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Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014 BHPS SOEP HILDA - KLIPS - PSID SHP SLID - JHPS Jointly prepared by: Dean R. Lillard (Cornell University and DIW Berlin) Rebekka Christopoulou (Cornell University) Jan Goebel (DIW Berlin) Simon Freidin (University of Melbourne, Melbourne Australia) Oliver Lipps (Swiss Foundation for Research in the Social Sciences, Lausanne Switzerland) Kathryn Snider (Statistics Canada) KLIPS Team (Korea Labor Institute) JHPS Team (Panel Data Research Center at Keio University) The Cross-National Equivalent File is a joint effort of researchers and staff affiliated with Cornell University, the German Institute for Economic Research (DIW Berlin), the University of Essex, the University of Melbourne, the Swiss Foundation for Research in the Social Sciences, the University of Lausanne, the Korea Labor Institute, and Statistics Canada. Melody Reinecke was instrumental in preparing the manuscript.

Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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Page 1: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

BHPS – SOEP – HILDA - KLIPS - PSID – SHP – SLID - JHPS

Jointly prepared by:

Dean R. Lillard (Cornell University and DIW Berlin)

Rebekka Christopoulou (Cornell University)

Jan Goebel (DIW Berlin)

Simon Freidin (University of Melbourne, Melbourne Australia)

Oliver Lipps (Swiss Foundation for Research in the Social Sciences, Lausanne Switzerland)

Kathryn Snider (Statistics Canada)

KLIPS Team (Korea Labor Institute)

JHPS Team (Panel Data Research Center at Keio University)

The Cross-National Equivalent File is a joint effort of researchers and staff affiliated with Cornell University, the

German Institute for Economic Research (DIW Berlin), the University of Essex, the University of Melbourne, the Swiss

Foundation for Research in the Social Sciences, the University of Lausanne, the Korea Labor Institute, and Statistics

Canada. Melody Reinecke was instrumental in preparing the manuscript.

Page 2: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

Web Sites for the Original Datasets

BHPS - British Household Panel Study distributed by the Data Archive in Essex, UK, administered and run by the

Institute for Social and Economic Research (ISER) at the University of Essex:

http://www.iser.essex.ac.uk/ulsc/bhps/

SOEP - German Socio Economic Panel at the German Institute of Economic Research (DIW Berlin)

English User Version: http://www.human.cornell.edu/che/PAM/Research/Centers-Programs/German-

Panel/SOEP.cfm

German User Version: www.diw.de/english/sop/index.html

HILDA - Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia: http://www.melbourneinstitute.com/hilda/

KLIPS - Korea Labor Income Panel Study: http://www.kli.re.kr/kli_ehome/main/main.jsp

PSID - Panel Study of Income Dynamics: www.isr.umich.edu/src/psid/index.html

SHP - Swiss Household Panel: http://www.swisspanel.ch/

SLID - Labour and Income Dynamics: http://www.statcan.ca/bsolc/english/bsolc?catno=75F0011X&CHROPG=1

JHPS - Japan Household Panel Survey: https://www.pdrc.keio.ac.jp/en/paneldata/datasets/jhpskhps/

Page 3: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

Variables in the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

(B) BHPS: 1991-2007 Survey Years

(G) SOEP: 1984-2008 Survey Years

(H) HILDA: 2001-2008 Survey Years

(K) KLIPS: 1998-2007 Survey Years

(P) PSID: 1970-2007 Survey Years

(CH) SHP: 1999-2007 Survey Years

(S) SLID: 1992-2006 Reference Years

(J) JHPS: 2009-2014 Reference Years

Label Data Variable List Page

Demographics:

Age of Individual J D11101_2009-D11101_2014 1

Sex of Individual J D11102_2009-D11102_2014 4

Marital Status of Individual J D11104_2009-D11104_2014 6

Relationship to Household Head J D11105_2009-D11105_2014 10

Number of Persons in Household J D11106_2009-D11106_2014 13

Number of Children in Household J D11107_2009-D11107_2014 17

Education With Respect to High School J D11108_2009-D11108_2014 21

Number of Years of Education J D11109_2009-D11109_2014 24

Race of Individual J D11112_2009-D11112_2014 28

Employment:

Annual Work Hours of Individual J E11101_2009-E11101_2014 30

Impute Annual Work Hours of Individual J E11201_2009-E11201_2014 65

Employment Status of Individual J E11102_2009-E11102_2014 67

Employment Level of Individual J E11103_2009-E11103_2014 70

Primary Activity of Individual J E11104_2009-E11104_2014 73

Occupation of Individual J E11105_2009-E11105_2014 76

1 Digit Industry Code of Individual J E11106_2009-E11106_2014 79

2 Digit Industry Code of Individual J E11107_2009-E11107_2014 84

Equivalence scale inputs: Number HH members age 0-14 J H11101_2009-H11101_2014 87

Number HH members age 15-18 J H11102_2009-H11102_2014 87

Number HH members age 0-1 J H11103_2009-H11103_2014 87

Number HH members age 2-4 J H11104_2009-H11104_2014 87

Number HH members age 5-7 J H11105_2009-H11105_2014 87

Number HH members age 8-10 J H11106_2009-H11106_2014 87

Number HH members age 11-12 J H11107_2009-H11107_2014 87

Number HH members age 13-15 J H11108_2009-H11108_2014 87

Number HH members age 16-18 J H11109_2009-H11109_2014 87

Number HH members age 19+ or 16-18 and indep. J H11110_2009-H11110_2014 87

Wife/spouse in HH J H11112_2009-H11112_2014 107

Page 4: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

Label Data Variable List Page

Yearly Income:

Label Data Variable List Page

Yearly Income: Household Pre-Government Income J I11101_2009-I11101_2014 110

Household Post-Government Income J I11102_2009-I11102_2014 111

Household Labor Income J I11103_2009-I11103_2014 112

Household Asset Income J I11104_2009-I11104_2014 113

Household Imputed Rental Value J I11105_2009-I11105_2014 114

Household Private Transfers J I11106_2009-I11106_2014 115

Household Public Transfers J I11107_2009-I11107_2014 116

Household Social Security Pensions J I11108_2009-I11108_2014 117

Total Household Taxes J I11109_2009-I11109_2014 118

Individual Labor Earnings J I11110_2009-I11110_2014 119

Household Federal Taxes J I11111_2009-I11111_2014 120

Household Social Security Taxes J I11112_2009-I11112_2014 121

Household Post-Government Income (TAXSIM) N/A

Total Household Taxes (TAXSIM) N/A

Household State Taxes (TAXSIM) N/A

Household Federal Taxes (TAXSIM) N/A

Household Private Retirement Income J I11117_2009-I11117_2014 122

Household Windfall Income J I11118_2009-I11118_2014 123

Impute Household Pre-Government Income N/A N/A

Impute Household Post-Government Income N/A N/A

Impute Household Labor N/A N/A

Impute Household Asset Income N/A N/A

Impute Household Imputed Rental Value N/A N/A

Impute Household Private Transfers N/A N/A

Impute Household Public Transfers N/A N/A

Impute Household Social Security Pensions N/A N/A

Impute Total Household Taxes N/A N/A

Impute Individual Labor Earnings N/A N/A

Impute Private Retirement Income N/A N/A

Location: Area of Residence* N/A N/A

Region of Residence J L11102_2009-L11102_2014 124

Medical/health:

Whether spent night in hospital in last year J M11101_2009-M11101_2013 128

Number of nights (days) spent in hospital N/A

Whether had accident in past year that required hospital N/A

Frequency of sports or exercise J M11104_2013-M11104_2014 130

Have had stroke N/A N/A

Have or had high blood pressure/hypertension N/A N/A

Have or had diabetes N/A N/A

Have or had cancer N/A N/A

Have or had psychiatric problems N/A N/A

Have or had arthritis N/A N/A

Have or had angina or heart condition N/A N/A

Have or had asthma or breathing difficulties N/A N/A

Have trouble climbing stairs N/A N/A

Have trouble with bath N/A N/A

Have trouble dressing N/A N/A

Have trouble getting out of bed N/A N/A

Page 5: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

Have trouble shopping N/A N/A

Have trouble walking N/A N/A

Have trouble doing housework N/A N/A

Have trouble bending, lifting, stooping N/A N/A

Health limits vigorous physical activities N/A N/A

Height (in meters) J M11122LL 132

Weight (in kilos) J M11123_2009-M11123_2014 135

Disability Status of Individual N/A N/A

Subjective Satisfaction with Health N/A N/A

Self-Rated Health Status J M11126_2009-M11126_2014 153

Number of Times Visited Dr. in Past Year N/A

Psychological:

Satisfaction With Life Today J P11101_2011-P11101_2014 156

Weights:

Cross-sectional Weight - Respondent Individuals J W11101_2009-W11101_2014 159

Household Weight J W11102_2009-W11102_2014 160

Longitudinal Weight - Respondent Individuals J W11103_2009-W11103_2014 161

Population Factor for W11101$$ N/A N/A

Individual Weight - Immigrant Sample N/A N/A

Cross-sectional Weight - Enumerated Individuals N/A N/A

Longitudinal Weight - Enumerated Individuals N/A N/A

Population Factor for W11103$$ N/A N/A

Population Factor for W11107$$ N/A N/A

Population Factor for W11108$$ N/A N/A

Equivalence Weight Algorithms

Detailed Official U.S. Equivalence Weight N/A

General Official U.S. Equivalence Weight N/A

Official German Equivalence Weight N/A

ELES Equivalence Weight N/A

OECD Equivalence Weight N/A

McClements Equivalence Weight N/A

Other Equivalence Weights N/A

Identifiers:

Unique Person Number J X11101LL 162

Household Identification Number J X11102LL 163

Individual in Household at Survey J X11103_2009-X11103_2014 164

Oversample Identifier N/A N/A

Person in Household Interviewed J X11105JLL 166

Macro-level Variables: Consumer Price Index J Y11101_2009-Y11101_2014 167

Median Pre-government Household Income N/A N/A

Median Post-government Household Income N/A N/A

Purchasing Power Parity for East Germany N/A N/A

*Area of residence is the Region/Metropolitan Area in the BHPS, the Bundesland in the SOEP, the major city or state in the HILDA, and the US state in the PSID. Province of residence is available on the CNEF SLID files at Statistics Canada.

Page 6: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

Using the Cross-National Equivalent Data File Codebook

This codebook includes four components: a list of comparable variables, a description of how they were created,

the algorithm used to create each variable from the original panel data, and descriptive statistics. Users who exclusively

use the Cross-National Equivalent Data File are encouraged to check the algorithm used to construct the CNEF data. I

describe how each variable was created in the section labeled AMethod.@ Researchers who wish to link the equivalent

data to the original survey data will find the original variable names in the algorithm attached to the descriptive

statistics. This algorithm indicates how original variables are used to construct the data in each year. An example of

the codebook and its code is given below: Comparable Variables SOEP Variable Name I11110_1984 - I11110_2008 Name of Variable in the Equivalent Data File Variable Label Labor Earnings of Individual Survey/Created C Survey Variable (S); Created Variable (C) Reliability 1 Degree of cross-national comparability

Completely comparable (1) - Not comparable (4) Unit of Observation I Individual (I); Household (H); Year (Y)

Description of Variable Content Description This variable represents the labor earnings of each individual in the household. Method Description of Variable Creation Labor earnings include wages and salary from all employment including training, primary and secondary jobs, and self-employment, plus income from bonuses, overtime, and profit-sharing. Specifically labor earnings is the sum of income from primary job, secondary job, self-employment, 13th month pay, 14th month pay, Christmas bonus pay, holiday bonus pay, miscellaneous bonus pay, and profit-sharing income.

This variable is in current year Deutschmarks. Format: Not formatted. Variable Format in the Equivalent Data File

Algorithm 1984 algorithm: I11110_1984 = grs0101 + grs0201 + grs0301 + ap3902 + ap3904 + ap3906 + ap3908 + ap3910 Variable N Nmiss Mean ---------------------------------------

I11110_1984 7090 12239 30902.78

Important Notes for the JHPS dataset.

Original JHPS Datasets

Page 7: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

Latest updates on 2018/01/30

Latest Data version:

JHPS2009data_ver3.0.csv

JHPS2010data_ver3.1.csv

JHPS2011data_ver3.0.csv

JHPS2012data_ver3.0.csv

JHPS2013data_ver3.0.csv

JHPS2014data_ver3.0.csv

1. The Change of Respondents

Some respondents died or went missing in the past years. But 7 respondents’ spouses kept cooperating in

completing the survey. Therefore, we have assigned their spouses to new identification numbers for the purpose

of avoiding mismatch.1

22513 => 25544 (changed in the second wave)

23117 => 25545 (changed in the second wave)

21337 => 25546 (changed in the third wave)

21118 => 24550 (changed in the fourth wave)

23062 => 23418 (changed in the fifth wave)

23116 => 23419 (changed in the fifth wave)

22491 => 25600 (changed in the sixth wave)

Note: 1st wave was conducted as of January 2009.2

Respondent Obs. Spouse Obs. Weights Obs.

2009 4022 2889 4022

2010 3470 2540 3468

2011 3160 2337 3158

2012 2821 2082 2818

2013 2581 1918 2576

2014 2358 1771 2352

2. The Survey subjects3

The JHPS selectes individuals by means of two-stage stratified random sampling.

In the case that respondents are married, their spouses are required to answer the same survey questions.

Basically, JHPS requires the respondents to complete the survey, and we also list the following notes on the cover

page:

If you do not know the answers to any of the questions concerning your family, please ask your family before

responding.

Some of the questions concern figures for the month of January. Please respond to those questions when you

know the answers.

Some of our respondents got married again after the divorce. As a result, we will provide X11105JLL to identify

the respondent, 1st marriage spouse and 2nd marriage spouse.

3. About the tabulation

The JHPS presents tabulation for the respondents and the spouses, respectively.

4. About value -4 (Not covered in the survey) in the dataset.

a. Divorced

1 Please refer to “README_JHPS2016_en” provided by the Keio University Panel Data Research Center. 2 Please refer to the website: https://www.pdrc.keio.ac.jp/en/paneldata/datasets/jhpskhps/ 3 Please refer to the website: https://www.pdrc.keio.ac.jp/en/paneldata/datasets/jhpskhps/

Page 8: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

spouse after divorce => -4 (only the spouse = -4 )

b. Divorced and then remarried

2nd spouse before getting married to the respondent => -4 (only the spouse = -4 )

c. The Respondents were Changed (see note 1.)

Before changed => -4 (the changed respondent & spouse = -4 )

d. New married (2nd marriage)

the 2nd marriage spouse before married to the respondent => -4 (only the spouse = -4 )

Note: This criterion is only active for Demographics, Employment and Equivalence scale inputs in, and Location,

Medical/health and Psychological.

5. About weight

JHPS is targeting the individuals rather than household living in Japan. Only if the selected individuals are

married, their spouses’ information will be collected. As a result, the sample of the spouses is not proposed to

follow the two-stage stratified random sampling method. And we will not provide the weights of spouses.

Page 9: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

1

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name D11101_2009-D11101_2014

Variable Label Age of Individual

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation I

Description Indicates the age of the individual in years.

Method

The age of individual is calculated according to the birth year and month which is reported by the respondent.

In this dataset, age grows up at the birthday and equals to the age by the end of January of the research year.

Format: .M(-2) = Item non-response

.S(-3) = Survey non-response

1 = Newborn up to second birthday

98 = 98 years old or more

The value of this variable ranges from 1 to 98.

This algorithm omits individuals with survey non-responses.

Unweighted Statistics

Tabulation for the Respondents

D11101_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

Newborn-24 Years 1 297 7.38 7.38

25 - 64 Years 2 2,859 71.08 78.47

65 Years & Older 3 866 21.53 100

Total 4,022 100

D11101_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

Newborn-24 Years 1 181 5.22 5.22

25 - 64 Years 2 2,470 71.18 76.4

65 Years & Older 3 819 23.6 100

Total 3,470 100

D11101_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

Newborn-24 Years 1 108 3.42 3.42

25 - 64 Years 2 2,271 71.87 75.28

65 Years & Older 3 781 24.72 100

Total 3,160 100

D11101_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

Newborn-24 Years 1 66 2.34 2.34

Page 10: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

2

25 - 64 Years 2 2,009 71.22 73.56

65 Years & Older 3 746 26.44 100

Total 2,821 100

D11101_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

Newborn-24 Years 1 31 1.2 1.2

25 - 64 Years 2 1,787 69.24 70.44

65 Years & Older 3 763 29.56 100

Total 2,581 100

D11101_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

Newborn-24 Years 1 1 0.04 0.04

25 - 64 Years 2 1,596 67.68 67.73

65 Years & Older 3 761 32.27 100

Total 2,358 100

Tabulation for the Spouses

D11101_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 14 0.48 0.48

Newborn-24 Years 1 28 0.97 1.45

25 - 64 Years 2 2,167 75.01 76.46

65 Years & Older 3 680 23.54 100

Total 2,889 100

D11101_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 4 0.16 0.16

Newborn-24 Years 1 11 0.43 0.59

25 - 64 Years 2 1,895 74.61 75.2

65 Years & Older 3 630 24.8 100

Total 2,540 100

D11101_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 3 0.13 0.13

Newborn-24 Years 1 14 0.6 0.73

25 - 64 Years 2 1,716 73.43 74.15

65 Years & Older 3 604 25.85 100

Total 2,337 100

D11101_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1 0.05 0.05

Newborn-24 Years 1 7 0.34 0.38

25 - 64 Years 2 1,515 72.77 73.15

Page 11: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

3

65 Years & Older 3 559 26.85 100

Total 2,082 100

D11101_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1 0.05 0.05

Newborn-24 Years 1 4 0.21 0.26

25 - 64 Years 2 1,355 70.65 70.91

65 Years & Older 3 558 29.09 100

Total 1,918 100

D11101_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1 0.06 0.06

Newborn-24 Years 1 3 0.17 0.23

25 - 64 Years 2 1,223 69.06 69.28

65 Years & Older 3 544 30.72 100

Total 1,771 100

Page 12: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

4

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name D11102_2009-D11102_2014

Variable Label Sex of Individual

Survey/Created S

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation I

Description Indicates the sex of the individual.

Method

Sex of the individual is reported by the respondent.

Format: .M(-2) = Item non-response

.S(-3) = Survey non-response

1 = Male

2 = Female

This algorithm omits individuals with survey non-responses.

Unweighted Statistics

Tabulation for the Respondents

D11102_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

Male 1 1,951 48.51 48.51

Female 2 2,071 51.49 100

Total 4,022 100

D11102_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

Male 1 1,701 49.02 49.02

Female 2 1,769 50.98 100

Total 3,470 100

D11102_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

Male 1 1,552 49.11 49.11

Female 2 1,608 50.89 100

Total 3,160 100

D11102_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

Male 1 1,386 49.13 49.13

Female 2 1,435 50.87 100

Total 2,821 100

D11102_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

Page 13: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

5

Male 1 1,272 49.28 49.28

Female 2 1,309 50.72 100

Total 2,581 100

D11102_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

Male 1 1,160 49.19 49.19

Female 2 1,198 50.81 100

Total 2,358 100

Tabulation for the Spouses

D11102_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

Male 1 1,470 50.88 50.88

Female 2 1,419 49.12 100

Total 2,889 100

D11102_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

Male 1 1,277 50.28 50.28

Female 2 1,263 49.72 100

Total 2,540 100

D11102_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

Male 1 1,159 49.59 49.59

Female 2 1,178 50.41 100

Total 2,337 100

D11102_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

Male 1 1,023 49.14 49.14

Female 2 1,059 50.86 100

Total 2,082 100

D11102_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

Male 1 933 48.64 48.64

Female 2 985 51.36 100

Total 1,918 100

D11102_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

Male 1 860 48.56 48.56

Female 2 911 51.44 100

Total 1,771 100

Page 14: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

6

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name D11104_2009-D11104_2014

Variable Label Marital Status of Individual

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation I

Description This variable indicates the marital status in the current survey year of the individual.

Method

The JHPS reports marital status for the respondent only.

The JHPS has two types of questionnaire, one for married respondents, and the other for single respondents.

Married, Living with a Partner: The respondent answered the questionnaire for married one, and the respondent did not

report that he or she has started living apart from the spouse since last year.

Single, not Living with a Partner: The respondent answered the questionnaire for single one, and the respondent did not get

married, get divorced, or start living apart from the spouse last year. And the respondent has no children in the family.

Widowed, not Living with a Partner: N.A. (unable to identify from the JHPS)

Divorced, not Living with a Partner: The respondent answered the questionnaire for single one, and the respondent got

divorced last year.

Separated (Legally Married), not Living with a Partner: The respondent answered the questionnaire for married one, and the

respondent reported that he/she started living separately from the spouse last year, but it is not because the respondent or

his/her spouse was sent away for work.

Not Living with a Partner (Individuals with the age 18 and older): N.A. (unable to identify from the JHPS)

Not Living with a Partner (Individuals under the age 18): N.A. (unable to identify from the JHPS)

Married but living away from the family for work: The respondent answered the questionnaire for married one, and the

respondent was living away from the family for work.

Divorced, Seperated or Widowed: The respondent answered the questionnaire for single one. The respondent did not report

that he/she got divorced last year but there are children in the family.

Living with a Partner of the Opposite sex: The respondent answered the questionnaire for single one, but there is someone

who has opposite gender and age gap within 8 years old in the family. In addition, that person is nonrelatives.

Format: .M(-2) = Item non-response

.S(-3) = Survey non-response

1 = Married, Living with a Partner

2 = Single, not Living with a Partner

3 = Widowed, not Living with a Partner

4 = Divorced, not Living with a Partner

5 = Separated (Legally Married), not Living with a Partner

6 = Not Living with a Partner (Individuals age 18 and older)

7 = Not Living with a Partner (Individuals under age 18)

8 = Married but living away from the family for work

9 = Divorced, Seperated or Widowed

10 = Living with a Partner of the Opposite sex

This algorithm omits individuals with survey non-responses.

Unweighted Statistics

Page 15: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

7

Tabulation for the Respondents

D11104_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1 0.02 0.02

Married 1 2,885 71.73 71.76

Single 2 901 22.4 94.16

Divorced 4 13 0.32 94.48

Separated 5 4 0.1 94.58

Div, Sep or Wid 9 211 5.25 99.83

Living with a Partner 10 7 0.17 100

Total 4,022 100

D11104_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

Married 1 2,517 72.54 72.54

Single 2 721 20.78 93.31

Divorced 4 9 0.26 93.57

Separated 5 7 0.2 93.78

Tanshin Funin 8 16 0.46 94.24

Div, Sep or Wid 9 196 5.65 99.88

Living with a Partner 10 4 0.12 100

Total 3,470 100

D11104_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

Married 1 2,316 73.29 73.29

Single 2 620 19.62 92.91

Divorced 4 12 0.38 93.29

Separated 5 4 0.13 93.42

Tanshin Funin 8 17 0.54 93.96

Div, Sep or Wid 9 188 5.95 99.91

Living with a Partner 10 3 0.09 100

Total 3,160 100

D11104_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

Married 1 2,066 73.24 73.24

Single 2 556 19.71 92.95

Divorced 4 9 0.32 93.26

Separated 5 1 0.04 93.3

Tanshin Funin 8 15 0.53 93.83

Div, Sep or Wid 9 169 5.99 99.82

Living with a Partner 10 5 0.18 100

Total 2,821 100

D11104_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

Married 1 1,898 73.54 73.54

Single 2 490 18.98 92.52

Divorced 4 9 0.35 92.87

Separated 5 4 0.15 93.03

Tanshin Funin 8 16 0.62 93.65

Page 16: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

8

Div, Sep or Wid 9 161 6.24 99.88

Living with a Partner 10 3 0.12 100

Total 2,581 100

D11104_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

Married 1 1,754 74.39 74.39

Single 2 415 17.6 91.98

Divorced 4 1 0.04 92.03

Separated 5 2 0.08 92.11

Tanshin Funin 8 15 0.64 92.75

Div, Sep or Wid 9 170 7.21 99.96

Living with a Partner 10 1 0.04 100

Total 2,358 100

Tabulation for the Spouses

D11104_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

Married 1 2,845 98.48 98.48

Separated 5 4 0.14 98.62

Tanshin Funin 8 40 1.38 100

Total 2,889 100

D11104_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

Married 1 2,501 98.46 98.46

Separated 5 7 0.28 98.74

Tanshin Funin 8 32 1.26 100

Total 2,540 100

D11104_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

Married 1 2,310 98.84 98.84

Separated 5 4 0.17 99.02

Tanshin Funin 8 23 0.98 100

Total 2,337 100

D11104_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

Married 1 2,059 98.9 98.9

Separated 5 1 0.05 98.94

Tanshin Funin 8 22 1.06 100

Total 2,082 100

D11104_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

Married 1 1,894 98.75 98.75

Separated 5 4 0.21 98.96

Page 17: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

9

Tanshin Funin 8 20 1.04 100

Total 1,918 100

D11104_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

Married 1 1,751 98.87 98.87

Separated 5 2 0.11 98.98

Tanshin Funin 8 18 1.02 100

Total 1,771 100

Page 18: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name D11105_2009-D11105_2014

Variable Label Relationship to Household Head

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation I

Description This variable indicates the respondent's relationship to the current survey year's head of

household.

Method

The JHPS reports who is the household head in the family.

The relation to head variable is created by collapsing the JHPS relationship to head variable into 5 categories.

The original variable has up to 11 categories. These categories include spouse, child, spouse of child, grandchild, parent,

parent of spouse, grandparent, grandparent of spouse, sibling, sibling of spouse, other relative and other.

Format: .M(-2) = Item non-response

.S(-3) = Survey non-response

1 = Head

2 = Partner

3 = Child

4 = Relative

5 = Non-Relative

This algorithm omits individuals with survey non-responses.

