Common mistakes in Writing ThesisBSC (SCSV)

Do and Don’t

Common mistakes PSM 1Do not use Past Tense in Chapter 5 because it has not yet been done. It was expected and future planning. - use Future Tense “will”

Chapter 5 do not have Introduction it begins with Expected to Achieve

Do not use we/they/their/them/he/she/I in thesis because writing thesis proposal is not like writing a blog, news, forum, or technical paper.

Do not end Chapter 1 with Conclusion or Summary, it ends with Thesis Organization

Do not use question marks “how”, “why”, “when”, “which”

et al. – do not apply italic style

One time define Augmented Reality (AR) you can straight away use AR, for every chapter you must one time define before you use it. Example HMD, VR, AR, HCI etc.

PSM 1 – Chapter 5 ConclusionHow to write Chapter 5 ?

Chapter 5 Conclusion (You should not have Introduction in this Chapter).

5.1 Expected to achieve (provide 3 paragraphs because your have 3 objectives)

5.2 Constraints (Lack of hardware, Pandemic, Remote supervision with SV may be difficult)

5.3 Planning for PSM2 (basically next steps are you are going to achieve second and third objective - development stage, implementation stage and evaluation.

Common mistakes PSM 2Do not use Future Tense in Chapter 6 because it has been done. Future works you may use Future Tense

Chapter 6 do not have Introduction it begins with Project Achievements

Do not use we/they/their/them/he/she/I in thesis because writing dissertation is not like writing a blog, news, forum, or technical paper.

Do not end Chapter 1 with Conclusion or Summary, it ends with Thesis Organization

Do not use question marks “how”, “why”, “when”, “which”

et al. – do not apply italic style

Common mistake

Inline citation – should remove the bracket ( ) for inline

et al. – should not in italic

Citation missing year of article

How to correct? – According to Frazer et al. (2010), …….

Two style of citationsINLINE CITATION

Smith (2008) reported that adult respondents in the experimental study remembered 30 percent more than children.

Billinghurst et al. (2019) has claimed interaction is crucial in order to allow user interact with 3D object in MR.

END OF SENTENCE

Previous research showed that children confuse the source of their memories more often than adults (Lindsey et al., 1991).

In MR, interaction is crucial to allow user interact with 3D object (Billinghurst et al., 2019).

You need to first citing before use et al.

You may also use “and” instead of &

PSM 1 / PSM 2How to write Section 1.4 Project Aim in Chapter 1?

1.4 Aim

This project aims to develop <paste your title here>

Example:

This project aims to develop hand gesture interaction for simulation game.

Thesis Title : Real-time 3D Model-based Tracking in Augmented Reality for a Scaled Model

Do not have Maintenancestage in your methodology

Name caption – 3.1 Project Methodology

Do not apply bold style to the caption

Do not use this standard SDLC for your thesis. You need to present yours. Some of SCSV application do not need verification – it was Testing / Evaluation

Do not have Maintenancestage in your methodology

Do not apply bold style to the caption

Do not use this standard SDLC for your thesis. You need to present yours.

You present what you are doing in your PSM.

You did mention the flow

The caption name is correct Project Methodology

You can use smart art or color diagram if you want to as long as you show your PSM development flow.

Figure UTM formating

If your caption is lengthy – it turns to 2 lines, you CANNOT apply center alignment

Alert there is no BOLD style in UTM current thesis format

If your caption is short in one line – you CANapply center alignment

Alert there is no BOLD style in UTM current thesis format

If you have more than one figure to combine you can do like this.

Alert there is no BOLD style in UTM current thesis format

MISTAKES:

No citation for the table – you must cite the table, it comes with colored table definitelynot yours

You have applied BOLD style – you did not obey UTM current thesis format

Alert : You may pass to submit your hardcover but PSZ will reject your thesis and you will be calling to re-binding your Thesis due to formatting mistakes. You might delay your graduation day.

Figure UTM formatingMISTAKES:

No citation for the figure – you must cite the figure which is not yours

You have applied BOLD style – you did not obey UTM current thesis format

Alert : You may pass to submit your hardcover but PSZ will reject your thesis and you will be calling to re-binding your Thesis due to formatting mistakes. You might delay your graduation day.

Positioning Figures and TablesPlace figures and tables at the top or bottom of columns?

Figure captions should be below the figures; table heads should appear above the tables.

Insert figures and tables after they are cited in the text/paragraph.

