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Table of Contents
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419929" 3 Commercial and Industrial
Measures PAGEREF _Toc535419929 \h 12
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419930" 3.1 Lighting PAGEREF _Toc535419930
\h 12
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419931" 3.1.1 Lighting Improvements PAGEREF
_Toc535419931 \h 12
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419932" 3.1.2 New Construction Lighting
PAGEREF _Toc535419932 \h 26
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419933" 3.1.3 Lighting Controls PAGEREF
_Toc535419933 \h 36
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419934" 3.1.4 LED Exit Signs PAGEREF
_Toc535419934 \h 39
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419935" 3.1.5 LED Channel Signage PAGEREF
_Toc535419935 \h 42
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419936" 3.1.6 LED Refrigeration Display
Case Lighting PAGEREF _Toc535419936 \h 45
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419937" 3.1.7 Lighting Improvements for
Midstream Delivery Programs PAGEREF _Toc535419937 \h 47
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419938" 3.2 HVAC PAGEREF _Toc535419938 \h
56
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419939" 3.2.1 HVAC Systems PAGEREF
_Toc535419939 \h 56
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419940" 3.2.2 Electric Chillers PAGEREF
_Toc535419940 \h 65
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419941" 3.2.3 Water Source and Geothermal
Heat Pumps PAGEREF _Toc535419941 \h 70
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419942" 3.2.4 Ductless Mini-Split Heat
Pumps – Commercial < 5.4 tons PAGEREF _Toc535419942 \h 79
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419943" 3.2.5 Fuel Switching: Small
Commercial Electric Heat to Natural gas / Propane / Oil Heat
PAGEREF _Toc535419943 \h 83
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419944" 3.2.6 Small C&I HVAC
Refrigerant Charge Correction PAGEREF _Toc535419944 \h 87
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419945" 3.2.7 ENERGY STAR Room Air
Conditioner PAGEREF _Toc535419945 \h 92
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419946" 3.2.8 Controls: Guest Room
Occupancy Sensor PAGEREF _Toc535419946 \h 96
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419947" 3.2.9 Controls: Economizer PAGEREF
_Toc535419947 \h 99
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419948" 3.2.10 Computer Room Air
Conditioner PAGEREF _Toc535419948 \h 102
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419949" 3.2.11 Computer Room Air
Conditioner/Handler Electronically Commutated Plug Fans PAGEREF
_Toc535419949 \h 106
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419950" 3.2.12 Computer Room Air
Conditioner/Handler VSD on AC Fan Motors PAGEREF _Toc535419950 \h
109
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419951" 3.2.13 Circulation Fan: High-Volume
Low-Speed PAGEREF _Toc535419951 \h 112
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419952" 3.3 Motors and VFDs PAGEREF
_Toc535419952 \h 116
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419953" 3.3.1 Premium Efficiency Motors
PAGEREF _Toc535419953 \h 116
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419954" 3.3.2 Variable Frequency Drive
(VFD) Improvements PAGEREF _Toc535419954 \h 127
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419955" 3.3.3 ECM Circulating Fan PAGEREF
_Toc535419955 \h 131
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419956" 3.3.4 VSD on Kitchen Exhaust Fan
PAGEREF _Toc535419956 \h 134
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419957" 3.3.5 ECM Circulator Pump PAGEREF
_Toc535419957 \h 136
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419958" 3.3.6 High Efficiency Pump
(PLACEHOLDER) PAGEREF _Toc535419958 \h 140
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419959" 3.4 Domestic Hot Water PAGEREF
_Toc535419959 \h 141
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419960" 3.4.1 Heat Pump Water Heaters
PAGEREF _Toc535419960 \h 141
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419961" 3.4.2 Low Flow Pre-Rinse Sprayers
for Retrofit Programs and Time of Sale Programs PAGEREF
_Toc535419961 \h 147
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419962" 3.4.3 Fuel Switching: Electric
Resistance Water Heaters to Gas/Propane PAGEREF _Toc535419962 \h
151
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419963" 3.5 Refrigeration PAGEREF
_Toc535419963 \h 155
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419964" 3.5.1 ENERGY STAR
Refrigeration/Freezer Cases PAGEREF _Toc535419964 \h 155
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419965" 3.5.2 High-Efficiency Evaporator
Fan Motors for Walk-In or Reach-In Refrigerated Cases PAGEREF
_Toc535419965 \h 157
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419966" 3.5.3 Controls: Evaporator Fan
Controllers PAGEREF _Toc535419966 \h 160
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419967" 3.5.4 Controls: Floating Head
Pressure Controls PAGEREF _Toc535419967 \h 163
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419968" 3.5.5 Controls: Anti-Sweat Heater
Controls PAGEREF _Toc535419968 \h 167
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419969" 3.5.6 Controls: Evaporator Coil
Defrost Control PAGEREF _Toc535419969 \h 170
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419970" 3.5.7 Variable Speed Refrigeration
Compressor PAGEREF _Toc535419970 \h 172
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419971" 3.5.8 Strip Curtains for Walk-In
Freezers and Coolers PAGEREF _Toc535419971 \h 174
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419972" 3.5.9 Night Covers for Display
Cases PAGEREF _Toc535419972 \h 177
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419973" 3.5.10 Auto Closers PAGEREF
_Toc535419973 \h 179
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419974" 3.5.11 Door Gaskets for Walk-in and
Reach-in Coolers and Freezers PAGEREF _Toc535419974 \h 181
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419975" 3.5.12 Special Doors with Low or No
Anti-Sweat Heat for Reach-In Freezers and Coolers PAGEREF
_Toc535419975 \h 183
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419976" 3.5.13 Suction Pipe Insulation for
Walk-In Coolers and Freezers PAGEREF _Toc535419976 \h 185
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419977" 3.5.14 Refrigerated Display Cases
with Doors Replacing Open Cases PAGEREF _Toc535419977 \h 187
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419978" 3.5.15 Adding Doors to Existing
Refrigerated Display Cases PAGEREF _Toc535419978 \h 189
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419979" 3.5.16 Air-Cooled Refrigeration
Condenser PAGEREF _Toc535419979 \h 191
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419980" 3.5.17 Refrigerated Case Light
Occupancy Sensors PAGEREF _Toc535419980 \h 193
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419981" 3.5.18 Refrigeration Economizers
PAGEREF _Toc535419981 \h 195
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419982" 3.6 Appliances PAGEREF
_Toc535419982 \h 199
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419983" 3.6.1 ENERGY STAR Clothes Washer
PAGEREF _Toc535419983 \h 199
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419984" 3.6.2 ENERGY STAR Bathroom
Ventilation Fan in Commercial Applications PAGEREF _Toc535419984 \h
206
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419985" 3.7 Food Service Equipment PAGEREF
_Toc535419985 \h 209
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419986" 3.7.1 ENERGY STAR Ice Machines
PAGEREF _Toc535419986 \h 209
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419987" 3.7.2 Controls: Beverage Machine
Controls PAGEREF _Toc535419987 \h 213
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419988" 3.7.3 Controls: Snack Machine
Controls PAGEREF _Toc535419988 \h 216
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419989" 3.7.4 ENERGY STAR Electric Steam
Cooker PAGEREF _Toc535419989 \h 218
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419990" 3.7.5 ENERGY STAR Combination Oven
PAGEREF _Toc535419990 \h 222
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419991" 3.7.6 ENERGY STAR Commercial
Convection Oven PAGEREF _Toc535419991 \h 226
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419992" 3.7.7 ENERGY STAR Commercial Fryer
PAGEREF _Toc535419992 \h 229
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419993" 3.7.8 ENERGY STAR Commercial Hot
Food Holding Cabinet PAGEREF _Toc535419993 \h 232
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419994" 3.7.9 ENERGY STAR Commercial
Dishwasher PAGEREF _Toc535419994 \h 235
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419995" 3.7.10 ENERGY STAR Commercial
Griddle PAGEREF _Toc535419995 \h 239
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419996" 3.8 Building Shell PAGEREF
_Toc535419996 \h 242
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419997" 3.8.1 Wall and Ceiling Insulation
PAGEREF _Toc535419997 \h 242
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419998" 3.9 Consumer Electronics PAGEREF
_Toc535419998 \h 245
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535419999" 3.9.1 ENERGY STAR Office Equipment
PAGEREF _Toc535419999 \h 245
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420000" 3.9.2 Office Equipment – Network
Power Management Enabling PAGEREF _Toc535420000 \h 251
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420001" 3.9.3 Advanced Power Strips PAGEREF
_Toc535420001 \h 254
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420002" 3.9.4 ENERGY STAR Servers PAGEREF
_Toc535420002 \h 257
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420003" 3.9.5 Server Virtualization PAGEREF
_Toc535420003 \h 261
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420004" 3.10 Compressed Air PAGEREF
_Toc535420004 \h 265
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420005" 3.10.1 Cycling Refrigerated Thermal
Mass Dryer PAGEREF _Toc535420005 \h 265
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420006" 3.10.2 Air-Entraining Air Nozzle
PAGEREF _Toc535420006 \h 268
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420007" 3.10.3 No-Loss Condensate Drains
PAGEREF _Toc535420007 \h 272
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420008" 3.10.4 Air Tanks for Load/No Load
Compressors PAGEREF _Toc535420008 \h 277
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420009" 3.10.5 Variable-Speed Drive Air
Compressor PAGEREF _Toc535420009 \h 280
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420010" 3.10.6 Compressed Air Controller
PAGEREF _Toc535420010 \h 283
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420011" 3.10.7 Compressed Air Low Pressure
Drop Filters PAGEREF _Toc535420011 \h 286
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420012" 3.10.8 Compressed Air Mist
Eliminators PAGEREF _Toc535420012 \h 289
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420013" 3.11 Miscellaneous PAGEREF
_Toc535420013 \h 293
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420014" 3.11.1 High Efficiency Transformer
PAGEREF _Toc535420014 \h 293
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420015" 3.11.2 Engine Block Heat Timer
PAGEREF _Toc535420015 \h 296
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420016" 3.11.3 High Frequency Battery
Chargers PAGEREF _Toc535420016 \h 298
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420017" 3.12 Demand Response PAGEREF
_Toc535420017 \h 302
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420018" 3.12.1 Load Curtailment for
Commercial and Industrial Programs PAGEREF _Toc535420018 \h 302
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420019" 4 Agricultural Measures PAGEREF
_Toc535420019 \h 305
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420020" 4.1 Agricultural PAGEREF
