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Summary
ContentsCommodities market overview 1
Summary tables 4
CFTC net positioning 5
Inventories 9
Moving average and volumes 13
Futures curves 17
Recent publications 21
Commodity Monthly Matrix1 Performance
2- 1 Mth - 6 Mth - 12 Mth
All Commodities 1.6% -2.4% -2.6%
Energy 2.6% -6.8% -13.9%WTI Oil 55 -3.9% -2.5% -14.3% 6% 0.1% 2 0 Industrial Metals 4.3% -1.1% 5.1%Brent Oil 60 -1.8% -6.0% -1.6% 52% 1.6% 2 0 Precious Metals 0.0% 13.5% 23.0%Natural Gas 2.6 21.8% -1.9% 44.6% 32% -1.5% (1) (4) Agriculture -0.3% -4.9% -6.7%Gasoline 1.6 -10.6% -10.0% -2.6% -20% 1.2% 0 (2) MSCI World 3.8% 5.7% 4.0%
Heating Oil 1.9 0.0% -2.2% 8.0% 40% 0.0% 1 0 US Aggregate Bond -0.8% 5.4% 8.6%
Carbon 26.4 -2.6% 6.6% - - 0.0% (2) (2)
Wheat 4.9 2.9% -0.3% -2.7% -80% 0.5% 1 (2)
Corn 3.6 -2.9% -7.5% 5.4% -152% -3.6% (4) (2)
Soybeans 9 1.5% 0.4% -12.0% -57% -1.6% 0 (2)
Sugar 0.1 -7.1% -11.2% - -56% -8.8% (2) (2)
Cotton 0.6 3.9% -11.0% 8.4% 32% -1.0% (1) (4)
Coffee 1.0 3.3% 1.8% - -41% -3.2% (1) (2)
Soybean Oil 0.3 -0.8% 1.6% 4.5% -69% -1.2% (3) 0
Cocoa 2,296 6.6% -1.2% - -405% -1.8% (3) (4) CFTC Net Speculative PositioningAluminium 1,777 1.1% -2.4% -19.2% 3% -0.8% 1 (2) (in '000 contracts)
Copper (COMEX) 2.7 1.9% -2.1% 47.2% 26% -0.7% (1) (4)
Copper (LME) 5,950 2.4% -1.9% 19.3% -17% -0.3% (3) (4)
Zinc 2,384 2.9% -8.4% -14.5% -5% -0.1% (1) (2)
Nickel 17,810 11.9% 37.0% 1.8% 38% 0.0% 1 4
Lead 2,096 1.0% 5.8% 2.0% 0% -0.4% (2) 0
Tin 16,470 -4.0% -15.3% 3.0% 6% -0.1% (2) (2)
Gold 1,493 -0.6% 10.9% - -10% - (2) 4
Silver 17 2.7% 11.8% - 46% - 4 4
Platinum 952 10.8% 13.2% - 68% - 4 4
Palladium 1,601 10.3% 13.8% - 29% - 4 (2)
Live Cattle 1.0 -2.5% -15.9% - -59% -6.0% (4) (1)
Lean Hogs 0.7 -15.9% -6.9% - -27% -3.2% (4) (1)
Feeder Cattle 1.4 6.9% -3.3% - -8% 1.4% 0 (1)Source: WisdomTree, Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC), Bloomberg
1
Commodity Monthly Monitor
Jitters in the oil market and beyond 16 Aug - 13 Sep 2019
Volatility has hit oil markets. A drone attack on Saudi Aramco facilities caused oil prices to spike by nearly
20% intraday on Monday 16 September. This was the largest spike in a single day in oil markets since the
1980s and was fuelled by concerns about the global oil supply initially losing 5% of its flow without full
recovery until Saudi Arabia restores order. Within hours however, prices turned as markets began assessing
the damage done by the drone strike and started becoming less pessimistic about the impact on supply.
We believe this price behaviour is symptomatic of oil markets taking a myopic view of the situation. What
the markets are not pricing in is a reasonable geopolitical risk premium given the political fragility in the
region. The key risk is an escalation of tensions in the region resulting in sustained disruption to supply. In the
most extreme scenario, this could manifest in the form of an overt military conflict in the region causing the
Strait of Hormuz, one of the most important global oil chokepoints, to become a warzone. So how does
one avoid being myopic and form a reasonable expectation of where prices should be? At the very least,
we can zoom out on the oil price chart and observe that Brent was trading around $85/barrel roughly this
time last year. This is the time when US announced sanctions on Iran. Since then, global economic gloom
has shrouded the markets and expectations of weakening demand have caused oil prices to drop. While
demand growth may have slowed, we believe it is broadly steady and concerns about a protracted
reduction in demand, owing to trade wars or otherwise, may have been over-extrapolated. We therefore
still see upside potential in oil prices and believe a fairer price for Brent given the geopolitical risks is in the
$70-$75/barrel range.
Gold’s relatively flat performance last month following a strong rally since June is by no means a sign of the
metal losing its shine. We believe the risks that have caused investors to look towards historically safe haven
assets remain unchanged. What we are witnessing instead is investors turning to the broader precious
metals complex tactically not only to preserve wealth but make gains from a correlation rally. This has
given a strong impetus to silver in recent months and most recently to platinum and palladium.
Trade wars continue to weigh on industrial metals and agricultural commodities. There is cautious optimism
in markets for progress to be made as US and China resume talks. Despite renewed optimism over the US-
China trade negotiations due to take place in October, we expect all announced tariffs to be imposed as
scheduled but we believe there is a low probability of additional tariffs being imposed immediately. We
believe the attrition could continue for another few months and a deal may only be reached as we get
close to the US presidential election next year.
Nitesh Shah
Director
Aneeka Gupta
Associate Director
Mobeen Tahir
Associate Director
Current
Price2
Returns
(-1 Mth)
Positioning4
(- 1 Mth)
Sharp spike in oil markets as Saudi facilities are attacked. A drone attack on Saudi Aramco facilities
sent oil prices surging by more than 20% as markets opened on Monday 16 September before paring
initial gains later in the day. The attack is a reminder of the geopolitical risks in the region and the
potential supply shocks that may arise if they manifest.
Haven investing rally extends to the broader precious metals’ basket. Following a considerable rally
since June, gold was relatively flat last month. The rally however has extended to the wider basket with
speculative positioning driving the rally in silver and most recently platinum and palladium as investors
seek to gain from the correlation of other precious metals with gold.
Polarised performance across agricultural commodities. A new round of trade talks between the US
and China, due to take place in October are fuelling hopes of the US and China moving a step
forward in resolving the trade negotiations. However there remains plenty of ambiguity on the products
for which China plans to reduce the punitive tariffs for US agricultural suppliers. Most agricultural
commodities apart from cotton saw a steep rise in short positioning over the prior month.
Nickel outperforms amidst lacklustre performance across industrial metals. Nickel benefitted from the
announcement that the ban on Indonesian ore exports that was expected in 2022 had been brought
forward to January 2020. In comparison, the other industrial metals posted a lacklustre performance
owing to the weak global economic backdrop.
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13 Sep
Score
16 Aug
Score
Inventories3
(- 3 Mths)
Price vs 200
days MARoll Yield
5
Bloomberg TR Indexes for basket returns, data to Friday 13 September 2019.
Source: WisdomTree, Bloomberg
The score matrix is designed to highlight significant changes in key variables but should not be viewed as predictor of performance. Source: WisdomTree, Bloomberg
- Information not available. Green = returns positive, inventories falling, positioning rising, roll yield positive. Red = the opposite. Black = neutral. 1 Detailed explanation of the matrix calculations can be found at the end of this
report. 2 All prices are futures prices to Friday 13 Sep 19. Broad sector returns based on Bloomberg Commodity Index family. 3 % change in inventory over the past 3 months except for sugar and coffee which are based on past
6 months as data is updated bi-annually by USDA. 4 CFTC futures and LME COTR net positioning as at Sep 10, 2019 and Sep 13, 2019 respectively, % change from previous month. 5 Calculated as % difference between front
month and second month futures prices on report date.
-1,000
-500
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Precious Metals Livestock Industrial Metals
Energy Agriculture
Historical performance is not an indication of future performance and any investments may go down in value.
Agriculture Agriculture - September Returns*
Source: Bloomberg
Industrial Metals Industrial Metals - September Returns*
Source: Bloomberg
Energy Energy - September Returns*
Source: Bloomberg
Precious Metals Precious Metals - September Returns*
2
Source: Bloomberg
*Note: all returns are based on front month futures prices in the month to Friday 13 September 2019.
Historical performance is not an indication of future performance and any investments may go down in value.
Nickel was the outlier among industrial metals, rising 11.9% over the prior month amidst a subdued
performance posted by the rest of the metals. While there have been signs of goodwill in the US-China
trade war after China moved to exempt some US goods from tariffs and President Trump agreed to
delay raising tariffs on US$250bn of goods from October 1 to October 15th, the global macro backdrop
remains weak. Chinese economic data in August lost momentum with industrial production, retail sales
and manufacturing investment weakening in August. Chinese export growth in August slid to -1% owing
to the trade war risks and subdued external demand. China’s central bank responded by cutting the
reserve requirement ratio (RRR) for all depository financial institutions by 50 basis points (bps) and
selected financial institutions by 100bps. Eurozone industrial production in July was worse than
expected showing a decline of -0.4%. In the US, the Institute of Supply Management’s (ISM) gauge of
manufacturing activity moved into negative territory in August for the first time since 2016. Despite
renewed optimism over the US-China trade negotiations due to take place in October, we expect all
announced tariffs to be imposed as scheduled but we believe there is a low probability of additional
tariffs being imposed immediately.
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The agricultural sector posted a polarised performance last month. At one end of the spectrum, feeder
cattle prices rose 6.9% while lean hogs declined 15.9% over the prior month. A new round of trade talks
between the US and China, due to take place in October are fuelling hopes of the US and China
moving a step forward in resolving the trade negotiatons. However there still remains plenty of
ambiguity on the products for which China plans to reduce the punitive tariffs for US agricultural
suppliers. According to the US Soybean Export Council, China bought sizeable quantities of soybeans,
apparently totalling 15 cargoes or more than 600,000 tons, which mark the biggest purchase since June
this year.
Corn prices remained under pressure over the prior month declining 2.9%. A bearish outlook on corn in
the monthly September World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimate (WASDE) report added further
headwinds to corn prices. Corn yields were dropped only slightly and were offset with demand
decreases for corn used for ethanol. With use falling more than supply, corn ending stocks are
expected to be higher over the prior month.
