Welcome!Welcome!

NonverbalNonverbalCommunicationCommunication

& & Presentation SkillsPresentation Skills

Communicating Without Words

• We all communicate nonverbally

• By analyzing nonverbal cues, we can – enhance our understanding– define relationships

Cues and ContextsCues and Contexts

We communicate nonverbally throughour bodies and appearancethe environment we create

and live in

Cues and ContextsCues and Contexts

Nonverbal communication Perpetual Frequently involuntary

Verbal and nonverbal messagesClear messagesMixed messages –words and actions contradiction

Aspects of Nonverbal CommunicationAspects of Nonverbal Communication

Kinesics – the study of body language

Facial Expressions = emotion display

Posture and GesturesPosture and Gestures

Posture sends messages: Content and confident? Angry and belligerent? Worried

and discouraged? Flight or Fight The way you feel about those with whom you are

communicating Gestures sends messages:

Movements of arms, legs, hands, and feet send messages about us

Gestures do not have universal meanings

Functions of Nonverbal CommunicationFunctions of Nonverbal Communication Message Reinforcement

“I love you” & kisses Message Negation

“We need to spend less time together” & moving closer

Message Substitution Pointing/gestures/ “OK” sign

Message Accentuation “I’m so angry!” & pulling on hair

Message Regulation eye contact/posture/gestures Signals flow of conversation

Clothing and ArtifactsClothing and Artifacts

Artifactual communication – the use of personal adornments

Extremely important in creating a first impression

Dress and chosen images should change as our roles change

Sometimes the basis for judgments regarding success, character, dominance, and competence

ParalanguageParalanguage

Paralanguage – vocal cues that accompany languagePitch

Habitual pitchVolumeRatePauses

Nonfluencies Silence

Confused CommunicationConfused Communication• Speech Fillers/NonfluenciesSpeech Fillers/Nonfluencies

– confuse the listener, with the message becoming garbled

– anything that interrupts the message and can include:

– UMUM– UHUH– LikeLike– OKAYOKAY– You KnowYou Know– So thenSo then– Now…Now…

Space and DistanceSpace and Distance

Distances Intimate: 0-18 inches Personal: 18 inches to 4 ft. Social: 4 to 12 ft. Public: 12 ft. to limit of sight

Spaces Informal: highly mobile and can be quickly changed Semifixed-feature: the use of objects to create distance Fixed-feature: relatively permanent objects to define the

environment around us

Territoriality and Personal SpaceTerritoriality and Personal Space

Territoriality – the need to demonstrate a possessive or ownership relationship to space

Markers – used to establish territory or reserve one’s space

ColorsColors

Color affects us emotionally and physiologically

Some of the emotions colors can trigger: Excitement Warmth Passion and sensuality Happiness Relaxation Persuasion

ChronemicsChronemics

Using time to communicateThe meaning of time differs around the world“Time talks”

Last minute invitations Habitual tardiness Leaving early Allocation of certain activities to appropriate times Structure time differently

HapticsHaptics

Haptics – the study of the use of touch

Culturally conditionedCorrelates positively with openness, comfort with

relationshipsCan reflect statusValued differently by different cultures

Gender and Nonverbal BehaviorGender and Nonverbal Behavior

Visual Dominance – measured by comparing the percentage of looking while speaking with the percentage of looking while listening

Men – higher levels of looking while speaking

Women – higher levels of looking while listening

Gendered Communication

Diversity and Nonverbal BehaviorDiversity and Nonverbal Behavior

Contact cultures vs. Low-contact cultures

Different cultures may express emotion or intimacy in different ways

Cultural background also affects their use of touch and personal space

Identical nonverbal cues may still convey different meanings in different cultures

Speaking With Style• Speech Delivery:

– Verbal communication– Non-Verbal Communication– Visuals:

• Types• Design• How to Use

Speaking With Style

Speech Delivery:• how you say what you say…

– Verbal– Nonverbal

Speaking With Style• Verbal communication

– Choice of words• Jargon• Slang

– Grammar– Enunciation– Speech Fillers– Vocal variety (pitch/volume)– Speedy speakers

Speaking With StyleNon verbal Communication

– What are you doing with your body?????

• Body language speaks volumes– Posture– Hand gestures– Facial expressions– Eye contact– Dress/appearance– Body movement/use

Speaking With StyleNon verbal Communication

– What are you doing with your body?????

• NO TOUCHING YOUR BODY• No fig leaf stance• No tapping fingers/toes• Don’t clutch podium

Speaking With StyleNon verbal Communication

– Eyes• Full Audience, NOT

– …out the window– …on the floor– ..on a spot on the wall– …on your nails…

• Note cards– Loss of eye contact minimal

– Hands• Emphasis your points• Visual Aid use

Speaking With StyleVisuals:• Charts• Models• Objects• Electronic Media

– Power Point Presentation– HTML– DVD/Video– Pictures (scanned/Internet)

• Drawings

Speaking With StylePreparing/Designing Visuals:• Size

– Can everyone see it?• Photo• Object• Lettering style/size

– Power Point Presentation• Size 24 Font Minimum • Slide design

• KISS: Keep It Simple…Simon

Speaking With StylePreparing/Designing Visuals:• Use

– Support/clarify topic– make “visual” your topic– Fluid use

• should support speech• not the centerpiece• Look/talk to audience, not visual

– Turn off/cover when not in use– DO NOT PASS VISUAL AROUND THE ROOM

Speaking With Style

• Professional style is key– NO HAND PRINTED POSTERS– NO LAST MINUTE, HURRY UP AND

GET IT DONE OBJECTS/MATERIALS

Expectations for Speech MakersExpectations for Speech Makers

Society has grown accustomed to high-quality speeches

Characteristics of good speakers: Have insight Know their audience Believe what they are doing is important Always practice Think of the speech as a performance Make a critique or post-presentation analysis of the speech

Systematic Speaking ProcessSystematic Speaking Process

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