Cognitive face, and neck. - Lippincott Williams & Wilkinsdownloads.lww.com/wolterskluwer_vitalstream_com/sa… · · 2015-11-06Lesson Plans: Chapter 3—The ... Overview of the

Lesson Plans: Chapter 3—The Head, Face, and Neck

Allen, Clay & Pounds’ Basic Clinical Massage Therapy, 3rd ed. Lesson plans ©2016 Wolters Kluwer Page 1

Goals of the Lesson:

Cognitive: Students will be able to identify the major muscles of the head, face, and neck.

Motor: Students will practice locating and treating the muscles of the region.

Affective: Students will understand the connection between headache pain and muscles of the neck.

Learning Objectives:

3.1 State the correct terminology for the muscles of the head, face, and neck. 3.2 Palpate the muscles of the head, face, and neck. 3.3 Identify the attachments at their origins and insertions. 3.4 Describe their pain referral areas. 3.5 Recall related muscles. 3.6 Recognize any endangerment sites and ethical cautions for massage therapy. 3.7 Demonstrate proficiency in manual therapy techniques for the muscles of the head, face, and neck. Note: The correct terminology, palpation, muscle attachments, pain referral areas, related muscles, endangerment sites and ethical cautions, and manual therapy techniques are addressed under the heading of each individual muscle.

You Will Need:

Gather the following materials and teaching aids for this chapter’s lessons:

Skeletal/muscle model Massage table, sheets, lubricants Colored pencils or crayons Non‐latex gloves, if intraoral massage is allowed in your state Note: Instructor and student ancillaries available at http://thePoint.lww.com



Lecture Outline Content Text

Page PPT Slides

Figures, Tables, and Features

Resources and

In‐Class Activities

Outside Assignments/ Evaluation

Instructor’s Notes

Overview of the region

• The head houses the brain

• The head is the home of the face

• The voice issues from the head

• The head is home to four of the five traditional senses

• The head contains the entrance to the respiratory and digestive systems

• The neck has two major functions:

o Connects the head and its functions to the rest of the body

o Supports and moves the head

62‐64 1‐6 Plates 3‐1 Skeletal features of the anterior and lateral head and neck (p 52) 3‐ 2 Skeletal features of the posterior head and neck (p 53) 3‐3 Muscles of the anterior head and neck (p 54)

3‐4 Muscles of the lateral head and neck (p 55)

3‐5 The scalene

Use Resources from thePoint (Flash Cards, Video Clips, Test Generator) throughout the course

Review the pronunciation and etymology of the muscles of the head, face, and neck.

Palpate the muscles of the head, face, and neck.

Identify attachments of the muscles of the

Assignments

Handout—fills in the blanks to name muscles of the head, face, and neck. Have students note “O” for origin and “I” for insertion.

Fill in the blank: List endangerment sites of the head, face and neck and have students fill in the structures that it are endangerment sites. Assignment Have students choose a pathology related to the head, neck, or face, and



• Headaches are the second most common cause of pain in adults over the age of 18

• Neck muscles are numerous and strong, and also susceptible to pain and dysfunction.

• Avoid dragging downward on the skin of the face. The skin around the eyes is very thin, so exercise extra caution. Having hands on the face and the front of the neck makes some people feel claustrophobic, so be attentive of the client’s comfort.

muscles and lateral neck anatomy (p 56)

3‐6 Superficial muscles of the posterior head and neck (p 57)

3‐7 Deep muscles of the neck (p 58)

3‐8 Intraoral anatomy

(p 59)

3‐9 Surface anatomy of the anterior neck (p 60)

3‐10 Surface anatomy of the

head, face, and neck.

Describe pain referral areas.

Recall related muscles of the head, face, and neck.

Recognize endangerment sites and ethical cautions.

