Cold War ConflictsCold War Conflicts

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G.I. Bill of RightsG.I. Bill of Rights Free post secondary educationFree post secondary education

8 million participated8 million participated$14.5 billion in tax dollars$14.5 billion in tax dollars

Loans for homes, farms, & small Loans for homes, farms, & small businessesbusinesses

United NationsUnited Nations International peacekeeping International peacekeeping

organizationorganization 19451945 Promote world peace, security & Promote world peace, security &

economic developmenteconomic development

All members = General AssemblyAll members = General Assembly 11 nations = Security Council11 nations = Security Council 5 nations = Permanent seats5 nations = Permanent seats

U.S.U.S.U.S.S.R.U.S.S.R.FranceFranceG.B.G.B.ChinaChina

POWER

TO

VETO

Satellite NationSatellite Nation

Country controlled by anotherCountry controlled by another Soviet Union controlled:Soviet Union controlled:

Albania, Bulgaria, Czech., Albania, Bulgaria, Czech., Hungary, Romania, & Hungary, Romania, & PolandPoland

ContainmentContainment

Blocking of another Blocking of another country’s influencecountry’s influence

Iron CurtainIron Curtain Imaginary line that separated Imaginary line that separated

Eastern & Western EuropeEastern & Western Europe

Cold WarCold War

Conflict after WWII between Conflict after WWII between the U.S. & U.S.S.R.the U.S. & U.S.S.R.

1945-911945-91

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Truman DoctrineTruman Doctrine

19471947 Provide aid to free nations Provide aid to free nations

threatened by communismthreatened by communism 1947-50: $400 million to 1947-50: $400 million to

Greece & TurkeyGreece & Turkey

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Marshall PlanMarshall Plan

19471947 Aid to European nations that Aid to European nations that

needed itneeded it Over 4 years:Over 4 years:

16 nations16 nations$13 billion$13 billion

Berlin AirliftBerlin Airlift

U.S. & G.B. flew food/supplies U.S. & G.B. flew food/supplies into W. Berlininto W. Berlin

327 days327 days277,000 flights277,000 flights19481948

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1948 Election1948 Election Democrat Harry S. TrumanDemocrat Harry S. Truman

NATONATO

North Atlantic Treaty North Atlantic Treaty OrganizationOrganization

19491949 Military alliance Military alliance

of 12 nationsof 12 nations

Chiang Kai-shekChiang Kai-shek-Leader of nationalist China

-Supported by the U.S. & southern/eastern Europe

-ruled in southern & eastern China

Mao ZedongMao Zedong

-ruled Northern China

-supported by U.S.S.R.

-ruled in northern China

3838thth Parallel Parallel

-separated Korea

-U.S. supported S. Korea

U.S.S.R. supported N. Korea

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Korean WarKorean War 1950-531950-53 U.S. supported S. KoreaU.S. supported S. Korea China supported N. KoreaChina supported N. Korea

1952 Election1952 Election Dwight D. EisenhowerDwight D. Eisenhower

HUACHUAC House Un-American Activities House Un-American Activities

CommitteeCommittee Investigated communist activity in Investigated communist activity in

U.S. after WWIIU.S. after WWII Hollywood 10Hollywood 10 ““Blacklist”Blacklist”

Alger HissAlger Hiss Accused of spying for the U.S.S.R.Accused of spying for the U.S.S.R. Too many years had passed to Too many years had passed to

charge him with charge him with espionageespionage Found guilty of Found guilty of perjuryperjury

Ethel & Julius RosenbergEthel & Julius Rosenberg Accused of spying for the U.S.S.R.Accused of spying for the U.S.S.R. Guilty of espionageGuilty of espionage Electric chair 1953Electric chair 1953

11stst civilians executed for civilians executed for espionageespionage

Joseph McCarthyJoseph McCarthy

Wisconsin Republican SenatorWisconsin Republican Senator Anti-communist activistAnti-communist activist ListsLists

State Dept.State Dept.DemocratsDemocratsU.S. ArmyU.S. Army

McCarthyismMcCarthyism

Attacks against those who Attacks against those who were thought to have ties to were thought to have ties to the communist partythe communist party

Nikita KhrushchevNikita Khrushchev

Soviet Union leaderSoviet Union leader 1958-641958-64

Warsaw PactWarsaw Pact 19551955 Alliance between U.S.S.R. & Alliance between U.S.S.R. &

Eastern European satellite Eastern European satellite nationsnations

U-2 IncidentU-2 Incident 19601960 Downing of a U.S. spy plane & capture of Downing of a U.S. spy plane & capture of

its pilotits pilot

Francis Gary Powers