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COMMERCIAL LIGHTING CONTROL ENERGY CODE: ASHRAE AND IECC -BCS120
January 2016
Member Since 2003
Partner Since 1998
Brought to you by:
Thank You!
• Wattstopper is a Registered Provider with The American
Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems. Credit
earned on completion of this program will be reported to CES
Records for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for non-
AIA members are available on request.
• This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing
professional education. As such, it does not include content
that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or
endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any
method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in
any material or product. Questions related to specific
materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the
conclusion of this presentation.
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3
Learning Objectives
1. Review codes: Why, Benefits, Scope
2. Learn how codes are adopted for jurisdictions
3. Understand lighting control requirements for
ASHRAE 90.1 and IECC, comparing to prior
versions
4. Learn application examples
5. Summarize code changes for ASHRAE 90.1 and
IECC
4
Why Important?
Future Energy Questions
• Energy Security
• Capacity constraints
• Availability of non-renewable sources
Environmental Efforts
• Green house gas reduction
• Sustainable responsibility
• Clean Power Plans
• Zero net energy goals
• Dark Sky Initiative
• Created in response to 1970s energy and
economic crises
• 1978 – Federal legislation requires states to initiate
new building energy efficiency standards
• 1992 – Energy Policy Act (EPAct) – states must
review and consider adopting national model
energy efficiency standards
Source: http://bcap-ocean.org/energycodes101
Where Do Energy Codes Come From?
5
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What are Energy Codes?
• Building efficiency subset of building codes
• Do not exist to protect building occupants like
building codes protect individuals from
substandard living and/or working conditions.
• Minimum energy efficiencies standards for
building design and construction.
• Stretch and Reach codes now being adopted in
many local jurisdictions to exceed code
requirements
Source: http://bcap-ocean.org/energycodes101
Energy Savings from Energy Codes
7
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Energy Code Benefits
Source: U.S. Department of Energy. www.energycodes.gov/training
9
What Do Building Energy Codes Cover?
• Building Envelope
• Mechanical
• Service Water Heating
• Electrical Power
• Lighting
Source: U.S. Department of Energy. www.energycodes.gov/training
10
Energy Codes - Individual State Adoption
1. Adopt, in entirety, a model energy code (IECC, ASHRAE 90.1)
2. Adopt a state developed energy code
3. Adopt model energy code and add state-specific
amendments
4. Adopt little or no energy codes (13 states have no code or code older than ASHRAE 90.1-2007/2009 IECC)
11
Energy Code Adoption Status
Source: http://bcapcodes.org/code-status/commercial/
As of January 2017
Building Code Assistance Project
www.bcapcodes.org
• National Model Energy Codes
- ASHRAE Standard 90.1
- 2004, 2007, 2010, 2013, 2016
- IECC
- 2004, 2006, 2009, 2012, 2015
• Example State Codes
- California (Title 24 part 6)
- Washington
• Example City Codes
- Seattle
- Albuquerque
Primary Energy Codes
12
Source: U.S. Department of Energy. www.energycodes.gov/training
Codes and the Building Process
13
• Energy codes are not static, constantly under revision
• Revision cycles usually run every three years
• Constantly improving building energy efficiency
Energy Code Cycles
14
• Prescriptive method (most common)
- Structure built to prescribed code requirements
with individual components (controls largely
prescriptive)
• Performance method
- Structure allocated an energy budget, use
different combinations of values and efficiencies
to meet budget.
- Overall energy performance of structure, not
individual components, is what matters.
Two Paths for Compliance
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Model Energy Codes and Lighting Controls
17
ASHRAE 90.1 IECC
2010 2013 2012 2015
Energy Code
Power Section 8 Section 8
Lighting Section 9 Section 9
Electrical Power and Lighting
SystemsSection C405 Section C405
Note: IECC references ASHRAE 90.1 as an alternative compliance path
for lighting control requirements
Overview - ASHRAE 90.1 and IECC
Threshold for Triggering Code
ASHRAE 90.1 IECC
2010
Sec 9.1
2013
Sec 9.1
2012
Sec C101.4.3
2015
Sec C101.