Students should be reminded that although many areas of the body/muscles may not have any endangerment sites or ethical cautions listed, being touched in a certain area may be uncomfortable or objectionable to a client for any health or personal reason, that the client’s comfort with the session is the first

write a one‐page report to share with the class. Possibilities include headaches, craniofacial deformities, herniated discs, TMJ dysfunction.



lateral and posterior neck

Figures

3‐1 Muscles produce facial expression (p 62)

3‐2 Posture with ear forward of sagittal midline (p 63)

3‐3 Anatomy of frontalis (occipitofrontalis), and galea aponeurotica (p 63)

consideration at all times, and the client’s wishes should always be respected.

Practice clinical massage therapy techniques on the muscles of the head, face, and neck. Be sure to check your state board’s rules on intraoral massage, which is not allowed in many jurisdictions.

Give students three minutes to write down the names of all the muscles they can think of that are related to the muscles of the head, face, and neck.

Use a muscle



diagram and have students color the pain referral areas for each trigger point of the head, face, and neck.

Frontalis 64‐65 8 Figure

3‐4 Cross‐fiber stroking of frontalis (p 65)

Palpate the frontalis. Identify attachments of the frontalis.

Describe pain referral areas of the frontalis. Recall related muscles of the frontalis. Recognize endangerment sites and ethical cautions of the frontalis. Practice clinical massage therapy techniques on the frontalis.



Occipitalis 65‐67 9 Figures

3‐5 Anatomy of occipitalis (p 66)

3‐6 Stripping occipitalis with the fingertips (p 67) 3‐7 Stripping occipitalis with the thumbs (p 67)

Palpate the occipitalis. Identify attachments of the occipitalis.

Describe pain referral areas of the occipitalis. Recall related muscles of the occipitalis. Recognize endangerment sites and ethical cautions of the occipitalis. Practice clinical massage therapy techniques of the occipitalis.

Orbicularis oculi 10 Figures

3‐8 Anatomy of orbicularis oculi (p 67)

Palpate the orbicularis oculi. Identify attachments of the orbicularis



3‐9 Trigger point compression of the orbicularis oculi (p 68)

3‐10 Stripping orbicularis oculi superior to the

Orbit (p 68)

3‐11 Stripping orbicularis oculi pressing upward

against the orbit (p 68)

oculi.

Describe pain referral areas of the orbicularis oculi. Recall related muscles of the orbicularis oculi. Recognize endangerment sites and ethical cautions of the orbicularis oculi. Practice clinical massage therapy techniques of the orbicularis oculi.

Zygomaticus major and minor 69‐70 11 Figures

3‐12 Anatomy of zygomaticus major and minor (p 69)

Palpate the zygomaticus major and minor.

Identify attachments of the zygomaticus



3‐13 Stripping of zygomaticus (p 70)

3‐14 Intraoral pincer compression of zygomaticus (p 70)

major and minor.

Describe pain referral areas of the zygomaticus major and minor.

Recall related muscles of the zygomaticus major and minor.

Recognize endangerment sites and ethical cautions of the zygomaticus major and minor.

Practice clinical massage therapy techniques of the zygomaticus major and minor.



Temporalis 70‐72 12 Figures

3‐15 Anatomy of temporalis (p 71) 3‐16 Cross‐fiber stroking of temporalis with thumbs (p 72)

Palpate the temporalis.

Identify attachments of the temporalis.

Describe pain referral areas of the temporalis.

Recall related muscles of the temporalis.

Recognize endangerment sites and ethical cautions of the temporalis.

Practice clinical massage therapy techniques of the temporalis.



Masseter 72‐73 12 Figures

3‐17 Anatomy of masseter (p 73) 3‐18 External stripping of masseter (A) with the thumb and (B) with the fingertips (p 73)

Palpate the masseter.

Identify attachments of the masseter.

Describe pain referral areas of the masseter.

Recall related muscles of the masseter.

Recognize endangerment sites and ethical cautions of the masseter.

Practice clinical massage therapy techniques of the masseter.



Pterygoids

Medial or internal pterygoid Lateral or external pterygoid

74 14 Figures

3‐19 Anatomy of the pterygoids (p 74) 3‐20 Compression of pterygoids (1) (p 75) 3‐21 Compression of pterygoids (2) (p 75)

Palpate the pterygoids.

Identify attachments of the pterygoids.