Sector Overview
Oil markets in recent months have largely been fixated on demand for the commodity with economic
data and developments on the trade front being the major determinants of prices. In our previous
publications we have observed that weak prices imply an inadequate geopolitical risk premium being
demanded by investors particularly given the tensions in the Middle East. The latest attack on Saudi
Aramco facilities is a blunt reminder to markets of the fragility in the region and the disruptive impact
any geopolitical escalation could have on oil supply. An overt conflict between Saudi Arabia and Iran
could indeed cause the Strait of Hormuz (the world’s most important oil transit chokepoint) to become
out of bounds for vessels, potentially creating a major supply shock.
Economically, global demand for oil has largely been steady. We have therefore recently been
forecasting Brent prices to attain levels around $70-$75 per barrel by the end of the year as the
geopolitical risk premium gets priced in and the Organisation for Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
potentially tightens supply further. While a major conflict in the region remains an unpredictable event
that would fuel the oil price rally considerably, we expect volatility on the political front to continue in
the near term. Further support could be lent to prices if progress is made between US and China in their
trade talks. Thus, we see the skew of risks to oil prices to be on the upside for the rest of the year.
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Gold hovered around the $1500/oz mark last month as speculative positioning reached all time highs
surpassing levels achieved in 2016 around the Brexit referendum and US presidential election. We
believe the risks that have driven investors to seek safe havens in recent months propelling gold prices
are still alive. The Brexit puzzle remains unsolved as we approach the October 31st deadline, the trade
dispute between US and China continues, political risks in Europe have not dissipated, and tensions in
the Middle East are on the rise. In our base case, we project speculative positioning to come down
from current levels but expect monetary policy from the Federal Reserve (Fed) to remain
accommodative pushing gold up to $1550/oz by Q2 2020. In an alternative scenario however, if
speculative positioning remains at current levels, prices could reach $1820/oz around the same time.
The rest of the precious metals basket is experiencing a lagged rally on account of its correlation with
gold. Silver followed gold and has rallied since July defying generally unimpressive global
manufacturing Purchasing Managers Index (PMIs). We expect silver to shine further based on our
internal model's base case and reach $19.90/oz before the end of the year before weakness in
manufacturing demand weighs on prices. Platinum and palladium, which are more industrial than
silver, rallied strongly last month with returns over 10% for both. This, again, reflects the correlation trade
across the broader precious metals complex with speculative positioning driving prices despite
fundamentals staying broadly unchanged.
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-15%
-10%
-5%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
Na
tura
l Ga
s
He
atin
g O
il
Bre
nt
Oil
Ca
rbo
n
WTI
Oil
Ga
solin
e
-20%
-15%
-10%
-5%
0%
5%
10%
Fe
ed
er
Ca
ttle
Co
co
a
Co
tto
n
Co
ffe
e
Wh
ea
t
So
yb
ea
ns
So
yb
ea
n O
il
Liv
e C
att
le
Co
rn
Su
ga
r
Lea
n H
og
s
-2.0%
0.0%
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
12.0%
Pla
tin
um
Pa
llad
ium
Silv
er
Go
ld
-6%
-4%
-2%
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
Nic
ke
l
Zin
c
Co
pp
er
(LM
E)
Co
pp
er
(CO
MEX
)
Alu
min
um
Lea
d
Tin
Positioning Top 5/Bottom 5 Change in CFTC Net Positions (over past month)1
Source: Bloomberg
Inventories Top 5/Bottom 5 Change in Inventories (over past 3 months)2
Curve Dynamics Top 5/Bottom 5 Roll Yields (front to next month)3
Source: Bloomberg
Technicals Top 5/Bottom 5 Price Diff to 200 day moving av. (dma)4
Source: Bloomberg
1 CFTC futures net positioning as at report date, percent change from previous month. 2 Percent change in inventory based on 3 month change (in %).
3 Roll yields calculated as percent change between front month futures price and next month futures price on Sep 13, 2019.4 Percent difference between the front month futures price and its 200 day moving average on Sep 13, 2019.
3
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Technical Overview (as of Sep 13, 2019)
Most agricultural commodities apart from cotton saw a steep rise in short positioning
over the prior month. Net speculative positioning in cocoa futures swung from net
long to net short contracts and is now trading more than 1-standard deviation
below its long-term average underpinning the extreme bearishness towards the
cocoa market.
Net speculative positioning on nickel futures rose 38% after confirmation that the
ban on Indonesian ore exports that was expected in 2022 had been brought
forward to January 2020.
Net positioning for Brent crude increased last month as investors covered their shorts
and added new long positions following price weakness in recent months.
Net speculative positioning in platinum increased by nearly 68% during the month as
investors sought to benefit from the correlation of the broader precious metals’
basket with gold.
Silver’s net speculative positioning increased by around 46% during the month
having accumulated considerably since June in line with speculative positioning in
gold.
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Coffee, lean hogs, corn, live cattle, sugar futures are in contango. Roll yields are
considerably negative with sugar at -8.8% and corn at -3.6% indicating that the
markets are in over-supply in the short-term.
The front end of the wheat futures contract reverted to backwardation with a roll
yield of +0.5% from being in contango with a roll yield of -0.8% a month ago.
Gasoline remains in strong backwardation at the front end on account of its
seasonal futures curve. Brent and WTI are both in backwardation and the oil rally on
16 September has made the curves more backwardated.
Cotton inventories have increased 8.4% over the past 3 months. In the latest WASDE
report, the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) raised its forecasts for world ending
cotton stocks for 2019/20 to 1.3mn bales owing to higher beginning stocks but lower
production, consumption and world trade.
According to USDA, global soybean ending stocks for 2019/20 are lower as reduced
stocks for Argentina and the United States are partly offset by higher stocks for Brazil,
Iran and India.
Copper inventories have increased on average by 24% on all three exchanges over
the period owing to a seasonal demand lull.
In line with seasonal trends, WTI inventories continued their decline last month. They
have edged moderately towards the lower end of the preceding 5-year average +/-
1 standard deviation potentially indicating that demand might not be as weak as
markets think.
Natural gas inventories continue to build as per seasonal trends as winter
approaches and the demand for the commodity increases for heating purposes.
Source: Bloomberg
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Cotton futures staged a recovery over the prior month, rising 3.9% surpassing its 50-
dma. While it remains below its 200-dma, the condition of US cotton plants has
worsened considerably which could lend tailwind for further price upside.
Nickel prices surged by 37% above its 200-dma driven by the announcement of the
Indonesian ore export ban being moved forward to January 2020. We continue to
expect further upside for nickel owing to the ongoing supply deficit coupled with
rising demand from the Electric Vehicle (EV) industry.
According to the International Tin Association (ITA), concerted production cuts
planned by Chinese tin smelters are likely to result in a decline in domestic stocks.
The ITA expects Chinese tin production to fall this year to 145,000 – 150,000 tons in
accordance with the planned cuts. At the same time ITA expects Tin demand to
remain at 160,000 tons. Tin prices have drifted 15.3% below its 200-dma, however we
expect the further tightening of supply to support a price recovery in the near term.
It is unsurprising that the precious metals complex features in the chart given the
recent risk aversion in markets. Following a recovery in prices last month, palladium
now leads the pack and stands at 13.8% above its 200-day moving average.
Historical performance is not an indication of future performance and any investments may go down in value.
-30% -20% -10% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
Copper - Comex
Natural Gas
Copper - LME
Cotton
Heating Oil