New construction, additions, space
occupancy change, HVAC addedX X X X
Alterations > 10% of connected
lighting load or if connected power
increases
X X
Alterations > 50% of connected
lighting load (IECC Sec C502)X X
18
19
Mandatory Lighting ControlsASHRAE 90.1 IECC
2010
Sec 9.4.1.2
2013
Sec 9.4.1.1.a
2012
Sec C405.2
2015
Sec C405.2
Lighting controls mandatory in all
commercial buildingsX X X X
Exceptions
Normally off emergency egress lighting X X X
Lighting within dwelling units X X X X
Designated security emergency areas or
required by health or safety regulationX X X
Interior exit stairways, ramps, passages X
20
Local/Manual ControlsASHRAE 90.1 IECC
2010
Sec 9.4.1.2
2013
Sec 9.4.1.1.a
2012
Sec C405.2
2015
Sec C405.2
Local space control must be an occupancy sensor,
time switch or dimmerX X
Local space control must be one or more manual
controlsX
Manual control in each space X X
Manual controls must be readily accessible, can
view lighting controlledX X X X
If controlled lighting not visible, status indicator and labeled
to identify controlled lighting requiredX X
For safety and security, remote control permissible
with pilot light and labeled to identify controlled
lighting.
X
(only public
lobby)
X
Control area ≤2500sqft if building ≤10,000sqft or
Control area ≤10,000sqft if building ≥10,000sqftX X
21
Light Reduction/Bilevel Control
ASHRAE 90.1 IECC
2010
Sec 9.4.1.2
* 2013
Sec 9.4.1.1.d
& Table 9.6.1
2012
Sec
C405.2.1.2
2015Sec
C405.2.2.2
Manual control allowing light reduction or
continuous dimming controlX (30-70%) X (30-70%) X (≥50%) X (≥50%)
Exceptions
Spaces with one luminaire or <100W X X X
Corridors, elect/mech/equip rooms,
lobbies, restrooms, stairways,
storerooms
X X X X
Space with LPD <0.6W/sq ft X X X
Daylit spaces with automatic daylighting
controlX X
Areas controlled by occupancy sensor X
Sleeping units X
*ASHRAE 90.1-2013 now uses Table 9.6.1 to indicate minimum control requirements by space type
22
23
Manual On / Partial Automatic On
ASHRAE 90.1 IECC
2010
Sec 9.4.1.2
* 2013
Sec 9.4.1.1
& Table 9.6.1
2012
Sec
C405.2.2.2
2015
Sec
C405.2.1.1
Spaces may be manual On or partial
auto On (≤ 50% lighting)X X X X
Exceptions:
Full auto on allowed – corridors,
stairwells, restroom, entrances,
lobbies
X X* X X
Where manual on would endanger
safety and securityX X
* ASHRAE 90.1-2013 uses Table 9.6.1 to indicate more specific requirements on common space types
Side Note: New York City ECC has amended their version of IECC 2015 and does not allow Partial
Automatic On for classrooms, conference rooms, breakrooms and offices <200SqFt. It does allow Full
Auto On for open plan offices.
