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Self and PerceptionSelf and PerceptionChapter 3
TopicsTopicsSelf ConceptSelf AwarenessStages of perception“Impression Formation
processes”◦Barriers to effective perception
Increasing accuracy in perception
Self ConceptSelf ConceptHow you see yourself
Sources of Self ConceptSources of Self ConceptOthers’ images of youSocial comparisonCultural teachingsYour interpretations and
evaluations
Self AwarenessSelf AwarenessThe extent to which you know
yourselfJohari Model
◦Open self◦Blind self◦Hidden self◦Unknown self
Self EsteemSelf EsteemWhat is Self Esteem?Ways to improve self-esteem
Increasing Self AwarenessIncreasing Self AwarenessAsk yourselfListen to othersSeek informationSee your different selvesIncrease your open self
PerceptionPerceptionStagesImpression formationImpression management
Perception StagesPerception StagesStimulationOrganizationInterpretation / EvaluationMemoryRecall
1. Stimulation1. StimulationSensing stageSelective Perception: Cannot
process everything in the environment◦Selective Attention◦Selective Exposure
2. Organization2. OrganizationOrganize information sensedRules
◦Proximity◦Similarity◦Contrast
SchemataScripts – Schema focused on an
event
3. Interpretation3. InterpretationGive meaning to what you have
sensedMeaning will be based on how
information was organized
4. Memory4. MemoryExperience will enter our
memory based on how we have interpreted the event.
5. Recall5. RecallRemembering the event laterRecall will be consistent with
previous stagesMay add or subtract information
to fit our expectations (rules, schema)
““Impression Formation Impression Formation Processes”Processes”Self-fulfilling ProphecyImplicit Personality TheoryPerceptual AccentuationPrimacy vs RecencyConsistencyAttribution of Control
Self-fulfilling prophecy:◦We make predictions about our
communication outcomes◦However, we also influence those
outcomes with our behaviors◦We then use this outcome to “prove
our point”
Implicit Personality Theory:◦We use observations of others to
draw conclusions ◦(Similar to stereotyping, but based
on personality traits, not group identity)
Perceptual Accentuation◦We perceive what we expect (or
want) to observe instead of what actually occurs
Primacy vs Recency ◦First impressions strongly influence
later interactions◦More recent impressions may cause
us to reinterpret our perception
Consistency◦We expect consistency in events and
relationships
Attribution:◦Our attempts to determine
motivation for behaviorsErrors:
◦Self-serving Bias◦Overattribution◦Fundamental Attribution Error
Increasing AccuracyIncreasing AccuracyPerception checking
◦Describe what you observe What did you see / hear? Concrete terms
◦Ask for confirmation of your perception Do not tell, ASK