_Toc535420020 \h 305
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420021" 4.1.1 Automatic Milker Takeoffs
PAGEREF _Toc535420021 \h 305
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420022" 4.1.2 Dairy Scroll Compressors
PAGEREF _Toc535420022 \h 307
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420023" 4.1.3 High Efficiency Ventilation
Fans with and without Thermostats PAGEREF _Toc535420023 \h 310
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420024" 4.1.4 Heat Reclaimers PAGEREF
_Toc535420024 \h 314
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420025" 4.1.5 High Volume Low Speed Fans
PAGEREF _Toc535420025 \h 317
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420026" 4.1.6 Livestock Waterer PAGEREF
_Toc535420026 \h 319
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420027" 4.1.7 Variable Speed Drive (VSD)
Controller on Dairy Vacuum Pumps PAGEREF _Toc535420027 \h 321
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420028" 4.1.8 Low Pressure Irrigation
System PAGEREF _Toc535420028 \h 324
3 Commercial and Industrial Measures12
3.1 Lighting12
3.1.1 Lighting Improvements12
3.1.2 New Construction Lighting26
3.1.3 Lighting Controls36
3.1.4 LED Exit Signs39
3.1.5 LED Channel Signage42
3.1.6 LED Refrigeration Display Case Lighting45
3.1.7 Lighting Improvements for Midstream Delivery
Programs47
3.2 HVAC56
3.2.1 HVAC Systems56
3.2.2 Electric Chillers65
3.2.3 Water Source and Geothermal Heat Pumps70
3.2.4 Ductless Mini-Split Heat Pumps – Commercial < 5.4
tons79
3.2.5 Fuel Switching: Small Commercial Electric Heat to Natural
gas / Propane / Oil Heat83
3.2.6 Small C&I HVAC Refrigerant Charge Correction87
3.2.7 ENERGY STAR Room Air Conditioner92
3.2.8 Controls: Guest Room Occupancy Sensor96
3.2.9 Controls: Economizer99
3.2.10 Computer Room Air Conditioner102
3.2.11 Computer Room Air Conditioner/Handler Electronically
Commutated Plug Fans106
3.2.12 Computer Room Air Conditioner/Handler VSD on AC Fan
Motors109
3.2.13 Circulation Fan: High-Volume Low-Speed112
3.3 Motors and VFDs116
3.3.1 Premium Efficiency Motors116
3.3.2 Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) Improvements127
3.3.3 ECM Circulating Fan131
3.3.4 VSD on Kitchen Exhaust Fan134
3.3.5 ECM Circulator Pump136
3.3.6 High Efficiency Pumps140
3.4 Domestic Hot Water143
3.4.1 Heat Pump Water Heaters143
3.4.2 Low Flow Pre-Rinse Sprayers for Retrofit Programs and Time
of Sale Programs149
3.4.3 Fuel Switching: Electric Resistance Water Heaters to
Gas/Propane153
3.5 Refrigeration157
3.5.1 ENERGY STAR Refrigeration/Freezer Cases157
3.5.2 High-Efficiency Evaporator Fan Motors for Walk-In or
Reach-In Refrigerated Cases159
3.5.3 Controls: Evaporator Fan Controllers162
3.5.4 Controls: Floating Head Pressure Controls165
3.5.5 Controls: Anti-Sweat Heater Controls169
3.5.6 Controls: Evaporator Coil Defrost Control172
3.5.7 Variable Speed Refrigeration Compressor174
3.5.8 Strip Curtains for Walk-In Freezers and Coolers176
3.5.9 Night Covers for Display Cases179
3.5.10 Auto Closers181
3.5.11 Door Gaskets for Walk-in and Reach-in Coolers and
Freezers183
3.5.12 Special Doors with Low or No Anti-Sweat Heat for Reach-In
Freezers and Coolers185
3.5.13 Suction Pipe Insulation for Walk-In Coolers and
Freezers187
3.5.14 Refrigerated Display Cases with Doors Replacing Open
Cases189
3.5.15 Adding Doors to Existing Refrigerated Display
Cases191
3.5.16 Air-Cooled Refrigeration Condenser193
3.5.17 Refrigerated Case Light Occupancy Sensors195
3.5.18 Refrigeration Economizers197
3.6 Appliances201
3.6.1 ENERGY STAR Clothes Washer201
3.6.2 ENERGY STAR Bathroom Ventilation Fan in Commercial
Applications208
3.7 Food Service Equipment211
3.7.1 ENERGY STAR Ice Machines211
3.7.2 Controls: Beverage Machine Controls215
3.7.3 Controls: Snack Machine Controls218
3.7.4 ENERGY STAR Electric Steam Cooker220
3.7.5 ENERGY STAR Combination Oven224
3.7.6 ENERGY STAR Commercial Convection Oven228
3.7.7 ENERGY STAR Commercial Fryer231
3.7.8 ENERGY STAR Commercial Hot Food Holding Cabinet234
3.7.9 ENERGY STAR Commercial Dishwasher237
3.7.10 ENERGY STAR Commercial Griddle241
3.8 Building Shell244
3.8.1 Wall and Ceiling Insulation244
3.9 Consumer Electronics247
3.9.1 ENERGY STAR Office Equipment247
3.9.2 Office Equipment – Network Power Management
Enabling253
3.9.3 Advanced Power Strips256
3.9.4 ENERGY STAR Servers259
3.9.5 Server Virtualization263
3.10 Compressed Air267
3.10.1 Cycling Refrigerated Thermal Mass Dryer267
3.10.2 Air-Entraining Air Nozzle270
3.10.3 No-Loss Condensate Drains274
3.10.4 Air Tanks for Load/No Load Compressors279
3.10.5 Variable-Speed Drive Air Compressor282
3.10.6 Compressed Air Controller285
3.10.7 Compressed Air Low Pressure Drop Filters288
3.10.8 Compressed Air Mist Eliminators291
3.11 Miscellaneous295
3.11.1 High Efficiency Transformer295
3.11.2 Engine Block Heat Timer298
3.11.3 High Frequency Battery Chargers300
3.12 Demand Response304
3.12.1 Load Curtailment for Commercial and Industrial
Programs304
4 Agricultural Measures307
4.1 Agricultural307
4.1.1 Automatic Milker Takeoffs307
4.1.2 Dairy Scroll Compressors309
4.1.3 High Efficiency Ventilation Fans with and without
Thermostats312
4.1.4 Heat Reclaimers316
4.1.5 High Volume Low Speed Fans319
4.1.6 Livestock Waterer321
4.1.7 Variable Speed Drive (VSD) Controller on Dairy Vacuum
Pumps323
4.1.8 Low Pressure Irrigation System326
List of Figures
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420029" Figure 31: Dependence of COP on
Outdoor Wet Bulb Temperature PAGEREF _Toc535420029 \h 143
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420030" Figure 32: Utilization factor for a
sample week in July PAGEREF _Toc535420030 \h 201
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420031" Figure 41: Typical Dairy Vacuum
Pump Coincident Peak Demand Reduction PAGEREF _Toc535420031 \h
322
Figure 31: Dependence of COP on Outdoor Wet Bulb
Temperature145
Figure 32: Utilization factor for a sample week in July203
Figure 41: Typical Dairy Vacuum Pump Coincident Peak Demand
Reduction324
List of Tables
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420032" Table 31: Assumed T-8 Baseline
Fixtures for Removed T-12 Fixtures PAGEREF _Toc535420032 \h 13
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420033" Table 32: Assumed Generic GSL
Baseline Lamps/Fixtures for Removed Incandescent Lamps/Fixtures
PAGEREF _Toc535420033 \h 14
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420034" Table 33: Terms, Values, and
References for Lighting Improvements PAGEREF _Toc535420034 \h
17
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420035" Table 34: Savings Control Factors
Assumptions PAGEREF _Toc535420035 \h 18
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420036" Table 35: Lighting HOU and CF by
Building Type for Screw-Based Bulbs PAGEREF _Toc535420036 \h 19
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420037" Table 36: Lighting HOU and CF by
Building Type for Other General Service Lighting PAGEREF
_Toc535420037 \h 20
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420038" Table 37: Street lighting HOU by
EDC PAGEREF _Toc535420038 \h 21
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420039" Table 38: Interactive Factors for
All Bulb Types PAGEREF _Toc535420039 \h 21
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420040" Table 39: Interactive Factors for
Comfort Cooled Spaces for All Building Types PAGEREF _Toc535420040
\h 21
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420041" Table 310: Connected Load of the
Baseline Lighting PAGEREF _Toc535420041 \h 22
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420042" Table 311: Terms, Values, and
References for New Construction Lighting PAGEREF _Toc535420042 \h
27
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420043" Table 312: Lighting Power Densities
from IECC 2015 Building Area Method Source 2 PAGEREF _Toc535420043
\h 28
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420044" Table 313: Lighting Power Densities
from IECC 2015 Space-by-Space Method Source 2 PAGEREF _Toc535420044
\h 28
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420045" Table 314: Baseline Exterior
Lighting Power Densities Source 2 PAGEREF _Toc535420045 \h 31
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420046" Table 315: Default Baseline Savings
Control Factors Assumptions for New Construction Only PAGEREF
_Toc535420046 \h 32
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420047" Table 316: Terms, Values, and
References for Lighting Controls PAGEREF _Toc535420047 \h 37
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420048" Table 317: Terms, Values, and
References for LED Exit Signs PAGEREF _Toc535420048 \h 40
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420049" Table 318: Terms, Values, and
References for LED Channel Signage PAGEREF _Toc535420049 \h 43
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420050" Table 319: Terms, Values, and
References for LED Refrigeration Case Lighting PAGEREF
_Toc535420050 \h 46
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420051" Table 320: Terms, Values, and
References for Lighting Improvements for Midstream Delivery
Programs PAGEREF _Toc535420051 \h 48
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420052" Table 321: Baseline Wattage,
Omnidirectional Lamps PAGEREF _Toc535420052 \h 49
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420053" Table 322: Baseline Wattage,
Decorative Lamps PAGEREF _Toc535420053 \h 49
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420054" Table 323: Baseline Wattage,
Directional Lamps PAGEREF _Toc535420054 \h 50
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420055" Table 324: Baseline Wattage, Linear
Lamps & Fixtures, HID Interior and Exterior Fixtures PAGEREF
_Toc535420055 \h 51
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420056" Table 325: Savings Control
(SVGbase) Factors Assumptions,, PAGEREF _Toc535420056 \h 53
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420057" Table 326: Terms, Values, and
References for HVAC Systems PAGEREF _Toc535420057 \h 57
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420058" Table 327: HVAC Baseline
Efficiencies PAGEREF _Toc535420058 \h 59
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420059" Table 328: Cooling EFLHs for
Pennsylvania Cities PAGEREF _Toc535420059 \h 61
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420060" Table 329: Cooling Demand CFs for
Pennsylvania Cities PAGEREF _Toc535420060 \h 62
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420061" Table 330: Heating EFLHs for
Pennsylvania Cities PAGEREF _Toc535420061 \h 63
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420062" Table 331: Terms, Values, and
References for Electric Chillers PAGEREF _Toc535420062 \h 66
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420063" Table 332: Electric Chiller
Baseline Efficiencies PAGEREF _Toc535420063 \h 67
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420064" Table 333: Chiller EFLHs for
Pennsylvania Cities PAGEREF _Toc535420064 \h 68
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420065" Table 334: Chiller Demand CFs for
Pennsylvania Cities PAGEREF _Toc535420065 \h 68
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420066" Table 335: Water Source or
Geothermal Heat Pump Baseline Assumptions PAGEREF _Toc535420066 \h
71
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420067" Table 336: Terms, Values, and
References for Geothermal Heat Pumps PAGEREF _Toc535420067 \h
73
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420068" Table 337: Federal Baseline Motor
Efficiencies for NEMA Design A and NEMA Design B Motors PAGEREF
_Toc535420068 \h 76
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420069" Table 338: Ground/Water Loop Pump
and Circulating Pump Efficiency PAGEREF _Toc535420069 \h 76
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420070" Table 339: Default Baseline
Equipment Efficiencies PAGEREF _Toc535420070 \h 77
