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EB
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Sem
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furS
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t
Collocational Prepositional PhrasesBeata TrawinskiUniversity of Tubingen
Workshop
Empirie und Theorie idiosynkratischer Verbindungen
des Projekts A5
SFB 441
Universitat Tubingen
5.-6. Dezember 2004
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.1
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tP �N �P �NP Expressions
P � + N + P � + NP
in connection with this problem
by dint of hard work
by means of natural selection
in contrast to international trends
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.2
EB
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tP �N �P �NP Expressions
P � + N + P � + NP
in connection with this problem
by dint of hard work
by means of natural selection
in contrast to international trends
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.2
EB
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tP �N �P �NP Expressions
P � + N + P � + NP
in connection with this problem
by dint of hard work
by means of natural selection
in contrast to international trends
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.2
EB
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furS
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tP �N �P �NP Expressions
P � + N + P � + NP
in connection with this problem
by dint of hard work
by means of natural selection
in contrast to international trends
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.2
EB
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furS
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tP �N �P �NP Expressions
P � + N + P � + NP
in connection with this problem
by dint of hard work
by means of natural selection
in contrast to international trends
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.2
EB
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tCollocational Prepositional Phrases (CPPs) in Other Languages
French: en face de (‘in front of’), en dépit de (‘in spite of’)
Spanish: al lado de (‘next to’), en casa de (‘near to’)
Swedish: med hjälp av (‘by dint of’), i stället för (‘instead of’)
English: in view of, in spite of, by dint of
Polish: w zwiazku z (‘in connection with’), z uwagi na (‘by virtue of’)
Dutch: ten opzichte van (‘with respect to’), in verband met (‘in connection with’)
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.3
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tCPPs in German
an Hand von (‘by means of’),
in Hinblick auf (‘in terms of’),
in Verbindung mit (‘in connection with’),
mit Hilfe von (‘by dint of’)
in Zusammenhang mit (‘in connection with’),
in Anbetracht von (‘in view of’),
etc.
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.4
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tCPPs in German
an Hand von (‘by means of’),
in Hinblick auf (‘in terms of’),
in Verbindung mit (‘in connection with’),
mit Hilfe von (‘by dint of’)
in Zusammenhang mit (‘in connection with’),
in Anbetracht von (‘in view of’),
etc.
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.4
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tCPPs in German
an Hand von (‘by means of’),
in Hinblick auf (‘in terms of’),
in Verbindung mit (‘in connection with’),
mit Hilfe von (‘by dint of’)
in Zusammenhang mit (‘in connection with’),
in Anbetracht von (‘in view of’),
etc.
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.4
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tCPPs in German
an Hand von (‘by means of’),
in Hinblick auf (‘in terms of’),
in Verbindung mit (‘in connection with’),
mit Hilfe von (‘by dint of’)
in Zusammenhang mit (‘in connection with’),
in Anbetracht von (‘in view of’),
etc.
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.4
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tCPPs in German
an Hand von (‘by means of’),
in Hinblick auf (‘in terms of’),
in Verbindung mit (‘in connection with’),
mit Hilfe von (‘by dint of’)
in Zusammenhang mit (‘in connection with’),
in Anbetracht von (‘in view of’),
etc.
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.4
EB
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tCPPs in German
an Hand von (‘by means of’),
in Hinblick auf (‘in terms of’),
in Verbindung mit (‘in connection with’),
mit Hilfe von (‘by dint of’)
in Zusammenhang mit (‘in connection with’),
in Anbetracht von (‘in view of’),
etc.
