Collocations Advanced Felicity O'Dell Michael McCarthy English
Collocations in AdvancedUse Felicity O'Dell Michael McCarthy
Howwords worktogether forfluentand naturalEnglish Self-studyand
classroomuse .I![II!ICAMBR l DGE VUNTVERSfI'YI'KSS UNI VERSITYPRE
.. Cambridge. New Ylll1:, Melbourne,Madrid. Thwn, Singapore, sao
Paulo,Delhi Cambridge Univcrsity Press The Ildjnburgh
Buikling,Cambridge Cl'!28RU,UK Information on this
title:wwwcambfidge. orp,/97S0521707800 CQl.m.lnidgcUniversity Pr=;
2008 Thit publicalion i< m ""P)'riRht.Subjea 10 JU.Nlory and to
the provisions ofrebanl no reproduCtion Dr any pan"""y take
withoUithe wriutn pennissiOll of Cambridge UniversityPres" Fim
published 2008 Prinl win l tllly by LE.Go. S_pA, La ... ;, (TN) 1\
=rd Jhr rhi.uMablenOunS: Bya,(roke of lock T foundIll)"kc)"
.inthembbishbin![sudden,uuex!'"C1edpieceof luck] Sfln'tforgetto
nseinvertedcomma,. How many result,do yODgCIforeach?What doe.Ihi,
sugge't about whetherthe. e phra,e,are collocaliomor not? """
acone. rt c"t pl1)' """ mil. 4.4Goto www.natcom.ox.ac.nk. Type
inthe word,below. Notethenumbe,of limes the words apj:>earinlbe
samecollocation. ,ISin,be SentenCe,in4.2.Do Iheyoften collocate
withany other words? 4.5 !II "P'"'' 'O''' nigglingtribute a j
Answer the, eque'tions. 1What field do yOIlworkin, or plan
toworkin? 2 do YOllenjoy doing at theweekend? 3What i., or wa.,
your. ubi""tat sdloolor college? 4Howdidyou,pendyourIa,tholiday!
5'i':'hat didyou havetoeat ye'terday? 6 wa,the book)'oureadl hi Now
u,e adiclionary 10finddIre. collocations ,hat rdatetoeato1-6.
Findthe hylooking upkc}word,, . Iating toyour answer.For exampl
e,if your toquestion.1 wa,medicine, youcould lookup keyword,suoh
ill and surgical tofindsuch collocation, top",cribe medication,
terminally ill,a surgical procedure. cJNow writCex.mpk u,ing
thecollocati",,. }"OUhave found. Enrfidprelend 10bWei"Joo....,..
tOr"" c()ilor... ;byI May.'Youh""" tohand inY""'" assignments by1
Mil)': - .." Stud.n" may reque.t anextension .ft.rYouClIOa.k foe an
extension . lter con,ultinr; theie tutor.ullOmOtl1inl:b.d --foot
to.bil l0100 who< nIJ- t ho P' )'ini company isfootin,thebill.
-leorn )0head. at eam worlci "i onerim.p,..vtiof\.le>d proj e"'
i roup ", mom .. onH.... .,'t hree. on." odorthe .go 0( fi kee p.'
''y 1C_aod theirtc>,,,pm on c""". nhas an ere for asko. r to
bool.- or lmacroo"'.... in your mind - '0 tw., .......
coIbt.""",,-8Intensifying andsoftening adverbs Adverbsa reoften"
..dbd orc adjectives and verbseither tostrengthentilCirmeani1lg
{intcn.ifyingor toWlwere,Iighdy olfen,iv".(", Ittner - alittlebit)
Intensifying adverbs howintensifying adverbs are usedto ll",an'
extremd y'or ' oompletdy' inthe sente
nce,1""low.Theexpressionsm.,hd wi th 'a rCveryinforma l. Jane
[call)' enjoy,doing hOllsework.You,hould seeher llat - it',always
'potlc;'Siyclean. It wa,downright rllsun,hine! r 2.3Rl::wrilC
eachsente n usingIh. wordin 1"The n:a:ssion lhal.he company '0some
wo. kellredlindJIlI.(I..\Y) 1Yom "'m;] yrull y
bemo..,i,nporunu10)'011tha..YOIIt'in paTticu.lar job I
3.1Complt'1ethi,paragmph...;ng..",ds fromIll",!>oxin t!;.,frm.