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420071" Table 340: Terms, Values, and
References for DHP PAGEREF _Toc535420071 \h 81
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420072" Table 341: ENERGY STAR Requirements
for Furnaces and Boilers PAGEREF _Toc535420072 \h 83
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420073" Table 342: Terms, Values, and
References for Fuel Switching PAGEREF _Toc535420073 \h 85
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420074" Table 343: Terms, Values, and
References for Refrigerant Charge Correction PAGEREF _Toc535420074
\h 89
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420075" Table 344: Refrigerant charge
correction COP degradation factor (RCF) for various relative charge
adjustments for both TXV metered and non-TXV units PAGEREF
_Toc535420075 \h 90
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420076" Table 345: Terms, Values, and
References for ENERGY STAR Room Air Conditioners PAGEREF
_Toc535420076 \h 93
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420077" Table 346: RAC Federal Minimum
Efficiency and ENERGY STAR Version 4.1 Standards PAGEREF
_Toc535420077 \h 94
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420078" Table 347: Casement-Only and
Casement-Slider RAC Federal Minimum Efficiency and ENERGY STAR
Version 4.1 Standards PAGEREF _Toc535420078 \h 94
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420079" Table 348: Reverse-Cycle RAC
Federal Minimum Efficiency Standards and ENERGY STAR Version 4.1
Standards PAGEREF _Toc535420079 \h 94
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420080" Table 349: Terms, Values, and
References for Guest Room Occupancy Sensors PAGEREF _Toc535420080
\h 96
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420081" Table 350: Energy Savings for Guest
Room Occupancy Sensors – Motels PAGEREF _Toc535420081 \h 97
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420082" Table 351: Energy Savings for Guest
Room Occupancy Sensors – Hotels PAGEREF _Toc535420082 \h 97
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420083" Table 352: Peak Demand Savings for
Guest Room Occupancy Sensors – Motels PAGEREF _Toc535420083 \h
97
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420084" Table 353: Peak Demand Savings for
Guest Room Occupancy Sensors – Hotels PAGEREF _Toc535420084 \h
98
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420085" Table 354: Terms, Values, and
References for Economizers PAGEREF _Toc535420085 \h 100
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420086" Table 355: FCHr for PA Climate
Zones and Various Operating Conditions PAGEREF _Toc535420086 \h
100
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420087" Table 356: Terms, Values, and
References for Computer Room Air Conditioners PAGEREF _Toc535420087
\h 103
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420088" Table 357: Computer Room Air
Conditioner Baseline Efficiencies PAGEREF _Toc535420088 \h 104
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420089" Table 358: Terms, Values, and
References for CRAC/CRAH EC Plug Fans PAGEREF _Toc535420089 \h
107
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420090" Table 359: Default ‘per HP’ Savings
for CRAC/CRAH EC Plug Fans PAGEREF _Toc535420090 \h 108
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420091" Table 360: Terms, Values, and
References for CRAC/CRAH VSD on AC Fan Motors PAGEREF _Toc535420091
\h 110
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420092" Table 361: Default Savings for
CRAC/CRAH VSD on AC Fan Motors PAGEREF _Toc535420092 \h 110
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420093" Table 362: Terms, Values, and
References for HVLS Fans PAGEREF _Toc535420093 \h 113
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420094" Table 363: Default Values for
Conventional and HVLS Fan Wattages PAGEREF _Toc535420094 \h 113
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420095" Table 364: Default Hours of Use by
Building Type and Region PAGEREF _Toc535420095 \h 114
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420096" Table 365: Terms, Values, and
References for Premium Efficiency Motors PAGEREF _Toc535420096 \h
117
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420097" Table 366: Baseline Efficiencies
for NEMA Design A and NEMA Design B Motors PAGEREF _Toc535420097 \h
118
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420098" Table 367: Baseline Motor
Efficiencies for NEMA Design C Motors PAGEREF _Toc535420098 \h
119
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420099" Table 368: Default RHRS and CFs for
Supply Fan Motors in Commercial Buildings PAGEREF _Toc535420099 \h
120
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420100" Table 369: Default RHRS and CFs for
Chilled Water Pump (CHWP) Motors in Commercial Buildings PAGEREF
_Toc535420100 \h 122
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420101" Table 370: Default RHRS and CFs for
Cooling Tower Fan (CTF) Motors in Commercial Buildings PAGEREF
_Toc535420101 \h 123
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420102" Table 371: Default RHRS and CFs for
Heating Hot Water Pump (HHWP) Motors in Commercial Buildings
PAGEREF _Toc535420102 \h 124
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420103" Table 372: Default RHRS and CFs for
Condenser Water Pump Motors in Commercial Buildings PAGEREF
_Toc535420103 \h 125
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420104" Table 373: Terms, Values, and
References for VFDs PAGEREF _Toc535420104 \h 128
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420105" Table 374: Default Load Profiles
for HVAC Fans and Pumps PAGEREF _Toc535420105 \h 129
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420106" Table 375: Supply/Return and
Cooling Tower Fan Power Part Load Ratios PAGEREF _Toc535420106 \h
129
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420107" Table 376: HVAC Pump Power Part
Load Ratios PAGEREF _Toc535420107 \h 129
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420108" Table 377: Terms, Values, and
References for ECM Circulating Fans PAGEREF _Toc535420108 \h
132
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420109" Table 378: Default Motor Efficiency
by Motor Type PAGEREF _Toc535420109 \h 133
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420110" Table 379: Terms, Values, and
References for VSD on Kitchen Exhaust Fans PAGEREF _Toc535420110 \h
134
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420111" Table 380: Terms, Values, and
References for ECM Circulator Pumps PAGEREF _Toc535420111 \h
138
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420112" Table 381: Typical water heating
Gallons per Year and Energy to Demand Factors PAGEREF _Toc535420112
\h 142
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420113" Table 382: COP Adjustment Factors,
Fadjust PAGEREF _Toc535420113 \h 143
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420114" Table 383: Terms, Values, and
References for Heat Pump Water Heaters PAGEREF _Toc535420114 \h
144
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420115" Table 384: Minimum Baseline Uniform
Energy Factor Based on Storage Volume PAGEREF _Toc535420115 \h
144
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420116" Table 385: Default Energy Savings
PAGEREF _Toc535420116 \h 145
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420117" Table 386: Typical Energy to Demand
Factors PAGEREF _Toc535420117 \h 148
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420118" Table 387: Terms, Values, and
References for Low Flow Pre-Rinse Sprayers PAGEREF _Toc535420118 \h
148
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420119" Table 388: Flow Rate and Usage
Duration by Program PAGEREF _Toc535420119 \h 149
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420120" Table 389: Low Flow Pre-Rinse
Sprayer Default Savings PAGEREF _Toc535420120 \h 149
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420121" Table 390: Terms, Values, and
References for Commercial Water Heater Fuel Switching PAGEREF
_Toc535420121 \h 152
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420122" Table 391: Minimum Baseline Uniform
Energy Factor for Gas Water Heaters PAGEREF _Toc535420122 \h
153
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420123" Table 392: Water Heating Fuel
Switch Energy Savings Algorithms PAGEREF _Toc535420123 \h 153
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420124" Table 393: Terms, Values, and
References for High-Efficiency Refrigeration/Freezer Cases PAGEREF
_Toc535420124 \h 155
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420125" Table 394: Refrigeration &
Freezer Case Efficiencies PAGEREF _Toc535420125 \h 156
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420126" Table 395: Terms, Values, and
References for High-Efficiency Evaporator Fan Motors PAGEREF
_Toc535420126 \h 158
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420127" Table 396: Terms, Values, and
References for Evaporator Fan Controllers PAGEREF _Toc535420127 \h
161
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420128" Table 397: Terms, Values, and
References for Floating Head Pressure Controls PAGEREF
_Toc535420128 \h 164
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420129" Table 398: Annual Savings kWh/HP by
Location PAGEREF _Toc535420129 \h 165
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420130" Table 399: Default Condenser Type
Annual Savings kWh/HP by Location PAGEREF _Toc535420130 \h 165
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420131" Table 3100: Terms, Values, and
References for Anti-Sweat Heater Controls PAGEREF _Toc535420131 \h
168
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420132" Table 3101: Per Door Savings with
ASDH PAGEREF _Toc535420132 \h 169
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420133" Table 3102: Terms, Values, and
References for Evaporator Coil Defrost Controls PAGEREF
_Toc535420133 \h 170
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420134" Table 3103: Terms, Values, and
References for VSD Compressors PAGEREF _Toc535420134 \h 173
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420135" Table 3104: Terms, Values, and
References for Strip Curtains PAGEREF _Toc535420135 \h 175
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420136" Table 3105: Doorway Area
Assumptions PAGEREF _Toc535420136 \h 175
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420137" Table 3106: Default Energy Savings
and Demand Reductions for Strip Curtains per Square Foot PAGEREF
_Toc535420137 \h 175
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420138" Table 3107: Terms, Values, and
References for Night Covers PAGEREF _Toc535420138 \h 177
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420139" Table 3108: Savings Factors PAGEREF
_Toc535420139 \h 177
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420140" Table 3109: Terms, Values, and
References for Auto Closers PAGEREF _Toc535420140 \h 180
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420141" Table 3110: Refrigeration Auto
Closers Default Savings PAGEREF _Toc535420141 \h 180
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420142" Table 3111: Terms, Values, and
References for Door Gaskets PAGEREF _Toc535420142 \h 181
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420143" Table 3112: Door Gasket Savings Per
Door for Walk-in and Reach-in Coolers and Freezers PAGEREF
_Toc535420143 \h 182
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420144" Table 3113: Terms, Values, and
References for Special Doors with Low or No Anti-Sweat Heat PAGEREF
_Toc535420144 \h 184
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420145" Table 3114: Terms, Values, and
References for Insulate Bare Refrigeration Suction Pipes PAGEREF
_Toc535420145 \h 186
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420146" Table 3115: Insulate Bare