Wheat
Soybeans
WTI Oil
Zinc
Aluminium
-20% -10% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40%
Nickel
Palladium
Platinum
Silver
Gold
Gasoline
Cotton
Sugar
Tin
Live Cattle
% < 200 dma % > 200 dma
-10% -8% -6% -4% -2% 0% 2% 4%
Brent Oil
Feeder Cattle
Gasoline
Wheat
WTI Oil
Coffee
Lean Hogs
Corn
Live Cattle
Sugar
Contango Backwardation
-500% -400% -300% -200% -100% 0% 100%
Platinum
Brent Oil**
Silver
Heating Oil
Nickel
Live Cattle
Soybean Oil
Wheat
Corn
Cocoa
4 23 42 61 4 3
Unit ROLL YIELDS2 Unit
Exchang
e 13-Sep 1 Week 1 Month 3 Month
Energy EnergyWTI Oil 55 USD/bbl. -3.9% 4.9% -5.9% -20.0% WTI Oil USD/bbl. NYMEX 0.1% 0.2% 0.0% -0.5%
Brent Oil 60 USD/bbl. -1.8% -1.8% -10.9% -23.0% Brent Oil USD/bbl. ICE 1.6% 1.6% 0.6% 1.4%
Natural Gas 2.6 USD/MMBtu 21.8% 12.4% -7.3% -7.2% Natural Gas USD/MMBtu NYMEX -1.5% -2.2% -0.6% 0.1%
Gasoline 1.6 USd/gal. -10.6% -9.7% -16.4% -22.1% Gasoline USd/gal. NYMEX 1.2% 1.4% 9.2% 1.5%
Heating Oil 1.9 USd/gal. 0.0% 3.9% -5.7% -15.5% Heating Oil USd/gal. NYMEX 0.0% -0.1% -0.4% -0.5%
Carbon 26.4 EUR/MT -2.6% 5.9% 18.9% 39.7% Carbon EUR/MT ICE 0.0% 0.0% -0.1% -0.2%
Agriculture
Wheat 4.9 USd/bu. 2.9% -9.3% 10.3% 3.0% Wheat USd/bu. CBOT 0.5% -0.8% -0.8% -0.6%
Corn 3.6 USd/bu. -2.9% -19.6% -0.5% 5.7% Corn USd/bu. CBOT -3.6% -3.7% -2.8% -1.3%
Soybeans 8.8 USd/bu. 1.5% -0.4% -0.5% 7.5% Soybeans USd/bu. CBOT -1.6% -1.5% -0.5% -0.7%
Sugar 0.1 USd/lb. -7.1% -14.6% -11.9% -6.8% Sugar USd/lb. NYBOT -8.8% -7.9% -8.2% -1.2%
Cotton 0.6 USd/lb. 3.9% -7.8% -18.6% -24.5% Cotton USd/lb. NYBOT -1.0% 0.3% -0.1% -0.4%
Coffee 1.0 USd/lb. 3.3% 2.2% 5.3% 3.2% Coffee USd/lb. NYBOT -3.2% -3.3% -3.4% -2.4%
Soybean Oil 0.3 USd/lb. -0.8% 3.3% -2.5% 5.5% Soybean Oil USd/lb. CBOT -1.2% 0.1% 0.0% -0.5%
Cocoa 2,296 USD/MT 6.6% -9.1% 4.2% -0.8% Cocoa USD/MT NYBOT -1.8% -2.7% -2.4% 0.7%
Industrial Metals Industrial Metals
Aluminum 1,777 USD/MT 1.1% 1.2% -5.6% -12.4% Aluminum USD/MT LME -0.8% -0.6% -0.6% -0.7%
Copper 2.7 USd/lb. 1.9% 0.9% -8.6% 0.6% Copper USd/lb. COMEX -0.7% -0.7% -0.3% 0.0%
Copper (LME) 5,950 USD/MT 2.4% 2.0% -8.4% -1.1% Copper (LME) USD/MT LME -0.3% -0.2% -0.2% -0.3%
Zinc 2,384 USD/MT 2.9% -7.7% -17.4% 1.6% Zinc USD/MT LME -0.1% 0.1% -0.2% 2.1%
Nickel 17,810 USD/MT 11.9% 51.4% 35.7% 42.2% Nickel USD/MT LME 0.0% 0.1% -0.1% -0.2%
Lead 2,096 USD/MT 1.0% 10.5% -1.0% 3.5% Lead USD/MT LME -0.4% 0.0% 0.1% 0.3%
Tin 16,470 USD/MT -4.0% -15.6% -22.3% -13.5% Tin USD/MT LME -0.1% 0.1% 0.0% 0.3%
Precious Metals Precious Metals
Gold 1,493 USD/t oz. -0.6% 11.5% 14.0% 24.1% Gold USD/t oz. COMEX -0.4% -0.4% -0.4% -0.3%
Silver 17.4 USD/t oz. 2.7% 17.1% 13.4% 23.3% Silver USD/t oz. COMEX -0.8% -0.8% -0.8% -0.5%
Platinum 952 USD/t oz. 10.8% 17.6% 13.1% 18.5% Platinum USD/t oz. NYMEX -0.6% -0.6% -0.6% -0.6%
Palladium 1,601 USD/t oz. 10.3% 12.0% 4.2% 60.5% Palladium USD/t oz. NYMEX 0.0% 0.0% -0.1% -0.6%
Livestock Livestock
Live Cattle 1.0 USd/lb. -2.5% -10.1% -22.6% -11.5% Live Cattle USd/lb. CME -6.0% -4.9% 1.3% 4.1%
Lean Hogs 0.7 USd/lb. -15.9% -16.1% 4.7% 19.4% Lean Hogs USd/lb. CME -3.2% 1.6% 22.3% -5.0%
Feeder Cattle 1.4 USd/lb. 6.9% 0.2% -3.6% -11.9% Feeder Cattle USd/lb. CME 1.4% 1.9% 0.4% -0.2%
EnergyE
nEnergy
WTI Oil 449,964 433,444 425,231 385,938 584,345 Oil - US 416,068 -4.9% -6% -14% -7%
Brent Oil** 221,033 173,437 145,401 88,886 296,145 Oil - OECD Europe** 346 -1% 2% -2% 7%
Natural Gas -146,835 -116,014 -216,003 -24,229 -71,882 Natural Gas - DOE 3,019 -4% 10% 45% 154%
Gasoline 50,972 71,575 64,012 86,548 98,403 Gasoline - DOE 228,904 2% -2% -3% -7%
Heating Oil -814 11,777 -1,356 -14,154 41,018 Heating Oil - DOE 11,012 -2% 7% 8% 1%
Agriculture Industrial Metals
Wheat 3,541 -43,386 17,785 -63,074 18,427 Aluminum 1,253,761 -52% -9% -19% -35%
Corn -71,960 64,478 137,585 -192,475 6,241 Aluminum - LME 910,950 -58% -7% -15% -24%
Soybeans -58,980 34,053 -37,634 -68,080 -77,854 Aluminium - SHFE 342,811 -23% -12% -28% -54%
Sugar -183,701 50,350 -117,956 -81,682 -106,501 Copper 493,264 -8% 5% 16% 24%
Cotton -23,546 53,746 -34,534 -1,700 82,663 Copper - LME 296,625 18% 9% 19% 165%
Coffee -39,767 -12,207 -28,217 -69,115 -99,293 Copper - SHFE 152,188 -16% -3% 5% -36%
Soybean Oil 12,645 33,953 40,862 48,703 -67,452 Copper - COMEX 44,451 -57% 7% 47% -13%
Cocoa -21,644 21,108 7,089 -17,530 6,563 Nickel - LME 166,680 -52% 16% 2% -14%
Industrial Metals5 Zinc 139,175 -71% -10% -15% -21%
Copper (COMEX) -40,309 1,428 -54,169 25,018 -8,964 Zinc - LME 62,550 -82% -17% -39% 6%
Copper (LME) 16,591 35,127 19,930 50,979 27,952 Zinc - SHFE 76,625 -40% -4% 26% -35%
Aluminum 154,630 155,396 149,931 152,304 180,152 Lead 99,491 -48% -17% 2% -6%
Nickel 38,925 16,207 28,111 20,393 -773 Lead - LME 75,650 -52% -7% 11% -3%
Zinc 30,601 44,808 32,318 62,904 29,396 Lead - SHFE 23,841 -30% -38% -19% -16%
Lead 56,983 51,015 57,255 48,911 53,385 Tin 11,842 32% 8% 3% 22%
Tin 9,227 7,930 8,673 9,720 7,145 Tin - LME 6,760 45% 38% 96% 496%
Precious Metals Tin - SHFE 5,082 17% -16% -37% -41%
Gold 309,774 142,899 344,267 98,852 -28,517A
gAgriculture
Silver 67,299 36,556 45,997 26,090 -28,323 Wheat - USDA 286,510 46.2% 0.4% -2.7% 5.9%
Platinum 36,975 23,272 22,054 17,864 -7,161 Corn - USDA 306,270 110% -0.5% 5.4% -0.7%
Palladium 11,600 13,774 9,014 13,091 6,695 Soybeans - USDA 99,190 57% -2.5% -12.0% -7%
Livestock Sugar - USDA 47,836 33% - - -6%
Live Cattle 20,158 82,856 48,872 152,612 73,757 Cotton - USDA 83,750 17% 1.6% 8.4% 10.1%
Lean Hogs 48,968 42,875 67,384 12,092 19,801 Coffee - USDA 33,545 -7% - - -8%
Feeder Cattle -3,772 6,829 -3,507 2,079 2,324 Soybean Oil - USDA 3,680 -11% -1.1% 5% -1%
1Performance of front month futures from 13 Sep 18 (1 Year), 13 Mar 19 (6 Month), 13 Jun 19 (3 Month) and 13 Aug 19 (1 Month) to 13 Sep 19.
2Roll return non-annualised from front month futures into second " month on 13 Jun 19 (3 Month), 13 Aug 19 (1 Month), 06 Sep 19 (1 Week), 13 Sep 19.
4
Summary Tables
INVENTORY LEVELS4
Current 1 Year
5 Yr
Average
PRICES1 3 Month
1 Month
6 Month1 Month
6 Month
3Net positions in number of contracts.
4Current inventories relative to 1, 3, 6 months ago. Under the column "5 yr average" is the current inventory level relative to 5 year average inventory.
For energy, 5 yr average is the average of the same month as report month over the past 5 years. SHFE started reporting inventory data from April 2015. 5All Industrial metals positioning
data (excluding copper) is sourced from LME COTR data in Bloomberg from 30 January 2018 (first available date) under post-MIFID rules. **Brent 5 Yr average of net positions from January
2011 as positions were not reported by CFTC before then and inventory data (OECD) reported with 3 month lag with current = June 2019.
Historical performance is not an indication of future performance and any investments may go down in value.
Agriculture
1 YearCFTC NET POSITIONING3 6 MonthCurrent 3 Month
5 Yr
Average1 MonthCurrent
T
Agriculture
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
·Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Note: positioning in '000 contracts. Standard deviation based on 5 year average CFTC non-commercial net positioning 5
CFTC Speculative Net Long Futures Positions
All commodity futures price data is denominated in USD unless otherwise indicated. CFTC futures and LME COTR net positioning as at Sep 10, 2019 and Sep 13, 2019 respectively.
1,600
1,800
2,000
2,200
2,400
2,600
2,800
3,000
3,200
3,400
3,600
-50
-30
-10
10
30
50
70
90
110
Se
p-1
4
De
c-1
4
Ma
r-1
5
Ju
n-1
5
Se
p-1
5
De
c-1
5
Ma
r-1
6
Ju
n-1
6
Se
p-1
6
De
c-1
6
Ma
r-1
7
Ju
n-1
7
Se
p-1
7
De
c-1
7
Ma
r-1
8
Ju
n-1
8
Se
p-1
8
De
c-1
8
Ma
r-19
Ju
n-1
9
Se
p-1
9
Cocoa
CFTC non-commercial net positioning Price (RHS, USD/MT)
-1x stdv
-2x stdv
1x stdv
2x stdv
5 Yr Average
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
-350
-250
-150
-50
50
150
250
350
450
Se
p-1
4
De
c-1
4
Ma
r-1
5
Ju
n-1
5
Se
p-1
5
De
c-1
5
Ma
r-16
Ju
n-1
6
Se
p-1
6
De
c-1
6
Ma
r-1
7
Ju
n-1
7
Se
p-1
7
De
c-1
7
Ma
r-18
Ju
n-1
8
Se
p-1
8
De
c-1
8
Ma
r-1
9
Ju
n-1
9
Se
p-1
9
Corn
CFTC non-commercial net positioning Price (RHS, USd/bu.)
1x stdv
-1x stdv
2x stdv
-2x stdv
5 Yr Average
0.25
0.27
0.29
0.31
0.33
0.35
0.37
0.39
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
Se
p-1
4
De
c-1
4
Ma
r-1
5
Ju
n-1
5
Se
p-1
5
De
c-1
5
Ma
r-16
Ju
n-1
6
Se
p-1
6
De
c-1
6
Ma
r-17
Ju
n-1
7
Se
p-1
7
De
c-1
7
Ma
r-1
8
Ju
n-1
8
Se
p-1
8
De
c-1
8
Ma
r-1
9
Ju
n-1
9
Se
p-1
9
Soybean Oil
CFTC non-commercial net positioning Price (RHS, USd/lb.)
1x stdv
-1x stdv
2x stdv
-2x stdv
5 Yr Average
0.10
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.18
0.20
0.22
0.24
-300
-200
-100
0
100
200
300
400
Se
p-1
4
De
c-1
4
Ma
r-1
5
Ju
n-1
5
Se
p-1
5
De
c-1
5
Ma
r-16
Ju
n-1
6
Se
p-1
6
De
c-1
6
Ma
r-1
7
Ju
n-1
7
Se
p-1
7
De
c-1
7
Ma
r-1
8
Ju
n-1
8
Se
p-1
8
De
c-1
8
Ma
r-19
Ju
n-1
9
Se
p-1
9
Sugar
CFTC non-commercial net positioning Price (RHS, USd/lb.)
