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COLOR HAJIONY A1D DESIGN IN INTERIOR DECORATION
Submitted to the
OREGON AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE ----------------- - - In Partia] Fu] fi]3ment of the Requirements
For the Degree of
ÌASTER CF SCIENCE
In
HOME ECONOMICS
By
teLe /tt- May 2, ]91
APPROVT:
Redacted for privacy
Professor In charge of Major
Redacted for privacy Head of Bepartnert of ____________________
Redactéd for privacy
Bean of 'choo of
Redacted for privacy Chairman - Committee of (raduate 'tudents
and Advanced Degrees
OUTL lITE
I. Aim
II. DiscuI3siofl
1. Dining room.
a. Desii
b. Color
2. Living room.
a. Desii
b. Co)or
3. "Jood dyes and wafl co3ors.
a. Co'oring of 'oods
b. Suggested co or harmonies
tor wai is.
LII. Conc)usion.
COLOR HARMONY AND DESIGN IN IITERICR DECORATION.
The aim of this thesis is to originate some color
schemes, considering the re]ationship between light and
color, form and proportions, keeping in mind the princi-
p]e of design, t, demonstrate the application of stains
upon fir and oak and for each piece suggesting color har-
monies for wafl surfaces to which they could be applied.
Two color schemes were originated, one for the dining
room, the other for a living room. In both Instances
the principles of design; rhythm, balance and riarinony
were followed; for their coloring something original and
that which was not common place was striven for.
In the dining room, the buffet wnich is built in and
extends back for three feet, occupies the principa]e place
of attraction or Is the center of interest. Above the
buffet Is an arch which tends to make the space appear
wIcer as it takes longer for the eye to travel over a
curved surface than a straight one. At both sides of the
buffet are panels extending from the floor to the ceiling
which divides the wall space into unequal divisions.
Equal spaces uniforma)]y placed are uninteresting and have
no rhythm. Then to add Interest these side spaces were
broken by panels which extend about two-thirds the height
of tue wail. At the top is a moulding above which is a
wail area, which is plain. At the juncture, where the
wall and ceiling meet, Is a cornice, On the opposite
(2)
side are French doors opening out of te room into the
adjoining room; in one end is a door opening out into
the kitchen; in the other re windows which occupy most
of the space. The paneling is used the entire distance
around the room.
For the color scheme orange was selected as a domi-
nant tone which is preferable in north rooms and cool
climates as it suggests warmth and sunshine. For the
walls above the paneling the orange was grayed with blue
until it appeared as a gra' orange. Orange was first
apolied to the woodwork, then it wa grayed with blue
until it became a silver gray, still having a subdued
tone of orange. The orange for the draperies was used
in a stronger tone; the borders of which are blue green
accented with black. For the sheer curtains on the win-
dows red orange was used for the principal design and
enough blue green its complement to produce an harmonious
accent. For this color scheme, a rug with L.lue predomi-
nting and the furniture gray In color would be suggested.
In the living room the fire place was selected as the
center of attraction and designed so that it should occupy
the entire space from the floor to the ceiling, leaving
a space on both sides for windows. Below the windows
are panels horizontal to te floor, at the top are mould-
ings to complete the top nd which extend from both sides
on around the room. In one end of the room are three
windows; below them and on either side are kookc3ses ex-
(3)
tending to the picture moulding which divides the wall
space into a pleasing division, thus making it much more
interestirng; in the opposite end is a door opening out
of the room on to a porch. On both sides are windows
which re narrower in space for te reason that uniform-
ity of size should be avoided.
The color scheme for this room is best suited to a
north room but may be used. for a south room as well as
the woodwork is grayed green. Green is refreshing and
cool and is especially pleasing in south rooms where one
gets more or less sunshine. As there are both tones of
yellow and green, it gives one tne feeling of hospitality and repose. In the draperies at tewindows, blue is used
as a back ground with a design of orange and green, the
blue being subordinate arid complementary to the orange.
To complete this scheme a rug of brown or gray green is excellent and the furniture stained with mission or fumed
oak.
