conducted between years as a result of the number of women who were asked this question.

Bone Density Scan 2014 Findings • Eighty-eight percent of the 40 female respondents 65 and older had a bone density scan to determine if they

are at risk for fractures or are in the early stages of osteoporosis. • No demographic comparisons were conducted as a result of the number of women who were asked this

question.

Year Comparisons • From 2005 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents who reported

having a bone density scan. • No demographic comparisons were conducted between years as a result of the number of women who were

asked this question.

2“Screening for Breast Cancer.” U.S. Preventive Services Task Force: The Guide to Clinical Preventive Services, 2009. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2009.


Pap Smear The Healthy People 2020 goal for women 21 to 65 years old having a pap test within the past three years is 93%. (Objective C-15) In 2010, 85% of Wisconsin women and 81% of U.S. women 18 and older reported a pap smear within the past three years (2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance). 2014 Findings • A total of 92% of respondents 18 to 65 years old with a cervix reported they had a pap smear within the

past three years.

• There were no statistically significant differences between demographic variables and responses of a pap smear within the past three years.

Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported a pap

smear within the past three years.

• In 2008, respondents 30 to 65 years old were more likely to report a pap smear within the past three years. In all other study years, age was not a significant variable.

• In 2008 and 2011, respondents with a college education were more likely to report a pap smear within the

past three years. In all other study years, education was not a significant variable. • In 2005, 2008 and 2011, respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to

report a pap smear within the past three years. In 2003 and 2014, household income was not a significant variable.

• In 2003 and 2008, married respondents were more likely to report a pap smear within the past three years.

In all other study years, marital status was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of unmarried respondents reporting a pap smear within the past three years.


Table 30. Pap Smear Within Past Three Years by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year (Respondents 18 to 65 Years Old and With a Cervix)

2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 TOTAL 86% 91% 90% 83% 92% Age3 18 to 29 81 96 66 90 88 30 to 65 88 91 97 81 93 Education3,4 Some Post High School or Less 84 89 85 78 91

College Graduate 92 97 98 92 94 Household Income2,3,4 Bottom 60 Percent Bracket 82 93 83 73 89 Top 40 Percent Bracket 90 100 100 93 95 Marital Status1,3 Married 92 94 97 87 94 Not Marrieda 69 86 73 75 89

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2003; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2005; 3demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2008; 4demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 5demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2003 to 2014 HPV Test An HPV test is a test for the human papillomavirus in the cervix and is sometimes done at the same time as a pap smear. 2014 Findings • A total of 57% of respondents 18 to 65 years old reported they had an HPV test within the past five years.

• Eighty-four percent of respondents 18 to 29 years old reported they had an HPV test within the past five

years compared to 50% of respondents 30 to 65 years old.


Table 31. HPV Test Within Past 5 Years by Demographic Variables for 2014 (Respondents 18 to 65 Years Old)

2014 TOTAL 57% Age1 18 to 29 84 30 to 65 50 Education Some Post High School or Less 53

College Graduate 63 Household Income Bottom 60 Percent Bracket 58 Top 40 Percent Bracket 55 Marital Status Married 57 Not Married 56

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 Cervical Cancer Screening Recommended Time Frame Routine screening for cervical cancer in women 21 to 65 years old with a pap smear every three years is recommended. For women 30 to 65 years old who want to lengthen the screening interval, a pap smear in combination with an HPV test every five years is recommended.3 2014 Findings • Ninety-five percent of respondents 18 to 65 years old reported a cervical cancer screen within the

recommended time frame (pap smear every 3 years for ages 18 to 29 years old; pap smear and HPV test every 5 years or pap smear only every 3 years for ages 30 to 65 years old).

• Ninety-seven percent of respondents 30 to 65 years old met the recommendation compared to 88% of respondents 18 to 29 years old.

• Married respondents were more likely to meet the recommendation compared to unmarried respondents

(98% and 89%, respectively).

3“Screening for Cervical Cancer.” U.S. Preventive Services Task Force: The Guide to Clinical Preventive Services, 2012. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2012.


Table 32. Cervical Cancer Screening in Recommended Time Frame by Demographic Variables for 2014 (Respondents 18 to 65 Years Old),

2014 TOTAL 95% Age1 18 to 29 88 30 to 65 97 Education Some Post High School or Less 92

College Graduate 98 Household Income Bottom 60 Percent Bracket 92 Top 40 Percent Bracket 98 Marital Status1 Married 98 Not Married 89

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014

Women’s Health Tests Overall Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents 50 and older who

reported having a mammogram within the past two years. From 2005 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents 65 and older who reported a bone density scan. From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents 18 to 65 years old who reported having a pap smear within the past three years.

*Recommended time frame: pap smear every 3 years for ages 18 to 29 years old; pap smear and HPV test every 5 years or pap smear only every 3 years for ages 30 to 65 years old.

85% 75% 85%

76% 84%

59%

78% 78%

88% 86% 91% 90%

83% 92%

57%

95%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2003 2005 2008 2011 2014

Figure 14. Women's Health Tests

Mammogram - within past 2 yrs. (50and older)Bone Density Scan (65 and older)

Pap Smear - within past 3 yrs. (18 to 65yrs. old)HPV Test - within past 5 yrs. (18 to 65yrs. old)Met Cervical Cancer ScreeningRecommendation*


Colorectal Cancer Screening (Figure 15; Tables 33 - 36) KEY FINDINGS: In 2014, 9% of respondents 50 and older reported a blood stool test within the past year.

Nine percent of respondents 50 and older reported a sigmoidoscopy within the past five years while 72% reported a colonoscopy within the past ten years. This results in 74% of respondents meeting the current colorectal cancer screening recommendations.

From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents who reported a blood stool test within the past year. From 2008 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported a sigmoidoscopy within the past five years or a colonoscopy within the past ten years. From 2008 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported at least one of these tests in the recommended time frame.

Blood Stool Test 2014 Findings • Nine percent of respondents 50 and older had a blood stool test within the past year. Forty-eight percent

reported never while 7% were not sure. • There were no statistically significant differences between demographic variables and responses of a blood

stool test within the past year. Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents who reported a

blood stool test within the past year. • Gender was not a significant variable in any study year. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in

the percent of respondents across gender reporting a blood stool test within the past year. • Education was not a significant variable in any study year. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted decrease

in the percent of respondents across education reporting a blood stool test within the past year. • Household income was not a significant variable in any study year. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted

decrease in the percent of respondents across household income reporting a blood stool test within the past year.


decrease in the percent of respondents across marital status reporting a blood stool test within the past year.


Table 33. Blood Stool Test Within Past Year by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year (Respondents 50 and Older)

2003 2005 2011 2014 TOTALa 38% 26% 15% 9% Gender Malea 35 28 12 11 Femalea 39 25 17 6 Education Some Post High School or Lessa 36 28 14 7

College Graduatea 43 21 16 12 Household Income Bottom 60 Percent Bracketa 32 30 16 8 Top 40 Percent Bracketa 45 22 14 9 Marital Status Marrieda 36 30 16 10 Not Marrieda 42 22 13 7

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2003; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2005 3demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 4demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2003 to 2014 Sigmoidoscopy A colonoscopy is recommended every 10 years for persons 50 and older while a flexible sigmoidoscopy is recommended more often.4 2014 Findings • Nine percent of respondents 50 and older reported their last sigmoidoscopy was within the past five years.

Seventy-four percent reported never. • There were no statistically significant differences between demographic variables and responses of a

sigmoidoscopy within the past five years. Year Comparisons In 2003 and 2005, sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy were combined as one question and cannot be compared to more recent data. • From 2008 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents 50 and older who

reported a sigmoidoscopy within the past five years. • There were no statistically significant differences between and within demographic variables and responses

of reporting a sigmoidoscopy within the past five years in all study years. 4“Screening for Colorectal Cancer.” U.S. Preventive Services Task Force: The Guide to Clinical Preventive Services, 2005. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2005. Pages 32 - 35.


Table 34. Sigmoidoscopy Within Past Five Years by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year (Respondents 50 and Older)

2008 2011 2014 TOTAL 15% 10% 9% Gender Male 17 12 10 Female 13 9 8 Education Some Post High School or Less 16 9 10

College Graduate 10 14 8 Household Income Bottom 60 Percent Bracket 15 10 9 Top 40 Percent Bracket 13 12 9 Marital Status Married 15 10 7 Not Married 13 12 12

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2008; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011 3demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2008 to 2014 Colonoscopy A colonoscopy is recommended every 10 years for persons 50 and older while a flexible sigmoidoscopy is recommended more often.5 2014 Findings • Seventy-two percent of respondents 50 and older had a colonoscopy within the past ten years. Twenty-two

percent reported never. • Seventy-seven percent of respondents in the bottom 60 percent household income bracket reported a

colonoscopy within the past ten years compared to 61% of respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket.

5“Screening for Colorectal Cancer.” U.S. Preventive Services Task Force: The Guide to Clinical Preventive Services, 2005. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2005. Pages 32 - 35.


Year Comparisons In 2003 and 2005, sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy were combined as one question and cannot be compared to more recent data. • From 2008 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents 50 and older who

reported a colonoscopy within the past ten years.

• In 2011, respondents with a college education were more likely to report a colonoscopy within the past ten years. In 2008 and 2014, education was not a significant variable. From 2008 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents with some post high school education or less reporting a colonoscopy within the past ten years.

• In 2014, respondents in the bottom 60 percent household income bracket were more likely to report a

colonoscopy in the past ten years, with a noted increase since 2008. In 2008 and 2011, household income was not a significant variable.

Table 35. Colonoscopy Within Past Ten Years by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year (Respondents

50 and Older) 2008 2011 2014 TOTAL 64% 69% 72% Gender Male 59 73 69 Female 68 66 75 Education2 Some Post High School or Lessa 59 65 73

College Graduate 74 82 67 Household Income3 Bottom 60 Percent Bracketa 56 69 77 Top 40 Percent Bracket 66 67 61 Marital Status Married 63 65 73 Not Married 64 77 70

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2008; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011 3demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2008 to 2014


Colorectal Cancer Screening Recommendation Met The Healthy People 2020 goal for meeting the colorectal cancer screening recommendation is 71%. (Objective C-16) 2014 Findings • Seventy-four percent of respondents 50 and older had one of the three tests in the time frame recommended

(blood stool test within the past year, sigmoidoscopy within the past five years, or colonoscopy within the past 10 years).

• There were no statistically significant differences between demographic variables and responses of a

colorectal cancer screen in the recommended time frame. Year Comparisons • From 2008 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents 50 and older who

reported a colorectal cancer screen in the recommended time frame.

• Education was not a significant variable in any study year. From 2008 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents with some post high school education or less reporting a colorectal cancer screen in the recommended time frame.

• Household income was not a significant variable in any study year. From 2008 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents in the bottom 60 percent household income bracket reporting a colorectal cancer screen in the recommended time frame.

Table 36. Colorectal Cancer Screening in Recommended Time Frame by Demographic Variables for Each

Survey Year (Respondents 50 and Older) , 2008 2011 2014 TOTAL 69% 74% 74% Gender Male 68 78 72 Female 70 70 77 Education Some Post High School or Lessa 64 70 76

College Graduate 79 84 69 Household Income Bottom 60 Percent Bracketa 61 73 78 Top 40 Percent Bracket 75 71 66 Marital Status Married 68 70 78 Not Married 69 80 71

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. In 2008, blood stool test was not asked. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2008; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011 3demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2008 to 2014


Colorectal Cancer Screenings Overall Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents who reported a

blood stool test within the past year. From 2008 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported a sigmoidoscopy within the past five years or a colonoscopy within the past ten years. From 2008 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported at least one of these tests in the recommended time frame.

*In 2008, blood stool test was not asked. Tobacco Cigarette Use (Figures 16 & 17; Table 37) KEY FINDINGS: In 2014, 20% of respondents were current tobacco cigarette smokers; respondents who

were 35 to 44 years old, with a high school education or less, in the bottom 60 percent household income bracket or unmarried were more likely to be a smoker. In the past 12 months, 50% of current smokers quit smoking for one day or longer because they were trying to quit. Seventy-eight percent of current smokers who saw a health professional in the past year reported the professional advised them to quit smoking.

From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who were current tobacco cigarette smokers. From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of current smokers who reported they quit smoking for one day or longer in the past 12 months because they were trying to quit. From 2005 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of current smokers who reported their health professional advised them to quit smoking.

69% 74% 74%

64% 69%

72%

15% 10%

9%

38%

26%

15%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2003 2005 2008 2011 2014

Figure 15. Colorectal Cancer Screenings (Respondents 50 and Older) At Least One Test

within RecommendedTime Frame

Colonoscopy (withinpast 10 yrs.)

Sigmoidoscopy (withinpast 5 yrs.)