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.4
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tCPPs in German
an Hand von (‘by means of’),
in Hinblick auf (‘in terms of’),
in Verbindung mit (‘in connection with’),
mit Hilfe von (‘by dint of’)
in Zusammenhang mit (‘in connection with’),
in Anbetracht von (‘in view of’),
etc.Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.4
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tOverview
Syntactic properties of CPPs
Traditional analysis of PPs
Analysis of [Fries 88]
P+N as a complex lexical category
Selection
Raising analysis
Semantic aspects of CPPs
Criteria of semantic regularity for PPs
Three semantic classes of CPPs
Lexicalized Flexible Ty2 by [Sailer 03]
External selection approach of [Soehn 03]
Phrasal lexical entry approach of [Sailer 00]
Summary and Outlook
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.5
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tOverview
Syntactic properties of CPPs
Traditional analysis of PPs
Analysis of [Fries 88]
P+N as a complex lexical category
Selection
Raising analysis
Semantic aspects of CPPs
Criteria of semantic regularity for PPs
Three semantic classes of CPPs
Lexicalized Flexible Ty2 by [Sailer 03]
External selection approach of [Soehn 03]
Phrasal lexical entry approach of [Sailer 00]
Summary and Outlook
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.5
EB
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tOverview
Syntactic properties of CPPs
Traditional analysis of PPs
Analysis of [Fries 88]
P+N as a complex lexical category
Selection
Raising analysis
Semantic aspects of CPPs
Criteria of semantic regularity for PPs
Three semantic classes of CPPs
Lexicalized Flexible Ty2 by [Sailer 03]
External selection approach of [Soehn 03]
Phrasal lexical entry approach of [Sailer 00]
Summary and Outlook
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.5
EB
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tOverview
Syntactic properties of CPPs
Traditional analysis of PPs
Analysis of [Fries 88]
P+N as a complex lexical category
Selection
Raising analysis
Semantic aspects of CPPs
Criteria of semantic regularity for PPs
Three semantic classes of CPPs
Lexicalized Flexible Ty2 by [Sailer 03]
External selection approach of [Soehn 03]
Phrasal lexical entry approach of [Sailer 00]
Summary and Outlook
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.5
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furS
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tOverview
Syntactic properties of CPPs
Traditional analysis of PPs
Analysis of [Fries 88]
P+N as a complex lexical category
Selection
Raising analysis
Semantic aspects of CPPs
Criteria of semantic regularity for PPs
Three semantic classes of CPPs
Lexicalized Flexible Ty2 by [Sailer 03]
External selection approach of [Soehn 03]
Phrasal lexical entry approach of [Sailer 00]
Summary and Outlook
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.5
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tOverview
Syntactic properties of CPPs
Traditional analysis of PPs
Analysis of [Fries 88]
P+N as a complex lexical category
Selection
Raising analysis
Semantic aspects of CPPs
Criteria of semantic regularity for PPs
Three semantic classes of CPPs
Lexicalized Flexible Ty2 by [Sailer 03]
External selection approach of [Soehn 03]
Phrasal lexical entry approach of [Sailer 00]
Summary and Outlook
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.5
EB
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tOverview
Syntactic properties of CPPs
Traditional analysis of PPs
Analysis of [Fries 88]
P+N as a complex lexical category
Selection
Raising analysis
Semantic aspects of CPPs
Criteria of semantic regularity for PPs
Three semantic classes of CPPs
Lexicalized Flexible Ty2 by [Sailer 03]
External selection approach of [Soehn 03]
Phrasal lexical entry approach of [Sailer 00]
Summary and Outlook
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.5
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tOverview
Syntactic properties of CPPs
Traditional analysis of PPs
Analysis of [Fries 88]
P+N as a complex lexical category
Selection
Raising analysis
Semantic aspects of CPPs
Criteria of semantic regularity for PPs
Three semantic classes of CPPs
Lexicalized Flexible Ty2 by [Sailer 03]
External selection approach of [Soehn 03]
Phrasal lexical entry approach of [Sailer 00]
Summary and Outlook
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.5
EB
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tOverview
Syntactic properties of CPPs
Traditional analysis of PPs
Analysis of [Fries 88]
P+N as a complex lexical category
Selection
Raising analysis
Semantic aspects of CPPs
