Communication and GHS Supervisors to - BLR

© BLR®, a division of Simplify Compliance LLC 2006.00

Hazard Communication and GHSWhat Supervisors Need to Know

© BLR®, a division of Simplify Compliance LLC 2006.00

Session Objectives

Welcome to BLR training.

Today, we’re going to talk about the Occupational Safety and Health Administration’s, or OSHA’s, Hazard Communication Standard, or HazCom.

The standard, which is also referred to as the worker right to know standard, makes sure that you know all about the possible dangers of the hazardous chemicals used in your workplace and gives you the information to protect yourself from those hazards. Your employer is required

to provide you with this information, and as a supervisor, you must ensure that employees are properly informed and equipped to deal with the hazardous chemicals they use in their jobs.

2006.00Session Objectives

• Explain the purpose of HazCom

• Recognize hazardous chemicals

• Access information on SDSs

• Interpret information of chemical labels

• Protect yourself from physical and health hazards

• Respond to emergencies

During this session, we’re going to talk about how to recognize hazards, how to protect yourself, and how to interpret critical information designed to make your workplace safer.

The main objective of this session is to teach you about hazard communication. By the time the session is over, you should be able to:

• Explain the purpose of the Hazard Communication standard;

• Recognize and be able to explain the

risks posed by hazardous chemicals in your workplace;

• Explain the purpose and content of safety data sheets, or SDSs, and how to access that information;

• Interpret and be able to explain the information on chemical labels; and

• Identify and apply appropriate measures to protect yourself and ensure your employees are protected from the chemical hazards in your workplace and respond to emergencies.

Be sure to ask your trainer if you do not understand any of the information presented in the program.

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Knowledge Check 1

Knowledge Check 1

Before we begin this session, let’s take a few minutes to see how much you already know about HazCom and chemical labels. Decide whether each statement on the screen is TRUE or FALSE.

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Which is the correct option?

Facilities with hazardous chemicals must have a written hazard communication plan.

o True

o False

1

Knowledge Check 1

1. Facilities with hazardous chemicals must have a written hazard communication plan.

o True

o False

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o True

o False

Facilities with hazardous chemicals must have a written hazard communication plan.

1

The correct answer is true.

Knowledge Check 1


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Hazard Communication applies to chemical manufacturers only.

o True

o False

2

Knowledge Check 1

2. Hazard Communication applies to chemical manufacturers only.

o True

o False

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o True

o False

Hazard Communication applies to chemical manufacturers only.2

The correct answer is false.

Knowledge Check 1


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As a supervisor, it is your responsibility to restrict access to SDSs.

o True

o False

3

Knowledge Check 1

3. As a supervisor, it is your responsibility to restrict access to SDSs.

o True

o False

2006.00

o True

o False

As a supervisor, it is your responsibility to restrict access to SDSs.3


Knowledge Check 1


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Personal protective equipment, or PPE, is only required if there is a spill.

o True

o False

4

Knowledge Check 1

3. Personal protective equipment, or PPE, is only required if there is a spill.

o True

o False

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o True

o False

Personal protective equipment, or PPE, is only required if there is a spill.

4


Knowledge Check 1


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Pictograms on a label convey specific information about the hazards of a chemical.

o True

o False

5

Knowledge Check 1

3. Pictograms on a label convey specific information about the hazards of a chemical.

o True

o False

2006.00

o True

o False

Pictograms on a label convey specific information about the hazards of a chemical.

5


Knowledge Check 1


2006.00Where You Encounter Hazardous Chemicals

• Fill your vehicle with gasoline or diesel

We all use potentially hazardous chemicals, both at work and at home. Think of some of the things you do on a regular basis:• Fill your vehicle with gasoline or

diesel.



• Use liquid cleaners


diesel.• Use liquid cleaners.




• Use solvents or acids at work


diesel.• Use liquid cleaners.• Use solvents or acids at work.




• Use solvents or acids at work

• Top off your vehicle’s antifreeze


diesel.• Use liquid cleaners.• Use solvents or acids at work.• Top off your vehicle’s antifreeze.

In many cases, the seriousness of the risks depends on the material used, how much of it you use, and how

often you use it. With some chemicals, though, improper handling can lead to immediate injury or illness.

2006.00Why Prevention Is Important

• Sickness or long‐term illness

• Burns and other injuries

• Fires or explosions

• Environmental damage

Hazardous chemicals are found in many workplaces, and millions of workers face potential exposure every day. These chemicals can:

• Make you or your employees sick or cause long-term illness, such as cancer;

• They can cause burns and other injuries;

• These chemicals can also cause fires or explosions; and

• Their release may harm the

environment.

This is why it’s so important to know about hazards in your workplace and how to get the information you need to protect yourself and your coworkers. Think about the ways that you or your employees might be exposed to hazardous chemicals when on the job.

2006.00Hazard Communication Standard

Employers must provide you with:

• A written hazard communication program

• A list of hazardous chemicals

• SDSs

• Labels on containers

• Training

The Hazard Communication Standard describes what employers must do to inform employees about chemical hazards in the workplace. For example, under the law, employers must provide:• A written HazCom program that

explains how the information is communicated to you and your employees;

• A list of the hazardous chemicals used in your workplace so you

know that you or your employees might be asked to use a potentially hazardous chemical;

• SDSs for each hazardous chemical. These contain detailed information about the chemical, its possible hazards, and ways to protect yourself;

• Labels on containers that identify and describe the chemical hazards; and

• Training that teaches you and your employees about the Hazard Communication Standard, how to read and understand the information on SDSs and chemical labels, and ways you can protect yourself against possible hazards.