1x stdv
-1x stdv
2x stdv
-2x stdv
5 Yr Average
8
9
9
10
10
11
11
12
12
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Se
p-1
4
De
c-1
4
Ma
r-1
5
Ju
n-1
5
Se
p-1
5
De
c-1
5
Ma
r-1
6
Ju
n-1
6
Se
p-1
6
De
c-1
6
Ma
r-1
7
Ju
n-1
7
Se
p-1
7
De
c-1
7
Ma
r-18
Ju
n-1
8
Se
p-1
8
De
c-1
8
Ma
r-1
9
Ju
n-1
9
Se
p-1
9
Soybeans
CFTC non-commercial net positioning Price (RHS, USd/bu.)
1x stdv
-1x stdv
2x stdv
-2x stdv
5 Yr Average
3
4
4
5
5
6
6
7
7
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
50
100
Se
p-1
4
De
c-1
4
Ma
r-1
5
Ju
n-1
5
Se
p-1
5
De
c-1
5
Ma
r-1
6
Ju
n-1
6
Se
p-1
6
De
c-1
6
Ma
r-1
7
Ju
n-1
7
Se
p-1
7
De
c-1
7
Ma
r-1
8
Ju
n-1
8
Se
p-1
8
De
c-1
8
Ma
r-1
9
Ju
n-1
9
Se
p-1
9
Wheat
CFTC non-commercial net positioning Price (RHS, USd/bu.)
1x stdv
-1x stdv
2x stdv
-2x stdv
5 Yr Average
0.3
0.8
1.3
1.8
2.3
2.8
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
Se
p-1
4
De
c-1
4
Ma
r-15
Ju
n-1
5
Se
p-1
5
De
c-1
5
Ma
r-1
6
Ju
n-1
6
Se
p-1
6
De
c-1
6
Ma
r-17
Ju
n-1
7
Se
p-1
7
De
c-1
7
Ma
r-1
8
Ju
n-1
8
Se
p-1
8
De
c-1
8
Ma
r-19
Ju
n-1
9
Se
p-1
9
Coffee
CFTC non-commercial net positioning Price (RHS, USd/lb.)
1x stdv
-1x stdv
2x stdv
-2x stdv
5 Yr Average
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.8
0.8
0.9
0.9
1.0
1.0
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Se
p-1
4
De
c-1
4
Ma
r-1
5
Ju
n-1
5
Se
p-1
5
De
c-1
5
Ma
r-1
6
Ju
n-1
6
Se
p-1
6
De
c-1
6
Ma
r-1
7
Ju
n-1
7
Se
p-1
7
De
c-1
7
Ma
r-18
Ju
n-1
8
Se
p-1
8
De
c-1
8
Ma
r-19
Ju
n-1
9
Se
p-1
9
Cotton
CFTC non-commercial net positioning Price (RHS, USd/lb.)
1x stdv
-1x stdv
2x stdv
-2x stdv
5 Yr Average
Historical performance is not an indication of future performance and any investments may go down in value.
Energy
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
6Note: positioning in '000 contracts. Standard deviation based on 5 year average CFTC non-commercial net positioning. All commodity futures price data is denominated in
USD unless otherwise indicated. *Brent average of net positions from January 2011 as positions were not reported by CFTC before then.
Historical performance is not an indication of future performance and any investments may go down in value.
0.9
1.1
1.3
1.5
1.7
1.9
2.1
2.3
2.5
2.7
2.9
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
Se
p-1
4
De
c-1
4
Ma
r-1
5
Ju
n-1
5
Se
p-1
5
De
c-1
5
Ma
r-16
Ju
n-1
6
Se
p-1
6
De
c-1
6
Ma
r-1
7
Ju
n-1
7
Se
p-1
7
De
c-1
7
Ma
r-1
8
Ju
n-1
8
Se
p-1
8
De
c-1
8
Ma
r-1
9
Ju
n-1
9
Se
p-1
9
Heating Oil
CFTC non-commercial net positioning Price (RHS, USd/gal.)
1x stdv
-1x stdv
2x stdv
-2x stdv
5 Yr Average
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
-300
-250
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
50
100
Se
p-1
4
De
c-1
4
Ma
r-15
Ju
n-1
5
Se
p-1
5
De
c-1
5
Ma
r-1
6
Ju
n-1
6
Se
p-1
6
De
c-1
6
Ma
r-1
7
Ju
n-1
7
Se
p-1
7
De
c-1
7
Ma
r-18
Ju
n-1
8
Se
p-1
8
De
c-1
8
Ma
r-19
Ju
n-1
9
Se
p-1
9
Natural Gas
CFTC non-commercial net positioning Price (RHS, USD/MMBtu)
1x stdv
-1x stdv
2x stdv
-2x stdv
5 Yr Average
25
35
45
55
65
75
85
95
105
-200
-100
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
Se
p-1
4
De
c-1
4
Ma
r-1
5
Ju
n-1
5
Se
p-1
5
De
c-1
5
Ma
r-16
Ju
n-1
6
Se
p-1
6
De
c-1
6
Ma
r-1
7
Ju
n-1
7
Se
p-1
7
De
c-1
7
Ma
r-1
8
Ju
n-1
8
Se
p-1
8
De
c-1
8
Ma
r-19
Ju
n-1
9
Se
p-1
9
Brent Oil
ICE managed money net positioning Price (RHS, USD/bbl.)
1x stdv
-1x stdv
2x stdv
-2x stdv
5 Yr Average
0.8
1.3
1.8
2.3
2.8
3.3
3.8
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
Se
p-1
4
De
c-1
4
Ma
r-15
Ju
n-1
5
Se
p-1
5
De
c-1
5
Ma
r-1
6
Ju
n-1
6
Se
p-1
6
De
c-1
6
Ma
r-17
Ju
n-1
7
Se
p-1
7
De
c-1
7
Ma
r-1
8
Ju
n-1
8
Se
p-1
8
De
c-1
8
Ma
r-1
9
Ju
n-1
9
Se
p-1
9
Gasoline
CFTC non-commercial net positioning Price (RHS, USd/gal.)
-1x stdv
2x stdv
-2x stdv
5 Yr Average
1x stdv
25
35
45
55
65
75
85
95
105
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
Se
p-1
4
De
c-1
4
Ma
r-15
Ju
n-1
5
Se
p-1
5
De
c-1
5
Ma
r-16
Ju
n-1
6
Se
p-1
6
De
c-1
6
Ma
r-1
7
Ju
n-1
7
Se
p-1
7
De
c-1
7
Ma
r-1
8
Ju
n-1
8
Se
p-1
8
De
c-1
8
Ma
r-1
9
Ju
n-1
9
Se
p-1
9
WTI Oil
CFTC non-commercial net positioning Price (RHS, USD/bbl.)
1x stdv
-1x stdv
2x stdv
-2x stdv
5 Yr Average
Industrial Metals
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
7Note: positioning in '000 contracts. Standard deviation based on 5 year average CFTC non-commercial net positioning. LME non-commercial net positions from 30 January
2018 post MIFID II data and respective graphs represent daily data. All commodity futures price data is denominated in USD unless otherwise indicated.
Historical performance is not an indication of future performance and any investments may go down in value.
5,400
5,600
5,800
6,000
6,200
6,400
6,600
6,800
7,000
7,200
7,400
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Ja
n-1
8
Fe
b-1
8
Ma
r-1
8
Ap
r-1
8
Ma
y-1
8
Ju
n-1
8
Ju
l-1
8
Au
g-1
8
Se
p-1
8
Oc
t-18
No
v-1
8
De
c-1
8
Ja
n-1
9
Fe
b-1
9
Ma
r-1
9
Ap
r-1
9
Ma
y-1
9
Ju
n-1
9
Ju
l-1
9
Au
g-1
9
Copper (LME)
LME non-commercial net positioning Price (RHS, USD/MT)
2,000
2,200
2,400
2,600
2,800
3,000
3,200
3,400
3,600
3,800
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Ja
n-1
8
Fe
b-1
8
Ma
r-1
8
Ap
r-18
Ma
y-1
8
Ju
n-1
8
Ju
l-18
Au
g-1
8
Se
p-1
8
Oc
t-18
No
v-1
8
De
c-1
8
Ja
n-1
9
Fe
b-1
9
Ma
r-1
9
Ap
r-19
Ma
y-1
9
Ju
n-1
9
Ju
l-19
Au
g-1
9
Zinc
LME non-commercial net positioning Price (RHS, USD/MT)
1,500
1,700
1,900
2,100
2,300
2,500
2,700
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Ja
n-1
8
Fe
b-1
8
Ma
r-1
8
Ap
r-1
8
Ma
y-1
8
Ju
n-1
8
Ju
l-1
8
Au
g-1
8
Se
p-1
8
Oc
t-18
No
v-1
8
De
c-1
8
Ja
n-1
9
Fe
b-1
9
Ma
r-1
9
Ap
r-1
9
Ma
y-1
9
Ju
n-1
9
Ju
l-1
9
Au
g-1
9
Lead
LME non-commercial net positioning Price (RHS, USD/MT)
9,800
10,800
11,800
12,800
13,800
14,800
15,800
16,800
17,800
18,800
-14
-9
-4
1
6
11
16
21
26
31
36
41
46
51
Ja
n-1
8
Fe
b-1
8
Ma
r-1
8
Ap
r-18
Ma
y-1
8
Ju
n-1
8
Ju
l-1
8
Au
g-1
8
Se
p-1
8
Oc
t-1
8
No
v-1
8
De
c-1
8
Ja
n-1
9
Fe
b-1
9
Ma
r-1
9
Ap
r-1
9
Ma
y-1
9
Ju
n-1
9
Ju
l-1
9
Au
g-1
9
Nickel
LME non-commercial net positioning Price (RHS, USD/MT)
1,700
1,900
2,100
2,300
2,500
2,700
70
90
110
130
150
170
190
210
Ja
n-1
8
Fe
b-1
8
Ma
r-1
8
Ap
r-1
8
Ma
y-1
8
Ju
n-1
8
Ju
l-1
8
Au
g-1
8
Se
p-1
8
Oc
t-18
No
v-1
8
De
c-1
8
Ja
n-1
9
Fe
b-1
9
Ma
r-1
9
Ap
r-19
Ma
y-1
9
Ju
n-1
9
Ju
l-1
9
Au
g-1
9
Aluminum
LME non-commercial net positioning Price (RHS, USD/MT)
1.7
2.2
2.7
3.2
3.7
4.2
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
Se
p-1
4
De
c-1
4
Ma
r-15
Ju
n-1
5
Se
p-1
5
De
c-1
5
Ma
r-1
6
Ju
n-1
6
Se
p-1
6
De
c-1
6
Ma
r-1
7
Ju
n-1
7
Se
p-1
7
De
c-1
7
Ma
r-1
8
Ju
n-1
8
Se
p-1
8
De
c-1
8
Ma
r-19
Ju
n-1
9
Se
p-1
9
Copper (COMEX)
CFTC non-commercial net positioning Price (RHS, USd/lb.)