Unweighted Statistics

Tabulation for the Respondents

D11105_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 37 0.92 0.92

Head 1 2,033 50.55 51.47

Partner 2 1,237 30.76 82.22

Child 3 93 2.31 84.54

Relative 4 618 15.37 99.9

Non-Relative 5 4 0.1 100

Total 4,022 100

D11105_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 32 0.92 0.92

Head 1 1,787 51.5 52.42

Partner 2 1,084 31.24 83.66

Child 3 92 2.65 86.31

Relative 4 471 13.57 99.88

Non-Relative 5 4 0.12 100

Total 3,470 100

Page 19: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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D11105_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 35 1.11 1.11

Head 1 1,653 52.31 53.42

Partner 2 971 30.73 84.15

Child 3 79 2.5 86.65

Relative 4 420 13.29 99.94

Non-Relative 5 2 0.06 100

Total 3,160 100

D11105_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 43 1.52 1.52

Head 1 1,514 53.67 55.19

Partner 2 859 30.45 85.64

Child 3 73 2.59 88.23

Relative 4 330 11.7 99.93

Non-Relative 5 2 0.07 100

Total 2,821 100

D11105_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 38 1.47 1.47

Head 1 1,391 53.89 55.37

Partner 2 815 31.58 86.94

Child 3 63 2.44 89.38

Relative 4 273 10.58 99.96

Non-Relative 5 1 0.04 100

Total 2,581 100

D11105_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 37 1.57 1.57

Head 1 1,305 55.34 56.91

Partner 2 745 31.59 88.51

Child 3 55 2.33 90.84

Relative 4 215 9.12 99.96

Non-Relative 5 1 0.04 100

Total 2,358 100

Tabulation for the Spouses

D11105_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 14 0.48 0.48

Head 1 1,237 42.82 43.3

Partner 2 1,521 52.65 95.95

Child 3 41 1.42 97.37

Relative 4 76 2.63 100

Page 20: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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Total 2,889 100

D11105_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 15 0.59 0.59

Head 1 1,084 42.68 43.27

Partner 2 1,331 52.4 95.67

Child 3 46 1.81 97.48

Relative 4 64 2.52 100

Total 2,540 100

D11105_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 16 0.68 0.68

Head 1 971 41.55 42.23

Partner 2 1,253 53.62 95.85

Child 3 36 1.54 97.39

Relative 4 61 2.61 100

Total 2,337 100

D11105_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 15 0.72 0.72

Head 1 859 41.26 41.98

Partner 2 1,121 53.84 95.82

Child 3 34 1.63 97.45

Relative 4 53 2.55 100

Total 2,082 100

D11105_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 14 0.73 0.73

Head 1 815 42.49 43.22

Partner 2 1,014 52.87 96.09

Child 3 34 1.77 97.86

Relative 4 41 2.14 100

Total 1,918 100

D11105_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 17 0.96 0.96

Head 1 745 42.07 43.03

Partner 2 948 53.53 96.56

Child 3 25 1.41 97.97

Relative 4 36 2.03 100

Total 1,771 100

Page 21: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name D11106_2009-D11106_2014

Variable Label Number of Persons in Household

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation H

Description Indicates the number of persons in the household at the time of the interview.

Method

The individuals who meet at least one of the following requirements were regarded as being in the same household.

a. living together, no matter what kinds of relationship they have

b. family members are enrolled in school, regardless of living together or not, but they must share the same household

income

c. respondent's spouse who is living away from the family for work was considered as living in the same household

Format: .M(-2) = Item non-response

.S(-3) = Survey non-response

The value of this variable ranges from 1 to 10.

This algorithm omits individuals with survey non-responses.

Unweighted Statistics

Tabulation for the Respondents

D11106_2009 Freq. Percent Cum. 1 312 7.76 7.76

2 1,022 25.41 33.17 3 973 24.19 57.36 4 940 23.37 80.73 5 435 10.82 91.55 6 208 5.17 96.72 7 98 2.44 99.15 8 28 0.7 99.85 9 5 0.12 99.98 10 1 0.02 100

Total 4,022 100

D11106_2010 Freq. Percent Cum. 1 269 7.75 7.75

2 900 25.94 33.69 3 829 23.89 57.58 4 821 23.66 81.24 5 386 11.12 92.36 6 169 4.87 97.23 7 68 1.96 99.19

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8 22 0.63 99.83 9 5 0.14 99.97 10 1 0.03 100

Total 3,470 100

D11106_2011 Freq. Percent Cum. 1 253 8.01 8.01

2 862 27.28 35.28 3 738 23.35 58.64 4 767 24.27 82.91 5 307 9.72 92.63 6 152 4.81 97.44 7 62 1.96 99.4 8 12 0.38 99.78 9 5 0.16 99.94 10 2 0.06 100

Total 3,160 100

D11106_2012 Freq. Percent Cum. 1 257 9.11 9.11

2 769 27.26 36.37 3 650 23.04 59.41 4 674 23.89 83.3 5 284 10.07 93.37 6 118 4.18 97.55 7 48 1.7 99.26 8 15 0.53 99.79 9 5 0.18 99.96 10 1 0.04 100

Total 2,821 100

D11106_2013 Freq. Percent Cum. 1 244 9.45 9.45

2 707 27.39 36.85 3 609 23.6 60.44 4 621 24.06 84.5 5 232 8.99 93.49 6 105 4.07 97.56 7 50 1.94 99.5 8 9 0.35 99.85 9 3 0.12 99.96 10 1 0.04 100

Total 2,581 100

D11106_2014 Freq. Percent Cum. 1 215 9.12 9.12

2 681 28.88 38

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3 553 23.45 61.45 4 557 23.62 85.07 5 213 9.03 94.11 6 89 3.77 97.88 7 39 1.65 99.53 8 9 0.38 99.92 9 1 0.04 99.96 10 1 0.04 100

Total 2,358 100

Tabulation for the Spouses

D11106_2009 Freq. Percent Cum. 1 9 0.31 0.31

2 848 29.35 29.66 3 704 24.37 54.03 4 736 25.48 79.51 5 311 10.76 90.27 6 167 5.78 96.05 7 86 2.98 99.03 8 23 0.8 99.83 9 4 0.14 99.97 10 1 0.03 100

Total 2,889 100

D11106_2010 Freq. Percent Cum. 1 9 0.35 0.35

2 746 29.37 29.72 3 604 23.78 53.5 4 668 26.3 79.8 5 288 11.34 91.14 6 139 5.47 96.61 7 60 2.36 98.98 8 20 0.79 99.76 9 5 0.2 99.96 10 1 0.04 100

Total 2,540 100

D11106_2011 Freq. Percent Cum. 1 6 0.26 0.26

2 717 30.68 30.94 3 544 23.28 54.21 4 630 26.96 81.17 5 238 10.18 91.36 6 127 5.43 96.79 7 59 2.52 99.32

Page 24: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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8 10 0.43 99.74 9 4 0.17 99.91 10 2 0.09 100

Total 2,337 100

D11106_2012 Freq. Percent Cum. 1 6 0.29 0.29

2 647 31.08 31.36 3 469 22.53 53.89 4 569 27.33 81.22 5 230 11.05 92.27 6 97 4.66 96.93 7 45 2.16 99.09 8 14 0.67 99.76 9 4 0.19 99.95 10 1 0.05 100

Total 2,082 100

D11106_2013 Freq. Percent Cum. 1 7 0.36 0.36

2 591 30.81 31.18 3 449 23.41 54.59 4 531 27.69 82.27 5 191 9.96 92.23 6 90 4.69 96.92 7 48 2.5 99.43 8 8 0.42 99.84 9 2 0.1 99.95 10 1 0.05 100

Total 1,918 100

D11106_2014 Freq. Percent Cum. 1 2 0.11 0.11

2 567 32.02 32.13 3 411 23.21 55.34 4 486 27.44 82.78 5 182 10.28 93.05 6 76 4.29 97.35 7 37 2.09 99.44 8 8 0.45 99.89 9 1 0.06 99.94 10 1 0.06 100

Total 1,771 100

Page 25: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name D11107_2009-D11107_2014

Variable Label Number of Children in Household

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation H

Description Indicates the number of persons in the household under the age of 18 at the time of the

interview.

Method

The individuals who meet at least one of the following requirements were regarded as children in the household.

a. 0-18 years old and living together

b. 0-18 years old and enrolled in school, sharing the same household income and living apart from the family

Format: .M(-2) = Item non-response

.S(-3) = Survey non-response

The value of this variable ranges from 1 to 9.

This algorithm omits individuals with survey non-responses.

Unweighted Statistics

Tabulation for the Respondents

D11107_2009 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,558 63.6 63.6

1 646 16.06 79.66 2 622 15.46 95.13 3 166 4.13 99.25 4 25 0.62 99.88 5 3 0.07 99.95 6 1 0.02 99.98 7 1 0.02 100

Total 4,022 100

D11107_2010 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,214 63.8 63.8

1 535 15.42 79.22 2 547 15.76 94.99 3 146 4.21 99.19 4 23 0.66 99.86 5 4 0.12 99.97 8 1 0.03 100

Total 3,470 100

Page 26: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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D11107_2011 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,040 64.56 64.56

1 454 14.37 78.92 2 489 15.47 94.4 3 156 4.94 99.34 4 18 0.57 99.91 5 2 0.06 99.97 8 1 0.03 100

Total 3,160 100

D11107_2012 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,823 64.62 64.62

1 399 14.14 78.77 2 449 15.92 94.68 3 132 4.68 99.36 4 15 0.53 99.89 5 2 0.07 99.96 8 1 0.04 100

Total 2,821 100

D11107_2013 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,683 65.21 65.21

1 345 13.37 78.57 2 412 15.96 94.54 3 126 4.88 99.42 4 13 0.5 99.92 5 1 0.04 99.96 7 1 0.04 100

Total 2,581 100

D11107_2014 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,565 66.37 66.37

1 299 12.68 79.05 2 366 15.52 94.57 3 115 4.88 99.45 4 11 0.47 99.92 5 1 0.04 99.96 7 1 0.04 100

Total 2,358 100

Tabulation for the Spouses

D11107_2009 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,617 55.97 55.97

1 506 17.51 73.49

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2 579 20.04 93.53 3 160 5.54 99.07 4 22 0.76 99.83 5 3 0.1 99.93 6 1 0.03 99.97 7 1 0.03 100

Total 2,889 100

D11107_2010 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,432 56.38 56.38

1 431 16.97 73.35 2 511 20.12 93.46 3 138 5.43 98.9 4 23 0.91 99.8 5 4 0.16 99.96 8 1 0.04 100

Total 2,540 100

D11107_2011 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,330 56.91 56.91

1 381 16.3 73.21 2 458 19.6 92.81 3 147 6.29 99.1 4 18 0.77 99.87 5 2 0.09 99.96 8 1 0.04 100

Total 2,337 100

D11107_2012 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,182 56.77 56.77

1 339 16.28 73.05 2 421 20.22 93.28 3 122 5.86 99.14 4 15 0.72 99.86 5 2 0.1 99.95 8 1 0.05 100

Total 2,082 100

D11107_2013 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,097 57.19 57.19

1 299 15.59 72.78 2 393 20.49 93.27 3 115 6 99.27 4 12 0.63 99.9 5 1 0.05 99.95 7 1 0.05 100

Total 1,918 100

Page 28: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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D11107_2014 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,044 58.95 58.95

1 258 14.57 73.52 2 353 19.93 93.45 3 104 5.87 99.32 4 10 0.56 99.89 5 1 0.06 99.94 7 1 0.06 100

Total 1,771 100

Page 29: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name D11108_2009-D11108_2014

Variable Label Education With Respect to High School

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation I

Description This variable indicates the highest level of education (less than high school, completed high

school, or more than high school) of respondents in the household.

Method

The JHPS reports the last educational attainment and the current enrollment for the respondent and respondent's spouse.

The original education variable has up to 6 categories. These categories include junior high school, high school, junior

college or a specialized school, four-year university, graduate school and other.

The original enrollment variable has up to 3 categories. These categories include attending now, graduated and dropped

now.

The level of education with respect to high school variable is created by collapsing the JHPS variable into 3 categories.

The respondent whose last education is 'Junior high school' was regarded as 'Less than High School'.

The respondent who is attending or dropped from 'High School' was regarded as 'Less than High School'.

The respondent who has graduated from high school was regarded as 'High School'.

The respondent who is attending or dropped from 'Junior college or a specialized school' or 'Four-year university' was

regarded as 'High School'.

The respondent who has graduated from 'Junior college or a specialized school' or 'Four-year university' was regarded as

'More than High School'.

The respondent whose last education is 'Graduate school' was regarded as 'More than High School'.

Format: .M(-2) = Item non-response

.S(-3) = Survey non-response

1 = Less than High School

2 = High School

3 = More than High School

Educational attainment was only available in 2009. For the following years, the value is corresponding to the value of 2009.

This algorithm omits individuals with survey non-responses.

Unweighted Statistics

Tabulation for the Respondents

D11108_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 303 7.53 7.53

Less than High School 1 487 12.11 19.64

High School 2 1,853 46.07 65.71

More than High School 3 1,379 34.29 100

Total 4,022 100

D11108_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 261 7.52 7.52

Less than High School 1 402 11.59 19.11

Page 30: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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High School 2 1,604 46.22 65.33

More than High School 3 1,203 34.67 100

Total 3,470 100

D11108_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 240 7.59 7.59

Less than High School 1 352 11.14 18.73

High School 2 1,453 45.98 64.72

More than High School 3 1,115 35.28 100

Total 3,160 100

D11108_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 221 7.83 7.83

Less than High School 1 301 10.67 18.5

High School 2 1,286 45.59 64.09

More than High School 3 1,013 35.91 100

Total 2,821 100

D11108_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 212 8.21 8.21

Less than High School 1 267 10.34 18.56

High School 2 1,168 45.25 63.81

More than High School 3 934 36.19 100

Total 2,581 100

D11108_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 195 8.27 8.27

Less than High School 1 238 10.09 18.36

High School 2 1,059 44.91 63.27

More than High School 3 866 36.73 100

Total 2,358 100

Tabulation for the Spouses

D11108_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 168 5.82 5.82

Less than High School 1 371 12.84 18.66

High School 2 1,340 46.38 65.04

More than High School 3 1,010 34.96 100

Total 2,889 100

D11108_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 163 6.42 6.42

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Less than High School 1 309 12.17 18.58

High School 2 1,164 45.83 64.41

More than High School 3 904 35.59 100

Total 2,540 100

D11108_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 158 6.76 6.76

Less than High School 1 271 11.6 18.36

High School 2 1,068 45.7 64.06

More than High School 3 840 35.94 100

Total 2,337 100

D11108_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 143 6.87 6.87

Less than High School 1 228 10.95 17.82

High School 2 947 45.49 63.3

More than High School 3 764 36.7 100

Total 2,082 100

D11108_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 144 7.51 7.51

Less than High School 1 198 10.32 17.83

High School 2 859 44.79 62.62

More than High School 3 717 37.38 100

Total 1,918 100

D11108_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 125 7.06 7.06

Less than High School 1 176 9.94 17

High School 2 786 44.38 61.38

More than High School 3 684 38.62 100

Total 1,771 100

Page 32: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name D11109_2009-D11109_2014

Variable Label Number of Years of Education

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation I

Description This variable indicates the number of years of education completed at the time survey for

all individuals in the household.

Method

The JHPS reports the last educational attainment and current enrollment for the respondent and respondent's spouse.

The original education variable has up to 6 categories. These categories include junior high school, high school, junior

college or a specialized school, four-year university, graduate school and other.

The original enrollment variable has up to 3 categories. These categories include attending now, graduated and dropped

now.

The years of education is created according to the information about the last educational attainment and current enrollment.

If the respondent graduated from 'Junior high school', 'High school', 'Junior college or a specialized school', 'Four-year

university', and 'Graduate school', his/her years of education would be 9 years, 12years, 14years, 16years and 18 years,

respectively.

If the respondent is attending or dropped from the school he/she last entered, the years of education will be counted as the

full required years for previous educational level.

Format: .M(-2) = Item non-response

.S(-3) = Survey non-response

The value of this variable is 6, 9, 12, 14, 16 or 18.

Educational attainment was only available in 2009. For the following years, the value is corresponding to the value of 2009.

This algorithm omits individuals with survey non-responses.

Unweighted Statistics

Tabulation for the Respondents

D11109_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 311 7.73 7.73 6 6 0.15 7.88 9 473 11.76 19.64 12 1,853 46.07 65.71 14 470 11.69 77.4 16 852 21.18 98.58 18 57 1.42 100

Total 4,022 100

D11109_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 268 7.72 7.72 6 5 0.14 7.87 9 390 11.24 19.11

Page 33: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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12 1,604 46.22 65.33 14 409 11.79 77.12 16 743 21.41 98.53 18 51 1.47 100

Total 3,470 100

D11109_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 246 7.78 7.78 6 5 0.16 7.94 9 341 10.79 18.73 12 1,453 45.98 64.72 14 371 11.74 76.46 16 696 22.03 98.48 18 48 1.52 100

Total 3,160 100

D11109_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 225 7.98 7.98 6 5 0.18 8.15 9 292 10.35 18.5 12 1,291 45.76 64.27 14 331 11.73 76 16 632 22.4 98.4 18 45 1.6 100

Total 2,821 100

D11109_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 215 8.33 8.33 6 3 0.12 8.45 9 261 10.11 18.56 12 1,170 45.33 63.89 14 306 11.86 75.75 16 585 22.67 98.41 18 41 1.59 100

Total 2,581 100

D11109_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 198 8.4 8.4 6 3 0.13 8.52 9 232 9.84 18.36 12 1,062 45.04 63.4 14 286 12.13 75.53 16 540 22.9 98.43 18 37 1.57 100

Total 2,358 100

Page 34: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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Tabulation for the Spouses

D11109_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 176 6.09 6.09 6 9 0.31 6.4 9 354 12.25 18.66 12 1,340 46.38 65.04 14 369 12.77 77.81 16 607 21.01 98.82 18 34 1.18 100

Total 2,889 100

D11109_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 169 6.65 6.65 6 8 0.31 6.97 9 295 11.61 18.58 12 1,164 45.83 64.41 14 338 13.31 77.72 16 535 21.06 98.78 18 31 1.22 100

Total 2,540 100

D11109_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 164 7.02 7.02 6 8 0.34 7.36 9 257 11 18.36 12 1,068 45.7 64.06 14 319 13.65 77.71 16 493 21.1 98.8 18 28 1.2 100

Total 2,337 100

D11109_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 148 7.11 7.11 6 8 0.38 7.49 9 215 10.33 17.82 12 947 45.49 63.3 14 295 14.17 77.47 16 443 21.28 98.75 18 26 1.25 100

Total 2,082 100

D11109_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 148 7.72 7.72 6 6 0.31 8.03

Page 35: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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9 187 9.75 17.78 12 860 44.84 62.62 14 284 14.81 77.42 16 408 21.27 98.7 18 25 1.3 100

Total 1,918 100

D11109_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 128 7.23 7.23 6 6 0.34 7.57 9 166 9.37 16.94 12 787 44.44 61.38 14 274 15.47 76.85 16 386 21.8 98.64 18 24 1.36 100

Total 1,771 100

Page 36: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name D11112_2009-D11112_2014

Variable Label Race of Individual

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation I

Description Indicates the race of the individual.

Method

All the respondents were considered from Asian.

Format: .M(-2) = Item non-response

.S(-3) = Survey non-response

1 = White

2 = Black

3 = American Indian, Aleut, Eskimo

4 = Asian, Pacific Islander

5 = Hispanic

7 = Other

This algorithm omits individuals with survey non-responses.

Unweighted Statistics

Tabulation for the Respondents

D11112_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

Asian, Pacific Islander 4 4,022 100 100

Total 4,022 100

D11112_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

Asian, Pacific Islander 4 3,470 100 100

Total 3,470 100

D11112_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

Asian, Pacific Islander 4 3,160 100 100

Total 3,160 100

D11112_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

Asian, Pacific Islander 4 2,821 100 100

Total 2,821 100

D11112_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

Page 37: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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Asian, Pacific Islander 4 2,581 100 100

Total 2,581 100

D11112_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

Asian, Pacific Islander 4 2,358 100 100

Total 2,358 100

Tabulation for the Spouses

D11112_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

Asian, Pacific Islander 4 2,889 100 100

Total 2,889 100

D11112_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

Asian, Pacific Islander 4 2,540 100 100

Total 2,540 100

D11112_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

Asian, Pacific Islander 4 2,337 100 100

Total 2,337 100

D11112_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

Asian, Pacific Islander 4 2,082 100 100

Total 2,082 100

D11112_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

Asian, Pacific Islander 4 1,918 100 100

Total 1,918 100

D11112_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

Asian, Pacific Islander 4 1,771 100 100

Total 1,771 100

Page 38: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

30

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name E11101_2009-E11101_2014

Variable Label Annual Work Hours of Individual

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation I

Description This variable reports annual hours worked in the previous year for the respondent and

respondent's spouse.

Method

The JHPS reports weekly working hours and working months for the respondent and respondent's spouse.

Annual work hours were calculated by weekly working hours times 4 weeks times working months.

Format: .M(-2) = Item non-response

.S(-3) = Survey non-response

This algorithm omits individuals with survey non-responses.

Unweighted Statistics

Tabulation for the Respondents

E11101_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,451 36.08 36.08 0 18 0.45 36.52 16 1 0.02 36.55 32 1 0.02 36.57 36 3 0.07 36.65 40 1 0.02 36.67 48 7 0.17 36.85 56 1 0.02 36.87 64 1 0.02 36.9 72 1 0.02 36.92 80 4 0.1 37.02 84 1 0.02 37.05 96 4 0.1 37.15 100 1 0.02 37.17 108 2 0.05 37.22 144 9 0.22 37.44 160 7 0.17 37.62 168 1 0.02 37.64 180 2 0.05 37.69 192 17 0.42 38.12 200 1 0.02 38.14 208 1 0.02 38.17 220 1 0.02 38.19 224 1 0.02 38.21

Page 39: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

31

240 29 0.72 38.94 256 1 0.02 38.96 280 2 0.05 39.01 288 14 0.35 39.36 308 1 0.02 39.38 320 4 0.1 39.48 324 1 0.02 39.51 336 21 0.52 40.03 352 2 0.05 40.08 384 57 1.42 41.5 396 1 0.02 41.52 400 2 0.05 41.57 432 24 0.6 42.17 440 1 0.02 42.19 476 1 0.02 42.22 480 54 1.34 43.56 500 1 0.02 43.59 504 1 0.02 43.61 512 1 0.02 43.64 520 1 0.02 43.66 528 14 0.35 44.01 560 2 0.05 44.06 576 29 0.72 44.78 600 7 0.17 44.95 624 8 0.2 45.15 640 7 0.17 45.33 648 2 0.05 45.38 660 1 0.02 45.4 672 11 0.27 45.67 700 2 0.05 45.72 704 1 0.02 45.75 720 37 0.92 46.67 756 3 0.07 46.74 768 27 0.67 47.41 800 1 0.02 47.44 816 3 0.07 47.51 840 1 0.02 47.54 864 19 0.47 48.01 880 1 0.02 48.04 896 1 0.02 48.06 900 1 0.02 48.09 912 5 0.12 48.21 960 81 2.01 50.22 968 2 0.05 50.27 980 3 0.07 50.35 1000 2 0.05 50.4 1008 13 0.32 50.72 1024 1 0.02 50.75 1056 16 0.4 51.14 1080 3 0.07 51.22 1104 8 0.2 51.42

Page 40: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

32

1120 8 0.2 51.62 1152 35 0.87 52.49 1200 51 1.27 53.75 1232 2 0.05 53.8 1248 8 0.2 54 1260 1 0.02 54.03 1280 1 0.02 54.05 1296 6 0.15 54.2 1320 1 0.02 54.23 1344 16 0.4 54.62 1360 1 0.02 54.65 1392 6 0.15 54.8 1400 3 0.07 54.87 1440 94 2.34 57.21 1452 1 0.02 57.24 1488 3 0.07 57.31 1512 2 0.05 57.36 1520 1 0.02 57.38 1536 18 0.45 57.83 1540 1 0.02 57.86 1584 4 0.1 57.96 1600 4 0.1 58.06 1620 4 0.1 58.16 1628 1 0.02 58.18 1632 6 0.15 58.33 1640 1 0.02 58.35 1680 57 1.42 59.77 1720 1 0.02 59.8 1728 22 0.55 60.34 1760 3 0.07 60.42 1776 11 0.27 60.69 1800 2 0.05 60.74 1824 33 0.82 61.56 1872 17 0.42 61.98 1920 397 9.87 71.85 1944 1 0.02 71.88 1968 12 0.3 72.18 1980 1 0.02 72.2 2016 61 1.52 73.72 2024 1 0.02 73.74 2064 20 0.5 74.24 2112 31 0.77 75.01 2160 151 3.75 78.77 2208 14 0.35 79.11 2256 5 0.12 79.24 2304 121 3.01 82.25 2352 9 0.22 82.47 2400 211 5.25 87.72 2448 2 0.05 87.77 2496 12 0.3 88.07 2544 3 0.07 88.14

Page 41: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

33

2592 42 1.04 89.18 2640 47 1.17 90.35 2688 19 0.47 90.83 2736 4 0.1 90.92 2784 8 0.2 91.12 2800 1 0.02 91.15 2880 159 3.95 95.1 2976 1 0.02 95.13 3024 6 0.15 95.28 3072 3 0.07 95.35 3080 1 0.02 95.38 3120 15 0.37 95.75 3168 17 0.42 96.17 3264 4 0.1 96.27 3360 49 1.22 97.49 3408 1 0.02 97.51 3456 29 0.72 98.23 3600 7 0.17 98.41 3696 2 0.05 98.46 3744 7 0.17 98.63 3792 1 0.02 98.66 3840 9 0.22 98.88 3960 1 0.02 98.91 3984 1 0.02 98.93 4032 10 0.25 99.18 4080 1 0.02 99.2 4320 9 0.22 99.43 4368 2 0.05 99.48 4560 1 0.02 99.5 4608 3 0.07 99.58 4800 3 0.07 99.65 4896 1 0.02 99.68 4992 1 0.02 99.7 5040 3 0.07 99.78 5280 1 0.02 99.8 5376 2 0.05 99.85 5760 5 0.12 99.98 6528 1 0.02 100

Total 4,022 100

E11101_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,242 35.79 35.79 0 9 0.26 36.05 16 1 0.03 36.08 24 2 0.06 36.14 28 1 0.03 36.17 40 1 0.03 36.2 48 4 0.12 36.31 56 1 0.03 36.34 60 1 0.03 36.37

Page 42: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

34

64 3 0.09 36.46 72 2 0.06 36.51 80 4 0.12 36.63 84 2 0.06 36.69 96 5 0.14 36.83 100 1 0.03 36.86 108 3 0.09 36.95 112 3 0.09 37.03 120 2 0.06 37.09 128 2 0.06 37.15 140 2 0.06 37.2 144 10 0.29 37.49 160 3 0.09 37.58 168 1 0.03 37.61 192 12 0.35 37.95 200 2 0.06 38.01 208 1 0.03 38.04 216 1 0.03 38.07 220 2 0.06 38.13 240 14 0.4 38.53 280 1 0.03 38.56 288 21 0.61 39.16 296 1 0.03 39.19 300 2 0.06 39.25 312 1 0.03 39.28 320 6 0.17 39.45 324 1 0.03 39.48 336 17 0.49 39.97 352 1 0.03 40 384 50 1.44 41.44 396 1 0.03 41.47 400 1 0.03 41.5 420 2 0.06 41.56 432 23 0.66 42.22 448 1 0.03 42.25 468 1 0.03 42.28 480 52 1.5 43.78 500 1 0.03 43.8 504 1 0.03 43.83 528 10 0.29 44.12 540 2 0.06 44.18 560 2 0.06 44.24 576 28 0.81 45.04 600 2 0.06 45.1 616 3 0.09 45.19 624 6 0.17 45.36 640 3 0.09 45.45 672 12 0.35 45.79 700 2 0.06 45.85 704 1 0.03 45.88 720 39 1.12 47

