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7/27/2019 Commercial Herbs
1/2
Commercial Herbs of Significance:
A Guide for Clinicians
otan ca ame Common Namesotent a cacy
and Level of Evidence (1)Potential Adverse Effects
otent a erapeut cInteractions
Allium sativum (2) Garlic, ajo, poor mans treacle,stinking rose
Arteriosclerosis*; Bacterial infection;Hyperlipidemia*** +/-; Hypertension +/-;Viral infection
Dyspepsia, nausea; Bleeding; Burns Anti-thrombotic agents
Aloe spp. (20) Aloe, Barbados aloe, cape aloe Burns; Constipation; Dermatitis; Diabetes**;oun ea ng
Allergic reaction; Intestinal obstruction;ectro yte ep et on
None noted
Angelica sinensis (22) Dong quai, Chinese angelica Climacteric symptoms; Dysmenorrhea;
remenstrua syn rome
Photosensitization Anti-thrombotic agents
Camellia sinensis (17) Green tea, black tea, chai,nese tea,
t verde, tetohuxtl
Alertness***; Cancer prevention**; Dentalar es ; epress o n ; a etes; at gue ;
Hypercholesterol
Allergic reaction; Anxiety; Gastritis;nsomn a; ac ycar a
Aspirin, acetaminophen; Anti-anx ety agents; e at ves;Vasoconstrictors
aps cum spp. epper, c e pepper, cayenne,tobasco, paprika, red pepper
rt r t s; erpes zoster nges ; uscestrain; Neuralgia*; Pain; Post-herpeticneuralgia
erg c react ons; urnng, tc ng;Gastrointestinal discomfort; Sweating,flushing, lacrimation, rhinorrhea
one note
Cimicifuga racemosa(9)
Black cohosh, baneberry, blacksnake root, bugbane, bugwort,ratt e root, ratt ewoo , squawroot
Climacteric symptoms***; Dysmenorrhea;Premenstrual syndrome
Abortion (large doses); Dyspepsia,nausea;ox c ty arge oses
Anti-hypertensive agents
Citrus aurantiumot ste
Bitter orange, sour orange, bitterorange pee, ev e orange,Qiao, Zhi Shi
Anorexia; Fatigue, mental or physical; Obesity;en a n ect ons; se e ep e ra n many
herbal products.
Anorexia; Anxiety; Dizziness;ypertenson; rrta ty; nsomn a;
Palpitations; Tachycardia
Amphetamines; Anti-hypertenagents; a e ne; a etc ageMAO Inhibitors; Theophylline,Yohimbine
Crataegus monogyna
(23)
Hawthorn, English hawthorn,
haw, hawthorn tops, may,may us , may aw, onesee ,w tet orn er
Anti-arrhythmic; Congestive heart failure*** Agitation; Circulatory disturbances;
Dizziness; Dyspepsia, nausea;ea ac e; nsomn a; a p tat ons
Cardiovascular agents; Corona
vasodilators; Digoxin; CNSepressants
c nacea spp. c nacea, ansas sna eroot.purp e cone ower, sna eroot
ancer a uvant; mmuno-st muaton ;n ect ons + -; pper respratoryinfection*** +/-; Wound healing
erg c react on; yspeps a, nausea;um ness o mout an tongue
tero s; mmuno-suppress vagen s
Ephedra spp.(Not listed)
Ephedra, Brigham tea, herbalecstacy,joint fir, ma-huang, Mormon tea
Allergies; Asthma**; Bradycardia*;Bronchitis; Edema; Fatigue, mental orphysical*; Nasal congestion; Obesity*
Anorexia; Anxiety; Dizziness;Headache;
ypertenson; rrta ty; nsomn a;ausea; ap tat ons; syc oss;
Tachycardia
Amphetamines; Caffeine;Diabetic agents; MAO Inhibito
eop y ne, o m ne
ng o o a ng o, ew tree, ma en a r tree ement a + -; nterm ttent c a u cat on+/-; Memory loss*; Raynauds disease;Tinnitis*; Vertigo**
erg c react on; ee ng; yspeps a,nausea
nt-t rom otc agents
Glycine spp. (4) Soy, soya, soybean, soybeancurd, lecithin, tofu
Cancer prevention; Climacteric symptoms;Hypercholesterolemia
Allergic reaction None noted
Glycyrrhiza glabra(33)
Licorice, Chinese licorice, Persianlicorice, Russian licorice, Spanishcor ce, sweet root
Cough; Gastritis; Peptic or duodenal ulcer**;Seborrhea; Stomatitis
Edema (high doses); Hypertension(high doses); Pseudoaldosteronism (inc ronc g oses
Digoxin; Diuretics
Hypericum perforatum St. Johns wort, amber,goatwee , amat wee