Describe pain referral areas of the pterygoids.

Recall related muscles of the pterygoids.

Recognize endangerment sites and ethical cautions of the pterygoids.

Practice clinical massage therapy techniques of the pterygoids.



Levator veli palatini, tensor veli palatine, and the palatine aponeurosis

76‐79 15 Figures

3‐22 Anatomy of tensor and levator veli palatine (p 76)

3‐23 Release of palatine aponeurosis (1) (p 77)

3‐24 Release of palatine aponeurosis (2) (p 77)

3‐25 Stroking between the maxilla and mandible (p 78)

3‐26 Intraoral stroke over the

The levator veli palatini and tensor veli palatine are not palpable. The palatine aponeurosis may be palpated (gloved and if internal work is allowed by your state board).

Identify attachments of the Levator veli palatini, tensor veli palatine, and the palatine aponeurosis.

Describe pain referral areas of the Levator veli palatini, tensor veli palatine, and the palatine aponeurosis.

Recall related



coronoid process

(p 78)

3‐27 Intraoral moving compression of masseter: (A) intraoral view, (B) lateral view (p 79)

muscles of the Levator veli palatini, tensor veli palatine, and the palatine aponeurosis.

Recognize endangerment sites and ethical cautions of the Levator veli palatini, tensor veli palatine, and the palatine aponeurosis.

Practice clinical massage therapy techniques of the Levator veli palatini, tensor veli palatine, and the palatine aponeurosis.

Platysma 79‐80 16 Figures

3‐28 Anatomy of the platysma (p

Palpate the platysma.



79)

3‐29 Stripping platysma with the fingertips (p 80)

Identify attachments of the platysma.

Describe pain referral areas of the platysma.

Recall related muscles of the platysma.

Recognize endangerment sites and ethical cautions of the platysma.

Practice clinical massage therapy techniques of the platysma.

Muscles attached to the hyoid 80‐82 17 Figures

3‐31 Anatomy of the hyoid bone

Palpate the muscles attached to the hyoid.



and attached muscles (p 81)

3‐32 Stripping of suprahyoids (p 82)

3‐33 Stripping of infrahyoids (p 82)

Identify attachments of the muscles attached to the hyoid.

Describe pain referral areas of the muscles attached to the hyoid.

Recall related muscles of the muscles attached to the hyoid.

Recognize endangerment sites and ethical cautions of the muscles attached to the hyoid.

Practice clinical



massage therapy techniques of the muscles attached to the hyoid.

Digastric 82‐83 18 Figures

3‐34 Anatomy of digastric and stylohyoid (p 83)

3‐35 Stripping of posterior belly of digastric (p 83)

Digastric is palpable but not truly discernible.

Identify attachments of the digastric.

Describe pain referral areas of the digastric.

Recall related muscles of the digastric.

Recognize endangerment sites and ethical cautions of the digastric.



Practice clinical massage therapy techniques of the digastric.

Sternocleidomastoid 84‐85 18 Figures

3‐36 Anatomy of SCM (p 84)

3‐37 Stripping of sternal head of SCM (p 85)

3‐38 Stripping of clavicular head of SCM with thumb (A) and fingertips (B) (p 85)

3‐39 Pincer compression of SCM (p 85)

Palpate the sternocleidomastoid.

Identify attachments of the sternocleidomastoid.

Describe pain referral areas of the sternocleidomastoid.

Recall related muscles of the sternocleidomastoid.

Recognize endangerment sites and ethical cautions



of the sternocleidomastoid.

Practice clinical massage therapy techniques of the sternocleidomastoid.

Scaleni 85‐89 19 Figures

3‐40 Anatomy of the scalenes and the thoracic outlet (p 86)

3‐41 Stripping of anterior scalene (p 87)

3‐42 Stripping of posterior scalene with thumb (p 87)

3‐43 Stripping of scalenes with fingertips (p 87)

Palpate the scalenes.

Identify attachments of the scalenes.

Describe pain referral areas of the scalenes.

Recall related muscles of the scalenes.