Typically, the written hazard communication plan will be prepared by the safety manager, but as a supervisor, you may have to contribute to the preparation and maintenance of the program. In addition, you must be able to inform your employees of how they can obtain or access your company’s written hazard communication plan and a copy of the Hazard Communication Standard. If you do not know how to access this information, you need to contact the safety manager.

2006.00What Is GHS?

• Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals

• Implemented through HazCom

• Provides a universal approach

As we discussed, OSHA’s HazComStandard requires us to tell you about hazards in the workplace. Two key ways we do that is with labels on chemical containers and SDSs, formerly known as material safety data sheets, or MSDSs. Chemical labels and SDSs have been an essential part of basic safety in the workplace for decades. But, because of the global economy, a system is needed to standardize safety, health, and environmental information about substances so that people all over the

world get the same hazard information. That system is called the Globally Harmonized System for Classification and Labelling of Chemicals, or GHS.

The GHS itself is not a regulation or a standard. OSHA implements the GHS system through HazCom.

The purpose of the GHS is to provide a universal approach to defining hazards, classifying substances, and communicating hazard information and protective measures to employers and employees throughout the United States and the world.

The GHS helps ensure that all the chemical hazard information you encounter is clear and presented in a consistent manner.

2006.00Supervisor Responsibilities

Read and interpret labels and SDSs

Although the Hazard Communication Standard applies mainly to employers, hazard communication is not effective unless everyone in the organization does his or her part in working safely with chemicals. As a supervisor, you must understand the HazComrequirements and be able to communicate those requirements to other employees, as well as to ensure they are able to:

• Read labels and SDSs and interpret the information they contain.

Employees should know where SDSs are located and how to find the one they need to learn more about specific materials. And they should know how to find the specific information they need on each SDS, such as how to protect themselves against exposure.



Follow employer instructions and warnings




• Always follow instructions and warnings about how to use hazardous chemicals safely. These include both written instructions on chemical labels and SDSs and verbal instructions and safety information provided by you as their supervisor or safety trainers.




Identify hazards before starting a job





• They must be able to identify the possible hazards of using a chemical before they start to use it and not wait unit they have already been exposed.




Identify hazards before starting a job

Participate in training





• They must be able to identify the possible hazards of using a chemical before they start to use it and not wait unit they have already been exposed.

• Finally, employees must participate actively in the safety training that we provide. Encourage them to ask questions so that they clearly understand what it takes to protect themselves from hazards of potentially dangerous chemicals.

2006.00How Hazardous Chemicals Enter Your Body

Skin and eye contact

Chemicals can enter your body in several ways:• By contacting your eyes, which is a

big risk with liquids.



Inhalation


big risk with liquids.• By inhaling fumes, vapors, mists,

dusts, or gases. Once in your lungs, the chemicals can enter the bloodstream.



Inhalation

Ingestion




• By ingesting the chemicals. If your hands are contaminated when you eat, you can accidentally swallow hazardous chemicals. And,



Inhalation

Ingestion

Absorption




• By ingesting the chemicals. If your hands are contaminated when you eat, you can accidentally swallow hazardous chemicals. And,

• By absorbing hazardous chemicals through the skin.

2006.00Forms of Hazardous Chemicals

Solids

Now let’s consider the types of chemicals we use and the kinds of hazards they might present.

Chemicals are encountered in three basic forms:

• Solids, such as dusts, powders, or fumes.


Solids Liquids




• Liquids, including vapors and mists. Examples include gasoline and other fuels, as well as cleaners and solvents; and


Solids Liquids Gases




• Liquids, including vapors and mists. Examples include gasoline and other fuels, as well as cleaners and solvents; and

• Gases, which include aerosols.

Chemicals are hazardous if they are classified as a physical hazard, a health hazard, a simple asphyxiant, a combustible dust, a pyrophoric gas, or if they exhibit a hazard that is not otherwise classified.

2006.00Physical Hazards

Explosive

A chemical is classified as a physical hazard if it poses one of the following hazardous effects: • It is explosive;


Explosive

Flammable

A chemical is classified as a physical hazard if it poses one of the following hazardous effects: • It is explosive;• It is flammable;


Explosive

Flammable

Oxidizer

A chemical is classified as a physical hazard if it poses one of the following hazardous effects: • It is explosive;• It is flammable; • It is an oxidizer, meaning it initiates

or promotes combustion;


Explosive

Flammable

Oxidizer

Self‐reactive


or promotes combustion; • It is self-reactive;


Explosive

Flammable

Oxidizer

Self‐reactive

Pyrophoric liquid or solid


or promotes combustion; • It is self-reactive; • It is pyrophoric as a liquid or solid,

meaning it may spontaneously ignite upon exposure to air


Self‐heating

A chemical is classified as a physical hazard if it poses one of the following hazardous effects:

• It is explosive;

• It is flammable;

• It is an oxidizer, meaning it initiates or promotes combustion;

• It is self-reactive;

• It is pyrophoric as a liquid or solid, meaning it may spontaneously ignite upon exposure to air

• It is self-heating;


Self‐heating

Organic peroxide








• It is an organic peroxide;


Self‐heating

Organic peroxide

Corrosive to metal








• It is an organic peroxide;

• It is corrosive to metal.


Self‐heating

Organic peroxide

Corrosive to metal

Gas under pressure





• It is an organic peroxide; • It is corrosive to metal. • It is a gas under pressure; or


Self‐heating

Organic peroxide

Corrosive to metal

Gas under pressure

Emits flammable gas when contacts water





• It is an organic peroxide; • It is corrosive to metal. • It is a gas under pressure; or• It emits flammable gas when it comes in contact

with water.