Blood Stool Test (pastyear)*


Current Tobacco Cigarette Smokers The Healthy People 2020 goal for adult smoking is 12%. (Objective TU-1.1) In 2012, 20% of Wisconsin respondents were current smokers while 20% of U.S. respondents were current smokers (2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance). 2014 Findings • Twenty percent of respondents were current tobacco cigarette smokers; 4% smoked some days and 16%

smoked every day in the past month. • Forty-one percent of respondents 35 to 44 years old reported they were a current smoker compared to 12%

of those 55 to 64 years old or 6% of respondents 65 and older.

• Thirty-two percent of respondents with a high school education or less reported they were a current smoker compared to 21% of those with some post high school education or 3% of respondents with a college education.

• Thirty percent of respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket and 28% of those in the

bottom 40 percent income bracket reported they were a current smoker compared to 12% of respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket.

• Unmarried respondents were more likely to be a current smoker compared to married respondents (25% and 16%, respectively).

Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who were current

tobacco cigarette smokers. • In 2003, respondents who were 18 to 34 years old or 55 to 64 years old were more likely to report they

were a current smoker. In 2005 and 2008, respondents 18 to 34 years old were more likely to report they were a current smoker. In 2011, respondents 18 to 44 years old were more likely to report they were a current smoker. In 2014, respondents 35 to 44 years old were more likely to report they were a current smoker, with a noted increase since 2003.

• In 2003, respondents with some post high school education were more likely to be a current smoker. In

2005, 2008 and 2014, respondents with a high school education or less were more likely to be a current smoker. In 2011, respondents with some post high school education or less were more likely to be a current smoker. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents with a high school education or less and a noted decrease in the percent of respondents with a college education who were current smokers.

• In 2008, 2011 and 2014, respondents in the bottom 60 percent household income bracket were more likely

to be a current smoker. In all other study years, household income was not a significant variable. • In 2008 and 2014, unmarried respondents were more likely to report they were a current smoker. In all

other study years, marital status was not a significant variable.


Table 37. Current Tobacco Cigarette Smokers by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year 2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 TOTAL 17% 20% 17% 17% 20% Gender Male 18 21 18 14 23 Female 16 18 17 20 17 Age1,2,3,4,5 18 to 34 23 27 32 23 13 35 to 44a 15 17 5 24 41 45 to 54 17 23 22 17 27 55 to 64 22 20 17 13 12 65 and Older 4 8 5 6 6 Education1,2,3,4,5 High School or Lessa 19 27 27 23 32 Some Post High School 23 17 18 21 21

College Graduatea 9 13 9 5 3 Household Income3,4,5 Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 19 24 28 23 28 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 21 15 26 25 30 Top 40 Percent Bracket 15 16 7 8 12 Marital Status3,5 Married 16 18 13 14 16 Not Married 21 23 26 21 25



Tobacco Cigarette Use Overall Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who were current

tobacco cigarette smokers.

Quit Smoking for at Least One Day in Past 12 Months as a Result of Trying to Quit The Healthy People 2020 goal for current smokers to have tried quitting for at least one day is 80%. (Objective TU-4.1) In 2005, 49% of Wisconsin respondents reported they quit smoking for at least one day because they were trying to quit while 56% of U.S. respondents reported a cessation attempt for at least one day (2005 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance). 2014 Findings

Of current tobacco cigarette smokers…

o Fifty percent of the 80 current smokers reported they quit smoking for one day or longer in the past year because they were trying to quit.

o No demographic comparisons were conducted as a result of the low percent of respondents who

were asked this question. Year Comparisons

o From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported they quit smoking for one day or longer because they were trying to quit.

o No demographic comparisons between years were conducted as a result of the low percent of

respondents who were asked this question.

17% 20% 17% 17% 20%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2003 2005 2008 2011 2014

Figure 16. Current Tobacco Cigarette Smokers (Past 30 Days)


Doctor, Nurse or Other Health Professional Advised Respondent to Quit 2014 Findings

Of current smokers who have seen a health professional in the past 12 months…

o Seventy-eight percent of the 58 current smokers who have seen a health professional in the past 12 months reported their health professional advised them to quit smoking.

o No demographic comparisons were conducted as a result of the low percent of respondents who

were asked this question. Year Comparisons

o From 2005 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who

reported their health professional advised them to quit smoking. o No demographic comparisons were conducted between years as a result of the low percent of

respondents who were asked this question. Smoking Cessation Overall Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of current tobacco cigarette

smokers who reported they quit smoking for one day or longer in the past 12 months because they were trying to quit. From 2005 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of current smokers who reported their health professional advised them to quit smoking.

Figure 17. Smoking Cessation in Past 12 Months(Current Smokers)

78%77%81%

67%

50%

62%62%

51%51%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2003 2005 2008 2011 2014

Health Care Professional AdvisedRespondent to Q uitQ uit Smoking for at Least 1 Day


Exposure to Cigarette Smoke (Figures 18 & 19; Tables 38 & 39) KEY FINDINGS: In 2014, 83% of respondents reported smoking is not allowed anywhere inside the home.

Respondents who were in the top 40 percent household income bracket, married, nonsmokers or in households with children were more likely to report smoking is not allowed anywhere inside the home. Nine percent of nonsmoking respondents reported they were exposed to second-hand smoke in the past seven days; respondents 45 to 54 years old, with a high school education or less, or unmarried respondents were more likely to report this.

From 2008 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported smoking is not allowed anywhere inside the home. From 2008 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents who reported they were exposed to second-hand smoke in the past seven days.

Smoking Policy Inside Home In 2003, 75% of Wisconsin respondents reported smoking is prohibited in their home (2003 Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey). In 2006-2007, 79% of U.S. respondents reported smoking is prohibited in their home (2006-2007 Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey). 2014 Findings • Eighty-three percent of respondents reported smoking is not allowed anywhere inside the home while 5%

reported smoking is allowed in some places or at some times. Two percent reported smoking is allowed anywhere inside the home. Ten percent of respondents reported there are no rules about smoking inside the home.

Figure 18. Smoking Policy Inside Home for 2014

Not Allowed Anywhere83%

Allowed Anywhere2%

Allowed Some Places/Some Times

5%

No Rules About Smoking

10%Not Sure<1%

• Ninety-one percent of respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket reported smoking is not

allowed in the home compared to 74% of respondents in the bottom 60 percent household income bracket.

• Married respondents were more likely to report smoking is not allowed in the home compared to unmarried respondents (89% and 76%, respectively).


• Eighty-nine percent of nonsmokers reported smoking is not allowed in the home compared to 59% of smokers.

• Respondents in households with children were more likely to report smoking is not allowed in the home

(90%) compared to respondents in households without children (79%). Year Comparisons • From 2008 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported

smoking is not allowed anywhere inside the home.

• In 2014, respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report smoking is not allowed in the home, with a noted increase since 2008. In 2008 and 2011, household income was not a significant variable.

• In 2008 and 2014, married respondents were more likely to report smoking is not allowed in the home. In

2011, marital status was not a significant variable. • In all study years, nonsmokers were more likely to report smoking is not allowed in the home. • In all study years, respondents in households with children were more likely to report smoking is not

allowed in the home. Table 38. Smoking Not Allowed in Home by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year 2008 2011 2014 TOTAL 81% 80% 83% Household Income3 Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 71 75 74 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 84 88 74 Top 40 Percent Bracketa 80 82 91 Marital Status1,3 Married 87 82 89 Not Married 68 75 76 Smoking Status1,2,3 Nonsmoker 86 85 89 Smoker 56 51 59 Children in Household1,2,3 Yes 87 86 90 No 76 76 79



Exposure to Second-Hand Smoke in Past Seven Days (Nonsmokers) The Healthy People 2020 goal for nonsmokers exposed to second-hand smoke is 34%. (Objective TU-11.3) 2014 Findings Of 317 nonsmoking respondents… • Nine percent of nonsmoking respondents reported they were exposed to second-hand smoke on at least one

day in the past seven days while they rode in a car or were in the same room with a person who was smoking.

• Respondents 45 to 54 years old were more likely to report second-hand smoke exposure (18%) compared

to those 65 and older (4%) or respondents 55 to 64 years old (2%).

• Sixteen percent of respondents with a high school education or less reported second-hand smoke exposure compared to 7% of those with some post high school education or 5% of respondents with a college education.

• Unmarried respondents were more likely to report second-hand smoke exposure compared to married

respondents (14% and 6%, respectively).

Year Comparisons • From 2008 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of nonsmoking respondents who

reported exposure to second-hand smoke in the past seven days. • Gender was not a significant variable in any study year. From 2008 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in

the percent of respondents across gender reporting exposure to second-hand smoke. • In 2008, respondents 18 to 34 years old were more likely to report second-hand smoke exposure. In 2011,

respondents 55 to 64 years old were more likely to report second-hand smoke exposure. In 2014, respondents 45 to 54 years old were more likely to report second-hand smoke exposure. From 2008 to 2011, there was a noted decrease in the percent of respondents who were 18 to 44 years old or 55 to 64 years old reporting exposure.

• In 2014, respondents with a high school education or less were more likely to report second-hand smoke exposure. In all other study years, education was not a significant variable. From 2008 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of respondents across education reporting second-hand smoke exposure.

• Household income was not a significant variable in any study year. From 2008 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket and top 40 percent household income bracket reporting second-hand smoke exposure.

• In 2008 and 2014, unmarried respondents were more likely to report second-hand smoke exposure. In 2011, marital status was not a significant variable. From 2008 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of respondents across marital status reporting second-hand smoke exposure.


Table 39. Nonsmokers Exposed to Second-Hand Smoke in the Past Seven Days by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year

2008 2011 2014 TOTALa 28% 16% 9% Gender Malea 26 16 9 Femalea 30 17 10 Age1,2,3 18 to 34a 53 19 14 35 to 44a 19 21 5 45 to 54 25 11 18 55 to 64a 30 26 2 65 and Older 14 7 4 Education3 High School or Lessa 29 16 16 Some Post High Schoola 33 19 7

College Graduatea 22 13 5 Household Income Bottom 40 Percent Bracketa 34 24 8 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 22 16 13 Top 40 Percent Bracketa 30 16 7 Marital Status1,3 Marrieda 25 15 6 Not Marrieda 37 18 14



Exposure to Cigarette Smoke Overall Year Comparisons • From 2008 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported

smoking is not allowed anywhere inside the home. From 2008 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents who reported they were exposed to second-hand smoke in the past seven days.

Other Tobacco Products (Table 40) KEY FINDINGS: In 2014, 8% of respondents used smokeless tobacco; respondents who were male, 35 to 44

years old, with a high school education or less, or in the middle 20 percent household income bracket were more likely to use smokeless tobacco. Five percent of respondents used electronic cigarettes; respondents who were female or in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to use electronic cigarettes. Four percent of respondents used cigars, cigarillos or little cigars; respondents who were male or in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report this.

Smokeless Tobacco 2014 Findings • Eight percent of respondents used smokeless tobacco.

• Male respondents were more likely to use smokeless tobacco (14%) compared to female respondents (1%). • Respondents 35 to 44 years old were more likely to use smokeless tobacco (14%) compared to those 18 to

34 years old (10%) or respondents 55 and older (0%).

• Respondents with a high school education or less were more likely to use smokeless tobacco (13%) compared to those with some post high school education (7%) or respondents with a college education (2%).

Figure 19. Exposure to Cigarette Smoke

83%80%81%

9%16%

28%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2008 2011 2014

Smoking Not Allowed in Home

Nonsmokers Exposed to Second-Hand Smoke (past 7 days)


• Respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket were more likely to use smokeless tobacco (21%) compared to those in the bottom 40 percent income bracket (7%) or respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket (4%).

Electronic Cigarettes 2014 Findings • Five percent of respondents used electronic cigarettes. • Female respondents were more likely to use electronic cigarettes compared to male respondents (7% and

3%, respectively).

• Eleven percent of respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket reported the use of electronic cigarettes in the past month compared to 4% of those in the top 40 percent income bracket or 2% of respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket.

Cigars, Cigarillos or Little Cigars 2014 Findings • Four percent of respondents used cigars, cigarillos or little cigars.

• Male respondents were more likely to use cigars, cigarillos or little cigars compared to female respondents

(6% and 2%, respectively). • Ten percent of respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket reported the use of cigars,

cigarillos or little cigars in the past month compared to 4% of those in the top 40 percent income bracket or 0% of respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket.


Table 40. Other Tobacco Products by Demographic Variables for 2014

Smokeless Tobacco

Electronic Cigarettes

Cigars, Cigarillos or Little Cigars

TOTAL 8% 5% 4% Gender Male 141 31 61 Female 11 71 21 Age 18 to 34 101 5 2 35 to 44 141 9 9 45 to 54 111 5 4 55 to 64 01 4 4 65 and Older 01 1 1 Education High School or Less 131 4 4 Some Post High School 71 7 8

College Graduate 21 5 2 Household Income Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 71 111 101 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 211 21 01 Top 40 Percent Bracket 41 41 41 Marital Status Married 6 3 4 Not Married 9 7 5

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 Alcohol Use (Figure 20; Tables 41 & 42) KEY FINDINGS: In 2014, 39% of respondents were binge drinkers in the past month. Respondents who were

male, 18 to 34 years old, with a high school education or less or in the middle 20 percent household income bracket were more likely to have binged at least once in the past month. Three percent reported they had been a driver or a passenger when the driver perhaps had too much to drink.