Recognize endangerment sites and ethical cautions



3‐44 Deep compression of scalenes (p 88)

3‐45 Stripping of scalenes with client prone: thumb is on the scalenes (inset shows thumb under the edge of trapezius) (p 88)

3‐46 Stripping of the scalenes with the knuckles (p 88)

3‐47 Stripping of the scalenes with the client seated (p 88)

of the scalenes.

Practice clinical massage therapy techniques of the scalenes.



Posterior neck muscles overview 89

Trapezius 89‐91 20 Figures

3‐48 Anatomy of trapezius (p 89)

3‐49 Deep stripping of trapezius (p 90)

3‐50 Deep stripping of superolateral trapezius

(p 91) 3‐51 Pincer compression of trapezius (p 91)

Palpate the trapezius.

Identify attachments of the trapezius.

Describe pain referral areas of the trapezius.

Recall related muscles of the trapezius.

Recognize endangerment sites and ethical cautions of the trapezius.

Practice clinical massage therapy techniques of the



trapezius.

Semispinalis capitis and cervicis, longissimus capitis

91‐92 21 Figures

3‐52 Anatomy of posterior neck muscles (p 92)

Palpate the semispinalis capitis and cervicis, longissimus capitis.

Identify attachments of the semispinalis capitis and cervicis, longissimus capitis.

Describe pain referral areas of the semispinalis capitis and cervicis, longissimus capitis.

Recall related muscles of the semispinalis capitis and cervicis, longissimus capitis.

Recognize



endangerment sites and ethical cautions of the semispinalis capitis and cervicis, longissimus capitis.

Practice clinical massage therapy techniques of the semispinalis capitis and cervicis, longissimus capitis.

Splenius capitis, splenius cervicis 92‐93 22 Figures

3‐53 Anatomy of splenius capitis and splenius cervicis (p 93)

Palpate the splenius capitis and splenius cervicis.

Identify attachments of the splenius capitis and splenius cervicis.

Describe pain referral areas of the splenius capitis and splenius cervicis.



Recall related muscles of the splenius capitis and splenius cervicis.

Recognize endangerment sites and ethical cautions of the splenius capitis and splenius cervicis.

Practice clinical massage therapy techniques of the splenius capitis and splenius cervicis.

Multifidi and rotatores 93‐94 23 Figures

3‐54 Attachment patterns of multifidi and rotatores of entire spine (p 94) 3‐55 Anatomy of cervical multifidi

Palpate the multifidi and rotatores.

Identify attachments of the multifidi and rotatores.



and rotatores (p 94)

Describe pain referral areas of the multifidi and rotatores.

Recall related muscles of the multifidi and rotatores.

Recognize endangerment sites and ethical cautions of the multifidi and rotatores.

Practice clinical massage therapy techniques of the multifidi and rotatores.

Suboccipital muscles 95‐97 24 Figures

3‐56 Anatomy of suboccipital

Palpate the suboccipital muscles.



muscles (p 95)

3‐57 Stripping of posterior neck muscles with thumb (p 96)

3‐58 Bidirectional stripping of posterior

neck muscles with thumb (A) or fingers (B) (p 97)

3‐59 Compression of suboccipital muscles (p 97)

3‐60 Moving compression of posterior neck muscles with fingertips (p 97)

Identify attachments of the suboccipital muscles.

Describe pain referral areas of the suboccipital muscles.

Recall related muscles of the suboccipital muscles.

Recognize endangerment sites and ethical cautions of the suboccipital muscles.

Practice clinical massage therapy techniques of the suboccipital muscles.



3‐61 Cross‐fiber stroking of posterior neck muscles with fingertips (p 97)

3‐62 Cross‐fiber stroking on posterior neck

muscles with the thumb (p 97)

Chapter Review 98 Assignments

Review Case Study

Answer Review Questions

Evaluation

Use Test Generator to create end of chapter test.

Documents

Cognitive face, and neck. - Lippincott Williams & Wilkinsdownloads.lww.com/wolterskluwer_vitalstream_com/sa… · · 2015-11-06Lesson Plans: Chapter 3—The ... Overview of the