2006.00Health Hazards

Acute toxicity

Health hazards can cause illness or other health problems, which can include short-term effects, such as headaches, dizziness, or skin irritation, or long-term effects, such as organ damage or cancer. A chemical is classified as a health hazard when it poses one of the following hazardous effects: • Acute toxicity;


Acute toxicity

Skin corrosion or irritation

Health hazards can cause illness or other health problems, which can include short-term effects, such as headaches, dizziness, or skin irritation, or long-term effects, such as organ damage or cancer. A chemical is classified as a health hazard when it poses one of the following hazardous effects: • Acute toxicity; • Skin corrosion, which means the

damage is irreversible;


Acute toxicity


Serious eye damage



• Serious eye damage;


Acute toxicity


Serious eye damage

Skin or eye irritation



• Serious eye damage;• Skin or eye irritation, or skin sensitization;


Acute toxicity


Serious eye damage

Skin or eye irritation

Respiratory sensitization



• Serious eye damage;• Skin or eye irritation, or skin sensitization; • Respiratory sensitization;


Germ cell mutagenicity



• Serious eye damage;• Skin or eye irritation, or skin sensitization; • Respiratory sensitization; • Germ cell mutagenicity;



Carcinogenicity



• Serious eye damage;• Skin or eye irritation, or skin sensitization; • Respiratory sensitization; • Germ cell mutagenicity; • Carcinogenicity;



Carcinogenicity

Reproductive toxicity



• Serious eye damage;• Skin or eye irritation, or skin sensitization; • Respiratory sensitization; • Germ cell mutagenicity; • Carcinogenicity;• Reproductive toxicity;



Carcinogenicity


Specific target organ toxicity



• Serious eye damage;• Skin or eye irritation, or skin sensitization; • Respiratory sensitization; • Germ cell mutagenicity; • Carcinogenicity;• Reproductive toxicity; • Specific target organ toxicity; or



Carcinogenicity


Specific target organ toxicity

Aspiration hazard



• Serious eye damage;• Skin or eye irritation, or skin sensitization; • Respiratory sensitization; • Germ cell mutagenicity; • Carcinogenicity;• Reproductive toxicity; • Specific target organ toxicity; or • It is an aspiration hazard.

We will provide a more detailed explanation of some of these physical and health hazards later in the presentation.

2006.00Other Chemical Hazards

• Asphyxiation, or asphyxia

In addition to the physical and health hazards we’ve discussed, there are other hazards that you may encounter that are dangerous to life and property in the workplace:• Asphyxiation, or asphyxia, is a

condition where there is not enough oxygen in the air to breathe normally, leading to suffocation. A simple asphyxiant is a chemical that displaces oxygen in the air and causes rapid suffocation. Pure nitrogen is an

example of an asphyxiant.



• Pyrophoric gas



example of an asphyxiant.• Pyrophoric gas is a chemical that catches fire

spontaneously if exposed to air.



• Pyrophoric gas

• Combustible dust




spontaneously if exposed to air.• Combustible dust is a chemical in dust form that

may form explosive concentrations of dust in the air. In some cases, a chemical is shipped in a form that is not yet dust, but under normal conditions of use or processing, it will form a combustible dust.



• Pyrophoric gas

• Combustible dust

• Hazards not otherwise classified




spontaneously if exposed to air.• Combustible dust is a chemical in dust form that

may form explosive concentrations of dust in the air. In some cases, a chemical is shipped in a form that is not yet dust, but under normal conditions of use or processing, it will form a combustible dust.

• Hazards not otherwise classified represent a chemical that may have hazardous physical or health effects, but the specific effects have not been identified under the hazard classification process outlined in the Hazard Communication rule.

All employees must be trained on the physical, health, and other hazards associated with the hazardous chemicals in the work area. This training occurs at the time of an employee’s initial assignment and whenever a new chemical hazard is introduced into your work area. As a supervisor, you will need to ensure the initial training has been completed and be aware of all of the chemicals being used in the work area so that if a new hazard is introduced, additional training can be initiated.

2006.00Hazardous Chemicals at Your Facility

Locations of chemicals

Written HazCom plan

Chemical list SDSs

• You should know where chemicals in your work areas are located and be able to provide employees with that information.

• As a supervisor, you must know where the written HazCom plan is located, be familiar with its contents, and be able to assist employees with locating the document and finding specific information within the plan.

• Review the list of chemicals in the

written hazard communication plan. Verify that it reflects the chemicals used in your work area.

• You should also review the SDSs for all the chemicals used or stored in your work areas, and be prepared to discuss the content of the SDSs and method of accessing the SDSs with your employees. We’ll talk more about hazard communication plans and SDSs in a few minutes.

2006.00

Knowledge Check 2

Knowledge Check 2

Now, let’s try an exercise to test your knowledge of the information presented so far.

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The GHS is a regulation created by OSHA.

o True

o False

1

Knowledge Check 2

1. The GHS is a regulation created by OSHA.

o True

o False

2006.00

The GHS is a regulation created by OSHA.1

The GHS is not a regulation or standard created by OSHA. It is a system of defining hazards, classifying substances, and communicating hazard information developed by the United Nations and implemented around the worldwide. OSHA implements the GHS by incorporating it into its

hazard communication regulations.

Knowledge Check 2

o True

o False

The GHS is not a regulation or standard created by OSHA. It is a system of defining hazards, classifying substances, and communicating hazard information developed by the United Nations and implemented around the worldwide. OSHA implements the GHS by incorporating it into its hazard communication regulations.

2006.00

Which are the correct options?

o Carcinogenicity

o Skin corrosion

o Flammability

o Serious eye damage

What are some of the possible health effects of a chemical that is classified as a health hazard? Select all that apply.

