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Collecting deviation information
–case Finnpilot,
IMISS2015,
25.8.2015 Kotka
Pilotage Director Kari Kosonen,
Finnpilot Pilotage Ltd
26.8.2015
Contents of the presentation
26.8.2015
• Finnpilot Pilotage Ltd
• Process and method– Effectiveness of Pilotage -> reporting safety
deviations
• Reporting -> What we get out from
• Future, what next?
• Achievements, so far
Organisation, Pilotage areas, stations and
basic numbers
26/08/2015
Pilotage effectiveness- what we have done
26/08/2015
• Research project together with the
University of Turku 2011
• Goals:
– Show pilotage effectiveness
internally and externally
– Develop the pilotage process
• Research report 2011
(www.finnpilot.fi/en/finnpilot/pilotag
e-effectiveness)
– Process description and
indicators
• Work in practice
– Pilots evaluate their work on
every assignment
– First effectiveness report 2013
Pilotage effectiveness – safety deviations
26.8.2015
• Pilots make observations during the pilotage assignment and reportpossible safety deviations.
• Safety deviations can concern:
– vessel’s equipment
– personnel
– other traffic
– the state of a specific fairway or circumstances
• Same information is also provided to maritime safety authorities and research institutions and shipowners
Pilotage effectiveness – categories on impact
26.8.2015
• Pilots report on events that, without the presence of a pilot, would have led to an exceptional situation
• These events are divided into four categories:
– unsafe acts
– near misses
– minor accidents
– serious accidents
• The precautionary principle is applied = minor category has to be chosen, when it is unclear is the event for example minor or serious
Reporting system, Observation form
26.8.2015 7
• Every pilotage assignment is evaluated by the impact on maritime
safety and by the impact on maritime traffic efficiency
• If certain criterias are fullfilled, a deviationreport has to be made
• 3500-4000/year observations and ca.400 deviationreports/year
Helsinki Kotka Bay of BothniaSea of
ArchipelagoLake Saimaa Sea of Bothnia
Observations (no.) 358 512 868 578 359 286
Pilot assignments (no.) 4872 4504 4886 3274 3728 3297
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
Pilo
t as
sign
me
nts
(n
o.)
Ob
serv
atio
ns
(no
.)
Observations (2014)
9
Helsinki Kotka Bay of Bothnia Sea of Archipelago Lake Saimaa Sea of Bothnia
Prevented serious accidents 3 2 11 16 0 9
Prevented minor accidents 7 6 18 14 11 6
Prevented near misses 18 11 89 14 37 7
Prevented unsafe acts 127 124 306 123 62 68
Pilot assignments 4872 4504 4886 3274 3728 3297
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
Pilo
t as
sign
me
nts
(n
o.)
Pre
ven
ted
de
viat
ion
s (n
o.)
Prevented deviations (2014)
10
Helsinki Kotka Bay of Bothnia Sea of Archipelago Lake Saimaa Sea of Bothnia
Realized serious accidents 0 0 0 0 1 0
Realized minor accidents 0 5 6 1 3 5
Realized near misses 7 7 25 15 15 14
Realized unsafe acts 92 19 127 43 44 50
Pilot assignments 4872 4504 4886 3274 3728 3297
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
Pilo
t as
sign
me
nts
(n
o.)
Re
aliz
ed
de
viat
ion
s (n
o.)
Realized deviations (2014)
FINNPILOT SAFETY DATA SERVICE
Pilotage Area
Helsinki
Kotka
Bay of Bothnia
Archipelago Sea
Saimaa
Bothnian Sea
Vessel
6862
Controllable pitch propeller/Dysfunctional
Professional competence/Poor handling of vessel in winter conditions
Professional competence/Poor vessel mooring or detachment skills
Professional competence/Poor handling of vessel
Attachment device or equipment/Dysfunctional or broken
Charts/Poor charting materials
Pilot boarding or departure/Ladders were not standard
Professional competence/Vessel power was limited
Radar/Dysfunctional
Professional competence/Poor navigational skills
Autopilot/Riverpilot/Dysfunctional
3291
Controllable pitch propeller/Dysfunctional Professional
competence/Poor handling of vessel
Communications/Poor language skills
Professional competence/Poor vessel mooring or detachment skills
Professional competence/Poor handling of vessel in winter conditions
Mental and physical condition of crew/Tired crew
Main propulsion devices (main engine, propeller, helm)/Dysfunctional
Professional competence/Vessel power was limited
Professional competence/ Deficient hold on rudder
7620
Professional competence/Poor handling of vessel in winter conditions
Professional competence/Poor handling of vessel
Professional competence/Poor vessel mooring or detachment skills
Compass/Dysfunctional
Lights/Dysfunctional floodlight
Mental and physical condition of crew/Tired crew
1147
Professional competence/Poor vessel mooring or detachment skills
Professional competence/Poor handling of vessel
Mental and physical condition of crew/Tired crew
Radar/Dysfunctional
Professional competence/Vessel power was limited
Positioning devices/Inaccurate positioning data
Pilot boarding or departure/Ladders were not standard
Autopilot/Riverpilot/Dysfunctional
11Observed anomalies (no.)