1x stdv
-1x stdv
2x stdv
-2x stdv
5 Yr Average
15,500
16,500
17,500
18,500
19,500
20,500
21,500
22,500
0
5
10
15
Ja
n-1
8
Fe
b-1
8
Ma
r-1
8
Ap
r-1
8
Ma
y-1
8
Ju
n-1
8
Ju
l-1
8
Au
g-1
8
Se
p-1
8
Oc
t-18
No
v-1
8
De
c-1
8
Ja
n-1
9
Fe
b-1
9
Ma
r-1
9
Ap
r-1
9
Ma
y-1
9
Ju
n-1
9
Ju
l-1
9
Au
g-1
9
Tin
LME non-commercial net positioning Price (RHS, USD/MT)
Precious Metals
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Livestock
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
8Note: positioning in '000 contracts. Standard deviation based on 5 year average CFTC non-commercial net positioning. respective graphs represent daily data. All
commodity futures price data is denominated in USD unless otherwise indicated.
Historical performance is not an indication of future performance and any investments may go down in value.
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Se
p-1
4
De
c-1
4
Ma
r-1
5
Ju
n-1
5
Se
p-1
5
De
c-1
5
Ma
r-1
6
Ju
n-1
6
Se
p-1
6
De
c-1
6
Ma
r-1
7
Ju
n-1
7
Se
p-1
7
De
c-1
7
Ma
r-1
8
Ju
n-1
8
Se
p-1
8
De
c-1
8
Ma
r-1
9
Ju
n-1
9
Se
p-1
9
Lean Hogs
CFTC non-commercial net positioning Price (RHS, USd/lb.)
1x stdv
-1x stdv
2x stdv
-2x stdv
5 Yr Average
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
-50
0
50
100
150
200
Se
p-1
4
De
c-1
4
Ma
r-1
5
Ju
n-1
5
Se
p-1
5
De
c-1
5
Ma
r-16
Ju
n-1
6
Se
p-1
6
De
c-1
6
Ma
r-1
7
Ju
n-1
7
Se
p-1
7
De
c-1
7
Ma
r-1
8
Ju
n-1
8
Se
p-1
8
De
c-1
8
Ma
r-19
Ju
n-1
9
Se
p-1
9
Live Cattle
CFTC non-commercial net positioning Price (RHS, USd/lb.)
1x stdv
-1x stdv
2x stdv
-2x stdv
5 Yr Average
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
Se
p-1
4
De
c-1
4
Ma
r-1
5
Ju
n-1
5
Se
p-1
5
De
c-1
5
Ma
r-1
6
Ju
n-1
6
Se
p-1
6
De
c-1
6
Ma
r-17
Ju
n-1
7
Se
p-1
7
De
c-1
7
Ma
r-1
8
Ju
n-1
8
Se
p-1
8
De
c-1
8
Ma
r-1
9
Ju
n-1
9
Se
p-1
9
Feeder Cattle
CFTC non-commercial net positioning Price (RHS, USd/lb.)
1x stdv
-1x stdv
2x stdv
-2x stdv
5 Yr Average
12
19
26
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Se
p-1
4
De
c-1
4
Ma
r-1
5
Ju
n-1
5
Se
p-1
5
De
c-1
5
Ma
r-1
6
Ju
n-1
6
Se
p-1
6
De
c-1
6
Ma
r-1
7
Ju
n-1
7
Se
p-1
7
De
c-1
7
Ma
r-1
8
Ju
n-1
8
Se
p-1
8
De
c-1
8
Ma
r-1
9
Ju
n-1
9
Se
p-1
9
Silver
CFTC non-commercial net positioning Price (RHS, USD/t oz.)
1x stdv
-1x stdv
2x stdv
-2x stdv
5 Yr Average
900
1,000
1,100
1,200
1,300
1,400
1,500
1,600
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
Se
p-1
4
De
c-1
4
Ma
r-1
5
Ju
n-1
5
Se
p-1
5
De
c-1
5
Ma
r-16
Ju
n-1
6
Se
p-1
6
De
c-1
6
Ma
r-1
7
Ju
n-1
7
Se
p-1
7
De
c-1
7
Ma
r-1
8
Ju
n-1
8
Se
p-1
8
De
c-1
8
Ma
r-1
9
Ju
n-1
9
Se
p-1
9
Gold
CFTC non-commercial net positioning Price (RHS, USD/t oz.)
1x stdv
-1x stdv
2x stdv
-2x stdv
5 Yr Average
450
650
850
1,050
1,250
1,450
1,650
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Se
p-1
4
De
c-1
4
Ma
r-15
Ju
n-1
5
Se
p-1
5
De
c-1
5
Ma
r-1
6
Ju
n-1
6
Se
p-1
6
De
c-1
6
Ma
r-1
7
Ju
n-1
7
Se
p-1
7
De
c-1
7
Ma
r-1
8
Ju
n-1
8
Se
p-1
8
De
c-1
8
Ma
r-1
9
Ju
n-1
9
Se
p-1
9
Palladium
CFTC non-commercial net positioning Price (RHS, USD/t oz.)
1x stdv
-1x stdv
2x stdv
-2x stdv
5 Yr Average
750
950
1,150
1,350
1,550
1,750
1,950
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Se
p-1
4
De
c-1
4
Ma
r-1
5
Ju
n-1
5
Se
p-1
5
De
c-1
5
Ma
r-1
6
Ju
n-1
6
Se
p-1
6
De
c-1
6
Ma
r-1
7
Ju
n-1
7
Se
p-1
7
De
c-1
7
Ma
r-1
8
Ju
n-1
8
Se
p-1
8
De
c-1
8
Ma
r-19
Ju
n-1
9
Se
p-1
9
Platinum
CFTC non-commercial net positioning Price (RHS, USD/t oz.)
1x stdv
-1x stdv
2x stdv
-2x stdv
5 Yr Average
Agriculture
Source: USDA, Bloomberg,WisdomTree Source: USDA, Bloomberg,WisdomTree
Source: USDA, Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: USDA, Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: USDA, Bloomberg,WisdomTree Source: USDA, Bloomberg, WisdomTree
•
·Source: USDA, Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: USDA, Bloomberg, WisdomTree
9
Inventories
Note: Ending stocks, inventories and stock to use data from the USDA are annual with monthly update of 2017/2018 estimates.
Historical performance is not an indication of future performance and any investments may go down in value.
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
82
/83
84
/85
86
/87
88
/89
90
/91
92
/93
94
/95
96
/97
98
/99
00
/01
02
/03
04
/05
06
/07
08
/09
10/1
1
12/1
3
14/1
5
16/1
7
18/1
9
Corn - Stock to UseAnnual data in %, from 1980 to 2018
% chg in projections vs.
previous = 6.0%
0
50
100
150
200
250
82
/83
84
/85
86
/87
88
/89
90
/91
92
/93
94
/95
96
/97
98
/99
00
/01
02
/03
04
/05
06
/07
08
/09
10
/11
12
/13
14
/15
16
/17
18
/19
Coffee - Stock to UseAnnual data in %, from 1980 to 2018
% chg in projections
vs. previous = 0.0%
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
82
/83
84
/85
86
/87
88
/89
90
/91
92
/93
94
/95
96
/97
98
/99
00
/01
02
/03
04
/05
06
/07
08
/09
10/1
1
12/1
3
14/1
5
16/1
7
18/1
9
Cotton - Stock to UseAnnual data in %, from 1980 to 2018
% chg in projections
vs. previous = 11.7%
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
82
/83
84
/85
86
/87
88
/89
90
/91
92
/93
94
/95
96
/97
98
/99
00
/01
02
/03
04
/05
06
/07
08
/09
10
/11
12
/13
14
/15
16
/17
18
/19
Soybeans - Stock to UseAnnual data in %, from 1980 to 2018
% chg in projections vs. previous = -11.5%
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
82/8
3
84/8
5
86/8
7
88
/89
90
/91
92
/93
94
/95
96
/97
98
/99
00/0
1
02/0
3
04/0
5
06/0
7
08/0
9
10
/11
12
/13
14
/15
16
/17
18
/19
Soybeans - Ending StocksAnnual data in , from 1980 to 2018
chg in projections vs. previous = -13.5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
82
/83
84
/85
86
/87
88
/89
90
/91
92
/93
94
/95
96
/97
98
/99
00
/01
02
/03
04
/05
06
/07
08
/09
10
/11
12
/13
14
/15
16
/17
18
/19
Coffee - Ending StocksAnnual data in mln bags (60 kg), from 1980 to 2018
chg in projections
vs. previous = -2.9
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
82
/83
84
/85
86
/87
88
/89
90
/91
92
/93
94
/95
96
/97
98
/99
00
/01
02
/03
04
/05
06
/07
08
/09
10/1
1
12/1
3
14/1
5
16/1
7
18/1
9
Cotton - Ending StocksAnnual data in mln 480 lb Bales, from 1980 to 2018
chg in projections vs.
previous = 6.5
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
82
/83
84
/85
86
/87
88
/89
90
/91
92
/93
94
/95
96
/97
98
/99
00
/01
02
/03
04
/05
06
/07
08
/09
10/1
1
12/1
3
14/1
5
16/1
7
18/1
9
Corn - Ending StocksAnnual data in mln tons, from 1980 to 2018
chg in projections
vs. previous = 15.8
Source: USDA, Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: USDA, Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: USDA, Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: USDA, Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: USDA, Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: USDA, Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: International Cocoa Organisation, Bloomberg, WisdomTree
10Note: Ending stocks, inventories and stock to use data from the USDA are annual with monthly update of 2018/2019 estimates.
Historical performance is not an indication of future performance and any investments may go down in value.