2

Knowledge Check 2

2. What are some of the possible health effects of a chemical that is classified as a health hazard? Select all that apply.

o Carcinogenicity

o Skin corrosion

o Flammability


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o Carcinogenicity

o Skin corrosion

o Flammability



2

Carcinogenicity, skin corrosion, and serious eye damage are possible hazardous effects of chemicals classified as health hazards. Flammability

is a physical hazard.

Knowledge Check 2

Carcinogenicity, skin corrosion, and serious eye damage are possible hazardous effects of chemicals classified as health hazards. Flammability is a physical hazard.

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Ingestion is the only way a chemical can enter your body.

o True

o False

3

Knowledge Check 2

3. Ingestion is the only way a chemical can enter your body.

o True

o False

2006.00

o True

o False

Ingestion is the only way a chemical can enter your body.3

Chemicals may enter your body via ingestion, but they may also enter your body via inhalation, by being absorbed by your skin, or by coming

into contact with your eyes.

Knowledge Check 2

Chemicals may enter your body via ingestion, but they may also enter your body via inhalation, by being absorbed by your skin, or by coming into contact with your eyes.

2006.00


Under OSHA’s HazCom Standard, you and your employees must be trained on how to read and understand SDSs and chemical labels.

o True

o False

4

Knowledge Check 2

4. Under OSHA’s HazCom Standard, you and your employees must be trained on how to read and understand SDSs and chemical labels.

o True

o False

2006.00

o True

o False

Under OSHA’s HazCom Standard, you and your employees must be trained on how to read and understand SDSs and chemical labels.

4

HazCom defines what employers must do to inform employees about chemical hazards in the workplace. This includes training to teach

supervisors and employees how to read and understand the information on SDSs and chemical labels.

Knowledge Check 2

HazCom defines what employers must do to inform employees about chemical hazards in the workplace. This includes training to teach supervisors and employees how to read and understand the information on SDSs and chemical labels.

2006.00


o Whenever a new hazard is introduced into the work area

o Annually

o At the beginning of each shift

o When an employee receives his or her initial assignment in your work area

As a supervisor, you must ensure that your employees receive training on the physical, health, and other hazards associated with the hazardous chemicals in your work area: (Select all that apply.)

5

Knowledge Check 2

5. As a supervisor, you must ensure that your employees receive training on the physical, health, and other hazards associated with the hazardous chemicals in your work area: (Select all that apply.)


o Annually



2006.00


o Annually




5

You and your employees must be trained on the physical, health, and other hazards associated with the hazardous chemicals in your work

area. This training occurs when you receive your initial assignment and whenever a new chemical hazard is introduced into your work area.

Knowledge Check 2

You and your employees must be trained on the physical, health, and other hazards associated with the hazardous chemicals in your work area. This training occurs when you receive your initial assignment and whenever a new chemical hazard is introduced into your work area.

2006.00Container Labels

All containers must be labeled!

• Shipped container labels

• Workplace labels

Now that we have discussed the purpose of HazCom and the hazards associated with chemicals that may be present at your facility, let’s discuss how that hazard information is conveyed to you and your employees.

Generally, the containers of hazardous chemicals that you will encounter at your facility will be labeled. There are two basic types of labels that you may encounter:• The first is the shipped container

label. The information on these labels is specifically prescribed by the HazCom regulations so that all shipped containers are consistently labeled with the same categories of information. All containers of hazardous chemicals entering or exiting the facility must have a shipped container label.

• The other type of label is referred to as a workplace label. There is more flexibility with regard to how the information is displayed on a workplace label, but ultimately, the information available to you and your employees is consistent with the shipped label. And in many instances, the shipped label and the workplace label are the same. The facility’s HazCom plan will describe the workplace labeling system.

If an employee notifies you that a container of hazardous chemicals is not properly labeled or the label is defaced in any way, you must mark the container with the required information, which we will discuss momentarily.

2006.00Labeling Exemptions

Portable containers

Labels are not required on:

• Portable containers, if the hazardous chemical is transferred into the portable container from a properly labeled container, and the transferred chemical is intended to be immediately used by the person making the transfer. However, you must ensure your employees do not leave an unlabeled portable container of a hazardous chemical unattended. And it is always best practice to label any portable container with the name

of the chemical at a minimum.

2006.00Labeling Exemptions

Portable containers

Piping

Labels are not required on:

• Portable containers, if the hazardous chemical is transferred into the portable container from a properly labeled container, and the transferred chemical is intended to be immediately used by the person making the transfer. However, you must ensure your employees do not leave an unlabeled portable container of a hazardous chemical unattended. And it is always best practice to label any portable container with the name

of the chemical at a minimum.

• Labels are also not required on piping. The written HazCom plan will describe how you and your employees are to be informed of the hazards associated with the chemicals in pipes in your work area. As a supervisor, you should make sure your employees are aware of the hazardous chemicals in pipes in their work areas and the hazards those chemicals present.

2006.00What’s on a Shipped Container Chemical Label?

On a container of hazardous chemicals entering or leaving your facility you will find the following information elements on the shipped container chemical labels:

• Product identifier




• Supplier identification





• Signal word





• Signal word

• Pictogram





• Signal word

• Pictogram

• Hazard statement





• Signal word

• Pictogram


• Precautionary statement, and





• Signal word

• Pictogram


• Precautionary statement, and• Supplemental information

Let’s take a look at each element.

2006.00What’s on a Shipped Container Chemical Label? (cont.)

The chemical label must contain the product identifier for the chemical and supplier identification information.

• The product identifier is the name or number that allows you to identify the chemical in the container, and it allows cross-references to be made among the list of chemicals in the HazCom plan, the SDS, and the label.




• Supplier identification must include the name, address, and telephone number for the chemical

manufacturer, importer, or other supplier.






