Collective BargainingMeaning, concept, Historical introduction & PurposePRESENTED BY:VIVEK KUMARKUNDAN KUMARPRINCE PRATAP SINGH

The word Collective Bargaining is made up of two words- Collective which implies group action through its representatives and Bargaining which suggests negotiation.The term Collective Bargaining typically refers to the negotiation, administration and interpretation of written agreement between two parties that covers a specific period of time.

Meaning

According to Edwin B. Flippo , Collective Bargaining is a process in which the representatives of labour organization and the representatives of business organization meet and attempt to negotiate a contract or agreement, which specifies the nature of employee and employer union relationship.

Collective Bargaining is a technique by which dispute as to conditions of employment, are resolved amicably, by agreement, rather than by coercion.Definition

A type of negotiation used by employees to work with their employers. Workers' representatives approach the employer He attempts to negotiate a contract which both sides can agree withConcept

The workers are collectively organised in a trade union which negotiates on their behalf with the management. The object of Collective Bargaining is to include a Collective Agreement. Typical issues covered in the agreement are hours, wages, benefits, working conditions, and the rules of the workplace.

Cont. Concept

CB lie in Great Britain where it developed in response to the conditions created by the Industrial RevolutionTerm "collective bargaining" was first used in 1891 by Sydney and Beatrice Webb.Initially, the negotiations were carried out at plant levelBy early 1900, industry and national level agreements became quite common. The idea spread across to France, Germany, and USA.Historical Introduction

Originated in India during post-First world war period.

In 1917, Gandhiji - as the leader of the Ahmedabad textile workers advocated the resolution of conflict through Collective Bargaining agreements.

But the idea gathered interest only after the Second World War.Indian Scenario

The trade union movement and also CB agreements became popular after Indian independence.

Law made by government of India for collective Bargaining is Industrial Disputes Act 1947.

Introduced in India for the first time in 1952.

After 1977 the CB has taken a positive approach.Indian Scenario

The main objectives of collective bargaining are as follows:To settle disputes/conflicts relating to wages and working conditionsTo protect the interests of workers through collective action.To resolve the differences between workers and management through voluntary negotiations and arrive at a consensus. To avoid third party intervention and restrict to bipartite negotiations in matters relating to conditions employment.

Purpose

Trade Union Recognition

Observance of Agreements

Support of Labor Administration Authorities

Good Faith

Proper Internal Communication

Conditions For Successful Collective Bargaining

Collective bargaining is the beginning of industrial jurisprudence. It is a method of enforcing citizenship right in industry i.e. management rules and decision.

conclusion

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Collective bargaining structure affects the nature of industrial relations ascollective bargaining systems are dependent on the existing industrial relationsregulations and vice versa. Among the four (4) countries discussed, the difference interms of collective bargaining structure is a result of national economic considerationsas well as organizational or corporate applications*But the idea gathered interest only after the Second World War. The Government of that time took steps like setting up of machinery for negotiations, conciliation and arbitration. The trade union movement and also CB agreements became popular after Indian independence.Moving from agreements at the plant level, such agreements spread to industries such as chemicals, petroleum, tea, coal, oil andaluminum. In ports and docks, banking and insurance, collective agreements were arrived at, right at the national level.*Collective bargaining, as it is known and trained, is almost unknown in India, as a matter of principle, it was accepted for usage in union-management relations by the state.The effort of the state is to encourage mutual settlements, collective bargaining, voluntary arbitration to the uppermost coverage and thereby reduce to the minimum the number of disputes for its involvement.

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