Colonial Pipeline Company Managing Operational Risk

Colonial Pipeline Company -Managing Operational Risk

TopicsBackground information on Colonial PipelineDepartmental versus Enterprise GISArcGIS Pipeline Data Model (APDM) + Geodatabase as foundation for risk based asset management systemRole of Risk Assessment in the Pipeline Integrity Management planning process Description of Colonial’s Risk Assessment process

Colonial Pipeline Company -Managing Operational Risk

TopicsBackground information on Colonial PipelineDepartmental versus Enterprise GISArcGIS Pipeline Data Model (APDM) + Geodatabase as foundation for risk based asset management systemRole of Risk Assessment in the Pipeline Integrity Management planning process Description of Colonial’s Risk Assessment process

Colonial Pipeline OverviewColonial Pipeline OverviewRefined Petroleum Transmission Company

~5500 miles of pipeline138 Pump Stations15 Tank Farms265 Terminals

Transports approximately 100 million gallons a day (2.5 million barrels) of jet fuel, diesel, heating oil and automotive fuel

Managing Operational Risk -Good Data is Required….

Pipeline GIS/Data Management Historically….Performed on a project by project basisDeveloped at multiple levels within the organization (department, division, location, etc.)Typically independent data stores and processes (Data Silos)Inconsistent data collection and management

data duplicationaccuracy differences which version of the truth?little in the way of standards or guidelines

Managing Operational Risk -Good Data is Required….

Pipeline GIS/Data Management Historically….Performed on a project by project basisDeveloped at multiple levels within the organization (department, division, location, etc.)Typically independent data stores and processes (Data Silos)Inconsistent data collection and management

data duplicationaccuracy differences which version of the truth?little in the way of standards or guidelines

Managing Operational RiskPipeline GIS/Data Management Today….

More centrally controlled within organizationDesigned to meet enterprise-wide requirements (such as pipeline integrity management)Utilizes industry recognized standards and templates

APDM Geodatabase Modeldata collection and maintenance standards appropriate to the enterpriseindustry standard communication protocols (SOAP, XML, etc.)

Easier integration with other enterprise applicationsasset managementbusiness systems pipeline integrity/risk

Managing Operational RiskPipeline GIS/Data Management Today….

More centrally controlled within organizationDesigned to meet enterprise-wide requirements (such as pipeline integrity management)Utilizes industry recognized standards and templates

APDM Geodatabase Modeldata collection and maintenance standards appropriate to the enterpriseindustry standard communication protocols (SOAP, XML, etc.)

Easier integration with other enterprise applicationsasset managementbusiness systems pipeline integrity/risk

Managing Operational RiskColonial Uses the Geodatabase and the APDM

model as the foundation of their enterprise asset management systemDesigned as central repository for all pipeline facility informationParticular emphasis on pipeline integrity management needs now and in the futureData collection at the source – the field – data flows electronically into the database

Managing Operational RiskColonial Uses the Geodatabase and the APDM

model as the foundation of their enterprise asset management systemDesigned as central repository for all pipeline facility informationParticular emphasis on pipeline integrity management needs now and in the futureData collection at the source – the field – data flows electronically into the database

Managing Operational RiskWhat is the APDM Data Model?

ESRI Geodatabase model for …gas and/or liquids, onshore/offshore, gathering, transmission, or distribution pipeline systemsfocused on pipelines that use stationed position AND XY coordinates to locate positions of features on or along the pipeline

APDM ESRI Object Model Template to handle …multiple forms of linear referencing

• ESRI route and measure technologyhierarchical/geographical organization of pipeline featuresFeature behavior during centerline editing operationsLinks to external systems – ERP, Document Management, Work Order MS

Core Feature/Object ClassesAbstract Classes

Managing Operational RiskWhat is the APDM Data Model?

ESRI Geodatabase model for …gas and/or liquids, onshore/offshore, gathering, transmission, or distribution pipeline systemsfocused on pipelines that use stationed position AND XY coordinates to locate positions of features on or along the pipeline

APDM ESRI Object Model Template to handle …multiple forms of linear referencing

• ESRI route and measure technologyhierarchical/geographical organization of pipeline featuresFeature behavior during centerline editing operationsLinks to external systems – ERP, Document Management, Work Order MS

Core Feature/Object ClassesAbstract Classes

Managing Operational RiskAPDM Version 4.0

Abstract Classes (Core Attributes and Relationships)Centerline Objects, Facility Objects, Online/Offline ObjectsResponse to editing the centerlineAuditing feature/object edits