For the purpose of originating color harmonies for trie
walls both fir nd oak were stained with wood dyes and
finished according to the manufactures specifications. The dyes pnnetrate deeply into the wood and when the beauty of the grain has been brought out, the surface of
the wood remains unchanged. The wood dyes dry quickly and do not rub off. Johnson's wood dyes were used and
are quite satisfactory. Many colors may be obtained by
mixing the dyes, two or tore; then by using flemish oak
(4)
they may be darkened or by u8in alcahol they become
1ibter In color. The dyes used ehow darker ori the fir
than on the oak, for the soft woods absorb the wood dyes
more easily. The wood filler was applied afterwrrds,
then they were waxed and polished. If the wood filler
is applied before the stain it i imposBitle for the stain
to penetrate. After the h9rdwoods were stained axid
finished it was found that a large percent of the wax and
stain could be removed by tle application of denatured
alcoho also if the wood is not dark enough in color,
a stain diluted with alcohol can be applied over t'ne wax,
which will pive a darker color. This cn te easily re-
moved it does riot penetrate tne wood. The nicer color-
ings were obtained by the combination of two or niore dyes.
Dyes were used with oil paints but the procees was slow
and unstiefactory. When the wood dye that was mixed
with the oil paint was applied it was be8utiful in color-
Ing but when exposed to the sunlight the colors faded and
nothing remained but a dingy white. Other pieces that
were stained with t wood dyes were exposed to the sun-
light for two days, and the piece stained with light
mahogany wood dye that had been diluted with denatured
alcohol was found to have faded to a considerable extent
while the others which were silver gray and brown remain-
ed unchanged.
Both the fir and oak woods for these samples were
(5)
kiln dried and air dried for a year. The air dried wood
18 preferable to the kiln dried as it is riot so likely to
warp out of shape and the texture is of very much Letter
quality. The fir wood absorbs the stain more readily
thym the oak, however, the harder parts of both do Liot
absorb stain to any great extent. In the fir the tor4e of
the color ws influenced by the hard grained parte that
failed to abrorb the stains. The fir that is sawed edge
grained takes the stain much nore evenly but does not 6how
the variations in tones. It is flat and has iore nearly
the appearance of oak or other hard woods. The lighter
stains on the oak are influenced by the gray coloring in
the wood.
In the use of dye, the flat wood finish is not entire-
ly estief2.ctory on fir 's the fir yellows with age. To
secure a smooth polished eurfce the wood should be shel-
laced and polished from five to fifteen times uefore it
is waxed. These finishes act as a preservitive to te
wood. The oak for its gray coloring and hardness is pre-
ferable to fir ut taking into consideration the fact that
it costa about twice as much as fir, fir is excellent.
The wall surfaces are represented here with Beaver
board and water color paper wnlch are to form the color
harmonies with the stained woods.
(6)
The following tables give the colore for the stained
woods, combinations if two or nore wood dyes are used,
and suggested harmonious colorings for the walls.
Set I..
Set II.
Set III.
et IV.
Set V.
Set VI.
Set VII.
Set VIII.
C '-s
STAIIED OODS.
Light brown
Ledium brown
Browns
Orange to red
Medium red
Dark red
Gray
Grayed green
Gr e en
Set X. Mcellaneous
WALL COLORS
Set I. Red
Set II. Blue
Set III. Creen
Set IV. Yellow to orange
Set V. Grys
- -7-
ST I. WOOD DYES: LIGHT BROWN.
). P]at wood finish.
This harmonizes with ai) the sets, the )ight colora
being perferabJe.
Co)or for wails.
Wail color. Set I. No. 3. delicate pink.
" I, Set I. .No. 3. pink and Rreen flowered.
Is 'I Set II. No. 4. light blue.
'g Set III. No. 3. grayed yellow green.
Is Set III. No. . grayed green.
N I Set IV. 1'o. 3. grayed yellow.
Set IV. 1o. 4. light orange.
2. Wood dye: Fumed oak.
Wall color. 3et I. No. 3. de]icate pink.
N Is Set I. No. 3. pink and green flowered.
N W Set II. No. 4. 3 ight blue.
I. IS Set III. No. 3. grayed yellow green.
I, II Set III. No. 5. grayed green.
I. Set IV. No. 3. grayed yellow.
'I W IV. No. 4. light grayed orange.
3. Wood dye; 3 ight oak.
Wall color. Set I. No. 6. red flowered paper.
I. I Set II. No. 4. light blue (grayed).
0 N Set II. tio. 5. gray blue.
-8-
Wall color. Set III. No. 7. blue green.