• The chemical label will include one of two signal words that tell you the relative severity of the hazard presented. It alerts you to a potential hazard.

• “Danger” is used for the more severe hazards.


Warning





• The chemical label will include one of two signal words that tell you the relative severity of the hazard presented. It alerts you to a potential hazard.

• “Danger” is used for the more severe hazards.

• “Warning” is used for less severe hazards and is less serious than “Danger.”


Warning

• Hazard statements assigned to a hazard class or category appear on the label. They describe the nature of the hazard and, where appropriate, the degree of the hazard. The hazard statement can include information on an exposure being fatal or toxic, an exposure potentially causing organ damage, or routes of exposure. In many instances, there may be more than one statement. For example, a hazard statement could say: ”Highly flammable liquid and vapor. May cause

liver and kidney damage.”


• Hazard statements assigned to a hazard class or category appear on the label. They describe the nature of the hazard and, where appropriate, the degree of the hazard. The hazard statement can include information on an exposure being fatal or toxic, an exposure potentially causing organ damage, or routes of exposure. In many instances, there may be more than one statement. For example, a hazard statement could say: ”Highly flammable liquid and vapor. May cause

liver and kidney damage.”

• Precautionary statements describe recommended measures that should be taken to minimize or prevent adverse effects from exposure to a chemical or improper storage or handling. Four types of precautionary statements appear on a chemical label. They are:

1. Prevention: For example, “Wash thoroughly after handling.”

2. Response: For example, “If swallowed, immediately call a poison center.”

3. Storage: For example, “Store in a cool, well-ventilated place that is locked.”

4. Disposal: For example, “Dispose of in accordance with local, regional, national, and international regulations, as specified.”


• Pictograms

• Supplemental Information

• Pictograms include a symbol and other graphic elements intended to convey specific information about the hazards of a chemical. They appear on a white background within a diamond-shaped square with a red border and are placed on the label based on a chemical's hazard classification. There are eight mandatory hazard symbols used in pictograms. Each conveys the specific hazard of the chemical, with a ninth nonmandatory symbol for environmental hazards.


• Pictograms

• Supplemental Information

• Pictograms include a symbol and other graphic elements intended to convey specific information about the hazards of a chemical. They appear on a white background within a diamond-shaped square with a red border and are placed on the label based on a chemical's hazard classification. There are eight mandatory hazard symbols used in pictograms. Each conveys the specific hazard of the chemical, with a ninth nonmandatory symbol for environmental hazards.

• The label may also include supplemental information that is not required or specified by the GHS amendments to HazCom.

But let’s spend some time talking more about what each pictogram means.

2006.00Pictograms

Health Hazard

• Carcinogen• Respiratory sensitizer• Reproductive toxicity• Target organ toxicity• Mutagenicity• Aspiration hazard

• The Health Hazard pictogram is put on a chemical label when the substance:

o Is a carcinogen, meaning it may cause cancer;

o When it is a respiratory sensitizer that may cause an allergic reaction after exposure to your respiratory system;

o When the substance may damage fertility or an unborn child, otherwise referred to as reproductive toxicity;

o When it may cause damage to specific organs in the body, known as target

organ toxicity;

o When the substance is a mutagen that may cause genetic defects; or

o When the substance is an aspiration hazard, meaning it may be fatal if swallowed or if it enters the respiratory system.

2006.00Pictograms

Flame

• Flammable• Self-heating• Emits flammable gas• Self-reactive• Pyrophoric• Organic peroxides

• The Flame pictogram is used on chemical labels for substances that are:

o Flammable; oro Self-heating;

o For substances that emit flammable gas;

o For self-reactive substances that are unstable and give off heat as they decompose and may result in fire;

o It used for pyrophoric substances, which may spontaneously ignite when exposed to air; and

o It is used for organic peroxides, which, when heated, may cause fire or explosion; may be sensitive to impact or friction; and may react dangerously with other chemicals.

2006.00Pictograms

Flame over Circle

Oxidizers initiate or promote fires

• The Flame over a circle pictogram is used for substances classified as oxidizers. Oxidizers initiate or promote fires.

2006.00Pictograms

Exclamation Mark

• Skin, eye, or respiratory system irritant

• Skin sensitizer• Cause narcotic effects• Acute toxicity—harmful

• The Exclamation Mark pictogram is used on chemical labels for substances

o That irritate the skin, eyes, or respiratory system; or

o Cause an allergic response following skin contact;

o Substance that may cause narcotic effects like drowsiness, lack of coordination, and dizziness; or

o Substances that may cause harm from a single short-term exposure.

2006.00Pictograms

Gas Cylinder

Gases under pressure

• The Gas Cylinder pictogram is used on chemical labels for substances that are classified as gases under pressure, meaning substances that are compressed, liquefied, or dissolved gases under pressure at 29 pounds per square inch or more.

2006.00Pictograms

Corrosion

• Corrosive to metal• Burns and skin corrosion• Eye damage

• The Corrosion pictogram is used on chemical labels for substances that are corrosive to metal, and can cause burns and irreversible damage to skin and eyes.

2006.00Pictograms

Exploding Bomb

• Explosives• Self-reactive• Organic peroxides

• The Exploding Bomb pictogram appears on the chemical labels of substances that are:

o Explosives—which are solid or liquid chemicals capable of a chemical reaction that causes damage to the surroundings;

o Substances that are self-reactive whereby heating may cause fire or explosion without the need for air; or

o Organic peroxides, which may cause a fire or an explosion when heated.

2006.00Pictograms

Skull and Crossbones

Acute toxicity—toxic or fatal

• The Skull and Crossbones pictogram on a chemical label indicates acute toxicity, meaning that exposure to a single dose of the chemical may be toxic or fatal if inhaled or swallowed or if it comes into contact with the skin.