From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents who reported binge drinking in the past month. From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported they were a driver or passenger in a vehicle when the driver perhaps had too much to drink in the past month.


Binge Drinking in Past Month Binge drinking definitions vary. Currently, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) defines binge drinking as four or more drinks per occasion for females and five or more drinks per occasion for males to account for weight and metabolism differences. Previously, the CDC defined binge drinking as five or more drinks at one time, regardless of gender. In 2014, Washington County defined binge drinking as four or more drinks for females and five or more drinks for males. The Healthy People 2020 goal for adult binge drinking (5 or more drinks) is 24%. (Objective SA-14.3) In 2012, 25% of Wisconsin respondents reported binge drinking in the past month (females having four or more drinks on one occasion, males having five or more drinks on one occasion). Seventeen percent of U.S. respondents reported binge drinking in the past month (2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance). 2014 Findings • Thirty-nine percent of all respondents binged in the past month (four or more drinks for females and five or

more drinks for males).

• Male respondents were more likely to have binged in the past month compared to female respondents (56% and 22%, respectively).

• Respondents 18 to 34 years old were more likely to have binged in the past month (53%) compared to

those 55 to 64 years old (26%) or respondents 65 and older (20%).

• Forty-seven percent of respondents with a high school education or less binged in the past month compared to 39% of those with some post high school education or 29% of respondents with a college education.

• Fifty-five percent of respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket binged in the past month compared to 40% of those in the top 40 percent income bracket or 28% of respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket.

Year Comparisons In 2003, 2011 and 2014, the Washington County Health Survey defined binge drinking as four or more drinks per occasion for females and five or more drinks per occasion for males. In 2005 and 2008, the definition was five or more drinks, regardless of gender. • From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents who binged. • In all study years, male respondents were more likely to have binged. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted

increase in the percent of respondents across gender reporting binge drinking. • In 2003, 2011 and 2014, respondents 18 to 34 years old were more likely to have binged. In 2005,

respondents 18 to 54 years old were more likely to have binged. In 2008, respondents 18 to 44 years old were more likely to have binged. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents across age reporting binge drinking.

• In 2011, respondents with some post high school education were more likely to have binged. In 2014,

respondents with a high school education or less were more likely to have binged. In all other study years, education was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents with some post high school education or less reporting binge drinking.


• In 2005, respondents in the top 60 percent household income bracket were more likely to have binged. In 2011, respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to have binged. In 2014, respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket were more likely to have binged. In all other study years, household income was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents in the top 60 percent household income bracket reporting binge drinking.

• In 2003, unmarried respondents were more likely to have binged. In all other study years, marital status

was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents across gender reporting binge drinking.

Table 41. Binge Drinking in Past Month by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year, 2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 TOTALa 19% 21% 29% 33% 39% Gender1,2,3,4,5 Malea 23 34 39 46 56 Femalea 15 10 19 19 22 Age1,2,3,4,5 18 to 34a 33 24 38 53 53 35 to 44a 20 26 38 39 47 45 to 54a 16 23 27 33 43 55 to 64a 2 19 19 25 26 65 and Oldera 6 5 7 4 20 Education4,5 High School or Lessa 18 19 20 32 47 Some Post High Schoola 16 16 33 44 39

College Graduate 21 27 29 19 29 Household Income2,4,5 Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 19 11 22 26 28 Middle 20 Percent Bracketa 17 24 29 32 55 Top 40 Percent Bracketa 21 24 26 43 40 Marital Status1 Marrieda 16 24 28 32 35 Not Marrieda 24 17 29 33 44

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. In 2003, 2011 and 2014, “4 or more drinks on an occasion” for females and “5 or more drinks on an occasion” for males was used; in all other study years, “5 or more drinks on an occasion” was used for both males and females. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2003; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2005; 3demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2008; 4demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 5demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2003 to 2014


Driver or Passenger in Vehicle When Driver Perhaps Had Too Much to Drink in Past Month 2014 Findings • Three percent of respondents reported in the past month they were a driver or passenger in a vehicle when

the driver perhaps had too much alcohol to drink. • No demographic comparisons were conducted as a result of the low percent of respondents who reported

they were a driver or passenger in a vehicle when the driver perhaps had too much alcohol to drink. Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported they

were a driver or passenger in a vehicle when the driver perhaps had too much to drink.

• In 2003, male respondents were more likely to report they were a driver or passenger in a vehicle when the driver perhaps had too much alcohol to drink. In 2005, gender was not a significant variable.

• In 2005, respondents with a high school education or less were more likely to report they were a driver or

passenger in a vehicle when the driver perhaps had too much alcohol to drink. In 2003, education was not a significant variable.

• In 2003, respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket were more likely to report they

were a driver or passenger in a vehicle when the driver perhaps had too much alcohol to drink. In 2005, respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report this.

• In 2005, unmarried respondents were more likely to report they were a driver or passenger in a vehicle

when the driver perhaps had too much alcohol to drink. In 2003, marital status was not a significant variable.


Table 42. Driver or Passenger in Vehicle When Driver Perhaps Had Too Much to Drink by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year

2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 TOTAL 5% 5% 3% 3% 3% Gender1 Male 7 6 -- -- -- Female 2 3 -- -- -- Age 18 to 34 8 7 -- -- -- 35 to 44 6 5 -- -- -- 45 to 54 2 5 -- -- -- 55 to 64 0 4 -- -- -- 65 and Older 0 2 -- -- -- Education2 High School or Less 4 8 -- -- -- Some Post High School 8 4 -- -- --

College Graduate 2 1 -- -- -- Household Income1,2 Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 5 8 -- -- -- Middle 20 Percent Bracket 10 2 -- -- -- Top 40 Percent Bracket 1 2 -- -- -- Marital Status2 Married 3 2 -- -- -- Not Married 6 9 -- -- --



Alcohol Use Overall Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents who reported binge

drinking in the past month. From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported they were a driver or passenger in a vehicle when the driver perhaps had too much to drink in the past month.

*In 2003, 2011 and 2014, “4 or more drinks on an occasion” for females and “5 or more drinks on an occasion” for males was used; in all other study years, “5 or more drinks on an occasion” was used for both males and females. Household Problems (Figure 21; Table 43) KEY FINDINGS: In 2014, 1% of respondents reported someone in their household experienced a problem,

such as legal, social, personal or physical in connection with drinking alcohol in the past year. Three percent of respondents reported someone in their household experienced a problem with the misuse of prescription drugs/over-the-counter drugs. Two percent of respondents reported someone in their household experienced a problem with marijuana. Less than one percent of respondents reported a household problem in connection with cocaine, heroin or other street drugs. Zero percent of respondents reported someone in their household experienced a problem in connection with gambling.

From 2005 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents reporting they, or someone in their household, experienced some kind of problem, such as legal, social, personal or physical in connection with drinking alcohol in the past year. From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents reporting a problem with the misuse of prescription drugs/over-the-counter drugs. From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents reporting a problem with gambling. From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents reporting a household problem with marijuana, or with cocaine/heroin/other street drugs in the past year.

19% 21%

29% 33%

39%

5% 5% 3% 3% 3%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2003 2005 2008 2011 2014

Figure 20. Alcohol Use in Past Month

Binge Drinking*

Driver/Passenger When Driver Perhaps Had Too Much to Drink


Household Problem Associated with Alcohol in Past Year 2014 Findings • One percent of respondents reported they, or someone in their household, experienced some kind of

problem, such as legal, social, personal or physical, in connection with drinking alcohol in the past year. • No demographic comparisons were conducted as a result of the low percent of respondents who reported a

household problem in connection with drinking in the past year. Year Comparisons • From 2005 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents reporting they, or

someone in their household, experienced some kind of problem, such as legal, social, personal or physical in connection with drinking alcohol in the past year.

• There were no statistically significant differences within demographic variables and responses of reporting

they, or someone in their household, experienced some kind of problem in connection with drinking alcohol in 2005.

Table 43. Household Problem Associated with Alcohol in Past Year by Demographic Variables for Each

Survey Year 2005 2008 2011 2014 TOTALa 8% 3% 1% 1% Household Income Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 8 -- -- -- Middle 20 Percent Bracket 9 -- -- -- Top 40 Percent Bracket 9 -- -- -- Marital Status Married 8 -- -- -- Not Married 8 -- -- -- Children in Household Yes 9 -- -- -- No 8 -- -- --

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. Data is not shown as a result of insufficient statistical reliability due to the low percentage reporting this. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2005; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2008; 3demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 4demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014; ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2005 to 2014 Other Household Problems in Past Year 2014 Findings • Three percent of respondents reported someone in their household experienced some kind of problem with

the misuse of prescription drugs/over-the-counter drugs. Two percent of respondents reported someone in their household experienced a problem with marijuana. Less than one percent of respondents reported a


household problem in connection with cocaine, heroin or other street drugs. Zero percent of respondents reported someone in their household experienced some kind of problem with gambling in the past year.

• No demographic comparisons were conducted as a result of the low percent of respondents who reported a

problem in connection with any of the behaviors in the past year. Year Comparisons • From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents reporting they, or

someone in their household, experienced some kind of problem, with the misuse of prescription drugs/over-the-counter drugs in the past year. From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents reporting a problem with gambling in the past year. From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents reporting a household problem with marijuana or with cocaine/heroin/other street drugs in the past year.

• No demographic comparisons were conducted between years as a result of the low percent of respondents

reporting a household problem with these behaviors in both study years. Household Problems Overall Year Comparisons • From 2005 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents reporting they, or

someone in their household, experienced some kind of problem, such as legal, social, personal or physical in connection with drinking alcohol in the past year. From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents reporting a problem with the misuse of prescription drugs/over-the-counter drugs in the past year. From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents reporting a problem with gambling. From 2011 to 2014 there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents reporting a problem in connection with marijuana, or with cocaine/heroin/other street drugs in the past year.

8%

3%

1% 1%

2% 2%

<1% <1% 0%

3%

0% 0%

10%

20%

2005 2008 2011 2014

Figure 21. Household Problems in Past Year

Alcohol

Marijuana

Cocaine, Heroin or Other StreetDrugsMisuse of Prescription Drugs orOver-the-Counter DrugsGambling


Mental Health Status (Figures 22 & 23; Tables 44 - 46) KEY FINDINGS: In 2014, 6% of respondents reported they always or nearly always felt sad, blue or

depressed in the past 30 days; respondents with some post high school education or in the bottom 60 percent household income bracket were more likely to report this. Four percent of respondents felt so overwhelmed they considered suicide in the past year; respondents who were female or in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report this. Two percent of respondents reported they seldom or never find meaning and purpose in daily life.

From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported they always or nearly always felt sad, blue or depressed or they considered suicide in the past year. From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents who reported they seldom or never find meaning and purpose in daily life.

Felt Sad, Blue or Depressed 2014 Findings • Six percent of respondents reported they always or nearly always felt sad, blue or depressed in the past 30

days. This represents up to 12,320 residents. Nineteen percent reported sometimes and the remaining 75% reported seldom or never.

Figure 22. Felt Sad, Blue or Depressed in Past 30 Days for 2014

Always/Nearly Always6%

Sometimes19%

Never40%

Seldom35%

• Eleven percent of respondents with some post high school education reported they always or nearly always

felt sad, blue or depressed in the past 30 days compared to 6% of those with a high school education or less or 2% of respondents with a college education.

• Thirteen percent of respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket and 12% of those in the bottom 40 percent income bracket reported they always or nearly always felt sad, blue or depressed in the past 30 days compared to 1% of respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket.


Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported they

always or nearly always felt sad, blue or depressed.

• Age was not a significant variable in any study year. From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents 45 to 54 years old reporting they always or nearly always felt sad, blue or depressed.

• In 2003 and 2014, respondents with some post high school education were more likely to report they

always or nearly always felt sad, blue or depressed. In 2008, respondents with a high school education or less were more likely to report they always or nearly always felt sad, blue or depressed. In 2005, education was not a significant variable.

• In 2003 and 2014, respondents in the bottom 60 percent household income bracket were more likely to

report they always or nearly always felt sad, blue or depressed. In 2008, respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report they always or nearly always felt sad, blue or depressed. In 2005, household income was not a significant variable.

• In 2003 and 2008, unmarried respondents were more likely to report they always or nearly always felt sad,

blue or depressed. In 2005 and 2014, marital status was not a significant variable.