Melwas' '''p,i,od bUI","ppywj l)..3joh on loxol lI, w5paperas soon
a,.foelef, uni vmity. Sfoewa,I.Urp. i. eJ 1>ec3."""di dn't
f.dIhat, he(2) ...... _.... _.. _. thejl)l> but ,
foewashQpp)003t>1Ie$II", ""dalwaysd''''3nonf wo.ki,,\: as "
jOlln-ali, l . Sn "'" didn't. .... lIymindwhe"sher""ndthai shewaS
.n. ibility. 13 . 3Complc'le.oct. ="'N""liooP\;ng acoIlOCJlionfrom
11",oppMito:page' 0rna"'D agtee wi,b A say A:I
thinl:thatMielewililoavonbIy"" p.1I"tiwt..rty """", to.,.,.. '"
'-om-"< a>1Ioatio ... th.. ...,..'" 10 I""'" o-r
prcoto,,,ond'IeLoot 0ey'")'.bey Me l l",auy well""lilt I() nK'dIn,
lhrlr fuIthe lirst quarter, 'J hoi, nc'Wrrwxlo:h", jlll:O into
production'in nl)l...."',oIpI_n, '" l'IIolIcI_!..wry .. Ih:The.
spoI;eop.:nn>. Mori:MuUhInImpo'u. Exercises 15.1Arethese
sentences trueor false? 1Ahusin..,willfe-dworriedif t necompany
adecli"" in demand fOTitsPToo"cts. 2A businessCEOi.pleasedif
thecompany nO{ meetitsquarterlysal estarget' . 3Ahih inthe- priceof
raw materiaL,islikelytopJ"("f;e-nt"difficult forbu.in". that uses
thosematerial . 4andstaff willpromotetheirprooucu 'selling points.
5Busines,managers are likelytobehapp)' about c.llmg intncreceivers.
6A companyi, likelytofedmore,ecure if ithas narrow profit margin .
15.2Complete enchsentence usinga word fromthe- opposite page. 1It
was",ad day forthecompany when it finallyhadto callinthe . 2rm
"\teyou'llagreethat our new mobilephoneha,anumberof unique,elling
3Weuse aprofessional accountant tohelp usbalan"" our
........................ ... . . 4Thebankagreedthat our
planssoundbu.ineM 5Wem",t ensureth"t theresearch project do-.snot
neg.ri\el) affect thebottom 6Welookforw"rdto next spring.when0."
exciting newlinewillgointo 7Allyour hard work will e\' enmally pay
............... .. SWe are confidentthat our newbus;"" ..
strateJ;ywillhelpI}{}()"both,ales and 15.3Correct
Ihecollocationerrocs inthese sentences. 1'l'hecompany i.
plea..,dtoreport astrong increaseinprofits overthelastquarter. 2The
newhealthsafety commime istobetabledb)'aretireddoctor.
3Thereisincreasingly high competition betwernairline companies.
4'lhe company's export'to had considerable- growthowr the-decade.
SThc"les figuresfor1'iarch show" linledecrea,eonthose forFebmat)".
6Our sales inthedomestic marketau to a next year. 7La.t sales
weretimeslargerinEuropcth"nin8Wefeelthatthisproposal
do-.sconsiderablebusinesssense. 9Although needto reduceour
COSts,it'simportam we attainquality that our reput"tionisb"ilt On.
10Businessleadenhope newgovernment policieswill stimulus growth. I
SA abontthe collocations;nIhi.unit. IWhenmight
the'vbMgingDirectorof acomp"ny callancmergencymeeting? 2Whatkindof
age groupisa sport' car companylikelyto have asitstargetmarke"
3Wnywould shareholders beple"sedif their
company"nnouncedrecordprofits? 4Inwhat situations other
thanbusiness do peopk setthemseh' esobj ective. ? 5Namethree
thing,that abusiness wouldhave to allocateof it,b\ldget to.