Refrigeration Suction Pipes Savings per Linear Foot PAGEREF
_Toc535420146 \h 186
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420147" Table 3116: Terms, Values, and
References for Refrigerated Display Cases with Doors Replacing Open
Cases PAGEREF _Toc535420147 \h 187
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420148" Table 3117: Terms, Values, and
References for Adding Doors to Refrigerated Display Cases PAGEREF
_Toc535420148 \h 189
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420149" Table 3118: Terms, Values, and
References for Air-Cooled Refrigeration Condensers PAGEREF
_Toc535420149 \h 191
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420150" Table 3119: Default Savings for
Air-Cooled Refrigeration Condensers PAGEREF _Toc535420150 \h
192
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420151" Table 3120: Terms, Values, and
References for Refrigerated Case Light Occupancy Sensors PAGEREF
_Toc535420151 \h 193
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420152" Table 3121: Default energy and
demand savings values, per watt of controlled lighting PAGEREF
_Toc535420152 \h 194
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420153" Table 3122: Terms, Values, and
References for Refrigeration Economizers PAGEREF _Toc535420153 \h
196
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420154" Table 3123: Hours and kWh Savings
per HP for Refrigeration Economizers PAGEREF _Toc535420154 \h
197
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420155" Table 3124: Terms, Values, and
References for Commercial Clothes Washers PAGEREF _Toc535420155 \h
202
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420156" Table 3125: Fuel Shares for Water
Heaters and Dryers PAGEREF _Toc535420156 \h 203
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420157" Table 3126: Default Savings for
Replacing Top-Loading Clothes Washer in Multifamily Buildings with
ENERGY STAR Clothes Washer PAGEREF _Toc535420157 \h 204
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420158" Table 3127: Default Savings for
Replacing Front-Loading Clothes Washer in Multifamily Buildings
with ENERGY STAR Clothes Washer PAGEREF _Toc535420158 \h 204
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420159" Table 3128: Default Savings for
Replacing Top-Loading Clothes Washer in Laundromats with ENERGY
STAR Clothes Washer PAGEREF _Toc535420159 \h 204
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420160" Table 3129: Default Savings for
Replacing Front-Loading Clothes Washer in Laundromats with ENERGY
STAR Clothes Washer PAGEREF _Toc535420160 \h 205
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420161" Table 3130: Criteria for ENERGY
STAR Certified Residential Bathroom Fans Source 2 PAGEREF
_Toc535420161 \h 206
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420162" Table 3131: Terms, Values, and
References for ENERGY STAR Bathroom Ventilation Fans PAGEREF
_Toc535420162 \h 207
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420163" Table 3132: Default Savings for
ENERGY STAR Bathroom Ventilation Fans in Commercial Applications
PAGEREF _Toc535420163 \h 207
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420164" Table 3133: Terms, Values, and
References for High-Efficiency Ice Machines PAGEREF _Toc535420164
\h 210
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420165" Table 3134: Batch-Type Ice Machine
Baseline Efficiencies PAGEREF _Toc535420165 \h 210
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420166" Table 3135: Continuous Type Ice
Machine Baseline Efficiencies PAGEREF _Toc535420166 \h 211
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420167" Table 3136: Batch-Type Ice Machine
ENERGY STAR Efficiencies PAGEREF _Toc535420167 \h 211
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420168" Table 3137: Continuous Type Ice
Machine ENERGY STAR Efficiencies PAGEREF _Toc535420168 \h 212
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420169" Table 3138: Terms, Values, and
References for Beverage Machine Controls PAGEREF _Toc535420169 \h
214
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420170" Table 3139: Default Savings for
Beverage Machine Controls PAGEREF _Toc535420170 \h 214
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420171" Table 3140: Terms, Values, and
References for Snack Machine Controls PAGEREF _Toc535420171 \h
216
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420172" Table 3141: Terms, Values, and
References for ENERGY STAR Electric Steam Cookers PAGEREF
_Toc535420172 \h 219
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420173" Table 3142: Default Values for
Electric Steam Cookers by Number of Pans PAGEREF _Toc535420173 \h
220
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420174" Table 3143: Combination Oven
Eligibility Requirements PAGEREF _Toc535420174 \h 222
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420175" Table 3144: Terms, Values, and
References for ENERGY STAR Combination Ovens PAGEREF _Toc535420175
\h 223
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420176" Table 3145: Default Baseline and
Efficient-Case Values for ElecEFF PAGEREF _Toc535420176 \h 224
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420177" Table 3146: Default Baseline Values
for ElecIDLE PAGEREF _Toc535420177 \h 224
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420178" Table 3147: Default Baseline Values
for ElecPC PAGEREF _Toc535420178 \h 224
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420179" Table 3148: Default Efficient-Case
Values for ElecPC PAGEREF _Toc535420179 \h 225
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420180" Table 3149: Terms, Values, and
References for ENERGY STAR Commercial Electric Convection Ovens
PAGEREF _Toc535420180 \h 227
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420181" Table 3150: Electric Oven
Performance Metrics: Baseline and Efficient Default Values PAGEREF
_Toc535420181 \h 228
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420182" Table 3151: Default Unit Savings
and Demand Reduction for ENERGY STAR Commercial Electric Convection
Ovens. PAGEREF _Toc535420182 \h 228
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420183" Table 3152: Terms, Values, and
References for ENERGY STAR Commercial Fryers PAGEREF _Toc535420183
\h 230
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420184" Table 3153: Electric Fryer
Performance Metrics: Baseline and Efficient Default Values PAGEREF
_Toc535420184 \h 231
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420185" Table 3154: Default for ENERGY STAR
Commercial Electric Fryers PAGEREF _Toc535420185 \h 231
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420186" Table 3155: Terms, Values, and
References for ENERGY STAR Commercial Hot Food Holding Cabinets
PAGEREF _Toc535420186 \h 233
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420187" Table 3156: Hot Food Holding
Cabinet Performance Metrics: Default Baseline and Efficient Value
Equations PAGEREF _Toc535420187 \h 233
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420188" Table 3157: Terms, Values, and
References for ENERGY STAR Commercial Dishwashers PAGEREF
_Toc535420188 \h 236
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420189" Table 3158: Default Inputs for
ENERGY STAR Commercial Dishwasher PAGEREF _Toc535420189 \h 237
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420190" Table 3159: Default Energy Savings
for ENERGY STAR Commercial Dishwashers PAGEREF _Toc535420190 \h
237
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420191" Table 3160: Terms, Values, and
References for ENERGY STAR Griddles PAGEREF _Toc535420191 \h
240
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420192" Table 3161: Default Savings for
ENERGY STAR Griddles PAGEREF _Toc535420192 \h 241
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420193" Table 3162: Terms, Values, and
References for Wall and Ceiling Insulation PAGEREF _Toc535420193 \h
243
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420194" Table 3163: Initial R-Values
PAGEREF _Toc535420194 \h 244
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420195" Table 3164: Terms, Values, and
References for ENERGY STAR Office Equipment PAGEREF _Toc535420195
\h 247
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420196" Table 3165: ENERGY STAR Office
Equipment Measure Life PAGEREF _Toc535420196 \h 248
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420197" Table 3166: ENERGY STAR Office
Equipment Energy and Demand Savings Values PAGEREF _Toc535420197 \h
249
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420198" Table 3167: Terms, Values, and
References for ENERGY STAR Office Equipment PAGEREF _Toc535420198
\h 252
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420199" Table 3168: Network Power Controls,
Per Unit Summary Table PAGEREF _Toc535420199 \h 252
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420200" Table 3169: Terms, Values, and
References for Smart Strip Plug Outlets PAGEREF _Toc535420200 \h
255
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420201" Table 3170: Impact Factors for APS
Strip Types PAGEREF _Toc535420201 \h 255
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420202" Table 3171: Default Savings
for APS Strip Types PAGEREF _Toc535420202 \h 255
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420203" Table 3172: Terms, Values, and
References for ENERGY STAR Servers PAGEREF _Toc535420203 \h 258
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420204" Table 3173: ENERGY STAR Server
Utilization Default Assumptions PAGEREF _Toc535420204 \h 258
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420205" Table 3174: ENERGY STAR Server
Ratio of Idle Power to Full Load Power Factors PAGEREF
_Toc535420205 \h 258
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420206" Table 3175: Terms, Values, and
References for Server Virtualization PAGEREF _Toc535420206 \h
262
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420207" Table 3176: Server Utilization
Default Assumptions PAGEREF _Toc535420207 \h 262
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420208" Table 3177: ENERGY STAR Server
Ratio of Idle Power to Full Load Power Factors PAGEREF
_Toc535420208 \h 263
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420209" Table 3178: Terms, Values, and
References for Cycling Refrigerated Thermal Mass Dryers PAGEREF
_Toc535420209 \h 266
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420210" Table 3179: Default Hours and
Coincidence Factors by Shift Type PAGEREF _Toc535420210 \h 266
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420211" Table 3180: Default Savings per HP
for Cycling Refrigerated Thermal Mass Dryers PAGEREF _Toc535420211
\h 267
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420212" Table 3181: Terms, Values, and
References for Air-entraining Air Nozzles PAGEREF _Toc535420212 \h
269
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420213" Table 3182: Baseline Nozzle Mass
Flow PAGEREF _Toc535420213 \h 269
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420214" Table 3183: Air Entraining Nozzle
Mass Flow PAGEREF _Toc535420214 \h 269
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420215" Table 3184: Average Compressor kW /
CFM (COMP) PAGEREF _Toc535420215 \h 270
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420216" Table 3185: Default Hours and
Coincidence Factors by Shift Type PAGEREF _Toc535420216 \h 270
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420217" Table 3186: Terms, Values, and
References for No-loss Condensate Drains PAGEREF _Toc535420217 \h
273
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420218" Table 3187: Average Air Loss Rates
(ALR) PAGEREF _Toc535420218 \h 274
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420219" Table 3188: Average Compressor
kW/CFM (COMP) PAGEREF _Toc535420219 \h 274
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420220" Table 3189: Adjustment Factor (AF)