2006.00Pictograms

Environment

Aquatic toxicity

• The Environment pictogram is not mandatory but may be used on labels for substances that are toxic to an aquatic environment.

2006.00Workplace Labels


• General information about chemical

hazards

• Access to more specific hazard

information

Now that we have covered all of the required elements of a shipped container label, let’s discuss workplace labels.

In many instances, the workplace label is identical or contains identical information to the shipped container label. But this does not need to be the case, as facilities are afforded some flexibility with workplace labels.

Workplace containers must be prominently labeled, tagged, or marked with:

• A product identifier; and

• Any combination of words, pictures, and symbols that provides at least general information about the hazards of the chemicals.

The use of such workplace labels is allowed, provided more specific information about the physical and health hazards associated with the chemicals is immediately available to employees.

Workplace labels and other information must be legible and in English and may be provided in other languages.

2006.00Workplace Labels-Process Containers

Identify the container

Workplace labels may also be used on individual, stationary process containers, which OSHA defines as containers that are not mobile, in which a process other than storage takes place, or stationary containers that contain a liquid used for dipping and coating. Examples include permanent dip tanks or mixing vessels. Storage tanks connected to a distribution system are not considered process containers.

Placards, process sheets, batch tickets, or operating procedures can be used instead

of affixing a label to the process container, provided:

• The information clearly identifies the container to which it applies;








• It contains all of the information required to be on a workplace label; and









• It contains all of the information required to be on a workplace label; and

• Any written materials are readily accessible to the employees in the work area throughout each shift.

2006.00Workplace Labels‐Alternative Labels

• HMIS

Before OSHA incorporated the GHS into the HazCom standard, many facilities used other chemical labeling systems, such as the:

• Hazardous Materials Information System, or HMIS; or


• NFPA 704

• The Standard System for the Identification of the Hazards of Materials for Emergency Response, or NFPA 704, from the National Fire Protection Association.

You may continue to see these labels on containers in your facility, as they remain an acceptable method of workplace labeling, provided the information or pictograms do not conflict with HazComand you and your employees have immediate access to all the information required to be on a shipped container

label.


• HMIS

• NFPA 704

The NFPA 704 and HMIS labels are different from HazCom labels. Specifically, the NFPA 704 label uses a numerical ranking of hazards that is different from HazCom. As a result, if these labels are used in your facility, you must ensure that you and your employees are trained on how to use these alternate labeling systems so you are all aware of the hazards associated with the chemicals you are working with.

A description of the workplace labeling system must be included in the written HazCom plan. As a supervisor, you must make sure your employees are familiar with the workplace labeling system being used in your facility.

And remember, these alternative labeling systems may only be used for workplace labels. Any container entering or leaving the facility must have a proper HazCom shipped container label.

2006.00Safety Data Sheets

• Detailed chemical description• Hazards and precautions to avoid

exposure• Storage and handling parameters • Response actions in the event of a

release• Must be readily available to you

Labels give you a snapshot of the risks associated with a chemical. The safety data sheet, or SDS, gives you the most complete and detailed information. The SDS for each chemical:• Is a detailed written description of

the chemical;• It describes the hazards associated

with the chemical, as well as precautions to take to avoid being exposed;

• The SDS also describes storage and

handling parameters, and• Response actions in the event of a release.

SDSs for all hazardous chemicals in your work area must always be readily available, and you and your employees should always read the SDS before starting to work with a chemical. If you do not have an SDS for a hazardous chemical in your work area, you must contact your distributor or the chemical manufacturer to obtain the missing SDS.

Access can be to paper copies of the SDS, or electronically, provided there are no barriers preventing you from immediate access. For example, access to electronic SDSs cannot be a computer in a locked office. The computer must be immediately accessible.

As a supervisor, you must be prepared to explain to your employees how to access SDSs.

2006.00SDS vs. MSDS

SDS has replaced MSDS16-section format

• The SDS has replaced the material safety data sheet, or MSDS.

• The GHS-compliant SDS is composed of 16 sections in a required sequence of headings.

Let’s take a look at the 16 sections in the proper sequence.

2006.00Sections 1‐4

Section 1: Chemical and Supplier Information

• Section 1 contains the product identifier and other means of identification, recommended uses and restrictions, supplier information, and an emergency number.


Section 1: Chemical and Supplier Information

Section 2: Hazards Identification

• Section 1 contains the product identifier and other means of identification, recommended uses and restrictions, supplier information, and an emergency number.

• Section 2 contains the hazard classification, the signal word, hazard and precautionary statements, the hazard symbol, other hazards not otherwise classified, and any statements regarding mixtures consisting of ingredients of unknown toxicity.


Section 3: Composition and Information on Ingredients

• Section 3 contains information about chemical composition and ingredients, including chemical name; common name and synonyms; Chemical Abstracts Service, or CAS, number and other unique identifiers; and impurities and stabilizing additives that are classified and that contribute to the classification of the substance.


Section 3: Composition and Information on Ingredients

Section 4: First Aid Measures

• Section 3 contains information about chemical composition and ingredients, including chemical name; common name and synonyms; Chemical Abstracts Service, or CAS, number and other unique identifiers; and impurities and stabilizing additives that are classified and that contribute to the classification of the substance.

• Section 4 contains a description of necessary first aid, symptoms and health effects (acute and delayed), and the need for immediate medical

attention and special treatment (if required).


Section 5: Fire-Fighting Measures

• Section 5 contains information about suitable and unsuitable extinguishing substances; specific hazards from the chemical; special personal protective equipment, or PPE; and precautions for firefighters.



Section 6: Accidental Releases Measures


• Section 6 contains information about personal precautions and PPE, emergency precautions, environmental procedures, and containment and cleanup methods and materials.