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
82
/83
84
/85
86
/87
88
/89
90
/91
92
/93
94
/95
96
/97
98
/99
00
/01
02
/03
04
/05
06
/07
08
/09
10
/11
12
/13
14
/15
16
/17
18
/19
Wheat - Stock to UseAnnual data in %, from 1980 to 2018
% chg in projections vs.
previous = -1.8%
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
95
/96
96
/97
97
/98
98
/99
99
/00
00
/01
01
/02
02
/03
03
/04
04
/05
05
/06
06
/07
07
/08
08
/09
09
/10
10
/11
11
/12
12
/13
13
/14
14
/15
15
/16
16
/17
17
/18
18
/19
Sugar - Stock to UseAnnual data in %, from 1998 to 2018
% chg in projections
vs. previous = 0%
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
82
/83
84
/85
86
/87
88
/89
90
/91
92
/93
94
/95
96
/97
98
/99
00
/01
02
/03
04
/05
06
/07
08
/09
10/1
1
12/1
3
14/1
5
16/1
7
18/1
9
Soybean Oil - Stock to UseAnnual data in %, from 1980 to 2018
% chg in projections vs.
previous = 5.1%
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
82/8
3
84/8
5
86/8
7
88/8
9
90/9
1
92/9
3
94/9
5
96/9
7
98/9
9
00/0
1
02/0
3
04/0
5
06/0
7
08/0
9
10/1
1
12/1
3
14/1
5
16/1
7
18/1
9
Wheat - Ending StocksAnnual data in mln tons, from 1980 to 2018
chg in projections vs.
previous = -7.8
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
82/8
3
84
/85
86
/87
88
/89
90
/91
92/9
3
94/9
5
96/9
7
98/9
9
00
/01
02
/03
04
/05
06
/07
08
/09
10/1
1
12/1
3
14/1
5
16/1
7
18
/19
Sugar - Ending StocksAnnual data in mln Metric Tons, from 1980 to 2018
chg in projections vs.
previous = -11.3
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
82
/83
84
/85
86
/87
88
/89
90
/91
92
/93
94
/95
96
/97
98
/99
00
/01
02
/03
04
/05
06
/07
08
/09
10/1
1
12/1
3
14/1
5
16/1
7
18/1
9
Soybean Oil - Ending StocksAnnual data in mln Metric Tons, from 1980 to 2018
chg in projections vs.
previous = 0.2
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
2,000
19
82
19
84
19
86
19
88
19
90
19
92
19
94
19
96
19
98
20
00
20
02
20
04
20
06
20
08
20
10
20
12
20
14
20
16
20
18
Cocoa - InventoryAnnual data in '000 metric tons, from 1981 to 2018
Industrial Metals
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: LME, Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: LME, Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Livestock
Source: USDA, Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: USDA, Bloomberg, WisdomTree
11Note: Ending stocks, inventories and stock to use data from the USDA are annual with monthly update of 2018/2019 estimates.
Historical performance is not an indication of future performance and any investments may go down in value.
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Se
p-1
8
Oc
t-18
No
v-1
8
De
c-1
8
Ja
n-1
9
Fe
b-1
9
Ma
r-1
9
Ap
r-1
9
Ma
y-1
9
Ju
n-1
9
Ju
l-1
9
Au
g-1
9
Se
p-1
9
Tin Inventory
LME Inventory (in '000 tonnes) SHFE Inventory (in '000 tonnes)
Daily data in '000 MT, from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 1
8
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Ja
n 1
9
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Ju
n 1
9
Ju
l 19
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Lead Inventory
SHFE Inventory (in '000 tonnes) LME Inventory (in '000 tonnes)
Daily data, from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
0
50
100
150
200
250
Se
p-1
8
Oc
t-18
No
v-1
8
De
c-1
8
Ja
n-1
9
Fe
b-1
9
Ma
r-19
Ap
r-19
Ma
y-1
9
Ju
n-1
9
Ju
l-19
Au
g-1
9
Se
p-1
9
Nickel InventoryDaily data in '000 MT, from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
40
90
140
190
240
290
Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 18
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Ja
n 1
9
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Ju
n 1
9
Ju
l 19
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Zinc Inventory
SHFE Inventory (in '000 tonnes) LME Inventory (in '000 tonnes)
Daily data, from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 1
8
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Jan
19
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Jun
19
Jul 19
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Aluminum Inventory
SHFE Inventory (in '000 tonnes) LME Inventory (in '000 tonnes)
Daily data, from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
80
130
180
230
280
330
380
430
480
530
580
Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 1
8
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Jan
19
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Jun
19
Jul 1
9
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Copper Inventory
SHFE Inventory (in '000 tonnes) COMEX Inventory (in '000 tonnes)
LME Inventory (in '000 tonnes)
Daily data, from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
640
660
680
700
720
740
760
780
800
820
840
82
/83
84
/85
86
/87
88
/89
90
/91
92
/93
94
/95
96
/97
98
/99
00
/01
02
/03
04
/05
06
/07
08
/09
10
/11
12
/13
14
/15
16
/17
18
/19
Lean Hogs InventoryAnnual data in mln Heads, from 1980 to 2018
900
950
1,000
1,050
1,100
1,150
82
/83
84
/85
86
/87
88
/89
90
/91
92
/93
94
/95
96
/97
98
/99
00
/01
02
/03
04
/05
06
/07
08
/09
10
/11
12
/13
14
/15
16
/17
18
/19
Live Cattle InventoryAnnual data in mln Heads, from 1980 to 2018
Energy
Source: DOE, Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: IEA, Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: DOE, Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: DOE, Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: DOE, Bloomberg, WisdomTree
12Note: "Oil - OECD Inventory" represents OECD industry stocks and is reported with a 2 month lag.
Historical performance is not an indication of future performance and any investments may go down in value.
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51
US Oil Inventory
5Yr Average +/-1 stdev 2018 2019
Weekly data in mln barrels, from Sep 14 to Sep 19
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51
Gasoline Inventory
5Yr Average +/-1 stdev 2018 2019
Weekly data in mln barrels, from Sep 14 to Sep 19
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
1 3 5 7 9 111315171921232527293133353739414345474951
Natural Gas Inventory
5Yr Average +/-1 stdev 2018 2019
Weekly data in billion cubic feet, from Sep 14 to Sep 19
6
11
16
21
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51
Heating Oil Inventory
5Yr Average +/-1 stdev 2018 2019
Weekly data in mln barrels, from Sep 14 to Sep 19
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
350
360
370
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
OECD Europe Oil Industry Inventory
5Yr Average +/-1 stdev 2018 2019
Monthly data in mln barrels, from Jun 14 to Jun 19
Agriculture
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
·
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
13
Commodities Front Month Futures and
Trading Volumes
Note: all commodity futures trading volume and price data is denominated in USD unless otherwise indicated.
Historical performance is not an indication of future performance and any investments may go down in value.
$1,600
$1,800
$2,000
$2,200
$2,400
$2,600
$2,800
$3,000
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 1
8
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Jan
19
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Jun
19
Jul 1
9
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Cocoa Front Month Futures Price
Volume ($mn) Prices (RHS) 50 dma (RHS) 200 dma (RHS)
Daily data in USD/MT, from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
$3.2
$3.4
$3.6
$3.8
$4.0
$4.2
$4.4
$4.6
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 1
8
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Jan
19
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Jun
19
Jul 1
9
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Corn Front Month Futures Price
Volume ($mn) Prices (RHS) 50 dma (RHS) 200 dma (RHS)
Daily data in USd/bu., from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
$0.20
$0.22
$0.24
$0.26
$0.28
$0.30
$0.32
-500
500
1,500
2,500
3,500
4,500
5,500
Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 1
8
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Jan
19
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Ju
n 1
9
Jul 19
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Soybean Oil Front Month Futures Price
Volume ($mn) Prices (RHS) 50 dma (RHS) 200 dma (RHS)
Daily data in USd/lb., from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
$0.05
$0.06
$0.07
$0.08
$0.09
$0.10
$0.11
$0.12
$0.13
$0.14
$0.15
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 1
8
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Ja
n 1
9
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Ju
n 1
9
Ju
l 19
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Sugar Front Month Futures Price
Volume ($mn) Prices (RHS) 50 dma (RHS) 200 dma (RHS)
Daily data in USd/lb., from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
$0.7
$0.8
$0.9
$1.0
$1.1
$1.2
$1.3
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 1
8
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Jan
19
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Jun
19
Jul 1
9
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Coffee Front Month Futures Price
Volume ($mn) Prices (RHS) 50 dma (RHS) 200 dma (RHS)
Daily data in USd/lb., from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
$0.50
$0.55
$0.60
$0.65
$0.70
$0.75
$0.80
$0.85
$0.90
-150
350
850
1,350
1,850
2,350
2,850
3,350
Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 1
8
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Jan
19
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Jun
19
Ju
l 19
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Cotton Front Month Futures Price
Volume ($mn) Prices (RHS) 50 dma (RHS) 200 dma (RHS)
Daily data in USd/lb., from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
$7.0
$7.5
$8.0
$8.5
$9.0
$9.5
$10.0
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 1
8
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Jan
19
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Jun
19
Ju
l 19
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Soybeans Front Month Futures Price
Volume ($mn) Prices (RHS) 50 dma (RHS) 200 dma (RHS)
Daily data in USd/bu., from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
$3.5
$4.0
$4.5
$5.0
$5.5
$6.0
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
10,000
Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 1
8
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Jan
19
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Jun
19
Jul 1
9
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Wheat Front Month Futures Price
Volume ($mn) Prices (RHS) 50 dma (RHS) 200 dma (RHS)
Daily data in USd/bu., from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
Energy
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Carbon
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
14Note: all commodity futures trading volume and price data is denominated in USD unless otherwise indicated.
Historical performance is not an indication of future performance and any investments may go down in value.
$40
$45
$50
$55
$60
$65
$70
$75
$80
$85
$90
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
$120,000
Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 1
8
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Jan
19
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Jun
19
Jul 19
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Brent Oil Front Month Futures Price
Volume ($mn) Prices (RHS) 50 dma (RHS) 200 dma (RHS)
Daily data in USD/bbl., from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
$1.9
$2.4
$2.9
$3.4
$3.9
$4.4
$4.9
$5.4
$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
$40,000
$50,000
$60,000
$70,000
$80,000
$90,000
Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 1
8
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Ja
n 1
9
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Ju
n 1
9
Ju
l 19
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Natural Gas Front Month Futures Price
Volume ($mn) Prices (RHS) 50 dma (RHS) 200 dma (RHS)
Daily data in USD/MMBtu, from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
$1.3
$1.5
$1.7
$1.9
$2.1
$2.3
$2.5
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 1
8
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Ja
n 1
9
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Ju
n 1
9
Jul 19
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Heating Oil Front Month Futures Price
Volume ($mn) Prices (RHS) 50 dma (RHS) 200 dma (RHS)
Daily data in USd/gal., from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
3.4 €
8.4 €
13.4 €
18.4 €
23.4 €
28.4 €
€0
€200
€400
€600
€800
€1,000
€1,200
€1,400
€1,600
Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 1
8
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Jan
19
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Jun
19
Jul 19
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Carbon Front Month Futures Price
Volume ($mn) Prices (RHS) 50 dma (RHS) 200 dma (RHS)
Daily data in EUR/MT, from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
$40
$45
$50
$55
$60
$65
$70
$75
$80
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
$120,000
$140,000
Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 1
8
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Ja
n 1
9
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Ju
n 1
9
Jul 1
9
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
WTI Oil Front Month Futures Price
Volume ($mn) Prices (RHS) 50 dma (RHS) 200 dma (RHS)
Daily data in USD/bbl., from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
$1.2
$1.3
$1.4
$1.5
$1.6
$1.7
$1.8
$1.9
$2.0
$2.1
$2.2
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
$35,000Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 1
8
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Jan
19
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Jun
19
Jul 19
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Gasoline Front Month Futures Price
Volume ($mn) Prices (RHS) 50 dma (RHS) 200 dma (RHS)
Daily data in USd/gal., from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
Industrial Metals
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
15Note: all commodity futures trading volume and price data is denominated in USD unless otherwise indicated.