Criteria of semantic regularity for PPs
Three semantic classes of CPPs
Lexicalized Flexible Ty2 by [Sailer 03]
External selection approach of [Soehn 03]
Phrasal lexical entry approach of [Sailer 00]
Summary and Outlook
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.5
EB
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tOverview
Syntactic properties of CPPs
Traditional analysis of PPs
Analysis of [Fries 88]
P+N as a complex lexical category
Selection
Raising analysis
Semantic aspects of CPPs
Criteria of semantic regularity for PPs
Three semantic classes of CPPs
Lexicalized Flexible Ty2 by [Sailer 03]
External selection approach of [Soehn 03]
Phrasal lexical entry approach of [Sailer 00]
Summary and Outlook
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.5
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tOverview
Syntactic properties of CPPs
Traditional analysis of PPs
Analysis of [Fries 88]
P+N as a complex lexical category
Selection
Raising analysis
Semantic aspects of CPPs
Criteria of semantic regularity for PPs
Three semantic classes of CPPs
Lexicalized Flexible Ty2 by [Sailer 03]
External selection approach of [Soehn 03]
Phrasal lexical entry approach of [Sailer 00]
Summary and Outlook
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.5
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tOverview
Syntactic properties of CPPs
Traditional analysis of PPs
Analysis of [Fries 88]
P+N as a complex lexical category
Selection
Raising analysis
Semantic aspects of CPPs
Criteria of semantic regularity for PPs
Three semantic classes of CPPs
Lexicalized Flexible Ty2 by [Sailer 03]
External selection approach of [Soehn 03]
Phrasal lexical entry approach of [Sailer 00]
Summary and Outlook
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.5
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tOverview
Syntactic properties of CPPs
Traditional analysis of PPs
Analysis of [Fries 88]
P+N as a complex lexical category
Selection
Raising analysis
Semantic aspects of CPPs
Criteria of semantic regularity for PPs
Three semantic classes of CPPs
Lexicalized Flexible Ty2 by [Sailer 03]
External selection approach of [Soehn 03]
Phrasal lexical entry approach of [Sailer 00]
Summary and OutlookCollocational Prepositional Phrases – p.5
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tin Verbindung mit diesem Problem
in
in
Verbindung
connection
mit
with
diesem
this
Problem
problem
‘in connection with this problem’
mochte
would like
ich
I
darauf
DA on
hinweisen,
point out
dass ...
that
‘I would like to point out that ...’
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.6
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tin Verbindung mit diesem Problem
in
in
Verbindung
connection
mit
with
diesem
this
Problem
problem
‘in connection with this problem’
mochte
would like
ich
I
darauf
DA on
hinweisen,
point out
dass ...
that
‘I would like to point out that ...’
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.6
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tThe Structure of the PP in einer engen Verbindung mit den Beratern
P’
Pin (‘in’) NP
Deiner (‘a’) N’’
Aengen (‘close’) N’
NVerbindung(‘connection’)
PPmit den Beratern
(‘with the advisers’ )
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.7
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tQuantification, Determination, Modification, P �NP Omission
inin
*einer/a/
*der/the/
*seiner/his/
*PetersPeter’s
Verbindungconnection
mitwith
diesemthis
Problemproblem
...
inin
*enger/close/
*unerwarteterunexpected
Verbindungconnection
mitwith
diesemthis
Problemproblem
...
inin
[Verbindungconnection
mitwith
diesemthis
Problem],problem
*diewhich
unsus
betrifftconcerns
...
*inin
Verbindungconnection
...
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.8
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tQuantification, Determination, Modification, P �NP Omission
inin
*einer/a/
*der/the/
*seiner/his/
*PetersPeter’s
Verbindungconnection
mitwith
diesemthis
Problemproblem
...
inin
*enger/close/
*unerwarteterunexpected
Verbindungconnection
mitwith
diesemthis
Problemproblem
...
inin
[Verbindungconnection
mitwith
diesemthis
Problem],problem
*diewhich
unsus
betrifftconcerns
...
*inin
Verbindungconnection
...
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.8
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tQuantification, Determination, Modification, P �NP Omission
inin
*einer/a/
*der/the/
*seiner/his/
*PetersPeter’s
Verbindungconnection
mitwith
diesemthis
Problemproblem
...
inin
*enger/close/
*unerwarteterunexpected
Verbindungconnection
mitwith
diesemthis
Problemproblem
...
inin
[Verbindungconnection
mitwith
diesemthis
Problem],problem
*diewhich
unsus
betrifftconcerns
...