Section 7: Handling and Storage



• Section 7 describes precautions for

safe handling and conditions for safe storage.




Section 7: Handling and Storage

Section 8: Exposure Controls and PPE



• Section 7 describes precautions for

safe handling and conditions for safe storage.

• Section 8 contains information about control parameters, such as exposure limit values. It also contains information about engineering controls, and individual protection measures and PPE.


Section 9: Physical and Chemical Properties

• Section 9 contains information about the substance’s physical and chemical properties, for example, appearance, odor, melting and freezing points, flash point, and flammability.


Section 9: Physical and Chemical Properties

Section 10: Stability and Reactivity

• Section 9 contains information about the substance’s physical and chemical properties, for example, appearance, odor, melting and freezing points, flash point, and flammability.

• Section 10 contains information about the substance’s stability or reactivity, possible hazardous reactions, conditions to avoid, incompatible materials, and hazardous decomposition products.


Section 11: Toxicological Information

• Section 11 contains information describing likely routes of exposure, symptoms, immediate and delayed health effects, numerical measures of toxicity, and whether the chemical is listed in the National Toxicology Program Report on Carcinogens, the International Agency for Research on Cancer Monographs, or by OSHA.


Section 11: Toxicological Information

Section 12: Ecological Information

• Section 11 contains information describing likely routes of exposure, symptoms, immediate and delayed health effects, numerical measures of toxicity, and whether the chemical is listed in the National Toxicology Program Report on Carcinogens, the International Agency for Research on Cancer Monographs, or by OSHA.

• Section 12 contains ecological information such as the substance’s ecotoxicity, persistence and degradability, bioaccumulative

potential, mobility in soil, and other adverse environmental effects.

2006.00Sections 13‐16

Section 13: Disposal Considerations

• Section 13 provides information on waste residues and safe handling and disposal of substances and contaminated packaging.

2006.00Sections 13‐16

Section 13: Disposal Considerations

Section 14: Transportation Information

• Section 13 provides information on waste residues and safe handling and disposal of substances and contaminated packaging.

• Section 14 gives information on the safe transportation of the chemical.

2006.00Sections 13‐16

Section 15: Regulatory Information

• Section 15 contains safety, health, and environmental regulatory information.

2006.00Sections 13‐16

Section 15: Regulatory Information

Section 16: Other Information

• Section 15 contains safety, health, and environmental regulatory information.

• Section 16 provides other relevant information.

2006.00The Written Plan

• Identifies participating personnel

HazCom requires a written hazard communication program that serves as the blueprint for HazCom at your facility. The program:• Identifies participating personnel;

and



• Describes the labeling system


and• Describes the labeling systems used

at the facility;




• Identifies hazards of nonroutine tasks and unlabeled pipes



at the facility;• It describes how the hazards of

nonroutine tasks and chemicals in unlabeled pipes are communicated;





• States SDS location and access method





• It states where the SDSs are maintained and how they are accessed;






• Describes training criteria






• It describes the criteria for the training that is provided to you, and your employees; and






• Describes training criteria

• Lists hazardous chemicals






• It describes the criteria for the training that is provided to you, and your employees; and

• It has a list of all hazardous chemicals known to be present in the workplace.

If your workplace has multiple employers, the program will also describe how chemical information is shared by all employers.

The program must be made readily available to you, your employees, or their designated representatives. You must be prepared to explain to your employees where the written hazard communication plan is located and how to access it.

2006.00Personal Protection

Engineering Controls

After you know the hazards a chemical presents, you need to know what is being done to protect you and your employees and what you and your employees must do to protect yourselves.• Engineering controls are composed

of things like chemical substitution, isolation, ventilation, and equipment modification, and are designed to minimize or reduce exposure to a hazard. Appropriate engineering controls will appear in

a chemical’s SDS.

2006.00Personal Protection

Engineering Controls

Work Practice Controls

• Work practice controls are policies and practices that are put in place to outline how a job should be done. Again, this is done to minimize or reduce exposure to a hazard.

As a supervisor, it may be your responsibility to ensure that engineering controls are installed and operated properly, and you may be required to develop appropriate work practice controls.

2006.00Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

• Eye and face protection

When engineering and work practice controls cannot eliminate a chemical hazard, using PPE is an essential way for you and your employees to protect yourselves. Here are some of the types of PPE that might be required:• Face shields or safety goggles to

protect you from splashes. Remember that regular prescription eyeglasses do NOT qualify as proper eye protection.



• Hand protection

• Gloves to protect your hands from contact with chemicals.



• Hand protection

• Foot protection

• Foot protection, such as rubber boots, to guard against splashes.



• Hand protection

• Foot protection

• Head protection

• Head protection, such as hard hats or hoods, also protect you from splashes.



• Hand protection

• Foot protection

• Head protection

• Aprons and full bodysuits

• Aprons or full bodysuits; again, these protect against splashes. A full bodysuit may also protect you from dust and vapors.



• Hand protection

• Foot protection

• Head protection

• Aprons and full bodysuits

• Respiratory protection

• Finally, respiratory protection safeguards you from breathing in hazardous vapors, mists, and fumes.

2006.00Hazard Detection and Monitoring

• Visual appearance

There are several ways to detect chemical hazards in your work area.• The first is visual appearance. For

example, you can see chemical reactions such as smoke, froth, mists, fumes, or fire coming from a chemical or its container.



• Continuous monitoring device

• Continuous monitoring devices are another way to detect chemical hazards. For some chemicals or other toxic substances, there may be monitoring devices in the work area to detect concentrations in the air that exceed safe limits. If continuous monitoring devices are used, you must be prepared to provide your employees with information about the equipment in their work areas.



