COMMUNITY-BASED WATERSHED MANAGEMENTchs.ubc.ca/brazil/Outputs/Annual Workplan_1999.pdf · Community-Based Watershed Management in Santo Andre 5 compiled in a systematic manner and

COMMUNITY-BASED WATERSHED MANAGEMENT

IN SANTO ANDRÉ

1999 ANNUAL WORKPLAN

Municipality of Santo André&

Centre for Human SettlementsUniversity of British Columbia

Community-Based Watershed Management in Santo Andre 1

Table of Contents

1.Introduction…………………………………………………………………

2. 1999 – 2000 Workplan

2.1 Part One………………………………………………………………

2.2 Part Two……………………………………………………………

3. Expected Project’s Results ………………………………………………..

4. Risk Management Strategy………………………………………………...

5. Outreach Strategy……………………………………………………...

6. Logical Framework Analysis……………………………………….

7. Annual Itemised Budget and Cash Flow Requirements……………….

8. Annexes

Annex 1 – CBWM Framework

Annex 2 –Information Gathering

Annex 3 - Pilot Project Survey Samples

Annex 4 – April/May Mission Report

Annex 5 – Agenda of April Workshop

2 Annual Workplan 1999-2000

1. INTRODUCTION

This report outlines the 1999 plans for the implementation of the Community-Based Watershed

Management in Santo André Project (CBWM). The project is supported by the Canadian

International Development Agency within the Canada-Brazil Technology Transfer Fund.

This report contains a workplan that details the activities carried out during the project’s

Inception Phase period from November 1998 to April 1999. It also contains summaries of

ongoing and future activities: Part One summarizes the activities developed from April to June

1999, and Part Two outlines activities that take place between July 1999 to March 2000.

The results of project activities are encouraging; Canadian and Brazilian teams have been

established and are working effectively toward meeting the project’s goals. The exchange of

ideas and information was an essential component of the first implementation stages, and the

success is due to the participation of both Brazilian and Canadian teams and the collaborating

institutions. Important advancements were made in establishing partnerships among team

members and developing a shared understanding of the project’s challenges and opportunities.

Plans for 1999 built on the strength of these partnerships. Implementation of the first pilot project

will provide the practical hands-on experiences necessary to make changes within a complex and

challenging reality.

Information gathering also played a critical role in the inception phase of the project, demanding

a lot of effort and time from the teams. The collecting and organising of data scattered amongst

several different agencies was a major challenge, and only rarely was the necessary information

available in an adequate format. In spite of the challenges, there were many accomplishments––

the first version of the CD-ROM presented at the April 1999 Workshop at the University of São

Paulo provides a concrete example of the work achieved to date.

In general, the activities carried out provided the teams with an opportunity to fine-tune the

organization to be followed in the next stages. This organization will aid in achieving the main

goal of this project: to make municipal watershed management in Santo André more effective


and responsive to the needs of informal settlements, and to create the basis for an

environmentally sustainable human settlement in the watershed area.

2. ANNUAL WORKPLAN 1999–2000

The 1999-2000 Annual Workplan is developed following the Inception Phase Report premises,

and is divided in two parts: Part One, which accounts for the activities developed until June 30,

1999, and Part Two which deals with the activities from July 1999 to March 2000.

In general, there are four categories of project activities that will be in development during 1999.

These activities will be conducted within the parameters of the planning process that is guiding

the overall project (see Annex 1). These activities are described below:

(1) Information gathering and diagnosis. This will provide the basis for the development of

a range of possible action options. For a detailed understanding of the watershed within

which Santo André is located, a diagnosis of the regional (Billings Reservoir Basin) as

well as the local (Rio Grande Arm) watershed are to be completed. Once the essential

problems and issues in the watershed are tackled, some initial possibilities for the future

development of Santo André Watershed Protection Area (WPA) will be explored.

(2) Formulation of the CBWM framework. Three working groups (land use and settlement

planning, social action and citizenship, and information management) will collect data,

process, and analyse them for a municipal CBWM strategy.

(3) Initiating Pilot Project 1. The initial steps of the upgrading plan for one settlement in the

watershed protection area – Parque Represa Billings Tres (an illegal subdivision) – will

allow the first steps toward implementation of CBWM methods.

(4) Training in CBWM. Training will be provided to the Brazilian participants in the areas of

conflict resolution, multi-stakeholder management, municipal management,

environmental education, community participation in planning processes, and


hypermedia data organization. The objective is that the Brazilian teams will become

familiar with the Canadian integrated watershed approach and the hypermedia technology

in order to use the experiences and data collected to develop the watershed management

framework on a continuous basis.

The project’s achievements are to be presented and developed further in workshops involving

stakeholders from municipal, state, and national levels, as well as universities, NGOs, and

community-based organizations (CBOs). The same process will occur in terms of establishing

linkages. Throughout the project’s first year, linkages between Canada and Brazil are being

developed via the participation of project partners and invited specialists in joint workshop and

training events.

2.1. Part One Activities: April- June 1999

I – Information Collection and Diagnosis

In terms of the activities involved in the information collection and diagnosis, there are two

stages covered in the period following the Inception Phase: Stage 1 - evaluation of the Billings

Reservoir Basin; and Stage 2- initial detailed environmental assessment of the Rio Grande Arm

Watershed (drinking water supply area).

Stage 1: Evaluation of the Billings Reservoir Basin

This stage consists of a regional evaluation of the water resources in the Billings Reservoir basin,

including water and land resources and processes of land use that significantly affect water

resources management. This stage represented a reconnaissance type of evaluation, and was

meant to be developed as a framework for the detailed watershed assessment, which is the Stage

2 objective.

Stage 1 comprised the collection of all biophysical and socio-economic data to be incorporated

into the hypermedia CD-ROM. This multimedia tool includes a combination of spreadsheets,

maps, images, graphics, and databases, which create an interdisciplinary and interactive

information system. For this evaluation, biophysical and socio-economic information was


compiled in a systematic manner and the data then assessed to determine the state and conditions

of the environment in the basin. At the same time, the essential land use activities responsible for

environmental degradation were identified. The entire Billings Basin was divided into sub-

watershed regions to allow evaluation of the geological, soil, land use, water quantity and

quality, drainage, sediment, biological and human resource conditions using a GIS-based overlay

technique.

The setting for this study was developed during the Inception Workshop held in Brazil in

November 1998. A list of all the critical resource information was compiled during the training

workshop in Vancouver during the January-February 1999 meeting, which led to the creation of

the first version of the hypermedia CD-ROM information system. Between February and June

1999, the remaining background information was compiled, evaluated, and incorporated into the

CD-ROM, permitting the identification of essential issues affecting the quality, quantity, and the

management of the water resources in the whole Billings Basin. Discussions on these issues were

conducted during the May 1999 workshop in Santo André, adding new dimensions to the data

organizing process. The initial plan was to have an overview of the resource conditions

completed by May 1999, but due to difficulties in collecting all data necessary, this task was

finished at the end of July 1999.