Table 44. Always/Nearly Always Felt Sad, Blue or Depressed in Past 30 Days by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year

2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 TOTAL 5% 4% 4% 3% 6% Gender Male 5 4 5 -- 5 Female 5 4 3 -- 7 Age 18 to 34 5 0 2 -- 9 35 to 44 5 6 3 -- 4 45 to 54a 2 5 9 -- 11 55 to 64 9 6 4 -- 4 65 and Older 8 3 3 -- 1 Education1,3,5 High School or Less 5 6 9 -- 6 Some Post High School 9 2 3 -- 11

College Graduate 2 4 <1 -- 2 Household Income1,3,5 Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 9 5 14 -- 12 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 8 4 5 -- 13 Top 40 Percent Bracket 2 3 0 -- 1 Marital Status1,3 Married 4 4 1 -- 6 Not Married 9 3 11 -- 6

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. Data is not shown as a result of insufficient statistical reliability due to the low percentage reporting this. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2003; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2005; 3demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2008; 4demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 5demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2003 to 2014 Considered Suicide All respondents were asked if they have felt so overwhelmed that they considered suicide in the past year. The survey did not ask how seriously, how often or how recently suicide was considered. 2014 Findings • Four percent of respondents reported they felt so overwhelmed in the past year that they considered suicide.

This represents up to 9,680 residents who may have considered suicide in the past year.

• Female respondents were more likely to report they felt so overwhelmed in the past year they considered suicide compared to male respondents (6% and less than one percent, respectively).


• Seven percent of respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket reported they considered suicide in the past year compared to 2% of those in the top 40 percent income bracket or 0% of respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket.


considered suicide in the past year. • In 2014, respondents who were female or in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket were more

likely to report they considered suicide. Table 45. Considered Suicide in the Past Year by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year 2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 TOTAL 3% 3% 3% 2% 4% Gender5 Male -- -- -- -- <1 Female -- -- -- -- 6 Age 18 to 34 -- -- -- -- 6 35 to 44 -- -- -- -- 4 45 to 54 -- -- -- -- 4 55 to 64 -- -- -- -- 0 65 and Older -- -- -- -- 0 Education High School or Less -- -- -- -- 3 Some Post High School -- -- -- -- 6

College Graduate -- -- -- -- 2 Household Income5 Bottom 40 Percent Bracket -- -- -- -- 7 Middle 20 Percent Bracket -- -- -- -- 0 Top 40 Percent Bracket -- -- -- -- 2 Marital Status Married -- -- -- -- 4 Not Married -- -- -- -- 3



Find Meaning and Purpose in Daily Life 2014 Findings • A total of 2% of respondents reported they seldom or never find meaning and purpose in daily life. Forty-

four percent of respondents reported they always find meaning and purpose while an additional 34% reported nearly always.

• No demographic comparisons were conducted as a result of the low percent of respondents who reported they seldom or never find meaning and purpose in daily life.

Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents who reported they

seldom or never find meaning and purpose in daily life. • In 2003, male respondents were more likely to report they seldom or never find meaning and purpose in

daily life. In 2008, gender was not a significant variable. • In 2003, respondents 18 to 34 years old or 55 to 64 years old were more likely to report they seldom or

never find meaning and purpose in daily life. In 2008, age was not a significant variable. • In 2003, respondents with some post high school education were more likely to report they seldom/never

find meaning and purpose in daily life. In 2008, respondents with a high school education or less were more likely to report they seldom/never find meaning and purpose in daily life.

• In 2003, respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report they

seldom/never find meaning and purpose in daily life. In 2008, household income was not a significant variable.

• In 2008, unmarried respondents were more likely to report they seldom/never find meaning and purpose in

daily life. In 2003, marital status was not a significant variable.


Table 46. Seldom/Never Find Meaning and Purpose in Daily Life by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year

2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 TOTALa 5% 3% 5% 3% 2% Gender1 Male 8 -- 7 -- -- Female 3 -- 3 -- -- Age1 18 to 34 9 -- 4 -- -- 35 to 44 2 -- 4 -- -- 45 to 54 1 -- 6 -- -- 55 to 64 11 -- 4 -- -- 65 and Older 6 -- 8 -- -- Education1,3 High School or Less 6 -- 14 -- -- Some Post High School 10 -- <1 -- --

College Graduate <1 -- 1 -- -- Household Income1 Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 9 -- 8 -- -- Middle 20 Percent Bracket 7 -- 8 -- -- Top 40 Percent Bracket 2 -- 2 -- -- Marital Status3 Married 4 -- 3 -- -- Not Married 9 -- 10 -- --



Mental Health Status Overall Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported they

always or nearly always felt sad, blue or depressed or they considered suicide in the past year. From 2003 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents who reported they seldom or never find meaning and purpose in daily life.

Personal Safety Issues (Figure 24; Tables 47 & 48) KEY FINDINGS: In 2014, 7% of respondents reported someone made them afraid for their personal safety in

the past year; respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket were more likely to report this. Two percent of respondents reported they had been pushed, kicked, slapped or hit in the past year. A total of 8% reported at least one of these two situations.

From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents reporting they were afraid for their personal safety or they were pushed, kicked, slapped or hit. From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents reporting at least one of the two personal safety issues.

Afraid for Personal Safety 2014 Findings • Seven percent of respondents reported someone made them afraid for their personal safety in the past year. • Ten percent of respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket reported someone made

them afraid in the past year compared to 7% of those in the bottom 40 percent income bracket or 3% of respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket.

5% 4% 4%

3% 6% 5%

2% 3% 3% 3% 2%

4%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

2003 2005 2008 2011 2014

Figure 23. Mental Health Status

Felt sad, blue, depressed always/nearly always (past30 days)

Find meaning & purpose in daily life seldom/never

Considered suicide (past year)


o Of the 28 respondents, an acquaintance was most often reported as the person who made them afraid (13 responses) followed by a stranger (7 responses) or brother/sister (4 responses).


were afraid for their personal safety. • In 2011, respondents 18 to 34 years old were more likely to report being afraid for their personal safety. In

all other study years, age was not a significant variable.

• Education was not a significant variable in any study year. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents with a college education reporting being afraid for their personal safety.

• In 2011, unmarried respondents were more likely to report being afraid for their personal safety. In all other

study years, marital status was not a significant variable. Table 47. Afraid for Personal Safety by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year

2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 TOTAL 4% 8% 4% 4% 7% Gender Male 4 8 3 4 7 Female 5 7 6 4 7 Age4 18 to 34 5 10 4 11 9 35 to 44 5 10 4 1 8 45 to 54 6 6 8 2 8 55 to 64 4 2 2 4 3 65 and Older 2 6 3 0 6 Education High School or Less 3 8 7 4 6 Some Post High School 7 7 4 3 6

College Graduatea 3 8 3 5 9 Household Income5 Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 6 11 6 6 7 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 7 7 0 0 10 Top 40 Percent Bracket 3 7 6 6 3 Marital Status4 Married 4 7 4 <1 5 Not Married 4 9 5 9 9 Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2003; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2005; 3demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2008; 4demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 5demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2003 to 2014


Pushed, Kicked, Slapped or Hit 2014 Findings • Two percent of respondents reported they were pushed, kicked, slapped or hit in the past year.

• No demographic comparisons were conducted as a result of the low percent of respondents who reported

they were pushed, kicked, slapped or hit in the past year.

o Of the 9 respondents, an acquaintance was most often mentioned as the person who pushed, kicked, slapped or hit them (3 respondents) followed by a child (2 respondents).


were pushed, kicked, slapped or hit. • No demographic comparisons were conducted between years as a result of the low percent of respondents

reporting they were pushed, kicked, slapped or hit each survey year.

Combined Personal Safety Issues 2014 Findings • A total of 8% of all respondents reported at least one of the two personal safety issues. • There were no statistically significant differences between demographic variables and reporting at least one

of the personal safety issues. Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported at

least one of the personal safety issues. • In 2008 and 2011, respondents 18 to 34 years old were more likely to report at least one of the personal

safety issues. In all other study years, age was not a significant variable. From 2003 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents 35 to 44 years old reporting at least one of the two issues.

• In 2011, unmarried respondents were more likely to report at least one of the personal safety issues. In all other study years, marital status was not a significant variable.


Table 48. At Least One of the Personal Safety Issues by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year 2003 2005 2008 2011 2014 TOTAL 5% 8% 7% 6% 8% Gender Male 5 8 7 6 8 Female 5 8 7 6 7 Age3,4 18 to 34 5 10 13 15 9 35 to 44a 5 10 4 3 13 45 to 54 10 7 8 3 8 55 to 64 4 4 2 4 4 65 and Older 2 6 3 0 6 Education High School or Less 4 8 11 6 6 Some Post High School 7 8 8 6 8

College Graduate 5 9 3 5 11 Household Income Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 6 13 8 6 7 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 7 8 5 6 10 Top 40 Percent Bracket 4 8 7 7 5 Marital Status4 Married 4 7 6 3 6 Not Married 6 9 9 10 10 Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2003; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2005; 3demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2008; 4demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 5demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2003 to 2014


Personal Safety Issues Overall Year Comparisons • From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents reporting they

were afraid for their personal safety or they were pushed, kicked, slapped or hit. From 2003 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents reporting at least one of the two personal safety issues.

Children in Household (Figure 25 & 26; Tables 49 – 51) KEY FINDINGS: In 2014, a random child was selected for the respondent to talk about the child’s health and

behavior. Ninety-nine percent of respondents reported they have one or more persons they think of as their child’s personal doctor or nurse, with 91% reporting their child visited their personal doctor or nurse for preventive care during the past 12 months. Nine percent of respondents reported there was a time in the last 12 months their child did not receive the dental care needed while less than one percent reported their child did not receive the medical care needed. Two percent reported their child was not able to visit a specialist they needed to see. Four percent of respondents reported their child currently had asthma. Zero percent of respondents reported their child was seldom or never safe in their community. Five percent of respondents with a child 2 years old or younger reported their child, as a baby, slept in a bed with a parent. Seventy-three percent of respondents reported their 5 to 17 year old child ate two or more servings of fruit on an average day while 30% reported three or more servings of vegetables. Eighty percent of respondents reported their 5 to 17 year old child was physically active five times a week for 60 minutes. Two percent of respondents reported their 8 to 17 year old child always or nearly always felt unhappy, sad or depressed in the past six months. Thirty-two percent reported their 8 to 17 year old child experienced some form of bullying; 30% reported verbal bullying, 13% physical bullying and 0% reported cyber bullying.

4% 4% 4% 7%

2% 2%

3% 3% 2%

5% 8% 7% 6%

8%

0%

20%

40%

2003 2005 2008 2011 2014

Figure 24. Personal Safety Issues in Past Year

Someone made you afraid for yourpersonal safety

Someone pushed, kicked, slapped orhit you

At least 1 of the 2 issues


From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the percent of respondents reporting their child has a personal doctor or nurse or their child visited their personal doctor for preventive care in the past year. From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents reporting their child needed medical care in the past 12 months, dental care in the past 12 months or their child needed to see a specialist but could not. From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported their child had asthma or their child was seldom/never safe in their community. From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents with a child 2 years old or younger who reported, as a baby, their child slept in a bed with an adult. From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported their 5 to 17 year old child ate two or more servings of fruit on an average day or their child ate three or more servings of vegetables. From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents who reported their 5 to 17 year old child was physically active five times a week for at least 60 minutes. From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported their 8 to 17 year old child always or nearly always felt unhappy, sad or depressed in the past six months. From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in overall percent of respondents who reported their 8 to 17 year old child was bullied.

Children in Household 2014 Findings • Eighty-two percent of respondents reported they have children under the age of 18 in their households for

whom they make the health care decisions. For this section, a random child was selected to discuss that particular child’s health and behavior.

• Seventy-eight percent of the children selected were 12 or younger. Fifty-four percent were boys. Of these

households, 27% were in the bottom 60 percent household income bracket and 86% were married. Child’s Personal Doctor 2014 Findings Of the 125 respondents who make health care decisions for their child… • Ninety-nine percent of respondents reported they have one or more persons they think of as their child’s

personal doctor or nurse who knows their child well and is familiar with their child’s health history. • There were no statistically significant differences between demographic variables and responses of their

child having a doctor or nurse who knows their child well. Year Comparisons • From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents reporting their

child has a personal doctor

• Gender of child was not a significant variable in either study year. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted increase across child’s gender reporting having a personal doctor.


• Age of child was not a significant variable in either study year. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted increase across child’s age reporting having a personal doctor.

• In 2011, respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report their child has a personal doctor. In 2014, household income was not a significant variable. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents in the bottom 60 percent household income bracket reporting having a personal doctor for their child.

Preventive Care with Child’s Personal Doctor 2014 Findings Of the 123 respondents with a child who has a personal doctor… • Of children who have a personal doctor, 91% reported their child visited their personal doctor/nurse for

preventive care during the past 12 months. • Respondents speaking on behalf of their 5 to 12 year old child were more likely to report their child went

for preventive care within the past 12 months (94%) compared to respondents of a child 13 to 17 years old (79%).

Year Comparisons • From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents reporting their

child saw their personal doctor in the past year for preventive care.

• In 2011, respondents who were talking on behalf of their daughter were more likely to report they went to their personal doctor for preventive care. In 2014, child’s gender was not a significant variable. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents who were talking on behalf of their son reporting their child visited their personal doctor for preventive care.