24
Automatic Partial Lighting Shut Off
ASHRAE 90.1 IECC
2010
Sec 9.4.1.1
* 2013
Sec 9.4.1.1
2012
Sec C405.2
2015
Sec C505.2
Reduce lighting within 20min of
occupants leaving to at least 50%
required for listed spaces:
Exception 50% if all three met:
- LPD no more than 0.80 W/ft2
- Space lighted by HID
- reduced by ≥30% within 20min
- Stairwells
- Corridor
- Laboratory
- Lobbies
- Stairwells
- Storage rooms
>1000SqFt
- Library stacks
- Warehouses
Reduce lighting within 30min of
occupants leaving to not less than
50% required for listed spaces
- Warehouse aisles
- Warehouse open
areas
* ASHRAE 90.1-2013 uses Table 9.6.1 to indicate more specific requirements on common space types
NOTE: Automatic full off complies for partial off
25
Automatic Full Off (Occupancy Sensors) ASHRAE 90.1 IECC
2010
Sec 9.4.1.1
* 2013
Sec 9.4.1.1
2012
Sec C405.2
2015
Sec C405.2
Spaces requiring Automatic Full Off
control (referred to Occupancy Sensor
Controls in IECC)
Red text highlights spaces added
since the last code version
- Classroom
- Conference/train
- Lunch and break
- Offices ≤250SqFt
- Restroom
- Storage rooms
- Copy/print
- Locker rooms
- Classroom
- Conference/train
- Lunch and break
- Offices ≤250SqFt
- Restroom
- Storage rooms
- Copy/print
- Lounges
- Locker rooms
- Classroom
- Conference/train
- Lunch and break
- Private offices
- Restroom
- Storage rooms
- Janitorial closet
- Spaces≤300SqFt
- Classroom
- Conference/train
- Lunch and break
- Private offices
- Restroom
- Storage rooms
- Janitorial closet
- Spaces≤300SqFt
- Copy/print
- Lounges
- Locker rooms
- Warehouses
Within 30min of leaving space X X X
Within 20min of leaving space and
controlled area ≤5000SqFtX
Exceptions
24 hr operation, automatic shutoff
endangers safety/security, egressX X X X
Patient care areas X X X
Sleeping unit X X
Shop and Laboratory Classrooms X X X
26
Scheduled Shut-off / Time Switch ControlASHRAE 90.1 IECC
2010
Sec 9.4.1.1
* 2013
Sec 9.4.1.1
2012
Sec C405.2.2.1
2015
Sec C405.2.2.1
Time shut-off when space is scheduled
unoccupiedX X X X
Signal from other auto control device or security
system permissibleX X
Manual override maximum 2 hours for space
≤5000SqFtX X X
Manual override maximum 2 hours, ≤2500SqFt in
≤10,000SqFt space
≤10,000SqFt in >10,000SqFt spaceX
Exceptions
24 hr operation, automatic shutoff endangers
safety/security, egress and patient care areasX X X X
Sleeping unit X X
Shop and Laboratory Classrooms X X X
Malls, Arcades, auditoriums, single tenant retail,
industrial facilities, arenas:
- Override may be >2hrs if captive key
- Override area ≤20,000SqFt
X X
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Additional Control / Special Applications
ASHRAE 90.1 IECC
2010
Sec 9.4.1
2013
Sec 9.4.1.3
2012
Sec C405.2.2
2015
Sec C405.2.3
Lighting separately controlled:
- Display or accent lighting
- Lighting in display cases
- Plant growth, food warming
- Demonstration lighting
- Task lighting
X X X X
28
Daylight Responsive ControlsASHRAE 90.1 IECC
2010
Sec 9.4.1.4 &
9.4.1.5
2013
Sec 9.4.1.1
2012
Sec C405.2.2.3
& C402.3
2015
Sec C405.2.3
Daylight control triggering thresholdssidelight: > 250SqFt
toplight: > 900SqFt
sidelight: > 150W
toplight: > 150W
daylight zones w/ > 2
fixtures
sidelight: > 150W
toplight: > 150W
Daylight responsive controls must be
automaticX X X
Daylight controls can be either manual or
automaticX
Calibration adjustments accessible X X X X
Continuous dimming or three step control
points: 50-70%, 20-40%, OffX
Continuous dimming or two step control
points: 50-70%, 35%-OffX X
Continuous dimming ≤15% required in offices,
classrooms, labs, library reading roomsX
Controls must be capable to turn Off lighting in
daylight zoneX X
Automatic control of primary and secondary
sidelighting zones requiredX
29
Primary and Secondary Sidelight Area
Depth = HH
Primary
Sidelight Area
ASHRAE & IECC
ASHRAE 90.1-2013 (primary &
secondary)
• Depth of sidelight area is distance from floor
to top of window (HH=head height)
(unless it reaches obstruction 5’ or more
high)
• Width of sidelight area is window width +
0.5xHH on each side of window
IECC 2015
• Depth of sidelight area is distance from floor
to top of window (HH=head height)
• Width of sidelight area is window width +
2Ft
on each side of the window
Luminaries in the daylight area are to be controlled by daylight responsive controls
Half of
window head
height
(0.5xHH)ASHRA
E or 2FtIECC
Opaque break in
window of less than
one window head
height
Half of
window head
height
(0.5xHH)ASHRA
E or 2FtIECC
Secondary
Sidelight Area
ASHRAE 2013
only
Depth = HH
30
Skylight/Toplight Area
Luminaries in the daylight area are to be controlled by daylight responsive
controls
0.7xCH
Toplight Daylight Area
Sky -
light
IECC 2015, ASHRAE 90.1-2013
Daylight area under a
skylight is the opening
beneath the skylight plus
70% of the ceiling height
(CH) in each direction.
