College of DuPage Library 2009 Doing It In Style… Document Your Sources Using the 6 th Edition APA Publication Manual

College of DuPage Library 2009College of DuPage Library 2009

Doing It In Style…Doing It In Style…

Document Your Sources Using the Document Your Sources Using the 66thth Edition APA Publication Manual Edition APA Publication Manual


What is APA?What is APA?

Publication formatting style for Publication formatting style for the American Psychological the American Psychological Association.Association.

APA is often used in the APA is often used in the behavioral, social, and health behavioral, social, and health sciences.sciences.


Why do we format by style?Why do we format by style?

Provides a consistent format Provides a consistent format within a discipline.within a discipline.

Makes your paper easier to read Makes your paper easier to read and understand.and understand.

Protects you from plagiarism.Protects you from plagiarism.


Where does APA formatting Where does APA formatting style come from?style come from?

American Psychological American Psychological Association. (2010). Association. (2010). Publication Publication manual of the American manual of the American Psychological AssociationPsychological Association (6 (6thth ed.). Washington, DC: Author.ed.). Washington, DC: Author.


Formatting Your Paper…Formatting Your Paper…


The Overall Look:The Overall Look:

Ask your instructor for requirementsAsk your instructor for requirements!! 12 pt. Times New Roman font 12 pt. Times New Roman font

preferred or a non-serif font, but preferred or a non-serif font, but ask ask your instructoryour instructor..

Double-spaced.Double-spaced. 1 inch margins.1 inch margins. Pages are numbered.Pages are numbered. Use an abbreviated title as header.Use an abbreviated title as header.


The Title Page:The Title Page:

Papers in APA style require a Papers in APA style require a title page.title page.

Include the paper’s title and your Include the paper’s title and your name, course, professor’s name, course, professor’s name, date.name, date.

Ask your instructor for title page Ask your instructor for title page requirementsrequirements!!


Citing Your Sources…Citing Your Sources…


Why do we cite?Why do we cite?

Help people find your sourcesHelp people find your sources Show context of your researchShow context of your research Acknowledge the work of othersAcknowledge the work of others Show what information you have Show what information you have

considered in your researchconsidered in your research


In Text Citations:In Text Citations:

Sometimes called parenthetical Sometimes called parenthetical citations.citations.

Done within the text of your Done within the text of your paper after you’ve paper after you’ve quotedquoted or or paraphrasedparaphrased from a source. from a source.

Each source cited in the paper Each source cited in the paper must appear on your must appear on your “References” list and vice versa.“References” list and vice versa.


Quoting Directly:Quoting Directly:

““One of the lucky things about sleepwalking in One of the lucky things about sleepwalking in children is that it generally occurs during children is that it generally occurs during the first hour or two after a child has gone the first hour or two after a child has gone to sleep, which means that parents are to sleep, which means that parents are usually still awake” (Schenck, 2007, p.103).usually still awake” (Schenck, 2007, p.103).

OROR

Schenck (2007) remarks, “One of the lucky Schenck (2007) remarks, “One of the lucky things about sleepwalking in children is that things about sleepwalking in children is that it generally occurs during the first hour or it generally occurs during the first hour or two after a child has gone to sleep, which two after a child has gone to sleep, which means that parents are usually still awake” means that parents are usually still awake” (p. 103).(p. 103).


Paraphrasing:Paraphrasing:

Sleepwalking in children often Sleepwalking in children often happens early in their nightly sleep happens early in their nightly sleep cycle (Schenck, 2007, p. 103).cycle (Schenck, 2007, p. 103).

OROR

Schenck (2007) remarks that Schenck (2007) remarks that sleepwalking in children often sleepwalking in children often happens early in their nightly sleep happens early in their nightly sleep cycle (p.103).cycle (p.103).


The Reference List:The Reference List:

Called “References,” alphabetized by Called “References,” alphabetized by item (author or title).item (author or title).

A list of every source that you make A list of every source that you make reference to in your paper.reference to in your paper.

Provides the information necessary Provides the information necessary for a reader to locate and retrieve for a reader to locate and retrieve any sources cited in your paper.any sources cited in your paper.

Each source cited in the paper must Each source cited in the paper must appear on the References list, and appear on the References list, and vice versa.vice versa.