• In 2011 and 2014, respondents who were talking on behalf of their child who was 5 to 12 years old were more likely to report they went to their personal doctor for preventive care.

• In 2011, respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report their child

visited their personal doctor in the past year. In 2014, household income was not a significant variable. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents in the bottom 60 percent household income bracket reporting their child visited their personal doctor for preventive care in the past year.


Table 49. Child’s Personal Doctor/Nurse by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year

Have a Personal Doctor/Nurse

Preventive Care in Past Month (Of Children With

Personal Dr./Nurse) 2011 2014 2011 2014 TOTAL 84%a 99% a 82% a 91%a

Gender Boy 80a 99a 741,a 91a

Girl 90a 100a 911 90 Age 5 to 12 Years Old 83a 99a 921 942

13 to 17 Years Old 87a 100a 681 792

Household Income Bottom 60 Percent Bracket 741,a 97a 681,a 90a

Top 40 Percent Bracket 961 100 881 90 Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2011 to 2014 Child’s Unmet Care 2014 Findings Of the 125 respondents with a child… • Nine percent of respondents reported there was a time in the last 12 months their child did not get the

dental care needed. Less than one percent reported their child did not receive the medical care needed while 2% reported their child did not visit a specialist they needed to see.

• No demographic comparisons were conducted as a result of the number of respondents who reported each situation.

Year Comparisons • From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents reporting their

child needed medical care in the past 12 months, dental care in the past 12 months or their child needed to see a specialist but couldn’t.

• No demographic comparisons were conducted between years as a result of the number of respondents who reported each situation in both study years.


Unmet Care Overall • From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents reporting their

child needed medical care in the past 12 months, dental care in the past 12 months or their child needed to see a specialist but could not.

Child’s Asthma 2014 Findings Of the 125 respondents with a child… • Four percent of respondents reported they currently have asthma.

• No demographic comparisons were conducted as a result of the number of respondents who reported their

child has asthma. Year Comparisons • From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported their

child currently has asthma (6% and 4%, respectively).

• No demographic comparisons were conducted between years as a result of the number of respondents who reported their child has asthma in both study years.

7% 9%

<1% <1% 0% 2%

0%

20%

40%

2011 2014

Figure 25. Child's Unmet Needs in Past 12 Months

Dental Care Needed

Medical Care Needed

Specialist Care Needed


Child’s Safety in Community 2014 Findings Of the 125 respondents with a child… • Zero percent of respondents reported their child was seldom/never safe in their community or

neighborhood.

• No demographic comparisons were conducted as a result of the number of respondents who reported their child was seldom/never safe in their community.

Year Comparisons • From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported their

child was seldom/never safe (0% and 0%, respectively).

• No demographic comparisons were conducted between years as a result of the number of respondents who reported their child was seldom/never safe in their community.

Child’s Sleeping Arrangement 2014 Findings Of the 21 respondents with a child two years old or younger… • Eighty-six percent of respondents reported when their child was a baby, their child usually slept in a crib or

bassinette while 10% were in a Pack n’ Play. Five percent reported in the bed with the respondent or another person.

• No demographic comparisons were conducted as a result of the number of respondents who were asked this question.


child slept in bed with the respondent or another person when the child was a baby (0% and 5%, respectively).

• No demographic comparisons were conducted between years as a result of the number of respondents who were asked this question in both study years.

Child’s Nutrition and Exercise 2014 Findings Of the 80 respondents with a child 5 to 17 years old… • Seventy-three percent of respondents reported their 5 to 17 year old child ate two or more servings of fruit

on an average day while 30% reported their child ate three or more servings of vegetables. Eighty percent


of respondents reported their 5 to 17 year old child was physically active five times a week for at least 60 minutes each.

• Respondents were more likely to report their child 5 to 12 years old ate at least two servings of fruit a day. • Respondents in the bottom 60 percent household income bracket were more likely to report their child ate

at least three servings of vegetables.

o Of the 16 respondents who reported their child was not physically active five times a week for at least 60 minutes, five reported their child likes to play video games or on the computer while four reported their child just does not like to be physically active.


5 to 17 year old child ate two or more servings of fruit on an average day or their child ate three or more servings of vegetables. From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents who reported their child was physically active five times a week for at least 60 minutes.

• In 2011, respondents who reported about their son were more likely to report their child was physically active

five times a week for at least 60 minutes. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents reporting their daughter was physically active five times a week for at least 60 minutes.

• In both study years, respondents were more likely to report their 5 to 12 year old child ate at least two servings of fruit a day. In 2011, respondents were more likely to report their 5 to 12 year old child was physically active five times a week for at least 60 minutes.

• In 2014, respondents in the bottom 60 percent household income bracket were more likely to report their

child ate vegetables at least three times a day, with a noted increase since 2011.

Table 50. Child’s Nutrition and Exercise by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year (Children 5 to 17 Years Old)

Fruit (2 or More Servings)

Vegetables (3 or More Servings)

Physically Active (5x/Week/60 Min)

2011 2014 2011 2014 2011 2014 TOTAL 71% 73% 21% 30% 63%a 80%a Gender Boy 77 74 22 27 721 84 Girl 65 71 19 35 521,a 74a

Age 5 to 12 Years Old 891 902 19 35 741 82 13 to 17 Years Old 561 392 22 22 541 75 Household Income Bottom 60 Percent Bracket 65 78 23a 482,a 65 87 Top 40 Percent Bracket 75 69 19 212 62 75

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014; ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2011 to 2014


Child’s Emotional Well-Being 2014 Findings Of the 57 respondents with a child 8 to 17 years old… • Two percent of respondents reported their 8 to 17 year old child always or nearly always felt unhappy, sad

or depressed in the past six months.

• No demographic comparisons were conducted as a result of the number of respondents who reported their child always or nearly always felt unhappy, sad or depressed in the past six months.


child always or nearly always felt unhappy, sad or depressed in the past six months (3% and 2%, respectively).

• No demographic comparisons were conducted between years as a result of the number of respondents who reported their child always or nearly always felt unhappy, sad or depressed in both study years.

Child Experienced Bullying in Past Year 2014 Findings Of the 56 respondents with a child 8 to 17 years old… • Thirty-two percent of respondents reported their 8 to 17 year old child experienced some form of bullying.

More specifically, 30% reported their child was verbally bullied, for example, mean rumors said or kept out of a group. Thirteen percent reported their child was physically bullied, for example, being hit or kicked. Zero percent of respondents reported their child was cyber or electronically bullied, for example, teased, taunted, humiliated or threatened by email, cell phone, Facebook postings, texts or other electronic methods.

• Respondents were more likely to report their 8 to 12 year old child was bullied in some way (46%)

compared to respondents with their 13 to 17 year old child (18%).


child was bullied or in the type of bullying.

• In 2014, respondents were more likely to report their 8 to 12 year old child was bullied, with a noted increase. In 2011, age of child was not a significant variable.


Table 51. Child Experienced Bullying in Past 12 Months by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year (Children 8 to 17 Years Old)

2011 2014 TOTAL 19% 32% Gender Boy 23 37 Girl 15 25 Age 8 to 12 Years Old 16a 462,a 13 to 17 Years Old 20 182 Household Income Bottom 60 Percent Bracket 24 -- Top 40 Percent Bracket 16 --

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. --Data is not shown due to the low number of respondents in the response categories. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2011 to 2014 Child Experienced Bullying Overall Year Comparisons • From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported their

child was bullied overall as well as verbally, physically or cyber bullied in the past year.

19%

32%

18%

30%

9%

13%

6% 0% 0%

20%

40%

60%

2011 2014

Figure 26. Child Experienced Bullying in Past Year

Bullied Overall

Verbally Bullied

Physically Bullied

Cyber Bullied


County Health Issues (Figures 27 & 28; Tables 52 - 58) KEY FINDINGS: In 2014, respondents were asked to pick the top three health issues in the county out of

eight listed. The most often cited were alcohol or drug use (80%), chronic diseases (72%) and mental health/depression (33%). Respondents 35 to 44 years old, in the top 60 percent household income bracket or married respondents were more likely to report alcohol/drug use as a top health issue. Respondents who were 35 to 44 years old, in the top 40 percent household income bracket or married were more likely to report chronic diseases. Respondents 35 to 44 years old were more likely to report mental health/depression. Twenty-one percent of respondents reported teen pregnancy as a top issue; respondents who were female, 18 to 34 years old or with some post high school education or less were more likely to report this. Fifteen percent reported infectious diseases; respondents 35 to 54 years old or with some post high school education were more likely to report infectious diseases. Nine percent reported violence while less than one percent reported infant mortality and 0% reported lead poisoning. Respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report violence as a top health issue.

From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents who reported alcohol/drug use, chronic disease or mental health/depression as one of the top health issues in the county. From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents who reported infectious diseases, violence, infant mortality or lead poisoning as one of the top health issues in the county. From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported teen pregnancy as one of the top three health issues in the county.

2014 Findings • Respondents were given a list of eight health issues that some communities face and were asked to select

the three largest in Washington County. Respondents were more likely to select alcohol or drug use (80%), chronic diseases like diabetes, cancer or obesity (72%), or mental health/depression (33%).

Figure 27. County Health Issues for 2014

9%

15%

21%

33%

72%

80%

<1%

0%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Lead Poisoning

Infant Mortality

Violence

Infectious Diseases

Teen Pregnancy

Mental Health or Depression

Chronic Diseases

Alcohol or Drug Use


Alcohol or Drug Use as a Top County Health Issue 2014 Findings

• Eighty percent of respondents selected alcohol or drug use as one of their top three county issues.

• Respondents 35 to 44 years old were more likely to select alcohol/drug use (91%) compared to those 55 to

64 years old (71%) or respondents 65 and older (61%). • Eighty-nine percent of respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket and 86% of those in the

middle 20 percent income bracket reported alcohol/drug use as a top issue compared to 68% of respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket.

• Married respondents were more likely to report alcohol/drug use as one of the top three issues (87%)

compared to unmarried respondents (70%). Year Comparisons • From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents who reported

alcohol/drug use as one of the top health issues in the county.

• Gender was not a significant variable in either study year for alcohol/drug use. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents across gender reporting alcohol/drug use.

• In 2014, respondents 35 to 44 years old were more likely to report alcohol/drug use. In 2011, age was not a

significant variable. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents 18 to 54 years old reporting alcohol/drug use.

• Education was not a significant variable in either study year. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted increase

in the percent of respondents across education reporting alcohol/drug abuse as a top issue.

• In 2014, respondents in the top 60 percent household income bracket were more likely to report alcohol/drug use as a top issue, with a noted increase since 2011. In 2011, household income was not a significant variable.

• In 2014, married respondents were more likely to report alcohol/drug use as a top issue in the county, with

a noted increase since 2011. In 2011, marital status was not a significant variable.


Table 52. Alcohol or Drug Use as a Top County Health Issue by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year 2011 2014

TOTALa 64% 80% Gender Malea 61 79 Femalea 66 80 Age2 18 to 34a 72 84 35 to 44a 67 91 45 to 54a 66 86 55 to 64 57 71 65 and Older 52 61 Education High School or Lessa 57 74

Some Post High Schoola 69 80 College Graduatea 66 85

Household Income2 Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 62 68 Middle 20 Percent Bracketa 66 86 Top 40 Percent Bracketa 61 89 Marital Status2 Marrieda 64 87 Not Married 63 70 Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2011 to 2014 Chronic Diseases as a Top County Health Issue 2014 Findings

• Seventy-two percent of respondents selected chronic diseases, like diabetes, cancer or obesity, as one of

their top three county issues. • Respondents 35 to 44 years old were more likely to select chronic diseases (91%) compared to those 55 to

64 years old (66%) or respondents 65 and older (63%).

• Eighty-one percent of respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket reported chronic diseases as a top issue compared to 72% of those in the middle 20 percent income bracket or 67% of respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket.

• Married respondents were more likely to report chronic diseases as one of the top three compared to

unmarried respondents (80% and 63%, respectively).


Year Comparisons • From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents who reported

chronic disease as one of the top health issues in the county.

• In 2011, female respondents were more likely to report chronic diseases. In 2014, gender was not a significant variable. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of male respondents reporting chronic diseases as a top issue.

• In 2014, respondents 35 to 44 years old were more likely to report chronic diseases, with a noted increase since 2011. In 2011, age was not a significant variable.


in the percent of respondents with some post high school education selecting chronic diseases.

• In 2014, respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report chronic diseases, with a noted increase since 2011. In 2011, household income was not a significant variable.

• In 2014, married respondents were more likely to report chronic diseases, with a noted increase since 2011.

