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Colour in Painting
1. Philip Ball: Bright Earth – Art and the Invention of Colour
2. Johannes Itten: The Elements of Color –7 types of colour harmony & contrast
The Gate – Hans Hoffman (1960)
central question for Philip Ball:
How has the invention of new colour influenced the development of Art?
→ get Philip Ball worksheet on course webpage
Johannes Itten (1888-1967)-painter, designer, teacher (http://www.johannes-itten.com/ )
Space Composition, I[Raum Komposition I] –Itten (1944)
Art of the Color (Kunst der Farbe)Itten
Itten’s colour wheel
Painting with Three Spots -Wassily Kandinsky(1914)
contrast of hue
Improvisation 31 (Sea Battle) -Wassily Kandinsky(1913)
(hue)
The Black Feather Hat - Gustav Klimt (1910)
light/darkcontrast
warm colours
cool colours
cold/warmcontrast
Landscape - Cezanne
Mounte Sainte Victoire – Cezanne (c. 1885)
A red-violet juxtaposed to blue looks warm (left), while the same red-violet juxtaposed to red looks cool
The narrow red bars advance toward the viewer, while the cooler blue recedes.
complementary contrast
Christ on the Lake of Gennesaret- Delacroix
Y-P: strongest value contrast
R-G: equal value contrast
simultaneous contrast
Marilyn -Andy Warhol
ANDY WARHOL/SUPERNOVA: Stars, Deaths, and Disasters, 1962 - 1964
are the reds the same?
simultaneous contrast also occurs with value contrast
Portrait of Franz Marc – Macke (1910)
contrast of saturation
Contrast of saturation: This is the degree of purity of the color, so it is possible to contrast a pure, intense color with a dull, diluted color.
There are four ways to dilute a color:
1. Tint (add white).2. Shade (add black).3. Add gray (heading toward neutrality)4. Add the complementary color
Adding gray to a pure color demonstrates one way color can be desaturated. The grays in the corners of each pattern are the same neutral gray
contrast of extension
Starry Night – Van Gogh (1889)
relative areas of complementary colours for balance to the eye
A red/green checkboard pattern looks static compared to a green field sprinkled with small red squares, illustrating one way to manipulate contrast of extension
other harmonies:
monochromatic
Woman Darning -Vuillard
analogous oradjacent
Orange and Yellow – Mark Rothko (1956)
Head of a Man – Paul Klee