Stage 2: Detailed Environmental Assessment of the Rio Grande Arm Watershed

Stage 2 involves a more detailed assessment of the drinking water supply and storage area in the

Rio Grande Arm watershed (drinking water supply area). This evaluation emphasizes the

resources and the land uses that influence the quality and quantity of the water resources. It

comprises the appraisal of the biophysical conditions in the watershed, the historic changes in

land use, water utilisation, urban growth, and environmental conditions.

A water balance assessment will be part of this task, as well as a pollution loading assessment,

and a water protection strategy plan. This includes buffer zone assessment, drainage and

infiltration assessments, a preliminary stormwater management plan, a human waste

management strategy, and a framework for determining where urban settlement can be

accommodated within the watershed.


The information system at this stage will contain an evaluation of environmentally sensitive

areas (ESA’s), an assessment of past and current trends in land use and urbanisation, and an

evaluation of land use activities that are taking place in a sensitive environment. The data will

enable discussions about preventative planning measures (conservation) and the identification of

areas where rehabilitation work should be considered a priority.

The hypermedia CD-ROM will serve as a support tool for the planning process. It will be used

both as a means of organizing and presenting information, as well as serving as a heuristic tool.

The data gathering and organizing for this stage was initiated in April 1999 (see Annex 2). The

plan is to have this information system in place by the end of September 1999 in order to

elucidate a range of possible courses of action. These will then be narrowed down into a series

of practicable options, or elements, that will ultimately comprise the CBWM framework.

II –Formulation of the CBWM Framework

Development of the CBWM strategies has entailed extensive research in international

experiences relevant to the Santo André/Brazilian context. The development has also involved

the initial steps in the formulation of a comprehensive framework for the CBWM with a focus on

land use issues, settlement upgrading, and gender issues.

In terms of the whole Watershed Protection Area, secondary data referring to land use and tenure

aspects was collected and is being analyzed. This information included a survey about the

settlements in the Watershed Protection Area in Santo André that is being examined by Group 2-

Land Use, and Group 3-Community and Social Action.

Research related to settlements in the Watershed Protection Area of Santo André has been

conducted on the following topics: the tenure situation, land use, existing infrastructure and

services, housing standards, demographics, and social and economic data. The data collected was

organized within the proposed matrix (by place, including settlement typology and physical-

spatial characteristics, and by people, including social and economic characteristics, as per the


Inception Report) in order to facilitate the organization of the settlement planning process. The

information collected thus far is concentrated on settlement characteristics, and has not yet

explored alternative interventions and criteria for evaluation, which should be discussed in depth

during the next stages of the process.

Once all the information has been collected and analyzed, it will constitute the basis of possible

areas for action within the proposed CBWM framework

The Centre for Human Settlements is making a contribution by broadening the knowledge of the

Brazilian partners about gender, citizenship, and environmental issues applicable to the Santo

André context. The Brazilian partners have experience working with gender issues and

citizenship rights, but without an emphasis on environmental and volunteerism issues. This will

be accomplished through workshops with key government and NGO representatives that then

can transfer knowledge and skills to other groups and individuals, and through the incorporation

of gender analysis into the “learn-by-doing” pilot project.

In terms of data collection for this activity development, the Brazilian team has initiated an

extensive fieldwork survey within the Pilot Project 1 area, with the objective of defining the

social and economic profile of the residents as well as their expectations (see Annex 3 for

Questionnaire Sample).

III - Pilot Project

The Pilot Project 1 actions have started and comprise the following specific programs:

1. Continuing environmental education

2. Sanitation education

3. Sanitation follow-up

4. Chlorine distribution and control

5. Technical assistance (tenure regularisation, technical advice in building, etc.)

6. Monitoring and control of new occupations

7. Streets/road access maintenance

8. Potable water

9. Garbage collection


IV - Training In CBWM

The Canadian mission in May provided training related to CD-ROM production and data

collection. Details are available in Annex 4.

The June Conference of the Canadian Institute of Planners Forum on Governance, Municipal,

and Urban Environmental Management was an opportunity to expose the project to a Latin

American audience that shares the same problems related to urban watershed management. The

team representatives also had the opportunity to discuss the project and to strengthen the linkages

with the project Watershed 2000 in Sao Paulo, a Canada-Brazil Technology Transfer Fund

project.

2.2 Part Two Activities: July 1999-March 2000

I – Information Collection and Diagnosis

The data collection for the Rio Grande Arm Basin will continue; by October it will constitute the

basis for discussions about inputs for the Canada/Brazil workshop, where the final step of the

diagnosis will be established. For an activity list, please refer to Annex 2.

II –Formulation of the CBWM Framework

When the information has been collected, a number of strategies will be established to meet the

Watershed Protected Area communities’ needs. Through the monitoring of the Pilot Projects,

workshops, training sessions, public meetings, the communities’ problems will be discussed.

This process will lead to strategies to minimize and mitigate problems. The participatory process,

which involves communities, municipal officials, and NGOs, will be used to generate ideas and

possibilities that will ultimately be narrowed down into options. It willl serve to indicate what

needs to be done further for making this a sustainable community-based project.

III - Pilot Project

Following the implementation of the actions described in Part One, results will be monitored in

terms of proposed indicators. This is one of the ways in which we will be “learning-by-doing” on

the ground.


IV - Training in CBWM

The training sessions proposed for this period are:

• Conflict management (Santo André)

• Municipal management (Vancouver)

• Environmental education (Vancouver)

• Multimedia tools (Santo André)

• Community economic development (Santo André)

3. EXPECTED PROJECT RESULTS

In terms of capacity development and institutional strengthening, the outcome of the activities

will involve strengthening the ability of the Santo André Municipality and its partner

organizations to work within perspectives which emcompass gender and environmental issues.

These tools can then be incorporated into all institutional development programs. Another

expected outcome is the empowerment of the community as a process that allows residents to

participate fully in the management of all aspects related to the WPA.

4. RISK MANAGEMENT STRATEGY

The successful development of these planned activities involves the identification and effective

engagement of all stakeholders in data gathering and analysis. This is very important in order to

avoid any gaps in the representation of the complexities of watershed protection issues. In

addition, it is important to be sure of the support of all the stakeholders and responsible agencies

(in terms of available funding) to endorse and contribute to the first steps of implementing the

CBWM framework.

The risks are that key stakeholders will not be sufficiently involved, some data will be

incomplete or unavailable, and the participation and support of all participants could not be

obtained. In order to minimize these risks, all the agencies, institutions and potential stakeholders

are been encouraged to participate with frequent debriefings and follow-up contacts.


The anticipated risk of non-availability and lack of commitment by the staff of the municipality

of Santo André has not been a problem, but it will continue to be monitored.

5. OUTREACH STRATEGY

Institutional Mechanisms and Communications Strategy

The project includes a number of activities designed to disseminate lessons learned in Santo

André to other municipalities in the ABC Region, the SPMA, and São Paulo State during the last

phases, but this dissemination is already happening through the open workshops organized in

April, and the one to be held in October 1999. Also, constant contact with the institutions,

especially at the state level, will assure that the lessons will be available to all parties interested

in community-oriented watershed management.