Anxiety*; Bacterial infection; Depression***;ra n ect on; oun ea ng
yspeps a, nausea; at gue;otosens t v ty; est essness
nt - epressants; ar turatea c um anne oc ers;
Cyclosporin; Cytochrome P45metabolized agents; Hormonencu ng contraceptves;
otosens t z ng agents;Sedatives; Theophyllin
num us stat ss mum(Not listed)
ax, nasa, nsee , nt e s onst pat on; ermat t s;Hypercholesterolemia**
erg c react on; yspeps a, nausea;Intestinal obstruction (large doses)
axatves; may e ay a sorptof oral agents
Matricaria recutita(Sold as Tea)
Chamomile, German chamomile,ungar an c amom e, true
c amom e, w c amom e,manzanilla Chamomilla recutita,Matricaria chamomilla
Dermatitis; Inflammatory bowel disease;nsomn a;ntest na spasm co c ; aryng t s;Stomatitis;Upper respiratory infection
Allergic reaction None noted
Melaleuca alternifolia(Not listed)
Tea tree oil, Australian tea tree o il Bacterial, fungal infections; Onchomycosis;Tenia pedis**; Upper respiratory infection
n a e vapors ; ag n t s ; oun ea ngou not e ta en nterna y
CNS Depression (internal use);Dermatitis (topical); Dyspepsia, nausea
ou not e ta en nterna y
None noted
ent a p perata(Sold as Tea)
epperm nt, ran y m nt, ammint
ary sor ers; ronc t s; oug ;Dyspepsia**; Intestinal spasm**; Irritablebowel syndrome**; Headache **
ronc ospasm; yspeps a, re ux stamne oc ers an rotonpump inhibitors; Anti-acids
RIZONA
HET UNIVERSITY OF
C MOLLEGE OF EDICINE
Key: Number n parentheses after Botan cal name s rank/order based on dollars sold n the Un ted States, 2002. Herbs sold pr mar ly as supplements or teas are not ncluded n th s rank ng. (1) Level of Ev dence: [No stars] folk use, theoret caanecdotal, case reports; [**] an mal studes, few human studes;[***] random zed human tr als [+/-] confl ct ng stud es. Comp led by Lane P. Johnson, MD, MPH, D rector, Drug/Herb Core, Ar zona Center for Educaton and Research n TherapeTucson, Arizona, 2005. Further information can be found at the AZCERT Website: http://www.arizonacert.org/, or in Pocket Guide to Herbal Remedies, Blackwell Science, 2002. This table is provided for informational purposes only and is not
designed to be used for the treatment of diseases or conditions. 2005 Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of The University of Arizona.
7/27/2019 Commercial Herbs
2/2
Commercial Herbs of Significance:
A Guide for Clinicians
Botanical Name Common NamesPotential Efficacy
an eve o v encePotential Adverse Effects
Potential Therapeuticnteract ons
Oenothera spp. (12) Evening primrose, flor-de-Santata,
King-cure-all
Arthritis**; Attention deficit disorder +/-;czema ; yper p ema; asta g a ;
Multiple sclerosis +/-;Premenstrual syndrome***
Dyspepsia, nausea; Headache; Rash Phenothiazines
Panax ginseng (6) Ginseng, Asian ginseng, Chineseginseng, Korean ginseng, Orientalginseng, Red Ginseng
Central nervous system stimulant*; Diabetes;Fatigue, mental or physical; Tonic for stress**
Inability to concentrate (large doses);Hypoglycemia; Nervousness, irritability
Diabetic agents; Coumadin
Pausinystalia yohimbe Yohimbe, johimbi, yohimbehe,orynant e yo m e
Erectile dysfunction** +/-; Hypotension*;mpotence; erostom a ecrease sa vat on
Agitation; Anxiety; Dyspepsia, nausea;ea ac e; ypertens on; nsomna;an a; ena sor ers; ac ycar a;
Tremor; Toxic reactions includingcardiac failure and death
Caffeine; Cardiac agents;p e ra;
n tors; r cyc cantidepressants
Pinus spp. (19) Pine dwarf pine, pine oil, pumilio,pycnogenol, Scotch fir, Scotchp ne, w ss mountan p ne, w tepine
Antioxidant; Bronchitis; Cough; Fever;Pharyngitis; Rheumatic disorders; Stomatitis;
pper resp ratory n ect on
Brochospasm; Dermatitis; Toxicreact ons can occur w t nterna useo essent a o .