0.7xCH
See standards for further requirements on modification to daylight area
under skylights when obstructions are considered.
31
Daylight Responsive Controls (exceptions)ASHRAE 90.1 IECC
2010
Sec 9.4.1.4 &
9.4.1.5
2013
9.4.1.1.e, f
2012
Sec C405.2.2.3
& C402.3
2015
Sec C405.2.3
Exceptions
Sidelighting Exceptions
1. Obstruction 2x window height
than distance from window
2. Sidelight glazing <20SqFt2 or
effective aperture <0.11
3. Retail spaces
X1 X2
Toplighting Exceptions
1. Sunlight obstructed for
>1500hrs /year between
8am-4pm
2. Skylight visual transmit <0.42
or effective aperture <0.0061
3. Daylight area <200W in
climate zone 8
X1 X2
Patient care facilities, dwelling or
sleeping units, display, accent,
case, task, plant, food and
lighting demo equipment
X
32
Parking Garage Lighting ControlASHRAE 90.1 IECC
2010
Sec 9.4.1.3
2013
Sec 9.4.1.22012 2015
Automatic shutoff using scheduled control device, occupancy sensor
within 30 minutes or signal from another control or alarm systemX
Automatic shutoff using scheduled control device or signal from
another control or alarm systemX
Automatically reduce lighting power of each luminaire at least 30%
when no activity in a lighting zone (≤3,600SqFt) for <20 minutesX X
Daylight transition zone separately controlled to automatically turn
lighting on during daylight hours and off at sunsetX
Automatically reduce lighting power in response to daylight within 20
ft of any perimeter wall openingX X
Covered vehicle entrances/exists shall be separately controlled to
reduce lighting by 50% from sunset to sunriseX
Exceptions
Daylight transition zones and ramps without parking are exempt from
both 30% reduction and reduced lighting power within 20ft of
perimeter wall openings
X X
Applications using HID of 150 watts or less or Induction lamps are
exempt from 30% reduction requirementsX
33
Exterior Lighting ControlASHRAE 90.1 IECC
2010
Sec 9.4.1.7
2013
Sec 9.4.1.4
2012
Sec C405.6.1
2015
Sec C405.2.5
Exterior lighting automatically shut off when sufficient
daylight availableX X X X
Exterior lighting not designated dusk/dawn operation, must
incorporate a time switch controlX
Façade and landscape lighting automatically shut off
between midnight or business close (whichever later) and
6am or business open (whichever first) or times as
specified by local jurisdiction
X X
Façade and landscape lighting automatically shut off
between dawn/dusk and set open and close timeX
All other exterior lighting, and signage controlled to
automatically reduce lighting power by at least 30%:
Not later than midnight to 6AM or from one hour after
business close to one hour before opening or any period
when no activity detected for >15min
Exceptions
1. Covered vehicle entrances/exist for safety, security or
eye adaptation
2. Lighting integral to signage installed by the sign
manufacturer1
3. Emergency lighting normally off, lighting required for
health and life safety requirements2
X X1 X2
34
Hotel/Motel Guestroom ControlASHRAE 90.1 IECC
2010
Sec 9.4.1
2013
Sec 9.4.1.3
2012
Sec C405.2.2
2015
Sec C405.2.3
Hotel/motel guestrooms – master control at
entry for lights and switched receptaclesX X
Hotel/motel guestrooms – master control at
entry that automatically shuts off lights and
switched receptacles within 20min
X X
Exception to guestroom master control by
use of captive keyX X
Hotel/motel bathroom – automatically
shuts off lights within 60minX
Hotel/motel bathroom – automatically
shuts off lights within 30minX
35
Automatic Receptacle ControlASHRAE 90.1 IECC
2010
Sec 8.4.2
2013
Sec 8.4.22012 2015
Automatic shut off ≥50% receptacles in private offices,
open offices, computer classrooms, including modular
partitions
X
Automatic shut off ≥50% receptacles in private offices, conf