Core ClassesControlPoint, StationSeries, AltRefMeasure, Lineloop, Subsystem, SubsystemHierarchy, LineloopHierarchy, Product, OwnerOperator, SubsystemRange, Site, Activity, ActivityHierarchy, ExternalDocument

Metadata ClassesFormal definition to describe behavior of reference modes

• Units, Basis, TypeListing and APDM categorization of classes within geodatabase

• Each class in the APDM will inherit from one of the APDM Abstract ClassesOnline Locations for Offline Features

• Listing of offline/online class pairs• Listing of calculation methods for determining derivation of online locations

Inline History and Auditing

Managing Operational RiskAPDM Version 4.0

Abstract Classes (Core Attributes and Relationships)Centerline Objects, Facility Objects, Online/Offline ObjectsResponse to editing the centerlineAuditing feature/object edits

Core ClassesControlPoint, StationSeries, AltRefMeasure, Lineloop, Subsystem, SubsystemHierarchy, LineloopHierarchy, Product, OwnerOperator, SubsystemRange, Site, Activity, ActivityHierarchy, ExternalDocument

Metadata ClassesFormal definition to describe behavior of reference modes

• Units, Basis, TypeListing and APDM categorization of classes within geodatabase

• Each class in the APDM will inherit from one of the APDM Abstract ClassesOnline Locations for Offline Features

• Listing of offline/online class pairs• Listing of calculation methods for determining derivation of online locations

Inline History and Auditing

Managing Operational RiskCompliance and Interoperability

The purpose of APDM is to capture the ‘behavior’ of pipeline events, features and objects within a geodatabase object modelThe purpose of APDM 4.0 abstract, metadata and core classes is to provide a standard for judging APDM compliance to allow true interoperability between vendor applications and data modelsColonial is using the Geodatabase, APDM, and the ArcGIS software to build and manage the enterprise GIS that is the foundation for their Pipeline Integrity Management System.

Managing Operational RiskCompliance and Interoperability

The purpose of APDM is to capture the ‘behavior’ of pipeline events, features and objects within a geodatabase object modelThe purpose of APDM 4.0 abstract, metadata and core classes is to provide a standard for judging APDM compliance to allow true interoperability between vendor applications and data modelsColonial is using the Geodatabase, APDM, and the ArcGIS software to build and manage the enterprise GIS that is the foundation for their Pipeline Integrity Management System.

Managing Operational Risk49 C.F.R. § 195.452 - Pipeline Integrity Management in

High Consequence Areas, Sub-Part (e) states:“An operator must establish an integrity assessment

schedule that prioritizes pipeline segments for assessment”

“An operator must base the assessment schedule on all risk factors that reflect the risk conditions on the pipeline segment”

Managing Operational Risk49 C.F.R. § 195.452 - Pipeline Integrity Management in

High Consequence Areas, Sub-Part (e) states:“An operator must establish an integrity assessment

schedule that prioritizes pipeline segments for assessment”

“An operator must base the assessment schedule on all risk factors that reflect the risk conditions on the pipeline segment”

Managing Operational RiskSub-Part (e) further states that the factors an operator

must consider for risk analysis include, but are not limited to :Results of previous assessmentsPipe size, material, and other attributesOperating stress levelLeak history, repair history, and cathodic protection historyExisting or projected activities in the area (related to 3rd party damage)Local environmental factors that could affect the pipeline (e.g., corrosivity of soil, subsidence, climatic) Geo-technical hazards

Managing Operational RiskSub-Part (e) further states that the factors an operator

must consider for risk analysis include, but are not limited to :Results of previous assessmentsPipe size, material, and other attributesOperating stress levelLeak history, repair history, and cathodic protection historyExisting or projected activities in the area (related to 3rd party damage)Local environmental factors that could affect the pipeline (e.g., corrosivity of soil, subsidence, climatic) Geo-technical hazards

Managing Operational RiskAn appropriately designed and implemented

pipeline GIS provides the perfect environment for the collection, maintenance, and analysis of data required for pipeline risk assessment

Managing Operational RiskAn appropriately designed and implemented

pipeline GIS provides the perfect environment for the collection, maintenance, and analysis of data required for pipeline risk assessment

Managing Operational RiskColonial Risk Assessment Solution

Relative risk ranking modelIdentify probability of pipe failure factorsIdentify consequence of pipe failure factorsDetermine data requirements for eachBalance need for data against the cost to obtain dataTotal probability of failure = sum of all probability factors Total consequence of failure = sum of all consequence factorsTotal risk = Total probability of failure * Total consequence of failure