6Howmight" company tryto&imulategrowthin demandforits products,
On ' hIl fOld"'poet>on,",0",1milliontion,",I.ti "!:" pic 0/
cu"om. r ,er..-i c by looking >t ,h.CU'tomOr . o,.k p"feot
.comp. nywob$lto, for . ""mpl. , thatot JoIlnL......i".&' p.
rtmen, ,toro: www Mokr, 01. nyintor.,tin!col 'x.oo",_ , _J
Exercises r 6. rLook at A. Correct the collocation errors inthese .
entence.'. 1 you ever madeacomplaintothenbout the foodin
arestaurant: 2I hatemaking lti""" tocaveryquick 9The t
estha,beendesigned toenablepupils todemon'trate their 10I hop" to
studytM,..,but Imay notbe ableto meetthe entry heart. place.
education. ability reqUIrements. agility. leuner. marh . leXls.
improvement. 17.3Completethi,teacher's letter totheparents of
aproblempupil. ---nn r Mr:u>dMrsWolf. Wc>IeYOI)'cCCmM ,hoot
Potor',[)eh. vioor. H"ho,pl , },I Il\m: .1h"been :;cen
inlownin,chool h""".Whetlhedoc, come to dOlI>. hi,
attOlllion(2)_ -._ ..... ,.,.,., ... , " "" '"". ilJld hedoc, not
"""Ill .ole w n,. Thi, i, .. lu t )'dertako 1It i.ahugeta,kto
2Fischler ,.,., . .. . . ,.,."". ".,. ,.""., a.mdy involving
hnndred,of parricipams. her findingsat anbiochemistry
conierencoIa,t year. 3Chapter 2.. . ....... the lit.ranue onurban
regeneration and concludesthat moreresearch isneeded. 4I have. ...
... arationale forthe ,rociy in the introdnction tod,iseSlay. 5The
" ,earch ..... ""." "....that owning aJ"'t increa,eslifeexpectlncy
by five )' ears. 6The next 'tep wasto......................... the
theorybycarrying out a,et of eXp"riments. 7n,e
e>say.............. ................ alot of ground, 8Thebook..
... ............... , anumlxrof issueswhichwereprevio",lyignored.
9The lecturer .. ........................ the caSeforadramatic
changeineconon,icpolicy. 18.2Rewrite eachsentellce usinga formof
the word.inbracket. IThe ,ystem of ,taudard, forconducting
re,.archaredescribedinthe universiry',re,earch manual.(El'HlC)
2Youn"d to make an examination andjndgement of the
argumentswhichisvery detail. d.(DEml.CRITIQue) 3Youn""dto readbooks
andarticles which give YOllinformationaboot the , object.
4YOlldothe analysi, inorderto6ndOutwhether the dataindicate that
your inirialidea wa, correct.(HYrIT time.he cOO'Iesit
woo'tt>elOl, ,time where people can givetheircomplete am mion to
eachother hrid and vcryhmy visit ,non-'top ",( of , orial ev.nt.
Permiston International YouthFestival . ..... lei "" Ib",b.C,,,,
,,,,i],Onbt]",]r "'-'10"r""i", ]Com";"",,, r", pl.,; .. ... I
100'..., _ftUpl io"['" 0"' ;"""",',,n,1IIocotionexQmplemeaninz
TVdrama.todayu Il>IJGuA("'i 8Such statements tendtoberather
mcaningkss.(EIROAD) 9Tbeway hebegantheconversationlookmeby
,urprise, (CA""lT) 10The children nskedmelots and lotsof questions
aboutm)'trip.(SOMBARD) 21News Politicicalheadlines A PM
APRILEI.ECJ'lON' BMINISTERRESIGNSFROM OFFICE GI (lIL\RREGIME
TOPI'Lfl)' c PARTY SECURES SLIMMAJORITyl H1.F.Fr t'KOCLAIMS
VIL'TORy5 D DECLARE I ARMY SEIZESPOWER E HUMILIATING DEFEAT J
!"IlESWENTDELIVERSKEYSPIT I officially,nno"",,", that an ekction
willtake pl aa 1winsa "nnllmajority < ljournahstic)!!la de t
of.!11(o!regimeor go\,cmmont) 1 publicly appear. toI"united,Ill.h,
an,,!Jici . l of vicrory (formal,journalisticlmoles/givcpp_nt of
>pp . .. _ h",irICIcuinoinour dr,_mmothing iopit.oreqo""
madebee,u,",ohtroili . M ....ty,"treati 1"'l11lonl .... oIden
...
.........thinlo.thepoliti"reoIymum toonun....,., .....
1,...,...rIcwhich "" ... .......theparty - II _jus'should
no1"",d(hol>,,,so:)' Ikth:Well. ,here;I' of n .....