Elements of a Citation:Elements of a Citation:

Citations should contain the following Citations should contain the following information in this order:information in this order:

Author’s NameAuthor’s Name DateDate Title of ItemTitle of Item Publication InformationPublication Information Retrieval InformationRetrieval Information

Author’s NameAuthor’s Name

Citations start with Author Citations start with Author information.information.

List authors according to the List authors according to the order they appear on the sourceorder they appear on the source

Provide only first initials for first Provide only first initials for first and middle names.and middle names.


Author’s Name- ExamplesAuthor’s Name- Examples

Feldt, R.Feldt, R.

OrOr

Hill, F. J., & Awde, N.Hill, F. J., & Awde, N.


DateDate

List the year the item of published, List the year the item of published, posted, or produced in parentheses.posted, or produced in parentheses.

Provide the full date if the item Provide the full date if the item provides no other means of provides no other means of determining the date or edition of the determining the date or edition of the source (i.e. volume or issue source (i.e. volume or issue number).number).

Use n.d. (no date) for undated items.Use n.d. (no date) for undated items.


Date- ExampleDate- Example

Hill, F. J., & Awde, N. (2003).Hill, F. J., & Awde, N. (2003).

OrOr

Romano, A. (2006, April 24). Romano, A. (2006, April 24).


Title of the ItemTitle of the Item

If an item is a single/stand alone If an item is a single/stand alone item, then italicize the title, only item, then italicize the title, only capitalizing the proper nouns capitalizing the proper nouns and the first word of the title.and the first word of the title.

If the item is part of a larger If the item is part of a larger work, then state the title as work, then state the title as mentioned above but without mentioned above but without italics.italics.


Title of Item- ExamplesTitle of Item- Examples

Hill, F. J., & Awde, N. (2003). Hill, F. J., & Awde, N. (2003). A history A history of the Islamic world.of the Islamic world.

OrOr

Feldt, R. (2008). Development of a Feldt, R. (2008). Development of a brief measure of college stress: The brief measure of college stress: The college student stress scale.college student stress scale.


Publication InfoPublication Info

For a single/standalone item, provide For a single/standalone item, provide the any edition, version or volume the any edition, version or volume information, the location, and the information, the location, and the publisher or sponsor.publisher or sponsor.

If the item is part of a larger work, If the item is part of a larger work, identify that larger work with the identify that larger work with the above information and provide page above information and provide page or section numbers.or section numbers.


Publication Info- ExamplesPublication Info- Examples

Hill, F. J., & Awde, N. (2003). Hill, F. J., & Awde, N. (2003). A history of the A history of the Islamic world.Islamic world. New York: Hippocrene New York: Hippocrene Books.Books.

OrOr

Feldt, R. (2008). Development of a brief Feldt, R. (2008). Development of a brief measure of college stress: The college measure of college stress: The college student stress scale. student stress scale. Psychological Psychological Reports, 102Reports, 102(3), 855-860.(3), 855-860.


Retrieval InfoRetrieval Info

For electronic items, include For electronic items, include DOI (digital object identifier), or DOI (digital object identifier), or periodical home page, or periodical home page, or database or website information database or website information of the place where the reader of the place where the reader can find the item cited.can find the item cited.


Retrieval Info- ExamplesRetrieval Info- Examples

Feldt, R. (2008). Development of a brief Feldt, R. (2008). Development of a brief measure of college stress: The college measure of college stress: The college student stress scale. student stress scale. Psychological Psychological Reports, 102Reports, 102(3), 855-860. (3), 855-860. doi:10.2466/PR0.102.3.855-860 doi:10.2466/PR0.102.3.855-860

OrOrRomano, A. (2006, April 24). Walking a new Romano, A. (2006, April 24). Walking a new

beat: Surfing MySpace.com helps cops beat: Surfing MySpace.com helps cops crack the case. crack the case. Newsweek, 147Newsweek, 147(17), 48. (17), 48. Retrieved from http://www.newsweek.com/ Retrieved from http://www.newsweek.com/


Need specific examples?Need specific examples?



Examples: BookExamples: Book

Schenck, C. H. (2007). Schenck, C. H. (2007). Sleep: The Sleep: The mysteries, the problems, and mysteries, the problems, and the solutions. the solutions. New York: Avery.New York: Avery.