Page 43: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

35

748 1 0.03 47.03 756 1 0.03 47.06 768 23 0.66 47.72 784 1 0.03 47.75 792 1 0.03 47.78 800 2 0.06 47.84 816 10 0.29 48.13 840 2 0.06 48.18 864 13 0.37 48.56 880 2 0.06 48.62 900 1 0.03 48.65 912 2 0.06 48.7 960 78 2.25 50.95 968 1 0.03 50.98 1000 1 0.03 51.01 1008 17 0.49 51.5 1056 11 0.32 51.82 1080 3 0.09 51.9 1100 1 0.03 51.93 1104 7 0.2 52.13 1120 2 0.06 52.19 1148 1 0.03 52.22 1152 25 0.72 52.94 1188 1 0.03 52.97 1200 48 1.38 54.35 1232 1 0.03 54.38 1248 14 0.4 54.78 1260 6 0.17 54.96 1276 1 0.03 54.99 1280 2 0.06 55.04 1296 8 0.23 55.27 1320 3 0.09 55.36 1344 16 0.46 55.82 1368 1 0.03 55.85 1392 2 0.06 55.91 1400 1 0.03 55.94 1440 82 2.36 58.3 1488 3 0.09 58.39 1536 22 0.63 59.02 1584 4 0.12 59.14 1600 4 0.12 59.25 1620 3 0.09 59.34 1628 1 0.03 59.37 1632 4 0.12 59.48 1680 40 1.15 60.63 1728 14 0.4 61.04 1760 4 0.12 61.15 1776 10 0.29 61.44 1800 2 0.06 61.5 1824 17 0.49 61.99 1836 1 0.03 62.02

Page 44: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

36

1872 18 0.52 62.54 1920 309 8.9 71.44 1968 13 0.37 71.82 1980 1 0.03 71.84 2016 39 1.12 72.97 2052 1 0.03 73 2064 19 0.55 73.54 2112 27 0.78 74.32 2156 1 0.03 74.35 2160 129 3.72 78.07 2200 1 0.03 78.1 2208 16 0.46 78.56 2256 16 0.46 79.02 2304 106 3.05 82.07 2340 1 0.03 82.1 2352 7 0.2 82.31 2400 200 5.76 88.07 2448 4 0.12 88.18 2496 8 0.23 88.41 2544 7 0.2 88.62 2592 27 0.78 89.39 2640 42 1.21 90.61 2688 23 0.66 91.27 2736 2 0.06 91.33 2784 6 0.17 91.5 2880 137 3.95 95.45 2928 2 0.06 95.5 2976 1 0.03 95.53 3024 6 0.17 95.71 3072 4 0.12 95.82 3120 13 0.37 96.2 3168 13 0.37 96.57 3264 3 0.09 96.66 3312 1 0.03 96.69 3360 34 0.98 97.67 3456 21 0.61 98.27 3504 3 0.09 98.36 3600 4 0.12 98.47 3648 1 0.03 98.5 3696 6 0.17 98.67 3744 2 0.06 98.73 3840 14 0.4 99.14 4032 6 0.17 99.31 4080 1 0.03 99.34 4200 1 0.03 99.37 4320 8 0.23 99.6 4500 1 0.03 99.63 4560 1 0.03 99.65 4704 1 0.03 99.68 4800 8 0.23 99.91 5376 1 0.03 99.94

Page 45: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

37

5760 1 0.03 99.97 6720 1 0.03 100

Total 3,470 100

E11101_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,122 35.51 35.51 0 10 0.32 35.82 8 1 0.03 35.85 16 1 0.03 35.89 20 2 0.06 35.95 24 1 0.03 35.98 36 1 0.03 36.01 40 1 0.03 36.04 48 6 0.19 36.23 56 1 0.03 36.27 60 1 0.03 36.3 80 1 0.03 36.33 96 4 0.13 36.46 108 1 0.03 36.49 120 2 0.06 36.55 140 2 0.06 36.61 144 16 0.51 37.12 160 4 0.13 37.25 168 3 0.09 37.34 180 1 0.03 37.37 192 14 0.44 37.82 200 4 0.13 37.94 216 1 0.03 37.97 220 1 0.03 38.01 224 1 0.03 38.04 240 16 0.51 38.54 280 2 0.06 38.61 288 19 0.6 39.21 300 2 0.06 39.27 320 1 0.03 39.3 336 11 0.35 39.65 352 1 0.03 39.68 360 2 0.06 39.75 384 36 1.14 40.89 392 1 0.03 40.92 400 3 0.09 41.01 420 2 0.06 41.08 432 22 0.7 41.77 448 1 0.03 41.8 480 37 1.17 42.97 512 1 0.03 43.01 520 1 0.03 43.04 528 5 0.16 43.2 540 2 0.06 43.26 560 5 0.16 43.42

Page 46: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

38

576 26 0.82 44.24 624 4 0.13 44.37 640 2 0.06 44.43 648 1 0.03 44.46 660 1 0.03 44.49 672 7 0.22 44.72 700 2 0.06 44.78 704 2 0.06 44.84 720 30 0.95 45.79 756 1 0.03 45.82 768 22 0.7 46.52 792 1 0.03 46.55 800 2 0.06 46.61 816 4 0.13 46.74 820 1 0.03 46.77 840 3 0.09 46.87 864 17 0.54 47.41 880 2 0.06 47.47 900 2 0.06 47.53 912 2 0.06 47.59 936 1 0.03 47.63 960 70 2.22 49.84 980 2 0.06 49.91 1000 1 0.03 49.94 1008 14 0.44 50.38 1056 14 0.44 50.82 1080 2 0.06 50.89 1100 1 0.03 50.92 1104 10 0.32 51.23 1120 4 0.13 51.36 1152 28 0.89 52.25 1160 1 0.03 52.28 1188 1 0.03 52.31 1200 42 1.33 53.64 1248 4 0.13 53.77 1280 2 0.06 53.83 1296 5 0.16 53.99 1320 2 0.06 54.05 1344 18 0.57 54.62 1368 1 0.03 54.65 1392 3 0.09 54.75 1400 1 0.03 54.78 1440 60 1.9 56.68 1488 1 0.03 56.71 1512 2 0.06 56.77 1536 12 0.38 57.15 1540 1 0.03 57.18 1568 1 0.03 57.22 1584 7 0.22 57.44 1600 1 0.03 57.47 1632 2 0.06 57.53

Page 47: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

39

1680 45 1.42 58.96 1716 1 0.03 58.99 1728 16 0.51 59.49 1760 5 0.16 59.65 1776 10 0.32 59.97 1800 2 0.06 60.03 1824 25 0.79 60.82 1872 15 0.47 61.3 1920 298 9.43 70.73 1960 1 0.03 70.76 1968 12 0.38 71.14 2000 3 0.09 71.23 2016 44 1.39 72.63 2048 1 0.03 72.66 2064 21 0.66 73.32 2088 2 0.06 73.39 2112 21 0.66 74.05 2160 113 3.58 77.63 2200 1 0.03 77.66 2208 8 0.25 77.91 2256 7 0.22 78.13 2304 93 2.94 81.08 2340 1 0.03 81.11 2352 9 0.28 81.39 2376 1 0.03 81.42 2400 214 6.77 88.2 2448 2 0.06 88.26 2496 8 0.25 88.51 2544 5 0.16 88.67 2592 35 1.11 89.78 2640 39 1.23 91.01 2688 15 0.47 91.49 2736 3 0.09 91.58 2784 4 0.13 91.71 2832 2 0.06 91.77 2880 101 3.2 94.97 2976 4 0.13 95.09 3024 6 0.19 95.28 3072 3 0.09 95.38 3120 11 0.35 95.73 3168 10 0.32 96.04 3216 1 0.03 96.08 3264 2 0.06 96.14 3312 1 0.03 96.17 3360 44 1.39 97.56 3456 15 0.47 98.04 3600 3 0.09 98.13 3696 6 0.19 98.32 3744 7 0.22 98.54 3840 12 0.38 98.92 4032 11 0.35 99.27

Page 48: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

40

4080 2 0.06 99.34 4224 2 0.06 99.4 4320 8 0.25 99.65 4560 1 0.03 99.68 4800 2 0.06 99.75 4896 1 0.03 99.78 5280 1 0.03 99.81 5520 1 0.03 99.84 5856 1 0.03 99.87 5904 1 0.03 99.91 6000 1 0.03 99.94 6336 1 0.03 99.97 6720 1 0.03 100

Total 3,160 100

E11101_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 998 35.38 35.38 0 8 0.28 35.66 8 1 0.04 35.7 48 9 0.32 36.02 64 1 0.04 36.05 80 2 0.07 36.12 96 10 0.35 36.48 108 1 0.04 36.51 120 3 0.11 36.62 128 2 0.07 36.69 140 1 0.04 36.72 144 11 0.39 37.11 156 1 0.04 37.15 160 1 0.04 37.19 192 17 0.6 37.79 216 1 0.04 37.82 224 1 0.04 37.86 240 16 0.57 38.43 288 21 0.74 39.17 320 2 0.07 39.24 336 11 0.39 39.63 360 1 0.04 39.67 384 39 1.38 41.05 432 20 0.71 41.76 440 1 0.04 41.79 456 1 0.04 41.83 480 41 1.45 43.28 516 1 0.04 43.32 528 7 0.25 43.57 540 1 0.04 43.6 560 3 0.11 43.71 576 29 1.03 44.74 600 1 0.04 44.77 624 5 0.18 44.95

Page 49: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

41

640 1 0.04 44.98 672 16 0.57 45.55 680 1 0.04 45.59 700 2 0.07 45.66 704 1 0.04 45.69 720 30 1.06 46.76 768 18 0.64 47.39 800 3 0.11 47.5 816 3 0.11 47.61 840 2 0.07 47.68 864 12 0.43 48.1 900 3 0.11 48.21 912 4 0.14 48.35 936 1 0.04 48.39 960 70 2.48 50.87 1008 11 0.39 51.26 1056 15 0.53 51.79 1064 1 0.04 51.83 1080 3 0.11 51.93 1100 1 0.04 51.97 1104 4 0.14 52.11 1120 3 0.11 52.22 1152 25 0.89 53.1 1184 1 0.04 53.14 1200 35 1.24 54.38 1232 1 0.04 54.41 1248 3 0.11 54.52 1280 5 0.18 54.7 1296 3 0.11 54.8 1320 1 0.04 54.84 1332 1 0.04 54.87 1344 13 0.46 55.33 1392 7 0.25 55.58 1400 2 0.07 55.65 1440 59 2.09 57.75 1488 2 0.07 57.82 1512 2 0.07 57.89 1536 16 0.57 58.45 1540 1 0.04 58.49 1560 1 0.04 58.53 1584 4 0.14 58.67 1600 3 0.11 58.77 1620 2 0.07 58.84 1632 2 0.07 58.92 1640 1 0.04 58.95 1680 39 1.38 60.33 1728 14 0.5 60.83 1760 1 0.04 60.86 1776 7 0.25 61.11 1800 2 0.07 61.18 1824 15 0.53 61.72

Page 50: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

42

1872 9 0.32 62.03 1920 265 9.39 71.43 1968 12 0.43 71.85 1980 1 0.04 71.89 2000 1 0.04 71.92 2016 44 1.56 73.48 2064 12 0.43 73.91 2112 14 0.5 74.41 2160 94 3.33 77.74 2200 1 0.04 77.77 2208 14 0.5 78.27 2256 6 0.21 78.48 2304 81 2.87 81.35 2352 4 0.14 81.5 2400 167 5.92 87.42 2448 4 0.14 87.56 2496 5 0.18 87.73 2544 5 0.18 87.91 2592 21 0.74 88.66 2600 1 0.04 88.69 2640 49 1.74 90.43 2688 27 0.96 91.39 2736 3 0.11 91.49 2784 4 0.14 91.63 2832 1 0.04 91.67 2880 107 3.79 95.46 3024 7 0.25 95.71 3072 3 0.11 95.82 3120 14 0.5 96.31 3168 5 0.18 96.49 3216 1 0.04 96.53 3264 1 0.04 96.56 3312 1 0.04 96.6 3360 26 0.92 97.52 3408 2 0.07 97.59 3456 16 0.57 98.16 3600 4 0.14 98.3 3648 1 0.04 98.33 3696 3 0.11 98.44 3744 3 0.11 98.55 3840 8 0.28 98.83 3888 1 0.04 98.87 4032 5 0.18 99.04 4080 2 0.07 99.11 4320 8 0.28 99.4 4368 1 0.04 99.43 4608 2 0.07 99.5 4704 1 0.04 99.54 4800 7 0.25 99.79 5040 1 0.04 99.82 5280 2 0.07 99.89

Page 51: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

43

5760 1 0.04 99.93 6144 1 0.04 99.96 6720 1 0.04 100

Total 2,821 100

E11101_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 927 35.92 35.92 0 4 0.15 36.07 16 1 0.04 36.11 40 1 0.04 36.15 48 1 0.04 36.19 64 1 0.04 36.23 72 1 0.04 36.27 84 1 0.04 36.3 96 5 0.19 36.5 100 1 0.04 36.54 108 2 0.08 36.61 120 4 0.15 36.77 128 2 0.08 36.85 140 2 0.08 36.92 144 9 0.35 37.27 160 6 0.23 37.5 176 1 0.04 37.54 180 1 0.04 37.58 192 11 0.43 38.01 200 2 0.08 38.09 208 1 0.04 38.12 240 13 0.5 38.63 252 1 0.04 38.67 256 1 0.04 38.71 288 6 0.23 38.94 308 1 0.04 38.98 320 4 0.15 39.13 324 2 0.08 39.21 336 20 0.77 39.98 352 1 0.04 40.02 360 1 0.04 40.06 384 25 0.97 41.03 432 19 0.74 41.77 440 1 0.04 41.81 480 42 1.63 43.43 504 1 0.04 43.47 528 2 0.08 43.55 576 24 0.93 44.48 600 3 0.12 44.6 608 1 0.04 44.63 624 2 0.08 44.71 640 2 0.08 44.79 648 1 0.04 44.83 660 1 0.04 44.87

Page 52: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

44

672 7 0.27 45.14 680 2 0.08 45.22 688 1 0.04 45.25 700 2 0.08 45.33 704 1 0.04 45.37 720 30 1.16 46.53 768 21 0.81 47.35 780 1 0.04 47.38 816 1 0.04 47.42 864 14 0.54 47.97 868 1 0.04 48 900 1 0.04 48.04 912 5 0.19 48.24 960 61 2.36 50.6 1008 11 0.43 51.03 1056 14 0.54 51.57 1080 1 0.04 51.61 1100 1 0.04 51.65 1104 5 0.19 51.84 1152 26 1.01 52.85 1188 1 0.04 52.89 1200 36 1.39 54.28 1216 1 0.04 54.32 1232 1 0.04 54.36 1248 4 0.15 54.51 1260 1 0.04 54.55 1280 1 0.04 54.59 1296 8 0.31 54.9 1344 9 0.35 55.25 1392 4 0.15 55.4 1400 1 0.04 55.44 1440 54 2.09 57.54 1488 4 0.15 57.69 1512 1 0.04 57.73 1520 1 0.04 57.77 1536 14 0.54 58.31 1540 1 0.04 58.35 1568 1 0.04 58.39 1584 4 0.15 58.54 1600 2 0.08 58.62 1620 1 0.04 58.66 1632 1 0.04 58.7 1680 47 1.82 60.52 1728 20 0.77 61.29 1760 1 0.04 61.33 1776 7 0.27 61.6 1800 1 0.04 61.64 1804 1 0.04 61.68 1824 22 0.85 62.53 1872 9 0.35 62.88 1920 229 8.87 71.76

Page 53: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

45

1968 8 0.31 72.07 1980 1 0.04 72.1 2016 39 1.51 73.61 2064 12 0.46 74.08 2112 18 0.7 74.78 2160 96 3.72 78.5 2200 1 0.04 78.54 2208 10 0.39 78.92 2256 7 0.27 79.19 2304 71 2.75 81.94 2352 8 0.31 82.25 2400 150 5.81 88.07 2464 1 0.04 88.11 2496 8 0.31 88.42 2544 7 0.27 88.69 2592 25 0.97 89.66 2640 33 1.28 90.93 2688 23 0.89 91.82 2736 3 0.12 91.94 2784 2 0.08 92.02 2800 1 0.04 92.06 2880 91 3.53 95.58 3024 6 0.23 95.82 3080 1 0.04 95.85 3120 10 0.39 96.24 3168 9 0.35 96.59 3216 1 0.04 96.63 3264 1 0.04 96.67 3360 29 1.12 97.79 3408 1 0.04 97.83 3456 14 0.54 98.37 3504 1 0.04 98.41 3600 5 0.19 98.61 3696 1 0.04 98.64 3744 1 0.04 98.68 3840 8 0.31 98.99 4032 7 0.27 99.26 4080 1 0.04 99.3 4320 3 0.12 99.42 4368 3 0.12 99.54 4608 1 0.04 99.57 4800 4 0.15 99.73 4896 1 0.04 99.77 5040 1 0.04 99.81 5280 2 0.08 99.88 5760 1 0.04 99.92 6288 1 0.04 99.96 6720 1 0.04 100

Total 2,581 100

Page 54: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

46

E11101_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 838 35.54 35.54 0 5 0.21 35.75 8 1 0.04 35.79 12 3 0.13 35.92 24 1 0.04 35.96 32 1 0.04 36.01 48 3 0.13 36.13 56 1 0.04 36.17 60 1 0.04 36.22 72 2 0.08 36.3 80 3 0.13 36.43 96 5 0.21 36.64 100 1 0.04 36.68 108 1 0.04 36.73 112 1 0.04 36.77 120 1 0.04 36.81 132 2 0.08 36.9 140 1 0.04 36.94 144 4 0.17 37.11 152 1 0.04 37.15 160 3 0.13 37.28 168 2 0.08 37.36 180 2 0.08 37.45 192 5 0.21 37.66 200 1 0.04 37.7 216 3 0.13 37.83 220 1 0.04 37.87 240 14 0.59 38.46 252 1 0.04 38.51 256 1 0.04 38.55 260 1 0.04 38.59 264 1 0.04 38.63 288 13 0.55 39.19 320 1 0.04 39.23 336 12 0.51 39.74 360 2 0.08 39.82 384 42 1.78 41.6 392 1 0.04 41.65 432 15 0.64 42.28 440 2 0.08 42.37 480 42 1.78 44.15 528 4 0.17 44.32 560 4 0.17 44.49 576 20 0.85 45.34 600 3 0.13 45.46 624 3 0.13 45.59 640 1 0.04 45.63 644 1 0.04 45.67 648 1 0.04 45.72 660 1 0.04 45.76

Page 55: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

47

672 10 0.42 46.18 704 1 0.04 46.23 720 22 0.93 47.16 736 1 0.04 47.2 748 1 0.04 47.24 756 1 0.04 47.29 760 1 0.04 47.33 768 18 0.76 48.09 800 2 0.08 48.18 816 1 0.04 48.22 840 2 0.08 48.3 864 14 0.59 48.9 880 4 0.17 49.07 900 1 0.04 49.11 912 5 0.21 49.32 960 47 1.99 51.31 980 1 0.04 51.36 1000 1 0.04 51.4 1008 10 0.42 51.82 1056 6 0.25 52.08 1064 1 0.04 52.12 1080 1 0.04 52.16 1100 1 0.04 52.21 1104 6 0.25 52.46 1120 4 0.17 52.63 1152 19 0.81 53.44 1176 2 0.08 53.52 1188 2 0.08 53.6 1200 37 1.57 55.17 1232 2 0.08 55.26 1248 2 0.08 55.34 1260 2 0.08 55.43 1296 9 0.38 55.81 1320 3 0.13 55.94 1332 1 0.04 55.98 1344 14 0.59 56.57 1392 5 0.21 56.79 1400 2 0.08 56.87 1440 50 2.12 58.99 1488 1 0.04 59.03 1536 11 0.47 59.5 1540 2 0.08 59.58 1584 6 0.25 59.84 1600 3 0.13 59.97 1620 1 0.04 60.01 1628 1 0.04 60.05 1680 40 1.7 61.75 1716 1 0.04 61.79 1728 9 0.38 62.17 1760 5 0.21 62.38 1776 6 0.25 62.64

Page 56: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

48

1800 2 0.08 62.72 1824 15 0.64 63.36 1872 4 0.17 63.53 1920 218 9.25 72.77 1968 9 0.38 73.16 1980 2 0.08 73.24 2000 1 0.04 73.28 2016 36 1.53 74.81 2064 13 0.55 75.36 2100 1 0.04 75.4 2112 12 0.51 75.91 2160 92 3.9 79.81 2200 3 0.13 79.94 2208 7 0.3 80.24 2256 4 0.17 80.41 2280 1 0.04 80.45 2304 68 2.88 83.33 2352 5 0.21 83.55 2400 126 5.34 88.89 2420 1 0.04 88.93 2448 2 0.08 89.02 2496 1 0.04 89.06 2544 2 0.08 89.14 2552 1 0.04 89.19 2592 19 0.81 89.99 2640 25 1.06 91.05 2688 15 0.64 91.69 2736 2 0.08 91.77 2784 4 0.17 91.94 2832 2 0.08 92.03 2880 83 3.52 95.55 3024 3 0.13 95.67 3072 2 0.08 95.76 3120 12 0.51 96.27 3168 6 0.25 96.52 3216 2 0.08 96.61 3240 1 0.04 96.65 3360 26 1.1 97.75 3408 1 0.04 97.79 3456 16 0.68 98.47 3600 1 0.04 98.52 3696 5 0.21 98.73 3740 1 0.04 98.77 3744 4 0.17 98.94 3840 3 0.13 99.07 4032 3 0.13 99.19 4080 1 0.04 99.24 4312 1 0.04 99.28 4320 1 0.04 99.32 4368 2 0.08 99.41 4512 1 0.04 99.45

Page 57: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

49

4560 1 0.04 99.49 4608 3 0.13 99.62 4704 1 0.04 99.66 4800 4 0.17 99.83 5184 1 0.04 99.87 5760 1 0.04 99.92 6720 2 0.08 100

Total 2,358 100

Tabulation for the Spouses

E11101_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,184 40.98 40.98 0 10 0.35 41.33 8 1 0.03 41.36 16 1 0.03 41.4 24 2 0.07 41.47 28 1 0.03 41.5 36 1 0.03 41.54 48 1 0.03 41.57 52 1 0.03 41.61 64 1 0.03 41.64 72 1 0.03 41.68 80 2 0.07 41.74 96 7 0.24 41.99 100 2 0.07 42.06 128 2 0.07 42.13 132 1 0.03 42.16 140 2 0.07 42.23 144 12 0.42 42.64 160 2 0.07 42.71 180 3 0.1 42.82 192 8 0.28 43.09 200 2 0.07 43.16 216 1 0.03 43.2 220 1 0.03 43.23 224 1 0.03 43.27 240 26 0.9 44.17 264 1 0.03 44.2 272 1 0.03 44.24 288 11 0.38 44.62 300 1 0.03 44.65 320 2 0.07 44.72 336 13 0.45 45.17 360 2 0.07 45.24 384 32 1.11 46.35 400 1 0.03 46.38 420 1 0.03 46.42 432 14 0.48 46.9

Page 58: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

50

448 1 0.03 46.94 480 40 1.38 48.32 500 1 0.03 48.36 504 1 0.03 48.39 528 6 0.21 48.6 540 1 0.03 48.63 560 3 0.1 48.74 576 26 0.9 49.64 600 1 0.03 49.67 608 1 0.03 49.71 616 1 0.03 49.74 624 4 0.14 49.88 648 1 0.03 49.91 672 3 0.1 50.02 720 25 0.87 50.88 768 7 0.24 51.12 792 2 0.07 51.19 800 4 0.14 51.33 816 2 0.07 51.4 832 1 0.03 51.44 864 13 0.45 51.89 896 1 0.03 51.92 900 1 0.03 51.96 912 1 0.03 51.99 920 1 0.03 52.02 960 54 1.87 53.89 1000 2 0.07 53.96 1008 8 0.28 54.24 1056 3 0.1 54.34 1104 5 0.17 54.52 1120 2 0.07 54.59 1152 27 0.93 55.52 1200 38 1.32 56.84 1216 1 0.03 56.87 1232 1 0.03 56.91 1248 3 0.1 57.01 1260 4 0.14 57.15 1296 6 0.21 57.36 1344 16 0.55 57.91 1392 1 0.03 57.94 1400 2 0.07 58.01 1408 1 0.03 58.05 1440 63 2.18 60.23 1488 1 0.03 60.26 1520 1 0.03 60.3 1536 13 0.45 60.75 1584 1 0.03 60.78 1600 2 0.07 60.85 1620 1 0.03 60.89 1632 2 0.07 60.96 1680 38 1.32 62.27

Page 59: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

51

1728 13 0.45 62.72 1776 8 0.28 63 1824 10 0.35 63.34 1872 5 0.17 63.52 1920 266 9.21 72.72 1968 6 0.21 72.93 2016 40 1.38 74.32 2064 13 0.45 74.77 2112 16 0.55 75.32 2160 77 2.67 77.99 2200 2 0.07 78.05 2208 7 0.24 78.3 2256 8 0.28 78.57 2304 96 3.32 81.9 2352 5 0.17 82.07 2400 177 6.13 88.2 2448 3 0.1 88.3 2496 6 0.21 88.51 2544 2 0.07 88.58 2592 30 1.04 89.62 2640 42 1.45 91.07 2688 10 0.35 91.42 2736 5 0.17 91.59 2784 2 0.07 91.66 2880 102 3.53 95.19 2976 2 0.07 95.26 3024 1 0.03 95.29 3072 3 0.1 95.4 3120 15 0.52 95.92 3168 11 0.38 96.3 3216 1 0.03 96.33 3264 2 0.07 96.4 3360 37 1.28 97.68 3408 1 0.03 97.72 3456 18 0.62 98.34 3600 6 0.21 98.55 3648 1 0.03 98.58 3744 4 0.14 98.72 3840 7 0.24 98.96 4032 6 0.21 99.17 4320 9 0.31 99.48 4368 2 0.07 99.55 4560 2 0.07 99.62 4608 2 0.07 99.69 4704 1 0.03 99.72 4800 2 0.07 99.79 4896 1 0.03 99.83 4944 1 0.03 99.86 5040 1 0.03 99.9 5280 1 0.03 99.93 6336 1 0.03 99.97