*inin
Verbindungconnection
...
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.8
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tQuantification, Determination, Modification, P �NP Omission
inin
*einer/a/
*der/the/
*seiner/his/
*PetersPeter’s
Verbindungconnection
mitwith
diesemthis
Problemproblem
...
inin
*enger/close/
*unerwarteterunexpected
Verbindungconnection
mitwith
diesemthis
Problemproblem
...
inin
[Verbindungconnection
mitwith
diesemthis
Problem],problem
*diewhich
unsus
betrifftconcerns
...
*inin
Verbindungconnection
...
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.8
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tThe Analysis of Fries (1988)
P’
PNP
diesem Problem(‘this problem’)
Pin (‘in’)
NVerbindung
(‘connection’)
Pmit (‘with’)
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.9
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tArguments against the Analysis of Fries (1988)
mit Hilfe ??von dem Buch/ des Bucheswith help of the book/ the book �� �
‘by dint of the book’
inin
Verbindungconnection
womit/damitWO with/ DA with
‘in connection with what/with it’
inin
Verbindungconnection
mitwith
diesemthis
Problemproblem
undand
mitwith
seinerits
Losungsolution
‘in connection with this problem and with its solution’
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.10
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tArguments against the Analysis of Fries (1988)
mit Hilfe ??von dem Buch/ des Bucheswith help of the book/ the book �� �
‘by dint of the book’
inin
Verbindungconnection
womit/damitWO with/ DA with
‘in connection with what/with it’
inin
Verbindungconnection
mitwith
diesemthis
Problemproblem
undand
mitwith
seinerits
Losungsolution
‘in connection with this problem and with its solution’
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.10
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tArguments against the Analysis of Fries (1988)
mit Hilfe ??von dem Buch/ des Bucheswith help of the book/ the book �� �
‘by dint of the book’
inin
Verbindungconnection
womit/damitWO with/ DA with
‘in connection with what/with it’
inin
Verbindungconnection
mitwith
diesemthis
Problemproblem
undand
mitwith
seinerits
Losungsolution
‘in connection with this problem and with its solution’
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.10
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tin Verbindung as a Complex Lexical Category
P’
PPP
mit diesem Problem(‘with this problem’)
Pin (‘in’)
NVerbindung
(‘connection’)
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.11
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tArguments against this Analysis
imin
Verlauf/Verlaufecourse/course e
vonof
Jahrhundertencenturies
‘in the course of the centuries’
zumto
Preis/Preiseprice/price e
vonof
4040
EuroEuro
‘at a price of 40 Euro’
imin
Fall/Fallecase/case e
vonof
Mangelndeficit
‘in case of deficit’
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.12
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tSelection
P’’
P’PP
mit diesem Problem(‘with this problem’)
Pin (‘in’)
NVerbindung
(‘connection’)
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.13
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tArguments against Selection
inin
Verbindungconnection
mitwith
/ *zuto
/ *inin
diesemthis
Problemproblem
‘in connection with / *to / *in this problem’
inin
Bezugregard
aufon
/ *durchthrough
/ *uberover
diesesthis
Problemproblem
‘in regard to / *through / *over this problem’
aufon
Grundbasis
vonof
/ *mitwith
/ *vorbefore
diesemthis
Problemproblem
‘by virtue of / *with / *before this problem’
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.14
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tRaising Analysis