Citations should be double-spaced with a hanging indent.Citations should be double-spaced with a hanging indent.


Example: Book ChapterExample: Book Chapter

Stern, K. (2000). Toni Morrison's Stern, K. (2000). Toni Morrison's beauty formula. In M. C. Connor beauty formula. In M. C. Connor (Ed.), (Ed.), The aesthetics of Toni The aesthetics of Toni Morrison: Speaking the unspeakableMorrison: Speaking the unspeakable (pp. 77-91). Jackson: University (pp. 77-91). Jackson: University Press of Mississippi.Press of Mississippi.



Example: Encyclopedia ArticleExample: Encyclopedia Article

Wienclaw, R.A. (2008). Bullying. In L.J. Wienclaw, R.A. (2008). Bullying. In L.J. Fundukian & J. Wilson, Fundukian & J. Wilson, Gale Gale encyclopedia of mental healthencyclopedia of mental health (2nd (2nd Edition, Vol. 1, pp. 183-188). Detroit: Edition, Vol. 1, pp. 183-188). Detroit: Thompson Gale.Thompson Gale.



Example: Print Journal ArticleExample: Print Journal Article

Fuller, H.A., & Damico, A.M. (2008). Fuller, H.A., & Damico, A.M. (2008). Keeping pace with teen media use: Keeping pace with teen media use: Implications and strategies for Implications and strategies for educators. educators. Journal of Educational Journal of Educational Research, 101Research, 101(6), 323-330. (6), 323-330.



Example: Journal Article w/ DOIExample: Journal Article w/ DOI

Feldt, R. (2008). Development of a Feldt, R. (2008). Development of a brief measure of college stress: The brief measure of college stress: The college student stress scale. college student stress scale. Psychological Reports, 102Psychological Reports, 102(3), 855-(3), 855-860. doi:10.2466/PR0.102.3.855-860860. doi:10.2466/PR0.102.3.855-860



Example: Journal Article w/o DOIExample: Journal Article w/o DOI

Norvilitus, J. M., Szablicki, P. B., & Norvilitus, J. M., Szablicki, P. B., & Wilson, S. D. (2003). Factors Wilson, S. D. (2003). Factors influencing levels of credit-card debt influencing levels of credit-card debt in college students. in college students. Journal of Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 33Applied Social Psychology, 33(5), (5), 935-947. Retrieved from 935-947. Retrieved from http://www.wiley.com/bw/journal.asp?ref=0021-9029



Don’t know how to find a Don’t know how to find a journal home page?journal home page?

Google the title of the journal.Google the title of the journal. Is there a publisher’s page for Is there a publisher’s page for

the journal?the journal? If there is no journal home page, If there is no journal home page,

simply refer to the database or simply refer to the database or website from which you website from which you retrieved it.retrieved it.


Example: Article on the WebExample: Article on the Web

Tama, M.C. (2009). Critical thinking: Tama, M.C. (2009). Critical thinking: Promoting it in the classroom. Promoting it in the classroom. Eric Eric DigestsDigests. Retrieved August 30, 2009, . Retrieved August 30, 2009, from http://www.ericdigests.org/pre-from http://www.ericdigests.org/pre-9211/critical.htm9211/critical.htm



Example: Untitled ImageExample: Untitled Image

[Untitled image of a chest]. (n.d.). [X-[Untitled image of a chest]. (n.d.). [X-ray photograph]. Retrieved from ray photograph]. Retrieved from http://www.heartfailurematters.org/Ehttp://www.heartfailurematters.org/EN/UnderstandingHeartFailure/Pages/N/UnderstandingHeartFailure/Pages/174.aspx 174.aspx



Example: Online VideoExample: Online Video

Carnegie Mellon. (Producer). (2008, Carnegie Mellon. (Producer). (2008, February 6). February 6). Randy Pausch lecture: Randy Pausch lecture: Time managementTime management [Video file]. [Video file]. Retrieved from Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oTugjssqOT0v=oTugjssqOT0



Where to find help citing…Where to find help citing…

Citing Sources page on the page on the COD Library’s websiteCOD Library’s website

COD Library’s Reference DeskCOD Library’s Reference Desk— — in person, email or IM

Your Instructors!Your Instructors!

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College of DuPage Library 2009 Doing It In Style… Document Your Sources Using the 6 th Edition APA Publication Manual