rooms, copy, break room, classrooms, individual
workstations
X
Automatic shut off ≥25% receptacles in modular furniture X
Receptacle control methods:
1. Scheduled controlling area ≤25,000SqFt1 or
≤5000SqFt2 (with manual override of up to two hours)2
2. Occupancy sensor shut off within 30 minutes1 or 20
minutes2 following non-occupancy of space
3. Signal from other control system (20min after
unoccupied)2
X1 X2
Controlled receptacles visually marked to differentiate from
non-controlled receptacles.X
Exceptions
Receptacles for 24-hour equipment operation. Spaces
where automatic shutoff would endanger the safety/securityX X
36
Additional Efficiency Requirement
ASHRAE 90.1 IECC
2010 20132012
Sec C406
2015
Sec C406
Must comply with ONE of the following options:
More efficient HVAC performance X X
Efficient lighting system with reduced lighting power density +
automatic daylighting control in specific space typesX
Reduced lighting power density by 10% X
Enhanced digital lighting controls must comply provide:
- Continuous dimming
- Individually addressable fixtures or within a group of four
- Daylighting fixtures limited to eight per zone
- Digital control with reconfiguration, load shed, and other reqs
- Construction documents include sequence of operation
- Functional testing required
X
On-site supply of renewable energy X X
Dedicated outdoor HVAC equipment X
High efficiency service water heating X
Red = lighting specific options
37
Functional Testing
ASHRAE 90.1 IECC
2010
Sec 9.4.42013
2012
Sec C408.3
2015
Sec C408.3
Confirm occupancy sensors acceptable performance
of placement, sensitivity, and settingsX X X X
Confirm time switches and schedule controls are
correctly programmed, functioning and documentedX X X X
Confirm daylighting responsive controls are properly
located, calibrated, accessible and function to adjust
lighting in response to available daylight
X X X X
Submit documentation certifying performance X X X X
ASHRAE 90.1-2013
• Occupancy sensor max time delay changed from 30 to 20 minutes.
Includes time delay for plug load and parking garage light level
reduction
• Now uses table 9.6.1 to indicated minimum control requirements and
trade-off for many common space types
• More areas included in receptacle control – classrooms, conference
rooms, copy rooms and 25% of receptacles in modular furniture
• More areas now require partial shut off of lighting when unoccupied
• Daylighting controls must now turn all the way Off and now includes a
secondary zone in sidelight areas.
• Hotel/Motel entry master control must shut lighting off within 20 minutes
• Covered vehicle entrance/exits must reduce lighting by 50% during
daylight
38
Key Changes Summary – Lighting Controls
2015 IECC
• Light reduction controls no longer exempt when occupancy sensors used,
with reduced LPD or in specific space types
• Automatic partial shut off control required in warehouse aisles and open
areas
• Areas requiring occupancy sensor shut off control expanded
• Daylight responsive controls must be automatic. Some spaces require
continuous dimming controls. Daylight responsive controls must be
capable of turning lighting all the way Off
• Façade and landscape lighting controlled to shut off at business open or
close. Other exterior lighting must reduce to less than 30% when area not
occupied.
• Hotel/Motel entry master control must shut off lighting within 20 minutes
• Three more options were added to the Additional Efficiency Packages
39
Key Changes Summary – Lighting Controls
• Market Drivers and History
• Energy Code Requirements
• Strategies to Meet Code
• New Code Requirements Summary
40
Review
DISCUSSION
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