PAGEREF _Toc535420220 \h 275
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420221" Table 3190: Default Hours and
Coincidence Factors by Shift Type PAGEREF _Toc535420221 \h 275
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420222" Table 3191: Terms, Values, and
References for Air Tanks for Load/No Load Compressors PAGEREF
_Toc535420222 \h 278
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420223" Table 3192: Default Hours and
Coincidence Factors by Shift Type PAGEREF _Toc535420223 \h 278
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420224" Table 3193: Default Savings per HP
for Air Tanks for Load/No Load Compressors PAGEREF _Toc535420224 \h
279
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420225" Table 3194: Terms, Values, and
References for Variable-Speed Drive Air Compressors PAGEREF
_Toc535420225 \h 281
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420226" Table 3195: Default Hours and
Coincidence Factors by Shift Type PAGEREF _Toc535420226 \h 281
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420227" Table 3196: Default Savings per HP
for Variable-Speed Drive Air Compressors PAGEREF _Toc535420227 \h
282
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420228" Table 3197: Terms, Values, and
References for Compressed Air Controllers PAGEREF _Toc535420228 \h
284
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420229" Table 3198: Default Hours and
Coincidence Factors by Shift Type PAGEREF _Toc535420229 \h 284
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420230" Table 3199: Default Savings per HP
for Compressed Air Controllers PAGEREF _Toc535420230 \h 285
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420231" Table 3200: Terms, Values, and
References for Compressed Air Low Pressure Drop Filters PAGEREF
_Toc535420231 \h 286
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420232" Table 3201: Default Hours and
Coincidence Factors by Shift Type PAGEREF _Toc535420232 \h 287
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420233" Table 3202: Default Savings per HP
for Compressed Air Low Pressure Drop Filters PAGEREF _Toc535420233
\h 287
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420234" Table 3203: Terms, Values, and
References for Compressed Air Mist Eliminators PAGEREF
_Toc535420234 \h 290
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420235" Table 3204: Default Hours and
Coincidence Factors by Shift Type PAGEREF _Toc535420235 \h 291
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420236" Table 3205: Default Savings per HP
for Compressed Air Mist Eliminators PAGEREF _Toc535420236 \h
291
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420237" Table 3206: Terms, Values, and
References for High Efficiency Transformers PAGEREF _Toc535420237
\h 294
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420238" Table 3207: Baseline Efficiencies
for Low-Voltage Dry-Type Distribution Transformers PAGEREF
_Toc535420238 \h 294
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420239" Table 3208: Terms, Values, and
References for Engine Block Heater Timer PAGEREF _Toc535420239 \h
296
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420240" Table 3209: Default Savings for
Engine Block Heater Timer PAGEREF _Toc535420240 \h 297
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420241" Table 3210: Terms, Values, and
References for High Frequency Battery Chargers PAGEREF
_Toc535420241 \h 299
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420242" Table 3211: Default Values for
Number of Charges Per Year PAGEREF _Toc535420242 \h 300
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420243" Table 3212: Default Savings for
High Frequency Battery Charging PAGEREF _Toc535420243 \h 300
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420244" Table 3213: Terms, Values, and
References for C&I Load Curtailment PAGEREF _Toc535420244 \h
304
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420245" Table 41: Terms, Values, and
References for Automatic Milker Takeoffs PAGEREF _Toc535420245 \h
305
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420246" Table 42: Terms, Values, and
References for Dairy Scroll Compressors PAGEREF _Toc535420246 \h
308
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420247" Table 43: Terms, Values, and
References for Ventilation Fans PAGEREF _Toc535420247 \h 311
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420248" Table 44: Default values for
standard and high efficiency ventilation fans for dairy and swine
facilities PAGEREF _Toc535420248 \h 311
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420249" Table 45: Default Hours for
Ventilation Fans by Facility Type by Location (No Thermostat)
PAGEREF _Toc535420249 \h 312
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420250" Table 46: Default Hours for
Ventilation Fans by Facility Type by Location (With Thermostat)
PAGEREF _Toc535420250 \h 312
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420251" Table 47: Terms, Values, and
References for Heat Reclaimers PAGEREF _Toc535420251 \h 315
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420252" Table 48: Terms, Values, and
References for HVLS Fans PAGEREF _Toc535420252 \h 317
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420253" Table 49: Default Values for
Conventional and HVLS Fan Wattages PAGEREF _Toc535420253 \h 318
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420254" Table 410: Default Hours by
Location for Dairy/Poultry/Swine Applications PAGEREF _Toc535420254
\h 318
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420255" Table 411: Terms, Values, and
References for Livestock Waterers PAGEREF _Toc535420255 \h 319
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420256" Table 412: Terms, Values, and
References for VSD Controller on Dairy Vacuum Pump PAGEREF
_Toc535420256 \h 322
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc535420257" Table 413: Terms, Values, and
References for Low Pressure Irrigation Systems PAGEREF
_Toc535420257 \h 325
Table 31: Assumed T-8 Baseline Fixtures for Removed T-12
Fixtures13
Table 32: Assumed Generic GSL Baseline Lamps/Fixtures for
Removed Incandescent Lamps/Fixtures14
Table 33: Terms, Values, and References for Lighting
Improvements17
Table 34: Savings Control Factors Assumptions18
Table 35: Lighting HOU and CF by Building Type for Screw-Based
Bulbs19
Table 36: Lighting HOU and CF by Building Type for Other General
Service Lighting20
Table 37: Street lighting HOU by EDC21
Table 38: Interactive Factors for All Bulb Types21
Table 39: Interactive Factors for Comfort Cooled Spaces for All
Building Types21
Table 310: Connected Load of the Baseline Lighting22
Table 311: Terms, Values, and References for New Construction
Lighting27
Table 312: Lighting Power Densities from IECC 2015 Building Area
Method Source 228
Table 313: Lighting Power Densities from IECC 2015
Space-by-Space Method Source 228
Table 314: Baseline Exterior Lighting Power Densities Source
231
Table 315: Default Baseline Savings Control Factors Assumptions
for New Construction Only32
Table 316: Terms, Values, and References for Lighting
Controls37
Table 317: Terms, Values, and References for LED Exit
Signs40
Table 318: Terms, Values, and References for LED Channel
Signage43
Table 319: Terms, Values, and References for LED Refrigeration
Case Lighting46
Table 320: Terms, Values, and References for Lighting
Improvements for Midstream Delivery Programs48
Table 321: Baseline Wattage, Omnidirectional Lamps49
Table 322: Baseline Wattage, Decorative Lamps49
Table 323: Baseline Wattage, Directional Lamps50
Table 324: Baseline Wattage, Linear Lamps & Fixtures, HID
Interior and Exterior Fixtures51
Table 325: Savings Control (SVGbase) Factors Assumptions,,53
Table 326: Terms, Values, and References for HVAC Systems57
Table 327: HVAC Baseline Efficiencies59
Table 328: Cooling EFLHs for Pennsylvania Cities61
Table 329: Cooling Demand CFs for Pennsylvania Cities62
Table 330: Heating EFLHs for Pennsylvania Cities63
Table 331: Terms, Values, and References for Electric
Chillers66
Table 332: Electric Chiller Baseline Efficiencies67
Table 333: Chiller EFLHs for Pennsylvania Cities68
Table 334: Chiller Demand CFs for Pennsylvania Cities68
Table 335: Water Source or Geothermal Heat Pump Baseline
Assumptions71
Table 336: Terms, Values, and References for Geothermal Heat
Pumps73
Table 337: Federal Baseline Motor Efficiencies for NEMA Design A
and NEMA Design B Motors76
Table 338: Ground/Water Loop Pump and Circulating Pump
Efficiency76
Table 339: Default Baseline Equipment Efficiencies77
Table 340: Terms, Values, and References for DHP81
Table 341: ENERGY STAR Requirements for Furnaces and
Boilers83
Table 342: Terms, Values, and References for Fuel
Switching85
Table 343: Terms, Values, and References for Refrigerant Charge
Correction89
Table 344: Refrigerant charge correction COP degradation factor
(RCF) for various relative charge adjustments for both TXV metered
and non-TXV units90
Table 345: Terms, Values, and References for ENERGY STAR Room
Air Conditioners93
Table 346: RAC Federal Minimum Efficiency and ENERGY STAR
Version 4.1 Standards94
Table 347: Casement-Only and Casement-Slider RAC Federal Minimum
Efficiency and ENERGY STAR Version 4.1 Standards94
Table 348: Reverse-Cycle RAC Federal Minimum Efficiency
Standards and ENERGY STAR Version 4.1 Standards94
Table 349: Terms, Values, and References for Guest Room
Occupancy Sensors96
Table 350: Energy Savings for Guest Room Occupancy Sensors –
Motels97
Table 351: Energy Savings for Guest Room Occupancy Sensors –
Hotels97
Table 352: Peak Demand Savings for Guest Room Occupancy Sensors
– Motels97
Table 353: Peak Demand Savings for Guest Room Occupancy Sensors
– Hotels98
Table 354: Terms, Values, and References for Economizers100
Table 355: FCHr for PA Climate Zones and Various Operating
Conditions100
Table 356: Terms, Values, and References for Computer Room Air
Conditioners103
Table 357: Computer Room Air Conditioner Baseline
Efficiencies104
Table 358: Terms, Values, and References for CRAC/CRAH EC Plug
Fans107
Table 359: Default ‘per HP’ Savings for CRAC/CRAH EC Plug
Fans108
Table 360: Terms, Values, and References for CRAC/CRAH VSD on AC
Fan Motors110
Table 361: Default Savings for CRAC/CRAH VSD on AC Fan
Motors110
Table 362: Terms, Values, and References for HVLS Fans113
Table 363: Default Values for Conventional and HVLS Fan
Wattages113
Table 364: Default Hours of Use by Building Type and
Region114
Table 365: Terms, Values, and References for Premium Efficiency
Motors117
Table 366: Baseline Efficiencies for NEMA Design A and NEMA
Design B Motors118
Table 367: Baseline Motor Efficiencies for NEMA Design C
Motors119
Table 368: Default RHRS and CFs for Supply Fan Motors in
Commercial Buildings120
Table 369: Default RHRS and CFs for Chilled Water Pump (CHWP)
Motors in Commercial Buildings122
Table 370: Default RHRS and CFs for Cooling Tower Fan (CTF)
Motors in Commercial Buildings123
Table 371: Default RHRS and CFs for Heating Hot Water Pump
(HHWP) Motors in Commercial Buildings124
Table 372: Default RHRS and CFs for Condenser Water Pump Motors
in Commercial Buildings125
Table 373: Terms, Values, and References for VFDs128
Table 374: Default Load Profiles for HVAC Fans and Pumps129
Table 375: Supply/Return and Cooling Tower Fan Power Part Load
Ratios129
Table 376: HVAC Pump Power Part Load Ratios129
Table 377: Terms, Values, and References for ECM Circulating
Fans132
Table 378: Default Motor Efficiency by Motor Type133
Table 379: Terms, Values, and References for VSD on Kitchen
Exhaust Fans134
Table 380: Terms, Values, and References for ECM Circulator
Pumps138
Table 381: Terms, Values, and References for Premium Efficiency
Motors141
Table 382: Baseline Pump Energy Indicies142
Table 383: Typical water heating Gallons per Year and Energy to
Demand Factors144
Table 384: COP Adjustment Factors, Fadjust145
Table 385: Terms, Values, and References for Heat Pump Water