There are links to other projects with related focus areas that provide opportunities for building

synergies during the development of this phase. They also provide an opportunity to put in place

relationships that will sustain the community-based watershed management process in Santo

André and in the municipalities after the project’s implementation.

These include:

• The Intermunicipal Consortium ABC. Santo André is an important member of the

Intermunicipal Consortium ABC, and participates actively in the Water Basin Subcommittee,

which will aid in the dissemination process.

• CBWM project partners. Other project partners will also play key roles in this dissemination

process.

• Watershed Management 2000. The complementary nature of the CIDA-funded Watershed

Management 2000 project provides potential for the projects to work together. At one level,

cooperation is possible in Watershed Management 2000’s focus on the Piracicaba River

Basin where the work includes two pilot projects. As in the CBWM project, this project

intends to practice multi-stakeholder negotiation and consultation to develop consensus on

plans to address issues of water use conflict, industrial pollution, and contaminated sites

rehabilitation.


• Collaborating institutions. Links are being developed with important collaborating

institutions on other projects. For instance, Environment Canada is working with São Paulo

State Water and Sanitation Company (SABESP), as well as with the State Environmental

Protection Company (CETESB), both of which will be drawn into the Santo André project

by playing a useful role in working with the marginalized favela population in Santo André.

• Health Promotion in Action Project. A link has been established with this project within

TTF-CIDA, as there are health-related issues in CBWM that could benefit from the findings

of this project.

• TTF projects. There are potential linkages to be explored around two other TTF projects: the

Ombudsman Project and the Volunteerism and Fundraising Project. These two projects will

be dealing with issues potentially important to the effective implementation of the CBWM

strategies in Santo André and will provide valuable subsidies to the CBWM initiatives.

• German Agency for Technical Cooperation (GTZ). A project funded by GTZ has recently

commenced and is aimed at the implementation of a micro-credit system in Santo André.

Part of the work will be implemented in favelas in Santo André and will be highly relevant to

a key element necessary to ensure the sustainability of project impacts – i.e. community

economic development. Conversely, some of the results of the project with CIDA can serve

as input into the micro-credit work with GTZ.

• Canada-Brazil university linkages. At an inter-university level, development of Canada-

Brazil linkages will enrich the Canadian partner’s student bodies, teaching programs, applied

research experience, and ongoing contributions to development. It will also help other

Canadians to establish mutually beneficial contacts with Brazilian academics who are

actively involved in a wide range of technological and socioeconomic development, thus

enhancing cultural ties and commercial linkages.

• São Paulo government linkages. Related initiatives underway in several government agencies

in São Paulo are being explored. They will provide an opportunity to learn from the

experiences shared and documented and develop other institutional linkages. These include

World Bank funded projects in the Guarapiranga Reservoir Basin, the Billings Reservoir

Recovery Program, as well as the IADB favela upgrading program in neighbouring São

Paulo City.


In terms of the longer-term upgrading, the legal mechanisms are in place to support such

initiatives. The 1997 Law of Recovery and Protection of Watersheds provides Santo André with

the legal jurisdiction to follow through with the implementation of a CBWM system and for this

to inform the ongoing implementation of its upgrading program. At this stage of the project, all

the information and discussions related to these local legislative possibilities are being explored

and developed.

It is important to take in to consideration that larger scale upgrading, however, requires

significant capital investment, which is beyond the scope of this project. What this project is

providing are the tools (policies, plans, methods, and skills) that will guide a longer-term

physical upgrade of favelas in the Watershed Protection Area.

As part of the CBWM strategies for future physical upgrading for effective integration of

informal settlements into the urban system, the project will put in place detailed upgrading plans.

These plans can serve as an input into large-scale funding proposals from agencies, such as

InterAmerican Development Bank (IADB) or the World Bank, for the capital costs of upgrading.

6. LOGICAL FRAMEWORK ANALYSIS

The purpose and goal of the project are defined in a comprehensive Logical Framework Analysis

that forms the basis for the cooperation between the two partners in this project. The LFA

outlines the key elements of the three-year project, shared goals and expected outcomes and

impacts.

The long-term goal of the project, to improve human settlement in the watershed area of Santo

André through a participatory and environmentally sensitive management strategy, has been

addressed by a wide range of training activities developed in order to use Canadian expertise to

maximize the interaction between the project partners. Also, the opportunity offered to the

Brazilian partners to visit in loco Canadian initiatives has been extraordinarily successful,

providing both sides with insightful and challenging questions.


The long-term impacts of the project are expected to be:

• less damage to the environment by settlements in sensitive watershed areas, especially in

informal settlements, and

• an effective stewardship consciousness for the watershed area residents.

The project is developing new methodologies that will consolidate into continuing long-term

arrangements for a sustainable management of sensitive areas. The delivery of the project is

organized according to specific purposes, which, with their outcomes, form the framework for

the short-term achievements that are expected during the period of the project, as detailed in the

LFA

the LFA as per the Inception Report

14 Annex 1

Annex 1

Considerations about the Planning Process for a Community based watershedMagnagement *

a. The planning process

A legalistic approach towards environmental management has been shown to be ineffective in

Brazil. This is consistent with experience in other countries. Master Plans and legal rules are

often simply ignored, or are so out of touch with actual development taking place on the ground,

that their effective implementation is impossible anyway1. It is in this context that the

municipality of Santo André has embarked on the design and implementation of a community

based watershed management (CBWM) framework, which represents a fundamental change in

the way planning and watershed management has traditionally been conducted in Brazilian cities

and states. These innovations are supported by the 1997 legislation, which sets the parameters

within which individual municipalities can formulate and enact plans to manage watershed areas

under their jurisdiction.

An important element of the approach being used in Santo André is that the CBWM framework

is the outcome of the planning process. This is in direct contrast to Master Planning, where the

plans or frameworks are the starting point, into which ‘reality’ on the ground is then supposed to

fit. The planning process being used in the formulation of a CBWM framework is presented

below and in figure 4 as a number of stages. These are organized as including the main stages of

the project cycle: problem definition, defining goals and objectives, design, implementation and

ongoing operation and management. This is not to suggest a simple, linear sequence of steps;

rather, timing of stages overlap, iterations are necessary, and there are recursions of some

elements of the planning process.

* The first part of this text is compiled from a forthcoming article by B. van Horen1 The political gyrations involved in developing the 1992 Master Plan for São Paulo – and which was nevereffectively implemented anyway – are described in Singer, P. 1993. São Paulo’s Master Plan, 1989-92: the politicsof urban space. Woodrow Wilson International Centre for Scholars: Washington DC. For an internationalperspective on problems with Master Planning, see Rondinelli, D. (1993), Development projects as policyexperiments, Routledge, London, pages 90-117; Devas, N. (1993), “Evolving approaches” in N. Devas and C.Rakodi (editors), Managing fast growing cities: new approaches to urban planning and management in thedeveloping world. Longman, Singapore, pages 72-73.