Page 60: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

52

6720 1 0.03 100

Total 2,889 100

E11101_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,035 40.75 40.75 0 8 0.31 41.06 16 1 0.04 41.1 28 1 0.04 41.14 32 1 0.04 41.18 36 1 0.04 41.22 48 4 0.16 41.38 64 2 0.08 41.46 72 1 0.04 41.5 80 1 0.04 41.54 84 1 0.04 41.57 96 4 0.16 41.73 112 1 0.04 41.77 120 1 0.04 41.81 144 8 0.31 42.13 160 1 0.04 42.17 168 1 0.04 42.2 180 1 0.04 42.24 192 11 0.43 42.68 224 1 0.04 42.72 232 1 0.04 42.76 240 17 0.67 43.43 288 10 0.39 43.82 320 2 0.08 43.9 336 7 0.28 44.17 360 3 0.12 44.29 384 41 1.61 45.91 400 1 0.04 45.94 416 1 0.04 45.98 432 15 0.59 46.57 448 1 0.04 46.61 480 45 1.77 48.39 504 1 0.04 48.43 528 5 0.2 48.62 540 1 0.04 48.66 560 3 0.12 48.78 576 22 0.87 49.65 600 2 0.08 49.72 624 2 0.08 49.8 640 1 0.04 49.84 648 1 0.04 49.88 672 7 0.28 50.16 700 1 0.04 50.2 720 23 0.91 51.1 768 8 0.31 51.42 792 1 0.04 51.46

Page 61: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

53

800 1 0.04 51.5 816 3 0.12 51.61 832 1 0.04 51.65 840 3 0.12 51.77 864 19 0.75 52.52 960 47 1.85 54.37 1000 1 0.04 54.41 1008 5 0.2 54.61 1056 8 0.31 54.92 1080 1 0.04 54.96 1104 2 0.08 55.04 1152 19 0.75 55.79 1200 34 1.34 57.13 1248 3 0.12 57.24 1280 4 0.16 57.4 1296 2 0.08 57.48 1320 1 0.04 57.52 1344 15 0.59 58.11 1400 3 0.12 58.23 1440 67 2.64 60.87 1512 1 0.04 60.91 1536 14 0.55 61.46 1584 1 0.04 61.5 1600 2 0.08 61.57 1620 2 0.08 61.65 1632 1 0.04 61.69 1672 1 0.04 61.73 1680 49 1.93 63.66 1728 15 0.59 64.25 1776 5 0.2 64.45 1800 2 0.08 64.53 1824 12 0.47 65 1848 1 0.04 65.04 1872 1 0.04 65.08 1920 214 8.43 73.5 1968 4 0.16 73.66 2000 2 0.08 73.74 2016 29 1.14 74.88 2064 9 0.35 75.24 2112 13 0.51 75.75 2160 90 3.54 79.29 2208 3 0.12 79.41 2240 1 0.04 79.45 2256 2 0.08 79.53 2304 90 3.54 83.07 2352 2 0.08 83.15 2400 116 4.57 87.72 2420 1 0.04 87.76 2448 1 0.04 87.8 2464 1 0.04 87.83 2496 4 0.16 87.99

Page 62: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

54

2544 3 0.12 88.11 2592 26 1.02 89.13 2640 38 1.5 90.63 2688 23 0.91 91.54 2736 3 0.12 91.65 2784 4 0.16 91.81 2880 83 3.27 95.08 3024 7 0.28 95.35 3072 1 0.04 95.39 3120 13 0.51 95.91 3168 12 0.47 96.38 3264 2 0.08 96.46 3360 34 1.34 97.8 3456 15 0.59 98.39 3504 1 0.04 98.43 3552 1 0.04 98.46 3600 1 0.04 98.5 3696 2 0.08 98.58 3744 3 0.12 98.7 3840 9 0.35 99.06 3936 1 0.04 99.09 4032 5 0.2 99.29 4224 2 0.08 99.37 4320 6 0.24 99.61 4368 1 0.04 99.65 4416 1 0.04 99.69 4608 1 0.04 99.72 4800 3 0.12 99.84 5040 1 0.04 99.88 5760 1 0.04 99.92 6000 1 0.04 99.96 6240 1 0.04 100

Total 2,540 100

E11101_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 948 40.56 40.56 0 7 0.3 40.86 24 1 0.04 40.91 28 1 0.04 40.95 48 2 0.09 41.04 64 1 0.04 41.08 96 7 0.3 41.38 108 1 0.04 41.42 132 1 0.04 41.46 144 5 0.21 41.68 160 3 0.13 41.81 168 1 0.04 41.85 180 1 0.04 41.89 192 13 0.56 42.45 216 3 0.13 42.58

Page 63: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

55

240 6 0.26 42.83 256 1 0.04 42.88 280 2 0.09 42.96 288 14 0.6 43.56 300 1 0.04 43.6 304 1 0.04 43.65 320 3 0.13 43.77 336 4 0.17 43.95 384 32 1.37 45.31 420 1 0.04 45.36 432 11 0.47 45.83 448 2 0.09 45.91 480 42 1.8 47.71 528 7 0.3 48.01 540 2 0.09 48.1 560 2 0.09 48.18 576 19 0.81 48.99 600 3 0.13 49.12 624 2 0.09 49.21 640 1 0.04 49.25 672 7 0.3 49.55 720 22 0.94 50.49 768 14 0.6 51.09 792 1 0.04 51.13 800 2 0.09 51.22 816 2 0.09 51.31 840 1 0.04 51.35 864 16 0.68 52.03 900 4 0.17 52.2 912 1 0.04 52.25 960 51 2.18 54.43 1000 1 0.04 54.47 1008 8 0.34 54.81 1056 10 0.43 55.24 1104 4 0.17 55.41 1152 20 0.86 56.27 1200 27 1.16 57.42 1232 1 0.04 57.47 1248 5 0.21 57.68 1260 1 0.04 57.72 1280 1 0.04 57.77 1296 1 0.04 57.81 1320 1 0.04 57.85 1344 7 0.3 58.15 1440 73 3.12 61.28 1536 14 0.6 61.87 1600 2 0.09 61.96 1620 1 0.04 62 1680 36 1.54 63.54 1716 1 0.04 63.59 1728 8 0.34 63.93

Page 64: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

56

1760 1 0.04 63.97 1776 6 0.26 64.23 1824 15 0.64 64.87 1872 1 0.04 64.91 1920 213 9.11 74.03 1968 3 0.13 74.15 2016 30 1.28 75.44 2064 13 0.56 75.99 2112 11 0.47 76.47 2160 69 2.95 79.42 2200 1 0.04 79.46 2208 9 0.39 79.85 2256 4 0.17 80.02 2304 59 2.52 82.54 2352 3 0.13 82.67 2400 142 6.08 88.75 2448 2 0.09 88.83 2464 1 0.04 88.87 2496 5 0.21 89.09 2544 3 0.13 89.22 2592 19 0.81 90.03 2640 39 1.67 91.7 2688 15 0.64 92.34 2736 1 0.04 92.38 2752 1 0.04 92.43 2784 5 0.21 92.64 2880 79 3.38 96.02 2928 1 0.04 96.06 2976 1 0.04 96.11 3024 3 0.13 96.23 3120 10 0.43 96.66 3168 4 0.17 96.83 3264 1 0.04 96.88 3312 1 0.04 96.92 3360 18 0.77 97.69 3456 16 0.68 98.37 3600 3 0.13 98.5 3696 2 0.09 98.59 3744 3 0.13 98.72 3840 8 0.34 99.06 3888 1 0.04 99.1 3936 1 0.04 99.14 4032 3 0.13 99.27 4080 1 0.04 99.32 4320 4 0.17 99.49 4704 1 0.04 99.53 4800 6 0.26 99.79 5280 1 0.04 99.83 6000 1 0.04 99.87 6720 3 0.13 100

Total 2,337 100

Page 65: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

57

E11101_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 817 39.24 39.24 0 9 0.43 39.67 16 1 0.05 39.72 24 4 0.19 39.91 32 1 0.05 39.96 44 1 0.05 40.01 48 1 0.05 40.06 72 1 0.05 40.11 80 1 0.05 40.15 96 4 0.19 40.35 100 2 0.1 40.44 108 1 0.05 40.49 128 2 0.1 40.59 132 1 0.05 40.63 144 6 0.29 40.92 160 1 0.05 40.97 168 1 0.05 41.02 180 1 0.05 41.07 184 1 0.05 41.11 192 6 0.29 41.4 200 1 0.05 41.45 220 1 0.05 41.5 240 10 0.48 41.98 280 1 0.05 42.03 288 18 0.86 42.89 300 1 0.05 42.94 324 1 0.05 42.99 336 13 0.62 43.61 352 2 0.1 43.71 384 34 1.63 45.34 392 1 0.05 45.39 400 2 0.1 45.49 420 1 0.05 45.53 432 13 0.62 46.16 480 36 1.73 47.89 512 1 0.05 47.93 528 4 0.19 48.13 576 17 0.82 48.94 600 1 0.05 48.99 624 6 0.29 49.28 640 3 0.14 49.42 648 1 0.05 49.47 672 5 0.24 49.71 720 10 0.48 50.19 768 9 0.43 50.62 800 1 0.05 50.67 816 4 0.19 50.86 864 15 0.72 51.59

Page 66: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

58

900 1 0.05 51.63 912 3 0.14 51.78 960 50 2.4 54.18 980 1 0.05 54.23 1000 1 0.05 54.27 1008 5 0.24 54.51 1056 7 0.34 54.85 1104 3 0.14 55 1120 2 0.1 55.09 1152 27 1.3 56.39 1200 18 0.86 57.25 1248 6 0.29 57.54 1280 1 0.05 57.59 1296 5 0.24 57.83 1320 1 0.05 57.88 1344 12 0.58 58.45 1392 1 0.05 58.5 1440 43 2.07 60.57 1488 2 0.1 60.66 1536 11 0.53 61.19 1584 4 0.19 61.38 1600 1 0.05 61.43 1632 2 0.1 61.53 1680 40 1.92 63.45 1728 8 0.38 63.83 1760 1 0.05 63.88 1776 6 0.29 64.17 1792 1 0.05 64.22 1824 10 0.48 64.7 1872 3 0.14 64.84 1920 217 10.42 75.26 1968 4 0.19 75.46 1980 1 0.05 75.5 2016 14 0.67 76.18 2064 9 0.43 76.61 2112 11 0.53 77.14 2160 74 3.55 80.69 2208 7 0.34 81.03 2256 4 0.19 81.22 2304 54 2.59 83.81 2352 2 0.1 83.91 2400 108 5.19 89.1 2448 2 0.1 89.19 2496 3 0.14 89.34 2544 1 0.05 89.39 2592 14 0.67 90.06 2640 26 1.25 91.31 2688 12 0.58 91.88 2736 1 0.05 91.93 2784 3 0.14 92.07 2880 77 3.7 95.77

Page 67: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

59

2928 1 0.05 95.82 3024 4 0.19 96.01 3120 7 0.34 96.35 3168 12 0.58 96.93 3216 1 0.05 96.97 3264 1 0.05 97.02 3312 1 0.05 97.07 3360 16 0.77 97.84 3456 7 0.34 98.17 3504 1 0.05 98.22 3600 8 0.38 98.61 3744 4 0.19 98.8 3840 9 0.43 99.23 4032 2 0.1 99.33 4128 1 0.05 99.38 4320 5 0.24 99.62 4368 1 0.05 99.66 4704 1 0.05 99.71 4800 3 0.14 99.86 4944 1 0.05 99.9 5040 1 0.05 99.95 5664 1 0.05 100

Total 2,082 100

E11101_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 750 39.1 39.1 0 8 0.42 39.52 12 1 0.05 39.57 32 1 0.05 39.62 36 1 0.05 39.68 40 2 0.1 39.78 48 1 0.05 39.83 64 1 0.05 39.89 72 1 0.05 39.94 96 5 0.26 40.2 100 1 0.05 40.25 112 1 0.05 40.3 120 3 0.16 40.46 144 6 0.31 40.77 160 2 0.1 40.88 176 1 0.05 40.93 192 7 0.36 41.29 196 1 0.05 41.35 200 1 0.05 41.4 240 13 0.68 42.08 252 1 0.05 42.13 288 16 0.83 42.96 300 1 0.05 43.01 308 1 0.05 43.07 320 2 0.1 43.17

Page 68: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

60

336 11 0.57 43.74 352 2 0.1 43.85 360 3 0.16 44 384 31 1.62 45.62 400 3 0.16 45.78 420 1 0.05 45.83 432 16 0.83 46.66 480 35 1.82 48.49 528 6 0.31 48.8 576 15 0.78 49.58 592 1 0.05 49.64 612 1 0.05 49.69 624 7 0.36 50.05 640 1 0.05 50.1 660 1 0.05 50.16 672 4 0.21 50.36 720 13 0.68 51.04 756 2 0.1 51.15 768 12 0.63 51.77 792 1 0.05 51.82 800 1 0.05 51.88 816 1 0.05 51.93 828 1 0.05 51.98 864 17 0.89 52.87 912 1 0.05 52.92 960 41 2.14 55.06 980 1 0.05 55.11 1008 7 0.36 55.47 1056 4 0.21 55.68 1080 2 0.1 55.79 1100 1 0.05 55.84 1104 3 0.16 56 1120 1 0.05 56.05 1152 15 0.78 56.83 1184 1 0.05 56.88 1200 21 1.09 57.98 1248 4 0.21 58.19 1260 2 0.1 58.29 1280 2 0.1 58.39 1296 5 0.26 58.65 1344 9 0.47 59.12 1392 1 0.05 59.18 1404 1 0.05 59.23 1440 44 2.29 61.52 1488 1 0.05 61.57 1536 14 0.73 62.3 1584 4 0.21 62.51 1632 1 0.05 62.57 1680 32 1.67 64.23 1728 10 0.52 64.75 1760 3 0.16 64.91

Page 69: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

61

1824 11 0.57 65.48 1872 1 0.05 65.54 1920 183 9.54 75.08 1968 1 0.05 75.13 2016 18 0.94 76.07 2064 8 0.42 76.49 2112 12 0.63 77.11 2160 75 3.91 81.02 2200 1 0.05 81.07 2208 5 0.26 81.33 2240 1 0.05 81.39 2256 3 0.16 81.54 2304 54 2.82 84.36 2352 1 0.05 84.41 2400 91 4.74 89.16 2448 2 0.1 89.26 2496 3 0.16 89.42 2592 12 0.63 90.04 2640 28 1.46 91.5 2688 13 0.68 92.18 2736 2 0.1 92.28 2784 1 0.05 92.34 2800 1 0.05 92.39 2880 62 3.23 95.62 2976 1 0.05 95.67 3024 2 0.1 95.78 3072 1 0.05 95.83 3120 9 0.47 96.3 3168 5 0.26 96.56 3360 27 1.41 97.97 3456 10 0.52 98.49 3504 1 0.05 98.54 3600 3 0.16 98.7 3744 2 0.1 98.8 3840 7 0.36 99.17 3888 1 0.05 99.22 4032 4 0.21 99.43 4080 2 0.1 99.53 4128 1 0.05 99.58 4320 3 0.16 99.74 4368 1 0.05 99.79 4608 1 0.05 99.84 4800 1 0.05 99.9 5280 1 0.05 99.95 5760 1 0.05 100

Total 1,918 100

E11101_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 697 39.36 39.36 0 8 0.45 39.81

Page 70: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

62

24 1 0.06 39.86 40 2 0.11 39.98 48 3 0.17 40.15 80 5 0.28 40.43 88 1 0.06 40.49 96 2 0.11 40.6 112 1 0.06 40.65 144 6 0.34 40.99 160 2 0.11 41.11 180 1 0.06 41.16 192 3 0.17 41.33 200 1 0.06 41.39 240 16 0.9 42.29 264 1 0.06 42.35 280 1 0.06 42.41 288 19 1.07 43.48 308 2 0.11 43.59 320 1 0.06 43.65 336 11 0.62 44.27 360 1 0.06 44.33 384 40 2.26 46.58 396 1 0.06 46.64 420 2 0.11 46.75 432 19 1.07 47.83 440 2 0.11 47.94 456 1 0.06 48 480 38 2.15 50.14 528 3 0.17 50.31 560 2 0.11 50.42 576 21 1.19 51.61 588 1 0.06 51.67 600 2 0.11 51.78 624 3 0.17 51.95 640 1 0.06 52 648 1 0.06 52.06 672 3 0.17 52.23 704 2 0.11 52.34 720 14 0.79 53.13 768 12 0.68 53.81 800 1 0.06 53.87 816 4 0.23 54.09 840 1 0.06 54.15 864 8 0.45 54.6 880 2 0.11 54.71 900 2 0.11 54.83 912 4 0.23 55.05 960 44 2.48 57.54 1008 8 0.45 57.99 1056 5 0.28 58.27 1080 4 0.23 58.5 1088 1 0.06 58.55

Page 71: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

63

1100 3 0.17 58.72 1104 4 0.23 58.95 1120 1 0.06 59.01 1152 10 0.56 59.57 1200 19 1.07 60.64 1232 1 0.06 60.7 1248 3 0.17 60.87 1296 3 0.17 61.04 1320 2 0.11 61.15 1332 1 0.06 61.21 1344 6 0.34 61.55 1392 2 0.11 61.66 1408 1 0.06 61.72 1440 38 2.15 63.86 1536 10 0.56 64.43 1584 6 0.34 64.77 1600 2 0.11 64.88 1620 1 0.06 64.94 1632 1 0.06 64.99 1680 22 1.24 66.23 1728 4 0.23 66.46 1760 4 0.23 66.69 1776 5 0.28 66.97 1800 2 0.11 67.08 1824 9 0.51 67.59 1872 1 0.06 67.65 1892 1 0.06 67.7 1920 156 8.81 76.51 1968 4 0.23 76.74 1980 1 0.06 76.79 2016 17 0.96 77.75 2064 14 0.79 78.54 2112 12 0.68 79.22 2160 46 2.6 81.82 2200 1 0.06 81.87 2208 4 0.23 82.1 2256 3 0.17 82.27 2280 1 0.06 82.33 2304 57 3.22 85.54 2352 1 0.06 85.6 2400 80 4.52 90.12 2420 1 0.06 90.18 2448 2 0.11 90.29 2496 1 0.06 90.34 2544 4 0.23 90.57 2592 11 0.62 91.19 2600 1 0.06 91.25 2640 15 0.85 92.09 2688 6 0.34 92.43 2784 4 0.23 92.66 2880 60 3.39 96.05

Page 72: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

64

2904 1 0.06 96.1 2928 1 0.06 96.16 3072 1 0.06 96.22 3120 8 0.45 96.67 3168 6 0.34 97.01 3360 17 0.96 97.97 3456 12 0.68 98.64 3504 1 0.06 98.7 3600 3 0.17 98.87 3744 1 0.06 98.93 3840 5 0.28 99.21 4032 2 0.11 99.32 4320 6 0.34 99.66 4608 3 0.17 99.83 4800 1 0.06 99.89 6000 1 0.06 99.94 6144 1 0.06 100

Total 1,771 100

Page 73: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

65

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name E11201_2009-E11201_2014

Variable Label Impute Annual Work Hours of Individual

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation I

Description This variable indicates whether mean weekly hours of work was used to compute annual

work hours of individuals who were unemployed or not in the labor force at the time of the

survey but who worked over the past year.

Method

This variable is not created in the JHPS data.

Format: .M(-2) = Item non-response

.S(-3) = Survey non-response

0 = Not Imputed

1 = Imputed

This algorithm omits individuals with survey non-responses.

Unweighted Statistics

Tabulation for the Respondents

E11201_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

Imputed 1 4,022 100 100

Total 4,022 100

E11201_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

Imputed 1 3,470 100 100

Total 3,470 100

E11201_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

Imputed 1 3,160 100 100

Total 3,160 100

E11201_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

Imputed 1 2,821 100 100

Total 2,821 100

E11201_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

Imputed 1 2,581 100 100

Total 2,581 100

Page 74: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

66

E11201_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

Imputed 1 2,358 100 100

Total 2,358 100

Tabulation for the Spouses

E11201_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

Imputed 1 2,889 100 100

Total 2,889 100

E11201_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

Imputed 1 2,540 100 100

Total 2,540 100

E11201_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

Imputed 1 2,337 100 100

Total 2,337 100

E11201_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

Imputed 1 2,082 100 100

Total 2,082 100

E11201_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

Imputed 1 1,918 100 100

Total 1,918 100

E11201_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

Imputed 1 1,771 100 100

Total 1,771 100

Page 75: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

67

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name E11102_2009-E11102_2014

Variable Label Employment Status of Individual

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation I

Description This variable indicates employment status in the previous year for the respondent and

respondent's spouse.

Method

If individual had positive wages in the previous year and worked for at least 52 hours, the individual was employed.

Otherwise, the individual was not employed.

Format: .M(-2) = Item non-response

.S(-3) = Survey non-response

0 = Not Employed

1 = Employed

This algorithm omits individuals with survey non-responses.

Unweighted Statistics

Tabulation for the Respondents

E11102_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 448 11.14 11.14

Not Employed 0 1,221 30.36 41.5

Employed 1 2,353 58.5 100

Total 4,022 100

E11102_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 333 9.6 9.6

Not Employed 0 1,042 30.03 39.63

Employed 1 2,095 60.37 100

Total 3,470 100

E11102_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 280 8.86 8.86

Not Employed 0 943 29.84 38.7

Employed 1 1,937 61.3 100

Total 3,160 100

E11102_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 236 8.37 8.37

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Not Employed 0 853 30.24 38.6

Employed 1 1,732 61.4 100

Total 2,821 100

E11102_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 191 7.4 7.4

Not Employed 0 807 31.27 38.67

Employed 1 1,583 61.33 100

Total 2,581 100

E11102_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 214 9.08 9.08

Not Employed 0 706 29.94 39.02

Employed 1 1,438 60.98 100

Total 2,358 100

Tabulation for the Spouses

E11102_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 418 14.47 14.47

Not Employed 0 941 32.57 47.04

Employed 1 1,530 52.96 100

Total 2,889 100

E11102_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 278 10.94 10.94

Not Employed 0 851 33.5 44.45

Employed 1 1,411 55.55 100

Total 2,540 100

E11102_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 256 10.95 10.95

Not Employed 0 773 33.08 44.03

Employed 1 1,308 55.97 100

Total 2,337 100

E11102_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 218 10.47 10.47

Not Employed 0 682 32.76 43.23

Employed 1 1,182 56.77 100

Total 2,082 100

Page 77: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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E11102_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 185 9.65 9.65

Not Employed 0 630 32.85 42.49

Employed 1 1,103 57.51 100

Total 1,918 100

E11102_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 185 10.45 10.45

Not Employed 0 575 32.47 42.91

Employed 1 1,011 57.09 100

Total 1,771 100

Page 78: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

70

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name E11103_2009-E11103_2014

Variable Label Employment Level of Individual

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation I

Description This variable indicates whether the respondent and respondent's spouse worked full-time,

part-time, or not at all in the previous year.

Method

If the individual had positive wages and worked at least 1,820 hours last year (35 hours per week on average), then the

individual was employed full-time.

If the individual had positive wages and worked at least 52 hours but less than 1,820 hours last year, then the individual was

employed part-time.

Otherwise, the individual was not working.

Format: .M(-2) = Item non-response

.S(-3) = Survey non-response

1 = Full Time

2 = Part Time

3 = Not Working

This algorithm omits individuals with survey non-responses.

Unweighted Statistics

Tabulation for the Respondents

E11103_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 405 10.07 10.07

Full Time 1 1,462 36.35 46.42

Part Time 2 891 22.15 68.57

Not Working 3 1,264 31.43 100

Total 4,022 100

E11103_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 302 8.7 8.7

Full Time 1 1,272 36.66 45.36

Part Time 2 823 23.72 69.08

Not Working 3 1,073 30.92 100

Total 3,470 100

E11103_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 243 7.69 7.69

Full Time 1 1,211 38.32 46.01

Part Time 2 726 22.97 68.99

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Not Working 3 980 31.01 100

Total 3,160 100

E11103_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 206 7.3 7.3

Full Time 1 1,047 37.11 44.42

Part Time 2 685 24.28 68.7

Not Working 3 883 31.3 100

Total 2,821 100

E11103_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 173 6.7 6.7

Full Time 1 946 36.65 43.36

Part Time 2 637 24.68 68.04

Not Working 3 825 31.96 100

Total 2,581 100

E11103_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 176 7.46 7.46

Full Time 1 841 35.67 43.13

Part Time 2 597 25.32 68.45

Not Working 3 744 31.55 100

Total 2,358 100

Tabulation for the Spouses

E11103_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 384 13.29 13.29

Full Time 1 968 33.51 46.8

Part Time 2 562 19.45 66.25

Not Working 3 975 33.75 100

Total 2,889 100

E11103_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 245 9.65 9.65

Full Time 1 848 33.39 43.03

Part Time 2 563 22.17 65.2

Not Working 3 884 34.8 100

Total 2,540 100

E11103_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 228 9.76 9.76

Full Time 1 793 33.93 43.69

Page 80: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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Part Time 2 515 22.04 65.73

Not Working 3 801 34.27 100

Total 2,337 100

E11103_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 185 8.89 8.89

Full Time 1 707 33.96 42.84

Part Time 2 475 22.81 65.66

Not Working 3 715 34.34 100

Total 2,082 100

E11103_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 158 8.24 8.24

Full Time 1 645 33.63 41.87

Part Time 2 458 23.88 65.75

Not Working 3 657 34.25 100

Total 1,918 100

E11103_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 156 8.81 8.81

Full Time 1 554 31.28 40.09

Part Time 2 457 25.8 65.89

Not Working 3 604 34.11 100

Total 1,771 100

Page 81: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

73

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name E11104_2009-E11104_2014

Variable Label Primary Activity of Individual

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation I

Description This variable indicates primary activity at the time of the survey for the respondent and

respondent's spouse.

Method

This variable is based on the individual’s self-reported primary activity at the time of the interview.

If the individual reported that he or she is working then the individual is considered to be working now.