IeiSUI'twt'3r hi' ,I"high 11'. b.u.edon,I.e ....,l i'" "Y
"ollie;,huildingnp Onallavproach 'oad, andisnoteXp"c"dto 0"'0
off"Juring tho ,1>r .. hour>. I p,",'enteJfromc",, 'i nninga,
",ual lmaJbear left' at a ;.mctbo.rod I went right! I'd , never
g:good"'tail""tk-IS,YGU'I!,",nemb. ,at Ih, I""team lIl.:eovernmenl
has!",ssedr>0willie".u, in h"""cJ. at [he 1"",1.Thepurpose of
II,. risk ",,"ssment i, (0miui"'e" daolil"r to employee, also
tomal:;"il easi. ,.fGremployers 10",l;"fy th" .....luir."'e])!' of
Ule""gulat""". All ocpa'tme"' he"",hueobligation [0road
(heinf(H"malio"inthoc"rof"ny.Pie"""do '0, a,>eClllljXJSb. nk-h.
"" a t N m there whichin l>eipi"'l:\lu6ent'wiH, fi rl;l "cwi
matters. If)'OO intodebt try 10d . ul your debt, soonJ\ possible.
IIf thing"'" difficult,youmayhill'\:to economj",by,"y, cutting
dawnonIU.urfH.This isf. r betterthilnlu ..... ingupdebt,',
Ifyooh.,... acreditclrd dolbt,trytom.ke. poyment
lNer'jlllooth.I'>c:twe-sm. U.N."", """",d youruedit limit. It's
abild toborrow to furAlw")""'"' ad'Ylcefrom yOIIfban.abwt howtode..
andI"'Y funup..,if youCJnit.!Iyoudon""d r_ember thatn>udI
jyur-olds consuming ok ""uL TheIll S abig proIl kmwith___ __ .. ..
,.... ,.. ,., .... ,., .. 4Th.t part of thehon.:In y homes where
peopl e bd ,,,veve' y b3dlywitb regardl' ... e bnlaotic - I can
c... get []fl ;"..,,,,;i ,,,, myc.....""rto\l I tr ...... " let .nd
l osgreit tobe"b!r \0 remote Inyemail, Rernember wherlyoohad10 I
off the""fa to ,wiloh00yoortcack "00 wI1i teTIi7 )'OUturn )'OUrTV
m'00 lil remot" o.ntrol' TV- the pid.... e l:; !Jnt;;"f" Ct>'Tl
Pded wl:h iJek. ma,sivehe.rt .tt>.,kHe",f/"",d amas.l ...eheart
attack.very . ..iou,he.rt .tt>.ok -""time iyl prerMt" '" W.we,
11 ..bytheY"""l:death ", too early an.ge
doothwom:m',untim.lylp...,m"tu..., duth. '"-, languageof ""akt>'
, ,,thei., ; , i.aim. d; , --Exercises 37.1Look at A.Combine the
words inthe box toformeight collocations. build rod"". ..gentle
c.,i'lance 00 00 ," do.r>joy.x."i..,port ""oIthI your"rl,
41Youthandage Childhood Ever,inceh.wasall e",Jx,mbaby,Horace',
adoringparentsconvincedhewa, achildprodig),land panderodto his
every whiml , sothat he "oongrew intoa'poilrA,ayuungteenager,he
hung around with the reSl01thetown's disaffectedYOlllh\and
\Va,Onthe vergeof becoming ajuveniledolinquontS.BUTthenammic
teacher ,..lised hehadatalent for singmgandhdpe,1himtosee error of
hisW3y,6.He the Ie,! of hr..teenageyears,ing;"gf(J(agroup
whichmadeacOll.idcmblc contribution topopnlar youth culture.
Igenius 1dideverylittlethat how.lnted even whenit \Va.not
approp,iau 1(inform,l,disapproving)annnpleosalltchild,
onewhobeh",-"badly andwhose pare"" allowtobehaveas hel,he wi,he,
Middle age v"ung peopl e who do nO[accep[ . "citty', value,
,acriminal whoi ,"ill k'&'lllyamino, ,und."rnnclhi ,mi"akes Amy
andStewa"got marritd young.'lbey hadahahy'andth. n almost at
one.and qoicklyfellinto Ihc patternof familyIi.. Th. y so
mucnonproviding a stab!nvironmenl fur child(Cllthat
theytheirrclation,nipand,oon b.gan to lake each
otherforgranted1.The children left horn..and wentoff to university
andStewartb. gan to go throush amidlifr: He .aid he walbor.
dwithhis daily tontinc andhcwanted to gooff and travel tM world
whilehe wa. oIlomopzi r>e.,m.1+owmanr c"Hoc.,i" ", from'M UM c.
n youfiod'""1 i ......' ting ".... ce>l!oc",iont youlindinit.