Set III. :o. 8. grayed green.
Set III. No. 9. grayed green (leaves).
Set IV. No. 6. gray orange.
Set IV. No. 7. golden brown.
IS Set IV. No. 8. green brown.
Set V. Ho. 7. blue gray.
Set V. fio. 3. yellow gray.
fumed oak.
4. Wood dyes combined ( light oak.
( brown f) em i sh oak.
Wall color. Set I. No. ô. red flowered paper.
Set III. No. 7. blue green.
't 't Set III o. 3. grayed green.
" Set IV. No. 7. golden orown.
fumed oak.
5. Wood dyes combined fumed oak.
6. Wood dye: Mission oak.
Wall o]or. Set I. No. 6. red flowered paper.
Set III. No. 7. blue green.
Set III. No. 8. grayed green.
't Set IV. o. 7. golden brown.
STET II. WOCT) DYS: MEDIUM BROWN.
I. Wood dye: dark oak.
-9-
2. Wood dyes combined: fumed and flemish oaks.
3. Wood djes comined: fumed and weathered oaks.
4. "load dye: arly English.
WAT.L COLORS OR 3, 2, 3, 4.
Wall color. Set IV. No. 8. green brown.
Set IV. No. 10. brown.
Set IV. No. 12. lavender brown. 'I U Set IV. No. 13. dark brown.
5. Wood dye: Nission Oak.
Wall col or. Set IV. No. 13. dark browu.
Set IV. 1o. 14. brown (flowered). I' Set IV. No. 35. extra dark brown.
6. Wood dye: brown flemish oak.
Wall color. Set IV. No. 13. dark brown.
Set IV. ko. 14. flowered brown.
'I Set IV. No. 15. extra dark brown.
ST III. WOOD DYES: BROWNS.
3. Wood dyes combined: fumed, flemish and dark oaks;
dark mahogany.
Wall color. Set IV. No. 9. green tan. U Set IV. No. 10. brown.
n u Set IV. No. 11.. grayed brown.
-30-
'JaIl color. 'et IV. No. 32. lavender brown.
Set IV. No. 13. dark 'orown.
" Set IV. No. 34. brown (flowered).
Set IV. 110. 15. extra dark brown.
2. Wood dyes comoir'ed: dark and flemish oaks; dark
mahogany.
3. Wood dyes cbined: same a8 ti. only darker.
Wall color. Set IV. No. 9. green tan.
Set IV. No. JO. brown.
Set IV. No. 11. grayed brown.
Set IV. Io. 32. lavender brawn.
11 Set IV. .Io. 13. dark brown.
Set IV. No. 34. brown (flowered).
W H Set IV. No. 15. extra dark brown.
4. Wood dyes combined: light mahogany and mission oak.
5. Wood dyes combined: light mahogany, light and weather-
ed oaks.
. Wood dyes comoined: I ight maflogany, I ight and fI emish
oaks.
Vía)) color. Set IV. No. 10. brown.
s. ts Set IV. No. II. grayed 'o:own.
t,
" 1et IV. i'). 12, laven'ier brown.
-13e
Wall color. Set IV. No. 13. aark orown.
H Set IV. Io. 14. brown (flowered).
Set IV. No. i. extra dark orown.
SET IV. ORMIG TO R (MAnOGMTY).
i. Wood dye: extra dark mahogany, ai)uted.
2. IVood dye: light marlognay, diluted.
Color Tor walls. Wail color. Set I. No. 4. oraxge pink.
'I If Set II. No. 4. light blue' (grayed). .4 " Set III. No. 5 to 9, in set of green is
harmon ous.
3. Wood dyes combined: i ight oak and i icht mahogany.
4. Wood dyes combined: 3 ight oak, I ight mahogany and
fumed oak.
5. Wood ayee combined: light mahogany and fumed oak.
6. Wood dyes combined: light mahogany, flemish oak and
light oak.
WALL "OLORS OR 3, 4, 5, 6.
Wall color. Set III. 1o. 3]. gray brown.
'I Set III. 1o. 10. gray brown.
-32-
Wai] co3or. Set V. No. 33. dark gray (flowered).
SET V. WOOD DYES: MEDIUM D (MAHOGAÌ'TY).
i. Wood dyes combined: fumed oak. ]ight oak and iight
mahogany.