If the individual reported that he or she is temporarily laid off, looking for work, unemployed, retired, permanently disabled,

keeping house, or is a student then the individual is considered to be not working now.

Format: .M(-2) = Item non-response

.S(-3) = Survey non-response

1 = Working Now

2 = Not Working Now

This algorithm omits individuals with survey non-responses.

Unweighted Statistics

Tabulation for the Respondents

E11104_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 11 0.27 0.27

Working Now 1 2,727 67.8 68.08

Not Working Now 2 1,284 31.92 100

Total 4,022 100

E11104_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 32 0.92 0.92

Working Now 1 2,336 67.32 68.24

Not Working Now 2 1,102 31.76 100

Total 3,470 100

E11104_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 14 0.44 0.44

Working Now 1 2,142 67.78 68.23

Not Working Now 2 1,004 31.77 100

Total 3,160 100

Page 82: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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E11104_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 16 0.57 0.57

Working Now 1 1,891 67.03 67.6

Not Working Now 2 914 32.4 100

Total 2,821 100

E11104_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 14 0.54 0.54

Working Now 1 1,720 66.64 67.18

Not Working Now 2 847 32.82 100

Total 2,581 100

E11104_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 30 1.27 1.27

Working Now 1 1,577 66.88 68.15

Not Working Now 2 751 31.85 100

Total 2,358 100

Tabulation for the Spouses

E11104_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 19 0.66 0.66

Working Now 1 1,875 64.9 65.56

Not Working Now 2 995 34.44 100

Total 2,889 100

E11104_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 22 0.87 0.87

Working Now 1 1,610 63.39 64.25

Not Working Now 2 908 35.75 100

Total 2,540 100

E11104_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 62 2.65 2.65

Working Now 1 1,466 62.73 65.38

Not Working Now 2 809 34.62 100

Total 2,337 100

E11104_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 34 1.63 1.63

Working Now 1 1,328 63.78 65.42

Not Working Now 2 720 34.58 100

Total 2,082 100

Page 83: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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E11104_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 22 1.15 1.15

Working Now 1 1,224 63.82 64.96

Not Working Now 2 672 35.04 100

Total 1,918 100

E11104_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 26 1.47 1.47

Working Now 1 1,147 64.77 66.23

Not Working Now 2 598 33.77 100

Total 1,771 100

Page 84: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

76

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name E11105_2009-E11105_2014

Variable Label Occupation of Individual

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation I

Description This variable indicates occupation at the time of the survey for the respondent and

respondent's spouse.

Method

This variable is based on the individual’s self-reported occupation at the time of the interview.

Occupation is coded as not applicable for individuals who were not working at the time of the interview.

Format:

.C(-1) = N/A - Child

.M(-2) = Item non-response

.S(-3) = Survey non-response

0 = Not Applicable 34 = ComputerOperat 62 = Farm Hand 92 = Printer Etc.

1 = Chemist 35 = Transp. Attend 63 = Forestry Work 93 = Painter

2 = Architect/Engineer 36 = Conductor 64 = Fisher/Hunter 94 = Manufacturer

3 = Eng.Tech.Expert 37 = Mailman 70 = Inspector 95 = Bricklay/Carpt

4 = Aero/MarineEngr 38 = Tel. Operator 71 = Miner 96 = Stat.Mach.Oper

5 = Life/Phys. Sci. 39 = Ofc.Worker Etc 72 = Foundry Worker 97 = Convey. Oper.

6 = Dr./Dentist/Vet 40 = BusinessManagr 73 = Lumbrman/Axman 98 = Transport.Oper

7 = RelatMedicalJob 41 = Business Oper. 74 = ChemicalWorker 99 = Labor/Craftsmn

8 = Mathematician 42 = Buyer 75 = Spinner/Weaver 101 = Soldier

9 = Economist 43 = Tech.Salespers 76 = Tanner/Furrier

11 = Accountant 44 = Insurance Rep. 77 = Food Producer

12 = Lawyer 45 = Vendor 78 = TobaccoProducr

13 = Educator 49 = Salesperson 79 = Tailor

14 = Cleric 50 = Rest./StoreMgr 80 = Shoemaker

15 = Author 51 = Lodging Operat 81 = Cabinet Maker

16 = Sculptr/Paintr 52 = HH Supervisor 82 = Stone Cutter

17 = Music/Perform 53 = Cook/Waiter 83 = Tool/Die Maker

18 = Prof. Athlete 54 = Domestic Help 84 = Machine Fitter

19 = Scientist 55 = Janitor 85 = Electr. Enginr

20 = Legislator 56 = Dry-Cleaner 86 = Broadcaster

21 = Priv.Bus.Leadr 57 = Hair Stylist 87 = Pipe Fitter

30 = Office Manager 58 = SecurityServic 88 = Jewelry Maker

31 = Administrator 59 = Service Worker 89 = Glazier

32 = Stenographer 60 = Agriculturladm 90 = RubberProducer

33 = Bookkeepr/Cash 61 = Farm Manager 91 = Paper Producer

This algorithm omits individuals with survey non-responses.

Unweighted Statistics

Page 85: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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Tabulation for the Respondents

E11105_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 2,738 68.08 68.08

Not Applicable 0 1,284 31.92 100

Total 4,022 100

E11105_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 2,368 68.24 68.24

Not Applicable 0 1,102 31.76 100

Total 3,470 100

E11105_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 2,156 68.23 68.23

Not Applicable 0 1,004 31.77 100

Total 3,160 100

E11105_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,907 67.6 67.6

Not Applicable 0 914 32.4 100

Total 2,821 100

E11105_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,734 67.18 67.18

Not Applicable 0 847 32.82 100

Total 2,581 100

E11105_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,607 68.15 68.15

Not Applicable 0 751 31.85 100

Total 2,358 100

Tabulation for the Spouses

E11105_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,898 65.7 65.7

Not Applicable 0 991 34.3 100

Total 2,889 100

E11105_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,633 64.29 64.29

Not Applicable 0 907 35.71 100

Total 2,540 100

Page 86: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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E11105_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,529 65.43 65.43

Not Applicable 0 808 34.57 100

Total 2,337 100

E11105_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,362 65.42 65.42

Not Applicable 0 720 34.58 100

Total 2,082 100

E11105_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,247 65.02 65.02

Not Applicable 0 671 34.98 100

Total 1,918 100

E11105_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,173 66.23 66.23

Not Applicable 0 598 33.77 100

Total 1,771 100

Page 87: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

79

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name E11106_2009-E11106_2014

Variable Label One-Digit Industry Code of Individual

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation I

Description This variable indicates industry at the time of the survey for the respondent and respondent's

spouse.

Method

This variable is based on the individual’s self-reported industry at the time of the interview.

This variable is created by collapsing the JHPS industry variable into 10 broad categories.

Industry is coded as not applicable for individuals who were not working at the time of the interview.

Format: .C(-1) = N/A - Child

.M(-2) = Item non-response

.S(-3) = Survey non-response

0 = Not Applicable

1 = Agriculture

2 = Energy

3 = Mining

4 = Manufacturing

5 = Construction

6 = Trade

7 = Transport

8 = Bank/Insurance

9 = Services (incl. real estate)

This algorithm omits individuals with survey non-responses.

Unweighted Statistics

Tabulation for the Respondents

E11106_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,300 32.32 32.32

Not Applicable 0 45 1.12 33.44

Agriculture 1 84 2.09 35.53

Energy 2 39 0.97 36.5

Mining 3 4 0.1 36.6

Manufacturing 4 462 11.49 48.09

Construction 5 217 5.4 53.48

Trade 6 421 10.47 63.95

Transport 7 129 3.21 67.16

Bank/Insurance 8 103 2.56 69.72

Services (incl. real estate) 9 1,218 30.28 100

Total 4,022 100

Page 88: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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E11106_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,123 32.36 32.36

Not Applicable 0 16 0.46 32.82

Agriculture 1 70 2.02 34.84

Energy 2 30 0.86 35.71

Mining 3 4 0.12 35.82

Manufacturing 4 370 10.66 46.48

Construction 5 177 5.1 51.59

Trade 6 363 10.46 62.05

Transport 7 128 3.69 65.73

Bank/Insurance 8 88 2.54 68.27

Services (incl. real estate) 9 1,101 31.73 100

Total 3,470 100

E11106_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,000 31.65 31.65

Not Applicable 0 16 0.51 32.15

Agriculture 1 65 2.06 34.21

Energy 2 21 0.66 34.87

Mining 3 3 0.09 34.97

Manufacturing 4 337 10.66 45.63

Construction 5 160 5.06 50.7

Trade 6 333 10.54 61.23

Transport 7 113 3.58 64.81

Bank/Insurance 8 87 2.75 67.56

Services (incl. real estate) 9 1,025 32.44 100

Total 3,160 100

E11106_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 907 32.15 32.15

Not Applicable 0 6 0.21 32.36

Agriculture 1 58 2.06 34.42

Energy 2 17 0.6 35.02

Mining 3 1 0.04 35.06

Manufacturing 4 300 10.63 45.69

Construction 5 131 4.64 50.34

Trade 6 297 10.53 60.86

Transport 7 107 3.79 64.66

Bank/Insurance 8 87 3.08 67.74

Services (incl. real estate) 9 910 32.26 100

Total 2,821 100

E11106_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 838 32.47 32.47

Not Applicable 0 1 0.04 32.51

Agriculture 1 46 1.78 34.29

Energy 2 14 0.54 34.83

Page 89: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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Mining 3 1 0.04 34.87

Manufacturing 4 258 10 44.87

Construction 5 134 5.19 50.06

Trade 6 290 11.24 61.29

Transport 7 95 3.68 64.97

Bank/Insurance 8 78 3.02 68

Services (incl. real estate) 9 826 32 100

Total 2,581 100

E11106_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 745 31.59 31.59

Not Applicable 0 1 0.04 31.64

Agriculture 1 45 1.91 33.55

Energy 2 15 0.64 34.18

Manufacturing 4 241 10.22 44.4

Construction 5 117 4.96 49.36

Trade 6 257 10.9 60.26

Transport 7 93 3.94 64.21

Bank/Insurance 8 68 2.88 67.09

Services (incl. real estate) 9 776 32.91 100

Total 2,358 100

Tabulation for the Spouses

E11106_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 983 34.03 34.03

Not Applicable 0 40 1.38 35.41

Agriculture 1 71 2.46 37.87

Energy 2 29 1 38.87

Mining 3 10 0.35 39.22

Manufacturing 4 314 10.87 50.09

Construction 5 187 6.47 56.56

Trade 6 270 9.35 65.91

Transport 7 101 3.5 69.4

Bank/Insurance 8 59 2.04 71.44

Services (incl. real estate) 9 825 28.56 100

Total 2,889 100

E11106_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 895 35.24 35.24

Not Applicable 0 17 0.67 35.91

Agriculture 1 59 2.32 38.23

Energy 2 22 0.87 39.09

Mining 3 3 0.12 39.21

Manufacturing 4 276 10.87 50.08

Construction 5 159 6.26 56.34

Page 90: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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Trade 6 247 9.72 66.06

Transport 7 91 3.58 69.65

Bank/Insurance 8 51 2.01 71.65

Services (incl. real estate) 9 720 28.35 100

Total 2,540 100

E11106_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 849 36.33 36.33

Not Applicable 0 19 0.81 37.14

Agriculture 1 56 2.4 39.54

Energy 2 18 0.77 40.31

Manufacturing 4 260 11.13 51.43

Construction 5 135 5.78 57.21

Trade 6 231 9.88 67.09

Transport 7 81 3.47 70.56

Bank/Insurance 8 45 1.93 72.49

Services (incl. real estate) 9 643 27.51 100

Total 2,337 100

E11106_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 724 34.77 34.77

Not Applicable 0 10 0.48 35.25

Agriculture 1 42 2.02 37.27

Energy 2 12 0.58 37.85

Mining 3 1 0.05 37.9

Manufacturing 4 212 10.18 48.08

Construction 5 129 6.2 54.27

Trade 6 229 11 65.27

Transport 7 72 3.46 68.73

Bank/Insurance 8 43 2.07 70.8

Services (incl. real estate) 9 608 29.2 100

Total 2,082 100

E11106_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 654 34.1 34.1

Not Applicable 0 12 0.63 34.72

Agriculture 1 37 1.93 36.65

Energy 2 10 0.52 37.17

Manufacturing 4 192 10.01 47.18

Construction 5 124 6.47 53.65

Trade 6 201 10.48 64.13

Transport 7 69 3.6 67.73

Bank/Insurance 8 40 2.09 69.81

Services (incl. real estate) 9 579 30.19 100

Total 1,918 100

E11106_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

Page 91: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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M -2 610 34.44 34.44

Not Applicable 0 6 0.34 34.78

Agriculture 1 32 1.81 36.59

Energy 2 10 0.56 37.15

Mining 3 1 0.06 37.21

Manufacturing 4 169 9.54 46.75

Construction 5 108 6.1 52.85

Trade 6 185 10.45 63.3

Transport 7 67 3.78 67.08

Bank/Insurance 8 40 2.26 69.34

Services (incl. real estate) 9 543 30.66 100

Total 1,771 100

Page 92: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

84

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name E11107_2009-E11107_2014

Variable Label Two-Digit Industry Code of Individual

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation I

Description This variable indicates industry at the time of the survey for the respondent and respondent's

spouse.

Method

This variable is based on the individual’s self-reported industry at the time of the interview.

Industry is coded as not applicable for individuals who were not working at the time of the interview.

Format: .C(-1) = N/A - Child

.M(-2) = Item non-response

.S(-3) = Survey non-response

0 = Not Applicable 25 = Service Indust

1= Agric.,Forestry 26 = Trash Removal

2= Fisheries 27 = Educ./Sport

3 = Energy/Water 28 = Health Service

4 = Mining 29 = Legal Services

5 = Chemicals 30 = Other Services

6= Synthetics 31 = Volunt./Church

7= Earth/Clay/Stone 32 = Priv. Househld

8 = Iron/Steel 33 = Public Administration

9= Mechanical Eng 34 = Social Security

10= Electrical Eng

11= Wood/Paper/Print

12= Clothing/Text

13= Food Industry

14= Construction

15= Constr. Relate

16= Wholesale

17= Trading Agents

18= Retail

19= Train System

20= Postal System

21= Other Trans.

22= Financial Inst

23= Insurance

24= Restaurants

This algorithm omits individuals with survey non-responses.

Unweighted Statistics

Page 93: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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Tabulation for the Respondents

E11107_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 2,738 68.08 68.08

Not Applicable 0 1,284 31.92 100

Total 4,022 100

E11107_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 2,368 68.24 68.24

Not Applicable 0 1,102 31.76 100

Total 3,470 100

E11107_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 2,156 68.23 68.23

Not Applicable 0 1,004 31.77 100

Total 3,160 100

E11107_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,907 67.6 67.6

Not Applicable 0 914 32.4 100

Total 2,821 100

E11107_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,734 67.18 67.18

Not Applicable 0 847 32.82 100

Total 2,581 100

E11107_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,607 68.15 68.15

Not Applicable 0 751 31.85 100

Total 2,358 100

Tabulation for the Spouses

E11107_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,898 65.7 65.7

Not Applicable 0 991 34.3 100

Total 2,889 100

E11107_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,633 64.29 64.29

Not Applicable 0 907 35.71 100

Total 2,540 100

Page 94: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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E11107_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,529 65.43 65.43

Not Applicable 0 808 34.57 100

Total 2,337 100

E11107_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,362 65.42 65.42

Not Applicable 0 720 34.58 100

Total 2,082 100

E11107_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,247 65.02 65.02

Not Applicable 0 671 34.98 100

Total 1,918 100

E11107_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,173 66.23 66.23

Not Applicable 0 598 33.77 100

Total 1,771 100

Page 95: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name Variable Label

H11101_2009 - H11101_2014 Number of Household members age 0-14

H11102_2009 - H11102_2014 Number of Household members age 15-18

H11103_2009 - H11103_2014 Number of Household members age 0-1

H11104_2009 - H11104_2014 Number of Household members age 2-4

H11105_2009 - H11105_2014 Number of Household members age 5-7

H11106_2009 - H11106_2014 Number of Household members age 8-10

H11107_2009 - H11107_2014 Number of Household members age 11-12

H11108_2009 - H11108_2014 Number of Household members age 13-15

H11109_2009 - H11109_2014 Number of Household members age 16-18

H11110_2009 - H11110_2014 Number of Household members age 19+ or 16-18 & indep.

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation H

Description These variables indicate the number of household members in the given age category living

in the household at the time of the interview.

H11109_XXXX (XXXX=2009-2014) includes 16-18 year old youth whose education is

less than 13 years.

H11110_XXXX (XXXX=2009-2014) includes 16-18 year old youth whose education is 13

years or more.

Method

These variables are the simple count of all individuals in the household whose ages are in the listed category.

The individuals who meet at least one of the following requirements were regarded as being in the same household.

a. living together, no matter what kinds of relationship they have

b. family members are enrolled in school, regardless of living together or not, but they must share the same household

income

c. respondent's spouse who is living away from the family for work was considered as living in the same household

H11110_XXXX (XXXX=2009-2014) indicates 19+ year old and 18 years old who is born on February or March.

Format: .M(-2) = Item non-response

.S(-3) = Survey non-response

This algorithm omits individuals with survey non-responses.

Unweighted Statistics

Tabulation for the Respondents

H11101_2009 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,848 70.81 70.81

1 534 13.28 84.09 2 503 12.51 96.59 3 116 2.88 99.48 4 18 0.45 99.93 5 2 0.05 99.98 6 1 0.02 100

Total 4,022 100

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H11101_2010 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,476 71.35 71.35

1 447 12.88 84.24 2 425 12.25 96.48 3 106 3.05 99.54 4 14 0.4 99.94 5 1 0.03 99.97 7 1 0.03 100

Total 3,470 100

H11101_2011 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,277 72.06 72.06

1 370 11.71 83.77 2 390 12.34 96.11 3 111 3.51 99.62 4 10 0.32 99.94 5 1 0.03 99.97 6 1 0.03 100

Total 3,160 100

H11101_2012 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,036 72.17 72.17

1 334 11.84 84.01 2 343 12.16 96.17 3 97 3.44 99.61 4 9 0.32 99.93 5 1 0.04 99.96 6 1 0.04 100

Total 2,821 100

H11101_2013 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,863 72.18 72.18

1 314 12.17 84.35 2 307 11.89 96.24 3 87 3.37 99.61 4 9 0.35 99.96 5 1 0.04 100

Total 2,581 100

H11101_2014 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,721 72.99 72.99

1 287 12.17 85.16 2 266 11.28 96.44 3 77 3.27 99.7 4 5 0.21 99.92 5 2 0.08 100

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Total 2,358 100

H11102_2009 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 3,550 88.26 88.26

1 407 10.12 98.38 2 62 1.54 99.93 3 3 0.07 100

Total 4,022 100

H11102_2010 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 3,036 87.49 87.49

1 365 10.52 98.01 2 68 1.96 99.97 3 1 0.03 100

Total 3,470 100

H11102_2011 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,776 87.85 87.85

1 316 10 97.85 2 64 2.03 99.87 3 4 0.13 100

Total 3,160 100

H11102_2012 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,469 87.52 87.52

1 292 10.35 97.87 2 59 2.09 99.96 3 1 0.04 100

Total 2,821 100

H11102_2013 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,261 87.6 87.6

1 259 10.03 97.64 2 61 2.36 100

Total 2,581 100

H11102_2014 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,060 87.36 87.36

1 244 10.35 97.71 2 54 2.29 100

Total 2,358 100

H11103_2009 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 3,792 94.28 94.28

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1 218 5.42 99.7 2 12 0.3 100

Total 4,022 100

H11103_2010 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 3,312 95.45 95.45

1 152 4.38 99.83 2 5 0.14 99.97 4 1 0.03 100

Total 3,470 100

H11103_2011 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 3,026 95.76 95.76

1 125 3.96 99.72 2 8 0.25 99.97 3 1 0.03 100

Total 3,160 100

H11103_2012 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,705 95.89 95.89

1 111 3.93 99.82 2 5 0.18 100

Total 2,821 100

H11103_2013 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,494 96.63 96.63

1 86 3.33 99.96 2 1 0.04 100

Total 2,581 100

H11103_2014 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,288 97.03 97.03

1 65 2.76 99.79 2 5 0.21 100

Total 2,358 100

H11104_2009 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 3,684 91.6 91.6

1 303 7.53 99.13 2 34 0.85 99.98 3 1 0.02 100

Total 4,022 100

H11104_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

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0 3,164 91.18 91.18 1 270 7.78 98.96 2 36 1.04 100

Total 3,470 100

H11104_2011 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,892 91.52 91.52

1 244 7.72 99.24 2 24 0.76 100

Total 3,160 100

H11104_2012 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,608 92.45 92.45

1 192 6.81 99.26 2 19 0.67 99.93 3 1 0.04 99.96 4 1 0.04 100

Total 2,821 100

H11104_2013 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,403 93.1 93.1

1 157 6.08 99.19 2 20 0.77 99.96 3 1 0.04 100

Total 2,581 100

H11104_2014 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,209 93.68 93.68

1 140 5.94 99.62 2 9 0.38 100

Total 2,358 100

H11105_2009 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 3,686 91.65 91.65

1 310 7.71 99.35 2 25 0.62 99.98 3 1 0.02 100

Total 4,022 100

H11105_2010 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 3,165 91.21 91.21

1 281 8.1 99.31 2 24 0.69 100

Total 3,470 100

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H11105_2011 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,870 90.82 90.82

1 268 8.48 99.3 2 22 0.7 100

Total 3,160 100

H11105_2012 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,562 90.82 90.82

1 229 8.12 98.94 2 29 1.03 99.96 3 1 0.04 100

Total 2,821 100

H11105_2013 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,334 90.43 90.43

1 225 8.72 99.15 2 22 0.85 100

Total 2,581 100

H11105_2014 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,147 91.05 91.05

1 191 8.1 99.15 2 19 0.81 99.96 3 1 0.04 100

Total 2,358 100

H11106_2009 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 3,632 90.3 90.3

1 352 8.75 99.06 2 38 0.94 100

Total 4,022 100

H11106_2010 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 3,135 90.35 90.35

1 308 8.88 99.22 2 27 0.78 100

Total 3,470 100

H11106_2011 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,851 90.22 90.22

1 283 8.96 99.18 2 26 0.82 100

Total 3,160 100

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H11106_2012 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,562 90.82 90.82

1 242 8.58 99.4 2 16 0.57 99.96 3 1 0.04 100

Total 2,821 100

H11106_2013 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,329 90.24 90.24

1 229 8.87 99.11 2 23 0.89 100

Total 2,581 100

H11106_2014 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,127 90.2 90.2

1 214 9.08 99.28 2 17 0.72 100

Total 2,358 100

H11107_2009 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 3,761 93.51 93.51

1 246 6.12 99.63 2 15 0.37 100

Total 4,022 100

H11107_2010 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 3,240 93.37 93.37

1 223 6.43 99.8 2 7 0.2 100

Total 3,470 100

H11107_2011 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,933 92.82 92.82

1 225 7.12 99.94 2 2 0.06 100

Total 3,160 100

H11107_2012 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,604 92.31 92.31

1 209 7.41 99.72 2 8 0.28 100

Total 2,821 100

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H11107_2013 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,389 92.56 92.56

1 187 7.25 99.81 2 5 0.19 100

Total 2,581 100

H11107_2014 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,192 92.96 92.96

1 161 6.83 99.79 2 5 0.21 100

Total 2,358 100

H11108_2009 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 3,639 90.48 90.48

1 340 8.45 98.93 2 43 1.07 100

Total 4,022 100

H11108_2010 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 3,121 89.94 89.94

1 310 8.93 98.88 2 39 1.12 100

Total 3,470 100

H11108_2011 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,853 90.28 90.28

1 279 8.83 99.11 2 27 0.85 99.97 3 1 0.03 100

Total 3,160 100

H11108_2012 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,541 90.07 90.07

1 250 8.86 98.94 2 30 1.06 100

Total 2,821 100

H11108_2013 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,316 89.73 89.73

1 241 9.34 99.07 2 24 0.93 100

Total 2,581 100

H11108_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

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0 2,091 88.68 88.68 1 240 10.18 98.85 2 27 1.15 100

Total 2,358 100

H11109_2009 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 3,642 90.55 90.55

1 354 8.8 99.35 2 25 0.62 99.98 3 1 0.02 100

Total 4,022 100

H11109_2010 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 3,137 90.4 90.4

1 304 8.76 99.16 2 28 0.81 99.97 3 1 0.03 100

Total 3,470 100

H11109_2011 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,847 90.09 90.09

1 285 9.02 99.11 2 27 0.85 99.97 3 1 0.03 100

Total 3,160 100

H11109_2012 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,541 90.07 90.07

1 249 8.83 98.9 2 31 1.1 100

Total 2,821 100

H11109_2013 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,318 89.81 89.81

1 233 9.03 98.84 2 30 1.16 100

Total 2,581 100

H11109_2014 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,124 90.08 90.08

1 214 9.08 99.15 2 20 0.85 100

Total 2,358 100

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H11110_2009 Freq. Percent Cum. 1 382 9.5 9.5

2 1,834 45.6 55.1 3 930 23.12 78.22 4 604 15.02 93.24 5 200 4.97 98.21 6 63 1.57 99.78 7 9 0.22 100

Total 4,022 100

H11110_2010 Freq. Percent Cum. 1 327 9.42 9.42

2 1,609 46.37 55.79 3 804 23.17 78.96 4 505 14.55 93.52 5 172 4.96 98.47 6 47 1.35 99.83 7 6 0.17 100

Total 3,470 100

H11110_2011 Freq. Percent Cum. 1 306 9.68 9.68

2 1,505 47.63 57.31 3 714 22.59 79.91 4 459 14.53 94.43 5 124 3.92 98.35 6 47 1.49 99.84 7 5 0.16 100

Total 3,160 100

H11110_2012 Freq. Percent Cum. 1 290 10.28 10.28

2 1,351 47.89 58.17 3 647 22.94 81.11 4 371 13.15 94.26 5 120 4.25 98.51 6 38 1.35 99.86 7 4 0.14 100

Total 2,821 100

H11110_2013 Freq. Percent Cum. 1 276 10.69 10.69

2 1,242 48.12 58.81 3 588 22.78 81.6 4 333 12.9 94.5 5 107 4.15 98.64 6 30 1.16 99.81

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7 5 0.19 100

Total 2,581 100

H11110_2014 Freq. Percent Cum. 1 243 10.31 10.31

2 1,172 49.7 60.01 3 530 22.48 82.49 4 293 12.43 94.91 5 94 3.99 98.9 6 23 0.98 99.87 7 3 0.13 100