None noted
per met yst cum(13)
ava ava, awa, ava nx ety ; nsomna erg c react on; ermat t s ong termuse); Diminished alertness and reactiontime; Drowsiness; Dyspepsia, nausea;
epatc tox c ty an ver a ure
co o ; e at v es;Benzodiazepines; Beta-blockeDopaminergic agents; Hepaticmeta o ze agents
am ucus, spp. er, ac e er, oor tree,common e er, e er erry,ellanwood, ellhorn, flor sauco, rede er, sweet e er
ronc t s; onstpaton; oug ; ema;ever; n uenza; pper resp ratory n ect on
arr ea; om t ng; ox c cyan ereact ons ave occurre rom smaamounts of leaves, stems and rawerr es.
one note
Serenoa repens (5) Saw palmetto, American dwarfpam tree, sa a
Benign prostatic hypertrophy***; Irritablea er
Headaches; Dyspepsia, nausea Hormonal agents
Silybum marianum Milk thistle, Marian thistle, St.ary t st e
Cholelithiasis; Dyspepsia; Hepatitis*;yperc o estero em a; n ammatory versease ; sor as s; ox c ver sease
Allergic reaction (rare); Laxative effectrare
Butyrophones; Phenothiazinesento am ne; o m ne
anacetempart en um
everew, a tam sa, ac e orsuttons, nose ee , anta ar a,
wild chamomile, wild quinine,hrysanthemum parthenium
rt r t s; st ma; ysmenorr ea; ever;n ammat on; gra ne ea ac e; gra neheadache prophylaxis***
erg c react on; tomatt s;t rawa syn rome art r t s,
myalgias)
nt-t rom otc agents;
Taraxacum officinale(30)
Dandelion, blowball, commonan e on, can erwort, ons
teet , eonto on taraxacum
Anorexia; Biliary disorders; Dyspepsia; Edema;Hepatic disorders; Urinary tract infection
Allergic reaction; Biliary inflammation;ary o struct on; ermat t s
Diuretics
n car a spp. at s c aw, e-g v ng-vne-o -eru, samento, una e gato
yspeps a; ancer; ontracept ve;n ect on; mmune st mu ant; n ammat on;Inflammatory bowel disease; Nausea; Viraldisorders
arr ea; ypotens on nt ypertensves; nt -t rom ot c agents
Vacciniummacrocarpon (8)
Cranberry Urinary incontinence; Urinary tract infection;Urinary tract infection-prevention**
None noted None noted
Vaccinium myrtillus(14)
Bilberry, bog bilberry, Europeanue erry, uc e erry, w ort eerry, yrt s ructus
Diabetic retinopathy +/-; Diarrhea; Stomatitis/pharyngitis; Vision-enhances night vision*+ -; o un ea ng
None noted Anti-thrombotic agents
a er ana spp. a er a n, a - ea , amant a,gar en vaer an, e otrope
nx ety; ysmenorr ea; nsomn a ; rr ta eowe sease
rows ness; yspeps a, nausea co o ; ar turates;enzo azep nes; e atves
tex v n era rape see , grape see extract nt-ox ant; rterosceros s;n ammat on; ar cost es; oun ea ng
one note one note
ng er o c na e(18)
nger, g nger root rt r t s ; yspepsa; yperemes sgravidarium***; Inflammation*; Motionsickness**; Nausea** +/-; Vomiting
ar ac arr yt m as a rge oses ;CNS depression (large doses); Uterinestimulant (large doses) +/-
nt-t rom otc agents
RIZONA
HET UNIVERSITY OF
C MOLLEGE OF EDICINE
Key: Number in parentheses after Botanical name is rank/order based on dollars sold in the United States, 2002. Herbs sold primarily as supplements or teas are not included in this ranking. (1) Level of Evidence: [No stars] folk use, theoretical;anecdotal, case reports; [**] an mal studes, few human studes;[***] random zed human tr als [+/-] confl ct ng stud es. Comp led by Lane P. Johnson, MD, MPH, D rector, Drug/Herb Core, Ar zona Center for Educaton and Research n TherapeTucson, Ar zona, 2005. Further nformat on can be found at the AZCERT Webs te: http://www.arizonacert.org/, or n Pocket Gu de to Herbal Remed es, Blackwell Sc ence, 2002. Th s table s prov ded for nformat onal purposes only and s not
designed to be used for the treatment of diseases or conditions. 2005 Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of The University of Arizona.