Historical performance is not an indication of future performance and any investments may go down in value.
$1,500
$1,600
$1,700
$1,800
$1,900
$2,000
$2,100
$2,200
$2,300
-$4,000
$1,000
$6,000
$11,000
$16,000
$21,000
$26,000
Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 1
8
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Ja
n 1
9
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Ju
n 1
9
Ju
l 19
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Aluminum Front Month Futures Price
Volume ($mn) Prices (RHS) 50 dma (RHS) 200 dma (RHS)
Daily data in USD/MT, from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
$1,900
$2,100
$2,300
$2,500
$2,700
$2,900
$3,100
$3,300
$0
$2,000
$4,000
$6,000
$8,000
$10,000
$12,000
$14,000
$16,000
$18,000
$20,000
Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 1
8
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Jan
19
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Jun
19
Jul 1
9
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Zinc Front Month Futures Price
Volume ($mn) Prices (RHS) 50 dma (RHS) 200 dma (RHS)
Daily data in USD/MT, from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
$8,000
$10,000
$12,000
$14,000
$16,000
$18,000
$20,000
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 1
8
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Ja
n 1
9
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Ju
n 1
9
Jul 19
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Nickel Front Month Futures Price
Volume ($mn) Prices (RHS) 50 dma (RHS) 200 dma (RHS)
Daily data in USD/MT, from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
$1.8
$2.0
$2.2
$2.4
$2.6
$2.8
$3.0
$3.2
$0
$2,000
$4,000
$6,000
$8,000
$10,000
$12,000
$14,000
$16,000
$18,000
Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 18
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Jan
19
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 1
9
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Jun
19
Jul 1
9
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Copper (COMEX) Front Month Futures Price
Volume ($mn) Prices (RHS) 50 dma (RHS) 200 dma (RHS)
Daily data in USd/lb., from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
$15,000
$16,000
$17,000
$18,000
$19,000
$20,000
$21,000
$22,000
$23,000
$0
$100
$200
$300
$400
$500
$600
$700
$800
Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 1
8
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Jan
19
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Jun
19
Jul 19
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Tin Front Month Futures Price
Volume ($mn) Prices (RHS) 50 dma (RHS) 200 dma (RHS)
Daily data in USD/MT, from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
$1,700
$1,800
$1,900
$2,000
$2,100
$2,200
$2,300
$2,400
$2,500
$0
$1,000
$2,000
$3,000
$4,000
$5,000
$6,000
Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 1
8
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Jan
19
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Jun
19
Ju
l 19
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Lead Front Month Futures Price
Volume ($mn) Prices (RHS) 50 dma (RHS) 200 dma (RHS)
Daily data in USD/MT, from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
$4,200
$4,700
$5,200
$5,700
$6,200
$6,700
$7,200
$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
$40,000
$50,000
$60,000Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 1
8
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Jan
19
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Jun
19
Jul 1
9
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Copper (LME) Front Month Futures Price
Volume ($mn) 200 dma (RHS) 50 dma (RHS) Prices (RHS)
Daily data in USD/MT, from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
Precious Metals
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Livestock
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
16Note: all commodity futures trading volume and price data is denominated in USD unless otherwise indicated.
Historical performance is not an indication of future performance and any investments may go down in value.
$1.10
$1.20
$1.30
$1.40
$1.50
$1.60
$1.70
$0
$500
$1,000
$1,500
$2,000
$2,500
$3,000
Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 1
8
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Ja
n 1
9
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Ju
n 1
9
Ju
l 19
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Feeder Cattle Front Month Futures Price
Volume ($mn) Prices (RHS) 50 dma (RHS) 200 dma (RHS)
Daily data in USd/lb., from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
$0.32
$0.42
$0.52
$0.62
$0.72
$0.82
$0.92
$1.02
$200
$700
$1,200
$1,700
$2,200
$2,700
$3,200
$3,700
$4,200
$4,700
Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 1
8
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Ja
n 1
9
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Ju
n 1
9
Ju
l 19
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Lean Hogs Front Month Futures Price
Volume ($mn) Prices (RHS) 50 dma (RHS) 200 dma (RHS)
Daily data in USd/lb., from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
$750
$800
$850
$900
$950
$1,000
$0
$500
$1,000
$1,500
$2,000
$2,500
Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 1
8
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Ja
n 1
9
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Ju
n 1
9
Ju
l 19
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Platinum Front Month Futures Price
Volume ($mn) Prices (RHS) 50 dma (RHS) 200 dma (RHS)
Daily data in USD/t oz., from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
$1,100
$1,150
$1,200
$1,250
$1,300
$1,350
$1,400
$1,450
$1,500
$1,550
$1,600
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
$120,000
Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 1
8
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Jan
19
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Jun
19
Jul 1
9
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Gold Front Month Futures Price
Volume ($mn) Prices (RHS) 50 dma (RHS) 200 dma (RHS)
Daily data in USD/t oz., from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
$0.90
$0.95
$1.00
$1.05
$1.10
$1.15
$1.20
$1.25
$1.30
$1.35
$1.40
$0
$1,000
$2,000
$3,000
$4,000
$5,000
$6,000
$7,000
$8,000
Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 1
8
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Ja
n 1
9
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Ju
n 1
9
Ju
l 19
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Live Cattle Front Month Futures Price
Volume ($mn) Prices (RHS) 50 dma (RHS) 200 dma (RHS)
Daily data in USd/lb., from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
$500
$700
$900
$1,100
$1,300
$1,500
$1,700
$0
$500
$1,000
$1,500
$2,000
$2,500
Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 1
8
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Jan
19
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Jun
19
Ju
l 19
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Palladium Front Month Futures Price
Volume ($mn) Prices (RHS) 50 dma (RHS) 200 dma (RHS)
Daily data in USD/t oz., from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
$13
$14
$15
$16
$17
$18
$19
$20
$0
$2,000
$4,000
$6,000
$8,000
$10,000
$12,000
$14,000
$16,000
$18,000
$20,000
Se
p 1
8
Oc
t 1
8
No
v 1
8
De
c 1
8
Ja
n 1
9
Fe
b 1
9
Ma
r 19
Ap
r 19
Ma
y 1
9
Ju
n 1
9
Ju
l 19
Au
g 1
9
Se
p 1
9
Silver Front Month Futures Price
Volume ($mn) Prices (RHS) 50 dma (RHS) 200 dma (RHS)
Daily data in USD/t oz., from 13 Sep 18 to 13 Sep 19
Agriculture
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
·Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
17
Futures Curves
Note: all commodity futures price data is denominated in USD unless otherwise indicated.
Historical performance is not an indication of future performance and any investments may go down in value.
$2,050
$2,150
$2,250
$2,350
$2,450
$2,550
$2,650
M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10Maturity (Month)
Cocoa Futures
13 Sep 19 06 Sep 19 13 Aug 19 13 Jun 19
USD/MT
$0.80
$0.90
$1.00
$1.10
$1.20
$1.30
$1.40
$1.50
M1
M2
M3
M4
M5
M6
M7
M8
M9
M10
M11
M12
M13
M14
M15
Maturity (Month)
Coffee Futures
13 Sep 19 06 Sep 19 13 Aug 19 13 Jun 19
USd/lb.
$3.3
$3.5
$3.7
$3.9
$4.1
$4.3
$4.5
$4.7
$4.9
M1
M2
M3
M4
M5
M6
M7
M8
M9
M10
M11
M12
M13
M14
M15
Maturity (Month)
Corn Futures
13 Sep 19 06 Sep 19 13 Aug 19 13 Jun 19
USd/bu.
$0.54
$0.56
$0.58
$0.60
$0.62
$0.64
$0.66
$0.68
$0.70
M1
M2
M3
M4
M5
M6
M7
M8
M9
M10
M11
M12
M13
M14
M15
Maturity (Month)
Cotton Futures
13 Sep 19 06 Sep 19 13 Aug 19 13 Jun 19
USd/lb.
$0.270
$0.280
$0.290
$0.300
$0.310
$0.320
$0.330
M1
M2
M3
M4
M5
M6
M7
M8
M9
M10
M11
M12
M13
M14
Maturity (Month)
Soybean Oil Futures
13 Sep 19 06 Sep 19 13 Aug 19 13 Jun 19
USd/lb.
$8.3
$8.8
$9.3
$9.8
$10.3
M1
M2
M3
M4
M5
M6
M7
M8
M9
M10
M11
M12
M13
M14
M15
M16
M17
M18
M19
M20
M21
Maturity (Month)
Soybeans Futures
13 Sep 19 06 Sep 19 13 Aug 19 13 Jun 19
USd/bu.
$0.080
$0.090
$0.100
$0.110
$0.120
$0.130
$0.140
$0.150
$0.160
M1
M2
M3
M4
M5
M6
M7
M8
M9
M10
M11
M12
Maturity (Month)
Sugar Futures
13 Sep 19 06 Sep 19 13 Aug 19 13 Jun 19
USd/lb.
$4.0
$4.5
$5.0
$5.5
$6.0
M1
M2
M3
M4
M5
M6
M7
M8
M9
M10
M11
M12
M13
Maturity (Month)
Wheat Futures
13 Sep 19 06 Sep 19 13 Aug 19 13 Jun 19
USd/bu.
Energy
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Carbon
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
18Note: all commodity futures price data is denominated in USD unless otherwise indicated.
Historical performance is not an indication of future performance and any investments may go down in value.
$54
$55
$56
$57
$58
$59
$60
$61
$62
M1
M3
M5
M7
M9
M11
M13
M15
M17
M19
M21
M23
M25
M27
M29
M31
M33
M35
Maturity (Month)
Brent Oil Futures
13 Sep 19 06 Sep 19 13 Aug 19 13 Jun 19
USD/bbl.
$45
$50
$55
$60
$65
$70
M1
M3
M5
M7
M9
M11
M13
M15
M17
M19
M21
M23
M25
M27
M29
M31
M33
M35
Maturity (Month)
WTI Oil Futures
13 Sep 19 06 Sep 19 13 Aug 19 13 Jun 19
USD/bbl.