1. Problem definition. As a starting point, we need to be clear about precisely why an

intervention is necessary at all. As described above, the essence of the problem within Santo

André – and, indeed, throughout the SPMA – is that uncontrolled human settlement results in

damage to environmentally sensitive areas and adversely affects the quality of life for people

in the area, most visibly those living in informal settlements. The immediate planning

problem that arises is that there is no framework or comprehensive framework to guide future

settlement, or to address existing settlement in the watershed protection area.

2. Goal and objectives. Given the problem, what do we wish to achieve? The long-term goal is

to achieve a balance between human settlement and the environment in such a way that

environmental damage is reduced, undamaged areas are protected, and quality of life is

improved. Within this context, the immediate objective of the planning process is to develop

a comprehensive framework outlining what steps need to be taken to ensure that this balance

is achieved, and a strategy to ensure implementation of the framework.

At this point, monitoring criteria need to be defined. These enable ongoing assessment of

whether (a) the CBWM framework addresses the goal (balance between human settlement

and the environment), and (b) steps taken throughout the planning process contribute to the

achievement of the objective (a comprehensive CBWM framework and strategy for

implementation).

3. Design. What, then, needs to be done in order to achieve the objective of designing a CBWM

framework? There are a number of stages in this design process2:

• Gathering and organizing information. Here, primary and secondary data is collected

about the people, places and institutions in the watershed protection area in order to

provide a more detailed understanding of the problem to be addressed. A diagnosis of the

regional Basin and the local watershed is conducted in order to determine the primary

causes of deteriorating quality of the environment and of peoples’ quality of life.

Importantly, the information needs to be organized in such a way that it is accessible to

2 These stages are drawn from Boothroyd, P. (1991) Developing community planning skills: applications of a sevenstep model. Centre for Human Settlements, University of British Columbia, Vancouver.

16 Annex 1

all stakeholders, and it provides a basis for exploration of realistic intervention

possibilities.

• Generating ideas as to the range of elements that could comprise a watershed

management framework. This is an ongoing process, involving all the stakeholders that

have an interest in the watershed – residents, community-based organizations, municipal

officials, NGOs, politicians, metropolitan and state level institutions. The interests of all

stakeholders are articulated via workshops, seminars, public meetings, informal

communication, training courses and “learning by doing” in pilot upgrading projects in

the watershed protection area.

• Generating realistic options, or elements, of a watershed management framework. Many

ideas will have been generated in the previous step. These are now systematically

organized into practicable categories that constitute the basic elements – or skeleton – of

the CBWM framework. Each of these elements is then evaluated in terms of the extent to

which they separately, and collectively, contribute to the achievement of the goal.

• CBWM framework. Decisions are them made to integrate elements into a comprehensive

CBWM framework that is considered most effective in achieving the goal and, therefore,

in addressing the problems identified at the outset. This is linked to a strategy for

implementation, which takes particular account of political and legal imperatives.

These four main components of the design stage – information collection, generating

ideas, narrowing them into options, and making decisions – are also applicable when planning

the implementation stage, as well as when planning watershed management into the longer-term.

4. Implementation. Involvement of the Mayor and senior officials throughout the planning

process should increase the likelihood of the municipal political establishment formally

accepting and implementing the recommended CBWM framework. Likewise, the

participatory planning process is designed such that people will have an interest in successful

implementation of plans to which they contributed.

5. Ongoing management. The framework provides the basis for ongoing adaptive management

of the watershed protection area. This framework is not a fixed, static set of rules to be

applied to the problem at hand. Rather, it is an adaptive management framework that will be


continually revised based on ‘learning by doing’, in order to take into account changing

circumstances on the ground as well as lessons learned in various stages of the planning

process.

Let us now consider this planning process as it relates to one of the many aspects of the problem

– land use and settlement planning – and at what this means for the formulation of a CBWM

framework for the area.

18 Annex 1

Figure 3. The CBWM planning process

How can we (a) more fully understand theproblem and (b) provide a basis to generateactionable options?

What are the range of things that can be done toachieve the goal?

How do we narrow down and organize the range ofpossibilities into practicable options or elements of aframework for action?

Gather and

organize

Generate

practicable

Generate

range of

What is the result of the design phase of the planningprocess?

CBWMFramework

IMPLEMENTATION

DESIGN

ONGOINGMANAGEMENT

DEFINE THEPROBLEM

Why intervene at all?

What are we attempting to achieve?DEFINE GOAL& OBJECTIVES


In order to facilitate the discussion agenda of the meetings the chart below was developed

enclosing key questions and samples of approaches to the planning process.

Planning the planning process[how will we do (= method)]-- now

Substantive Planning[MT – during life of CIDA project -outcome/results]

n+ImPla(LT

1. DEFINE THE PROBLEM (why intervene?)

No framework to guide land use andsettlement in watershed protection area

Daarepar

2. DEFINE THE GOAL (what do we want to achieve?)

Planning process must:• Be participatory• Produce product• Not result in conflict• …

What should the result of the planningprocess be? (= purpose in RBM lingo)• Watershed management plan• Strategy for implementation of the plan• Criteria to monitor design and

implementation

WhachBaand• •

3. GATHER ANDORGANIZE INFORMATION(how can we (a) understandthe problem and (b) provide abasis to generate options?)

How will information be collected?• Primary data collection• Secondary data collectionHow will information be organized?• CD-ROM

What kind of information needs to becollected?• Socio-economic• Physical, spatial• Institutional

4. GENERATE IDEAS(how can we develop a rangeof activities that couldcontribute to achieving thegoal?)

How will the process generate ideas?• Workshops• Pilot projects• Public meetings• Training ….

What are the range of things that could bedone to achieve the goal?• New planning & mgmt approach ….• ….??•

5. GENERATE OPTIONS(how do we organize thesepossibilities into practicableoptions/elements?)

How will ideas be reduced to options?• Decision trees• Political imperatives• …

What are the categories/elements into whichwe can organize ideas into practicableelements?• New land use and upgrading plan• New water quality mgmt plan• New regulatory framework ..•

6. PROS AND CONS(How do we assess whetheroptions/elements address theplanning goals?)

How will pros and cons be assessed?• Goals achievement matrix• Monitoring criteria and indicators

How do we determine whether the elementsseparately and collectively contribute to thegoal?• With reference to monitoring indicators

7. DEFINE THE RESULTSOF THE PLANNINGPROCESS(what is the result or productemerging from the planningprocess?)

What will be the result of the n-1planning process?• A plan for developing the CBWM

framework

What will be the result of the planningprocess? (=outcome in RBM lingo)• Recommended CBWM plan• Strategy for implementation

Whimfra•

20 Annex 2

ANNEX 2

Information Gathering

The work related to the Billings-Tamanduatei Basin was organized in the following areas within

the Brazilian team:

Cartography – SEMASA/DDU

General physiographical data – SEMASA

Vegetation – SEMASA

Hydrology – SEMASA

Water Quality – SEMASA

Water Biota – SEMASA

Infrastructure and Services – SEMASA/ DDU

Land Use – DDU

Demographics – DDU

Social and economic indexes – DDU

Existing plans and projects – SEMASA/DDU

Note: The diagnosis of the Billings-Tamanduatei Basin is based only on existing data, which are

being identified and organized.