Total 2,358 100

Tabulation for the Spouses

H11101_2009 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,816 62.86 62.86

1 461 15.96 78.82 2 480 16.61 95.43 3 113 3.91 99.34 4 16 0.55 99.9 5 2 0.07 99.97 6 1 0.03 100

Total 2,889 100

H11101_2010 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,626 64.02 64.02

1 393 15.47 79.49 2 403 15.87 95.35 3 102 4.02 99.37 4 14 0.55 99.92 5 1 0.04 99.96 7 1 0.04 100

Total 2,540 100

H11101_2011 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,517 64.91 64.91

1 334 14.29 79.2 2 369 15.79 94.99 3 105 4.49 99.49 4 10 0.43 99.91 5 1 0.04 99.96 6 1 0.04 100

Total 2,337 100

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H11101_2012 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,359 65.27 65.27

1 296 14.22 79.49 2 328 15.75 95.24 3 88 4.23 99.47 4 9 0.43 99.9 5 1 0.05 99.95 6 1 0.05 100

Total 2,082 100

H11101_2013 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,252 65.28 65.28

1 285 14.86 80.14 2 295 15.38 95.52 3 76 3.96 99.48 4 9 0.47 99.95 5 1 0.05 100

Total 1,918 100

H11101_2014 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,182 66.74 66.74

1 256 14.46 81.2 2 258 14.57 95.77 3 68 3.84 99.6 4 5 0.28 99.89 5 2 0.11 100

Total 1,771 100

H11102_2009 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,525 87.4 87.4

1 310 10.73 98.13 2 52 1.8 99.93 3 2 0.07 100

Total 2,889 100

H11102_2010 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,186 86.06 86.06

1 295 11.61 97.68 2 58 2.28 99.96 3 1 0.04 100

Total 2,540 100

H11102_2011 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,014 86.18 86.18

1 260 11.13 97.3

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2 59 2.52 99.83 3 4 0.17 100

Total 2,337 100

H11102_2012 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,776 85.3 85.3

1 251 12.06 97.36 2 54 2.59 99.95 3 1 0.05 100

Total 2,082 100

H11102_2013 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,630 84.98 84.98

1 230 11.99 96.98 2 58 3.02 100

Total 1,918 100

H11102_2014 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,499 84.64 84.64

1 222 12.54 97.18 2 50 2.82 100

Total 1,771 100

H11103_2009 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,668 92.35 92.35

1 209 7.23 99.58 2 12 0.42 100

Total 2,889 100

H11103_2010 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,388 94.02 94.02

1 146 5.75 99.76 2 5 0.2 99.96 4 1 0.04 100

Total 2,540 100

H11103_2011 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,209 94.52 94.52

1 120 5.13 99.66 2 7 0.3 99.96 3 1 0.04 100

Total 2,337 100

H11103_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

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100

0 1,970 94.62 94.62 1 108 5.19 99.81 2 4 0.19 100

Total 2,082 100

H11103_2013 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,833 95.57 95.57

1 84 4.38 99.95 2 1 0.05 100

Total 1,918 100

H11103_2014 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,703 96.16 96.16

1 63 3.56 99.72 2 5 0.28 100

Total 1,771 100

H11104_2009 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,569 88.92 88.92

1 285 9.87 98.79 2 34 1.18 99.97 3 1 0.03 100

Total 2,889 100

H11104_2010 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,248 88.5 88.5

1 257 10.12 98.62 2 35 1.38 100

Total 2,540 100

H11104_2011 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,082 89.09 89.09

1 232 9.93 99.02 2 23 0.98 100

Total 2,337 100

H11104_2012 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,884 90.49 90.49

1 180 8.65 99.14 2 16 0.77 99.9 3 1 0.05 99.95 4 1 0.05 100

Total 2,082 100

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H11104_2013 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,752 91.35 91.35

1 146 7.61 98.96 2 19 0.99 99.95 3 1 0.05 100

Total 1,918 100

H11104_2014 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,629 91.98 91.98

1 133 7.51 99.49 2 9 0.51 100

Total 1,771 100

H11105_2009 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,570 88.96 88.96

1 294 10.18 99.13 2 25 0.87 100

Total 2,889 100

H11105_2010 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,260 88.98 88.98

1 257 10.12 99.09 2 23 0.91 100

Total 2,540 100

H11105_2011 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,066 88.4 88.4

1 250 10.7 99.1 2 21 0.9 100

Total 2,337 100

H11105_2012 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,839 88.33 88.33

1 214 10.28 98.61 2 28 1.34 99.95 3 1 0.05 100

Total 2,082 100

H11105_2013 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,687 87.96 87.96

1 212 11.05 99.01 2 19 0.99 100

Total 1,918 100

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H11105_2014 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,574 88.88 88.88

1 178 10.05 98.93 2 18 1.02 99.94 3 1 0.06 100

Total 1,771 100

H11106_2009 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,527 87.47 87.47

1 327 11.32 98.79 2 35 1.21 100

Total 2,889 100

H11106_2010 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,229 87.76 87.76

1 284 11.18 98.94 2 27 1.06 100

Total 2,540 100

H11106_2011 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,051 87.76 87.76

1 261 11.17 98.93 2 25 1.07 100

Total 2,337 100

H11106_2012 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,841 88.42 88.42

1 225 10.81 99.23 2 16 0.77 100

Total 2,082 100

H11106_2013 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,688 88.01 88.01

1 209 10.9 98.91 2 21 1.09 100

Total 1,918 100

H11106_2014 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,561 88.14 88.14

1 194 10.95 99.1 2 16 0.9 100

Total 1,771 100

H11107_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

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103

0 2,647 91.62 91.62 1 229 7.93 99.55 2 13 0.45 100

Total 2,889 100

H11107_2010 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,329 91.69 91.69

1 205 8.07 99.76 2 6 0.24 100

Total 2,540 100

H11107_2011 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,124 90.89 90.89

1 211 9.03 99.91 2 2 0.09 100

Total 2,337 100

H11107_2012 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,880 90.3 90.3

1 194 9.32 99.62 2 8 0.38 100

Total 2,082 100

H11107_2013 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,738 90.62 90.62

1 175 9.12 99.74 2 5 0.26 100

Total 1,918 100

H11107_2014 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,619 91.42 91.42

1 147 8.3 99.72 2 5 0.28 100

Total 1,771 100

H11108_2009 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,560 88.61 88.61

1 291 10.07 98.68 2 38 1.32 100

Total 2,889 100

H11108_2010 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,228 87.72 87.72

1 275 10.83 98.54

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2 37 1.46 100

Total 2,540 100

H11108_2011 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,054 87.89 87.89

1 257 11 98.89 2 25 1.07 99.96 3 1 0.04 100

Total 2,337 100

H11108_2012 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,826 87.7 87.7

1 228 10.95 98.66 2 28 1.34 100

Total 2,082 100

H11108_2013 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,675 87.33 87.33

1 221 11.52 98.85 2 22 1.15 100

Total 1,918 100

H11108_2014 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,525 86.11 86.11

1 221 12.48 98.59 2 25 1.41 100

Total 1,771 100

H11109_2009 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,605 90.17 90.17

1 261 9.03 99.2 2 22 0.76 99.97 3 1 0.03 100

Total 2,889 100

H11109_2010 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,271 89.41 89.41

1 246 9.69 99.09 2 22 0.87 99.96 3 1 0.04 100

Total 2,540 100

H11109_2011 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 2,078 88.92 88.92

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1 234 10.01 98.93 2 24 1.03 99.96 3 1 0.04 100

Total 2,337 100

H11109_2012 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,844 88.57 88.57

1 210 10.09 98.66 2 28 1.34 100

Total 2,082 100

H11109_2013 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,681 87.64 87.64

1 208 10.84 98.49 2 29 1.51 100

Total 1,918 100

H11109_2014 Freq. Percent Cum. 0 1,556 87.86 87.86

1 197 11.12 98.98 2 18 1.02 100

Total 1,771 100

H11110_2009 Freq. Percent Cum. 1 23 0.8 0.8

2 1,642 56.84 57.63 3 638 22.08 79.72 4 406 14.05 93.77 5 136 4.71 98.48 6 39 1.35 99.83 7 5 0.17 100

Total 2,889 100

H11110_2010 Freq. Percent Cum. 1 15 0.59 0.59

2 1,445 56.89 57.48 3 563 22.17 79.65 4 363 14.29 93.94 5 115 4.53 98.46 6 36 1.42 99.88 7 3 0.12 100

Total 2,540 100

H11110_2011 Freq. Percent Cum. 1 9 0.39 0.39

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2 1,361 58.24 58.62 3 517 22.12 80.74 4 332 14.21 94.95 5 83 3.55 98.5 6 31 1.33 99.83 7 4 0.17 100

Total 2,337 100

H11110_2012 Freq. Percent Cum. 1 7 0.34 0.34

2 1,222 58.69 59.03 3 466 22.38 81.41 4 272 13.06 94.48 5 86 4.13 98.61 6 26 1.25 99.86 7 3 0.14 100

Total 2,082 100

H11110_2013 Freq. Percent Cum. 1 9 0.47 0.47

2 1,125 58.65 59.12 3 431 22.47 81.6 4 248 12.93 94.53 5 78 4.07 98.59 6 23 1.2 99.79 7 4 0.21 100

Total 1,918 100

H11110_2014 Freq. Percent Cum. 1 5 0.28 0.28

2 1,053 59.46 59.74 3 394 22.25 81.99 4 227 12.82 94.81 5 71 4.01 98.81 6 18 1.02 99.83 7 3 0.17 100

Total 1,771 100

Page 115: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

107

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name H11112_2009-H11112_2014

Variable Label Indicator - Wife/spouse is in HH

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation H

Description These variables indicate the presence of a “head” and “wife or spouse” in the household.

Method

These variables are simple indicator variables that a person who is a “wife/spouse” is present in a given year.

If the respondent's spouse is the head, and 1 indicates the head's spouse, which means that 1 refers to the respondent

him/herself.

If the respondent is the head , and 1 indicates the head's spouse, which means that 1 refers to the respondent's spouse.

algorithm:

*respondent or spouse is NOT household head => .

*respondent is single => respondent = 0 & spouse = .

*respondent is household head => respondent = . & spouse = 1

*spouse is household head => respondent = 1 & spouse = .

Format: .M(-2) = Item non-response

.S(-3) = Survey non-response

0 = Not present

1 = Present

This algorithm omits individuals with survey non-responses.

Unweighted Statistics

Tabulation for the Respondents

H11112_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 2,273 56.51 56.51

Not present 0 512 12.73 69.24

Present 1 1,237 30.76 100

Total 4,022 100

H11112_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,930 55.62 55.62

Not present 0 456 13.14 68.76

Present 1 1,084 31.24 100

Total 3,470 100

H11112_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,789 56.61 56.61

Not present 0 400 12.66 69.27

Present 1 971 30.73 100

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Total 3,160 100

H11112_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,569 55.62 55.62

Not present 0 393 13.93 69.55

Present 1 859 30.45 100

Total 2,821 100

H11112_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,389 53.82 53.82

Not present 0 377 14.61 68.42

Present 1 815 31.58 100

Total 2,581 100

H11112_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,256 53.27 53.27

Not present 0 357 15.14 68.41

Present 1 745 31.59 100

Total 2,358 100

Tabulation for the Spouses

H11112_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,368 47.35 47.35

Present 1 1,521 52.65 100

Total 2,889 100

H11112_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,209 47.6 47.6

Present 1 1,331 52.4 100

Total 2,540 100

H11112_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,084 46.38 46.38

Present 1 1,253 53.62 100

Total 2,337 100

H11112_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 961 46.16 46.16

Present 1 1,121 53.84 100

Total 2,082 100

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H11112_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 904 47.13 47.13

Present 1 1,014 52.87 100

Total 1,918 100

H11112_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 823 46.47 46.47

Present 1 948 53.53 100

Total 1,771 100

Page 118: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

110

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name I11101_2009-I11101_2014

Variable Label Household Pre-Government Income

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation H

Description This variable represents the combined income before taxes and government transfers of the

household members.

Method

This variable is the sum of total family income from labor income, asset income, private transfers, private retirement

income, public transfers, and social security pensions.

Household pre-government income can have negative values.

The base unit of this variable is ten thousand yen (nominal value).

Format: . = Survey non-response / Item non-response / Not covered in the survey

Unweighted Statistics

Summary for the Respondents

Variable Obs Mean

I11101_2009 4,022 551.8036

I11101_2010 3,470 562.5709

I11101_2011 3,160 545.0668

I11101_2012 2,821 542.4442

I11101_2013 2,581 537.9574

I11101_2014 2,358 546.9114

Summary for the Spouses

Variable Obs Mean

I11101_2009 2,889 583.1

I11101_2010 2,540 597.8638

I11101_2011 2,337 574.0282

I11101_2012 2,082 587.5533

I11101_2013 1,918 579.0673

I11101_2014 1,771 591.6573

Page 119: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

111

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name I11102_2009-I11102_2014

Variable Label Household Post-Government Income

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation H

Description This variable represents the combined income after taxes and government transfers of the

household members.

Method

This variable is the sum of total family income from labor income, asset income, private transfers, private retirement

income, public transfers, and social security pensions minus total household taxes.

Household post-government income can have negative values.

The base unit of this variable is ten thousand yen (nominal value).

Format: . = Survey non-response / Item non-response / Not covered in the survey

Unweighted Statistics

Summary for the Respondents

Variable Obs Mean

I11102_2009 3,275 609.1018

I11102_2010 2,926 607.5993

I11102_2011 2,670 592.4135

I11102_2012 2,412 583.1137

I11102_2013 2,222 571.7877

I11102_2014 2,030 574.4709

Summary for the Spouses

Variable Obs Mean

I11102_2009 2,388 636.523

I11102_2010 2,158 637.6532

I11102_2011 1,984 618.1437

I11102_2012 1,789 625.6414

I11102_2013 1,660 607.4339

I11102_2014 1,525 613.2869

Page 120: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

112

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name I11103_2009-I11103_2014

Variable Label Household Labor Income

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation H

Description This variable represents the combined labor income of the household members.

Method

This variable is the sum of annual employment income, self-employment income, business income and home work income.

Note that this variable includes agriculture, forestry and fishery income. In addition, this variable does not include asset

income.

When the survey respondents left the section on annual employment income, self-employment income, business income or

home work income blank, the section was treated as zero.

The base unit of this variable is ten thousand yen (nominal value).

Format: . = Survey non-response / Item non-response / Not covered in the survey

Unweighted Statistics

Summary for the Respondents

Variable Obs Mean

I11103_2009 4,022 511.7335

I11103_2010 3,470 504.7723

I11103_2011 3,160 493.7915

I11103_2012 2,821 484.3804

I11103_2013 2,581 483.0717

I11103_2014 2,358 473.5242

Summary for the Spouses

Variable Obs Mean

I11103_2009 2,889 539.4503

I11103_2010 2,540 535.2441

I11103_2011 2,337 522.7578

I11103_2012 2,082 521.8093

I11103_2013 1,918 520.4917

I11103_2014 1,771 511.8571

Page 121: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

113

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name I11104_2009-I11104_2014

Variable Label Household Asset Income

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation H

Description This variable represents the combined asset income of the household members.

Method

This variable includes the income from interest, dividends, rents and securities sales (profits or losses). Household asset

income can have negative values.

When the survey respondents left the section on “Rent and land rent income” or “Interest and dividends” blank, the section

was treated as zero.

The base unit of this variable is ten thousand yen (nominal value).

Format: . = Survey non-response / Item non-response / Not covered in the survey

Unweighted Statistics

Summary for the Respondents

Variable Obs Mean

I11104_2009 4,022 12.06688

I11104_2010 3,470 17.15331

I11104_2011 3,160 14.68038

I11104_2012 2,821 17.18646

I11104_2013 2,581 21.07594

I11104_2014 2,358 35.40925

Summary for the Spouses

Variable Obs Mean

I11104_2009 2,889 13.52579

I11104_2010 2,540 18.00787

I11104_2011 2,337 14.86393

I11104_2012 2,082 18.71614

I11104_2013 1,918 20.25965

I11104_2014 1,771 38.61152

Page 122: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

114

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name I11105_2009-I11105_2014

Variable Label Household Imputed Rental Value

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation H

Description This variable represents the imputed rental value of owner occupied housing.

Method

Imputed rental value is calculated by taking 6% of the difference between housing market price speculated by the

respondent and the remaining mortgage principal.

Household imputed rental value can have negative values.

The base unit of this variable is ten thousand yen (nominal value).

Format: . = Survey non-response / Item non-response / Not covered in the survey

Unweighted Statistics

Summary for the Respondents

Variable Obs Mean

I11105_2009 2,054 23.72366

I11105_2010 1,964 20.54649

I11105_2011 1,913 20.38956

I11105_2012 1,709 19.53823

I11105_2013 1,648 22.8789

I11105_2014 1,516 15.64931

Summary for the Spouses

Variable Obs Mean

I11105_2009 1,610 19.29019

I11105_2010 1,560 16.97673

I11105_2011 1,510 16.20962

I11105_2012 1,356 13.64013

I11105_2013 1,309 19.48799

I11105_2014 1,229 10.73551

Page 123: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

115

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name I11106_2009-I11106_2014

Variable Label Household Private Transfers

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation H

Description This variable represents the combined private transfers of the household members.

Method

Private transfers include remittances and gifts from non-household members.

When survey respondents left the section on “remittances and gifts” blank, the section was treated as zero.

The base unit of this variable is ten thousand yen (nominal value).

Format: . = Survey non-response / Item non-response / Not covered in the survey

Unweighted Statistics

Summary for the Respondents

Variable Obs Mean

I11106_2009 4,022 1.751865

I11106_2010 3,470 1.232565

I11106_2011 3,160 2.567089

I11106_2012 2,821 2.438143

I11106_2013 2,581 2.349864

I11106_2014 2,358 2.844784

Summary for the Spouses

Variable Obs Mean

I11106_2009 2,889 1.691935

I11106_2010 2,540 1.104331

I11106_2011 2,337 1.565255

I11106_2012 2,082 2.099424

I11106_2013 1,918 2.636079

I11106_2014 1,771 3.417843

Page 124: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

116

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name I11107_2009-I11107_2014

Variable Label Household Public Transfers

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation H

Description This variable represents the combined public transfers of the household members.

Method

Public transfers are the sum of child allowances, childcare allowances, unemployment benefits, child-care leave benefits

and welfare benefits.

When the survey respondents left the section on “child allowances and childcare allowances”, “unemployment benefits and

child-care leave benefits” or welfare benefits blank, the section was treated as zero.

The base unit of this variable is ten thousand yen (nominal value).

Format: . = Survey non-response / Item non-response / Not covered in the survey

Unweighted Statistics

Summary for the Respondents

Variable Obs Mean

I11107_2009 4,022 3.933118

I11107_2010 3,470 4.683285

I11107_2011 3,160 6.539557

I11107_2012 2,821 7.475363

I11107_2013 2,581 6.720263

I11107_2014 2,358 6.856658

Summary for the Spouses

Variable Obs Mean

I11107_2009 2,889 4.325372

I11107_2010 2,540 4.819291

I11107_2011 2,337 7.36457

I11107_2012 2,082 8.20269

I11107_2013 1,918 7.322211

I11107_2014 1,771 6.99153

Page 125: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

117

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name I11108_2009-I11108_2014

Variable Label Household Social Security Pensions

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation H

Description This variable represents the combined social security pensions of the household members.

Method

JHPS information on public pensions was used to make variables on social security pensions. When survey respondents left

the section on public pensions blank, the section was treated as zero.

The base unit of this variable is ten thousand yen (nominal value).

Format: . = Survey non-response / Item non-response / Not covered in the survey

Unweighted Statistics

Summary for the Respondents

Variable Obs Mean

I11108_2009 4,022 76.05246

I11108_2010 3,470 81.55216

I11108_2011 3,160 84.26456

I11108_2012 2,821 85.14711

I11108_2013 2,581 89.53971

I11108_2014 2,358 91.09627

Summary for the Spouses

Variable Obs Mean

I11108_2009 2,889 85.45448

I11108_2010 2,540 90.40039

I11108_2011 2,337 91.29482

I11108_2012 2,082 92.4097

I11108_2013 1,918 96.47185

I11108_2014 1,771 98.39074

Page 126: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

118

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name I11109_2009-I11109_2014

Variable Label Total Household Taxes

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation H

Description This variable includes income taxes and social security taxes of the household members.

Method

The JHPS does not include questions on income and social security taxes. This variable was calculated using information

from the JHPS, including that on various types of income and status of household members.

The base unit of this variable is ten thousand yen (nominal value).

Format: . = Survey non-response / Item non-response / Not covered in the survey

Unweighted Statistics

Summary for the Respondents

Variable Obs Mean

I11109_2009 3,275 102.3257

I11109_2010 2,926 104.3908

I11109_2011 2,670 104.5112

I11109_2012 2,412 104.6873

I11109_2013 2,222 107.5184

I11109_2014 2,030 106.9616

Summary for the Spouses

Variable Obs Mean

I11109_2009 2,388 109.6122

I11109_2010 2,158 112.2138

I11109_2011 1,984 111.4113

I11109_2012 1,789 114.6706

I11109_2013 1,660 116.3107

I11109_2014 1,525 115.5984

Page 127: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

119

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name I11110_2009-I11110_2014

Variable Label Individual Labor Earnings

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation I

Description This variable represents the labor earnings of individuals in the household.

Method

This variable is the sum of annual employment income, self-employment income, business income and home work income.

Note that this variable includes agriculture, forestry and fishery income. In addition, this variable does not include asset

income.

When the survey respondents left the section on annual employment income, self-employment income, business income or

home work income blank, the section was treated as zero.

The base unit of this variable is ten thousand yen (nominal value).

Format: . = Survey non-response / Item non-response / Not covered in the survey

Unweighted Statistics

Summary for the Respondents

Variable Obs Mean

I11110_2009 4,022 221.1586

I11110_2010 3,470 221.9458

I11110_2011 3,160 225.0228

I11110_2012 2,821 222.7788

I11110_2013 2,581 222.821

I11110_2014 2,358 222.874

Summary for the Spouses

Variable Obs Mean

I11110_2009 2,889 234.2409

I11110_2010 2,540 231.0094

I11110_2011 2,337 222.7852

I11110_2012 2,082 230.8165

I11110_2013 1,918 227.3811

I11110_2014 1,771 227.5951

Page 128: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name I11111_2009-I11111_2014

Variable Label Household Federal Taxes

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation H

Description This variable includes national income taxes of the household members.

Method

The JHPS does not include questions on national income taxes. This variable was calculated using information from the

JHPS, including that on various types of income and status of household members.

The base unit of this variable is ten thousand yen (nominal value).

Format: . = Survey non-response / Item non-response / Not covered in the survey

Unweighted Statistics

Summary for the Respondents

Variable Obs Mean

I11111_2009 3,275 27.88293

I11111_2010 2,926 26.35456

I11111_2011 2,670 23.77602

I11111_2012 2,412 25.00829

I11111_2013 2,222 23.63416

I11111_2014 2,030 24.4613

Summary for the Spouses

Variable Obs Mean

I11111_2009 2,388 30.70223

I11111_2010 2,158 29.28013

I11111_2011 1,984 25.76047

I11111_2012 1,789 28.5579

I11111_2013 1,660 26.09338

I11111_2014 1,525 26.60053

Page 129: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

121

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name I11112_2009-I11112_2014

Variable Label Household Social Security Taxes

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation H

Description This variable includes the social security taxes of the household members.

Method

The JHPS does not include enough questions on social security taxes. This variable was calculated using information from

the JHPS, including that on various types of income and status of household members.

The base unit of this variable is ten thousand yen (nominal value).

Format: . = Survey non-response / Item non-response / Not covered in the survey

Unweighted Statistics

Summary for the Respondents

Variable Obs Mean

I11112_2009 3,275 44.37228

I11112_2010 2,926 49.31287

I11112_2011 2,670 53.55887

I11112_2012 2,412 53.09818

I11112_2013 2,222 56.74909

I11112_2014 2,030 55.40389

Summary for the Spouses

Variable Obs Mean

I11112_2009 2,388 47.18361

I11112_2010 2,158 52.30077

I11112_2011 1,984 56.81111

I11112_2012 1,789 57.21389

I11112_2013 1,660 60.85926

I11112_2014 1,525 59.65863

Page 130: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

122

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name I11117_2009-I11117_2014

Variable Label Household Private Retirement Income

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation H

Description This variable indicates the amount of retirement income of all household members from

private sources.

Method

Sum income of all household members from the following sources:

Corporate pensions, personal pensions and retirement benefits.

When the survey respondents left the section on “Corporate and personal pensions” or retirement benefits blank, the section

was treated as zero.

The base unit of this variable is ten thousand yen (nominal value).

Format: . = Survey non-response / Item non-response / Not covered in the survey

Unweighted Statistics

Summary for the Respondents

Variable Obs Mean

I11117_2009 4,022 26.25137

I11117_2010 3,470 39.41268

I11117_2011 3,160 34.02785

I11117_2012 2,821 38.43921

I11117_2013 2,581 31.4599

I11117_2014 2,358 35.13316

Summary for the Spouses

Variable Obs Mean

I11117_2009 2,889 28.43198

I11117_2010 2,540 43.50748

I11117_2011 2,337 34.84125

I11117_2012 2,082 44.92843

I11117_2013 1,918 35.67987

I11117_2014 1,771 37.77075

Page 131: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

123

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name I11118_2009-I11118_2014

Variable Label Household Windfall Income

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation H

Description This variable indicates the amount of money received in the form of lump sum payments in the

previous year from sources such as insurance settlements, inheritances, or lottery winnings.

Method

Regarding windfall income, the JHPS provides only information on insurance settlements. Therefore, this variable is

represented as the value of insurance settlements.

The base unit of this variable is ten thousand yen (nominal value).

Format: . = Survey non-response / Item non-response / Not covered in the survey

Unweighted Statistics

Summary for the Respondents

Variable Obs Mean

I11118_2009 3,899 20.90818

I11118_2010 3,336 18.29916

I11118_2011 3,077 24.20864

I11118_2012 2,748 22.44942

I11118_2013 2,531 17.18649

I11118_2014 2,306 15.95707

Summary for the Spouses

Variable Obs Mean

I11118_2009 2,813 21.45254

I11118_2010 2,471 16.99717

I11118_2011 2,284 21.25876

I11118_2012 2,030 20.53498

I11118_2013 1,885 17.18408

I11118_2014 1,739 12.39218

Page 132: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

124

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name L11102_2009-L11102_2014

Variable Label Region of Residence

Survey/Created S

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation H

Description This variable is provided by the JHPS and represents the household region of residence in the

survey year.