2. Wood dye8 combined: i ight oak and i ight mahogany.
3. Sanie as No. 2, darker.
4. Same as No. 2. darker than No. 3.
. Wood dyes: mahogany.
6. Wood dyes ccbined: fumed oak and iight mahogany.
Color for wa]is.
Wa)] color. Set I. 1o. 6. red flowered paper.
Set II. )avender f]owered.
Set IV. No. )4. brown (flowered).
Set IV. No. 35. extra dark brown.
Set V. No. 13. dark gray (flowered).
SET VI. WOOD DYES: DARK BED (MAHOGANY).
3. Wood dyes: dark mahogany.
2. Wood dyes: 3 iht mahogany.
- 3-
3. Wood. dyes: extra dark mahogany.
4. Wood dyes: extra dark mahogany.
5. Wood dyes: extra dark mahogany.
The 3ighter ones were diluted 'vith alcohol.
WALL OLORS OR I 2, 3, 4, 5.
'Vail coior. et I. ìO. 6. red (flowered).
's 's Set I. No. 7. red.
H II Set I. No. 8. dark red.
H si Set II. lavender.
'I II Set III. No. 9. gray gren (leaves).
I' U Set III. No. 10. olive green.
" Set III. No. 11. extra dark green.
Set IV. No. 3). grayed brown.
Set IV. No. 12. lavender brown.
U '4 Set IV. No. 13. dark brown.
'4 Set IV. No. 14. brown (f3owerer').
'4 Set IV. No. 15. dark orown.
'4 Set V. No. 1 3. dark gray (f I owered)
ST VII. WOOD DYES: GR\Y.
J. Wood dyes: silver gray, waxed, silver gray applied
over the wax.
Wall c1or. Set II. lavender flowered paper.
Set II. No. -. light blue.
-14-
"ia]) co)or. flet II. No. 5. gray b)ue. N 0$ et IV. No. 3. grayed yeflow.
" s, Set PT. No. 5. )ight grayed orange.
Is 's Set IV. fO. b. green brown.
s, u Set T. No. 3. green lavender gray.
t, " Set V, No. 4. lavender gray.
Set y. ro. 6. blue gray.
Set V. fo. 7. blue gray.
2. 1TTood dyes: silver gray (darker).
3. Vfood dyes combined: silver ray and f] ernish oak.
WALL COLORS FOR 2 and 3.
Via]] color. Set II. lavender and red flowered paper.
II t Set II. No. 4. 1 ight blue. " s' Set II. :o. 5. gray blue. 's s Set IV. No. 3. grayed yellow.
's si Set IV. No. 5. I ight gray orange.
t, 'I Set IV. 6. gray orange.
Is H Set IV. No. 7. golden brown.
It It Set V. No. 4. lavender gray.
't II Set V. :r:o. 7. blue gray.
'I I Set 110. 13. dark gray (flowered). f, ft Set V. No. 14. dark gray.
4. Wood dye: weathered oc.
'7a3] co) or. 'et I. Lo. 2. pink striped. 'I I Set II. ITo. J . blue striped. II H Set II. 1:0. 2. lavender bLie.
1 $ Set II. ::o. 4. i-ht b]e. u SI Set III. No. 2. Light green (grayed). 'I I Set 1V. No. 3. grayed yeflovv.
K ti Set 1V. No. 5. 1iht grayed orange.
'I ti Set pr :o. 8. green orown.
;; $ Set V. i:o. 2. orange gray. , ft Set V. No. 3. green lavender gray.
* I Set V. 1o. 4. lavender gray.
" ret V. ITo. b. b)ue gray.
et V. No. 7. b]ue gray.
Set V. No. fl. green gray. u Set V. No. 32. green gray.
5. 7ood dye: f3ernish oak. (diLited).
1Va]] coior. riet I. ]o. 1. de)icate pink. 1 I Set I. No. 4. orange.
s. H Set I. No. 6. red (flowered). 's i 'et II. 1.0. 5. gray o1ue.
h U 3et IV. Lo. 5. 3 ight grì.yed orange. 'I S Set Iv. No. 8. gren brown.
'I I et IV. Lo. 9. gren t.fl.
1 U Set IV. o. fl. grayed brown.
'I $ Set IV. No. 32. gr.yed brown.
u $ Set IV. o. 14. flowered brown.