Heaters146
Table 386: Minimum Baseline Uniform Energy Factor Based on
Storage Volume146
Table 387: Default Energy Savings147
Table 388: Typical Energy to Demand Factors150
Table 389: Terms, Values, and References for Low Flow Pre-Rinse
Sprayers150
Table 390: Flow Rate and Usage Duration by Program151
Table 391: Low Flow Pre-Rinse Sprayer Default Savings151
Table 392: Terms, Values, and References for Commercial Water
Heater Fuel Switching154
Table 393: Minimum Baseline Uniform Energy Factor for Gas Water
Heaters155
Table 394: Water Heating Fuel Switch Energy Savings
Algorithms155
Table 395: Terms, Values, and References for High-Efficiency
Refrigeration/Freezer Cases157
Table 396: Refrigeration & Freezer Case Efficiencies158
Table 397: Terms, Values, and References for High-Efficiency
Evaporator Fan Motors160
Table 398: Terms, Values, and References for Evaporator Fan
Controllers163
Table 399: Terms, Values, and References for Floating Head
Pressure Controls166
Table 3100: Annual Savings kWh/HP by Location167
Table 3101: Default Condenser Type Annual Savings kWh/HP by
Location167
Table 3102: Terms, Values, and References for Anti-Sweat Heater
Controls170
Table 3103: Per Door Savings with ASDH171
Table 3104: Terms, Values, and References for Evaporator Coil
Defrost Controls172
Table 3105: Terms, Values, and References for VSD
Compressors175
Table 3106: Terms, Values, and References for Strip
Curtains177
Table 3107: Doorway Area Assumptions177
Table 3108: Default Energy Savings and Demand Reductions for
Strip Curtains per Square Foot177
Table 3109: Terms, Values, and References for Night
Covers179
Table 3110: Savings Factors179
Table 3111: Terms, Values, and References for Auto
Closers182
Table 3112: Refrigeration Auto Closers Default Savings182
Table 3113: Terms, Values, and References for Door
Gaskets183
Table 3114: Door Gasket Savings Per Door for Walk-in and
Reach-in Coolers and Freezers184
Table 3115: Terms, Values, and References for Special Doors with
Low or No Anti-Sweat Heat186
Table 3116: Terms, Values, and References for Insulate Bare
Refrigeration Suction Pipes188
Table 3117: Insulate Bare Refrigeration Suction Pipes Savings
per Linear Foot188
Table 3118: Terms, Values, and References for Refrigerated
Display Cases with Doors Replacing Open Cases189
Table 3119: Terms, Values, and References for Adding Doors to
Refrigerated Display Cases191
Table 3120: Terms, Values, and References for Air-Cooled
Refrigeration Condensers193
Table 3121: Default Savings for Air-Cooled Refrigeration
Condensers194
Table 3122: Terms, Values, and References for Refrigerated Case
Light Occupancy Sensors195
Table 3123: Default energy and demand savings values, per watt
of controlled lighting196
Table 3124: Terms, Values, and References for Refrigeration
Economizers198
Table 3125: Hours and kWh Savings per HP for Refrigeration
Economizers199
Table 3126: Terms, Values, and References for Commercial Clothes
Washers204
Table 3127: Fuel Shares for Water Heaters and Dryers205
Table 3128: Default Savings for Replacing Top-Loading Clothes
Washer in Multifamily Buildings with ENERGY STAR Clothes
Washer206
Table 3129: Default Savings for Replacing Front-Loading Clothes
Washer in Multifamily Buildings with ENERGY STAR Clothes
Washer206
Table 3130: Default Savings for Replacing Top-Loading Clothes
Washer in Laundromats with ENERGY STAR Clothes Washer206
Table 3131: Default Savings for Replacing Front-Loading Clothes
Washer in Laundromats with ENERGY STAR Clothes Washer207
Table 3132: Criteria for ENERGY STAR Certified Residential
Bathroom Fans Source 2208
Table 3133: Terms, Values, and References for ENERGY STAR
Bathroom Ventilation Fans209
Table 3134: Default Savings for ENERGY STAR Bathroom Ventilation
Fans in Commercial Applications209
Table 3135: Terms, Values, and References for High-Efficiency
Ice Machines212
Table 3136: Batch-Type Ice Machine Baseline Efficiencies212
Table 3137: Continuous Type Ice Machine Baseline
Efficiencies213
Table 3138: Batch-Type Ice Machine ENERGY STAR
Efficiencies213
Table 3139: Continuous Type Ice Machine ENERGY STAR
Efficiencies214
Table 3140: Terms, Values, and References for Beverage Machine
Controls216
Table 3141: Default Savings for Beverage Machine Controls216
Table 3142: Terms, Values, and References for Snack Machine
Controls218
Table 3143: Terms, Values, and References for ENERGY STAR
Electric Steam Cookers221
Table 3144: Default Values for Electric Steam Cookers by Number
of Pans222
Table 3145: Combination Oven Eligibility Requirements224
Table 3146: Terms, Values, and References for ENERGY STAR
Combination Ovens225
Table 3147: Default Baseline and Efficient-Case Values for
ElecEFF226
Table 3148: Default Baseline Values for ElecIDLE226
Table 3149: Default Baseline Values for ElecPC226
Table 3150: Default Efficient-Case Values for ElecPC227
Table 3151: Terms, Values, and References for ENERGY STAR
Commercial Electric Convection Ovens229
Table 3152: Electric Oven Performance Metrics: Baseline and
Efficient Default Values230
Table 3153: Default Unit Savings and Demand Reduction for ENERGY
STAR Commercial Electric Convection Ovens.230
Table 3154: Terms, Values, and References for ENERGY STAR
Commercial Fryers232
Table 3155: Electric Fryer Performance Metrics: Baseline and
Efficient Default Values233
Table 3156: Default for ENERGY STAR Commercial Electric
Fryers233
Table 3157: Terms, Values, and References for ENERGY STAR
Commercial Hot Food Holding Cabinets235
Table 3158: Hot Food Holding Cabinet Performance Metrics:
Default Baseline and Efficient Value Equations235
Table 3159: Terms, Values, and References for ENERGY STAR
Commercial Dishwashers238
Table 3160: Default Inputs for ENERGY STAR Commercial
Dishwasher239
Table 3161: Default Energy Savings for ENERGY STAR Commercial
Dishwashers239
Table 3162: Terms, Values, and References for ENERGY STAR
Griddles242
Table 3163: Default Savings for ENERGY STAR Griddles243
Table 3164: Terms, Values, and References for Wall and Ceiling
Insulation245
Table 3165: Initial R-Values246
Table 3166: Terms, Values, and References for ENERGY STAR Office
Equipment249
Table 3167: ENERGY STAR Office Equipment Measure Life250
Table 3168: ENERGY STAR Office Equipment Energy and Demand
Savings Values251
Table 3169: Terms, Values, and References for ENERGY STAR Office
Equipment254
Table 3170: Network Power Controls, Per Unit Summary
Table254
Table 3171: Terms, Values, and References for Smart Strip Plug
Outlets257
Table 3172: Impact Factors for APS Strip Types257
Table 3173: Default Savings for APS Strip Types257
Table 3174: Terms, Values, and References for ENERGY STAR
Servers260
Table 3175: ENERGY STAR Server Utilization Default
Assumptions260
Table 3176: ENERGY STAR Server Ratio of Idle Power to Full Load
Power Factors260
Table 3177: Terms, Values, and References for Server
Virtualization264
Table 3178: Server Utilization Default Assumptions264
Table 3179: ENERGY STAR Server Ratio of Idle Power to Full Load
Power Factors265
Table 3180: Terms, Values, and References for Cycling
Refrigerated Thermal Mass Dryers268
Table 3181: Default Hours and Coincidence Factors by Shift
Type268
Table 3182: Default Savings per HP for Cycling Refrigerated
Thermal Mass Dryers269
Table 3183: Terms, Values, and References for Air-entraining Air
Nozzles271
Table 3184: Baseline Nozzle Mass Flow271
Table 3185: Air Entraining Nozzle Mass Flow271
Table 3186: Average Compressor kW / CFM (COMP)272
Table 3187: Default Hours and Coincidence Factors by Shift
Type272
Table 3188: Terms, Values, and References for No-loss Condensate
Drains275
Table 3189: Average Air Loss Rates (ALR)276
Table 3190: Average Compressor kW/CFM (COMP)276
Table 3191: Adjustment Factor (AF)277
Table 3192: Default Hours and Coincidence Factors by Shift
Type277
Table 3193: Terms, Values, and References for Air Tanks for
Load/No Load Compressors280
Table 3194: Default Hours and Coincidence Factors by Shift
Type280
Table 3195: Default Savings per HP for Air Tanks for Load/No
Load Compressors281
Table 3196: Terms, Values, and References for Variable-Speed
Drive Air Compressors283
Table 3197: Default Hours and Coincidence Factors by Shift
Type283
Table 3198: Default Savings per HP for Variable-Speed Drive Air
Compressors284
Table 3199: Terms, Values, and References for Compressed Air
Controllers286
Table 3200: Default Hours and Coincidence Factors by Shift
Type286
Table 3201: Default Savings per HP for Compressed Air
Controllers287
Table 3202: Terms, Values, and References for Compressed Air Low
Pressure Drop Filters288
Table 3203: Default Hours and Coincidence Factors by Shift
Type289
Table 3204: Default Savings per HP for Compressed Air Low
Pressure Drop Filters289
Table 3205: Terms, Values, and References for Compressed Air
Mist Eliminators292
Table 3206: Default Hours and Coincidence Factors by Shift
Type293
Table 3207: Default Savings per HP for Compressed Air Mist
Eliminators293
Table 3208: Terms, Values, and References for High Efficiency
Transformers296
Table 3209: Baseline Efficiencies for Low-Voltage Dry-Type
Distribution Transformers296
Table 3210: Terms, Values, and References for Engine Block
Heater Timer298
Table 3211: Default Savings for Engine Block Heater Timer299
Table 3212: Terms, Values, and References for High Frequency
Battery Chargers301
Table 3213: Default Values for Number of Charges Per Year302
Table 3214: Default Savings for High Frequency Battery
Charging302
Table 3215: Terms, Values, and References for C&I Load
Curtailment306
Table 41: Terms, Values, and References for Automatic Milker
Takeoffs307
Table 42: Terms, Values, and References for Dairy Scroll
Compressors310
Table 43: Terms, Values, and References for Ventilation
Fans313
Table 44: Default values for standard and high efficiency
ventilation fans for dairy and swine facilities313
Table 45: Default Hours for Ventilation Fans by Facility Type by
Location (No Thermostat)314
Table 46: Default Hours for Ventilation Fans by Facility Type by
Location (With Thermostat)314
Table 47: Terms, Values, and References for Heat
Reclaimers317
Table 48: Terms, Values, and References for HVLS Fans319
Table 49: Default Values for Conventional and HVLS Fan
Wattages320
Table 410: Default Hours by Location for Dairy/Poultry/Swine
Applications320
Table 411: Terms, Values, and References for Livestock
Waterers321
Table 412: Terms, Values, and References for VSD Controller on
Dairy Vacuum Pump324
Table 413: Terms, Values, and References for Low Pressure
Irrigation Systems327
State of Pennsylvania – Technical Reference Manual Vol. 3: – Rev
Date: Dec 2018 April 2019
Commercial and Industrial Measures
Contents
Page x
This Page Intentionally Left Blank
2021 TECHNICAL REFERENCE MANUAL
Page xi
Commercial and Industrial Measures
The following section of the TRM contains savings protocols for
commercial and industrial measures.
LightingLighting Improvements
Measure Name
Lighting Fixture Improvements
Target Sector
Commercial and Industrial Establishments
Measure Unit
Lighting Equipment
Unit Energy Savings
Variable
Unit Peak Demand Reduction
Variable
Measure Life
Variable[footnoteRef:2]New Linear Fluorescent Fixture: 15 years
[2: ]
Lamp Only: LED, Screw-in: 15 years
Lamp Only: Induction Lamps: 6 years
Lamp Only: Metal Halide Lamps: 6 years
Lamp Only: High Pressure Sodium Lamps: 12 years
Lamp Only: Mercury Vapor Lamps: 6 years
Lamp Only: T8 Lamps: 10 years
Lamp Only: LED, Linear, Type A: 5 years
Lamp Only: LED, Linear, Type B: 15 years
Lamp Only: LED, Linear, Type C: 15 years
Permanent Fixture Removal: 13 years
Permanent Lamp Removal: 11 years Source 1
Measure Vintage
Early Replacement or Permanent Removal
Eligibility
Lighting improvements include fixture or lamp and ballast
replacement and/or permanent removal in existing commercial and
industrial customers’ facilities.[footnoteRef:3] Installed and
removed lamps and fixtures are broken down into two distinct types
based on common load shapes: Screw-based and Other General Service.