• Continuous monitoring device

• Odor

• Odor can also indicate chemical hazards. Sometimes an unusual odor will be the first indication of exposure to a chemical. Be prepared to investigate and respond to reports of any unusual odors.

2006.00Emergency Response

Eyes: Flush with water for 15 minutes

Knowing proper emergency procedures is another important part of safety. That’s why you should always read the label and SDS for every material to find out exactly what to do in case you or a coworker is overexposed. Emergency procedures may include:• Flushing eyes with water for 15

minutes in case of contact;



Skin: Wash with soap and water; remove contaminated clothing


minutes in case of contact;• Washing skin with soap and water

and removing contaminated

clothing;




Inhalation: Move to fresh air




clothing;• Moving to fresh air if a person has been inhaling

a hazardous chemical and not returning until it is safe; and




Inhalation: Move to fresh air

Swallowing: Get emergency medical assistance




clothing;• Moving to fresh air if a person has been inhaling

a hazardous chemical and not returning until it is safe; and

• Getting emergency medical assistance if a person has accidentally swallowed a hazardous chemical.

As a supervisor, consistently reinforce proper emergency response actions with your employees. For example, be sure they know where eyewash stations, emergency showers, and first-aid kits are located and that they know how to use them.

2006.00

Knowledge Check 3

Knowledge Check 3

Now let’s try another exercise to test your knowledge of the information presented so far.

2006.00


Pipes or piping systems are exempt from chemical labeling requirements.

o True

o False

1

Knowledge Check 3

1. Pipes or piping systems are exempt from chemical labeling requirements.

o True

o False

2006.00

o True

o False

Pipes or piping systems are exempt from chemical labeling requirements.

1

Labels are not required on piping, but the written HazCom plan will describe how you are to be informed of the hazards associated with the

chemicals in pipes in your work area.

Knowledge Check 3

Labels are not required on piping, but the written HazCom plan will describe how you are to be informed of the hazards associated with the chemicals in pipes in your work area.

2006.00


The SDS has 16 sections.

o True

o False

2

Knowledge Check 3

2. The SDS has 16 sections.

o True

o False

2006.00

o True

o False

The SDS has 16 sections.2

The SDS has 16 sections that always appear in the same order.

Knowledge Check 3

The SDS has 16 sections that always appear in the same order.

2006.00


PPE is the first line of defense against a chemical’s hazards.

o True

o False

3

Knowledge Check 3

3. PPE is the first line of defense against a chemical’s hazards.

o True

o False

2006.00

o True

o False

PPE is the first line of defense against a chemical’s hazards. 3

PPE is not the first line of defense against a chemical’s hazards. When engineering and work practice controls cannot eliminate a chemical

hazard, using PPE is an essential way to protect yourself.

Knowledge Check 3

PPE is not the first line of defense against a chemical’s hazards. When engineering and work practice controls cannot eliminate a chemical hazard, using PPE is an essential way to protect yourself.

2006.00


o Pictogram

o Size of the container

o Signal word

o Precautionary statement

What information must appear on a shipped container label? Select all that apply.

4

Knowledge Check 3

4. What information must appear on a shipped container label? Select all that apply.

o Pictogram


o Signal word


2006.00

o Pictogram


o Signal word


What information must appear on a shipped container label? Select all that apply.

4

A shipped container label must contain a product identifier, supplier identification, signal word, pictogram, hazard statement, and

precautionary statement.

Knowledge Check 3

A shipped container label must contain a product identifier, supplier identification, signal word, pictogram, hazard statement, and precautionary statement.

2006.00


NFPA 704 labels are acceptable workplace labels.

o True

o False

5

Knowledge Check 3

5. NFPA 704 labels are acceptable workplace labels.

o True

o False

2006.00

o True

o False

NFPA 704 labels are acceptable workplace labels.5

You may continue to use NFPA 704 labels on containers in your facility, as they remain an acceptable method of workplace labeling, provided the information or pictograms do not conflict with HazCom, and you, the employees, have immediate access to all the information required to be on a shipped container label. A description of the workplace labeling system must be included in the written HazCom plan.

Knowledge Check 3

You may continue to use NFPA 704 labels on containers in your facility, as they remain an acceptable method of workplace labeling, provided the information or pictograms do not conflict with HazCom, and you, the employees, have immediate access to all the information required to be on a shipped container label. A description of the workplace labeling system must be included in the written HazComplan.

2006.00Key Points to Remember

• Hazard communication provides standardized safety and health information

• Use information to identify physical and health hazards of chemicals

• Containers must be labeled

• SDSs provide more detailed chemical information

• Controls and PPE minimize exposure to chemicals

• Know what to do in an emergency

Here are the main points to remember about this training session on hazard communication:

• Hazard communication provides you and your employees with consistent, standardized information on the hazards associated with the chemicals at your facility.

• Many of the chemicals used at your facility present physical, health, or other hazards. Use the information available to you to learn about the potential hazards so that you and your employees may work safely.

• Containers of hazardous chemicals

must be labeled with information to alert you to the hazards associated with the chemicals and any precautions you and your employees should take while handling the chemicals.

• SDSs provide more detailed information about the chemicals at your facility, and they must be immediately accessible to you and your employees in your work area. Take the time to read the SDS before working with a chemical, and ensure your employees read the SDS, as well.

• Working safely with hazardous chemicals requires taking appropriate measures to prevent or minimize exposure. Use the hazard communication information available to you to ensure you and your employees are implementing the proper controls and are utilizing the appropriate PPE.

• Be sure you know what to do in an emergency or in the event that you or one of your coworkers is overexposed to a hazardous chemical.

This concludes this training program.

Documents

Communication and GHS Supervisors to - BLR