43Criticising people Lecturers and !itudents
Student,lh ... day,are""ttheyu",dtobe.Half of themorebonc
idl.]andthemheTShm"""n"ttimde pmblem".TheySeemtoictanyone
intolIojversirythese days - I have >cry,Iippery customer)illone
of my class",.He",mOTem!c,estcdinmindless "iolone.thanhooks"nd is
readytn piLk. fight4 atany opporlllllity.
(informal)extremelyIa,_)"1an.gative,unoooperati>. attitude
(infOfmal)'OrMon,who Cannotbetrust,,1provoh afight
Lecturer'thesedays saythat ,rodent,hal'c fl" respect lorauthority
but they ,eem 10holdu' inc""tempte'. 1 alway. seem to lah the
flak"jf lhere\ "probleminostf.t-yha", decidedthot I am adi,ruptive
inAuencc' whopo"ons the almosp/l.re for()ther student'.But,"l...e
it,if a cia" isadisaster,lhe blamer""I"birl)' andsquarelywi,h
thelecturer.Thcy "hnuldn't beto sbickth.i:rr .. WlISstudent.
'd"pi,e'be held r.,ponsible7romen"" who cncouroG"'other,to k havein
"'0)' it i,the faultofno "ncntiontotheir responsibilitie, Critical
exclamations Thesecollexation. arequiteforcdul,but can.Iso
beosedhumotollSiy. Arising intonation combined witha'milewillsoften
them. 'I am youwould,toop tothot level!'[dn ,o;omcthing",badas
that] 'That w", areally dittytricktothing todo] 'I think Ron i,
0nost)' of work!'[anumrustwnrthyperson I 'Your was totally oUlof
ord",,!'rver)'inoppmpri""J 'It """adownright di!lS.
1anuntru,tw(}flhyporson 2, . mole"lyviok mb."hay;our 3not
takc(>!lc'sdutie,seriously 4pnw(}ke afight 5beblam"d
6'poilthemood 7d. 'pise 8anegative impact(on olMr poople)
43.2Findacollocalion0tIthe oppo,ite page that could be ",. d
abootth.,e pwpk . 1A colleaguc,5u".do.,n't seemtoYOll10doany
work,111. Sue',, 1Another .HohoIanexte mi"" I ..
comprehens;""knowledge of .. ' ubjoet>, H. ho,g,oxpo .... of
!aere',ample' roam f'M1"""'","'" ,!oJrt> it',00(1,
Other expl"essions about sizeand quantity Wecouldn'tbelieve the
,heer quantity of foodonlh,- tahlc.[thosurprisinglylarge amount]
There'sonlya finitenumber "f day,untilth" exam. [limitednumber]
"J"h.ro",n i, agood.ize. [quit.larg.] A teacher needs tdjoke,.
Theyastronomicalfeeslor the COm"'.l.'eryhigh] w. hadabumpercropof
tomatoe,last year and I gave away 1().[informal; '''''1' large
crop] Unemploymentreachedepicproportionsand thisledto
,ocialinsubility. Therockstar diedfromama.siv.""erdose of Iwa,
amaud hy the sheer .iz;e of hi.office. Anoverwhel mingmajorityof
thepopulation arein 01rdrm. I visit.d a1m"f differ.Dt relative,
anddrank an inordinateamouutof lea. Try tol1seawide rnngeof
"",abulary inyour .say. "J"h. rei,awide variety/choice of things
todohere inthe evenings. Thenew math,teacher i,anunknown
quantity.Ihope,h,,'11geton wellWiThthestudent,. [aperson or thing
whosenrc not yet dear] Common errors Th"rc arCanumberof
errorsoftel1madehylearners when talking about quantity or site.
cor"", WOrd(l )CO/iOCi1!"'with.w'''''r wOld($)
minority n""""or, quantity, --largequant"Y. amoun(,
numbe"nujority!",... I",,. hizh
...
importance. ' ign ifibout UIlj>pI< boinJ arne ON8OROf.R]
flNAlI.Y NEARSREl't.lIL1C BRE"liS DIPW,,""l'I(:STARRUMOUIS'
OfDIVORCE CLEARSUP CONTUSJONI A HOUT!.VRl eS J WITH"t:JGIiBOliRS 1
meh.,. poopleworry .bout z ( Oln O anunMoocr ... f
..lconnrchengineoccorputa, on bon hr. Korl,Ycs,but inoth. ,respKo
rr'ydid,,', ,u