Method

N/A

Format: .M(-2) = Item non-response

.S(-3) = Survey non-response

1 = Hokkaido

2 = Tohoku

3 = Kanto

4 = Chubu

5 = Kinki

6 = Chugoku

7 = Shikoku

8 = Kyushu

This algorithm omits individuals with survey non-responses.

Unweighted Statistics

Tabulation for the Respondents

L11102_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

Hokkaido 1 176 4.38 4.38

Tohoku 2 300 7.46 11.83

Kanto 3 1,321 32.84 44.68

Chubu 4 744 18.5 63.18

Kinki 5 652 16.21 79.39

Chugoku 6 241 5.99 85.38

Shikoku 7 131 3.26 88.64

Kyushu 8 457 11.36 100

Total 4,022 100

L11102_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

Hokkaido 1 151 4.35 4.35

Tohoku 2 263 7.58 11.93

Kanto 3 1,136 32.74 44.67

Chubu 4 647 18.65 63.31

Kinki 5 566 16.31 79.63

Chugoku 6 211 6.08 85.71

Page 133: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

125

Shikoku 7 115 3.31 89.02

Kyushu 8 381 10.98 100

Total 3,470 100

L11102_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

Hokkaido 1 141 4.46 4.46

Tohoku 2 220 6.96 11.42

Kanto 3 1,032 32.66 44.08

Chubu 4 593 18.77 62.85

Kinki 5 522 16.52 79.37

Chugoku 6 199 6.3 85.66

Shikoku 7 106 3.35 89.02

Kyushu 8 347 10.98 100

Total 3,160 100

L11102_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

Hokkaido 1 123 4.36 4.36

Tohoku 2 196 6.95 11.31

Kanto 3 908 32.19 43.5

Chubu 4 529 18.75 62.25

Kinki 5 475 16.84 79.09

Chugoku 6 182 6.45 85.54

Shikoku 7 95 3.37 88.9

Kyushu 8 313 11.1 100

Total 2,821 100

L11102_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

Hokkaido 1 114 4.42 4.42

Tohoku 2 164 6.35 10.77

Kanto 3 842 32.62 43.39

Chubu 4 481 18.64 62.03

Kinki 5 433 16.78 78.81

Chugoku 6 171 6.63 85.43

Shikoku 7 87 3.37 88.8

Kyushu 8 289 11.2 100

Total 2,581 100

L11102_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

Hokkaido 1 103 4.37 4.37

Tohoku 2 140 5.94 10.31

Kanto 3 780 33.08 43.38

Chubu 4 439 18.62 62

Kinki 5 403 17.09 79.09

Chugoku 6 155 6.57 85.67

Shikoku 7 80 3.39 89.06

Kyushu 8 258 10.94 100

Total 2,358 100

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126

Tabulation for the Spouses

L11102_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

Hokkaido 1 129 4.47 4.47

Tohoku 2 221 7.65 12.11

Kanto 3 934 32.33 44.44

Chubu 4 550 19.04 63.48

Kinki 5 464 16.06 79.54

Chugoku 6 184 6.37 85.91

Shikoku 7 93 3.22 89.13

Kyushu 8 314 10.87 100

Total 2,889 100

L11102_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

Hokkaido 1 115 4.53 4.53

Tohoku 2 200 7.87 12.4

Kanto 3 826 32.52 44.92

Chubu 4 480 18.9 63.82

Kinki 5 413 16.26 80.08

Chugoku 6 164 6.46 86.54

Shikoku 7 80 3.15 89.69

Kyushu 8 262 10.31 100

Total 2,540 100

L11102_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

Hokkaido 1 109 4.66 4.66

Tohoku 2 164 7.02 11.68

Kanto 3 765 32.73 44.42

Chubu 4 445 19.04 63.46

Kinki 5 385 16.47 79.93

Chugoku 6 156 6.68 86.61

Shikoku 7 74 3.17 89.77

Kyushu 8 239 10.23 100

Total 2,337 100

L11102_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

Hokkaido 1 94 4.51 4.51

Tohoku 2 148 7.11 11.62

Kanto 3 665 31.94 43.56

Chubu 4 403 19.36 62.92

Kinki 5 354 17 79.92

Chugoku 6 142 6.82 86.74

Shikoku 7 64 3.07 89.82

Kyushu 8 212 10.18 100

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Total 2,082 100

L11102_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

Hokkaido 1 89 4.64 4.64

Tohoku 2 120 6.26 10.9

Kanto 3 625 32.59 43.48

Chubu 4 369 19.24 62.72

Kinki 5 326 17 79.72

Chugoku 6 133 6.93 86.65

Shikoku 7 56 2.92 89.57

Kyushu 8 200 10.43 100

Total 1,918 100

L11102_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

Hokkaido 1 80 4.52 4.52

Tohoku 2 102 5.76 10.28

Kanto 3 588 33.2 43.48

Chubu 4 336 18.97 62.45

Kinki 5 307 17.33 79.79

Chugoku 6 120 6.78 86.56

Shikoku 7 53 2.99 89.55

Kyushu 8 185 10.45 100

Total 1,771 100

Page 136: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

128

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name M11101_2009-M11101_2013

Variable Label Whether was in hospital overnight in past year

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation I

Description Indicates whether person stayed overnight in a hospital at any time in previous year

Method

The JHPS asked about "Were you hospitalized or did you go to a hospital for treatment of a disease or injury in the last

year?".

Those who responded that they were hospitalized last year were regarded as "Stayed overnight in a hospital".

Those who responded that they visited hospital last year were regarded as "Did not stay overnight in a hospital".

Format: .M(-2) = Item non-response

.S(-3) = Survey non-response

0 = Did not stay overnight in a hospital

1 = Stayed overnight in a hospital

This algorithm omits individuals with survey non-responses.

Unweighted Statistics

Tabulation for the Respondents

M11101_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 19 0.47 0.47

Did not stay overnight 0 3,752 93.29 93.76

Stayed overnight 1 251 6.24 100

Total 4,022 100

M11101_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 26 0.75 0.75

Did not stay overnight 0 3,230 93.08 93.83

Stayed overnight 1 214 6.17 100

Total 3,470 100

M11101_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 26 0.82 0.82

Did not stay overnight 0 2,929 92.69 93.51

Stayed overnight 1 205 6.49 100

Total 3,160 100

Page 137: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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M11101_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 19 0.67 0.67

Did not stay overnight 0 2,602 92.24 92.91

Stayed overnight 1 200 7.09 100

Total 2,821 100

M11101_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 23 0.89 0.89

Did not stay overnight 0 2,397 92.87 93.76

Stayed overnight 1 161 6.24 100

Total 2,581 100

Tabulation for the Spouses

M11101_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 33 1.14 1.14

Did not stay overnight 0 2,620 90.69 91.83

Stayed overnight 1 236 8.17 100

Total 2,889 100

M11101_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 45 1.77 1.77

Did not stay overnight 0 2,316 91.18 92.95

Stayed overnight 1 179 7.05 100

Total 2,540 100

M11101_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 60 2.57 2.57

Did not stay overnight 0 2,116 90.54 93.11

Stayed overnight 1 161 6.89 100

Total 2,337 100

M11101_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 40 1.92 1.92

Did not stay overnight 0 1,884 90.49 92.41

Stayed overnight 1 158 7.59 100

Total 2,082 100

M11101_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 21 1.09 1.09

Did not stay overnight 0 1,743 90.88 91.97

Stayed overnight 1 154 8.03 100

Total 1,918 100

Page 138: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name M11104_2013-M11104_2014

Variable Label Frequency play sports or exercise

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation I

Description Indicates how often the individual plays sports, exercises or walks or swims

Method

The JHPS asked about regular exercise days per month and irregular exercise days per week.

Those respondents who never do any regular exercise and irregular exercise, were regarded as “Play sport or exercise once

a year or less, almost never, or never”.

Those respondents who do regular exercise less than 4 days per month, and no any irregular exercise, were regarded as

“Play sport or exercise at least once a month”.

Those respondents who do regular exercise 4 or more than 4 days per month, or at least for one day for irregular exercise

per week, were regarded as “Play sport or exercise at least once a week”.

“Play sport or exercise at least once a month” could not be reported from the JHPS.

Format: .M(-2) = Item non-response

.S(-3) = Survey non-response

1 = Play sport or exercise once a year or less, almost never, or never

2 = Play sport or exercise several times a year

3 = Play sport or exercise at least once a month

4 = Play sport or exercise at least once a week

This algorithm omits individuals with survey non-responses.

Unweighted Statistics

Tabulation for the Respondents

M11104_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,411 54.67 54.67

At least once a month 3 70 2.71 57.38

At least weekly 4 1,100 42.62 100

Total 2,581 100

M11104_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 24 1.02 1.02

Almost never/never 1 1,204 51.06 52.08

At least once a month 3 39 1.65 53.73

At least weekly 4 1,091 46.27 100

Total 2,358 100

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131

Tabulation for the Spouses

M11104_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 1,136 59.23 59.23

At least once a month 3 39 2.03 61.26

At least weekly 4 743 38.74 100

Total 1,918 100

M11104_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 29 1.64 1.64

Almost never/never 1 975 55.05 56.69

At least once a month 3 22 1.24 57.93

At least weekly 4 745 42.07 100

Total 1,771 100

Page 140: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

132

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name M11122LL

Variable Label Height in centimeters

Survey/Created S

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation I

Description This variable indicates each person’s height in centimeters on the interview date.

Method

Transcribed from the original JHPS 2009 variable.

Format: .C(-1) = N/A - Child

.M(-2) = Item non-response

.S(-3) = Survey non-response

actual value = Height in centimeters

This algorithm omits individuals with survey non-responses.

Unweighted Statistics

Tabulation for the Respondents

M11122LL Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 71 1.77 1.77 135 1 0.02 1.79 137 2 0.05 1.84 140 8 0.2 2.04 141 4 0.1 2.14 142 13 0.32 2.46 143 14 0.35 2.81 144 11 0.27 3.08 145 35 0.87 3.95 146 27 0.67 4.62 147 38 0.94 5.57 148 70 1.74 7.31 149 40 0.99 8.3 150 162 4.03 12.33 151 64 1.59 13.92 152 140 3.48 17.4 153 155 3.85 21.26 154 112 2.78 24.04 155 155 3.85 27.9 156 146 3.63 31.53 157 137 3.41 34.93 158 177 4.4 39.33 159 92 2.29 41.62 160 237 5.89 47.51

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133

161 90 2.24 49.75 162 144 3.58 53.33 163 153 3.8 57.14 164 128 3.18 60.32 165 225 5.59 65.91 166 66 1.64 67.55 167 124 3.08 70.64 168 167 4.15 74.79 169 83 2.06 76.85 170 225 5.59 82.45 171 62 1.54 83.99 172 123 3.06 87.05 173 91 2.26 89.31 174 70 1.74 91.05 175 109 2.71 93.76 176 48 1.19 94.95 177 30 0.75 95.7 178 65 1.62 97.31 179 17 0.42 97.74 180 30 0.75 98.48 181 15 0.37 98.86 182 22 0.55 99.4 183 9 0.22 99.63 184 4 0.1 99.73 185 6 0.15 99.88 186 3 0.07 99.95 187 1 0.02 99.98 188 1 0.02 100

Total 4,022 100

Tabulation for the Spouses

M11122LL Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 118 4.08 4.08 130 1 0.03 4.12 136 1 0.03 4.15 140 5 0.17 4.33 141 1 0.03 4.36 142 2 0.07 4.43 143 2 0.07 4.5 144 2 0.07 4.57 145 20 0.69 5.26 146 14 0.48 5.75 147 15 0.52 6.27 148 29 1 7.27 149 19 0.66 7.93 150 94 3.25 11.18 151 39 1.35 12.53 152 71 2.46 14.99

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134

153 101 3.5 18.48 154 89 3.08 21.56 155 115 3.98 25.55 156 108 3.74 29.28 157 96 3.32 32.61 158 143 4.95 37.56 159 55 1.9 39.46 160 242 8.38 47.84 161 50 1.73 49.57 162 114 3.95 53.51 163 109 3.77 57.29 164 80 2.77 60.06 165 190 6.58 66.63 166 58 2.01 68.64 167 65 2.25 70.89 168 118 4.08 74.97 169 43 1.49 76.46 170 164 5.68 82.14 171 53 1.83 83.97 172 73 2.53 86.5 173 65 2.25 88.75 174 50 1.73 90.48 175 87 3.01 93.49 176 41 1.42 94.91 177 22 0.76 95.67 178 45 1.56 97.23 179 9 0.31 97.54 180 36 1.25 98.79 181 9 0.31 99.1 182 9 0.31 99.41 183 6 0.21 99.62 184 2 0.07 99.69 185 4 0.14 99.83 187 3 0.1 99.93 189 1 0.03 99.97 193 1 0.03 100

Total 2,889 100

Page 143: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

135

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name M11123_2009-M11123_2014

Variable Label Weight in kilos

Survey/Created S

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation I

Description This variable indicates each person’s weight in kilos on the interview date.

Method

Transcribed from original JHPS variable.

Format: .C(-1) = N/A - Child

.M(-2) = Item non-response

.S(-3) = Survey non-response

actual value = Weight in kilos

This algorithm omits individuals with survey non-responses.

Unweighted Statistics

Tabulation for the Respondents

M11123_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 173 4.3 4.3 32 1 0.02 4.33 34 1 0.02 4.35 35 5 0.12 4.48 36 2 0.05 4.53 37 4 0.1 4.62 38 9 0.22 4.85 39 15 0.37 5.22 40 38 0.94 6.17 41 15 0.37 6.54 42 38 0.94 7.48 43 60 1.49 8.98 44 41 1.02 10 45 99 2.46 12.46 46 76 1.89 14.35 47 90 2.24 16.58 48 138 3.43 20.01 49 100 2.49 22.5 50 194 4.82 27.32 51 80 1.99 29.31 52 167 4.15 33.47 53 135 3.36 36.82 54 135 3.36 40.18 55 171 4.25 44.43

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136

56 117 2.91 47.34 57 100 2.49 49.83 58 164 4.08 53.9 59 61 1.52 55.42 60 212 5.27 60.69 61 67 1.67 62.36 62 119 2.96 65.32 63 118 2.93 68.25 64 66 1.64 69.89 65 186 4.62 74.52 66 48 1.19 75.71 67 62 1.54 77.25 68 106 2.64 79.89 69 31 0.77 80.66 70 150 3.73 84.39 71 17 0.42 84.81 72 76 1.89 86.7 73 52 1.29 87.99 74 43 1.07 89.06 75 75 1.86 90.92 76 36 0.9 91.82 77 25 0.62 92.44 78 50 1.24 93.68 79 12 0.3 93.98 80 71 1.77 95.75 81 7 0.17 95.92 82 21 0.52 96.44 83 23 0.57 97.02 84 9 0.22 97.24 85 33 0.82 98.06 86 1 0.02 98.09 87 4 0.1 98.18 88 8 0.2 98.38 89 4 0.1 98.48 90 19 0.47 98.96 91 2 0.05 99.01 92 4 0.1 99.1 93 4 0.1 99.2 94 2 0.05 99.25 95 7 0.17 99.43 96 1 0.02 99.45 97 4 0.1 99.55 98 4 0.1 99.65 100 7 0.17 99.83 101 1 0.02 99.85 102 1 0.02 99.88 105 1 0.02 99.9 106 1 0.02 99.93 109 1 0.02 99.95 128 1 0.02 99.98 174 1 0.02 100

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Total 4,022 100

M11123_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 215 6.2 6.2 32 1 0.03 6.22 34 1 0.03 6.25 35 8 0.23 6.48 36 3 0.09 6.57 37 2 0.06 6.63 38 12 0.35 6.97 39 10 0.29 7.26 40 22 0.63 7.9 41 14 0.4 8.3 42 35 1.01 9.31 43 59 1.7 11.01 44 28 0.81 11.82 45 72 2.07 13.89 46 58 1.67 15.56 47 92 2.65 18.21 48 117 3.37 21.59 49 72 2.07 23.66 50 162 4.67 28.33 51 70 2.02 30.35 52 126 3.63 33.98 53 123 3.54 37.52 54 97 2.8 40.32 55 145 4.18 44.5 56 124 3.57 48.07 57 85 2.45 50.52 58 135 3.89 54.41 59 58 1.67 56.08 60 172 4.96 61.04 61 44 1.27 62.31 62 112 3.23 65.53 63 94 2.71 68.24 64 61 1.76 70 65 132 3.8 73.8 66 37 1.07 74.87 67 68 1.96 76.83 68 87 2.51 79.34 69 26 0.75 80.09 70 126 3.63 83.72 71 25 0.72 84.44 72 61 1.76 86.2 73 53 1.53 87.72 74 36 1.04 88.76 75 80 2.31 91.07 76 24 0.69 91.76 77 18 0.52 92.28 78 45 1.3 93.57

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138

79 12 0.35 93.92 80 59 1.7 95.62 81 9 0.26 95.88 82 20 0.58 96.46 83 10 0.29 96.74 84 10 0.29 97.03 85 23 0.66 97.69 86 7 0.2 97.9 87 3 0.09 97.98 88 5 0.14 98.13 89 1 0.03 98.16 90 24 0.69 98.85 91 2 0.06 98.9 92 3 0.09 98.99 93 5 0.14 99.14 95 7 0.2 99.34 96 2 0.06 99.39 97 1 0.03 99.42 98 3 0.09 99.51 100 9 0.26 99.77 102 1 0.03 99.8 103 1 0.03 99.83 105 2 0.06 99.88 110 2 0.06 99.94 118 1 0.03 99.97 164 1 0.03 100

Total 3,470 100

M11123_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 201 6.36 6.36 30 1 0.03 6.39 32 1 0.03 6.42 35 5 0.16 6.58 36 1 0.03 6.61 37 4 0.13 6.74 38 13 0.41 7.15 39 8 0.25 7.41 40 25 0.79 8.2 41 11 0.35 8.54 42 36 1.14 9.68 43 39 1.23 10.92 44 29 0.92 11.84 45 58 1.84 13.67 46 63 1.99 15.66 47 83 2.63 18.29 48 108 3.42 21.71 49 63 1.99 23.7 50 135 4.27 27.97 51 77 2.44 30.41 52 128 4.05 34.46

Page 147: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

139

53 110 3.48 37.94 54 97 3.07 41.01 55 123 3.89 44.91 56 99 3.13 48.04 57 85 2.69 50.73 58 118 3.73 54.46 59 48 1.52 55.98 60 168 5.32 61.3 61 43 1.36 62.66 62 87 2.75 65.41 63 80 2.53 67.94 64 61 1.93 69.87 65 115 3.64 73.51 66 41 1.3 74.81 67 61 1.93 76.74 68 79 2.5 79.24 69 24 0.76 80 70 96 3.04 83.04 71 26 0.82 83.86 72 64 2.03 85.89 73 38 1.2 87.09 74 31 0.98 88.07 75 73 2.31 90.38 76 26 0.82 91.2 77 19 0.6 91.8 78 44 1.39 93.2 79 7 0.22 93.42 80 52 1.65 95.06 81 9 0.28 95.35 82 20 0.63 95.98 83 15 0.47 96.46 84 4 0.13 96.58 85 27 0.85 97.44 86 5 0.16 97.59 87 5 0.16 97.75 88 8 0.25 98.01 89 4 0.13 98.13 90 20 0.63 98.77 92 4 0.13 98.89 93 2 0.06 98.96 95 7 0.22 99.18 96 3 0.09 99.27 97 1 0.03 99.3 98 2 0.06 99.37 99 1 0.03 99.4 100 9 0.28 99.68 102 1 0.03 99.72 103 1 0.03 99.75 105 2 0.06 99.81 106 1 0.03 99.84 110 2 0.06 99.91

Page 148: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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120 2 0.06 99.97 150 1 0.03 100

Total 3,160 100

M11123_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 148 5.25 5.25 30 1 0.04 5.28 32 1 0.04 5.32 35 2 0.07 5.39 36 3 0.11 5.49 37 4 0.14 5.64 38 5 0.18 5.81 39 10 0.35 6.17 40 24 0.85 7.02 41 11 0.39 7.41 42 25 0.89 8.29 43 40 1.42 9.71 44 26 0.92 10.63 45 57 2.02 12.66 46 66 2.34 14.99 47 62 2.2 17.19 48 96 3.4 20.6 49 61 2.16 22.76 50 115 4.08 26.83 51 70 2.48 29.32 52 114 4.04 33.36 53 108 3.83 37.19 54 86 3.05 40.23 55 128 4.54 44.77 56 77 2.73 47.5 57 64 2.27 49.77 58 87 3.08 52.85 59 47 1.67 54.52 60 162 5.74 60.26 61 33 1.17 61.43 62 93 3.3 64.73 63 73 2.59 67.32 64 61 2.16 69.48 65 114 4.04 73.52 66 16 0.57 74.09 67 55 1.95 76.04 68 76 2.69 78.73 69 31 1.1 79.83 70 93 3.3 83.13 71 20 0.71 83.84 72 49 1.74 85.57 73 38 1.35 86.92 74 29 1.03 87.95 75 62 2.2 90.15 76 26 0.92 91.07

Page 149: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

141

77 17 0.6 91.67 78 25 0.89 92.56 79 7 0.25 92.8 80 55 1.95 94.75 81 6 0.21 94.97 82 19 0.67 95.64 83 11 0.39 96.03 84 5 0.18 96.21 85 30 1.06 97.27 86 3 0.11 97.38 87 2 0.07 97.45 88 13 0.46 97.91 90 24 0.85 98.76 91 1 0.04 98.79 92 3 0.11 98.9 93 2 0.07 98.97 94 1 0.04 99.01 95 6 0.21 99.22 96 2 0.07 99.29 97 3 0.11 99.4 98 2 0.07 99.47 99 1 0.04 99.5 100 7 0.25 99.75 104 1 0.04 99.79 105 2 0.07 99.86 110 2 0.07 99.93 120 1 0.04 99.96 150 1 0.04 100

Total 2,821 100

M11123_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 132 5.11 5.11 35 3 0.12 5.23 36 2 0.08 5.31 37 7 0.27 5.58 38 3 0.12 5.7 39 5 0.19 5.89 40 23 0.89 6.78 41 20 0.77 7.56 42 22 0.85 8.41 43 32 1.24 9.65 44 18 0.7 10.34 45 51 1.98 12.32 46 65 2.52 14.84 47 56 2.17 17.01 48 83 3.22 20.22 49 68 2.63 22.86 50 113 4.38 27.24 51 55 2.13 29.37 52 89 3.45 32.82

Page 150: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

142

53 97 3.76 36.57 54 89 3.45 40.02 55 102 3.95 43.98 56 77 2.98 46.96 57 76 2.94 49.9 58 83 3.22 53.12 59 41 1.59 54.71 60 133 5.15 59.86 61 48 1.86 61.72 62 83 3.22 64.94 63 77 2.98 67.92 64 61 2.36 70.28 65 103 3.99 74.27 66 28 1.08 75.36 67 49 1.9 77.26 68 59 2.29 79.54 69 30 1.16 80.71 70 76 2.94 83.65 71 17 0.66 84.31 72 39 1.51 85.82 73 29 1.12 86.94 74 30 1.16 88.11 75 46 1.78 89.89 76 31 1.2 91.09 77 20 0.77 91.86 78 22 0.85 92.72 79 7 0.27 92.99 80 51 1.98 94.96 81 6 0.23 95.2 82 11 0.43 95.62 83 13 0.5 96.13 84 8 0.31 96.44 85 27 1.05 97.48 86 3 0.12 97.6 87 2 0.08 97.68 88 3 0.12 97.79 89 5 0.19 97.99 90 18 0.7 98.68 91 3 0.12 98.8 92 4 0.15 98.95 93 4 0.15 99.11 94 1 0.04 99.15 95 4 0.15 99.3 96 2 0.08 99.38 97 2 0.08 99.46 98 3 0.12 99.57 100 3 0.12 99.69 106 1 0.04 99.73 108 1 0.04 99.77 110 2 0.08 99.85 116 1 0.04 99.88

Page 151: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

143

120 1 0.04 99.92 125 1 0.04 99.96 160 1 0.04 100

Total 2,581 100

M11123_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 124 5.26 5.26 35 5 0.21 5.47 36 2 0.08 5.56 37 1 0.04 5.6 38 4 0.17 5.77 39 4 0.17 5.94 40 25 1.06 7 41 14 0.59 7.59 42 22 0.93 8.52 43 29 1.23 9.75 44 27 1.15 10.9 45 50 2.12 13.02 46 44 1.87 14.89 47 52 2.21 17.09 48 65 2.76 19.85 49 52 2.21 22.05 50 109 4.62 26.68 51 65 2.76 29.43 52 92 3.9 33.33 53 105 4.45 37.79 54 64 2.71 40.5 55 89 3.77 44.27 56 68 2.88 47.16 57 61 2.59 49.75 58 75 3.18 52.93 59 42 1.78 54.71 60 120 5.09 59.8 61 29 1.23 61.03 62 67 2.84 63.87 63 87 3.69 67.56 64 49 2.08 69.64 65 95 4.03 73.66 66 30 1.27 74.94 67 31 1.31 76.25 68 59 2.5 78.75 69 28 1.19 79.94 70 81 3.44 83.38 71 9 0.38 83.76 72 34 1.44 85.2 73 29 1.23 86.43 74 30 1.27 87.7 75 54 2.29 89.99 76 25 1.06 91.05 77 13 0.55 91.6

Page 152: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

144

78 27 1.15 92.75 79 11 0.47 93.21 80 46 1.95 95.17 81 3 0.13 95.29 82 10 0.42 95.72 83 10 0.42 96.14 84 6 0.25 96.4 85 15 0.64 97.03 86 7 0.3 97.33 87 5 0.21 97.54 88 6 0.25 97.79 89 2 0.08 97.88 90 16 0.68 98.56 91 1 0.04 98.6 92 7 0.3 98.9 93 2 0.08 98.98 94 3 0.13 99.11 95 5 0.21 99.32 96 3 0.13 99.45 97 2 0.08 99.53 98 2 0.08 99.62 100 4 0.17 99.79 102 1 0.04 99.83 110 1 0.04 99.87 112 1 0.04 99.92 120 1 0.04 99.96 139 1 0.04 100

Total 2,358 100

Tabulation for the Spouses

M11123_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 227 7.86 7.86 35 3 0.1 7.96 36 3 0.1 8.07 37 4 0.14 8.2 38 6 0.21 8.41 39 4 0.14 8.55 40 23 0.8 9.35 41 14 0.48 9.83 42 28 0.97 10.8 43 35 1.21 12.01 44 18 0.62 12.63 45 69 2.39 15.02 46 50 1.73 16.75 47 50 1.73 18.48 48 104 3.6 22.08 49 60 2.08 24.16 50 165 5.71 29.87