First Group - Information Management

The information to be used for the Phase 1 Evaluation will be linked to a geo-referenced

database that consist of a topographic map outlining the Billings Reservoir watershed boundary,

the major stream network and the major sub-basin that make up the watershed area. The climatic

and hydrological data, the geologic and soil resource information, the water quality and aquatic

biota data, and the land use and socio-economic data will all be collected at the sub-watershed

levels and a summary of the overall conditions in each sub-watershed will then presented on a

simple GIS based map format. The maps will be linked to graphics, images and databases using


the Toolbook hypermedia program. This tool allows us to organize the information, link it with

audio-visual material, and facilitates the integration, access and display of the information. The

evaluation of the Billings Reservoir Basin will be in form of a self-executing CD-ROM program

that is easily accessible and can readily be distributed. and will represent a reconnaissance level

evaluation of the Region. Because of the flexible nature of the technology, the information can

readily be upgraded as new information becomes available.

The information management for Phase 2 will be done in a similar manner, but at a more detailed

scale. The watershed area will be delineated on the large scale topographic map, and digital

geologic and soils map will be incorporated into the database. Land use and land cover changes

will be examined over historic times to determine trends and the water resource information will

be added in an overlay process. Where possible a GIS approach will be followed and information

will be displayed in a geo-referenced manner. An environmentally sensitive area assessment

(ESA) will be carried out using the ABC method3 and the current land use will then be

superimposed on the ESA map to determine where preventative measures are most appropriate

and where the focus should be on rehabilitation work. Again, databases will be linked to the

maps and images using the “Toolbook” program and compiled onto a CD-ROM for easy access

and distribution.

Training is provided to the Brazilian participants on a continuing basis so that they become

familiar with the integrated watershed approach, the hyper-media technology, and the evaluation

methods. The CD-ROM will be designed in a collaborative manner and produced by the

Brazilian team with assistance from UBC. An English and Portuguese version is to be created

and options hard-copy production of selective CD-ROM frames will be provided.

Second Group - Social Action & Citizenship

The approach to land use planning in Brazilian cities has historically been exclusionary in nature.

CBWM, by contrast, recognizes that communities possess a great deal of useful knowledge that

is a crucial ingredient for planning. Consequently, the process is designed to include a wide

22 Annex 2

range of stakeholders in the conceptualization, design, and implementation of planning

guidelines. In particular, this includes marginalized groups such as low-income favela

communities, women, and “illegal” residents who have traditionally been excluded from

decision-making processes. The participatory component of CBWM includes specific attention

to participatory action research, social impact assessment, community economic development,

gender planning and environmental education.

Participatory action research which recognizes that communities need to define their own

problems, develop methods to research these problems and evolve solutions is the guiding

research method of the project. Social impact assessement will be integrated into the “learn-by-

doing” pilot project in order to fully consider the full range of effects, including unintended

effects (or externalities) of policies. This will assist Santo André and the São Paulo regional

authorities to build capacity for integrating SIA into future planning for land use and favela

upgrading. Community economic development initiatives which emphasize collective self-help

traditions will be fully integrated into any proposals to help informal watershed communities

improve their standard of living. Gender planning will ensure that the role of women as

community leaders and educators will be emphasized in the project, as well as the recognition

that women’s needs must be integrated into employment and income-generating programs.

Environmental education is a critical component of the project in that it will be used to educate

communities about the importance of CBWM at the same time as providing opportunities for

communities to educate government officials about their needs.

Third Group - Land use and settlement planning

It is necessary to understand current land use and settlement patterns in the WPA, and what

directions future development could take. To this end, the Land Use and Settlement Planning

group will start by developing typologies of settlement/land use types relevant to the Watershed

Protection Area (WPA). This will feed into the development of possible land use and settlement

scenarios for the WPA which will focus on alternative approaches for upgrading of existing

informal settlements in the WPA, and a framework to guide future settlement in the WPA.


Initially we are thinking of organizing this in matrix form - on the vertical axis is the range of

settlement types under consideration (slums, and settlements with differing levels of illegality

(pre-76, post-76, those inherited from boundary adjustments). On the horizontal axis are the

characteristics of each settlement type. These is being organized according to the following

three categories:

• "people" (= socio-economic, or what are the characteristics of the population in a particular

settlement circumstance?)

• "place" (= physical/spatial, or what are the characteristics of the place which is being

considered), and

• "institutions" (= political/legal, which is perhaps a way of articulating the range of

impositions by the state and non-governmental actors).

These three categories could then be divided and subdivided, to fit actual cases and also to

ensure that we address the key problems faced in SA's WPA - that you identified in our

discussion last week.

In developing this framework, the Santo André teams are collecting and organizing information

relevant to each settlement type in the WPA (ie. people/place/institutions). In addition, a clear

picture of existing guidelines for service delivery used by institutions working in the area is

being compiled. This includes SEMASA’s approach to be used in delivering services to Parque

Andreense, as well as existing Housing and Urban Development guidelines for the WPA area as

a whole. International approaches to upgrading the various settlement types found in the WPA,

and guiding the growth of such areas will be examined and, where applicable, will serve as an

input into the formulation of the strategy for Santo André.

The output of this group will be to formulate a framework for upgrading of slums and illegal

settlements in Santo André’s WPA, and to develop a strategy for guiding future land use and

settlement in the WPA. It is likely that different strategies and therefore frameworks will be

required for the different land use and settlement types, and so this exercise will draw from prior

experience in Santo André, international experience, as well as from lessons learned during the

first pilot project in Parque Andreense.

24 Annex 2

Fourth Group - Institutional framework

Due to the nature of the existing institutional structure of the Santo André Municipal

Government, we envision the work of the Institutions Working Group to consist largely of

assisting the other three working groups on the institutional implications of their activities. The

Information System Working Group, for example, will need to coordinate their work with the

various agencies of the government which are involved in environmental management and

development in the watershed protection zone. The question of who needs what information and

how access to the data base will be organized will be coordinated through the Institutions

Working Group over the course of the project. This will in turn link to the ongoing activities of

the Land Use and Settlement Planning Working Group and the Socio-economic Development

Working Group. Similarly, activities of these other two groups will need to be undertaken in

consideration of synergies and possible coordination problems arising from existing structures of

relevant agencies. Beyond this advisory role during the course of the project, discrete activities

of the Institutions Working Group will consist of two workshops (or components of workshops)

to be organized near the end of the project. The first will be an evaluation of institutional

working arrangements between the activities of the other three working group, with the intention

of identifying improvements to institutional structures of the municipal government, based on the

outcomes of project activities. The second will be linked to broader dissemination activities,

with the interest of communicating the lessons of institutional coordination for community based

watershed management to other municipalities and intermunicipal agencies which are involved

in watershed protection areas elsewhere in the Sao Paulo Region.