In 2011, marital status was not a significant variable. Table 53. Chronic Diseases as a Top County Health Issue by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year

2011 2014 TOTALa 61% 72% Gender1 Malea 54 72 Female 68 72 Age2 18 to 34 61 72 35 to 44a 59 91 45 to 54 66 70 55 to 64 63 66 65 and Older 58 63 Education High School or Less 58 66 Some Post High Schoola 58 76

College Graduate 70 77 Household Income5 Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 59 67 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 65 72 Top 40 Percent Bracketa 64 81 Marital Status2 Marrieda 65 80 Not Married 55 63

Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014; ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2011 to 2014


Mental Health or Depression as a Top County Health Issue 2014 Findings

• Thirty-three percent of respondents selected mental health or depression as one of their top three issues. • Respondents 35 to 44 years old were more likely to report mental health/depression (53%) compared to

those 55 to 64 years old (25%) or respondents 45 to 54 years old (19%). Year Comparisons • From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents who reported

mental health/depression as one of the top health issues in the county.

• Gender was not a significant variable in either study year. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of male respondents reporting mental health/depression as a top issue.

• In 2014, respondents 35 to 44 years old were more likely to report mental health/depression, with a noted increase since 2011. In 2011, age was not a significant variable.


in the percent of respondents with a college education reporting mental health/depression.

• Household income was not a significant variable in either study year. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted increase in the percent of respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket reporting mental health/depression.

• Marital status was not a significant variable in either study year. From 2011 to 2014 married respondents

were more likely to report mental health/depression as a top issue.


Table 54. Mental Health or Depression as a Top County Health Issue by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year

2011 2014 TOTALa 26% 33% Gender Malea 22 31 Female 29 35 Age2 18 to 34 32 40 35 to 44a 23 53 45 to 54 19 19 55 to 64 33 25 65 and Older 23 30 Education High School or Less 22 29 Some Post High School 32 34

College Graduatea 24 38 Household Income Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 28 37 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 29 26 Top 40 Percent Bracketa 23 36 Marital Status Marrieda 23 37 Not Married 30 29 Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2011 to 2014 Teen Pregnancy as a Top County Health Issue 2014 Findings

• Twenty-one percent of respondents selected teen pregnancy as one of their top three issues.

• Female respondents were more likely to report teen pregnancies as one of the top health issues compared to

male respondents (27% and 14%, respectively). • Respondents 18 to 34 years old were more likely to report teen pregnancy (38%) compared to those 55 to

64 years old (12%) or respondents 65 and older (11%). • Twenty-four percent of respondents with some post high school education or less reported teen pregnancy

as a top concern compared to 13% of respondents with a college education.


Year Comparisons • From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported teen

pregnancy as one of the top health issues in the county. • In 2014, female respondents were more likely to report teen pregnancy as one of the top health issues in the

county. In 2011, gender was not a significant variable. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of male respondents reporting teen pregnancy.

• In 2011 and 2014, respondents 18 to 34 years old were more likely to report teen pregnancy as a top issue. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of respondents 35 to 44 years old reporting teen pregnancy.

• In 2011 and 2014, respondents with some post high school education or less were more likely to report teen

pregnancy.

• In 2011, respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report teen pregnancy as a top issue. In 2014, household income was not a significant variable.

Table 55. Teen Pregnancy as a Top County Health Issue by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year

2011 2014 TOTAL 26% 21% Gender2 Malea 26 14 Female 27 27 Age1,2 18 to 34 39 38 35 to 44a 28 13 45 to 54 29 24 55 to 64 19 12 65 and Older 11 11 Education1,2 High School or Less 29 24 Some Post High School 30 24

College Graduate 17 13 Household Income1 Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 36 24 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 17 25 Top 40 Percent Bracket 25 20 Marital Status Married 24 17 Not Married 30 25 Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2011 to 2014


Infectious Diseases as a Top County Health Issue 2014 Findings • Fifteen percent of respondents selected infectious diseases, such as whooping cough, tuberculosis, or

sexually transmitted diseases, as one of the top three county issues. • Twenty-two percent of respondents 45 to 54 years old and 20% of those 35 to 44 years old reported

infectious diseases as one of the three health issues compared to 7% of respondents 55 to 64 years old. • Respondents with some post high school education were more likely to report infectious diseases as one of

the top three issues (25%) compared to those with a college education (12%) or respondents with a high school education or less (11%).

Year Comparisons • From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents who reported

infectious diseases as one of the top health issues in the county.

• Gender was not a significant variable in either study year. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of respondents across gender reporting infectious diseases as a top issue.

• In 2011 and 2014, respondents 35 to 54 years old were more likely to report infectious diseases. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of respondents 18 to 34 years old reporting infectious diseases.

• In 2014, respondents with some post high school education more likely to report infectious diseases as a

top issue. In 2011, education was not a significant variable. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of respondents with a high school education or less or with a college education reporting this.

• Household income was not a significant variable in either study year. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted

decrease in the percent of respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket reporting infectious diseases.

• Marital status was not a significant variable in either study year. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted

decrease in the percent of married respondents reporting infectious diseases as a top issue.


Table 56. Infectious Diseases as a Top County Health Issue by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year 2011 2014

TOTALa 24% 15% Gender Malea 21 13 Femalea 27 17 Age1,2 18 to 34a 28 15 35 to 44 33 20 45 to 54 30 22 55 to 64 18 7 65 and Older 8 8 Education2 High School or Lessa 20 11 Some Post High School 23 25

College Graduatea 30 12 Household Income Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 23 22 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 17 16 Top 40 Percent Bracketa 29 13 Marital Status Marrieda 25 16 Not Married 22 14 Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2011 to 2014 Violence as a Top County Health Issue 2014 Findings • Nine percent reported violence as one of the three county issues. • Thirteen percent of respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket reported violence as

one of the top health issues compared to 5% of those in the top 40 percent income bracket or 3% of respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket.

Year Comparisons • From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents who reported

violence as one of the top health issues in the county.

• Age was not a significant variable in either study year. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of respondents 45 to 54 years old reporting violence as a top issue.


• In 2011, respondents with a high school education or less were more likely to report violence. In 2014, education was not a significant variable. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of respondents with a high school education or less reporting violence as a top issue.

• In 2014, respondents in the bottom 40 percent household income bracket were more likely to report

violence as a top issue. In 2011, household income was not a significant variable. From 2011 to 2014, there was a noted decrease in the percent of respondents in the top 40 percent household income bracket reporting violence as a top issue.

Table 57. Violence as a Top County Health Issue by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year

2011 2014 TOTALa 14% 9% Gender Male 15 10 Female 13 8 Age 18 to 34 14 12 35 to 44 11 5 45 to 54a 14 4 55 to 64 12 13 65 and older 18 14 Education1 High School or Lessa 20 8 Some Post High School 14 7

College Graduate 5 13 Household Income5 Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 13 13 Middle 20 Percent Bracket 9 3 Top 40 Percent Bracketa 13 5 Marital Status Married 14 11 Not Married 13 8 Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2011 to 2014


Infant Mortality as a Top County Health Issue 2014 Findings • Less than one percent of respondents reported infant mortality as one of the top three issues.

• No demographic comparisons were conducted as a result of the low number of respondents who selected

infant mortality as one of the top three issues. Year Comparisons • From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents who reported

infant mortality as one of the top health issues in the county. • In 2011, respondents in the middle 20 percent household income bracket were more likely to report infant

mortality as one of the top health issues in the county.

Table 58. Infant Mortality as a Top County Health Issue by Demographic Variables for Each Survey Year 2011 2014

TOTALa 4% <1% Gender Male 5 -- Female 2 -- Age 18 to 34 6 -- 35 to 44 1 -- 45 to 54 2 -- 55 to 64 4 -- 65 and older 3 -- Education High School or Less 6 -- Some Post High School 3 --

College Graduate 2 -- Household Income1 Bottom 40 Percent Bracket 3 -- Middle 20 Percent Bracket 9 -- Top 40 Percent Bracket 1 -- Marital Status Married 4 -- Not Married 3 -- Percentages occasionally may differ by 1 or 2 percentage points from previous reports or the Appendix as a result of rounding, recoding variables and response category distribution. Data is not shown as a result of insufficient statistical reliability due to the low percentage reporting this. 1demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2011; 2demographic difference at p≤0.05 in 2014 ayear difference at p≤0.05 from 2011 to 2014


Lead Poisoning as a Top County Health Issue 2014 Findings • Zero percent of respondents reported lead poisoning as one of the top three issues.

• No demographic comparisons were conducted as a result of the low number of respondents who selected

lead poisoning as one of the top three issues. Year Comparisons • From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents who reported lead

poisoning as one of the top health issues in the county (2% and 0%, respectively). • No demographic comparisons were conducted between years as a result of the low number of respondents

who selected lead poisoning as one of the top three issues in either study year. County Health Issues Overall • From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical increase in the overall percent of respondents who reported

alcohol/drug use, chronic disease or mental health/depression as one of the top health issues in the county. From 2011 to 2014, there was a statistical decrease in the overall percent of respondents who reported infectious diseases, violence, infant mortality or lead poisoning as one of the top health issues in the county. From 2011 to 2014, there was no statistical change in the overall percent of respondents who reported teen pregnancy as one of the top health issues.

Figure 28. County Health Issues

80%

64% 72%

61%

26%

33%

21%24%

15%14% 9%4% <1%2% 0%0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2011 2014

Alcohol/Drug Use

Chronic Diseases

Mental Health/Depression

Teen Pregnancy

Infectious Diseases

Violence

Infant Mortality

Lead Poisoning


APPENDIX A: QUESTIONNAIRE FREQUENCIES


WASHINGTON COUNTY COMMUNITY HEALTH SURVEY

Conducted: June 9 through July 23, 2014 [Some totals may be more or less than 100% due to rounding and response category distribution. Percentages in the report and in the Appendix may differ by one or two percentage points as a result of combining several response categories for report analysis.]

1. Generally speaking, would you say that your own health is…?

Poor .................................................................... 3% Fair ..................................................................... 9 Good .................................................................. 27 Very good .......................................................... 43 Excellent ............................................................ 19 Not sure.............................................................. 0

2. Currently, what is your primary type of health care coverage? Is it through…

[“Obamacare, the exchange, Affordable Care Act (ACA)”, code as private insurance]

Private insurance ........................................................... 70% → CONTINUE WITH Q3 Medicaid including medical assistance, Title 19 or Badger Care…………… ..............................................

7 → GO TO Q4

Medicare ....................................................................... 18 → GO TO Q4 Or do you not have health care coverage ...................... 5 → GO TO Q4 Not sure......................................................................... <1 → GO TO Q4

3. Did you get the private health insurance through an employer, directly from an insurance company or an

exchange? [“Obamacare, ACA, Affordable Care Act” is an exchange] [281 Respondents]

Employer ......................................................................................... 91% Directly from insurance company ................................................... 4 An exchange .................................................................................... 4 Not sure............................................................................................ <1

4. Did you have health care coverage during all, part or none of the past 12 months?

All ...................................................................... 90% Part ..................................................................... 6 None .................................................................. 4 Not sure.............................................................. 0

5. Did everyone in your household have health care coverage during all, part or none of the past 12 months?

All ...................................................................... 89% Part ..................................................................... 6 None .................................................................. 4 Not sure.............................................................. 2


6. In the past 12 months, did you delay or not seek medical care because of a high deductible, high co-pay or because you did not have coverage for the medical care?

Yes ..................................................................... 16% No ...................................................................... 84 Not sure.............................................................. 0

7. In the past 12 months, have you or anyone in your household not taken prescribed medication due to

prescription costs? Yes ..................................................................... 7% No ...................................................................... 93 Not sure.............................................................. <1

8. Was there a time during the last 12 months that you felt you did not get the medical care you needed?

Yes ..................................................................... 9% →CONTINUE WITH Q9 No ...................................................................... 90 →GO TO Q10 Not sure.............................................................. <1 →GO TO Q10

9. Why did you not receive the medical care you thought you needed? [38 Respondents; More than 1 response

accepted]

Cannot afford to pay .......................................................... 36% Poor medical care .............................................................. 30 Insurance did not cover it ................................................. 26 Co-payments too high ........................................................ 20 Uninsured........................................................................... 12 Specialty physician not in area .......................................... 6 Other (2% or less) .............................................................. 0

10. Was there a time during the last 12 months that you felt you did not get the dental care you needed?

Yes ..................................................................... 9% →CONTINUE WITH Q11 No ...................................................................... 92 →GO TO Q12 Not sure.............................................................. 0 →GO TO Q12

11. Why did you not receive the dental care you thought you needed? [34 Respondents; More than 1 response

accepted] Uninsured............................................................. 51% Cannot afford to pay ............................................ 32 Insurance did not cover it .................................... 20 Poor dental care ................................................... 6 Unable to find a dentist to take Medicaid or other insurance .....................................................