P’’
P’PP
mit diesem Problem(‘with this problem’)
Pin (‘in’)
NVerbindung
(‘connection’)
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.15
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tThe Simplified Structure of Signs in HPSG
�����������
sign
PHON list
SYNSEM
�����
LOC
�����
CAT
�����
VAL��
SPR list
SUBJ list
COMPS list
ARG-ST list
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.16
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tSpecification of Selectional Properties of Non-Rasing Predicats
��������
word
SYNSEM
�����
LOC
�����
CAT
�����
VAL
��
SPR �
SUBJ
1
�
COMPS 2
ARG-ST
1
�
2
�
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.17
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tThe Lexical Entry of the Auxiliary wollen (‘want’)
���������������������������
word
PHON
�
wollen
�
SYNS
�����������������
LOC
�����������������
CAT
���������������
VAL
�����������
SPR
� �
SUBJ
�
1
�
COMPS 2
�
3
�LOC
�CAT
�HEAD verb
VAL
�
COMPS 2
� ��
�����������
ARG-ST
�
1 , 3
�
����������������
������������������
������������������
����������������������������
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.18
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tThe Structure of the VP Peter das Buch lesen will
VP
NPPeter
(‘Peter’)V’’
NPdas Buch
(‘the book’)V’
Vlesen
(‘read’)
Vwill
(‘wants’)
1
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.19
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tTwo Uses of in
in einer engen Verbindung mit den Beraternin a close connection with the advisors
‘in a close connection with the advisors’
inin
Verbindungconnection
mitwith
diesemthis
Problemproblem
‘in connection with this problem’
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.20
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tTwo Uses of in
in einer engen Verbindung mit den Beraternin a close connection with the advisors
‘in a close connection with the advisors’
inin
Verbindungconnection
mitwith
diesemthis
Problemproblem
‘in connection with this problem’
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.20
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tThe Relevant Part of the Lexical Entry of in
������ ��� �"!
word
PHON
#
in
$
SYNS
%
LOC
%
CAT
�!HEAD prep
ARG-ST
&'
LOC
%
CAT%
HEAD noun
()*
+*
,�,�, ,�, ,"+
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.21
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tARG-ST Mapping Lexical Principle for Prepositions
-
1
-
2./0/0/1/0/1/0/0/1/0/1/0/0/1/0/1/0/0/1/0/1/0/0/1/0/1/0/02
34140465
word
SYNS
7
LOC
7
CAT
35HEAD prep
ARG-ST 1
89
LOC
7
CAT
7
VAL
7
COMPS 2
:;<=
<>1>0>6= ? @
./0/0/1/0/1/0/0/1/0/1/0/0/1/02
1 =
./0/0/1/0/1/0/0/12A 341465LOC
7
CAT
7
VAL
341465
SPRBC
SUBJ
BCCOMPS
BC<>1>6=
<>1>6=D E
AF
LEX
GLOC
7CAT
7VAL
7COMPS
B
synsem
CH D
IJ0J0J1J0J1J0J0J1KL
9
SYNS7
LOC
7CAT
7
VAL
7
COMPS 2 M 1
:
IJ0J0J1J0J1J0J0J1J0J1J0J0J1J0K
IJ0J0J1J0J1J0J0J1J0J1J0J0J1J0J1J0J0J1J0J1J0J0J1J0J1J0J0K
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.22
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tMultiple Raising and Selection of Partially Saturated Nouns
*inin
[Verbindung]connection
[derthe
Regierung]government �� �
[mitwith
diesemthis
Problem]problem
...
*inin
[Verbindungconnection
derthe
Regierung]government
[mitwith
diesemthis
Problem]problem
...
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.23
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tMultiple Raising and Selection of Partially Saturated Nouns
*inin
[Verbindung]connection
[derthe
Regierung]government �� �
[mitwith
diesemthis
Problem]problem
...
*inin
[Verbindungconnection
derthe
Regierung]government �� �
[mitwith
diesemthis
Problem]problem
...