ANNEX 3CBWM SA Survey

We want to ask you a set of questions about your household and how it functions. This will helpus to do better planning for your community’s needs. The survey should not take more than 30minutes.

1. How many households live on this plot? ________

2. How many people live in your household? _________

3. For you and people in your household please give the following information:

Name 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9RelationshiptoRespondentSexAgeCivil StatusEducationType ofWorkEarn IncomeAmount ofContributiontoHouseholdExpensesNumber ofDaysWorked (onaverage)each week

4. Who makes the decisions in your family in terms of:

1) Buying food? a) Woman ____ b) Man ____ c) Joint ____

2) Choosing where to send your children to school? a) Woman ____ b) Man ____ c) Joint____

3) Handling finances? ? a) Woman ____ b) Man ____ c) Joint ____

26 Annex 2

4) Relationship with government institutions? ? a) Woman ____ b) Man ____ c) Joint____

5. Who is the main person in your household who:

1) takes care of small children in the household? a) Woman ____ b) Man ____ c) Joint____ Specify (i.e., grandmother, daughter) _______________________

2) does the cooking? a) Woman ____ b) Man ____ c) Joint ____ Specify (i.e.,grandmother, daughter) _______________________

3) does the housekeeping? a) Woman ____ b) Man ____ c) Joint ____ Specify (i.e.,grandmother, daughter) _______________________

4) does the house maintenance? a) Woman ____ b) Man ____ c) Joint ____ Specify(i.e., grandmother, daughter) _______________________

6. What % of household income (per month) is spent on:

1) food _________________

2) fuel _________________

3) housing (rent) ______________

4) health services ______________

5) education ______________

6) transport ___________

7) water ____________

8) other (specify) ___________

7. Who has the final word on decisions that concern the household members such as control ofthe bank account? ______________________

8. Are you a member of any group or organization? This includes groups such as those tryingto improve the conditions of houses and services in this community, or groups related to savings,welfare, income generation, church, etc.) a) Yes ____ b) No ____

9. If so, please specify the group and its purpose.

Name of Group/Organization Purpose of Group


1)______________________________________________________________________

2)______________________________________________________________________

3)______________________________________________________________________

10. Are you in a leadership position in a group or organization you work(ed) with? (For example,chairperson, secretary, treasurer, etc. Define based on local traditions)

a) Yes ____ b) No ____ c) Not Applicable (don’t participate in any organization)

11. If yes, please specify the group and your position.

Name of Group/Organization Position1)______________________________________________________________________

2)______________________________________________________________________

3)______________________________________________________________________

11. What are your three most pressing problems in having a decent place to live?

1)______________________________________________________________________

2)______________________________________________________________________

3)______________________________________________________________________

12. Do you vote in local or community elections?

a) Yes ____ b) No ____ c) No Response/ Not Applicable

12. Do you vote in municipal elections?

a) Yes ____ b) No ____ c) No Response/ Not Applicable

28 Annex 2

AREA DOS MANANCIAIS DE SANTO ANDRÉ – PESQUISA DE CAMPO

NOME: ___________________________________________________________ NªQuestinário |__|__|__|__|- |__|

ENDEREÇO:_______________________________________________Nº____________Compl_______________

BAIRRO: ___________________________________ CIDADE: _________________

ENTREVISTADOR(A): ___________________________________DATA:___/___/99CRÍTICA:______________ DATA ___/___99

Bom dia/tarde. Eu sou (NOME) da PMSA. Nós estamos realizando uma pesquisa aqui no seu bairro,gostaríamos de contar com a sua colaboração. CASO ENTREVISTADO NÃO CONCORDE ENCERRE

A- COMPOSIÇÃO FAMILIAR

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9NOME POSIÇÃO

NAFAMÍLIA

SEXO1-MASC2-FEM

IDADE ESTUDA1- SIM2- NÃO

NOBAIRRO1- SIM2- NÃO

ESCOLARIDADE

OCUPAÇÃO

SETOR DEATIVIDADE

MUNICÍPIQUETRABALH

1 |2 |3 |4 |5 |6 |7 |8 |9 |10|11|12|

OBS CIRCULE O NÚMERO INDICANDO QUEM É O ENTREVISTADO Para as colunas a 1 e as de 6 a 9 utilize os cartões de 1 a 5 Em outros rendimentos se houver, coloque os valores referentes a pensões, bicos, aposentadorias etc..

B- CARACTERÍSTICAS DO IMÓVEL

1- Há quanto tempo o Sr(ª) mora aqui?

Deste 19__________________ou há ____________anos

2- Antes o Sr (ª) morava?1- Santo André. Qual bairro ____________ 5- Ribeirão Pires2- São Bernardo 6- São Paulo3- São Caetano 7- Diadema4- Mauá 8 - Outro Qual?_________

3- Esta residência é?


1- Própria. paga com escritura 2- Própria, paga sem escritura3- Própria - não acabou de pagar 4- Alugado5- Cedido por terceiros 6- Invadido

4- Qual o tipo de construção feita ? 1- Casa térrea 2- 2 Pavimentos 3- 3 ou + Pavimentos 4-Barraco 5- Cômodo

5- Qual o material usado na construção? 1- Madeira 2- Alvenaria 3- Misto

6- Uso do dado a está construção ? [ ] Use o cartão 6

7- Quantos cômodos no total tem a casa? _________________ 8.1- Destes quantos servem de dormitório?_____________ 8.2- E quantos são Banheiros ?_________________

9 Pretende ampliar o n.º de cômodos? 1- Sim 2- Não

10- Se Sim. Quantos? ______________________

11- O Sr(ª) predente fazer está ampliação em? 1- Nos próximos 3 meses 2- Nos próximos 6 meses 3- Daqui um 1 ano 4-Sem prazo previsto

C- INFRA -ESTRUTURA ⇒⇒⇒⇒ ESTE BLOCO TEM COMO FINALIDADE COLETAR INFORMAÇÕES SOBRE ASCONDIÇÕES DE SANEMENTO DODOMICÍLIO E DO BAIRRO. AQUI DEVERIA CONSTAR AS QUESTÕES DO SEMASA,PORÉM, O QUESTIONÁRIOENVIADO NÃO CONTINHAM QUESTÕES QUE PODESSEM SER APROVEITADAS PARA REALIDADE LOCAL DOMESMO FOI COLOCADO APENAS AS QUETÕES 31 E 32 COM PODE SE OBSERVADO A SEGUIR..