5

Unable to get appointment ................................... 3 Other (2% or less) ................................................ 0

12. Was there a time during the last 12 months that you felt you did not get the mental health care you needed?

Yes ...................................................... 2% → CONTINUE WITH Q13 No ....................................................... 98 → GO TO Q14 Not sure............................................... 0 → GO TO Q14


13. Why did you not receive the mental health care you thought you needed? [8 Respondents: Multiple responses accepted]

Insurance did not cover it ................... 42% Cannot afford to pay ........................... 25 Co-payments too high ......................... 23 Uninsured............................................ 17 Poor mental health care ...................... 16 Other (2% or less) ............................... 1 Not sure............................................... 0

14. Where do you look for health information or clarification on health related issues?

Doctor ................................................................. 44% Internet ................................................................ 32 Other health professional .................................... 6 Myself/family member in health care field ........ 5 Work ................................................................... 4 Other (2% or less) ............................................... 8 Not sure............................................................... 3

15. When you are sick, to which one of the following places do you usually go?

Doctor’s or nurse practitioner’s office ............................... 84% Public health clinic or community health center ............... 4 Hospital outpatient department .......................................... 2 Hospital emergency room .................................................. 2 Urgent care center .............................................................. 4 Some other kind of place ................................................... 2 No usual place ................................................................... 3 Not sure.............................................................................. 0

16. Do you have an advance health care plan, living will or health care power of attorney stating your end of

life health care wishes?

Yes ..................................................................... 43% No ...................................................................... 56 Not sure.............................................................. 1

A routine check-up is a general physical exam, not an exam for a specific injury, illness or condition. About how long has it been since you last received…?

Less than a Year Ago

1 to 2 Years Ago

3 to 4 Years Ago

5 or More Years Ago

Never

Not Sure

17. A routine checkup ............................... 75% 16% 3% 4% 2% <1% 18. Cholesterol test. .................................. 63 15 5 5 9 2 19. A visit to a dentist or dental clinic . 72 16 5 5 2 0 20. An eye exam ....................................... 49 25 8 13 3 2


21. During the past 12 months, have you had a flu shot or a flu vaccine that was sprayed in your nose?

Yes ..................................................................... 43% No ...................................................................... 58 Not sure.............................................................. 0

22. Could you please tell me in what year you born? [CALCULATE AGE]

18 to 34 years old ............................................... 24% 35 to 44 years old ............................................... 19 45 to 54 years old ............................................... 23 55 to 64 years old ............................................... 17 65 and older ....................................................... 18

23. A pneumonia shot or pneumococcal vaccine is usually given once or twice in a person’s lifetime and is

different from the flu shot. Have you ever had a pneumonia shot? [72 Respondents 65 and Older]

Yes ..................................................................... 79% No ...................................................................... 18 Not sure.............................................................. 4

In the past three years, have you been treated for or been told by a doctor, nurse or other health care provider that:

Yes No Not Sure 24. You have high blood pressure? ..................................... 27% 73% 0% 25. …(if yes) [109 Respondents]: Is it under control

through medication, exercise or lifestyle changes? ....... 98

2

0

26. Your blood cholesterol is high? ..................................... 23 77 <1 27. …(if yes) [91 Respondents]: Is it under control


4

4

28. You have heart disease or a heart condition? ................ 6 94 <1 29. …(if yes) [24 Respondents]: Is it under control


25

0

30. You had a mental health condition, such as an anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, post traumatic stress disorder or depression? .................................................................... 18 82 0

31. …(if yes) [70 Respondents]: Is it under control through medication, therapy or lifestyle changes? ........

96

2

2

32. You have diabetes (men) You have diabetes not associated with a pregnancy (women)......................................................................... 7 93 0

33. …(if yes) [27 Respondents]: Is it under control through medication, exercise or lifestyle changes? .......

96

4

0

34. Do you currently have asthma? ..................................... 10 90 <1 35. …(if yes) [40 Respondents]: Is it under control

through medication, therapy or lifestyle changes? ........ 93 8 0


36. On an average day, how many servings of fruit do you eat or drink? One serving is ½ cup of canned or cooked fruit, 1 medium piece of fruit or 6 ounces of juice.

One or fewer servings ........................................ 34% Two servings...................................................... 28 Three or more servings ...................................... 38 Not sure.............................................................. 0

37. On an average day, how many servings of vegetables do you eat? One serving is ½ cup of cooked or raw

vegetable or 6 ounces of juice.

One or fewer servings ........................................ 41% Two servings...................................................... 30 Three or more servings ...................................... 29 Not sure.............................................................. 0

38. Moderate physical activity includes brisk walking, bicycling, vacuuming, gardening or anything else that

causes some increase in breathing or heart rate. In a usual week, not including at work, on how many days do you do moderate activities for at least 30 minutes at a time?

Zero days ........................................................... 10% 1 to 4 days .......................................................... 54 5 to 7 days .......................................................... 35 Not sure.............................................................. <1

39. Vigorous activities include running, aerobics, heavy yard work, or anything else that causes large increases

in breathing or heart rate. Not including at work, in a usual week, how often do you do vigorous physical activities for at least 20 minutes at a time?

Zero days ........................................................... 31% 1 to 2 days ......................................................... 43 3 to 7 days .......................................................... 26

FEMALES ONLY

Now I have some questions about women’s health.

40. A mammogram is an x-ray of each breast to look for breast cancer. How long has it been since you had

your last mammogram? [97 Respondents 50 and Older]

Within the past year (anytime less than 12 months ago) ........... 72% Within the past 2 years (1 year, but less than 2 years ago) ........ 13 Within the past 3 years (2 years, but less than 3 years ago) ..... 6 Within the past 5 years (3 years, but less than 5 years ago) ...... 3 5 or more years ago ................................................................... 3 Never ......................................................................................... 1 Not sure ..................................................................................... 1


41. A bone density scan helps determine if you are at risk for fractures or are in the early stages of osteoporosis. Have you ever had a bone density scan? [40 Respondents 65 and Older]

Yes ............................................................................. 88% No .............................................................................. 13 Not sure...................................................................... 0

42. A pap smear is a test for cancer of the cervix. If you have not had a hysterectomy, how long has it been

since you had your last pap smear? [151 Respondents 18 to 65 years old]


43. An HPV test is a test for the human papillomavirus in the cervix and is sometimes done at the same time as

a pap smear. When was the last time you had an HPV test? [156 Respondents 18 to 65 years old]


MALE & FEMALE RESPONDENTS 50 AND OLDER 44. A blood stool test is a test that may use a special kit at home to determine whether the stool contains blood.

How long has it been since you had a blood stool test? [188 Respondents 50 and Older]

Within the past year (anytime less than 12 months ago) ........... 9% Within the past 2 years (1 year, but less than 2 years ago) ........ 11 Within the past 5 years (2 years, but less than 5 years ago) ...... 9 5 years ago or more ................................................................... 17 Never ......................................................................................... 48 Not sure ..................................................................................... 7


45. A sigmoidoscopy is where a flexible tube is inserted into the rectum to view the bowel for signs of cancer or other health problems. How long has it been since you had your last sigmoidoscopy? [187 Respondents 50 and Older]

Within the past year (anytime less than 12 months ago) ........... 2% Within the past 2 years (1 year, but less than 2 years ago) ........ 1 Within the past 5 years (2 years, but less than 5 years ago) ...... 6 Within the past 10 years (5 years but less than 10 years ago) ... 6 10 years ago or more ................................................................. 4 Never ......................................................................................... 74 Not sure ..................................................................................... 6

46. A colonoscopy is similar to a sigmoidoscopy, but uses a longer tube, and you are usually given medication

through a needle in your arm to make you sleepy and told to have someone else drive you home after the test. How long has it been since you had your last colonoscopy? [188 Respondents 50 and Older]

Within the past year (anytime less than 12 months ago) ........... 21% Within the past 2 years (1 year, but less than 2 years ago) ........ 11 Within the past 5 years (2 years, but less than 5 years ago) ...... 23 Within the past 10 years (5 years but less than 10 years ago) ... 16 10 years ago or more ................................................................. 6 Never ......................................................................................... 22 Not sure ..................................................................................... <1

ALL RESPONDENTS

47. During the past 30 days, about how often would you say you felt sad, blue, or depressed?

Never ................................................................. 40% Seldom ............................................................... 35 Sometimes ......................................................... 19 Nearly always .................................................... 5 Always ............................................................... 2 Not sure.............................................................. 0

48. How often would you say you find meaning and purpose in your daily life?

Never ................................................................. <1% Seldom ............................................................... 2 Sometimes ......................................................... 19 Nearly always .................................................... 34 Always ............................................................... 44 Not sure.............................................................. <1

49. In the past year have you ever felt so overwhelmed that you considered suicide?

Yes ..................................................................... 4% No ...................................................................... 97 Not sure.............................................................. 0


Now I’d like to ask you about alcohol. An alcoholic drink is one can or bottle of beer, one glass of wine, one can or bottle of wine cooler, one cocktail or one shot of liquor.

50. Considering all types of alcoholic beverages, how many times during the past month did you have five or

more drinks on an occasion? (MALES) (4 or more drinks FEMALES)

0 days ................................................................. 61% 1 day .................................................................. 11 2 or more days ................................................... 28 Not sure.............................................................. <1

51. In the past 30 days, did you drive or ride when the driver had perhaps too much alcohol to drink?

Yes ..................................................................... 3% No ...................................................................... 97 Not sure.............................................................. 0

During the past year, has ANYONE IN YOUR HOUSEHOLD, INCLUDING YOURSELF, experienced any kind of problem such as legal, social, personal, physical or medical in connection with …?

Yes No Not Sure 52. Drinking alcohol ............................................... 1% 99% 0% 53. Marijuana .......................................................... 2 99 0 54. Cocaine, heroin or other street drugs ................ <1 99 0 55. Misuse of prescription drugs or over-the-

counter drugs .................................................... 3 97 0 56. Gambling .......................................................... 0 100 0

In the past 30 days, did you use…

Yes No Not Sure 57. Smokeless tobacco including chewing tobacco,

snuff, plug, or spit………………………………... 8%

93%

0%

58. Cigars, cigarillos, or little cigars…………………. 4 96 0 59. Electronic cigarettes, also known as e-cigarettes ... 5 94 1

Now I’d like to talk to you about regular tobacco cigarettes….

60. Do you now smoke cigarettes every day, some days or not at all?

Every day ........................................................... 16% Some days .......................................................... 4 Not at all ............................................................ 80 →GO TO Q64 Not sure.............................................................. 0 →GO TO Q64

61. During the past 12 months, have you stopped smoking for one day or longer because you were trying to

quit? [80 Current Smokers]

Yes ..................................................................... 50% No ...................................................................... 50 Not sure.............................................................. 0


62. In the past 12 months, have you seen a doctor, nurse or other health professional? [80 Current Smokers]


63. In the past 12 months, has a doctor, nurse or other health professional advised you to quit smoking? [58 Current Smokers]

Yes ..................................................................... 78% No ...................................................................... 22 Not sure.............................................................. 0

64. Which statement best describes the rules about smoking inside your home…

Smoking is not allowed anywhere inside your home ..... 83% Smoking is allowed in some places or at some times ..... 5 Smoking is allowed anywhere inside your home or ....... 2 There are no rules about smoking inside your home ...... 10 Not sure........................................................................... <1

65. In the past seven days, how many days were you in the same room or did you ride in a car with someone

who was smoking cigarettes? [317 Nonsmokers]

0 days ................................................................. 91% 1 to 3 days .......................................................... 6 4 to 6 days .......................................................... 1 All 7 days ........................................................... 2 Not sure.............................................................. <1

Now, I have a few questions to ask about you and your household.

66. Gender [DERIVED, NOT ASKED]

Male ................................................................... 49% Female ............................................................... 51

67. About how much do you weigh, without shoes? 68. About how tall are you, without shoes? [CALCULATE BODY MASS INDEX (BMI)]

Not overweight .................................................. 33% Overweight ........................................................ 35 Obese ................................................................. 31

69. Are you Hispanic or Latino?

Yes ..................................................................... 2% No ...................................................................... 98 Not sure.............................................................. 0


70. Which of the following would you say is your race?

White ................................................................. 97% Black, African American ................................... 1 American Indian or Alaska Native .................... <1 Another race ...................................................... 2 Not sure.............................................................. 0

71. What is your current marital status?

Single and never married ................................... 24% A member of an unmarried couple .................... 1 Married .............................................................. 53 Separated ........................................................... <1 Divorced ............................................................ 13 Widowed ............................................................ 8 Not sure.............................................................. 0

72. What is the highest grade level of education you have completed?

8th grade or less ................................................. 1% Some high school ............................................... 5 High school graduate or GED............................ 33 Some college ...................................................... 17 Technical school graduate ................................. 12 College graduate ................................................ 23 Advanced or professional degree ....................... 9 Not sure.............................................................. 0

73. What county do you live in? [FILTER]

Washington ........................................................ 100% 74. What city, town or village do you legally reside in? [FILTER]

West Bend city ................................................... 29% Hartford city ...................................................... 10 Germantown village .......................................... 9 Hartford town .................................................... 8 Richfield town ................................................... 6 Trenton town ...................................................... 5 West Bend town ................................................. 5 Slinger village .................................................... 4 Jackson village ................................................... 4 All others (3% or less) ....................................... 21


75. What is the zip code of your primary residence?

53095 ................................................................. 25% 53090 ................................................................. 23 53027 ................................................................. 18 53022 ................................................................. 11 53037 ................................................................. 7 53040 ................................................................. 6 53086 ................................................................. 4 53033 ................................................................. 4 All others (3% or less) ....................................... 4

LANDLINE SAMPLE ONLY [FOR SAMPLING PURPOSES] 76. Do you have more than one telephone number in your household? Do not include cell phones or numbers

that are only used by a computer or fax machine. 77. How many of these telephone numbers are residential numbers? 78. Do you have a cell phone that you use mainly for personal use?