Below/bottom

Above/top

Remember DO NOT apply bold style to the caption

Common Mistake - Meaning of wordsThe word “data” is plural, not singular.

Do not use the word “essentially” to mean “approximately” or “effectively”.

Be aware of the different meanings of the homophones “affect” and “effect”, “complement” and “compliment”, “discreet” and “discrete”, “principal” and “principle”.

Do not confuse “imply” and “infer”.

The prefix “non” is not a word; it should be joined to the word it modifies, usually without a hyphen.

The abbreviation “i.e.” means “that is”, and the abbreviation “e.g.” means “for example”. Do not use short form.

Section Introduction – use present tense◦ This chapter explains about ….. (simple present tense)

Section Conclusion – use past tense◦ This chapter explained about the review of ….. (simple past tense)

Figure and Table

Cited Figure and TableFigure 4.0 shows : remember Figure X.X is a singular noun. You must place s to the verb after indicating the singular.

Example:◦ Figure 5.2 defines

◦ Figure 1.3 shows

◦ Table 2.0 presentsNote: Singular means only one. Pluralmeans more than one.

Figure and TableNaming:

Figure 1.13 – this means the figure is in Chapter 1 and the figure numbering is 13.

Table 4.3 – this means the table is in Chapter 4 and it is the third table found in Chapter 4.

Figure <chapter>.<number of figure>

Figures and tables are the nouns. Capitalized the first letter: Example◦ Figure 1.0

◦ Table 2.0

CitationWHEN REFERRING TO THE WORK OF PREVIOUS RESEARCHERS.

CitationWhen citing previous research in your article, use past tense. Whatever a previous researcher said, did or wrote happened at some specific, definite time in the past and is not still being done.

There is no period after the “et” but a period after the “al” in the Latin abbreviation “et al.” and current UTM format is NOT in italic style.

There are two common styles we use for BSc◦ Inline citation

◦ End of sentence citation

The examplesINLINE CITATION

Smith (2008) reported that adult respondents in the experimental study remembered 30 percent more than children.

Billinghurst et al. (2019) has claimed interaction is crucial in order to allow user interact with 3D object in MR.

END OF SENTENCE

Previous research showed that children confuse the source of their memories more often than adults (Lindsey et al., 1991).

In MR, interaction is crucial to allow user interact with 3D object (Billinghurst et al., 2019).

Tense usage in writing

Use Present Tense. . .when?To express findings that continue to be true. Use present tense to express general truths or facts or conclusions supported by research results that are unlikely to change—in other words, something that is believed to be always true.

Example:◦ Galileo (2001) asserted that the earth revolves around the sun.

◦ Singer (1982) stated that dimorphism in body size is common among butterflies.

Tense usage in your writingProposal writing – future tense, it has not yet been conducted

◦ will be ….. / will ….

Tense references to other studies or previous works/journal/article that has been published should be in past tense – including in Proposal writing (PSM1- Chapter 2 Literature Review)

Common error is to neglect to change future tense (PSM1) to past tense (PSM2) – tips: use passive voice

Use Past TenseTo describe your methodology and report your results. At the time you are writing your report, thesis, dissertation or article, you have already completed your study, so you should use past tense in your methodology section to record what you did, and in your results section to report what you found.

Writing Introduction and ConclusionChapter Introduction – use present tense

◦ This chapter explains about ….. (simple present tense)

Chapter Conclusion – use past tense◦ This chapter explained about the review of ….. (simple past tense)

Section and subsection- Introduction

• Use present tense

• Example:

• This section demonstratesthe calibration process …

• This subsection explains ….

Use Past Tense – Chapter 3 PSM2In Chapter 3 (PSM2) – it has been done so use past tense. To express general truths or facts– use present tense

Here example:◦ Based on the Figure 3.1, there are three stages in methodology has been carried out ……..

◦ Leap motion was used to tracked human bare hand, the data have been captured in real-time and retrieved by the application.

Passive voice

Present tense because the general truth

Present perfect tense

Note:has + been + past participle

Use Past Tense – PSM2 Chapter 5To explain the results in Chapter 5 (PSM2) – it has been done

Here example:◦ Based on the Figure 4.0, the graph has hypothesized that adults would remember more items than

children.

◦ In this stage, tannins has been extracted from the leaves by bringing the leaves to a boil in 50% methanol.

◦ In experiment 2, response has varied.

But what is the difference between haveand has?

Both words are present tense forms of the verb to have.

The past-tense form is had

The present progressive tense (or continuous tense) is having.