-36-
Wa3i coior. Set V. i'o. 6. b]ue gray.
Il II Set V. No. 7. b]ue gray.
N Set V. No. 8. ye]low gray.
t' N Set V. No. 9. yeflow gray.
'I N Set V. Ì1o. 30. orown gray.
'I N Set V. No. 32. green gray.
6. 1ood dye: f3emish oak.
Wa]] color. Set IV. No. 6. gray orange.
's N Set IV. o. 8. green brown.
Set IV. J.o. 34. brown (Í]owered).
N Set IV. No. 15. extra dark brown.
N N Set V. ie harmonoue.
SET VIII. WOOD DYES: GRAYD GREEN.
3. Wocd dyes combined: 3ight and flemish oak.
Wa]] coioj. Set II. No. 4. ]ight b)ue (grayed).
N Set III. No. 3. grayed green ye)]ow.
N N Set III. NO. . grayed green.
'I N Set IV. No. 3. grayed yellow.
N a Set IV. No. 5. light grayed orange.
N I Set IV. No. 8. green Drown.
H N Set V. ro. 2. orange gray.
N N Set V. No. 6. b]ue gray.
N Set V, No. 7. blue gray.
N Set V. rto. 3. ye]3ow gray.
w Set V. No. 9. yel]ow gray.
-17-
Wa]1 color. Set V. No. U. green gray.
Set V. o. 32. green gray.
2. Wood dyes combined: bog green and fumed oak.
Wall color. Set IV. No. 3. grayed yellow.
s N Set IV. No. 5. light grayed orange.
N N bet IV. No. 8. green orown.
'I $ Set V. No. 8. yellow gray.
Is ' Set V. No. 33. dark gray (flowered).
3. Johnson's wood dye 324.
4. Wood dye combined: light and flemish Oaks.
. Wood dyes combined: bog oak, fumed and flemish oaks.
WALL COLORS FOR 3, 4, 5.
7a]l color. Set III. No. 3. grayed green yellow.
I Set III. No. 6. grayed green yellow.
N N Set III. No. ]O. olive green.
N II Set IV. No. 3. grayed yellow.
I. N Set IV. No. 8. green orown.
N Ib Set IV. ITo. 9. green tan.
" N Set IV. No, 3) . grayed brown.
t, N Set V. No. 33. dark gray (flowered).
6. Wood dye: bog oak.
-i 8-
Wa)1 color. et II. ITO. 4. iht Uue, grayed.
s, is Set III. No. 9. gray green (]eaved).
's s 3et III. No. 3]. extrn. dark green.
'g ,i Set IV. No. 4. orange yeflow.
ft t$ Set IV. No. 5. J ight grayed oranre.
'I II et IV. No. 6. 3 ight grayed orange.
'I Set IV. No. 8. green brown.
II II Set lIT. ITo. 34. 'orovm (flowered).
II It et IV. No. ). extra dark brown.
SET IX. GREEN.
3. Wood eyes combined: forest green, fumed and f]emish
oaks.
2. Wood dye: moss gr'en.
3. 1ood dye: forest green.
WALL OCLORS
Wail color. et III.
I, II Set III.
s, It Set IV.
4. '7ood dye: green w
Wail color. Set III.
'I II Set lEu.
II SI Set iiu.
II II Set I\
FOR
No.
N o.
IT o.
eath
No.
No.
No.
I o.
3,
6.
30.
8.
red
6.
30.
:ii.
8.
2, 3.
dark grayed yellow green.
o3ive green.
green brown.
oak.
dark grayed yellow green.
cUve green
extra dark green.
groen crown.
_1 (-_
5. 'Yood dye: bog oak.
6. Wood dyes combined: moss green and flemish oak.
WALL COLOR FOR 5 and 6.
Wall cö]or. Set III. No. 9. gray green eaves).
" Set III. No. ]O. o] Ive green.
H H Set III. ITo. J] extra dark green.
Set IV. o. 3. grayed yellow.
Set IV. ITo. 4. orange yellow.
Set IV. iTo. 5. J ight grayed orange.
Set IV. I;o. 6. gray orange.
Set IV. No. 7. go]den brown.
Set IV. No. 8. green brown.
Set V. lo. 33. dark gray (f]owered).