ALL RESPONDENTS

79. What is your annual household income before taxes?

Less than $10,000 .............................................. 3% $10,000 to $20,000 ............................................ 8 $20,001 to $30,000 ............................................ 7 $30,001 to $40,000 ............................................ 8 $40,001 to $50,000 ............................................ 12 $50,001 to $60,000 ............................................ 10 $60,001 to $75,000 ............................................ 10 $75,001 to $90,000 ............................................ 8 $90,001 to $105,000 .......................................... 4 $105,001 to $120,000 ........................................ 11 $120,001 to $135,000 ........................................ 2 Over $135,000 ................................................... 6 Not sure.............................................................. 5 No answer .......................................................... 8

80. How many children under the age of 18 are living in the household?

None .................................................................. 61% →GO TO Q103 One .................................................................... 19 →CONTINUE WITH Q81 Two or more ...................................................... 20 →CONTINUE WITH Q81

For the next questions, we would like to talk about the [RANDOM SELECTED] child. 81. Do you make health care decisions for [HIM/HER]? [153 Respondents]

Yes ..................................................................... 82% → CONTINUE WITH Q82 No ...................................................................... 18 →GO TO Q103


82. What is the age of the child? [125 Respondents]

12 or younger ..................................................... 78% 13 to 17 years old ............................................... 22

83. Is this child a boy or girl? [125 Respondents]

Boy .................................................................... 54% Girl ..................................................................... 46

84. Was there a time during the last 12 months that you felt your child did not get the medical care [HE/SHE]

needed? [125 Respondents]

Yes ...................................................... <1% → CONTINUE WITH Q85 No ....................................................... 98 → GO TO Q86 Not sure............................................... <1 → GO TO Q86

85. Why did your child not receive the medical care needed? [1 Respondent; Multiple Responses Accepted]

Cannot afford to pay ............................................................ 1 response Insurance did not cover it .................................................... 1 response

86. A personal doctor or nurse is a health professional who knows your child well, and is familiar with your

child’s health history. This can be a general doctor, a pediatrician, a specialist, a nurse practitioner or a physician assistant. Do you have one or more persons you think of as your child’s personal doctor or nurse? [125 Respondents]

Yes ..................................................................... 99% → CONTINUE WITH Q87 No ...................................................................... <1 → GO TO Q88 Not sure.............................................................. 0 → GO TO Q88

87. Preventive care visits include things like a well-child check, a routine physical exam, immunizations, lead

or other health screening tests. During the past 12 months, did [HE/SHE] visit their personal doctor or nurse for preventive care? [123 Respondents]

Yes .................................................................. 91% No ................................................................... 8 Not sure........................................................... <1

88. Specialists are doctors like surgeons, heart doctors, allergists, psychiatrists, skin doctors and others who

specialize in one area of health care. Was there a time during the past 12 months your child needed to see a specialist but did not? [125 Respondents]

Yes ...................................................... 2% → CONTINUE WITH Q89 No ....................................................... 98 → GO TO Q90

89. Why did your child not see a specialist needed? [2 Respondents; Multiple Responses Accepted]

Cannot afford to pay ............................................................ 1 response Insurance did not cover it .................................................... 1 response Lack of transportation .......................................................... 1 response Physical barriers .................................................................. 1 response


90. Was there a time during the last 12 months that you felt your child did not get the dental care [HE/SHE] needed? [125 Respondents]

Yes ...................................................... 9% → CONTINUE WITH Q91 No ....................................................... 91 → GO TO Q92

91. Why did your child not receive the dental health care needed? [11 Respondents; Multiple Responses

Accepted] Health plan problem/Insurance did not cover it................... 6 responses No dental insurance ............................................................. 5 responses Cannot afford to pay ............................................................ 4 responses Can’t find a dentist who accepts child’s insurance .............. 3 responses

92. Does your child have asthma? [125 Respondents]

Yes ..................................................................... 4% →CONTINUE WITH Q93 No ...................................................................... 96 →GO TO Q94

93. Asthma attacks, sometimes called episodes, refer to periods of worsening asthma symptoms that make the

child limit his or her activity more than usual, or make you seek medical care. During the past 12 months, has your child had an episode of asthma or an asthma attack? [5 Respondents]

Yes .................................................................. 2 responses No ................................................................... 3 resposnes

94. When your child was an infant of less than one year old, where did [HE/SHE] usually sleep? [21

Respondents of Children 2 years old or younger]

Crib or bassinette ............................................... 86% Pack n’ Play ....................................................... 10 In bed with you or another person ..................... 5 Not sure.............................................................. 0

95. How often do you feel your child is safe in your community or neighborhood? [125 Respondents]

Always ............................................................... 78% Nearly always .................................................... 20 Sometimes ......................................................... 2 Seldom ............................................................... 0 Never ................................................................. 0 Not sure.............................................................. 0

96. During the past 6 months, how often was your child unhappy, sad or depressed? [57 Respondents of

Children 8 to 17 years old]

Always ............................................................... 0% Nearly always .................................................... 2 Sometimes ......................................................... 12 Seldom ............................................................... 37 Never ................................................................. 39 Not sure.............................................................. 11


97. During the past 12 months, has your child experienced any bullying? [56 Respondents of Children 8 to 17 years old]

Yes ..................................................................... 32% No ...................................................................... 68 Not sure.............................................................. 0

98. What type of bullying did your child experience? [56 Respondents of Children 8 to 17 years old]

Physically bullied for example, being hit or kicked ................................ 13% Verbally abused for example spreading mean rumors or kept out of a group ........................................................................................................

30

Cyber or electronically bullied for example, teased, taunted, humiliated or threatened by email, cell phone, Facebook postings, texts or other electronic methods ............................................................. 0

99. On an average day, how many servings of fruit does your child eat or drink? One serving is ½ cup of

canned or cooked fruit, 1 medium piece of fruit or 6 ounces of juice. [80 Respondents of Children 5 to 17 years old]

One or fewer servings ........................................ 28% Two servings...................................................... 23 Three or more servings ...................................... 50

100. On an average day, how many servings of vegetables does your child eat? One serving is ½ cup of cooked

or raw vegetable or 6 ounces of juice. [80 Respondents of Children 5 to 17 years old]

One or fewer servings ........................................ 44% Two servings...................................................... 26 Three or more servings ...................................... 30

101. During the past seven days, on how many days was your child physically active for a total of at least 60

minutes that caused an increase in their heart rate and made them breathe hard some of the time? [79 Respondents of Children 5 to 17 years old]

Zero or one day .................................................. 6% → CONTINUE WITH Q102 Two through four days ...................................... 14 → CONTINUE WITH Q102 Five or more days .............................................. 80 → GO TO Q103

102. Why was your child not physically active for at least 60 minutes on more days? [16 Respondents: Multiple

responses accepted]

Likes to play video games or on computer ........ 5 responses Child does not like to be physically active ........ 4 responses Other, please specify (1 response each) ............. 7 responses

The next series of questions deal with personal safety issues. 103. During the past year has anyone made you afraid for your personal safety?



104. What relationship is this person or people to you? For example, a spouse, spouse who is now separated, ex-spouse, boyfriend or girlfriend, parent, brother or sister, friend, acquaintance, a child, a stranger, or someone else? Again, I want to assure you that all your responses are strictly confidential. [28 Respondents; More than 1 response accepted]

Acquaintance ................................... 13 respondents Stranger ............................................. 7 respondents Brother or sister ................................. 4 respondents Spouse ................................................ 2 respondents Child ..................................................... 1 respondent Boyfriend or girlfriend ........................ 1 respondent Friend .................................................. 1 respondent Parent .................................................. 1 respondent

105. During the past year has anyone pushed, kicked, slapped, hit or otherwise hurt you?

Yes ................................................................... 2% →CONTINUE WITH Q106 No ................................................................... 98 →GO TO Q107 Not sure.............................................................. 0 →GO TO Q107

106. What relationship is this person or people to you? For example, a spouse, spouse who is now separated,

ex-spouse, boyfriend or girlfriend, parent, brother or sister, friend, acquaintance, a child, a stranger, or someone else? [9 Respondents; More than 1 response accepted]

Acquaintance ....................................... 3 respondents Child ................................................... 2 respondents Spouse ................................................. 1 respondent Stranger ................................................. 1 respondent

107. Finally, I will read you a list of health issues that some communities may face. Please tell me the 3 largest

health concerns in Washington County.

Alcohol or drug use ..................................................... 80% Chronic diseases like diabetes, cancer or obesity ........ 72 Mental health or depression ......................................... 33 Teen pregnancy ............................................................ 21 Infectious diseases such as whooping cough, tuberculosis, or sexually transmitted diseases .............

15

Violence ....................................................................... 9 Lead poisoning ............................................................ 0 Infant mortality ............................................................ <1


APPENDIX B: SURVEY METHODOLOGY


SURVEY METHODOLOGY 2014 Community Health Survey The 2014 Washington County Community Health Survey was conducted from June 9 through July 23, 2014. Four hundred respondents were scientifically selected so that the survey would be representative of all adults 18 and older. The sampling strategy was two-fold. 1) A random-digit-dial landline sample of telephone numbers which included listed and unlisted numbers. The respondent within each household was randomly selected by computer based on the number of adults in the household (n=300). 2) A cell-phone only sample where the person answering the phone was selected as the respondent (n=100). For the landline sample, weighting was based on the number of adults in the household and the number of residential phone numbers, excluding fax and computer lines, to take into account the probability of selection. For the cell-phone only sample, it was assumed the respondent was the primary cell phone user. Combined, post-stratification was conducted by sex and age to reflect the 2010 census proportion of these characteristics in the area. With a sample size of 400, the margin of error is ±5%. The margin of error for smaller subgroups is larger. 2011 Community Health Survey The 2011 Washington County Community Health Survey was conducted from November 29 through December 19, 2011. Four hundred respondents were scientifically selected so that the survey would be representative of all adults 18 and older. The sampling strategy was two-fold. 1) A random-digit-dial landline sample of telephone numbers which included listed and unlisted numbers. The respondent within each household was randomly selected by computer based on the number of adults in the household (n=300). 2) A cell-phone only sample where the person answering the phone was selected as the respondent (n=100). For the landline sample, weighting was based on the number of adults in the household and the number of residential phone numbers, excluding fax and computer lines, to take into account the probability of selection. For the cell-phone only sample, it was assumed the respondent was the primary cell phone user. Combined, post-stratification was conducted by sex and age to reflect the 2010 census proportion of these characteristics in the area. With a sample size of 400, the margin of error is ±5%. The margin of error for smaller subgroups is larger. 2008 Community Health Survey The 2008 Washington County Community Health Survey was conducted from August 1 through August 12, 2008. Respondents were scientifically selected so that the survey would be representative of all adults 18 years old and older. The sampling strategy was two-fold. 1) A random-digit-dial landline sample of telephone numbers which included both listed and unlisted numbers where the respondent within each household was randomly selected by computer based on the number of adults in the household (n=320). 2) A cell-phone only sample where the person answering the phone was selected as the respondent. A reimbursement of $20 was offered to respondents to cover the cost of incoming minutes (n=80). For the landline sample, weighting was based on the number of adults in the household and the number of residential phone numbers, excluding fax and computer lines, to take into account the probability of selection. For the cell-phone only sample, it was assumed the respondent was the primary cell phone user. Combined, post-stratification was conducted by sex and age to reflect the 2000 census proportion of these characteristics in the area. With a sample size of 400, the margin of error is ±5%. The margin of error for smaller subgroups is larger. 2005 Community Health Survey The 2005 Washington County Community Health Survey was conducted from May 26 through August 16, 2005. 400 random adults 18 years old or older within the county were interviewed by telephone. The sample of random telephone numbers included both listed and unlisted numbers. Respondents within each household were randomly selected by computer based on the number of adults in the household. At least 8 attempts were made to contact a respondent. Survey respondents were weighted based on the number of adults in the household and the number of residential phone numbers, excluding fax and computer lines, to take into account the probability of selection. Post-stratification was also done by sex and age to reflect the 2000 census


proportion of these characteristics in the area. With a sample size of 400, the margin of error is ±5%. The margin of error for smaller subgroups is larger. 2003 Community Health Survey The 2003 Washington County Community Health Survey was conducted from February 21 through May 30, 2003. 400 random adults 18 years old or older within the county were interviewed by telephone. The sample of random telephone numbers included both listed and unlisted numbers. At least 8 attempts were made to contact a respondent. Post-stratification was done by sex and age to reflect the 2000 census proportion of these characteristics in the area. With a sample size of 400, the margin of error is ±5%. The margin of error for smaller subgroups is larger.

Documents

Community Health Survey Report - · PDF fileHousehold Problem Associated with Alcohol ... in this report, one percentage point equals ... Washington County Community Health Survey