12- A água que abastece sua casa vem:? 1- Do poço 2- Do caminhão 3- Da represa 4- Da rede da rua

13- De algum modo o Sr(ª) trata esta água que usa? 1- Sim 2- Não

13.1 SE SIM COMO?

1- Garrafa clorada 2 - uso outro produto 3 −−−− Apenas ferve a água

14- O Sr(ª) Já recebeu alguma Orientação da PMSA ou do SEMASA quando ao tratamento da água? 1- Sim 2- Não

15- A sua Casa tem? 1- Fossa negra 2- Fossa Séptica 3- Vala 4- Não tem nenhuma canalização para o esgoto

16- O Sr(ª) Já recebeu alguma Orientação da PMSA ou do SEMASA quando ao tratamento do esgoto? 1- Sim 2- Não

31 O que representa o SEMASA para voce? Voce conhece o GEREM? ( ) sim ( ) não

32 Voce aceitaria fazer algum trabalho junto com o SEMASA - Serviço Municipal de Saneamento Ambiental deSanto André - e que resultasse na melhoria da sua qualidade de Vida? ( ) sim ( ) não

30 Annex 2

PARA 31 SUGERIMOS

17 - O Sr(ª) sabe o que significa o SEMASA? 1- E o órgão/ serviço da prefeitura que cuida da água 2 - E a SABESP de Santo André 3- E o órgão/ serviço da prefeitura que cuida da água e esgoto 4 - Outro Qual?_______________

18- O Sr(ª) conhece ou ouviu falar do GEREM? 1- Sim 2 - Não18.1 PARA QUEM DISSE SIM PERGUNTE: - O Sr(ª) sabe o que ele faz?

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________Para 3219- O Sr(ª) gostaria de fazer algum trabalho junto com o SEMASA que resultasse na melhoria da condição devida aqui no bairro? 1- Sim 2- Não20- De que forma é a alimentação de energia elétrica na sua casa? Entrevistador citar as alternativas. 1- Com Relógio Próprio 2- Com Relógio para mais de uma casa 3- Sem Relógio

21- Qual a destinação que o Sr(ª) dá para o seu lixo? 1- Coleta pública 2- Queimado/ Enterrado 3- A céu aberto

D - BLOCO MULHER

22- A Sra. possui alguma atividade remunerada? 1- Sim - QUAL ___________________ 2 Não

PARA QUEM RESPONDEU QUE SIM - PROSSIGA SE NÃO PULE PARA 2523 - Esta Atividade é feita ? 1- Na sua Casa 2- Fora de casa

24 - Esta Atividade é ? 1- Registrada 2- Sem registro

25- A Sra. não exerce nenhuma atividade porque ? 1- Está desempregada 2- Não tem mais idade 3- Doença / Invalidez 4- Não possui nenhuma qualificação 5- Não há necessidade

26- Em relação a organização e execução dos trabalhos Domésticos a Sra. Diria que é ? 1- É responsável pela organização e execução. 2- É responsável apenas pela organização e outra pessoa executa 3- Não é responsável pela organização ou execução de nenhum trabalho doméstico

AS PRÓXIMAS PERGUNTAS SÃO SUGESTÕES AS ENVIADAS PELA SRª MATILDE.

4 Tem participação em: Instituições Locais ( ) Associações de Moradores ( ) Clube de Mães ( ) Instituições Religiosas ( ) Partidos Políticos ( ) Outro.Quais?--------------------------------------------------------------------------Programas da PMSA


( ) MOVA ( ) Orçamento Participativo ( ) Saúde da Família ( ) Educação Ambiental ( ) Outro.Quais?--------------------------------------------------------------------------

SUGESTÃO27- A Sra. participa das Instituições locais? 1- sim 2 - Não

28 - Se sim Quais 1- Associações de Moradores 2- Instituições Religiosas 3- Clube de Mães 4- Partido Político 5 Outros Quais?_________________________________

29- A Sra. participa dos Programas da PMSA? 1- sim 2 - Não

30 - Se sim Quais 1-MOVA 2- Saúde da Família 3- Orçamento Participativo 4- Educação Ambiental 5- Outro Qual?______________________________________

31- A sua participação ocorre ao nível de? 1- Liderança 2- Membro/ associado

5. Interesses de Participação

( ) Atividades Culturais Quais___________________________( ) Curso: Corpo Saudável, a prevenção é o remédio (quintas feiras jun. / jul.) ( ) Oficina: Mulher e Meio Ambiente (agosto) ( ) Cursos/Oficinas Sobre:--------------------------------------------------------------------------

SUGESTÃO32- Gostaria saber se há, de sua parte interesse em participar das atividades que vou citar? 1- Sim 2- Não [ ] Curso : Corpo Saudável, a prevenção é o remédio(quintas feiras jun./jul.) [ ] Oficina: Mulher e Meio Ambiente (agosto) [ ] Atividades Culturais. Se sim Quais: _______________________________________ [ ] Outros Curso ou Oficinas sobre: ________________________________________

6 Na sua opinião, o que seria necessário ser feito para melhorar:

. a vida das mulheres ________________________________________________ . a vida dos jovens ________________________________________________ . a vida das mulheres ________________________________________________

SUGESTÃO

32 Annex 2

33- A Sra. poderia me dizer uma coisa que faria para melhorar a:

1 A vida das Mulheres_______________________________________________

2 A vida dos jovens: _______________________________________

3 A condição do seu Bairro: ________________________________________

E- AVALIAÇÃO DO SEU BAIRRO34- Vou citar algumas Frases e gostaria que o Sr(a) responde-se de acordo com o cartão 7 seconcorda ou discorda em que grau?

Concorda DiscordaFRASE 1 2 3 41- Morar aqui é bom, não pretendo sair daqui 1 2 3 4 2-Este bairro e igual aos outros de Santo André 1 2 3 4 3- A vizinhança e boa, não tenho problemas com eles! 1 2 3 4 4- Morar aqui e passageiro, prefiro outro lugar 1 2 3 4 5- A vizinhança não é das melhores 1 2 3 46- Acredito que não haverá melhorias no bairro 1 2 3 4

⇓⇓⇓⇓OBSERVAÇÃO: ESTES SÃO EXEMPLOS DE FRASES QUE PODERIA CONSTAR DA AVA\LIAÇÃO DOBAIRRO, SUGERIMOS 10 FRASES DE PREFERÊNCIA UMAS POSITIVAS OUTRAS NEGATIVAS

F- DADOS DE CLASSIFICAÇÃO

35- Agora, gostaria de saber para fins de classificação sócio econômica, qual desse itens o Sr(ª) temem casa?

ITEM Nãotem

1 2 3 4 5 6 ou+

TELEVISÃO A CORES 0 4 7 11 14 18 22RÁDIO 0 2 3 5 6 8 9

ASPIRADOR DE PÓ 0 6 6 6 6 6 6MÁQUINA DE LAVAR ROUPA 0 8 8 8 8 8 8

BANHEIROS 0 2 5 7 10 12 15EMPREGADA MENSALISTA 0 5 11 16 21 26 32

AUTOMÓVEL 0 4 9 13 18 22 26VÍDEO CASSETE 0 10 10 10 10 10 10

GELADEIRA 0 7 7 7 7 7 7

ESCOLARIDADE DO CHEFE DE FAMÍLIA:

ABIPEME1 -Analfabeto/Primário Incompleto 0


2 -Primário Completo/Ginásio Incompleto 53 -Ginásio Completo/Colegial Incompleto 104 -Colegial Completo/Superior Incompleto 155 -Superior 21

Total depontos ?________

Classe_________ ABIPEME

A classe social deriva do total de pontos acumulado, de acordo com ositens que possui mais o grau de instrução d o chefe de família. Gerando

as classes:A- >=89 Pontos; B- 59 A 88 Ptos; C- 35 A 58 Ptos; D-10 A 34 Ptos; E- 0

A 09 Ptos

34 Annex 2

ANNEX 4

April/May Mission

The second training activity and seminar for the project “Community-Based Watershed Management(CBWM) in Santo André” was held in Santo André from April 26 to May 8, 1999. This reportprovides an outline of the activities undertaken during the two-week Canadian mission. The reportalso covers activity development and provides a framework of the activities to be pursued within thenext phases of the project. This framework incorporates the adjustments made to the initial project’sdesign, reflected in the scheduling and tasks distribution, as well as in the timing of the pilot projects(for more details, see Inception Phase Report).