SET X. MISCJMTEOUS.
3. Wood ryes combined: weathered and light oaks.
Wa)] color. net I. jO. J. d.e)icate pink.
'I tt Set II. No. J. bJue (striped).
's 't Set II. No. 2. ]avender b)ue.
't t Set III. fo. 7. b]ue green.
s, ti Set III. 1o. 8. grayed green.
ft I Set III. ITo. 9. gray green (3 eaves).
t' tI Set IV. ITo. 3. grayed yellow.
I, II Set Iv. ITo. 5. J Ight grayed orange.
Set IV. ITo. 9. green tan.
- -
Wall co3or. Set IV. No. 33. grayed brown.
Set IV. No. 32. 3avender brown.
set V. io. 6. b)ue gray.
Set V. No. 7. b)ue gray. 0 Set V. No. 8. yellow gray.
Set V. No. 30. brown gray.
Set V. No. 33. green gray. O Set V. No. 32. green gray.
2. Wood dyes combined: f)eniish and og oaks; waxed, then
ei3ver gray over.
3. Wood dye: flemish oak.
4. Wood dyes combined: flemish and bog oaks.
WALL COLORS FOR 3, 2, 3.
Wall color. Set IV. No. 3. grayed yellow.
Set V. No. 3. )it gray.
Set V. No. 6. blue gray.
5. Wood dyes combined: mission, green weathered and
flemish oaks; waxed; silver gray.
Wail color. Set III. No. 8. dark grayed green. II II Set IV. 1o. 3. grayed yellow.
Set V. No. 7. blue gray.
-2]-
Via]) color. Set IT. :o. 13. dark gray (flowered).
I' H 'et V. Io. 34. dark gray.
6. '!od dye: ar)y Engiish.
'Va)) color. flet IV. No. 3. grayed y'3)ow.
Set IV. Io. 5. 3 ight grayed orane. It IS Set IV. o. 30. brown.
Set IV o. 33. dark 'crown.
7. Wood dyee combined: green weathered and flemish Oaks.
Wa]) color. Set I. No. 6. red (flowered).
SI SI Set III. No. 3],. extra dark green.
H It Set IV. No. I 3 1 gr}.t ye) i ow.
't SI Set IV. No. 2. yeflow.
'I SS Set IV. No. 3. grayed ye]]ow.
s, t' Set Iv. No. 4. orange ye])ow.
'I II Set IV. No. 5. light grayed ye)]ow.
'S If Set IV. No. 6. gray oran .' e. I, il Set IV. No. 7. golden brown.
.5 n Set IV. No. 8. green brown.
SI H Set V. 1o. 3, light gray.
Set V. No. 6. b)ue gray.
Set V. No. 7. blue gray.
Set V. No. 3). green gray.
H 11 Set y. No. 32. green gray.
8. Wood dyes combined: extra dark mahogany and f) emish
-22-
oak.
Wail color. et II. ]avender (f3owere). Set IV. No. 3). gray brown.
H Set IV. No. 32. lavender.
Set IV. No. 34. brown (flowered).
9. Wood dyee combined: mission and fumed oaks and
mahogan y.
Wa]] color. Set IV. No. 30. brown.
N Set IV. No. El. grayed brown.
's " Set V. No. 33. dark gray (flowered).
30. Wood dyes combined: light mahogany, ]lght oak and
silver gray.
Wa]) color. I, 's
Set III. No. 3. grayed yel)ow.
Set III. No. 30. brown.
(23).
In the coa or combinations given there are others that
are harmonious these being suggested ones; it varies as to
the choice of the indivic3ua). Neutra) wall coiorings are
excellent and the same is true of woodwork as both act as
a background for the contents of a room. ?owered waJJ
papers if strong in a variety of co'ors harmonize with
many colors in the stained woods. Ana)agous harmonies are
preferab)e in riìost interiors as the contrast is not o
noticeable. Comp) ement.ry tones may be succesfu)iy carried out in the furnishings.
To Profeosor Helen Bryce Brooks I am indebted for en-
ocuragement and my inspiration br the subject, "Color
Harmony and Design in Interior Decoration"; to Professor
Farley D. McLouth for his assistance in the interior desi
and color drawings and Mr. L. Eugene Robinson for his
asoistance in the staining of the woods.
EKM- R