Page 153: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

145

51 51 1.77 31.64 52 98 3.39 35.03 53 93 3.22 38.25 54 53 1.83 40.08 55 130 4.5 44.58 56 72 2.49 47.08 57 75 2.6 49.67 58 94 3.25 52.92 59 41 1.42 54.34 60 214 7.41 61.75 61 45 1.56 63.31 62 73 2.53 65.84 63 87 3.01 68.85 64 50 1.73 70.58 65 135 4.67 75.25 66 22 0.76 76.01 67 36 1.25 77.26 68 97 3.36 80.62 69 23 0.8 81.41 70 122 4.22 85.64 71 18 0.62 86.26 72 45 1.56 87.82 73 34 1.18 88.99 74 12 0.42 89.41 75 60 2.08 91.48 76 30 1.04 92.52 77 7 0.24 92.77 78 39 1.35 94.12 79 9 0.31 94.43 80 48 1.66 96.09 81 2 0.07 96.16 82 26 0.9 97.06 83 6 0.21 97.27 84 6 0.21 97.47 85 33 1.14 98.62 86 6 0.21 98.82 87 3 0.1 98.93 88 4 0.14 99.07 89 6 0.21 99.27 90 4 0.14 99.41 91 1 0.03 99.45 92 1 0.03 99.48 93 2 0.07 99.55 94 2 0.07 99.62 95 4 0.14 99.76 97 1 0.03 99.79 98 1 0.03 99.83 100 2 0.07 99.9 102 1 0.03 99.93 108 1 0.03 99.97 110 1 0.03 100

Page 154: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

146

Total 2,889 100

M11123_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 290 11.42 11.42 30 1 0.04 11.46 35 2 0.08 11.54 36 1 0.04 11.57 37 2 0.08 11.65 38 3 0.12 11.77 39 3 0.12 11.89 40 19 0.75 12.64 41 10 0.39 13.03 42 25 0.98 14.02 43 30 1.18 15.2 44 24 0.94 16.14 45 60 2.36 18.5 46 37 1.46 19.96 47 44 1.73 21.69 48 72 2.83 24.53 49 43 1.69 26.22 50 142 5.59 31.81 51 43 1.69 33.5 52 86 3.39 36.89 53 83 3.27 40.16 54 54 2.13 42.28 55 104 4.09 46.38 56 67 2.64 49.02 57 63 2.48 51.5 58 94 3.7 55.2 59 28 1.1 56.3 60 147 5.79 62.09 61 32 1.26 63.35 62 72 2.83 66.18 63 99 3.9 70.08 64 40 1.57 71.65 65 99 3.9 75.55 66 26 1.02 76.57 67 43 1.69 78.27 68 78 3.07 81.34 69 23 0.91 82.24 70 107 4.21 86.46 71 10 0.39 86.85 72 51 2.01 88.86 73 22 0.87 89.72 74 12 0.47 90.2 75 49 1.93 92.13 76 22 0.87 92.99 77 11 0.43 93.43 78 28 1.1 94.53 79 5 0.2 94.72

Page 155: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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80 45 1.77 96.5 81 7 0.28 96.77 82 13 0.51 97.28 83 16 0.63 97.91 84 3 0.12 98.03 85 14 0.55 98.58 86 5 0.2 98.78 87 6 0.24 99.02 88 1 0.04 99.06 89 1 0.04 99.09 90 8 0.31 99.41 91 2 0.08 99.49 92 3 0.12 99.61 93 2 0.08 99.69 95 2 0.08 99.76 97 1 0.04 99.8 98 1 0.04 99.84 100 2 0.08 99.92 107 1 0.04 99.96 110 1 0.04 100

Total 2,540 100

M11123_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 279 11.94 11.94 33 1 0.04 11.98 35 2 0.09 12.07 37 1 0.04 12.11 38 6 0.26 12.37 39 3 0.13 12.49 40 20 0.86 13.35 41 5 0.21 13.56 42 18 0.77 14.33 43 30 1.28 15.62 44 19 0.81 16.43 45 54 2.31 18.74 46 39 1.67 20.41 47 51 2.18 22.59 48 75 3.21 25.8 49 29 1.24 27.04 50 116 4.96 32.01 51 41 1.75 33.76 52 71 3.04 36.8 53 71 3.04 39.84 54 60 2.57 42.4 55 95 4.07 46.47 56 73 3.12 49.59 57 42 1.8 51.39 58 86 3.68 55.07 59 28 1.2 56.27 60 137 5.86 62.13

Page 156: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

148

61 28 1.2 63.33 62 64 2.74 66.07 63 66 2.82 68.89 64 41 1.75 70.65 65 102 4.36 75.01 66 27 1.16 76.17 67 33 1.41 77.58 68 65 2.78 80.36 69 17 0.73 81.09 70 96 4.11 85.19 71 16 0.68 85.88 72 40 1.71 87.59 73 25 1.07 88.66 74 15 0.64 89.3 75 53 2.27 91.57 76 20 0.86 92.43 77 10 0.43 92.85 78 25 1.07 93.92 79 1 0.04 93.97 80 41 1.75 95.72 81 3 0.13 95.85 82 13 0.56 96.41 83 15 0.64 97.05 84 4 0.17 97.22 85 20 0.86 98.07 86 7 0.3 98.37 87 5 0.21 98.59 88 1 0.04 98.63 89 3 0.13 98.76 90 10 0.43 99.19 92 3 0.13 99.32 93 2 0.09 99.4 95 6 0.26 99.66 98 2 0.09 99.74 100 2 0.09 99.83 107 1 0.04 99.87 110 1 0.04 99.91 111 1 0.04 99.96 127 1 0.04 100

Total 2,337 100

M11123_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 202 9.7 9.7 35 3 0.14 9.85 36 2 0.1 9.94 37 1 0.05 9.99 38 4 0.19 10.18 39 4 0.19 10.37 40 17 0.82 11.19 41 3 0.14 11.34

Page 157: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

149

42 18 0.86 12.2 43 23 1.1 13.3 44 19 0.91 14.22 45 49 2.35 16.57 46 27 1.3 17.87 47 34 1.63 19.5 48 75 3.6 23.1 49 38 1.83 24.93 50 111 5.33 30.26 51 46 2.21 32.47 52 64 3.07 35.54 53 69 3.31 38.86 54 62 2.98 41.83 55 71 3.41 45.24 56 65 3.12 48.37 57 48 2.31 50.67 58 54 2.59 53.27 59 30 1.44 54.71 60 121 5.81 60.52 61 27 1.3 61.82 62 58 2.79 64.6 63 64 3.07 67.68 64 40 1.92 69.6 65 93 4.47 74.06 66 19 0.91 74.98 67 39 1.87 76.85 68 52 2.5 79.35 69 25 1.2 80.55 70 84 4.03 84.58 71 12 0.58 85.16 72 48 2.31 87.46 73 23 1.1 88.57 74 14 0.67 89.24 75 32 1.54 90.78 76 13 0.62 91.4 77 10 0.48 91.88 78 28 1.34 93.23 79 5 0.24 93.47 80 44 2.11 95.58 81 2 0.1 95.68 82 10 0.48 96.16 83 16 0.77 96.93 84 7 0.34 97.26 85 23 1.1 98.37 86 2 0.1 98.46 87 3 0.14 98.61 88 4 0.19 98.8 90 11 0.53 99.33 92 1 0.05 99.38 93 2 0.1 99.47 95 1 0.05 99.52

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96 3 0.14 99.66 97 1 0.05 99.71 98 1 0.05 99.76 99 1 0.05 99.81 100 1 0.05 99.86 105 1 0.05 99.9 115 1 0.05 99.95 127 1 0.05 100

Total 2,082 100

M11123_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 166 8.65 8.65 36 1 0.05 8.71 37 1 0.05 8.76 38 6 0.31 9.07 39 1 0.05 9.12 40 18 0.94 10.06 41 6 0.31 10.38 42 20 1.04 11.42 43 20 1.04 12.46 44 14 0.73 13.19 45 56 2.92 16.11 46 24 1.25 17.36 47 38 1.98 19.34 48 58 3.02 22.37 49 41 2.14 24.5 50 110 5.74 30.24 51 29 1.51 31.75 52 70 3.65 35.4 53 53 2.76 38.16 54 43 2.24 40.41 55 72 3.75 44.16 56 47 2.45 46.61 57 46 2.4 49.01 58 74 3.86 52.87 59 25 1.3 54.17 60 111 5.79 59.96 61 23 1.2 61.16 62 62 3.23 64.39 63 53 2.76 67.15 64 31 1.62 68.77 65 102 5.32 74.09 66 17 0.89 74.97 67 37 1.93 76.9 68 57 2.97 79.87 69 12 0.63 80.5 70 64 3.34 83.84 71 12 0.63 84.46 72 39 2.03 86.5 73 25 1.3 87.8

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74 20 1.04 88.84 75 38 1.98 90.82 76 13 0.68 91.5 77 4 0.21 91.71 78 26 1.36 93.07 79 4 0.21 93.27 80 44 2.29 95.57 81 3 0.16 95.72 82 9 0.47 96.19 83 10 0.52 96.72 84 8 0.42 97.13 85 16 0.83 97.97 86 6 0.31 98.28 87 2 0.1 98.38 88 6 0.31 98.7 89 1 0.05 98.75 90 9 0.47 99.22 95 5 0.26 99.48 96 2 0.1 99.58 97 1 0.05 99.64 98 1 0.05 99.69 100 2 0.1 99.79 103 1 0.05 99.84 110 2 0.1 99.95 120 1 0.05 100

Total 1,918 100

M11123_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 153 8.64 8.64 35 2 0.11 8.75 36 1 0.06 8.81 37 1 0.06 8.87 38 7 0.4 9.26 39 5 0.28 9.54 40 8 0.45 9.99 41 6 0.34 10.33 42 27 1.52 11.86 43 26 1.47 13.33 44 13 0.73 14.06 45 41 2.32 16.37 46 38 2.15 18.52 47 34 1.92 20.44 48 62 3.5 23.94 49 31 1.75 25.69 50 92 5.19 30.89 51 32 1.81 32.69 52 62 3.5 36.19 53 54 3.05 39.24 54 36 2.03 41.28 55 69 3.9 45.17

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56 48 2.71 47.88 57 44 2.48 50.37 58 60 3.39 53.75 59 24 1.36 55.11 60 108 6.1 61.21 61 24 1.36 62.56 62 44 2.48 65.05 63 59 3.33 68.38 64 34 1.92 70.3 65 71 4.01 74.31 66 18 1.02 75.32 67 34 1.92 77.24 68 49 2.77 80.01 69 22 1.24 81.25 70 57 3.22 84.47 71 15 0.85 85.32 72 28 1.58 86.9 73 25 1.41 88.31 74 17 0.96 89.27 75 32 1.81 91.08 76 13 0.73 91.81 77 3 0.17 91.98 78 29 1.64 93.62 79 11 0.62 94.24 80 24 1.36 95.6 81 10 0.56 96.16 82 7 0.4 96.56 83 13 0.73 97.29 84 4 0.23 97.52 85 9 0.51 98.02 86 3 0.17 98.19 87 4 0.23 98.42 88 4 0.23 98.64 89 2 0.11 98.76 90 8 0.45 99.21 92 1 0.06 99.27 93 1 0.06 99.32 94 3 0.17 99.49 95 4 0.23 99.72 98 1 0.06 99.77 100 2 0.11 99.89 110 1 0.06 99.94 130 1 0.06 100

Total 1,771 100

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153

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name M11126_2009-M11126_2014

Variable Label Self-rated Health Status

Survey/Created S

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation I

Description This variable indicates the self-rated health status of the respondent and respondent's spouse.

Method

The JHPS reported "How would you rate your health on the whole".

In the JHPS, 1 indicates “Good”, 2 indicates “Fairly good”, 3 indicates “Sometimes good and sometimes bad”, 4 indicates

“Fairly bad” and 5 indicates “Bad”.

We mapped “1 Good” in the JHPS to “1 Excellent” in the CNEF.

Format: .C(-1) = N/A - Child

.M(-2) = Item non-response

.S(-3) = Survey non-response

1 = Excellent

2 = Very good

3 = Good

4 = Fair

5 = Poor

This algorithm omits individuals with survey non-responses.

Unweighted Statistics

Tabulation for the Respondents

M11126_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 12 0.3 0.3

Excellent 1 1,266 31.48 31.78

Very good 2 954 23.72 55.49

Good 3 1,349 33.54 89.04

Fair 4 373 9.27 98.31

Poor 5 68 1.69 100

Total 4,022 100

M11126_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 13 0.37 0.37

Excellent 1 1,049 30.23 30.61

Very good 2 864 24.9 55.5

Good 3 1,169 33.69 89.19

Fair 4 337 9.71 98.9

Poor 5 38 1.1 100

Total 3,470 100

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M11126_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 22 0.7 0.7

Excellent 1 847 26.8 27.5

Very good 2 835 26.42 53.92

Good 3 1,093 34.59 88.51

Fair 4 312 9.87 98.39

Poor 5 51 1.61 100

Total 3,160 100

M11126_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 16 0.57 0.57

Excellent 1 622 22.05 22.62

Very good 2 774 27.44 50.05

Good 3 1,045 37.04 87.1

Fair 4 321 11.38 98.48

Poor 5 43 1.52 100

Total 2,821 100

M11126_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 19 0.74 0.74

Excellent 1 546 21.15 21.89

Very good 2 735 28.48 50.37

Good 3 914 35.41 85.78

Fair 4 327 12.67 98.45

Poor 5 40 1.55 100

Total 2,581 100

M11126_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 5 0.21 0.21

Excellent 1 346 14.67 14.89

Very good 2 665 28.2 43.09

Good 3 959 40.67 83.76

Fair 4 345 14.63 98.39

Poor 5 38 1.61 100

Total 2,358 100

Tabulation for the Spouses

M11126_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 20 0.69 0.69

Excellent 1 643 22.26 22.95

Very good 2 596 20.63 43.58

Good 3 1,230 42.58 86.15

Fair 4 325 11.25 97.4

Poor 5 75 2.6 100

Total 2,889 100

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M11126_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 22 0.87 0.87

Excellent 1 568 22.36 23.23

Very good 2 632 24.88 48.11

Good 3 979 38.54 86.65

Fair 4 270 10.63 97.28

Poor 5 69 2.72 100

Total 2,540 100

M11126_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 37 1.58 1.58

Excellent 1 369 15.79 17.37

Very good 2 645 27.6 44.97

Good 3 924 39.54 84.51

Fair 4 305 13.05 97.56

Poor 5 57 2.44 100

Total 2,337 100

M11126_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 26 1.25 1.25

Excellent 1 248 11.91 13.16

Very good 2 569 27.33 40.49

Good 3 897 43.08 83.57

Fair 4 292 14.02 97.6

Poor 5 50 2.4 100

Total 2,082 100

M11126_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 21 1.09 1.09

Excellent 1 234 12.2 13.3

Very good 2 538 28.05 41.35

Good 3 798 41.61 82.95

Fair 4 284 14.81 97.76

Poor 5 43 2.24 100

Total 1,918 100

M11126_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 22 1.24 1.24

Excellent 1 222 12.54 13.78

Very good 2 491 27.72 41.5

Good 3 715 40.37 81.87

Fair 4 284 16.04 97.91

Poor 5 37 2.09 100

Total 1,771 100

Page 164: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

156

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name P11101_2011-P11101_2014

Variable Label Satisfaction With Life Today

Survey/Created S

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation I

Description This variable indicates overall satisfaction with life at the time of the survey.

Method

The JHPS reported satisfaction with life overall. Transcribed from the JHPS survey.

Format: .M(-2) = Item non-response

.S(-3) = Survey non-response

0 = Not satisfied at all

10 = Fully satisfied

This algorithm omits individuals with survey non-responses.

Unweighted Statistics

Tabulation for the Respondents

P11101_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 14 0.44 0.44

Not satisfied at all 0 59 1.87 2.31 1 33 1.04 3.35 2 77 2.44 5.79 3 204 6.46 12.25 4 215 6.8 19.05 5 845 26.74 45.79 6 363 11.49 57.28 7 465 14.72 71.99 8 529 16.74 88.73 9 199 6.3 95.03

Fully satisfied 10 157 4.97 100

Total 3,160 100

P11101_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 17 0.6 0.6

Not satisfied at all 0 50 1.77 2.38 1 37 1.31 3.69 2 79 2.8 6.49 3 173 6.13 12.62 4 227 8.05 20.67 5 740 26.23 46.9 6 304 10.78 57.67 7 451 15.99 73.66

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8 474 16.8 90.46 9 157 5.57 96.03

Fully satisfied 10 112 3.97 100

Total 2,821 100

P11101_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 15 0.58 0.58

Not satisfied at all 0 42 1.63 2.21 1 31 1.2 3.41 2 80 3.1 6.51 3 169 6.55 13.06 4 185 7.17 20.22 5 683 26.46 46.69 6 302 11.7 58.39 7 382 14.8 73.19 8 413 16 89.19 9 170 6.59 95.78

Fully satisfied 10 109 4.22 100

Total 2,581 100

P11101_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 13 0.55 0.55

Not satisfied at all 0 38 1.61 2.16 1 31 1.31 3.48 2 64 2.71 6.19 3 162 6.87 13.06 4 188 7.97 21.03 5 647 27.44 48.47 6 254 10.77 59.25 7 339 14.38 73.62 8 388 16.45 90.08 9 150 6.36 96.44

Fully satisfied 10 84 3.56 100

Total 2,358 100

Tabulation for the Spouses

P11101_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 53 2.27 2.27

Not satisfied at all 0 33 1.41 3.68 1 22 0.94 4.62 2 47 2.01 6.63 3 117 5.01 11.64 4 140 5.99 17.63 5 677 28.97 46.6 6 230 9.84 56.44 7 353 15.1 71.54 8 383 16.39 87.93 9 163 6.97 94.91

Fully satisfied 10 119 5.09 100

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Total 2,337 100

P11101_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 36 1.73 1.73

Not satisfied at all 0 28 1.34 3.07 1 24 1.15 4.23 2 55 2.64 6.87 3 106 5.09 11.96 4 134 6.44 18.4 5 597 28.67 47.07 6 232 11.14 58.21 7 311 14.94 73.15 8 340 16.33 89.48 9 139 6.68 96.16

Fully satisfied 10 80 3.84 100

Total 2,082 100

P11101_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 29 1.51 1.51

Not satisfied at all 0 20 1.04 2.55 1 22 1.15 3.7 2 39 2.03 5.74 3 97 5.06 10.79 4 139 7.25 18.04 5 525 27.37 45.41 6 222 11.57 56.99 7 303 15.8 72.78 8 319 16.63 89.42 9 132 6.88 96.3

Fully satisfied 10 71 3.7 100

Total 1,918 100

P11101_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

M -2 35 1.98 1.98

Not satisfied at all 0 15 0.85 2.82 1 10 0.56 3.39 2 43 2.43 5.82 3 89 5.03 10.84 4 141 7.96 18.8 5 511 28.85 47.66 6 208 11.74 59.4 7 263 14.85 74.25 8 278 15.7 89.95 9 110 6.21 96.16

Fully satisfied 10 68 3.84 100

Total 1,771 100

Page 167: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name W11101_2009-W11101_2014

Variable Label Cross-sectional Weight–Respondent Individuals

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation I

Description Indicates the individual's sample weight.

Method

Individual weights compensate for sample attrition and are necessary to obtain population based statistics. In the JHPS, the

individual's cross-sectional sample weight is identical to the longitudinal weight.

Format: .M(-2) = Item non-response

.S(-3) = Survey non-response

Unweighted Statistics

Note: JHPS is targeting the individuals rather than household living in Japan. Only if the selected individuals are married,

their spouses’ information will be collected. As a result, the sample of the spouses is not proposed to follow the two-stage

stratified random sampling method. And we will not provide the weights of spouses.

Variable Obs Mean

W11101_2009 4022 1

W11101_2010 3468 1.158866

W11101_2011 3158 1.275611

W11101_2012 2818 1.430772

W11101_2013 2576 1.570573

W11101_2014 2352 1.725853

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Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name W11102_2009-W11102_2014

Variable Label Household Weight

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation H

Description Indicates the household's sample weight.

Method

The household weight is created by multiplying cross-sectional individual weight and inverse of household members

together. In a household with only one member, the household weight is identical to the individual weight.

Format: .M(-2) = Item non-response

.S(-3) = Survey non-response

Unweighted Statistics

Note: JHPS is targeting the individuals rather than household living in Japan. Only if the selected individuals are married,

their spouses’ information will be collected. As a result, the sample of the spouses is not proposed to follow the two-stage

stratified random sampling method. And we will not provide the weights of spouses.

Variable Obs Mean

W11102_2009 4022 0.4070374

W11102_2010 3468 0.4778239

W11102_2011 3158 0.5362838

W11102_2012 2818 0.6140327

W11102_2013 2576 0.6847759

W11102_2014 2352 0.7553434

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Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name W11103_2009-W11103_2014

Variable Label Longitudinal weight

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation I

Description Indicates the individual’s longitudinal weight.

Method

Longitudinal weights are only provided for a balanced panel from wave 1 to each wave. Longitudinal weight at wave1 is

equal to cross-sectional respondent’s weight at wave1.

Format: .M(-2) = Item non-response

.S(-3) = Survey non-response

Unweighted Statistics

Note: JHPS is targeting the individuals rather than household living in Japan. Only if the selected individuals are married,

their spouses’ information will be collected. As a result, the sample of the spouses is not proposed to follow the two-stage

stratified random sampling method. And we will not provide the weights of spouses.

Variable Obs Mean

W11103_2009 4022 1

W11103_2010 3468 1.158866

W11103_2011 3152 1.27579

W11103_2012 2811 1.431343

W11103_2013 2561 1.572207

W11103_2014 2334 1.727351

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162

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name X11101LL

Variable Label Unique Person Number

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation I

Description This variable provides unique identification for each individual ever surveyed in the JHPS.

Method

The JHPS does not provide a unique identification number for each individual.

The two variables used in the JHPS to uniquely identify individuals are combined to create a single unique person number.

algorithm: X11101LL = ( X11102LL * 1000 ) + X11105JLL

Format: N/A

Unweighted Statistics

Variable Obs Mean

X11101LL 7026 22300000

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Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name X11102LL

Variable Label Household Identification Number

Survey/Created S

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation H

Description This variable links individuals to the households when they were living in at the time of the

interview.

Method

The JHPS provides household identification numbers.

Format: N/A

Unweighted Statistics

Variable Obs Mean

X11102LL 7026 22321.31

Page 172: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

164

Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name X11103_2009-X11103_2014

Variable Label Individual in Household at Survey

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation I

Description Indicates whether an individual was living in the household at the time of the interview.

Method

Individuals who are members of the household at the time of the survey are assigned the value of 1.

Individuals who moved out of the JHPS household, died, or moved to school, prison, nursing home, or some other

institution are considered to be out of the sample and are assigned the value of 0.

Format: 0 = No

1 = Yes

Unweighted Statistics

Tabulation for the Respondents

X11103_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

Yes 1 4,022 100 100

Total 4,022 100

X11103_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

Yes 1 3,470 100 100

Total 3,470 100

X11103_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

Yes 1 3,160 100 100

Total 3,160 100

X11103_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

Yes 1 2,821 100 100

Total 2,821 100

X11103_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

Yes 1 2,581 100 100

Total 2,581 100

X11103_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

Yes 1 2,358 100 100

Total 2,358 100

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Tabulation for the Spouses

X11103_2009 Freq. Percent Cum.

Yes 1 2,889 100 100

Total 2,889 100

X11103_2010 Freq. Percent Cum.

Yes 1 2,540 100 100

Total 2,540 100

X11103_2011 Freq. Percent Cum.

Yes 1 2,337 100 100

Total 2,337 100

X11103_2012 Freq. Percent Cum.

Yes 1 2,082 100 100

Total 2,082 100

X11103_2013 Freq. Percent Cum.

Yes 1 1,918 100 100

Total 1,918 100

X11103_2014 Freq. Percent Cum.

Yes 1 1,771 100 100

Total 1,771 100

Page 174: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name X11105JLL

Variable Label Person in Household Interviewed

Survey/Created C

Reliability 4

Unit of Observation I

Description Indicates who is the individual in the household responded to the survey

Method

Individuals who were selected as the JHPS survey subjects are given 1.

The respondent's 1st marriage spouse is given 2.

The respondent's 2nd marriage spouse is given 3.

Please refer to “Important Notes for the JHPS dataset” for detailed information.

Format: 1 = the respondent

2 = 1st marriage spouse

3 = 2nd marriage spouse

Unweighted Statistics

Variable Obs Mean

X11105JLL 7026 1.427128

Page 175: Codebook for the Cross-National Equivalent File 1970-2014

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Comparable Variables JHPS

Variable Name Y11101_2009-Y11101_2014

Variable Label Consumer Price Index

Survey/Created C

Reliability 1

Unit of Observation Y

Description This variable provides the consumer price indices necessary to convert current JPY amounts

into constant JPY amounts.

Method

The value of this variable is supplied by the Official Statistics of Japan.

Base Year 2015 = 100

Data Source: Portal Site of Official Statistics of Japan

http://www.e-stat.go.jp/SG1/estat/List.do?bid=000001074279&cycode=0

Format: N/A

Unweighted Statistics

Variable Obs Mean

Y11101_2009 7026 97.2

Y11101_2010 7026 96.5

Y11101_2011 7026 96.3

Y11101_2012 7026 96.2

Y11101_2013 7026 96.6

Y11101_2014 7026 99.2

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References Aldi, J.M., Hagenaars, Klaus de Vos, M. Asghar Zaidi (1994). “Poverty Statistics in the late 1980's: Research Based on Micro-Data.” Study carried out for Eurostat. Luxemborg, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities. Population and Social Conditions Series 3C, p. 18. Betson, David, and Robert Michael. (1993). “A Recommendation for the Construction of Equivalence Scales.” Unpublished memorandum prepared for the Panel on Poverty and Family Assistance, Committee on National Statistics, National Research Council. Department of Economics, University of Notre Dame. Little, Roderick J.A. and Hong-Lin Su. (1989). “Item Non-Response in Panel Surveys.” In Panel Surveys. (D. Kasprzyk, G. Duncan, and M.P. Singh, Eds.). New York: John Wiley. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. (1982). The OECD List of Social Indicators. Paris: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.