Managing Operational RiskColonial Risk Assessment Solution

Relative risk ranking modelIdentify probability of pipe failure factorsIdentify consequence of pipe failure factorsDetermine data requirements for eachBalance need for data against the cost to obtain dataTotal probability of failure = sum of all probability factors Total consequence of failure = sum of all consequence factorsTotal risk = Total probability of failure * Total consequence of failure

Managing Operational RiskColonial Risk Assessment – Probability

Factors and Data RequirementsInternal Corrosion

number of internal corrosion leaksdate of last ILI corrosion inspectiondate of last hydro testpipe wall thicknessSMYSMAOPflow frequency (# of days/year)flow rate


Factors and Data RequirementsInternal Corrosion

number of internal corrosion leaksdate of last ILI corrosion inspectiondate of last hydro testpipe wall thicknessSMYSMAOPflow frequency (# of days/year)flow rate


Factors and Data RequirementsEquipment Failure

number of equipment failure related leakspresence of tapspresence of valves


Factors and Data RequirementsEquipment Failure

number of equipment failure related leakspresence of tapspresence of valves


Factors and Data RequirementsStress Corrosion Cracking

number of SCC leaksnumber of SCC indicated ILI anomaliespipe outside diameterpipe wall thickness


Factors and Data RequirementsStress Corrosion Cracking

number of SCC leaksnumber of SCC indicated ILI anomaliespipe outside diameterpipe wall thickness


Factors and Data RequirementsConstruction Problems

number of buckle leakspipe outside diameterpipe wall thicknessdate of last ILI deformation inspectionpipe install date (welding, backfill, girth weld indicator)


Factors and Data RequirementsConstruction Problems

number of buckle leakspipe outside diameterpipe wall thicknessdate of last ILI deformation inspectionpipe install date (welding, backfill, girth weld indicator)


Factors and Data RequirementsIncorrect Operations

number of incorrect operation related leakspower and communication backup systems at stationsvarious abnormal operation incidents at stations


Factors and Data RequirementsIncorrect Operations

number of incorrect operation related leakspower and communication backup systems at stationsvarious abnormal operation incidents at stations


Factors and Data RequirementsOutside Force

number of outside force related leakstype of stream bank protectionpipe install date (pipe vintage – resistance to strain)pipe spansareas of exposed pipewater crossingslandslide hazardseismic hazard


Factors and Data RequirementsOutside Force

number of outside force related leakstype of stream bank protectionpipe install date (pipe vintage – resistance to strain)pipe spansareas of exposed pipewater crossingslandslide hazardseismic hazard


Factors and Data RequirementsManufacturing Defects

number of crack related leaksnumber of ILI anomalies located on or near seamsdate of last ILI deformation inspectionpipe seam typepipe SMYS (Specified Minimum Yield Strength)pipe install date (pre-1970 ERW)pressure cycling


Factors and Data RequirementsManufacturing Defects

number of crack related leaksnumber of ILI anomalies located on or near seamsdate of last ILI deformation inspectionpipe seam typepipe SMYS (Specified Minimum Yield Strength)pipe install date (pre-1970 ERW)pressure cycling

Managing Operational RiskColonial Risk Assessment – Probability Factors and

Data RequirementsExternal Corrosion

number of external corrosion related leaksnumber of ILI anomalies located on or near seamsdate of last ILI corrosion inspectionpipe wall thicknesspipe SMYS (Specified Minimum Yield Strength)presence of casingscathodic protection exception segmentsdensity of utility crossingsdate of last CIS inspectioncoating agecoating typecoating condition

Managing Operational RiskColonial Risk Assessment – Probability Factors and

Data RequirementsExternal Corrosion

number of external corrosion related leaksnumber of ILI anomalies located on or near seamsdate of last ILI corrosion inspectionpipe wall thicknesspipe SMYS (Specified Minimum Yield Strength)presence of casingscathodic protection exception segmentsdensity of utility crossingsdate of last CIS inspectioncoating agecoating typecoating condition

Managing Operational RiskColonial Risk Assessment – Probability Factors and Data Requirements

Third-Party Mechanical Damagenumber of mechanical damage related leaksnumber of mechanical damage related ILI anomaliespre-1970 ERW pipepipe wall thicknesspipe outside diameterpipe SMYSpressure cyclingaboveground pipemechanical protection (concrete slabs/matting)concrete coatingROW patrolling intervalpresence of pipeline markerspipe depth of coversurrounding land usenumber of road crossingsnumber of water crossingsnumber of unauthorized encroachmentsonecall density

