Cognitive therapies

Rational Emotive Therapy

• Tyranny of the Shoulds

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy

• For example:• A. Your employer falsely accuses you of taking money from her

purse and threatens to fire you.B. You believe, “She has no right to accuse me. She's a bitch!”C. You feel angry.

• If you had held a different belief, your emotional response would have been different:

• A. Your employer falsely accuses you of taking money from her purse and threatens to fire you.B. You believe, “I must not lose my job. That would be unbearable.”C. You feel anxious.

Cognitive Triad Therapy

• Aaron Beck• Cognitive triad– What a person thinks about his or herself– His or her world– His or her future

– Depressed individuals have negative perceptions in all three areas

Cognitive therapies

• Have been found to effective in treating– Depression, eating disorders, anxiety disorders,

marital discord

Biological/Biomedical treatments

• Tranquilizers• Valium, and Xanax increased the availability

of GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the limbic system and the reticular activating system reducing the anxiety felt by the patient.

• Problem tolerance

Antidepressants

• SSRI’s inhibit reuptake of serotonin (Prozac, Zoloft)

• MAOI’s inhibit the chemicals that break down norepinephrine and serotonin

Antipsychotics

• Thorazine, Haldol, • Reduce tension, decrease hallucinations,

delusions, improve social behavior,• Block dopamine receptors• Can cause tardive dyskinesia

Other Biological Treatments

• Electroconvulsive Shock Treatment• Repetitive Transcranial magnetic stimulation• Prefrontal lobotomy