Screw-based bulbs consist of self-ballasted incandescent, halogen,
CFL, and LED bulbs; Other General Service Lighting consists of all
other fixture and lamp types, including but not limited to linear
fluorescents, metal halides, high intensity discharge lamps, and
hardwired/pin-based CFLs and LEDs. [3: Permanent fixture and lamp
removal savings do not include replacements. Customers are
responsible for determining whether permanent fixture and/or lamp
removal will maintain or exceed minimum lighting requirements.
Recommended light levels are provided by the Illuminating
Engineering Society of North America (IESNA).]
To be eligible for savings from permanent fixture and lamp
removal, customer must have permanently removed unneeded,
functional light fixtures, lamps, lamp holders, and/or ballasts in
accordance with local regulations. The removal of non-operational
equipment is not eligible for the defined savings.
Permanent lamp removal includes the permanent removal of
existing 8’, 4’, 3’ and 2’ T8 fluorescent lamps. The savings are
defined on a per-removed-lamp basis and don’t include savings from
lamp replacements.
Note that the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (“EPACT 2005”) and
Energy Independence and Security Act (“EISA”) 2007 standards, and
subsequent federal rulemakings, introduced new efficacy standards
for linear fluorescent bulbs and ballasts, effectively phasing out
magnetic ballasts (effective October 1, 2010) and most T-12 bulbs
(effective July 14, 2012). This inducesinduced a shift in what a
participant would have purchased in the absence of the program
because T-12 bulbs on magnetic ballasts are no longer viable
options and, therefore, adjusts the baseline assumption. With this
understanding, standard T-8s will becomebecame the baseline for all
T-12 linear fluorescent retrofits beginning June 1, 2016 (PY8). The
EISA 2007 standards for general service fluorescent bulbs are
provided in . The comparable baseline for any removed standard T-12
fixture will be the T-8 fixture of the same length and lamp count.
The comparable baseline for any removed high-output T-12 fixture
will be the T-8 fixture of the same length and lamp count with a
ballast factor equal to 0.98. The assumed T-8 baseline fixtures and
wattages associated with the most common T-12 fixture
configurations are presented in Table 31. For small business direct
install programs where wattage of the existing T-12 fixture is
known, and the existing fixture was in working condition, wattage
of the existing fixture removed by the program may be used as the
baseline wattage in lieu of the table below. In such cases, the
lighting equipment must be replaced directly by an ICSP and not a
lighting trade ally.
Table 31: EISA 2007 Standards for General Service Fluorescent
Bulbs[footnoteRef:4] [4: HYPERLINK
"http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/BILLS-110hr6enr/pdf/BILLS-110hr6enr.pdf"
]
Lamp Type
Nominal Lamp Wattage
Minimum (Color Rendering Index) CRI
Minimum Average Lamp Efficacy (LPW)
4-foot medium bi-pin
>35 W
69
75.0
≤35 W
45
75.0
2-foot U-shaped
>35 W
69
68.0
≤35 W
45
64.0
8-foot slimline
65 W
69
80.0
≤65 W
45
80.0
8-foot high output
>100 W
69
80.0
≤100 W
45
80.0
Table 32: Assumed T-8 Baseline Fixtures for Removed T-12
Fixtures
T-12 Lamp Length
T-12 Lamp Type
T-12 Lamp Count
Assumed T-8 Baseline Fixture Code
Assumed T-8 Baseline Wattage
24”
Standard
1
F21ILL
20
24”
Standard
2
F22ILL
33
24”
Standard
3
F23ILL
47
24”
Standard
4
F24ILL
61
36”
Standard
1
F31ILL
26
36”
Standard
2
F32ILL
46
36”
Standard
3
F33ILL
67
36”
Standard
4
F34ILL
87
48”
Standard
1
F41ILL
31
48”
Standard
2
F42ILL
59
48”
Standard
3
F43ILL
89
48”
Standard
4
F44ILL
112
48”
Standard
6
F46ILL
175
48”
Standard
8
F48ILL
224
60”
Standard
1
F51ILL
36
60”
Standard
2
F52ILL
72
72”
Standard
1
F61ILL
55
72”
Standard
2
F62ILL
111
96”
Standard
1
F81ILL
58
96”
Standard
2
F82ILL
109
96”
Standard
3
F83ILL
167
96”
Standard
4
F84ILL
219
96”
Standard
6
F86ILL
328
96”
High-Output
1
F81LHL
85
96”
High-Output
2
F82LHL
160
96”
High-Output
3
F83LHL
253
96”
High-Output
4
F84LHL
320
96”
High-Output
6
F86LHL
506
Similarly, the EISA “backstop” provision introduced new efficacy
standards for general service lamps (effective January 1, 2020)
effectively requiring a minimum efficacy of 45 lm/W for most
general service lamps. This induced a shift in what a participant
would have purchased in the absence of the program because standard
and halogen incandescent lamps are no longer viable options and,
therefore, adjusts the baseline assumption. With this
understanding, a generic general service lamp with an efficacy of
45 lm/W will become the assumed baseline for the majority of
incandescent lamp retrofits beginning January 1,
2020.[footnoteRef:5] The comparable baseline for any removed
incandescent lamps will be a generic general service lamp with
similar lumen output. The assumed generic general service lamp
baseline lamps/fixtures and wattages associated with the most
common incandescent lamp/fixture configurations are presented in
Table 32. [5: By definition, general service lamps are limited to
lamps with initial lumen output of greater than or equal to 310
lumens and less than or equal to 3,300 lumens, so very low and high
output lamps are unaffected by this baseline shift.]
Table 32: Assumed Generic GSL Baseline Lamps/Fixtures for
Removed Incandescent Lamps/Fixtures
Removed Lamp/Fixture Description
Lamp Count
BaselineFixture Code
Assumed Baseline Fixture Wattage
Incandescent, (1) 34W lamp
1
GSL8/1
8
Incandescent, (1) 40W ES lamp
1
GSL8/1
8
Incandescent, (1) 40W ES/LL lamp
1
GSL8/1
8
Incandescent, (1) 36W lamp
1
GSL8/1
8
Incandescent, (1) 40W lamp
1
GSL10/1
10
Incandescent, (1) 42W lamp
1
GSL11/1
11
Incandescent, (1) 45W lamp
1
GSL11/1
11
Incandescent, (1) 50W lamp
1
GSL13/1
13
Incandescent, (1) 52W lamp
1
GSL13/1
13
Incandescent, (1) 60W ES lamp
1
GSL13/1
13
Incandescent, (1) 60W ES/LL lamp
1
GSL13/1
13
Incandescent, (1) 54W lamp
1
GSL14/1
14
Incandescent, (1) 55W lamp
1
GSL14/1
14
Incandescent, (1) 60W lamp
1
GSL17/1
17
Incandescent, (1) 65W lamp
1
GSL18/1
18
Incandescent, (1) 67W lamp
1
GSL19/1
19
Incandescent, (1) 75W ES lamp
1
GSL19/1
19
Incandescent, (1) 75W ES/LL lamp
1
GSL19/1
19
Incandescent, (1) 69W lamp
1
GSL19/1
19
Incandescent, (1) 72W lamp
1
GSL20/1
20
Incandescent, (1) 75W lamp
1
GSL23/1
23
Incandescent, (1) 80W lamp
1
GSL25/1
25
Incandescent, (1) 85W lamp
1
GSL26/1
26
Incandescent, (1) 100W ES lamp
1
GSL28/1
28
Incandescent, (1) 100W ES/LL lamp
1
GSL28/1
28
Incandescent, (1) 90W lamp
1
GSL28/1
28
Incandescent, (1) 93W lamp
1
GSL29/1
29
Incandescent, (1) 95W lamp
1
GSL30/1
30
Incandescent, (1) 100W lamp
1
GSL33/1
33
Incandescent, (1) 120W lamp
1
GSL40/1
40
Incandescent, (1) 125W lamp
1
GSL44/1
44
Incandescent, (1) 135W lamp
1
GSL48/1
48
Incandescent, (1) 150W ES lamp
1
GSL48/1
48
Incandescent, (1) 150W ES/LL lamp
1
GSL48/1
48
Incandescent, (1) 150W lamp
1
GSL58/1
58
Incandescent, (1) 170W lamp
1
GSL66/1
66
Incandescent, (2) 34W lamp
2
GSL8/2
16
Incandescent, (2) 40W lamp
2
GSL10/2
20
Incandescent, (2) 50W lamp
2
GSL13/2
26
Incandescent, (2) 52W lamp
2
GSL13/2
26
Incandescent, (2) 54W lamp
2
GSL14/2
28
Incandescent, (2) 55W lamp
2
GSL14/2
28
Incandescent, (2) 60W lamp
2
GSL17/2
34
Incandescent, (2) 65W lamp
2
GSL18/2
36
Incandescent, (2) 67W lamp
2
GSL19/2
38
Incandescent, (2) 75W lamp
2
GSL23/2
46
Incandescent, (2) 90W lamp
2
GSL28/2
56
Incandescent, (2) 95W lamp
2
GSL30/2
60
Incandescent, (2) 100W lamp
2
GSL33/2
66
Incandescent, (2) 120W lamp
2
GSL40/2
80
Incandescent, (2) 135W lamp
2
GSL48/2
96
Incandescent, (2) 150W lamp
2
GSL58/2
116
Incandescent, (3) 60W lamp
3
GSL17/3
51
Incandescent, (3) 67W lamp
3
GSL19/3
57
Incandescent, (3) 75W lamp
3
GSL23/3
69
Incandescent, (3) 90W lamp
3
GSL28/3
84
Incandescent, (3) 100W lamp
3
GSL33/3
99
Incandescent, (4) 60W lamp
4
GSL17/4
68
Incandescent, (4) 75W lamp
4
GSL23/4
92
Incandescent, (4) 100W lamp
4
GSL33/4
132
Incandescent, (5) 60W lamp
5
GSL17/5
85
Incandescent, (5) 100W lamp
5
GSL33/5
165
Halogen Incandescent, (1) 35W lamp
1
GSL12/1
12
Halogen Incandescent, (1) 40W lamp
1
GSL14/1
14
Halogen Incandescent, (1) 42W lamp
1
GSL14/1
14
Halogen Incandescent, (1) 45W lamp
1
GSL17/1
17
Halogen Incandescent, (1) 50W lamp
1
GSL19/1
19
Halogen Incandescent, (1) 52W lamp
1
GSL20/1
20
Halogen Incandescent, (1) 55W lamp
1
GSL24/1
24
Halogen Incandescent, (1) 60W lamp
1
GSL26/1
26
Halogen Incandescent, (1) 72W lamp
1
GSL33/1
33
Halogen Incandescent, (1) 75W lamp
1
GSL34/1
34
Halogen Incandescent, (1) 90W lamp
1
GSL41/1
41
Halogen Incandescent, (1) 100W lamp
1
GSL46/1
46
Halogen Incandescent, (1) 150W lamp
1
GSL69/1
69
Halogen Incandescent, (2) 45W lamp
2
GSL17/2
34
Halogen Incandescent, (2) 50W lamp
2
GSL19/2
38
Halogen Incandescent, (2) 55W lamp
2
GSL24/2
48
Halogen Incandescent, (2) 75W lamp
2
GSL34/2
68
Halogen Incandescent, (2) 90W lamp
2
GSL41/2
82
Halogen Incandescent, (2) 150W lamp
2
GSL69/2
138
See Appendix E for general eligibility requirements for solid
state lighting products in commercial and industrial
applications.