Managing Operational RiskColonial Risk Assessment – Probability Factors and Data Requirements

Third-Party Mechanical Damagenumber of mechanical damage related leaksnumber of mechanical damage related ILI anomaliespre-1970 ERW pipepipe wall thicknesspipe outside diameterpipe SMYSpressure cyclingaboveground pipemechanical protection (concrete slabs/matting)concrete coatingROW patrolling intervalpresence of pipeline markerspipe depth of coversurrounding land usenumber of road crossingsnumber of water crossingsnumber of unauthorized encroachmentsonecall density

Colonial Risk Assessment –Geoprocessing Requirements


Colonial Risk Assessment –Geoprocessing RequirementsPolygon Overlay Analysis

seismic hazardlandslide hazardcounty (One call)state (general soils)public lands (600 foot buffer)navigable waterways (600 foot buffer)NWI (600 foot buffer)land useaerial observation flight segment polygons


seismic hazardlandslide hazardcounty (One call)state (general soils)public lands (600 foot buffer)navigable waterways (600 foot buffer)NWI (600 foot buffer)land useaerial observation flight segment polygons


overlay polygonal feature on pipe centerlinedetermine entry/exit points of centerline w/polygonsgenerates a stationed, on-centerline linear featureattach specified polygon attributes


overlay polygonal feature on pipe centerlinedetermine entry/exit points of centerline w/polygonsgenerates a stationed, on-centerline linear featureattach specified polygon attributes

Colonial Risk Assessment –Polygon Overlay Analysis - NWI

Colonial Risk Assessment –Polygon Overlay Analysis - NWI

Colonial Risk Assessment –Polygon Overlay Analysis – NWI Buffer (660 feet)Colonial Risk Assessment –Polygon Overlay Analysis – NWI Buffer (660 feet)

Colonial Risk Assessment –Polygon Overlay Analysis – NWI Intersect SegmentsColonial Risk Assessment –Polygon Overlay Analysis – NWI Intersect Segments


ILI Feature Countson one mile segments (generate empty segments)corrosion defectsdamage defectsseam defectssegment statistics to generate countsinput to Dynamic Segmentation


ILI Feature Countson one mile segments (generate empty segments)corrosion defectsdamage defectsseam defectssegment statistics to generate countsinput to Dynamic Segmentation

Colonial Risk Assessment –ILI Feature Counts – One Mile SegmentsColonial Risk Assessment –ILI Feature Counts – One Mile Segments

Colonial Risk Assessment –ILI Feature Counts – Corrosion, Damage, Seam Anomalies

Colonial Risk Assessment –ILI Feature Counts – Corrosion, Damage, Seam Anomalies

Colonial Risk Assessment –ILI Anomaly Feature Counts – One Mile Segments

Colonial Risk Assessment –ILI Anomaly Feature Counts – One Mile Segments

Colonial Risk Assessment –Geoprocessing RequirementsResolve Linear Overlap

linear feature with overlap in same pipeline rangehydrotests and HCA segments are good examplessplit at intersectionsapply selection criteria to determine which overlapping segment to keep

• most recent test date• duration >= 8 hours• test pressure > 1.25 X MAOP


linear feature with overlap in same pipeline rangehydrotests and HCA segments are good examplessplit at intersectionsapply selection criteria to determine which overlapping segment to keep

• most recent test date• duration >= 8 hours• test pressure > 1.25 X MAOP



0 10000Pipe Centerline

Hydrotest 1

Hydrotest 2

Hydrotest 1: Date 3/4/2002, Duration 6 hours, Pressure: 1.5 X MAOP

Hydrotest 3

Hydrotest 2: Date 10/9/2004, Duration 12 hours, Pressure: 2 X MAOP

Hydrotest 3: Date 12/21/2003, Duration 8 hours, Pressure: 1.5 X MAOP

Result

Station Value5000

Colonial Risk Assessment –Geoprocessing RequirementsDynamic Segmentation

break at any change in attributehighest resolution of the input data


break at any change in attributehighest resolution of the input data



0 10000Pipe Centerline

Coating

Wall Thickness

ILI Corrosion Density

DynSeg Result

FBE CTE

.194”.172”

0.01.2682.0

FBE

.172”

2.0

FBE

.194”

2.0

FBE

.194”

1.268

CTE

.194”

1.268

CTE

.194”

0.0

50432544 6032 8766 Station Value

Colonial Risk Assessment –Geoprocessing RequirementsGenerate point densities on segments resulting from Dynamic Segmentation

leaks by typepipeline markersvalvespipe attachments (taps)line crossing by typeunauthorized encroachments