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.23
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tThe Structure of a PP Headed by a Raising Preposition
NPOQOROQOQOROQOQOSOSOQOSORT
word
PHON
U
in
V
SYNS
NWOROQOQOQOROSTLOC
NWOROQOQOQOROSTCAT
NWOROQOQOQOROST
HEAD 3 prep
ARG-ST
X
1
Y
LOC
Z
CAT
Z
VAL
Z
COMPS
[
2
\] ^VAL
Y
COMPS
[
2 , 1
\]
_W`R`Q`Q`Q`R`Sa_W`R`Q`Q`Q`R`Sa_W`R`Q`Q`Q`R`Sa
_P`Q`R`Q`Q`R`Q`Q`S`S`Q`S`RaNPOQOQOROQOQOROQOQOSORT
word
PHON
UVerbindung
V
SYNS 1
NPOQOQORORTLOC
NPOQOQORORTCAT
NPOQOQORORT
HEAD noun
ARG-ST <NP, 2 >
VAL
Y
COMPS
[
2
\]_P`Q`Q`R`Ra_P`Q`Q`R`Ra_P`Q`Q`R`Ra
_P`Q`Q`R`Q`Q`R`Q`Q`S`Ra
H C
NbOQOSOQOSOSOQOcT
phrase
PHON
U
in, Verbindung
V
SYNS
NbOcTLOC
NbOcTCAT
NbOcTHEAD 3
VAL
Y
COMPS
[
2
\]_b`ca_b`ca_b`ca
_b`Q`S`Q`S`S`Q`ca
NWOROQOcT
phrase
PHON
U
mit, diesem, Problem
V
SYNS 2
_W`R`Q`ca
H C
NPOQOQOROQOQOSORT
phrase
PHON
U
in, Verbindung, mit, diesem, Problem
V
SYNS
NPORTLOC
NPORTCAT
NPORTHEAD 3
VAL
Y
COMPS
U V ]_P`Ra_P`Ra_P`Ra
_P`Q`Q`R`Q`Q`S`Ra
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.24
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tRegularity Properties (RPs) for PPs
RP 1:Every element in the PP can be attributed ameaning with which it also occurs independent ofthe combination under consideration.
RP 2:The meaning of the entire PP is arrived at bycombining the meanings of its parts in a regularway.
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.25
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tRegularity Properties (RPs) for PPs
RP 1:Every element in the PP can be attributed ameaning with which it also occurs independent ofthe combination under consideration.
RP 2:The meaning of the entire PP is arrived at bycombining the meanings of its parts in a regularway.
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.25
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tin einem Buch von Chomsky
Er
he
las
read
uber
about
diese
this
Theorie
theory
‘He read about this theory’
in
in
einem
a
Buch
book
von
of
Chomsky
Chomsky
‘in a book by Chomsky’
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.26
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tin einem Buch von Chomsky
Er
he
las
read
uber
about
diese
this
Theorie
theory
‘He read about this theory’
in
in
einem
a
Buch
book
von
of
Chomsky
Chomsky
‘in a book by Chomsky’
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.26
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tThe Structure of the PP in einem Buch von Chomsky
Pd �e df ehg in’
i �e j i f e j
in (‘in’)
Dde d klnm i e im jo k im j jeinem (‘a’)
Ndnp dm g buch’
i p j im j
Buch (‘book’)
PP
chomsky
von Chomsky (‘by Chomsky’)
H C
N’dm g buch’
i
chomsky
j im j
Buch von Chomsky (‘book of Chomsky’)
C H
NPd klnm i
buch’
i
chomskyj im jo k im j j
einem Buch von Chomsky
(‘a book by Chomsky’)
H C
PPdf ehg in’
i d klnm i
buch’
icq rns tu v p j im jo k im j j j i f e j
in einem Buch von Chomsky
(‘in a book by Chomsky’)
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.27
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tThree Semantic Classes of CPPs
in Verbindung mit x(‘in connection with x’)
an Hand von x(‘by means of x’)
in Anbetracht von x(‘in consideration of x’)
RP1: Every el-ement in the PPcan be attributeda meaning withwhich it also occursindependent of thecombination underconsideration.
w x x
RP 2: The mean-ing of the entire PPis arrived at by com-bining the meaningsof its parts in a reg-ular way.
