ColoniColonial al

ResistaResistance nce and and

RebelliRebellionon

2.1 Notes2.1 Notes

Proclamation of 1763Proclamation of 1763 Issued by British Issued by British

gov’tgov’t Forbade colonies Forbade colonies

from expanding from expanding west beyond the west beyond the Appalchian Mtns.Appalchian Mtns.

Meant to avoid Meant to avoid conflicts with Indiansconflicts with Indians

Ignored by colonistsIgnored by colonists Convinced that Convinced that

Britain didn’t care Britain didn’t care about colonist’s about colonist’s needsneeds

Britain’s Financial DebtBritain’s Financial Debt French and Indian war debtFrench and Indian war debt King George III King George III

commissioned Prime commissioned Prime Minister George Grenville to Minister George Grenville to lower debtlower debt

Sugar ActSugar Act– Halved duty on foreign-made Halved duty on foreign-made

molasses (to prevent molasses (to prevent smuggling)smuggling)

– Placed duties on certain Placed duties on certain importsimports

– Colonists accused of violating Colonists accused of violating the act would face a single the act would face a single judge, not a juryjudge, not a jury

Merchants complained about reduced Merchants complained about reduced profitsprofits

Taxed without representation in BritainTaxed without representation in Britain

• Tax on documents and printed items Tax on documents and printed items (wills, newspapers, playing cards)(wills, newspapers, playing cards)

• First tax directly affecting colonistsFirst tax directly affecting colonists• Taxed goods and servicesTaxed goods and services

Colonial assemblies resisted b/c Colonial assemblies resisted b/c no representation at tax decisionsno representation at tax decisions Sons of Liberty (Samuel Adams)Sons of Liberty (Samuel Adams)

– Secret resistance group of Secret resistance group of shopkeepers, laborersshopkeepers, laborers

– Resisted taxationResisted taxation Boycotted British goods – Act Boycotted British goods – Act

repealedrepealed

Stamp ActStamp Act

Declaratory ActDeclaratory Act Passed on day Passed on day Stamp Act repealedStamp Act repealed ““to bind the colonies and to bind the colonies and people of America in all cases people of America in all cases whatsoever”whatsoever” Townshend ActsTownshend Acts

– Taxed goods imported into colonies from BritainTaxed goods imported into colonies from Britain– Lead, glass, paint, paper, tea (most popular drink)Lead, glass, paint, paper, tea (most popular drink)

Sons of Liberty organized boycottSons of Liberty organized boycott

Tensions MountedTensions Mounted Boston, MA – center of rebellionBoston, MA – center of rebellion Boston Massacre – March 5, 1770Boston Massacre – March 5, 1770

– British soldiers taunted at Boston British soldiers taunted at Boston Customs HouseCustoms House

– 5 colonists killed when fired upon5 colonists killed when fired upon• British patrol schooner attacked and burned• King George sought English trials for suspects – alarmed colonists

Boston Tea PartyBoston Tea Party 1773 Tea Act of save British East 1773 Tea Act of save British East

India CompanyIndia Company Could sell tea to colonies tax freeCould sell tea to colonies tax free Colonial tea sellers still taxedColonial tea sellers still taxed Could sell tea directly to Could sell tea directly to

consumers for less - backfiredconsumers for less - backfired Boston rebels disguised as Boston rebels disguised as

“Indians” dumped 18,000 pounds “Indians” dumped 18,000 pounds of tea into harborof tea into harbor

Intolerable ActsIntolerable Acts Law shut down Boston HarborLaw shut down Boston Harbor Quartering Act – British soldiers housed Quartering Act – British soldiers housed

in vacant private homes and buildingsin vacant private homes and buildings General Thomas Gage (commander of General Thomas Gage (commander of

British forces) named governor of MABritish forces) named governor of MA Boston placed under martial lawBoston placed under martial law First Continental Congress assembled First Continental Congress assembled

in Philadelphia, PA to draw up in Philadelphia, PA to draw up declaration of colonial rightsdeclaration of colonial rights

Colonies should fight back if forced by Colonies should fight back if forced by BritishBritish

FIRST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS –

PHILADELPHIA, PA 1774