Colonial Risk Assessment –Geoprocessing RequirementsGenerate point densities on segments resulting from Dynamic Segmentation

leaks by typepipeline markersvalvespipe attachments (taps)line crossing by typeunauthorized encroachments

Colonial Risk Assessment –DynSeg Point Densities – Road Crossings

Colonial Risk Assessment –DynSeg Point Densities – Road Crossings

Colonial Risk Assessment –Set Constants and Parameters

Global variables utilized in algorithm set in one location (isolated from algorithm)Numerous “Max” values from Dynamic Segmentation results

abnormal operations variablesone call densityunauthorized encroachmentscrossing densities

Colonial Risk Assessment –Set Constants and Parameters

Global variables utilized in algorithm set in one location (isolated from algorithm)Numerous “Max” values from Dynamic Segmentation results

abnormal operations variablesone call densityunauthorized encroachmentscrossing densities

Colonial Risk Assessment –Setting Global VariablesColonial Risk Assessment –Setting Global Variables

Colonial Risk Assessment –Setting “Maximum” VariablesColonial Risk Assessment –Setting “Maximum” Variables

Colonial Risk Assessment –“Lookup” of Risk Weighting Values

Translate variable values to weighting valuesString variables – examples

external coating typebank protection quality

Numeric variables (range lookups) – examplesnumber of years since last CIS surveydepth of cover

Colonial Risk Assessment –“Lookup” of Risk Weighting Values

Translate variable values to weighting valuesString variables – examples

external coating typebank protection quality

Numeric variables (range lookups) – examplesnumber of years since last CIS surveydepth of cover

Colonial Risk Assessment –Lookup – Risk Weighting ValuesColonial Risk Assessment –Lookup – Risk Weighting Values

Colonial Risk Assessment –Algorithm Expressions

Utilize enhanced “CalcField” toolCalculates multiple fields simultaneouslyDynamically adds the field to the output theme if necessaryDynamically replaces VBA or Calc expressions with variables created elsewhereUltra-fast ADO2 calculation method

Colonial Risk Assessment –Algorithm Expressions

Utilize enhanced “CalcField” toolCalculates multiple fields simultaneouslyDynamically adds the field to the output theme if necessaryDynamically replaces VBA or Calc expressions with variables created elsewhereUltra-fast ADO2 calculation method

Colonial Risk Assessment –Algorithm Expressions - CalcFieldColonial Risk Assessment –Algorithm Expressions - CalcField

Colonial Risk Assessment –Results Rollup

Summarize risk results to various levels1,000 foot segmentspiggable segmentsHCA Segments

Define rollup expressionLength Weighted formulaSUM((([EndStation] - [BeginStation])/ [SEG_LENGTH]) * [RISK])

Colonial Risk Assessment –Results Rollup

Summarize risk results to various levels1,000 foot segmentspiggable segmentsHCA Segments

Define rollup expressionLength Weighted formulaSUM((([EndStation] - [BeginStation])/ [SEG_LENGTH]) * [RISK])


Length Weighted RiskSUM((([EndStation] - [BeginStation]) / [SEG_LENGTH]) * [RISK])


Length Weighted RiskSUM((([EndStation] - [BeginStation]) / [SEG_LENGTH]) * [RISK])

0 1000

1,000 Foot Segment

504254 603 876 Station ValueDynSeg Result

(254 – 0) / 1000 * 747.23 = 189.79

Risk = 747.23

(603 – 504) / 1000 * 2423.93 = 239.97

Risk = 2423.93

(876 - 603) / 1000 * 248.74 = 67.91

Risk = 248.74

(504 - 254) / 1000 * 3012.61 = 753.15

Risk = 3012.61

(1000 - 876) / 1000 * 545.97 = 67.70

Risk = 545.97

Length Weighted Risk:

1318.52189.79 + 753.15 + 239.97 + 67.91 + 67.70 =

Colonial Risk Assessment –Symbolized Risk Results – 1,000 foot segmentsColonial Risk Assessment –Symbolized Risk Results – 1,000 foot segments

Colonial Risk Assessment – ResultsColonial Risk Assessment – ResultsLine XX Weighted Risk - 1,000 Foot Segments

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Colonial Risk Assessment – ResultsColonial Risk Assessment – Results

Colonial Risk Assessment – ResultsColonial Risk Assessment – Results

Documents

Colonial Pipeline Company Managing Operational Risk