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G rammar SADLIER Common Core Enriched Edition Level Blue

Common Core Enriched Edition Level Blue rammar … Pronouns Lesson 40 Subject Pronouns • Revising Sentences 180 Lesson 41 Object Pronouns • Combining Sentences 184 Lesson 42 Using

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GrammarSADLIER

Common Core Enriched Edition Level Blue

G

ramm

ar Wo

rkshop

Level Green

Level Orange

Level Blue

Grammar

•Additional Practice Worksheets

•Interactive Quizzes

•Proofreading Passages

•Interactive Games and Puzzles

ONLINE COMPONENTS www.grammarworkshop.com

Common Core Enriched Edition

SADLIER

Level Blue

Note to Students 7

SentenceS

Lesson 1 Kinds of Sentences • Write Your Own 8

Lesson 2 Complete Subjects and Predicates • Write Your Own 12

Lesson 3 Simple Subjects and Simple Predicates • Write Your Own 16

Lesson 4 Subjects in Imperative Sentences • Write Your Own 20

Lesson 5 Compound Subjects • Combining Sentences 24

Lesson 6 Compound Predicates • Combining Sentences 28

Lesson 7 Simple Sentences and Compound Sentences • Combining Sentences 32

Lesson 8 Complex Sentences • Write Your Own 36

Lesson 9 Correcting Fragments and Run-ons • Revising Sentences 40

Unit 1 Review 44

Unit 1 Test 46

nounS

Lesson 10 Common and Proper Nouns • Revising Sentences 48

Lesson 11 Singular and Plural Nouns • Write Your Own 52

Lesson 12 Irregular Plural Nouns • Write Your Own 56

Lesson 13 Possessive Nouns • Write Your Own 60

Lesson 14 Appositives • Combining Sentences 64

Unit 2 Review 68

Unit 2 Test 70

UNIT 1

UNIT 2UNIT 2

CONTENTS

Verbs

Lesson 15 Action Verbs • Write Your Own 72

Lesson 16 Direct Objects • Write Your Own 76

Lesson 17 Simple Tense: Present • Combining Sentences 80

Lesson 18 Simple Tense: Past • Write Your Own 84

Lesson 19 Simple Tense: Future • Revising Sentences 88

Lesson 20 Linking Verbs • Write Your Own 92

Lesson 21 Verb Phrases: Main Verbs and Helping Verbs • Write Your Own 96

Lesson 22 Progressive Forms of Verbs • Write Your Own 100

Lesson 23 Perfect Tenses • Write Your Own 104

Lesson 24 Inappropriate Shifts in Verb Tense • Write Your Own 108

Lesson 25 Irregular Verbs • Write Your Own 112

Lesson 26 More Irregular Verbs • Write Your Own 116

Lesson 27 Contractions with Not • Write Your Own 120

Lesson 28 Verbs Often Misused • Write Your Own 124

Unit 3 Review 128

Unit 3 Test 130

Unit 3 Test 118

AdjectiVes, AdVerbs, conjunctions, And PrePositions

Lesson 29 Adjectives • Combining Sentences 132

Lesson 30 Articles and Demonstrative Adjectives • Write Your Own 136

UNIT 3

UNIT 4

Lesson 31 Comparing with Adjectives • Write Your Own 140

Lesson 32 Comparing with Good and Bad • Write Your Own 144

Lesson 33 Adverbs • Revising Sentences 148

Lesson 34 Comparing with Adverbs • Write Your Own 152

Lesson 35 Using Good and Well, Real and Very • Write Your Own 156

Lesson 36 Negatives • Write Your Own 160

Lesson 37 Three Kinds of Conjunctions • Write Your Own 164

Lesson 38 Prepositions • Write Your Own 168

Lesson 39 Prepositional Phrases • Combining Sentences 172

Unit 4 Review 176

Unit 4 Test 178

Pronouns

Lesson 40 Subject Pronouns • Revising Sentences 180

Lesson 41 Object Pronouns • Combining Sentences 184

Lesson 42 Using I and Me, We, and Us • Write Your Own 188

Lesson 43 Possessive and Demonstrative Pronouns • Write Your Own 192

Lesson 44 Relative Pronouns and Relative Adverbs • Write Your Own 196

Lesson 45 Contractions with Pronouns • Write Your Own 200

Unit 5 Review 204

Unit 5 Test 206

UNIT 5

Capitalization, punCtuation, and Spelling

Lesson 46 Writing Sentences Correctly • Revising Sentences 208

Lesson 47 Capitalizing Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives • Write Your Own 212

Lesson 48 Abbreviations • Write Your Own 216

Lesson 49 Titles • Write Your Own 220

Lesson 50 Commas in a Series • Combining Sentences 224

Lesson 51 More Commas • Write Your Own 228

Lesson 52 Parts of a Letter • Write Your Own 232

Lesson 53 Quotations • Write Your Own 236

Lesson 54 Words Often Misspelled • Write Your Own 240

Lesson 55 Words Often Confused • Write Your Own 244

Unit 6 Review 248

Unit 6 Test 250

Index 252

ONLINE COMPONENTSavailable for computer and tablet at grammarworkshop.com

(See page ii for the student access code.)