w x w
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.28
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tThe External Selection Approach of [Soehn 03]
yz{z|z}z|z{z{z{z|z}z|z}z|z|z}z|z{z{z{z�~
word
PHON
�
Anbetracht
�
SYNS 1
yz}z|z{z{z{z|z}z|z}z|z|z}z�~
LOC
yz}z|z{z{z{z|z}z|z}z|z|z}z�~
CAT
yz}z|z{z{z{z|z}z|z}z|z|z}z�~
HEAD
yz|z}z|z{z{z{z|z�~
noun
CASE dat
XSEL
yz{z�~LOC
yz{z�~CAT
yz{z�~
HEAD prep
VAL
�
COMPS�
2 , 1
�
ARG-ST�
1�
LOC
�
CAT
�
VAL
�
COMPS
�
2
� � ��
�{����
�{����
�{����
�|�}�|�{�{�{�|���
VAL
�
COMPS
�
2
�
ARG-ST
�
2
�
��}�|�{�{�{�|�}�|�}�|�|�}���
��}�|�{�{�{�|�}�|�}�|�|�}���
��}�|�{�{�{�|�}�|�}�|�|�}���
��{�|�}�|�{�{�{�|�}�|�}�|�|�}�|�{�{�{���
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.29
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tThe Phrasal Lexical Entry Approach of [Sailer 03]
The LEXICON PRINCIPLE
sign
COLL
� � ��
LE � � ... � LE � � PLE � � ... � PLE t�
The ID PRINCIPLE
phrase
COLL �� �
�HC � HA � HM � HF
�
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.30
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tThe Phrasal Lexical Entry of an Hand (‘by means’)
���������������������������������������������������
phrase
PHON 1
�
2
SYNS
���������
LOC
�������
CAT
���
HEAD 3
VAL
�
COMPS
�
NP
�
gen
��� PP�
von
���
���
CONT
�c� �� �c��� by-means-of
�� ��� � � � � �
��������
����������
DTRS
�������������
HEAD-DTR
�PHON 1
an
¡SYNS
�
LOC
�CAT
�HEAD 3 prep
��
NHEAD-DTR
�PHON 2
Hand
¡
SYNS�
LOC
�
CAT
�
HEAD noun
��
��������������
COLL
¢
����������������������������������������������������
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.31
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tThe Structure of the PP an Hand von Prolog
340414040414041465
phrasePHON
£
an, Hand
¤
SYNS
3404¥5LOC
3404¥5CAT
3404¥5
HEAD 3
VAL
9
COMPS
8
2
; :
CONT
¦¨§ ¦© ¦¨ª¬« by-means-of
(§¬® © (ª ))
<>0>¥=
<>0>¥=
<>0>¥=
COLL
G
<>0>1>0>0>1>0>1>6=
340404¥5
phrasePHON
£
von, Prolog
¤
SYNS 2
9
LOC
¯
CONT prolog
° :
COLL ?
<>0>0>¥=
H C
34040414041404041404¥5
phrase
PHON
£
an, Hand, von, Prolog
¤
SYNS
341465LOC
341465CAT
F
HEAD 3
VAL
¯
COMPS <>
°H
CONT
¦© ¦¨ª¬« by-means-of
(prolog,
©
(ª ))
<>1>6=
<>1>6=
COLL ?
<>0>0>1>0>1>0>0>1>0>¥=
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.32
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tSummary and Outlook
We have discussed syntactic properties of CPPs, pointed outproblems of previous approaches to these expressions, andprovided an HPSG-based analysis based on the raisingmechanism.
We have illustrated how the raising mechanism is used withinthe HPSG grammar framework and mentioned various linguisticphenomena that have been described using this technique.
Based on this syntactic analysis, we have investigated whetherthe semantic representation of these expressions can bederived combinatorial.
Applying two criteria of regularity, we have specified threesemantic classes of CPPs.
We have presented two HPSG-based approaches that canaccount for all these data.
In the future work, the raising analysis, the external selectionapproach and the phrasal lexical entry approach will beimplemented and their interaction tested and evaluated.
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.33
EB
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HA
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RL
SU
NIV
ER
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ÄTT
ÜB
ING
EN
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inar
furS
prac
hwis
sens
chaf
tSummary and Outlook
We have discussed syntactic properties of CPPs, pointed outproblems of previous approaches to these expressions, andprovided an HPSG-based analysis based on the raisingmechanism.
