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COMMON LIFESTYLE DISEASES: OSTEOPOROSIS
EMS 355 By: Dr. Bushra Bilal
INTRODUCTION
Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone density and deterioration of bone tissue with a consequent increase in bone fragility
INCIDENCE
Osteoporosis is 3 times more common in women than in men partly because women have a lower peak bone mass and because of the hormonal changes that occurs at the menopause.
CAUSES OF OSTEOPOROSIS
low calcium diet lack of physical activity family history gender( women are more likely to
develop osteoporosis) ethnicity ( white and Asian people
are more likely to be affected by it)
excessive alcohol consumption smoking
OSTEOPOROSIS FRACTURE
The most serious osteoporotic fracture is that of the hip
Hip fractures typically occurs from falls, but may occur spontaneously
Women are more prone, and incidence rates rise exponentially with age
DIAGNOSIS
bone mineral density. DEXA ( a bone density scan) CT scan X-rays( in severe cases, a spine/hip x-ray may
show fracture or collapse of the spinal bones)
GOALS OF OSTEOPOROSIS TREATMENT
control pain from the disease slow down or stop bone loss prevent bone fractures minimize the risk of falls
TREATMENT
Stop unhealthy habits limit alcohol intake quit smoking Prevent falls
DIET: get atleast 1200 mg/day of Calcium and 800-
1000international units of vitamin D3 (it helps your body absorb calcium)
HIGH CALCIUM FOOD INCLUDES: cheese green leafy vegetables like spinach, collard greens low fat milk salmon tofu yogurt
Exercise Medications. It may include:
Biphosphonates(used to prevent and treat osteoporosis in post menopausal women)
Calcitonin ( slow the rate of bone loss and relieve bone pain)
Parathyoid hormones( for severe osteoporosis)