• Interactive Quiz for Every Lesson

• Extra Practice for Every Lesson

• Proofreading Worksheets for Every Unit

UNIT 6UNIT 6

Lesson 24: Inappropriate Shifts in Verb TenseInappropriate Shifts in Verb Tense

LEARNLEARN ■ A verb’s tense tells the time of the action. When you shift the tense, you shift the time of the action .

INCORRECT I raise my hand and asked my teacher a question.

In the sentence above, the verb raise is in the present tense, and the verb asked is in the past tense. There is a shift from the present tense to the past tense. In the sentence, both actions happen in the same time period, so there is no reason to change the tense.

To correct the inappropriate shift in tense, write both verbs in the present tense, or write both in the past tense.

CORRECT I raise my hand and ask my teacher a question.CORRECT I raised my hand and asked my teacher a question.

■ An inappropriate shift in tense can also happen across two sentences. INCORRECT We use coal as a source of energy. We also used water power.

To correct the shift in verb tense, write both verbs in the present tense or both in the past tense.

CORRECT We use coal as a source of energy. We also use water power.CORRECT We used coal as a source of energy. We also used water power.

PRACTICEPRPRACTICERead each sentence. If the verb tenses are correct, write correct. If there is an inappropriate shift in verb tense, write incorrect.

1. Hydroelectricity is electricity that comes from water power.

2. Hydroelectric plants take energy from falling water and use it to make electricity.

3. At a hydroelectric plant, water rushes through turbines and makes them spin quickly.

4. As the turbines spin, they created electricity.

108 ■ Unit 3

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5. The electricity travels and sped through wires that span across cities.

6. The wires connect to houses and buildings and provide them with electricity.

7. People asked many questions about hydroelectric plants. They will wonder if it is safe for animals and the environment.

8. Before a power company builds a plant near the river, it made plans to protect the environment around it.

9. I like hydroelectric power because it is a clean power source.

10. Hydroelectric plants minimize air pollution and kept our air healthy and clean.

Write the word in parentheses that correctly completes each sentence.

1. After we learned about water power, we our attention to wind power. (turn, turned)

2. Windmill farms use wind to produce energy. These farms best in large, flat areas of land. (work, worked)

3. Early windmills were less sophisticated. They only small amounts of electricity. (made, will make)

4. A large wind turbine is as long as a football field and as tall as a twenty-story building. (stands, stood)

5. Bigger wind turbines gather more wind than smaller turbines. This means they

more electricity. (make, made)

6. Scientists study the effect of wind turbines on the

environment. They how turbines affect birds. (investigate, investigated)

7. Some scientists worry about what to do when there

is no wind. They how to combine wind energy and other clean energies. (discuss, discussed)

Unit 3 ■ 109

PRACTICE A continued

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Add

Period

Take out

Capital letter

Small letter

ProofreadinMark

Did you find and correct five inappropriate shifts in verb tense?

Look

Kyle wrote this report on how people rely on the sun. He made five

inappropriate shifts in verb tense. Use the proofreading marks in the box to correct his mistakes.

People rely on the sun for many things. One thing

we rely on the sun for is heat. For example, we built

windows in our homes to let in light to heat our houses.

And in winter, we go out into the sunshine for warmth.

We also rely on the sun for energy. A system that

converted sunlight directly into electricity makes use

of solar energy, the sun’s energy. You can see this

system at work in many places, from traffic signs to satellites.

Another type of solar energy captured sunlight and uses it

to heat water. The piping hot water creates steam, and the

steam turned the turbines that produce the electricity that

heats pools and buildings.

Solar energy has several advantages. It is a clean energy

source, and the sun was readily available. However, there are

some disadvantages. Solar panels

require sunlight, and the sun

does not always shine.

110 ■ Unit 3

When you are writing, use the context to make sure any shifts in verb tense are appropriate.

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❏ Did you check that all shifts in verb tense are appropriate?❏ Did you check that all shifts in verb tense are appropriate?

WRITEWRITEAdditional Resources at grammarworkshop.com

Sometimes a shift in verb tense makes sense.

In the sentence below, the word tomorrow in the first part of the sentence clearly indicates the future. In the second part, the words last month clearly indicate the past.

Tomorrow, we will review the different types of energy sources we learned about last month.

In the sentence below, what words in the first part of the sentence tells about the past? In the second part, what word tells about the present?

Last night, I had doubts about my presentation on wind energy, but now I am excited.

Read each sentence or pair of sentences. Write the past, present, or future tense of the verb in parentheses to correctly complete each sentence.

1. Last week, we learned about clean energy. Tomorrow, we models of windmills. (make)

2. At the end of the week, we will take a test on the different types of

clean energy we this past month. (study)

3. We already finished our lessons on clean energy. Later, we about green habits such as recycling. (talk)

4. Yesterday, I the only way to be green was to recycle, but now, I know there are many more things I can do. (think)

5. Our teacher taught us last week that it is important to save water, so now,

I off the water when I brush my teeth. (turn)

6. Before, my family thought it would be too hard to recycle, but now, we

all of our plastics and bottles into separate bins. (sort)

7. Tomorrow, I a presentation to the class about how my family started to recycle and garden. (give)

Unit 3 ■ 111

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