Algorithms
For all lighting fixture improvements (without control
improvements), the following algorithms apply:
Definition of Terms
Table 33: VariablesTerms, Values, and References for
RetrofitLightingLighting Improvements
Term
Unit
Values
Source
,, Connected load of the baseline lighting as defined by project
classification
kW
See Fixture Identities in Appendix C
For Permanent Lamp Removal: Table 310
Appendix C
14
,, Connected load of the post-retrofit or energy–efficient
lighting system
kW
See Fixture Identities in Appendix C
For Permanent Fixture and/or Lamp Removal,
Appendix C
,, Savings factor for existing lighting control (percent of time
the lights are off)
None
EDC Data Gathering
EDC Data Gathering
Default: See Table 34
See Table 34
, Demand Coincidence factor
Decimal
EDC Data Gathering
EDC Data Gathering
Default Screw-based Bulbs: See Table 35
Default Other General Service:
See Table 36
See Table 35 and Table 36
, Hours of Use – the average annual operating hours of the
baseline lighting equipment, which if applied to full connected
load will yield annual energy use.
EDC Data Gathering
EDC Data Gathering
Default Screw-based Bulbs: Table 35
Default Other General Service: Table 36
SeeDefault Street Lighting: Table 37
Table 35, Table 36See , and Table 37
, Interactive Energy Factor – applies to C&I interior
lighting in space that has air conditioning, electric space hating,
or refrigeration. This represents the secondary energy impacts
which results from the decreased waste heat from efficient
lighting.
None
Default: Table 38 and Table 39
Table 38 and Table 39
,, Interactive EnergyDemand Factor – applies to C&I interior
lighting in space that has air conditioning or refrigeration only.
This represents the secondary energydemand savings in cooling
required which results from the decreased indoorwaste heat from
efficient lighting wattage.
None
Default: Table 38 and Table 39
Table 38 and Table 39
Default:
See REF _Ref411601259 \h \* MERGEFORMAT Table 38 and REF
_Ref413751106 \h \* MERGEFORMAT Table 39
REF _Ref411601259 \h \* MERGEFORMAT Table 383,8 REF
_Ref413751106 \h \* MERGEFORMAT Table 39
, Interactive Demand Factor – applies to C&I interior
lighting in space that has air conditioning or refrigeration only.
This represents the secondary demand savings in cooling required
which results from decreased indoor lighting wattage.
None
Default:
See REF _Ref411601259 \h \* MERGEFORMAT Table 38 and REF
_Ref413751106 \h \* MERGEFORMAT Table 39
REF _Ref411601259 \h \* MERGEFORMAT Table 383,8 REF
_Ref413751106 \h \* MERGEFORMAT Table 39
Other factors required to calculate savings are shown in Table
34, Table 35, Table 36, Table 37, Table 38, and Table 39. Note that
if HOU is stated and verified by logging lighting hours of use
groupings, actual hours should be applied. In addition, the
site-specific CF must be used to calculate peak demand savings if
actual hours are used. The IF factors shown in Table 38 and Table
39 are to be used only when the facilities are air conditioned and
only for fixtures in conditioned or refrigerated space. The HOU for
refrigerated spaces are to be estimated or logged separately.
Table 34: Savings Control Factors Assumptions[footnoteRef:6] [6:
Subject to verification by EDC Evaluation or SWE.]
Strategy
Definition
Technology
Savings %
SourcesSource
Switch
Manual On/Off Switch
Light Switch
0%
1,2,3
Occupancy
Adjusting light levels according to the presence of
occupants
Occupancy Sensors
24%
Time Clocks
24%
Energy Management System
24%
Daylighting
Adjusting light levels automatically in response to the presence
of natural light
Photosensors
28%
Time Clocks
28%
Personal Tuning
Adjusting individual light levels by occupants according to
their personal preferences; applies, for example, to private
offices, workstation-specific lighting in open-plan offices, and
classrooms
Dimmers
31%
Wireless on-off switches
31%
Bi-level switches
31%
Computer based controls
31%
Pre-set scene selection
31%
Institutional Tuning
Adjustment of light levels through commissioning and technology
to meet location specific needs or building policies; or provision
of switches or controls for areas or groups of occupants; examples
of the former include high-end trim dimming (also known as ballast
tuning or reduction of ballast factor), task tuning and lumen
maintenance
Dimmable ballasts
36%
On-off or dimmer switches for non-personal tuning
36%
Multiple Types
Includes combination of any of the types described above.
Occupancy and personal tuning, daylighting and occupancy are most
common.
Occupancy and personal tuning/ daylighting and occupancy
38%
Table 35: Lighting HOU and CF by Building Type for Screw-Based
Bulbs
Building Type
HOU
CF
Source
Education
2,944
0.39
86
Exterior (All Building Types)
3,833604
0.0011
53
Grocery
7,798
0.99
86
Health
2,476
0.47
86
Industrial Manufacturing – 1 Shift
2,857
0.5796
4,63, 5
Industrial Manufacturing – 2 Shift
4,730
0.5796
4,63, 5
Industrial Manufacturing – 3 Shift
6,631
0.5796
4,63, 5
Institutional/Public Service
1,456
0.23
86
Lodging
2,925
0.38
86
Miscellaneous/Other
2,001
0.33
86
Multi-Family Common Areas
5,950
0.6273
1614
Office
1,420
0.26
86
Parking Garages
6,5528,678
0.62*98
4,73
Restaurant
3,054
0.55
86
Retail
2,383
0.56
86
Street Lighting[footnoteRef:7] [7: Street Lighting” is generally
municipally owned, operates from dusk to dawn, and is not connected
to a specific facility. “Exterior Lighting” is connected to a
specific facility and does not always operate from dusk to dawn. If
an exterior lighting project cannot demonstrate that the lighting
operates from dusk to dawn, the “Exterior Lighting” HOU should be
used. However, if the exterior lighting operates from dusk to dawn,
the “Street Lighting” HOU are the appropriate HOU.]
See Table 37
0.00
See Table 37
Warehouse
2,815
0.50
86
* 0.62 represents the simple average of all coincidence factors
listed in the 2012 Mid-Atlantic TRM
Table 36: Lighting HOU and CF by Building Type for Other General
Service Lighting
Building Type
HOU
CF
Source
Education
2,371
0.45
86
Exterior (All Building Types)
3,833604
0.0011
53
Grocery
6,471
0.93
86
Health
2,943
0.52
86
Industrial/Manufacturing - 1 Shift
2,857
0.5796
63, 5
Industrial/Manufacturing - 2 Shift
4,730
0.5796
63, 5
Industrial/Manufacturing - 3 Shift
6,631
0.5796
63, 5
Institutional/Public Service
1,419
0.23
86
Lodging
3,579
0.45
86
Miscellaneous/Other
2,830
0.58
86
Multi-Family Common Areas
5,950
0.6273
1614
Office
2,294
0.48
86
Parking Garage
6,5528,678
0.62*98
73
Restaurant
4,747
0.77
86
Retail
2,915
0.66
86
Street Lighting[footnoteRef:8] [8: Ibid.]
See Table 37
0.00
See Table 37
Warehouse
2,545
0.48
86
* 0.62 represents the simple average of all coincidence factors
listed in the 2012 Mid-Atlantic TRM
Table 37: Street lighting HOU by EDC
EDC
HOU
Source
Duquesne
4,200
97
PECO
4,100
108
PPL
4,300
119
Met-Ed
4,200
1210
Penelec
4,200
1311
Penn Power
4,070
1412
West Penn Power
4,200
1513
Table 38: Interactive Factors for All Bulb Types
Term
Unit
Values
Source
None
Comfort Cooled = See Table 39
86
Freezer spaces (-35 °F – 20 °F) = 0.50
34
Medium-temperature refrigerated spaces (20 °F – 40 °F) =
0.29
High-temperature refrigerated spaces (40 °F – 60 °F) = 0.18
Un-cooled space = 0
None
Comfort Cooled = See Table 39
86
Freezer spaces (-35 °F – 20 °F) = 0.50
34
Medium-temperature refrigerated spaces (20 °F – 40 °F) =
0.29
High-temperature refrigerated spaces (40 °F – 60 °F) = 0.18
Un-cooled space = 0
Table 39: Interactive Factors for Comfort Cooled Spaces for All
Building Types
Heating Fuel
Non-Electric Heat
0.031
0.192
Electric Heat
-0.142
0.192
Unknown
0.000
0.192
Table 310: Connected Load of the Baseline Lighting
Lamp Length
Wattage Removed (kWbase) per Lamp
T8
8-foot
0.0386
4-foot
0.0194
3-foot
0.0146
2-foot
0.0098
Default Savings
There are no default savings associated with this measure.
Evaluation Protocols
Methods for Determining Baseline Conditions
The following are acceptable methods for determining baseline
conditions when verification by direct inspection is not possible
as may occur in a rebate program where customers submit an
application and equipment receipts only after installing efficient
lighting equipment, or for a retroactive project as allowed by Act
129. In order of preference:
· Examination of replaced lighting equipment that is still on
site waiting to be recycled or otherwise disposed of
· Examination of replacement lamp and ballast inventories where
the customer has replacement equipment for the retrofitted fixtures
in stock. The inventory must be under the control of the customer
or customer’s agent
· Interviews with and written statements from customers,
facility managers, building engineers or others with firsthand
knowledge about purchasing and operating practices at the affected
site(s) identifying the lamp and ballast configuration(s) of the
baseline condition
· Interviews with and written statements from the project’s
lighting contractor or the customer’s project coordinator
identifying the lamp and ballast configuration(s) of the baseline
equipment
Detailed Inventory Form
A detailed lighting inventory is required for all lighting
improvement projects. The lighting inventory form will use the
algorithms presented above to derive the total ΔkW and ΔkWh savings
for each installed measure. Within a single project, to the extent
there are multiple combinations of control strategies (SVG), hours
of use (HOU), coincidence factors (CF) or interactive factors (IF),
the will be broken out to account for these different factors. This
will be accomplished using Appendix C, a Microsoft Excel inven