$1.9
$2.1
$2.3
$2.5
$2.7
$2.9
$3.1
M1
M3
M5
M7
M9
M11
M13
M15
M17
M19
M21
M23
M25
M27
M29
M31
M33
M35
Maturity (Month)
Natural Gas Futures
13 Sep 19 06 Sep 19 13 Aug 19 13 Jun 19
USD/MMBtu
$1.30
$1.35
$1.40
$1.45
$1.50
$1.55
$1.60
$1.65
$1.70
$1.75
$1.80
M1
M3
M5
M7
M9
M1
1
M13
M15
M17
M19
M21
M23
M25
M27
M29
M31
M3
3
M3
5
Maturity (Month)
Gasoline Futures
13 Sep 19 06 Sep 19 13 Aug 19 13 Jun 19
USd/gal.
$1.70
$1.75
$1.80
$1.85
$1.90
$1.95
M1
M3
M5
M7
M9
M11
M13
M15
M17
M19
M21
M23
M25
M27
M29
M31
M33
M35
Maturity (Month)
Heating Oil Futures
13 Sep 19 06 Sep 19 13 Aug 19 13 Jun 19
USd/gal.
17.0 €
19.0 €
21.0 €
23.0 €
25.0 €
27.0 €
29.0 €
31.0 €
33.0 €
M1
M2
M3
M4
M5
M6
M7
M8
M9
M10
M11
M12
M13
M14
M15
M16
M17
M18
M19
M20
M21
M22
M23
Maturity (Month)
Carbon Futures
13 Sep 19 06 Sep 19 13 Aug 19 13 Jun 19
EUR/MT
Industrial Metals
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
19Note: all commodity futures price data is denominated in USD unless otherwise indicated.
Historical performance is not an indication of future performance and any investments may go down in value.
$1,660
$1,760
$1,860
$1,960
$2,060
$2,160
M1
M3
M5
M7
M9
M11
M13
M15
M17
M19
M21
M23
M25
M27
M29
M31
M33
M35
Maturity (Month)
Aluminum Futures
13 Sep 19 06 Sep 19 13 Aug 19 13 Jun 19
USD/MT
$1,600
$1,700
$1,800
$1,900
$2,000
$2,100
$2,200
M1
M3
M5
M7
M9
M11
M13
M15
M17
M19
M21
M23
M25
M27
M29
M31
M33
M35
Maturity (Month)
Lead Futures
13 Sep 19 06 Sep 19 13 Aug 19 13 Jun 19
USD/MT
$2.55
$2.60
$2.65
$2.70
$2.75
$2.80
M1
M2
M3
M4
M5
M6
M7
M8
M9
M1
0
M11
M12
M13
M14
M15
M16
M17
M18
M19
M20
M21
M22
M23
M24
M25
Maturity (Month)
Copper (COMEX) Futures
13 Sep 19 06 Sep 19 13 Aug 19 13 Jun 19
USd/lb.
$5,400
$5,500
$5,600
$5,700
$5,800
$5,900
$6,000
$6,100
$6,200
$6,300
$6,400M
1
M3
M5
M7
M9
M11
M13
M15
M17
M19
M21
M23
M25
M27
M29
M31
M33
M35
Maturity (Month)
Copper (LME) Futures
13 Sep 19 06 Sep 19 13 Aug 19 13 Jun 19
USD/MT
$15,500
$16,500
$17,500
$18,500
$19,500
$20,500
M1
M2
M3
M4
M5
M6
M7
M8
M9
M10
M11
M12
M13
M14
M15
Maturity (Month)
Tin Futures
13 Sep 19 06 Sep 19 13 Aug 19 13 Jun 19
USD/MT
$11,400$11,800$12,200$12,600$13,000$13,400$13,800$14,200$14,600$15,000$15,400$15,800$16,200$16,600$17,000$17,400$17,800$18,200$18,600$19,000
M1
M3
M5
M7
M9
M11
M13
M15
M17
M19
M21
M23
M25
M27
M29
M31
M33
M35
Maturity (Month)
Nickel Futures
13 Sep 19 06 Sep 19 13 Aug 19 13 Jun 19
USD/MT
$2,100
$2,200
$2,300
$2,400
$2,500
$2,600
$2,700
$2,800
$2,900
$3,000
M1
M3
M5
M7
M9
M11
M13
M15
M17
M19
M21
M23
M25
M27
M29
M31
M33
M35
Maturity (Month)
Zinc Futures
13 Sep 19 06 Sep 19 13 Aug 19 13 Jun 19
USD/MT
Precious Metals
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Livestock
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree
20Note: all commodity futures price data is denominated in USD unless otherwise indicated.
Historical performance is not an indication of future performance and any investments may go down in value.
$14.0
$15.0
$16.0
$17.0
$18.0
$19.0
$20.0
M1
M2
M3
M4
M5
M6
M7
M8
M9
M10
M11
M12
M13
M14
M15
M16
Maturity (Month)
Silver Futures
13 Sep 19 06 Sep 19 13 Aug 19 13 Jun 19
USD/t oz.
$1,180
$1,230
$1,280
$1,330
$1,380
$1,430
$1,480
$1,530
$1,580
$1,630
M1
M2
M3
M4
M5
M6
M7
M8
M9
M10
M11
M12
M13
M14
M15
M16
M17
M18
M19
M20
Maturity (Month)
Gold Futures
13 Sep 19 06 Sep 19 13 Aug 19 13 Jun 19
USD/t oz.
$760
$810
$860
$910
$960
$1,010
M1 M2 M3 M4 M5Maturity (Month)
Platinum Futures
13 Sep 19 06 Sep 19 13 Aug 19 13 Jun 19
USD/t oz.
$1,100
$1,200
$1,300
$1,400
$1,500
$1,600
$1,700
M1 M2 M3 M4 M5Maturity (Month)
Palladium Futures
13 Sep 19 06 Sep 19 13 Aug 19 13 Jun 19
USD/t oz.
$0.40
$0.50
$0.60
$0.70
$0.80
$0.90
$1.00
M1
M2
M3
M4
M5
M6
M7
M8
M9
M10
M11
M12
Maturity (Month)
Lean Hogs Futures
13 Sep 19 06 Sep 19 13 Aug 19 13 Jun 19
USd/lb.
$0.90
$0.95
$1.00
$1.05
$1.10
$1.15
$1.20
M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8Maturity (Month)
Live Cattle Futures
13 Sep 19 06 Sep 19 13 Aug 19 13 Jun 19
USd/lb.
$1.24
$1.26
$1.28
$1.30
$1.32
$1.34
$1.36
$1.38
M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8Maturity (Month)
Feeder Cattle Futures
13 Sep 19 06 Sep 19 13 Aug 19 13 Jun 19
USd/lb.
C
Commodity Monthly Matrix Explained
CALENDAR
WisdomTree - Recent Blogs
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21-Aug-19 Nitesh Shah Gold could rise to over US$1800/oz if geopolitical risks remain elevated
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03-Jul-19 Aneeka Gupta Platinum's turn to shine in 2019
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WisdomTree - Past Issues of Commodity Monthly Monitor
Jul - Aug 2019 Research Team Trump and Xi's Midas touch
Jun - Jul 2019 Research Team Pre-committed Fed drives a rally across cyclicals & defensives
May - Jun 2019 Research Team All Eyes on the G-20 Summit
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Mar - Apr 2019 Research Team Commodities hanging on the balance of a trade deal
The research notes are for qualified investors only.
Key Reports
Current Next release
12-Aug-19 12-Sep-19 USDA World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates
06-Aug-19 10-Sep-19 EIA Short-Term Energy Outlook
16-Aug-19 11-Sep-19 OPEC OPEC Oil Market Report
09-Aug-19 12-Sep-19 IEA IEA Oil Market Report
DISCLAIMER
Important Information
Communications issued in the European Economic Area (“EEA”): This document has been issued and approved by WisdomTree Ireland Limited, which is authorised and regulated by the Central Bank of Ireland.
Communications issued in jurisdictions outside of the EEA: This document has been issued and approved by WisdomTree UK Limited, which is authorised and regulated by the United Kingdom Financial Conduct Authority.
WisdomTree Ireland Limited and WisdomTree UK Limited are each referred to as “WisdomTree” (as applicable). Our Conflicts of Interest Policy and Inventory are available on request.
For professional clients only. The information contained in this document is for your general information only and is neither an offer for sale nor a solicitation of an offer to buy securities or shares. This document should not
be used as the basis for any investment decision. Investments may go up or down in value and you may lose some or all of the amount invested. Past performance is not necessarily a guide to future performance. Any
decision to invest should be based on the information contained in the appropriate prospectus and after seeking independent investment, tax and legal advice.
This document is not, and under no circumstances is to be construed as, an advertisement or any other step in furtherance of a public offering of shares or securities in the United States or any province or territory thereof.
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This document may contain independent market commentary prepared by WisdomTree based on publicly available information. Although WisdomTree endeavours to ensure the accuracy of the content in this
document, WisdomTree does not warrant or guarantee its accuracy or correctness. Any third party data providers used to source the information in this document make no warranties or representation of any kind relating
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or employees accepts any liability whatsoever for any direct or consequential loss arising from any use of this document or its contents.
This document may contain forward looking statements including statements regarding current expectations or beliefs with regards to the performance of certain assets classes and/or sectors. Forward looking statements
are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions. There can be no assurance that such statements will be accurate and actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements.
WisdomTree strongly recommends that you do not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements.
Any historical performance included in this document may be based on back testing. Back testing is the process of evaluating an investment strategy by applying it to historical data to simulate what the performance of
such strategy would have been. However, back tested performance is purely hypothetical and is provided in this document solely for informational purposes. Back tested data does not represent actual performance and
should not be interpreted as an indication of actual or future performance.
Score based on unweighted sum of four fundamental/technical measures detailed below with each measure awarded a possible score of -1, 0, or 1
depending on whether variable is viewed as fundamentally negative, neutral or positive. Score ranging from -4 to +4. For commodities where data is not
available or not relevant, scores are calculated on remaining variables and adjusted to the -4 to +4 scale. The score matrix is designed to highlight
significant changes in key variables but should not be viewed as predictor of performance.
The four fundamental/technical measures are as follow:
- price vs. 200 days moving average: 1 when price is above 200dma and return is positive, -1 when price is below 200dma and return is negative, 0
otherwise
- % change in net positioning over the past month: 1 when % change is positive, -1 when % change is negative, 0 when no change
- % change in inventory level over the past 3 months: 1 when % is negative, -1 when % is positive, 0 when no change
- roll yield between the front and second month futures contracts: 1 when in backwardation, -1 when in contango, 0 when no change
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