4
3
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
17
4
3
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
17
4
5
4
1
1
1
15
4
3
2
2
1
1
1
1
Route Observed anomalies (no.)
Orrengrund - Kotka Mussalo 36
Safety device/Broken 8
Harbour/No harbour personnel were available 8
Wind/Poor manageability of vessel 5 Visibility/Limited visibility 4
Tugboats/No assistance was available 3
Harbour/Incorrect quay instructions 2 Safety device/Incorrect location 1
Ice/Compression 1
Tugboats/Poor co-operation 1
VTS/Traffic control error 1
Other traffic/Fairway maintenance 1
Harbour/Poor communications 1
Orrengrund - Kotka through Lålätta 24
Safety device/Broken 8
Harbour/No harbour personnel were available 5 Ice/Insufficient harbour icebreaking 3
Other traffic/Oncoming/intersecting traffic (+ ferries) 2
Visibility/Limited visibility 2 VTS/Inaccurate or insufficient data 1
VTS/Navigational assistance error 1
Wind/Poor manageability of vessel 1 Safety device/Incorrect location 1
Hamina - Merikari - Lålätta - Orrengrund 23
Safety device/Missing 5
Safety device/Broken 4
Safety device/Incorrect location 3
Ice/Compression 3 Visibility/Limited visibility 3
Harbour/No harbour personnel were available 2
Waves/High swells 1
VTS/Inaccurate or insufficient data 1
Icebreakers/No assistance available 1
Orrengrund - Hamina 22
Safety device/Missing 7
Safety device/Incorrect location 2
Safety device/Broken 2
Wind/Poor manageability of vessel 2
Observed anomaly
Professional competence/Poor handling of vessel
Controllable pitch propeller/Dysfunctional
Professional competence/Poor handling of vessel in winter conditions
Visibility/Limited visibility
Other traffic/Oncoming/intersecting traffic (+ ferries)
Compass/Dysfunctional
Main propulsion devices (main engine, propeller, helm)/Dysfunctional
Communications/Poor language skills
Radar/Dysfunctional
Safety device/Broken
Professional competence/Poor vessel mooring or detachment skills
Ice/Compression
Autopilot/Riverpilot/Dysfunctional
Wind/Poor manageability of vessel
Bridge co-operation/Poor co-operation
Lights/Dysfunctional floodlight
Ice/Insufficient harbour icebreaking
Professional competence/Vessel power was limited
Harbour/No harbour personnel were available
Pilot boarding or departure/Ladders were not standard
Professional competence/ Deficient hold on rudder
Professional competence/Insufficient route plan
Professional competence/Poor navigational skills
Mental and physical condition of crew/Tired crew
Harbour/Incorrect quay instructions
Safety device/Missing
Waves/High swells
Charts/Insufficient charting materials
Other traffic/Bridges/locks
Icebreakers/No assistance available
Pilot boarding or departure/Problems when making lee
Pilot boarding or departure/Navigational difficulties around pilot station
Harbour/Poor communications
Tugboats/No assistance available
Safety device/Incorrect location
Professional competence/Poor use of bridge equipment
Harbour/Poor competence of personnel
AIS/Dysfunctional
Pilotage area
Helsinki
Kotka
Bay of Bothnia
Archipelago Sea
Saimaa
Bothnian Sea
Observed anomalies (no.)
380
228
209
208
171
170
158
155
145
120
120
110
108
106
92
90
87
86
81
76
73
72
69
61
56
55
55
47
46
43
37
33
32
29
27
24
22
21
Pilotage effectiveness
– customers view
26.8.2015
• Finnpilot launches year 2015 a mobile ERP system
– shipmasters can also rate the efficiency of the pilotage process immediately after each pilotage assignment
• This will provide comparative data for the pilots’ own assessment
• Pilots can also give their observations through this mobile service and for example our billing process is totally mobile after this launch (no more paper receipts)
What next?
26.8.2015 15
• Developing a risk assessment system, compare to ARMS-model (Airline RiskManagement Solutions)
• Feasibility to pilotage/maritime traffic-> does not in itself -> co-operationwith Finnish authorities
• Objective is to estimate serious casesand find out:
– Establish a Safety Group to analyse cases in Finnpilot -> uniform assesment (lesssubjective)
– Problems that needs urgentactions
– Monitor continuallyFinnpilots risklevel
– Find phenomena, behind the risks (analyse)
– Add in, so called Safety 2 –thinking.
Co-operation with different stakeholders
16
Authorities
Focusing resources
Helps to make safety evaluations and
reports
Researchers
New source of information. Pilot has a
exceptional role comparing to other players,
pilot is onboard when vessel is at
sea/fairway
Customers /Shipping companies
Shipping company has possibility to get
information about their own vessels or
vessels that are carrying their cargo.
However, everyone has to understand, that
pilot is not inspector etc.
Developing our own operation
Lessons learned
Instructions needed
___________________________________
=> Customer and owner gets added value
(pilotage itself is a safety measure) about
pilotage, comparing to situation, when there is
no pilot onboard.