In spite of its ambitious scope, the development of the CBWM project is surpassing our originalexpectations. Both the commitment levels of the team members and the technical accomplishmentsduring training sessions were very promising. The process has been enriched by constant input fromour partners and from a new approach to a very complex set of problems. The adjustments are a clearsign of the effectiveness of interaction with diverse institutions. The practical experience of theparticipants can be combined to encourage creative and innovative approaches that can beincorporated in the project.

There were four major areas where the activities were developed: CD-ROM production techniques;multiple account analysis training; land use discussions and a public seminar realised in theArchitecture School of the University of Sao Paulo. A brief description of these activities will beprovided and ultimately complemented by attached specific reports.

Activity Rationale

This Canadian mission to Santo André was the follow-up to the introductory training in CBWMrealised in Vancouver in January, when key project participants were exposed to a variety ofCanadian expertise and projects in order to foster their understanding of the holistic approachprescribed by the CBWM system. The agenda for that event was created so that key Brazilian teammembers would have maximum exposure to the project concepts and principles, which are to bedeveloped in greater detail through subsequent training sessions and missions. This exposureincluded field visits and meetings with various Canadian experts and project personnel, and wasconsidered an ideal opportunity to inform the whole team about the various dimensions of CBWM.

Thus, the subsequent project’s activity was designed for accessing the progress in the tasks whichimplementation where agreed upon during the January mission, as well as to evaluate the degree ofaccuracy of the proposed project’s development agenda. The event was also programmed as the


completion time of the first phase of diagnosis, i.e. the compilation of the data about the BillingsWatershed Basin. It was seen as appropriate to realise the first ‘public’ exposure of the project’sachievements, as an important step was reached. The discussion in a larger forum (as state levelagencies, community organisations outside the region, universities, etc.) was seen as a meaningfulcontribution for the project.

This event was an important point for the evaluation of the work of the Brazilian team, consideringthat each group must develop specific tasks, activities, and subprograms, but under an overall visionof all the watershed management challenges. The involvement and commitment of all keyparticipants in the creation of a common vision at the beginning of watershed planning process is acritical assumption. Thus, the Canadian mission to Santo André had to evaluate if this had happenedand if we were able to establish good lines of communication between the various team membersduring the Vancouver first training session/mission.

Finally, it was important also to establish any difficulties that appeared during the firstimplementation phase, in order to attend the necessary changes in schedule and/or proceduresdefined previously, and discuss possible adjustments.

Agenda

Monday April 26 to Thursday April 29CD-ROM Production TechniquesThe first 4 days of the mission were concentrated in adjustments of the CD-ROM version developedby the Brazilian team from the initial version, once it was been prepared to be shown in the April 30th

Seminar at the University of São Paulo. A large number of the planning staff from the municipalityand SEMASA were involved, in order to verify the data and the way it was being incorporated intothe multimedia CD-ROM. The Canadian team had the opportunity to discuss and help in this firstpublic project’s presentation that contains information, graphics, and the proposed framework for theCBWM project.

Friday, April 30th.The whole day activities were directed towards the Seminar “Watersheds and Urbanisation: is thereany sustainability in it?” This Seminar (see attached agenda) was realised at the Faculty ofArchitecture an Urbanisation of the University of São Paulo, and it was attended by representativesof various agencies which deal with watershed management as well as by environmental communitygroups, academics and students. The objective of the Seminar was to discuss issues involving thesettlement of urban watersheds and aspects related to their management and monitoring. During themorning period, the Institute for Resources and Environment gave a presentation about the use ofmultimedia resources in watershed management in urban and peri-urban settings, emphasising some

36 Annex 2

techniques and approaches it has been using in several parts of the world. After this presentation, theCBWM Project first version CD-ROM was presented by the SEMASA.

Representatives from several agencies and community organisations proposed questions pertinent toplanning, policies and institutional context of watershed management, accentuating the complexity ofdealing with so many stakeholders in a constructive manner, and making clear how important it is tobuild a consensus that reaches beyond the borders of the municipality.

Monday, May 3 and Tuesday, May 4 These days were dedicated to training sessions conducted by the IRE team in relation to multipleaccount analysis . The main theme was socioeconomic issues and how to integrate biophysical andsocioeconomic information into a watershed management plan. The IRE team used the models theydeveloped for a project in Nepal, with a specific emphasis on gender issues. The IRE team alsoprovided training for the use of various software tools, such as Toolbook. This included apresentation on how to develop a hypermedia presentation. The workplan for the next stages of theCD-ROM development was created with the establishment of tasks and information gathering needs.

It was also discussed the results of the CD-ROM so far and which should be the next stages,including the discussion of the division of responsibilities for the remaining data collecting andorganizing.

A meeting with the Brazilian CIDA consultant were realized, with both the Brazilian andCanadian Coordinators participating and discussing aspects related to the implementation of theproject

Wednesday, May 5The team visited the Pilot Project 1 area with all the technical staff involved in theimplementation of the priority actions, and discussed in loco some of the alternatives and details.

Thursday, May 6The whole day was dedicated to discussing issues related to Land Use and the data alreadycollected and organized. A presentation was made by the Canadians about the first steps for theestablishment of a framework including land use issues in the CBWM plan.Friday, May 7The day was dedicated to the evaluative discussion of the project achievements to date as well as thenext phases expectations and possibilities by the co-ordination committee. Options were discussed interms of training workshops and events in Vancouver and Santo André, and ways to disseminate the


project within the WPA resident community inclusive with the creationof a Project Resource Centerin the area of the Pilot Project 1.

Saturday, May 8During the Saturday, visits to the several uopgrading favela projects in the metropolitan area of SaoPaulo were realizedpermitting the in loco discussions of upgrading approaches and results. Thesevisits were also chaired by the University of São Paulo Architecture School team for UpgradingPrograms.

38 Annex 2

ANNEX 5

Agenda of the Workshop

MANANCIAIS E URBANIZAÇÃO: HÁ SUSTENTABILIDADE NISSO?

Documents

COMMUNITY-BASED WATERSHED MANAGEMENTchs.ubc.ca/brazil/Outputs/Annual Workplan_1999.pdf · Community-Based Watershed Management in Santo Andre 5 compiled in a systematic manner and