We have illustrated how the raising mechanism is used withinthe HPSG grammar framework and mentioned various linguisticphenomena that have been described using this technique.
Based on this syntactic analysis, we have investigated whetherthe semantic representation of these expressions can bederived combinatorial.
Applying two criteria of regularity, we have specified threesemantic classes of CPPs.
We have presented two HPSG-based approaches that canaccount for all these data.
In the future work, the raising analysis, the external selectionapproach and the phrasal lexical entry approach will beimplemented and their interaction tested and evaluated.
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.33
EB
ER
HA
RD
KA
RL
SU
NIV
ER
SIT
ÄTT
ÜB
ING
EN
Sem
inar
furS
prac
hwis
sens
chaf
tSummary and Outlook
We have discussed syntactic properties of CPPs, pointed outproblems of previous approaches to these expressions, andprovided an HPSG-based analysis based on the raisingmechanism.
We have illustrated how the raising mechanism is used withinthe HPSG grammar framework and mentioned various linguisticphenomena that have been described using this technique.
Based on this syntactic analysis, we have investigated whetherthe semantic representation of these expressions can bederived combinatorial.
Applying two criteria of regularity, we have specified threesemantic classes of CPPs.
We have presented two HPSG-based approaches that canaccount for all these data.
In the future work, the raising analysis, the external selectionapproach and the phrasal lexical entry approach will beimplemented and their interaction tested and evaluated.
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.33
EB
ER
HA
RD
KA
RL
SU
NIV
ER
SIT
ÄTT
ÜB
ING
EN
Sem
inar
furS
prac
hwis
sens
chaf
tSummary and Outlook
We have discussed syntactic properties of CPPs, pointed outproblems of previous approaches to these expressions, andprovided an HPSG-based analysis based on the raisingmechanism.
We have illustrated how the raising mechanism is used withinthe HPSG grammar framework and mentioned various linguisticphenomena that have been described using this technique.
Based on this syntactic analysis, we have investigated whetherthe semantic representation of these expressions can bederived combinatorial.
Applying two criteria of regularity, we have specified threesemantic classes of CPPs.
We have presented two HPSG-based approaches that canaccount for all these data.
In the future work, the raising analysis, the external selectionapproach and the phrasal lexical entry approach will beimplemented and their interaction tested and evaluated.
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.33
EB
ER
HA
RD
KA
RL
SU
NIV
ER
SIT
ÄTT
ÜB
ING
EN
Sem
inar
furS
prac
hwis
sens
chaf
tSummary and Outlook
We have discussed syntactic properties of CPPs, pointed outproblems of previous approaches to these expressions, andprovided an HPSG-based analysis based on the raisingmechanism.
We have illustrated how the raising mechanism is used withinthe HPSG grammar framework and mentioned various linguisticphenomena that have been described using this technique.
Based on this syntactic analysis, we have investigated whetherthe semantic representation of these expressions can bederived combinatorial.
Applying two criteria of regularity, we have specified threesemantic classes of CPPs.
We have presented two HPSG-based approaches that canaccount for all these data.
In the future work, the raising analysis, the external selectionapproach and the phrasal lexical entry approach will beimplemented and their interaction tested and evaluated.
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.33
EB
ER
HA
RD
KA
RL
SU
NIV
ER
SIT
ÄTT
ÜB
ING
EN
Sem
inar
furS
prac
hwis
sens
chaf
tSummary and Outlook
We have discussed syntactic properties of CPPs, pointed outproblems of previous approaches to these expressions, andprovided an HPSG-based analysis based on the raisingmechanism.
We have illustrated how the raising mechanism is used withinthe HPSG grammar framework and mentioned various linguisticphenomena that have been described using this technique.
Based on this syntactic analysis, we have investigated whetherthe semantic representation of these expressions can bederived combinatorial.
Applying two criteria of regularity, we have specified threesemantic classes of CPPs.
We have presented two HPSG-based approaches that canaccount for all these data.
In the future work, the raising analysis, the external selectionapproach and the phrasal lexical entry approach will beimplemented and their interaction tested and evaluated.
Collocational Prepositional Phrases – p.33
